Unit6An old man tried to move the mountains.知识点及练习（含解析） 人教版八年级下册

2025学年人教版英语 八年级下册Unit6知识点及练习
一、重点词汇
1. shoot (v.) 射击；射中
- 例句：He shot an arrow at the target.
2. stone (n.) 石头
- 例句：The road was covered with stones.
3. hide (v.) 隐藏；躲藏
- 例句：The children hid behind the tree.
4. remind (v.) 提醒；使想起
- 例句：This song reminds me of my childhood.
5. stupid (adj.) 愚蠢的
- 例句：It was stupid of him to make such a mistake.
6. magic (adj.) 有魔力的
- 例句：The magic trick amazed everyone.
7. brave (adj.) 勇敢的
- 例句：He is a brave soldier.
8. couple (n.) 一对；夫妇
- 例句：They are a happy couple.
9. smile (v.) 微笑
- 例句：She smiled at me warmly.
10. gold (n.) 黄金
- 例句：The ring is made of gold.
二、重点短语
1. try to do sth. 试图做某事
- 例句：He tried to solve the problem by himself.
2. once upon a time 从前
- 例句：Once upon a time, there was a beautiful princess.
3. give up 放弃
- 例句：Don’t give up, you can do it!
4. instead of 代替；而不是
- 例句：He chose tea instead of coffee.
5. remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事
- 例句：This photo reminds me of my school days.
6. a little bit 一点儿
- 例句：I feel a little bit tired today.
7. keep doing sth. 继续做某事
- 例句：He kept working until midnight.
8. turn...into... 把……变成……
- 例句：The witch turned the prince into a frog.
9. get married 结婚
- 例句：They got married last year.
10. make a plan 制定计划
- 例句：We need to make a plan for the trip.
三、重点语法
1. 动词不定式 (to do) 作宾语
- 动词不定式可以跟在某些动词后面作宾语，表示动作的目的或意图。
- 常见动词：want, try, decide, hope, plan, agree, refuse 等。
- 例句：
- He wants to buy a new car.
- They decided to go hiking this weekend.
2. 动词不定式的否定形式
- 在 to 前面加 not。
- 例句：
- She decided not to go to the party.
- He promised not to be late again.
3. 动词不定式作宾语补足语
- 某些动词后接宾语时，需要用动词不定式作宾语补足语。
- 常见动词：ask, tell, want, teach, encourage 等。
- 例句：
- My teacher asked me to read the text aloud.
- She told him to wait outside.
4. 动词不定式作目的状语
- 动词不定式可以表示动作的目的，常翻译为“为了……”。
- 例句：
- He went to the library to borrow some books.
- She studies hard to get good grades.
四、重点句型
1. What do you think of... 你认为……怎么样？
- 例句：What do you think of this movie
2. Why don’t you... 你为什么不……？
- 例句：Why don’t you ask the teacher for help
3. It’s + adj. + to do sth. 做某事是……的。
- 例句：It’s important to learn English well.
4. I think... 我认为……
- 例句：I think this story is very interesting.
5. How about... ……怎么样？
- 例句：How about going to the park this afternoon
人教版英语八年级下册第六单元知识点测试卷
一、单项选择（每题1分，共15分）
—What do you think of the story of Yu Gong
—It's a great story that shows the power of ________.
A. spirit B. spirits C. courage D. determination
The old man tried ________ the mountains away by himself.
A. move B. to move C. moving D. moved
Yu Gong said that his family could continue ________ the work after he died.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. did
It's not easy for us ________ the high mountains.
A. climb B. to climb C. climbing D. climbed
The story of Yu Gong is ________ a traditional Chinese story.
A. kind of B. kinds of C. a kind of D. all kinds of
—How does the story begin
—Once upon a time, there was a man ________ Yu Gong.
A. call B. called C. calling D. to call
The gods were so moved by Yu Gong's spirit that they sent two gods ________ the mountains away.
A. take B. to take C. taking D. took
My sister ________ this book since last week. She really likes it.
A. has read B. read C. reads D. is reading
—________ have you been learning English
—For about five years.
A. How long B. How often C. How soon D. How far
She ________ to the radio when I came in.
A. listens B. was listening C. listened D. has listened
The little girl is afraid of ________ alone in the dark.
A. be B. being C. to be D. is
We should learn from Yu Gong's ________ to solve problems.
A. spirit B. spirits C. courage D. determination
—Have you ever seen the movie about Yu Gong
—No, I haven't. But I ________ it this weekend.
A. see B. saw C. will see D. am seeing
The two mountains were very high and big, ________ it took a long time to walk to the other side.
A. so B. because C. but D. or
Yu Gong's family worked hard day by day, and they never ________.
A. gave up B. gave in C. gave out D. gave away
二、完形填空（每题1分，共10分）
Once upon a time, there was an old man named Li. He lived at the foot of a big mountain. The mountain was so 16 that it blocked the way to the outside world. People in the village had to walk a long way around the mountain to get to the nearest town.
Old Li was a 17 man. He thought about how to make it easier for people to get to the town. One day, he came up with an idea. He decided to 18 a tunnel through the mountain.
It was a very difficult task. But Old Li didn't 19. He started to work on it with some other villagers. They used simple tools like shovels and picks to dig the tunnel.
Day by day, the tunnel grew longer. But it also brought many problems. Sometimes the soil was too hard to dig, and sometimes there were rocks that needed to be removed. But Old Li and the other villagers 20 on.
After several years of hard work, the tunnel was finally completed. People in the village could now go to the town directly through the tunnel. It saved them a lot of time and energy.
Old Li's story spread quickly. People were all 21 by his determination and hard work. They said that Old Li was like Yu Gong, who tried to move the mountains to make life better for others.
16. A. high B. low C. wide D. narrow
17. A. kind B. lazy C. selfish D. cruel
18. A. build B. break C. find D. close
19. A. stop B. continue C. start D. rest
20. A. stopped B. continued C. started D. rested
21. A. touched B. disappointed C. annoyed D. surprised
三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）
A
The story of Yu Gong Moving Mountains is a famous Chinese folktale. Yu Gong was an old man who lived in front of two big mountains. The mountains were so high and big that it took a long time to walk to the other side.
Yu Gong was tired of having to walk around the mountains every time he wanted to go to the town. So he decided to move the mountains away. He told his family about his plan, and they all supported him.
Yu Gong and his family started to dig the mountains with shovels and picks. Day by day, year by year, they kept on working.
The story goes that the gods were so moved by Yu Gong's spirit that they sent two gods to take the mountains away.
Now, the story of Yu Gong Moving Mountains is often used to teach people about perseverance and the power of determination.
22. Where did Yu Gong live
A. Behind two big mountains.
B. In front of two big mountains.
C. On top of two big mountains.
D. At the foot of two big mountains.
23. Why did Yu Gong want to move the mountains away
A. Because he didn't like the mountains.
B. Because he wanted to build a house on the mountains.
C. Because he was tired of walking around the mountains to go to the town.
D. Because he wanted to make the mountains smaller.
24. What did Yu Gong and his family use to dig the mountains
A. Machines.
B. Trucks.
C. Shovels and picks.
D. Spades and hammers.
25. Who sent two gods to take the mountains away
A. Yu Gong's family.
B. The people in the town.
C. The gods.
D. Yu Gong himself.
26. What can we learn from the story of Yu Gong Moving Mountains
A. How to build a house.
B. How to dig a tunnel.
C. The importance of perseverance and determination.
D. The importance of having a big family.
B
Once upon a time, there was a young man named Zhang. He lived in a small village near a big river. The river was very wide and deep, and it was difficult for people to cross it.
Zhang was a kind-hearted man. He saw that people in the village were having trouble crossing the river, so he decided to do something about it.
He thought about building a bridge over the river. But it was not an easy task. He needed a lot of money and materials, and he also needed the help of other people.
Zhang started to ask for help from the villagers. Some people were willing to help him, but others were not. They thought it was too difficult and time-consuming.
Despite the difficulties, Zhang didn't give up. He worked hard to raise money and collect materials. He also persuaded more people to join him.
After several years of hard work, the bridge was finally built. People in the village could now cross the river easily.
Zhang's story spread quickly. People were all touched by his kindness and perseverance. They said that Zhang was like Yu Gong, who tried to move the mountains to make life better for others.
27. Where did Zhang live
A. In front of a big river.
B. Behind a big river.
C. Near a big river.
D. On top of a big river.
28. Why did Zhang want to build a bridge
A. Because he liked building bridges.
B. Because he wanted to make money from it.
C. Because he saw that people in the village were having trouble crossing the river.
D. Because he wanted to show off his skills.
29. What difficulties did Zhang face when building the bridge
A. He needed a lot of money and materials.
B. He needed the help of other people.
C. Some people were not willing to help him.
D. All of the above.
30. How did Zhang solve the problems
A. He gave up.
B. He worked hard to raise money and collect materials and persuaded more people to join him.
C. He asked the government for help.
D. He stole money and materials.
四、词汇运用（每题1分，共10分）
A. 根据首字母及汉语提示，完成下列单词的拼写，使句意明确，语言通顺。
31. The story of Yu Gong is a t________ (传统的) Chinese story.
32. Yu Gong's family c________ (继续) to move the mountains after he died.
33. It's not easy to r________ (移走) the big stones from the road.
34. The gods were m________ (感动) by Yu Gong's spirit.
35. We should have the s________ (精神) of Yu Gong to face difficulties.
B. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
36. She has ________ (read) this book twice.
37. They have been ________ (work) on this project for three months.
38. I'm afraid of ________ (go) out alone at night.
39. The little girl ________ (practice) the piano for an hour every day.
40. He ________ (try) to move the mountains away like Yu Gong last year.
五、根据汉语意思完成句子（每题2分，共10分）
这个故事让我们想起了坚持的重要性。
This story ________ us of the importance of ________.
他已经在这儿等了两个小时了。
He ________ ________ here for two hours.
她害怕在众人面前讲话。
She is afraid of ________ in front of people.
我们应该学习愚公移山的精神。
We should learn the ________ of Yu Gong Moving Mountains.
这座山如此高以至于很难爬上去。
This mountain is ________ high that it's very difficult to climb up.
六、补全对话（每题2分，共10分）
A: Hi, Li Hua! Have you heard the story of Yu Gong Moving Mountains
B: Of course. It's a very famous Chinese folktale.
A: 46
B: I think it shows the power of determination. Yu Gong was so determined to move the mountains that he never gave up.
A: 46
B: Well, I don't think it's completely true. But it's a good story to teach us perseverance.
A: 48
B: Yes, I do. We can learn a lot from such traditional stories. For example, we should face difficulties bravely and not give up easily.
A: 49
B: I've read many other traditional Chinese stories like "Hou Yi Shoots the Sun" and "Chang'e Flies to the Moon".
A: 50
B: They are all very interesting and full of imagination. You should read them too.
A. Do you like traditional Chinese stories
B. What do you think of the story
C. Are they interesting
D. How do you feel about it being not completely true
E. What other traditional Chinese stories have you read
七、书面表达（15分）
请以“The Story of Yu Gong Moving Mountains”为题，用英语写一篇短文，介绍一下愚公移山的故事，并谈谈你从这个故事中学到了什么。
要求：
词数80 - 100；
可适当发挥，以使行文连贯；
短文应包括以下要点：
故事背景（愚公住在两座大山前，出行不便）；
愚公的决定（移山）及行动（带领家人挖山）；
故事结局（神仙被感动，移走大山）；
你从故事中学到的东西（如坚持、决心等）。
The Story of Yu Gong Moving Mountains
一、单项选择
D
解析：本题考查名词辨析。“determination”意为“决心”，“the power of determination”表示“决心的力量”，符合愚公移山这个故事所传达的精神，即凭借坚定的决心去完成看似不可能的任务，所以选D。“spirit”作“精神”讲时，更侧重于人的内在品质、气质等方面；“spirits”通常指“情绪；烈酒”；“courage”意为“勇气”，在这里不如“determination”能准确体现故事核心，故A、B、C选项不符合题意。
B
解析：本题考查固定搭配。“try to do sth.”意为“努力去做某事；试图做某事”，这里表示老人试图自己移走大山，所以用“to move”，选B。“try doing sth.”则表示“尝试做某事（看结果如何）”，不符合本题语境。
C
解析：本题考查固定搭配。“continue doing sth.”意为“继续做某事（同一件事）”，这里说愚公表示他死后家人可以继续做移山这件事，所以用“doing”，选C。“continue to do sth.”也有“继续做某事”的意思，但更强调接着做另一件事，在此处不符合语义。
B
解析：本题考查固定句型。“It's + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.”意为“对某人来说做某事是……的”，这是一个常用的句式结构，其中“it”作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的“to do sth.”不定式短语，所以这里用“to climb”，选B。
C
解析：本题考查短语辨析。“a kind of”意为“一种”，“The story of Yu Gong is a kind of traditional Chinese story.”表示“愚公移山的故事是一种中国传统故事”，符合句子意思，选C。“kind of”意为“有点儿”，常用来修饰形容词或副词；“kinds of”意为“各种各样的”；“all kinds of”意为“各种各样的；形形色色的”，这三个选项均不符合本题语境。
B
解析：本题考查过去分词作后置定语。“called”是“call”的过去分词形式，在这里作后置定语，修饰“man”，表示“被叫做愚公的人”，相当于一个定语从句“who was called Yu Gong”，所以选B。“call”是动词原形，“calling”是现在分词形式，“to call”是不定式形式，均不能在此处作后置定语来准确表达句子意思。
B
解析：本题考查固定搭配。“send sb. to do sth.”意为“派某人去做某事”，这里说神仙被愚公的精神所感动，于是派了两个神仙去移走大山，所以用“to take”，选B。
A
解析：本题考查现在完成时。“since last week”是现在完成时的标志时间状语，其结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，“read”的过去分词还是“read”，所以这里用“has read”，表示从上周开始到现在她一直在读这本书，选A。
A
解析：本题考查特殊疑问词辨析。根据答语“For about five years.”可知是对时间段进行提问，“How long”用于询问时间的长短，即“多久；多长时间”，所以选A。“How often”用于询问频率，“How soon”用于询问“多久以后”，常与一般将来时连用，“How far”用于询问距离，均不符合本题语境。
B
解析：本题考查过去进行时。“when I came in”表示一个过去的时间点，在这个时间点上另一个动作正在进行，要用过去进行时，其结构为“was/were + 动词的现在分词”，主语“She”是第三人称单数，所以用“was listening”，表示当我进来的时候她正在听收音机，选B。
B
解析：本题考查固定搭配。“be afraid of doing sth.”意为“害怕做某事”，这里说小女孩害怕一个人在黑暗中，“of”是介词，后面要接动词的-ing形式，所以用“being”，选B。
D
解析：本题考查名词辨析。结合愚公移山的故事，我们主要从中学到的是他的决心，“determination”意为“决心”，符合题意，选D。“spirit”作“精神”讲时含义较宽泛；“spirits”通常指“情绪；烈酒”；“courage”意为“勇气”，在这里不如“determination”能准确体现从愚公移山故事中应汲取的关键品质。
C
解析：本题考查一般将来时。根据“this weekend”可知是将来的时间，要用一般将来时，其结构为“will + 动词原形”，所以这里用“will see”，表示我这个周末将会去看关于愚公的电影，选C。
A
解析：本题考查连词辨析。前半句说两座山又高又大，后半句说走到山的另一边要花很长时间，前后是因果关系，“so”表示“所以”，引出结果，符合逻辑，选A。“because”表示“因为”，引出原因；“but”表示“但是”，表转折；“or”表示“或者；否则”，均不符合本题前后句的逻辑关系。
A
解析：本题考查动词短语辨析。“gave up”意为“放弃”，结合语境，愚公一家日复一日努力工作，从来没有放弃，符合故事所传达的精神，所以选A。“gave in”意为“屈服；让步”；“gave out”意为“分发；发出（光、热等）；耗尽”；“gave away”意为“赠送；泄露”，均不符合本题语境。
二、完形填空
A
解析：根据后文“it blocked the way to the outside world. People in the village had to walk a long way around the mountain to get to the nearest town.”可知这座山挡住了去外界的路，人们要绕很远的路才能到最近的城镇，说明山很高，所以选A。“low”（低的）、“wide”（宽的）、“narrow”（窄的）均不符合语境描述的山对出行造成阻碍的情况。
A
解析：从后文“He thought about how to make it easier for people to get to the town. One day, he came up with an idea.”可知这位老人想着如何让人们更容易去到城镇，还想出了办法，说明他是个善良的人，所以选A。“lazy”（懒惰的）、“selfish”（自私的）、“cruel”（残忍的）与后文他为村民着想的行为不符。
B
解析：根据后文“They used simple tools like shovels and picks to dig the tunnel.”可知他们是用铲子和镐等工具挖隧道，也就是要打通（break）一座隧道穿过山，所以选B。“build”（建造）通常指建造建筑物等；“find”（找到）不符合这里要通过挖隧道穿过山的意思；“close”（关闭）与文意相悖。
A
解析：前文说“It was a very difficult task.”这是一项很困难的任务，接着用“But”转折，说明虽然困难但老人没有停止，所以选A。“continue”（继续）、“start”（开始）、“rest”（休息）均不符合此处老人面对困难任务的态度和行为逻辑。
B
解析：根据前文“Day by day, the tunnel grew longer. But it also brought many problems.”可知挖隧道过程中出现了很多问题，再结合“But”转折，说明尽管有问题，老人和其他村民还是继续（continued）坚持下去了，所以选B。“stopped”（停止）、“started”（开始）、“rested”（休息）均不符合此处语境表达的坚持挖隧道的意思。
A
解析：根据后文“People were all touched by his determination and hard work.”可知人们被他的决心和努力工作所触动，所以这里是说人们被他的这些品质所感动（touched），选A。“disappointed”（失望的）、“annoyed”（恼怒的）、“surprised”（惊讶的）均不符合人们对老人积极品质的反应。
三、阅读理解
A
B
解析：根据文中“Yu Gong was an old man who lived in front of two big mountains.”可知愚公住在两座大山的前面，所以选B。
C
解析：由文中“Yu Gong was tired of having to walk around the mountains every time he wanted to go to the town. So he decided to move the mountains away.”可知愚公是因为厌倦了每次去城镇都要绕山走，所以才决定移走大山，选C。
C
解析：根据“Yu Gong and his family started to dig the mountains with shovels and picks.”可知愚公和他的家人是用铲子和镐来挖山的，所以选C。
C
解析：文中提到“The story goes that the gods were so moved by Yu Gong's spirit that they sent two gods to take the mountains away.”可知是神仙被愚公的精神感动，然后派了两个神仙去移走大山，所以选C。
C
解析：根据“Now, the story of Yu Gong Moving Mountains is often used to teach people about perseverance and the power of determination.”可知从愚公移山的故事中我们能学到坚持和决心的重要性，所以选C。
B
C
解析：根据文中“He lived in a small village near a big river.”可知张住在一条大河附近的小村庄里，所以选C。
C
解析：由文中“He saw that people in the village were having trouble crossing the river, so he decided to do something about it.”可知张是因为看到村里的人过河有困难，所以才决定建一座桥，选C。
D
解析：根据文中“He needed a lot of money and materials, and he also needed the help of other people. Some people were willing to help him, but others were not.”可知张在建桥时面临需要很多钱和材料、需要其他人的帮助以及有些人不愿意帮忙等困难，所以选D。
B
解析：根据文中“He worked hard to raise money and collect materials. He also persuaded more people to join him.”可知张通过努力筹集资金、收集材料以及劝说更多人加入他来解决问题，所以选B。
四、词汇运用
A
traditional
解析：根据首字母及汉语提示，“传统的”英文是“traditional”，在这里修饰“Chinese story”，表示愚公移山是一个传统的中国故事，所以填“traditional”。
continued
解析：“continue”意为“继续”，根据句子“Yu Gong's family c________ (继续) to move the mountains after he died.”可知这里说愚公死后他的家人继续移山，句子时态是一般过去时，“continue”的过去式是“continued”，所以填“continued”。
remove
解析：根据首字母及汉语提示，“移走”的英文是“remove”，“It's not easy to do sth.”是常用句式，这里用动词原形“remove”，表示移走路上的大石头不容易，所以填“remove”。
moved
解析：“move”有“感动”的意思，根据句子“The gods were m________ (感动) by Yu Gong's spirit.”可知这里是说神仙被愚公的精神所感动，句子时态是一般过去时，“move”的过去式是“moved”，所以填“moved”。
spirit
解析：根据首字母及汉语提示，“精神”的英文是“spirit”，这里说我们应该有愚公移山的精神去面对困难，用单数形式“spirit”即可，所以填“spirit”。
B
read
解析：“has read”是现在完成时的结构，“read”的过去分词还是“read”，根据句子“She has ________ (读) this book twice.”可知这里说她已经读这本书两次了，所以填“read”。
working
解析：“have been doing sth.”是现在完成进行时的结构，表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。根据句子“They have been ________ (工作) on this project for three months.”可知他们已经在这个项目上工作了三个月了，从过去持续到现在，所以用“working”。
going
解析：“be afraid of doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“害怕做某事”。根据句子“I'm afraid of ________ (出去) out alone at night.”可知这里说我害怕晚上一个人出去，“go”的动名词形式是“going”，所以填“going”。
practices
解析：根据句子“The little girl ________ (练习) the piano for an hour every day.”可知这里说小女孩每天练习钢琴一小时，句子时态是一般现在时，主语“The little girl”是第三人称单数，“practice”的第三人称单数形式是“practices”，所以填“practices”。
tried
解析：根据句子“He ________ (尝试) to move the mountains away like Yu Gong last year.”可知这里说他去年像愚公一样尝试移走大山，句子时态是一般过去时，“try”的过去式是“tried”，所以填“tried”。
五、根据汉语意思完成句子
reminds; perseverance
解析：“remind sb. of sth.”是固定短语，意为“使某人想起某事”，句子主语“This story”是第三人称单数，一般现在时中动词用第三人称单数形式“reminds”；“坚持”的英文是“perseverance”，在这里作介词“of”的宾语，所以填“reminds; perseverance”。
has been waiting
解析：“has been waiting”是现在完成进行时的结构，表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作，即他从过去某个时间开始等，一直等到现在，已经等了两个小时了，符合句子意思，所以填“has been waiting”。
speaking
解析：“be afraid of doing sth.”是固定搭配，意为“害怕做某事”，“讲话”的英文是“speak”，其动名词形式是“speaking”，所以填“speaking”。
spirit
解析：“精神”的英文是“spirit”，这里说学习愚公移山的精神，用单数形式“spirit”即可，所以填“spirit”。
so
解析：“so...that...”是固定句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，这里说山如此高以至于很难爬上去，所以填“so”。
六、补全对话
B
解析：根据答语“I think it shows the power of determination. Yu Gong was so determined to move the mountains that he never gave up.”可知是在询问对方对愚公移山这个故事的看法，所以选B。
D
解析：根据答语“Well, I don't think it's completely true. But it's a good story to teach us perseverance.”可知是在询问对方对于这个故事不完全真实这一点的感受，所以选D。
A
解析：根据答语“Yes, I do. We can learn a lot from such traditional stories.”可知是在询问对方是否喜欢传统中国故事，所以选A。
E
解析：根据答语“I've read many other traditional Chinese stories like "Hou Yi Shoots the Sun" and "Chang'e Flies to the Moon".”可知是在询问对方还读过哪些其他的传统中国故事，所以选E。
C
解析：根据答语“They are all very interesting and full of imagination. You should read them too.”可知是在询问对方这些故事是否有趣，所以选C。
七、书面表达
The Story of Yu Gong Moving Mountains
Yu Gong lived in front of two big mountains. It was very inconvenient for him to go out as he had to walk around the mountains. So he decided to move the mountains away. He led his family to dig the mountains day by day.
The gods were moved by Yu Gong's spirit and sent two gods to take the mountains away.
From this story, I've learned that perseverance and determination are very important. We should never give up when facing difficulties.