2025届高三英语二轮复习之培优外刊阅读导学案：美国人也在为养老焦虑（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2025届高三英语二轮复习之培优外刊阅读导学案：美国人也在为养老焦虑（含答案） |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-02-07 23:01:33 | ||
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高三英语培优外刊阅读
班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________
外刊精选｜存够146万美元才敢退休？美国人也在为养老焦虑
最近的一项调查显示，美国人认为较为理想的养老储蓄金额是146万美元。其中，较为年轻的千禧一代给出的数字是165万美元，较为年长的婴儿潮一代是99万美元；而在2020年，他们的预估要低很多，分别是不到100万美元和83万美元。为什么美国人认为需要攒够这么多钱才敢退休？这反映了什么？
The New Magic Number for Retirement Is $1.46 Million. Here's What It Tells Us.
By Anne Tergesen
The stock market gave 401(k)s a 19% boost last year. Inflation cooled. Still, lots of people feel no closer to hitting their magic number for retirement.
It would take $1.46 million to retire comfortably, according to a recent survey of 4,588 adults by financial-services company Northwestern Mutual. That is up from $1.27 million a year ago. And over $1 million more than the average survey participant's nest egg.
The rising magic number reveals more about retirement anxiety than retirement planning, said Teresa Ghilarducci, an economist at the New School for Social Research in New York City. People don't really know how much money they will need in retirement, and often overestimate it, Ghilarducci said.
Understanding how far retirement savings will go is further complicated by the uncertain future of Social Security. The retirement program is projected to deplete its reserves in a decade, triggering a 23% reduction in benefits unless Congress acts.
There is no single magic number or formula for knowing when it is financially safe to retire. There are rules of thumb to measure your retirement readiness. One shortcut devised by Fidelity Investments, calls for saving 10 times your annual salary by age 67. To hit those targets, Fidelity recommends saving about 15% a year starting at age 25.
People often end up retiring earlier than expected, due to job changes or health issues. Others find they already have enough saved. About 35% of retirees the nonprofit Employee Benefit Research Institute surveyed in 2023 said they retired sooner than planned because they felt they could afford to, down from 41% in 2021.
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.inflation英 [ n fle n] 美 [ n fle n]n. __________________________
2.complicate v. __________________________
3.deplete英 [d pli t] 美 [d pli t]v. __________________________
4.devise英 [d va z] 美 [d va z]v. __________________________
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1.神奇数字，魔法数字_________________________________________
2.（普通民众用来退休之后花的）储备金_________________________________________
3.这告诉我们_________________________________________
4.提振，促进某个事物_________________________________________
5.即使……之后，仍不能……_________________________________________
6.舒适退休_________________________________________
7.提升_________________________________________
8.下降_________________________________________
9.某个现象传递出了 A 信号，而不是 B 信号_______________________________________
10.某个事物可以维持多久、产生多大的影响_________________________________________
11.一个事物因为另一个事物的存在而变得更复杂、更困难___________________________
12.预计会……_________________________________________
13.基于实践经验总结出来的原则、方法_________________________________________
14.设计一种新的教学方法_________________________________________
15.设计一种全新的减少碳排放的方案_________________________________________
16.需要，需求_________________________________________
17.结果是……_________________________________________
18.员工福利研究所_________________________________________
拓展练习阅读理解
The California road trip down Highway 1 is iconic. 21 It’s a dream trip for people who like to drive cars. So when I was offered the opportunity to do that trip in an electric vehicle (EV) — sort of reimagining that classic road trip without contributing to climate change — I decided to give it a try.
I picked up my electric car, a Tesla, at San Francisco International Airport. I was worried that it would have a steep learning curve, but it was really like any other car. 22 However, it took me less than 30 minutes to adjust to all these things. The ride itself was smooth, and it felt the same as driving a traditional car. It had so much power and that surprised me. It can go very fast, very quickly, even on the steep hills the region is known for.
My biggest concern at the beginning of this EV road trip was running out of battery life in the middle of nowhere. 23 I had no idea how advanced the infrastructure for EVs would be on my route. Before I left, I just checked Google Maps for charging stations and a couple of forums to make sure an all-EV road trip was possible, at least in theory.
When I picked up the car, it said I could go more than 250 miles on one charge. 24 I’d also heard that some electric cars use a lot of electricity if you turn on the heat, but I never turned on the heat because it was the perfect temperature during my trip.
Beyond the ease and convenience of ecotourism, it felt good to be driving an EV in this area too. Not that EVs don’t pollute at all, but it was a good feeling to not be doing the opposite of what I should do in that beautiful landscape. You’ve got a silent car, you don’t disturb the animals, and you don’t pollute the air. 25 .
A．I never tested that on the trip.
B．I didn’t like eco-friendly cars at all.
C．I’m not the fastest guy with electronics.
D．Almost everyone knows about that route.
E．It’s a lot more eco-friendly than a normal car.
F．I had never driven an eco-friendly car before.
G．The route is well-known for its rough conditions.
外刊精选答案
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.inflation英 [ n fle n] 美 [ n fle n]n. 通货膨胀
2.complicate v. 使......复杂化
3.deplete英 [d pli t] 美 [d pli t]v. 使枯竭
4.devise英 [d va z] 美 [d va z]v. 设计，发明
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1.magic number神奇数字，魔法数字
2.nest egg （普通民众用来退休之后花的）储备金
3.here's what it tells us这告诉我们
4.give something a boost提振，促进某个事物
5.feel no closer to即使……之后，仍不能……
6.retire comfortably舒适退休
7.up from提升
8.down from 下降
9.reveals more about A than B某个现象传递出了 A 信号，而不是 B 信号
10.how far something will go某个事物可以维持多久、产生多大的影响
11.be complicated by something一个事物因为另一个事物的存在而变得更复杂、更困难
12.be projected to do something预计会……
13.rule of thumb基于实践经验总结出来的原则、方法
14.devise a new teaching method 设计一种新的教学方法
15.devise a new plan to reduce carbon emissions 设计一种全新的减少碳排放的方案
16.call for需要，需求
17.end up doing结果是……
18.Employee Benefit Research Institute员工福利研究所
【全文翻译】
最新的“退休神奇数字”是146万美元，它告诉了我们这些事
去年，股市给美国人的401(k)养老金账户资产带来了19%的增长。通货膨胀有所缓解。尽管如此，很多人还是觉得，离退休所需要的那个“神奇数字”差得很远。
金融服务公司西北互助（Northwestern Mutual）最近对4588名成年人进行的一项调查显示，需要有146万美元才能过上舒适的退休生活。这个数字高于一年前的127万美元。而且比受访者的平均退休储蓄高出100多万美元。
纽约市新学院的社会研究学院（New School for Social Research）经济学家特蕾莎·吉拉尔杜奇（Teresa Ghilarducci）表示，这个不断上升的神奇数字，与其说是展现了人们的退休规划，不如说是揭示了人们的退休焦虑。吉拉尔杜奇补充道，人们并不清楚自己退休后到底需要多少钱，而且往往会高估这一数字。
究竟要为退休存多少钱？对这件事的理解，还因为社保基金（Social Security）的未来充满不确定性，而变得更加复杂。据预测，该养老计划将在10年内耗尽储备，若美国国会不采取行动，相关退休福利将减少23%。
没有一个放之四海而皆准的神奇数字或公式，可以告诉我们攒够多少钱退休才算财务安全。但是你可以用一些经验法则，来衡量自己是否为退休做好了准备。富达投资（Fidelity Investments）设计了一个简便方法：在67岁之前，存下相当于10倍年薪的钱。为了达到目标，富达投资建议从25岁开始，每年存下年收入的15%。
由于工作变动或者健康问题，人们退休的时间往往早于预期。也有人是因为发现自己存够了钱，所以提早退休了。非营利组织“雇员福利研究所”（Employee Benefit Research Institute）2023年对退休人员进行的一项调查显示，受访者中有35%的人表示，他们比原计划提前退休的原因是觉得自己负担得起，这个数字相比于2021年的41%有所下降。
21．D 22．C 23．F 24．A 25．E
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者驾驶电动汽车沿着加州1号公路进行公路旅行的经历，包括对驾驶电动汽车的适应过程、对电池续航的担忧以及此次旅行带来的环保感受等。
21．上文“The California road trip down Highway 1 is iconic.(加州沿着1号公路的公路旅行非常经典)”表明这条路线很有名。D选项“Almost everyone knows about that route.(几乎每个人都知道那条路线)”与上文衔接紧密，进一步强调了该路线的知名度高。故选D项。
22．下文“However, it took me less than 30 minutes to adjust to all these things.(然而，我花了不到30分钟就适应了所有这些事情)”提到作者很快适应了电动汽车，与C选项“I’m not the fastest guy with electronics.(我在使用电子设备方面不是学得最快的人)”构成转折关系，句中“not the fastest guy”与“less than 30 minutes”形成对比。故选C项。
23．上文“My biggest concern at the beginning of this EV road trip was running out of battery life in the middle of nowhere.(这次电动汽车公路旅行开始时，我最大的担忧是在荒郊野外没电了)”以及下文“I had no idea how advanced the infrastructure for EVs would be on my route.(我不知道我路线上的电动汽车基础设施会有多先进)”说明作者之前没有驾驶过环保电动汽车，所以才会有这样的担忧和不确定。F选项“I had never driven an eco-friendly car before.(我以前从未开过环保汽车)”符合上下文语境。故选F项。
24．上文“When I picked up the car, it said I could go more than 250 miles on one charge.(我取车时，显示一次充电可以行驶250多英里)”提出电车的理论续航，A选项“I never tested that on the trip.(我在旅途中从未测试过这个续航里程)”承接上文，说明作者虽然知道理论续航，但在实际旅行中没有去验证，句中“that”指代上文中“more than 250 miles on one charge”。故选A项。
25．上文“Not that EVs don’t pollute at all, but it was a good feeling to not be doing the opposite of what I should do in that beautiful landscape. You’ve got a silent car, you don’t disturb the animals, and you don’t pollute the air.(并不是说电动汽车完全不污染，但在那美丽的风景中，不做与环保相悖的事感觉很好。汽车很安静，不会惊扰动物，也不会污染空气)”强调了电动汽车的环保优势。E选项“It’s a lot more eco-friendly than a normal car.(它比普通汽车环保得多)”总结了前文内容，进一步突出了电动汽车的环保特性。故选E项。
班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________
外刊精选｜存够146万美元才敢退休？美国人也在为养老焦虑
最近的一项调查显示，美国人认为较为理想的养老储蓄金额是146万美元。其中，较为年轻的千禧一代给出的数字是165万美元，较为年长的婴儿潮一代是99万美元；而在2020年，他们的预估要低很多，分别是不到100万美元和83万美元。为什么美国人认为需要攒够这么多钱才敢退休？这反映了什么？
The New Magic Number for Retirement Is $1.46 Million. Here's What It Tells Us.
By Anne Tergesen
The stock market gave 401(k)s a 19% boost last year. Inflation cooled. Still, lots of people feel no closer to hitting their magic number for retirement.
It would take $1.46 million to retire comfortably, according to a recent survey of 4,588 adults by financial-services company Northwestern Mutual. That is up from $1.27 million a year ago. And over $1 million more than the average survey participant's nest egg.
The rising magic number reveals more about retirement anxiety than retirement planning, said Teresa Ghilarducci, an economist at the New School for Social Research in New York City. People don't really know how much money they will need in retirement, and often overestimate it, Ghilarducci said.
Understanding how far retirement savings will go is further complicated by the uncertain future of Social Security. The retirement program is projected to deplete its reserves in a decade, triggering a 23% reduction in benefits unless Congress acts.
There is no single magic number or formula for knowing when it is financially safe to retire. There are rules of thumb to measure your retirement readiness. One shortcut devised by Fidelity Investments, calls for saving 10 times your annual salary by age 67. To hit those targets, Fidelity recommends saving about 15% a year starting at age 25.
People often end up retiring earlier than expected, due to job changes or health issues. Others find they already have enough saved. About 35% of retirees the nonprofit Employee Benefit Research Institute surveyed in 2023 said they retired sooner than planned because they felt they could afford to, down from 41% in 2021.
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.inflation英 [ n fle n] 美 [ n fle n]n. __________________________
2.complicate v. __________________________
3.deplete英 [d pli t] 美 [d pli t]v. __________________________
4.devise英 [d va z] 美 [d va z]v. __________________________
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1.神奇数字，魔法数字_________________________________________
2.（普通民众用来退休之后花的）储备金_________________________________________
3.这告诉我们_________________________________________
4.提振，促进某个事物_________________________________________
5.即使……之后，仍不能……_________________________________________
6.舒适退休_________________________________________
7.提升_________________________________________
8.下降_________________________________________
9.某个现象传递出了 A 信号，而不是 B 信号_______________________________________
10.某个事物可以维持多久、产生多大的影响_________________________________________
11.一个事物因为另一个事物的存在而变得更复杂、更困难___________________________
12.预计会……_________________________________________
13.基于实践经验总结出来的原则、方法_________________________________________
14.设计一种新的教学方法_________________________________________
15.设计一种全新的减少碳排放的方案_________________________________________
16.需要，需求_________________________________________
17.结果是……_________________________________________
18.员工福利研究所_________________________________________
拓展练习阅读理解
The California road trip down Highway 1 is iconic. 21 It’s a dream trip for people who like to drive cars. So when I was offered the opportunity to do that trip in an electric vehicle (EV) — sort of reimagining that classic road trip without contributing to climate change — I decided to give it a try.
I picked up my electric car, a Tesla, at San Francisco International Airport. I was worried that it would have a steep learning curve, but it was really like any other car. 22 However, it took me less than 30 minutes to adjust to all these things. The ride itself was smooth, and it felt the same as driving a traditional car. It had so much power and that surprised me. It can go very fast, very quickly, even on the steep hills the region is known for.
My biggest concern at the beginning of this EV road trip was running out of battery life in the middle of nowhere. 23 I had no idea how advanced the infrastructure for EVs would be on my route. Before I left, I just checked Google Maps for charging stations and a couple of forums to make sure an all-EV road trip was possible, at least in theory.
When I picked up the car, it said I could go more than 250 miles on one charge. 24 I’d also heard that some electric cars use a lot of electricity if you turn on the heat, but I never turned on the heat because it was the perfect temperature during my trip.
Beyond the ease and convenience of ecotourism, it felt good to be driving an EV in this area too. Not that EVs don’t pollute at all, but it was a good feeling to not be doing the opposite of what I should do in that beautiful landscape. You’ve got a silent car, you don’t disturb the animals, and you don’t pollute the air. 25 .
A．I never tested that on the trip.
B．I didn’t like eco-friendly cars at all.
C．I’m not the fastest guy with electronics.
D．Almost everyone knows about that route.
E．It’s a lot more eco-friendly than a normal car.
F．I had never driven an eco-friendly car before.
G．The route is well-known for its rough conditions.
外刊精选答案
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.inflation英 [ n fle n] 美 [ n fle n]n. 通货膨胀
2.complicate v. 使......复杂化
3.deplete英 [d pli t] 美 [d pli t]v. 使枯竭
4.devise英 [d va z] 美 [d va z]v. 设计，发明
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1.magic number神奇数字，魔法数字
2.nest egg （普通民众用来退休之后花的）储备金
3.here's what it tells us这告诉我们
4.give something a boost提振，促进某个事物
5.feel no closer to即使……之后，仍不能……
6.retire comfortably舒适退休
7.up from提升
8.down from 下降
9.reveals more about A than B某个现象传递出了 A 信号，而不是 B 信号
10.how far something will go某个事物可以维持多久、产生多大的影响
11.be complicated by something一个事物因为另一个事物的存在而变得更复杂、更困难
12.be projected to do something预计会……
13.rule of thumb基于实践经验总结出来的原则、方法
14.devise a new teaching method 设计一种新的教学方法
15.devise a new plan to reduce carbon emissions 设计一种全新的减少碳排放的方案
16.call for需要，需求
17.end up doing结果是……
18.Employee Benefit Research Institute员工福利研究所
【全文翻译】
最新的“退休神奇数字”是146万美元，它告诉了我们这些事
去年，股市给美国人的401(k)养老金账户资产带来了19%的增长。通货膨胀有所缓解。尽管如此，很多人还是觉得，离退休所需要的那个“神奇数字”差得很远。
金融服务公司西北互助（Northwestern Mutual）最近对4588名成年人进行的一项调查显示，需要有146万美元才能过上舒适的退休生活。这个数字高于一年前的127万美元。而且比受访者的平均退休储蓄高出100多万美元。
纽约市新学院的社会研究学院（New School for Social Research）经济学家特蕾莎·吉拉尔杜奇（Teresa Ghilarducci）表示，这个不断上升的神奇数字，与其说是展现了人们的退休规划，不如说是揭示了人们的退休焦虑。吉拉尔杜奇补充道，人们并不清楚自己退休后到底需要多少钱，而且往往会高估这一数字。
究竟要为退休存多少钱？对这件事的理解，还因为社保基金（Social Security）的未来充满不确定性，而变得更加复杂。据预测，该养老计划将在10年内耗尽储备，若美国国会不采取行动，相关退休福利将减少23%。
没有一个放之四海而皆准的神奇数字或公式，可以告诉我们攒够多少钱退休才算财务安全。但是你可以用一些经验法则，来衡量自己是否为退休做好了准备。富达投资（Fidelity Investments）设计了一个简便方法：在67岁之前，存下相当于10倍年薪的钱。为了达到目标，富达投资建议从25岁开始，每年存下年收入的15%。
由于工作变动或者健康问题，人们退休的时间往往早于预期。也有人是因为发现自己存够了钱，所以提早退休了。非营利组织“雇员福利研究所”（Employee Benefit Research Institute）2023年对退休人员进行的一项调查显示，受访者中有35%的人表示，他们比原计划提前退休的原因是觉得自己负担得起，这个数字相比于2021年的41%有所下降。
21．D 22．C 23．F 24．A 25．E
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者驾驶电动汽车沿着加州1号公路进行公路旅行的经历，包括对驾驶电动汽车的适应过程、对电池续航的担忧以及此次旅行带来的环保感受等。
21．上文“The California road trip down Highway 1 is iconic.(加州沿着1号公路的公路旅行非常经典)”表明这条路线很有名。D选项“Almost everyone knows about that route.(几乎每个人都知道那条路线)”与上文衔接紧密，进一步强调了该路线的知名度高。故选D项。
22．下文“However, it took me less than 30 minutes to adjust to all these things.(然而，我花了不到30分钟就适应了所有这些事情)”提到作者很快适应了电动汽车，与C选项“I’m not the fastest guy with electronics.(我在使用电子设备方面不是学得最快的人)”构成转折关系，句中“not the fastest guy”与“less than 30 minutes”形成对比。故选C项。
23．上文“My biggest concern at the beginning of this EV road trip was running out of battery life in the middle of nowhere.(这次电动汽车公路旅行开始时，我最大的担忧是在荒郊野外没电了)”以及下文“I had no idea how advanced the infrastructure for EVs would be on my route.(我不知道我路线上的电动汽车基础设施会有多先进)”说明作者之前没有驾驶过环保电动汽车，所以才会有这样的担忧和不确定。F选项“I had never driven an eco-friendly car before.(我以前从未开过环保汽车)”符合上下文语境。故选F项。
24．上文“When I picked up the car, it said I could go more than 250 miles on one charge.(我取车时，显示一次充电可以行驶250多英里)”提出电车的理论续航，A选项“I never tested that on the trip.(我在旅途中从未测试过这个续航里程)”承接上文，说明作者虽然知道理论续航，但在实际旅行中没有去验证，句中“that”指代上文中“more than 250 miles on one charge”。故选A项。
25．上文“Not that EVs don’t pollute at all, but it was a good feeling to not be doing the opposite of what I should do in that beautiful landscape. You’ve got a silent car, you don’t disturb the animals, and you don’t pollute the air.(并不是说电动汽车完全不污染，但在那美丽的风景中，不做与环保相悖的事感觉很好。汽车很安静，不会惊扰动物，也不会污染空气)”强调了电动汽车的环保优势。E选项“It’s a lot more eco-friendly than a normal car.(它比普通汽车环保得多)”总结了前文内容，进一步突出了电动汽车的环保特性。故选E项。