2025届高考英语二轮复习：语法填空学案（十二）科技与社会主题专项（含答案）

学案名称 高考语法填空学案（十一）生态环保主题专项
使用时间 _____年_____月_____日 建议课时 2课时
学习目标 1. 综合运用虚拟语气、词性转换、固定搭配等语法知识。 2. 掌握科技与社会主题的核心词汇与短语，增强语境理解能力。 3. 能够在复杂句式中准确填空，强化语法与主题词汇的结合应用。
重难点 重点：虚拟语气的条件句与建议类动词，词性转换的规则与固定搭配的语境判断。 难点：科技主题中抽象名词的词性转换，虚拟语气与长难句的嵌套分析。
自学学案与课堂互动部分学案 备注与笔记
话题词汇/短语识记 人工智能：artificial intelligence (AI) 数字化转型：digital transformation 网络安全：cybersecurity 大数据：big data 区块链：blockchain 虚拟现实：virtual reality (VR) 机器学习：machine learning 自动化：automation 社交媒体：social media 算法推荐：algorithm recommendation 隐私保护：privacy protection 伦理困境：ethical dilemma 技术依赖：technology dependence 信息爆炸：information overload 远程办公：remote work 电子支付：electronic payment 智能家居：smart home 基因编辑：gene editing 量子计算：quantum computing 人机交互：human-computer interaction 知识点1：虚拟语气在科技主题中的应用 定义：虚拟语气用于表达假设、建议或与事实相反的情况，常见于科技伦理讨论或未来预测。 与现在事实相反：If + 过去式，主句用would/could/might + 动词原形。 例：If AI had (have) emotions, it would change (change) human relationships. 与过去事实相反：If + 过去完成式，主句用would have + 过去分词。 例：If scientists had foreseen (foresee) the risks, they would have regulated (regulate) AI earlier. 建议类动词后的虚拟语气：suggest, recommend, insist后接“(should) + 动词原形”。 例：Experts suggest that laws be updated (update) to address data privacy 填空练习（学生自主完成）： 1. If robots ___ (replace) human workers, unemployment ___ (rise). 2. The committee recommended that stricter regulations ___ (implement) for AI. 3. If we ___ (not develop) cybersecurity measures, data breaches ___ (occur) frequently. 知识点2：词性转换规则在科技类文本中的应用 定义：在科技主题中，词性转换常用于描述技术发展及其社会影响。 名词 → 动词： automation (n.) → automate (v.) 补充:_______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 例：Factories are increasingly automated (automation). 动词 → 名词： 补充:_______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ analyze (v.) → analysis (n.) 例：The analysis (analyze) of big data requires advanced tools. 形容词 → 名词： digital (adj.) → digitization (n.) 补充:_______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 例：The digitization (digital) of records improved efficiency. 常见后缀： -tion/-sion（名词）：automate → automation -ment（名词）：develop → development -able/-ible（形容词）：access → accessible -ly（副词）：rapid → rapidly 填空练习： 4. The ___ (develop) of 5G technology has revolutionized communication. 5. Cybersecurity measures must be ___ (effect) to prevent hacking. 6. Scientists are studying the ___ (possible) of quantum computing. 知识点3：固定搭配与科技短语 定义：科技主题中常用固定搭配表达技术功能或社会影响。 动词 + 介词： rely on（依赖）, protect against（防范）, adapt to（适应） 补充:_______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 例：We must adapt to the rapid changes in technology. 形容词 + 名词： ethical issues（伦理问题）, digital footprint（数字足迹） 补充:_______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 例：Social media users should be aware of their digital footprint. 名词 + 介词： access to（获取）, impact on（影响） 补充:_______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________ 例：Equal access to technology is crucial for education. 填空练习： 7. Many companies ___ (rely) AI to improve efficiency. 8. The government is working to protect citizens ___ cyberattacks. 9. The widespread use of smartphones has a significant impact ___ social interactions. 【对比性练习】 1. 虚拟语气 vs. 真实条件句： If AI _______ (replace) jobs, unemployment _______ (rise). （真实语气） If AI _______ (replace) jobs, unemployment _______ (rise). （虚拟语气） 2. 词性转换辨析： The _______t (develop) of technology is rapid. Scientists _______ (develop) new solutions every day. 【课堂内容回顾】请梳理本节课的疑难知识点，以便巩固训练课时进行训练与巩固 请同学们课前识记相关短语 15分钟：检查话题词汇/短语 15分钟：对照学案自学本节课内容 15分钟：教师点拨
巩固训练学案 备注与笔记
【知识框架搭建】请同学们搭建本节课的知识框架 【巩固训练】 单句语法填空（15题） If quantum computing ___ (be) widely available, it ___ (revolutionize) data processing. Experts suggest that cybersecurity protocols ___ (strengthen) immediately. The ___ (digitize) of medical records has improved patient care. Social media platforms must protect users ___ privacy breaches. The ___ (possible) of colonizing Mars is being explored by scientists. If we ___ (not regulate) AI, ethical issues ___ (arise). The ___ (develop) of blockchain technology has transformed finance. Many people rely ___ smartphones for daily tasks. The government insists that data collection ___ (be) transparent. The impact of automation ___ employment is a heated debate. If scientists ___ (discover) a cure earlier, many lives ___ (save). The ___ (analyze) of big data requires advanced algorithms. Cybersecurity measures should be ___ (effect) against hackers. The ___ (possible) of human cloning raises ethical concerns. If social media ___ (not exist), communication ___ (be) very different. 单句语法填空·拔高练习 The proposal that AI research ___ (limit) for ethical reasons ___ (debate) in the conference. Not only ___ (automation change) industries, but it also ___ (affect) job markets. The technology, ___ (design) to enhance privacy, ___ (test) in Europe currently. If governments ___ (invest) more in renewable energy, carbon emissions ___ (reduce). It was the invention of the internet ___ (transform) global communication. 语篇语法填空（10空） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence 1 (raise) both excitement and concern. If AI 2 (develop) responsibly, it 3 (bring) significant benefits to society. However, experts warn that without proper regulation, it 4 (lead) to job losses and privacy violations. A recent study 5 (suggest) that over 60% of companies now rely 6 AI for data analysis. Despite its efficiency, many employees fear that automation 7 (replace) human workers in the future. To address these issues, governments 8 (recommend) that ethical guidelines 9 (establish). “If we 10 (fail) to act now, the consequences could be irreversible,” said a leading researcher. 【检查目标是否达成】 能够读懂环境环保生态类相关文章（ ） 熟练掌握虚拟语气、词性转换和固定搭配的核心用法 （ ） 强化语法填空实战能力。 （ ） 本节课结束后，教师会下发巩固训练学案的答案，有疑问的同学，可以对照解析进行进一步修改。祝同学们学习顺利！ 请同学们完成后进行小组讨论。请有展示任务的同学在黑板上书写你的答案。 拔高练习部分，难度较大。请英语A层级完成，其余同学可选做。
答案与解析（教师注意保留此部分）
单句语法填空
were; would revolutionize
解析：与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用过去式，主句用“would + 动词原形”。
be strengthened
解析：虚拟语气（suggest后接should be + 过去分词，should可省略）。
digitization
解析：动词“digitize”转换为名词“digitization”。
against
解析：固定搭配“protect against”。
possibility
解析：形容词“possible”转换为名词“possibility”。
do not regulate; will arise
解析：真实条件句，从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时。
development
解析：动词“develop”转换为名词“development”。
on
解析：固定搭配“rely on”。
be
解析：虚拟语气（insist后接should be，should可省略）。
on
解析：固定搭配“impact on”。
had discovered; would have been saved
解析：与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用过去完成式，主句用“would have + 过去分词”。
analysis
解析：动词“analyze”转换为名词“analysis”。
effective
解析：名词“effect”转换为形容词“effective”。
possibility
解析：形容词“possible”转换为名词“possibility”。
did not exist; would be
解析：与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用过去式，主句用“would + 动词原形”
单句语法填空·拔高训练
be limited; was debated
解析：虚拟语气（proposal后接should be + 过去分词） + 过去时被动语态。
does automation change; affects
解析：倒装结构（否定词前置） + 一般现在时。
designed; is being tested
解析：非谓语作定语（被动） + 现在进行时被动语态。
invested; would be reduced
解析：条件句（虚拟语气） + 被动语态。
that transformed
解析：强调句结构（It was...that...）。
语篇语法填空
has raised
解析：现在完成时，强调动作对现在的影响。
were developed
解析：与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用过去式被动语态。
would bring
解析：主句用“would + 动词原形”表虚拟结果。
could lead
解析：情态动词“could”表可能性。
suggests
解析：一般现在时，描述研究结果。
on
解析：固定搭配“rely on”。
will replace
解析：一般将来时，表预测。
have recommended
解析：现在完成时，强调已提出的建议。
be established
解析：虚拟语气（recommend后接should be + 过去分词，should可省略）。
fail
解析：条件状语从句中，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时