2025届高三英语二轮复习之培优外刊阅读导学案：巧克力要吃不起了？（含答案）
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| 名称 | 2025届高三英语二轮复习之培优外刊阅读导学案：巧克力要吃不起了？（含答案） |  | |
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| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-02-07 23:02:05 | ||
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高三英语培优外刊阅读
班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________
外刊精选｜巧克力要吃不起了？原料价格飙升，涨幅比黄金还猛
不知你是否注意到，最近一段时间，巧克力及相关制品变贵了。究其原因，今天这篇《纽约时报》的文章给出了答案。那就是，制作巧克力的主要原料可可豆，价格飙升。尽管近日有所回落，但仍远高于历史平均水平。可可的价格为何会暴涨？这带来了怎样的影响？
A Failed Crop Rattled the Chocolate Industry. Then Speculators Came.
By J. Edward Moreno
A failed crop, followed by a wave of financial speculation, put cocoa prices on a roller coaster this year, rattling an industry reliant on inexpensive crops and labor.
For much of the past decade, the price of cocoa in one key global benchmark hovered around $2,500 per metric ton. Last year, after poor harvests in West Africa, the price began to creep up — rising to $4,200 a ton by December, a threshold that hadn't been crossed since the 1970s.
Then the financial speculators began to pile in — betting prices would rise further. They pushed the price above $6,000 a ton in February, $9,000 a ton in March and $11,000 a ton in mid-April. Since then, the price has swung wildly, falling nearly 30 percent in just two weeks before bouncing up again. By Thursday, the price was $8,699 a ton.
Chocolate prices are mostly rising. When Hershey and Mondelez, which owns brands like Cadbury and Toblerone, reported earnings recently, the price swings were a big topic of conversation.
Luca Zaramella, the chief financial officer of Mondelez, said, "it's absolutely critical for us to get ready for potentially cocoa staying at these levels." Mondelez could protect its profits, Mr. Zaramella said, by trying to secure large orders of cocoa during market downswings or reducing costs for other inputs, like ingredients.
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.crop n. __________________________
2.rattle英 [ r tl] 美 [ r tl]v. __________________________
3.speculator英 [ spekj le t ] 美 [ spekj le t r]n. __________________________
4.speculate v. __________________________
5.benchmark英 [ bent mɑ k] 美 [ bent mɑ rk]n. __________________________
6.pile n.__________________________
7.bet英 [bet] 美 [bet]v. __________________________
8.swing英 [sw ] 美 [sw ]n. _____________；v. ________________________
9.secure英 [s kj r] 美 [s kj r]adj. _______________；v._______________
10.downswing英 [ da nsw ] 美 [ da nsw ]n. __________________________
11.upswing n. __________________________
12.ingredient英 [ n ɡri di nt] n. __________________________
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1.歉收的农作物_________________________________________
2.预测......_________________________________________
3.投机的行为（名词）_________________________________________
4.使某事经历一系列起伏或极端变化_________________________________________
5.某事经历一系列起伏_________________________________________
6.依赖某人或某事_________________________________________
7.（温度、股价、物价等）盘旋在…_________________________________________
8.（某个事物的价格或数量）缓慢但稳步增长_________________________________________
9.达到一个重要的临界点或水平_________________________________________
10.堆叠，大量蜂拥而至_________________________________________
11.押注100元_________________________________________
12.普遍谈论或讨论的话题_________________________________________
13.（价格、比率、程度等）保持在这样的水平_________________________________________
14.保持在高或者低的水平_________________________________________
15.保持在历史水平_________________________________________
16.敲定一份合同_________________________________________
17.获得奖学金_________________________________________
18.获得胜利_________________________________________
19.经历销量下降_________________________________________
20.消费者信心下降_________________________________________
拓展练习阅读理解
Luck can really feel random, and it can be tough to know how to get good luck. Some individuals get in a temporary dilemma where things don’t go as planned. Others may be convinced they can’t catch a break. 31 It can be consistently attracted through effective strategies.
Maintaining a positive mindset allows you to draw in luck. When you expect good things to happen, you are more likely to take risks that could lead to fortunate outcomes. By embracing this positive attitude, you become stronger in the face of challenges. 32 This allows you to try again after failure and find new opportunities.
33 A wider network leads to more opportunities in your pursuit of fortune. According to psychologist Richard Wiseman, the No. I predictor of how many lucky breaks s person has is how interconnected they are with others. Additionally, the presence of a supportive community and friendships further enhances your chances of experiencing good fortune.
Many lucky breaks occur as a result of bold (大胆的) actions. Even if you’re not typically seen as bold, you can still enhance your confidence. For example, if you’ re feeling unhappy about your career prospects, polish your resume (简历) and apply to job listings that interest you. 34 By welcoming risks, you create opportunities for luck to find you.
Luck favors those who are willing to consider new ideas. Being open to new concepts can help put your good-luck train on a new and faster track. But remember: Stay realistic. It’s not just about the mindset but the consequent actions that will be beneficial. 35
A．These actions help generate ideas.
B．You also bounce back more quickly.
C．Social connections can affect your luck.
D．However, luck is not just a matter of chance.
E．Actually, luck is something you’re born with.
F．Making such a move is tough but well worth it.
G．They are vital to turning opportunities into gains.
外刊精选答案
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.crop n. 农作物，庄稼
2.rattle英 [ r tl] 美 [ r tl]v. 使……持续地发出响声；让某人感到担心、紧张
3.speculator英 [ spekj le t ] 美 [ spekj le t r]n. 投机者
4.speculate v. 猜测，推测，投机
5.benchmark英 [ bent mɑ k] 美 [ bent mɑ rk]n. 基准
6.pile n. 一叠
7.bet英 [bet] 美 [bet]v. 押注
8.swing英 [sw ] 美 [sw ]n. 秋千；波动；v. 摇摆
9.secure英 [s kj r] 美 [s kj r]adj. 安全的；v. 获得某个事物、实现某个事情
10.downswing英 [ da nsw ] 美 [ da nsw ]n. 下跌
11.upswing n. 上行趋势
12.ingredient英 [ n ɡri di nt] n. （食品的）成分、原料;要素，因素
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1.failed crop歉收的农作物
2.speculate about something 预测......
3.speculation n. 投机的行为
4.put something on a roller coaster使某事经历一系列起伏或极端变化
5.something be on a roller coaster 某事经历一系列起伏
6.be reliant on something依赖某人或某事
7.hover around（温度、股价、物价等）盘旋在…
8.creep up（某个事物的价格或数量）缓慢但稳步增长
9.cross a threshold达到一个重要的临界点或水平
10.pile in堆叠，大量蜂拥而至
11.bet 100 yuan 押注100元
12.a big topic of conversation普遍谈论或讨论的话题
13.stay at these levels（价格、比率、程度等）保持在这样的水平
14.stay at high or low levels 保持在高或者低的水平
15.stay at historic levels 保持在历史水平
16.secured a contract 敲定一份合同
17.secure a scholarship 获得奖学金
18.secure victory 获得胜利
19.experience a downswing in sales 经历销量下降
20.a downswing in consumer confidence 消费者信心下降
【全文翻译】
一种作物歉收，让巧克力行业紧张不安。投机者随之而来。
可可这种作物歉收，一波金融投机浪潮随之而来，价格因此在今年呈现过山车式的波动，这让一个依赖廉价作物和劳动力的行业紧张不安。
在过去十年的大部分时间里，一个重要的全球基准价格显示，可可的价格徘徊在每吨2500美元左右。去年，因为西非地区收成不佳，可可的价格开始一路攀升，到12月份已经升至每吨4200美元——这是自1970年代以来从未突破的水平。
随后，大批金融投机者蜂拥而至，押注可可价格会进一步上涨。2月，他们将价格推升至每吨超过6000美元，3月至每吨9000美元，4月中旬至每吨11000美元。此后，可可价格大幅波动，仅在两周内就下降近30%，后又再次反弹。截至本周四（5月9日），可可价格每吨8699美元。
巧克力的价格大都在上涨。近日，好时公司（Hershey）以及旗下拥有吉百利（Cadbury）和瑞士三角巧克力（Toblerone）等品牌的亿滋公司（Mondelez）发布业绩报告，显示价格波动已成为一个重大话题。
亿滋首席财务官卢卡·萨拉梅拉（Luca Zaramella）说：“于我们而言，至关重要的是做好准备，应对可可价格可能会保持在高位的情况。”萨拉梅拉还表示，为了确保利润，公司将尽力在市场价格下跌时拿下大量的可可订单，或是降低配料等方面的其他成本投入。
31．D 32．B 33．C 34．F 35．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何通过有效策略吸引好运。
31．上文“Luck can really feel random, and it can be tough to know how to get good luck.(运气真的感觉很随机，而且很难知道如何获得好运)”提出运气具有随机性，且获得好运很难。D选项“However, luck is not just a matter of chance.(然而，运气不仅仅是偶然的问题)”与上文构成转折关系，指出运气并非仅仅是偶然，引出下文“It can be consistently attracted through effective strategies.(它可以通过有效的策略持续地被吸引)”说明可以通过策略吸引好运。上下文语意衔接自然。故选D项。
32．上文“By embracing this positive attitude, you become stronger in the face of challenges.(通过拥抱这种积极的态度，你在面对挑战时会变得更强)”说明积极态度能使人面对挑战时更强。B选项“You also bounce back more quickly.(你也能更快地恢复)”承接上文，说明积极态度还能使人更快地从挫折中恢复过来，“also”表示并列的递进，引出积极态度的另一个好处。故选B项。
33．下文“A wider network leads to more opportunities in your pursuit of fortune.(更广泛的社交网络会在你追求好运的过程中带来更多的机会)”说明社交网络对追求好运的重要性。C选项“Social connections can affect your luck.(社交关系会影响你的运气)”引出下文，说明社交关系对运气的影响，即更广泛的社交网络能带来更多机会。故选C项。
34．上文“Even if you’re not typically seen as bold, you can still enhance your confidence. For example, if you’ re feeling unhappy about your career prospects, polish your resume and apply to job listings that interest you.(即使你通常并不被认为是大胆的，你仍然可以增强你的自信心。例如，如果你对你的职业前景感到不满意，那就打磨你的简历，申请你感兴趣的工作职位)”建议要大胆行动，如打磨简历、申请感兴趣的工作。F选项“Making such a move is tough but well worth it.(做出这样的举动是艰难的，但非常值得)”承接上文，说明大胆行动虽然艰难但值得，因为这样做能创造机会让好运找到你。故选F项。
35．上文“It’s not just about the mindset but the consequent actions that will be beneficial.(这不仅仅是心态问题，随之而来的行动也将是有益的)”强调行动的重要性。G选项“They are vital to turning opportunities into gains.(它们对于将机会转化为收获至关重要)”承接上文，进一步说明行动对于将机会转化为实际收获的重要性，“They”指代上文“the consequent actions”。故选G项。
班级：____________学号：____________姓名：____________
外刊精选｜巧克力要吃不起了？原料价格飙升，涨幅比黄金还猛
不知你是否注意到，最近一段时间，巧克力及相关制品变贵了。究其原因，今天这篇《纽约时报》的文章给出了答案。那就是，制作巧克力的主要原料可可豆，价格飙升。尽管近日有所回落，但仍远高于历史平均水平。可可的价格为何会暴涨？这带来了怎样的影响？
A Failed Crop Rattled the Chocolate Industry. Then Speculators Came.
By J. Edward Moreno
A failed crop, followed by a wave of financial speculation, put cocoa prices on a roller coaster this year, rattling an industry reliant on inexpensive crops and labor.
For much of the past decade, the price of cocoa in one key global benchmark hovered around $2,500 per metric ton. Last year, after poor harvests in West Africa, the price began to creep up — rising to $4,200 a ton by December, a threshold that hadn't been crossed since the 1970s.
Then the financial speculators began to pile in — betting prices would rise further. They pushed the price above $6,000 a ton in February, $9,000 a ton in March and $11,000 a ton in mid-April. Since then, the price has swung wildly, falling nearly 30 percent in just two weeks before bouncing up again. By Thursday, the price was $8,699 a ton.
Chocolate prices are mostly rising. When Hershey and Mondelez, which owns brands like Cadbury and Toblerone, reported earnings recently, the price swings were a big topic of conversation.
Luca Zaramella, the chief financial officer of Mondelez, said, "it's absolutely critical for us to get ready for potentially cocoa staying at these levels." Mondelez could protect its profits, Mr. Zaramella said, by trying to secure large orders of cocoa during market downswings or reducing costs for other inputs, like ingredients.
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.crop n. __________________________
2.rattle英 [ r tl] 美 [ r tl]v. __________________________
3.speculator英 [ spekj le t ] 美 [ spekj le t r]n. __________________________
4.speculate v. __________________________
5.benchmark英 [ bent mɑ k] 美 [ bent mɑ rk]n. __________________________
6.pile n.__________________________
7.bet英 [bet] 美 [bet]v. __________________________
8.swing英 [sw ] 美 [sw ]n. _____________；v. ________________________
9.secure英 [s kj r] 美 [s kj r]adj. _______________；v._______________
10.downswing英 [ da nsw ] 美 [ da nsw ]n. __________________________
11.upswing n. __________________________
12.ingredient英 [ n ɡri di nt] n. __________________________
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1.歉收的农作物_________________________________________
2.预测......_________________________________________
3.投机的行为（名词）_________________________________________
4.使某事经历一系列起伏或极端变化_________________________________________
5.某事经历一系列起伏_________________________________________
6.依赖某人或某事_________________________________________
7.（温度、股价、物价等）盘旋在…_________________________________________
8.（某个事物的价格或数量）缓慢但稳步增长_________________________________________
9.达到一个重要的临界点或水平_________________________________________
10.堆叠，大量蜂拥而至_________________________________________
11.押注100元_________________________________________
12.普遍谈论或讨论的话题_________________________________________
13.（价格、比率、程度等）保持在这样的水平_________________________________________
14.保持在高或者低的水平_________________________________________
15.保持在历史水平_________________________________________
16.敲定一份合同_________________________________________
17.获得奖学金_________________________________________
18.获得胜利_________________________________________
19.经历销量下降_________________________________________
20.消费者信心下降_________________________________________
拓展练习阅读理解
Luck can really feel random, and it can be tough to know how to get good luck. Some individuals get in a temporary dilemma where things don’t go as planned. Others may be convinced they can’t catch a break. 31 It can be consistently attracted through effective strategies.
Maintaining a positive mindset allows you to draw in luck. When you expect good things to happen, you are more likely to take risks that could lead to fortunate outcomes. By embracing this positive attitude, you become stronger in the face of challenges. 32 This allows you to try again after failure and find new opportunities.
33 A wider network leads to more opportunities in your pursuit of fortune. According to psychologist Richard Wiseman, the No. I predictor of how many lucky breaks s person has is how interconnected they are with others. Additionally, the presence of a supportive community and friendships further enhances your chances of experiencing good fortune.
Many lucky breaks occur as a result of bold (大胆的) actions. Even if you’re not typically seen as bold, you can still enhance your confidence. For example, if you’ re feeling unhappy about your career prospects, polish your resume (简历) and apply to job listings that interest you. 34 By welcoming risks, you create opportunities for luck to find you.
Luck favors those who are willing to consider new ideas. Being open to new concepts can help put your good-luck train on a new and faster track. But remember: Stay realistic. It’s not just about the mindset but the consequent actions that will be beneficial. 35
A．These actions help generate ideas.
B．You also bounce back more quickly.
C．Social connections can affect your luck.
D．However, luck is not just a matter of chance.
E．Actually, luck is something you’re born with.
F．Making such a move is tough but well worth it.
G．They are vital to turning opportunities into gains.
外刊精选答案
【词汇过关】
请写出下面文单词在文章中的中文意思。
1.crop n. 农作物，庄稼
2.rattle英 [ r tl] 美 [ r tl]v. 使……持续地发出响声；让某人感到担心、紧张
3.speculator英 [ spekj le t ] 美 [ spekj le t r]n. 投机者
4.speculate v. 猜测，推测，投机
5.benchmark英 [ bent mɑ k] 美 [ bent mɑ rk]n. 基准
6.pile n. 一叠
7.bet英 [bet] 美 [bet]v. 押注
8.swing英 [sw ] 美 [sw ]n. 秋千；波动；v. 摇摆
9.secure英 [s kj r] 美 [s kj r]adj. 安全的；v. 获得某个事物、实现某个事情
10.downswing英 [ da nsw ] 美 [ da nsw ]n. 下跌
11.upswing n. 上行趋势
12.ingredient英 [ n ɡri di nt] n. （食品的）成分、原料;要素，因素
【词块学习】
请从文章中找到下面中文相对应的文词块。
1.failed crop歉收的农作物
2.speculate about something 预测......
3.speculation n. 投机的行为
4.put something on a roller coaster使某事经历一系列起伏或极端变化
5.something be on a roller coaster 某事经历一系列起伏
6.be reliant on something依赖某人或某事
7.hover around（温度、股价、物价等）盘旋在…
8.creep up（某个事物的价格或数量）缓慢但稳步增长
9.cross a threshold达到一个重要的临界点或水平
10.pile in堆叠，大量蜂拥而至
11.bet 100 yuan 押注100元
12.a big topic of conversation普遍谈论或讨论的话题
13.stay at these levels（价格、比率、程度等）保持在这样的水平
14.stay at high or low levels 保持在高或者低的水平
15.stay at historic levels 保持在历史水平
16.secured a contract 敲定一份合同
17.secure a scholarship 获得奖学金
18.secure victory 获得胜利
19.experience a downswing in sales 经历销量下降
20.a downswing in consumer confidence 消费者信心下降
【全文翻译】
一种作物歉收，让巧克力行业紧张不安。投机者随之而来。
可可这种作物歉收，一波金融投机浪潮随之而来，价格因此在今年呈现过山车式的波动，这让一个依赖廉价作物和劳动力的行业紧张不安。
在过去十年的大部分时间里，一个重要的全球基准价格显示，可可的价格徘徊在每吨2500美元左右。去年，因为西非地区收成不佳，可可的价格开始一路攀升，到12月份已经升至每吨4200美元——这是自1970年代以来从未突破的水平。
随后，大批金融投机者蜂拥而至，押注可可价格会进一步上涨。2月，他们将价格推升至每吨超过6000美元，3月至每吨9000美元，4月中旬至每吨11000美元。此后，可可价格大幅波动，仅在两周内就下降近30%，后又再次反弹。截至本周四（5月9日），可可价格每吨8699美元。
巧克力的价格大都在上涨。近日，好时公司（Hershey）以及旗下拥有吉百利（Cadbury）和瑞士三角巧克力（Toblerone）等品牌的亿滋公司（Mondelez）发布业绩报告，显示价格波动已成为一个重大话题。
亿滋首席财务官卢卡·萨拉梅拉（Luca Zaramella）说：“于我们而言，至关重要的是做好准备，应对可可价格可能会保持在高位的情况。”萨拉梅拉还表示，为了确保利润，公司将尽力在市场价格下跌时拿下大量的可可订单，或是降低配料等方面的其他成本投入。
31．D 32．B 33．C 34．F 35．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何通过有效策略吸引好运。
31．上文“Luck can really feel random, and it can be tough to know how to get good luck.(运气真的感觉很随机，而且很难知道如何获得好运)”提出运气具有随机性，且获得好运很难。D选项“However, luck is not just a matter of chance.(然而，运气不仅仅是偶然的问题)”与上文构成转折关系，指出运气并非仅仅是偶然，引出下文“It can be consistently attracted through effective strategies.(它可以通过有效的策略持续地被吸引)”说明可以通过策略吸引好运。上下文语意衔接自然。故选D项。
32．上文“By embracing this positive attitude, you become stronger in the face of challenges.(通过拥抱这种积极的态度，你在面对挑战时会变得更强)”说明积极态度能使人面对挑战时更强。B选项“You also bounce back more quickly.(你也能更快地恢复)”承接上文，说明积极态度还能使人更快地从挫折中恢复过来，“also”表示并列的递进，引出积极态度的另一个好处。故选B项。
33．下文“A wider network leads to more opportunities in your pursuit of fortune.(更广泛的社交网络会在你追求好运的过程中带来更多的机会)”说明社交网络对追求好运的重要性。C选项“Social connections can affect your luck.(社交关系会影响你的运气)”引出下文，说明社交关系对运气的影响，即更广泛的社交网络能带来更多机会。故选C项。
34．上文“Even if you’re not typically seen as bold, you can still enhance your confidence. For example, if you’ re feeling unhappy about your career prospects, polish your resume and apply to job listings that interest you.(即使你通常并不被认为是大胆的，你仍然可以增强你的自信心。例如，如果你对你的职业前景感到不满意，那就打磨你的简历，申请你感兴趣的工作职位)”建议要大胆行动，如打磨简历、申请感兴趣的工作。F选项“Making such a move is tough but well worth it.(做出这样的举动是艰难的，但非常值得)”承接上文，说明大胆行动虽然艰难但值得，因为这样做能创造机会让好运找到你。故选F项。
35．上文“It’s not just about the mindset but the consequent actions that will be beneficial.(这不仅仅是心态问题，随之而来的行动也将是有益的)”强调行动的重要性。G选项“They are vital to turning opportunities into gains.(它们对于将机会转化为收获至关重要)”承接上文，进一步说明行动对于将机会转化为实际收获的重要性，“They”指代上文“the consequent actions”。故选G项。