Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?知识点及练习（含答案） 2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级下册

2025学年人教版英语 八年级下册Unit5知识点及练习
一、重点词汇
1. 描述天气状况的词汇
rainstorm：名词，意为“暴风雨”。例如：The rainstorm was really strong last night.（昨晚的暴风雨非常猛烈。）
wind：名词，意为“风”，其形容词形式为“windy”，意为“多风的”。例如：The wind blew the leaves off the trees.（风把树上的叶子吹落了。）
rain：可作名词，意为“雨”；也可作动词，意为“下雨”。形容词形式为“rainy”，意为“下雨的”。例如：It's raining heavily.（雨下得很大。）There was a lot of rain last week.（上周下了很多雨。）
snow：同样可作名词和动词，分别表示“雪”和“下雪”，形容词“snowy”表示“下雪的”。例如：It often snows in winter here.（这里冬天经常下雪。）The snowy weather made the road slippery.（下雪的天气使道路很滑。）
2. 表示突然发生的动作或情况的词汇
suddenly：副词，意为“突然；忽然”，常用来修饰动词，表示动作的突然发生。例如：Suddenly, the lights went out.（突然，灯灭了。）
alarm：名词，意为“闹钟；警报”。例如：The alarm clock woke me up this morning.（今天早上闹钟把我吵醒了。）
3. 描述动作状态或程度的词汇
heavily：副词，意为“在很大程度上；大量地”，常用来修饰表示下雨、下雪、刮风等天气状况的动词，强调程度。例如：It was raining heavily when I left home.（我离开家时雨下得很大。）
completely：副词，意为“彻底地；完全地”，用于加强形容词或动词的程度。例如：I was completely shocked by the news.（我对这个消息完全震惊了。）
二、重点短语
1. 与天气相关的短语
go off：（闹钟）发出响声；（灯）熄灭；（电器设备等）停止运转。例如：My alarm clock didn't go off this morning, so I was late for school.（我今天早上闹钟没响，所以上学迟到了。）The lights went off suddenly during the storm.（暴风雨期间灯突然熄灭了。）
pick up：（尤指偶然地、无意地）获得；学会；捡起；接载（某人）。例如：He picked up some English by watching English movies.（他通过看英语电影学会了一些英语。）Please pick up the book on the floor.（请捡起地上的那本书。）I'll pick you up at the station.（我会去车站接你。）
2. 描述事件发生过程的短语
at the time of：在……的时候。例如：What were you doing at the time of the earthquake （地震发生的时候你正在做什么？）
wait for：等待。例如：She was waiting for the bus when I saw her.（我看见她的时候她正在等公交车。）
make sure：确保；查明。例如：Make sure you turn off the lights before you leave the room.（确保你离开房间前把灯关掉。）
三、重点句型
1. 过去进行时的一般疑问句及其回答
句型结构：Was/Were + 主语 + 动词的现在分词 + 其他？
回答方式：肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + was/were.；否定回答：No, 主语 + wasn't/weren't.
例如：
—Were you watching TV at 8:00 last night （昨晚八点你正在看电视吗？）
—Yes, I was.（是的，我正在看。）
—No, I wasn't.（不，我没在看。）
2. 过去进行时的特殊疑问句
句型结构：特殊疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 动词的现在分词 + 其他？
例如：
What were you doing when the rainstorm came （暴风雨来的时候你正在做什么？）
Where were you going when I saw you this morning （今天早上我看见你的时候你正要去哪里？）
四、语法知识：过去进行时
1. 定义
过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。这一动作在过去某个时间点或时间段内处于进行状态，而不是已经完成的状态。
2. 构成
过去进行时由“was/were + 动词的现在分词”构成。
was用于第一人称单数（I）和第三人称单数（he/she/it等）。
were用于第二人称单数（you）、第一人称复数（we）、第二人称复数（you）和第三人称复数（they等）。
例如：
I was reading a book at 8:00 last night.（昨晚八点我正在读一本书。）
He was playing football when it started to rain.（开始下雨的时候他正在踢足球。）
They were having a party while I was doing my homework.（我在做作业的时候他们正在开派对。）
3. 时间状语标志
常与过去进行时连用的时间状语有：at this time yesterday（昨天这个时候）、at that time（在那时）、at 8:00 last night（昨晚八点）、while（当……时候，强调主句和从句动作同时进行）、when（当……时候，既可以指时间点，也可以指时间段，从句动作可以先于主句动作发生）等。
例如：
While I was cooking, my sister was watching TV.（我做饭的时候，我妹妹正在看电视。）
When the teacher came in, we were talking loudly.（老师进来的时候，我们正在大声说话。）
4. 用法
表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作：
例如：I was sleeping when the alarm clock went off.（闹钟响的时候我正在睡觉。）
表示过去某一段时间内正在进行的动作：
例如：From 7:00 to 9:00 last night, they were having a meeting.（昨晚七点到九点，他们正在开会。）
用于描述一个动作发生时，另一个动作正在进行：
例如：She was walking in the park when she saw an old friend.（她在公园散步的时候看到了一位老朋友。）此时，“看到老朋友”这个动作发生在“在公园散步”这个正在进行的动作过程中。
一、单项选择（每题 1 分，共 15 分）
—What were you doing when the rainstorm came
—I ________ my clothes.
A. wash B. washed C. am washing D. was washing
While my mother ________ dinner, my father was watching TV.
A. cooked B. was cooking C. cooks D. is cooking
The storm was ________ heavily when I left the house.
A. beat B. beats C. beating D. beated
—________ did you do last night
—I watched TV at home.
A. What B. Where C. When D. Why
—________ did the rainstorm come
—At about 8:00 last night.
A. What B. Where C. When D. Why
The radio says there will be a heavy rain ________ this afternoon.
A. some times B. sometime C. some time D. sometimes
When the accident happened, I ________ to school.
A. walk B. walked C. was walking D. am walking
I was so tired that I ________ asleep quickly last night.
A. fall B. fell C. feel D. felt
The news on TV ________ that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.
A. reported B. reports C. report D. reporting
My parents were ________ shocked when they heard the news.
A. complete B. completely C. completion D. completing
—I called you at 8:00 last night, but you didn't answer.
—Oh, I ________ a shower at that time.
A. take B. took C. was taking D. am taking
________ I was walking in the street, I saw an old friend.
A. Since B. While C. Although D. If
The wind was ________ strongly when the plane took off.
A. blow B. blows C. blew D. blowing
We were having a party when the light ________.
A. go off B. goes off C. went off D. is going off
The earthquake happened and many people were ________ danger.
A. at B. in C. on D. of
二、完形填空（每题 1 分，共 10 分）
It was a dark and stormy night. I was sitting in my room 16 the wind was blowing and the rain was beating 17 the windows. I was reading a book when suddenly the light 18. I put down my book and decided to go to bed.
Just as I was lying in bed, I heard a strange noise. It 19 like a cry for help. I got up and looked out of the window, but I couldn't see 20. I decided to go outside to see what was going on.
When I opened the door, the wind blew strongly and the rain poured down. I 21 my flashlight and walked into the yard. There was a tree in the yard. The wind was so strong that the tree was 22. I was a little scared.
Suddenly, I saw something moving under the tree. It was a small cat. It was wet and 23. I picked it up and took it into the house. I dried it with a towel and gave it some food. The cat 24 me and seemed to be very thankful.
The next morning, the storm was over. The sun was shining brightly. I took the cat to the vet (兽医) to make sure it was healthy. Then I found a new 25 for it. I was happy that I could help the little cat.
16. A. while B. when C. since D. although
17. A. at B. on C. in D. to
18. A. went off B. put off C. took off D. got off
19. A. listened B. heard C. sounded D. smelt
20. A. something B. anything C. nothing D. everything
21. A. turned on B. turned off C. turned up D. turned down
22. A. shaking B. shaking C. to shake D. shakes
23. A. happy B. excited C. scared D. angry
24. A. looked at B. looked for C. looked after D. looked up
25. A. family B. home C. house D. room
三、阅读理解（每题 2 分，共 20 分）
A
It was a sunny day. I was walking in the park with my friend Lily. We were talking and laughing when suddenly a big black dog ran towards us. Lily was very scared. She started to run away, but the dog followed her.
I shouted at the dog, but it didn't stop. I quickly picked up a stick and waved it at the dog. The dog was a little afraid and stopped. Lily stopped running and came back to me.
We were both a little shaken up. We decided to leave the park and go home. On the way home, we talked about what had happened. Lily said she had never been so scared in her life. I told her it was okay and that the dog didn't hurt us.
When we got home, we told our parents what had happened. They were worried about us. They told us to be careful when we went out.
26. What was the weather like that day
A. Rainy. B. Cloudy. C. Sunny. D. Windy.
27. What was the writer doing when the dog ran towards them
A. Walking in the park. B. Running in the park.
C. Playing with the dog. D. Talking to Lily at home.
28. How did Lily feel when the dog ran towards her
A. Happy. B. Scared. C. Excited. D. Angry.
29. What did the writer do to stop the dog
A. Shouted at it. B. Picked up a stick and waved it at the dog.
C. Kicked it. D. Ran away.
30. What did their parents tell them
A. To go to the park again. B. To be careful when they went out.
C. To buy a dog. D. To stay at home all the time.
B
One day, while I was walking to school, I saw a car accident. A car hit a bike. The bike rider was hurt badly. There was blood on the ground.
I quickly ran to the bike rider. I asked him if he was okay, but he couldn't answer. I called 120 right away. While I was waiting for the ambulance (救护车), I tried to make the bike rider comfortable. I covered him with my coat.
Some other people also came to help. They asked the bike rider some questions, but he still couldn't answer. We were all very worried.
Finally, the ambulance came and took the bike rider to the hospital. I hope he will be okay.
31. What did the writer see while walking to school
A. A car. B. A bike. C. A car accident. D. An ambulance.
32. How was the bike rider
A. He was fine. B. He was hurt badly. C. He could walk. D. He was dead.
33. What did the writer do first
A. Called 120. B. Ran to the bike rider.
C. Covered the bike rider with his coat. D. Asked the bike rider some questions.
34. Who came to help the bike rider
A. Only the writer. B. Some other people.
C. The driver of the car. D. The writer's parents.
35. What happened to the bike rider in the end
A. He went home by himself. B. The writer took him to the hospital.
C. The ambulance took him to the hospital. D. He died.
四、词汇运用（每题 1 分，共 10 分）
A. 根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。
36. The rain was b________ (敲打) against the window.
37. The news on TV r________ (报道) that there was a traffic accident.
38. The wind is blowing s________ (强烈地).
39. When the accident happened, I was c________ (完全地) shocked.
40. The sun r________ (升起) in the east every day.
B. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
41. While my mother was cooking, I ________ (watch) TV.
42. The storm ________ (break) many trees last night.
43. When I got home, my father ________ (read) a newspaper.
44. She was so tired that she fell ________ (sleep) quickly.
45. We ________ (play) football when it started to rain.
五、根据汉语意思完成句子（每题 2 分，共 10 分）
当暴风雨来的时候，你正在做什么？
What were you doing ________ the rainstorm ________
我正在睡觉的时候，闹钟响了。
I was sleeping when the alarm ________ ________.
他如此害怕以至于他一句话也说不出来。
He was ________ scared ________ he couldn't say a word.
当我看到他的时候，他正在等公交车。
When I saw him, he ________ ________ ________ the bus.
昨天晚上八点你妹妹在做什么？
What was your sister doing ________ 8:00 last night
六、补全对话（每题 2 分，共 10 分）
A: Hi, Jack! What were you doing at 7:00 last night
B: 51 What about you
A: I was watching a movie at home. 52
B: No, I didn't. I was too busy.
A: 53
B: I was helping my mother do housework. She was very tired.
A: 54
B: Yes, I am. I think doing housework can make me learn to be independent.
A: That's right. 55
B: I usually do housework on weekends. How about you
A: I sometimes do housework, too.
A. Do you often do housework
B. When do you usually do housework
C. I was doing my homework.
D. What were you doing
E. Did you watch the movie
七、书面表达（15 分）
根据下面的提示，写一篇短文描述昨天下午发生暴风雨时你和你的家人正在做什么。
提示：
昨天下午，暴风雨来临，天空变得黑暗，风刮得很猛，雨下得很大；
你正在房间里做家庭作业；
爸爸正在客厅里看电视；
妈妈正在厨房里做饭；
你的宠物狗 Coco 很害怕，躲在桌子下面。
要求：
词数 80 - 100；
可适当发挥，以使行文连贯；
开头已给出，不计入总词数。
Yesterday afternoon, a heavy rainstorm came.
答案解析
一、单项选择
D
解析：问句询问“当暴风雨来的时候你正在做什么”，强调过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，其结构是 was/were + 动词的现在分词。主语是 I，be 动词用 was，wash 的现在分词是 washing，所以选 D。
B
解析：while 引导的时间状语从句强调主句和从句的动作同时进行，都用进行时态。根据“my father was watching TV”可知从句也用过去进行时，结构为 was/were + 动词的现在分词，主语是 my mother，be 动词用 was，cook 的现在分词是 cooking，所以选 B。
C
解析：be 动词后面不能直接跟动词原形或第三人称单数形式，所以 A 和 B 选项错误；beat 的过去式是 beat，过去分词是 beaten，beated 形式错误；这里表示暴风雨正在猛烈敲打，用过去进行时，其结构是 was/were + 动词的现在分词，beat 的现在分词是 beating，所以选 C。
A
解析：根据答语“I watched TV at home.”可知问句是询问对方昨晚做了什么。What 意为“什么”，对事物提问；Where 意为“哪里”，对地点提问；When 意为“什么时候”，对时间提问；Why 意为“为什么”，对原因提问。所以选 A。
C
解析：根据答语“At about 8:00 last night.”可知问句是询问暴风雨到来的时间。What 对事物提问；Where 对地点提问；When 对时间提问；Why 对原因提问。所以选 C。
B
解析：some times 表示“几次”；sometime 表示“某个时候”，可用于将来或过去；some time 表示“一段时间”；sometimes 表示“有时”。这里说今天下午某个时候会有大雨，用 sometime，所以选 B。
C
解析：根据“When the accident happened”可知，这里表示事故发生时“我”正在做的事情，用过去进行时，结构是 was/were + 动词的现在分词。主语是 I，be 动词用 was，walk 的现在分词是 walking，所以选 C。
B
解析：fall asleep 是固定短语，意为“入睡”。根据“last night”可知句子时态是一般过去时，fall 的过去式是 fell，所以选 B。
A
解析：根据“a heavy rainstorm was in the area”可知句子时态是一般过去时，report（报道）的过去式是 reported，所以选 A。
B
解析：shocked 是形容词，前面要用副词修饰。complete 是形容词，意为“完整的”；completely 是副词，意为“完全地”；completion 是名词，意为“完成”；completing 是动词 complete 的现在分词。这里表示“完全震惊”，用 completely，所以选 B。
C
解析：根据“at that time”（在那个时候，指昨晚 8 点）可知，这里表示过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，用过去进行时，结构是 was/were + 动词的现在分词。主语是 I，be 动词用 was，take 的现在分词是 taking，所以选 C。
B
解析：Since 意为“自从；既然”；While 意为“当……时候”，强调主句和从句的动作同时进行，从句常用进行时态；Although 意为“虽然，尽管”；If 意为“如果”。这里表示“当我正在街上走的时候，我看到了一个老朋友”，用 While 引导时间状语从句，所以选 B。
D
解析：was 后面不能直接跟动词原形或第三人称单数形式，所以 A 和 B 选项错误；blew 是 blow 的过去式；be 动词后面跟动词的现在分词构成进行时态，这里表示“风正在强烈地刮着”，用过去进行时，blow 的现在分词是 blowing，所以选 D。
C
解析：根据“We were having a party”可知句子时态是一般过去时，go off（发出响声；熄灭）的过去式是 went off，所以选 C。
B
解析：in danger 是固定短语，意为“处于危险中”，所以选 B。
二、完形填空
A
解析：while 引导时间状语从句时，强调主句和从句的动作同时进行，都用进行时态。这里“
A
解析：while 引导时间状语从句时，强调主句和从句的动作同时进行，都用进行时态。这里“the wind was blowing and the rain was beating...”和“I was sitting in my room”两个动作同时进行，用 while 引导，选 A。when 也可引导时间状语从句，但更强调某个时间点；since 表示“自从；既然”；although 表示“虽然，尽管”，均不符合语境。
B
解析：beat on 是固定搭配，表示“反复敲打”，这里指雨敲打着窗户，用 on，选 B。at 表示“在（小地点；具体时间点）”；in 表示“在（大地点；一段时间）”；to 表示“到，向”。
A
解析：go off 意为“发出响声；熄灭；突然停止运转”；put off 意为“推迟”；take off 意为“起飞；脱下”；get off 意为“下车”。根据语境，这里说灯突然熄灭了，用 go off，且文章时态是一般过去时，go 的过去式是 went，所以选 A。
C
解析：listen 是不及物动词，强调“听”的动作，常与 to 搭配；hear 强调“听到”的结果；sound 意为“听起来”，是系动词，后接形容词或 like 短语；smell 意为“闻起来”。这里表示“听起来像求救声”，用 sound like，且文章时态是一般过去时，sound 的过去式是 sounded，选 C。
B
解析：something 一般用于肯定句，表示“某事，某物”；anything 一般用于否定句或疑问句，表示“任何事，任何物”；nothing 表示“没有什么”；everything 表示“一切事物”。本句是否定句，意思是“我什么也没看到”，用 anything，选 B。
A
解析：turn on 意为“打开（电器、灯等）”；turn off 意为“关闭（电器、灯等）”；turn up 意为“调高（音量等）；出现”；turn down 意为“调低（音量等）；拒绝”。这里说打开手电筒，用 turn on，且文章时态是一般过去时，turn 的过去式是 turned，选 A。
B
解析：根据“The wind was so strong”可知，树在摇晃。这里表示当时树正在摇晃，用过去进行时，结构是 was/were + 动词的现在分词，shake 的现在分词是 shaking，选 B。
C
解析：happy 意为“高兴的”；excited 意为“兴奋的”；scared 意为“害怕的”；angry 意为“生气的”。根据前文描述的暴风雨以及“It was wet”和后文“I was a little scared”的语境，可知小猫又湿又害怕，选 C。
A
解析：look at 意为“看”；look for 意为“寻找”；look after 意为“照顾”；look up 意为“查阅；向上看”。这里说小猫看着我，用 look at，且文章时态是一般过去时，look 的过去式是 looked，选 A。
B
解析：family 强调家庭成员；home 强调“家”的概念，包括居住的地方和家人；house 强调“房子”；room 指“房间”。这里说给小猫找一个新家，用 home，选 B。
三、阅读理解
A
C
解析：根据文章第一句“It was a sunny day.”可知，那天天气晴朗，选 C。
A
解析：根据“I was walking in the park with my friend Lily. We were talking and laughing when suddenly a big black dog ran towards us.”可知，当狗朝他们跑过来时，作者正在公园里散步，选 A。
B
解析：根据“Lily was very scared. She started to run away”可知，Lily 感到很害怕，选 B。
B
解析：根据“I quickly picked up a stick and waved it at the dog.”可知，作者捡起一根棍子朝狗挥舞来阻止它，选 B。
B
解析：根据“When we got home, we told our parents what had happened. They were worried about us. They told us to be careful when we went out.”可知，他们的父母告诉他们出去时要小心，选 B。
B
C
解析：根据“One day, while I was walking to school, I saw a car accident.”可知，作者在步行去学校的路上看到了一起车祸，选 C。
B
解析：根据“A car hit a bike. The bike rider was hurt badly.”可知，骑自行车的人伤得很重，选 B。
B
解析：根据“I quickly ran to the bike rider.”可知，作者首先跑到骑自行车的人那里，选 B。
B
解析：根据“Some other people also came to help.”可知，一些其他人也来帮助骑自行车的人，选 B。
C
解析：根据“Finally, the ambulance came and took the bike rider to the hospital.”可知，最后救护车来了，把骑自行车的人送到了医院，选 C。
四、词汇运用
A
beating
解析：根据首字母及汉语提示，“敲打”是 beat，前面有 was，这里用过去进行时，结构是 was + 动词的现在分词，beat 的现在分词是 beating，所以填 beating。
reported
解析：根据首字母及汉语提示，“报道”是 report，根据“there was a traffic accident”可知句子时态是一般过去时，report 的过去式是 reported，所以填 reported。
strongly
解析：根据首字母及汉语提示，“强烈地”是 strongly，在句中修饰动词 blowing，所以填 strongly。
completely
解析：根据首字母及汉语提示，“完全地”是 completely，在句中修饰形容词 shocked，所以填 completely。
rises
解析：根据首字母及汉语提示，“升起”是 rise，“The sun rises in the east every day.”是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语 The sun 是第三人称单数，动词用第三人称单数形式 rises，所以填 rises。
B
was watching
解析：while 引导时间状语从句，强调主句和从句的动作同时进行，都用进行时态。根据“While my mother was cooking”可知主句也用过去进行时，结构是 was/were + 动词的现在分词，主语是 I，be 动词用 was，watch 的现在分词是 watching，所以填 was watching。
broke
解析：根据“last night”可知句子时态是一般过去时，break（打破，折断）的过去式是 broke，所以填 broke。
was reading
解析：When引导的时间状语从句，从句动作“got home”是一般过去时，主句表示在过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，要用过去进行时，其结构为was/were + 动词的现在分词。主语是my father，be动词用was，read的现在分词是reading，所以填was reading。
asleep
解析：fall asleep是固定短语，意为“入睡”，这里已经给出了fall，所以后面填asleep。
were playing
解析：when引导的时间状语从句，从句动作“started to rain”是一般过去时，主句表示在过去某个时间点正在进行的动作，要用过去进行时，其结构为was/were + 动词的现在分词。主语是We，be动词用were，play的现在分词是playing，所以填were playing。
五、根据汉语意思完成句子
when; came
解析：“当……时候”用when引导时间状语从句，“来”是come，根据前面的were doing可知句子是过去进行时，这里说暴风雨来的时候，come要用过去式came，所以填when; came。
went off
解析：“闹钟响”常用短语go off来表示，根据前面的was sleeping可知句子是过去进行时，这里说闹钟响这个动作发生在过去，go要用过去式went，所以填went off。
so; that
解析：“如此……以至于……”用so...that...来表达，so后面接形容词或副词，that后面接句子，这里scared是形容词，所以填so; that。
was waiting for
解析：“等待”是wait for，根据前面的When I saw him可知句子是过去进行时，主语是he，be动词用was，wait的现在分词是waiting，所以填was waiting for。
at
解析：在具体的时间点前用介词at，“八点”是具体时间点，所以填at。
六、补全对话
C
解析：根据上文“What were you doing at 7:00 last night ”可知是询问昨晚七点正在做什么，C选项“I was doing my homework.”（我正在做家庭作业。）符合语境，回答了当时正在做的事情，所以选C。
E
解析：根据下文“No, I didn't. I was too busy.”可知上文是一个一般疑问句，且是用助动词did提问的，E选项“Did you watch the movie ”（你看那部电影了吗？）符合语境，所以选E。
D
解析：根据下文“I was helping my mother do housework.”可知上文是询问当时正在做什么，D选项“What were you doing ”（你正在做什么？）符合语境，所以选D。
A
解析：根据下文“Yes, I am. I think doing housework can make me learn to be independent.”可知上文是一个一般疑问句，且是关于是否经常做家务的询问，A选项“Do you often do housework ”（你经常做家务吗？）符合语境，所以选A。
B
解析：根据下文“I usually do housework on weekends.”可知上文是询问通常什么时候做家务，B选项“When do you usually do housework ”（你通常什么时候做家务？）符合语境，所以选B。
七、书面表达
Yesterday afternoon, a heavy rainstorm came. The sky became dark. The wind blew strongly and the rain poured down.
I was doing my homework in my room. My father was watching TV in the living room. My mother was cooking in the kitchen. Our pet dog Coco was very scared and hid under the table.
We were all a little nervous during the rainstorm. But we knew it would pass soon. When it stopped, we all felt relaxed.