02 航空航天-2025年中考英语【热点 重点 难点】专练(原卷版+解析版)

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名称 02 航空航天-2025年中考英语【热点 重点 难点】专练(原卷版+解析版)
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更新时间 2025-02-10 08:59:36

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/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
02 航空航天
2024年,航空航天领域继续成为全球科技发展的前沿热点,各国在太空探索、商业航天、航空技术等方面取得了显著进展。中国持续推进“嫦娥工程”,计划在2024年发射“嫦娥七号”,开展月球南极地区的详细探测,为未来的月球科研站建设奠定基础。NASA的阿尔忒弥斯计划旨在重返月球,2024年计划执行“阿尔忒弥斯3号”任务,实现载人登月,并建立可持续的月球基地。多国联合推进月球探测任务,例如欧洲空间局(ESA)与中国的合作,以及美国与盟友在月球门户空间站(Lunar Gateway)项目上的协作。中国的“天问三号”任务计划在2024年启动,目标是实现火星样本返回,这将是人类首次从火星带回样本。
NASA的“火星样本返回”计划与ESA合作,计划在2024年发射样本返回着陆器,为2030年代的火星样本返回任务做准备。
中国天宫空间站进入全面运营阶段,2024年计划开展更多科学实验和国际合作项目。
2024年,航空航天领域在技术突破、商业化和国际合作方面将继续取得重要进展,推动人类探索太空的步伐迈向新的高度。这些不仅展现了科技的力量,也为未来的太空探索和地球可持续发展提供了新的可能性。
题型 主要内容
1 阅读理解 讲述了中国科学家通过引入地球细菌,让月球土壤更适合种植植物的研究进展,以及这一技术对未来在月球长期生存的帮助。
2 阅读理解 介绍了嫦娥6号成功登月并返回的报道以及这次任务的意义。
3 阅读理解 介绍了2024年中国航天探索取得的新成就,包括嫦娥六号月球探测器成功发射、采样并返回,神舟十九号载人飞船发射及宇航员任务,天舟八号发射及任务,彰显了中国探索宇宙的决心与实力以及对新一代的激励。
4 阅读理解 介绍了中国科学家正在尝试用月球土壤制造的砖块在月球上建造房屋。
5 阅读理解 介绍了嫦娥六号飞船成功从月球背面带回珍贵土壤。
6 阅读理解 报道了神舟19号载人飞船于2024年10月30日成功发射,并与中国空间站对接。此次任务包括蔡旭哲、宋领东和中国首位女航天飞行工程师王昊泽等宇航员。神舟19号团队将进行86项科技实验,旨在提升中国在世界航天领域的地位。
7 阅读理解 介绍了在珠海举办的第十五届中国国际航空航天展览会。
8 阅读理解 介绍了中国神舟十九号载人宇宙飞船成功发射以及宇航员的任务等情况。
9 阅读理解 介绍了嫦娥一号、“玉兔号”月球车、“墨子号”空间量子科学实验卫星等与中国古代传统文化之间的渊源,表明了我国传统文化对我国太空技术的深远影响。
10 阅读理解 介绍了即将将宇航员送上月球的宇宙飞船“梦舟”和“揽月”的一些信息。
一、阅读理解
01
So far, humans have landed on the moon for six times. If humans want to stay on the moon for long in the future, there will be a need for a source (来源) of food. It’s really a challenge, but scientists are taking steps toward making moon farming possible. Now Chinese researchers said that they had found a way to make moon soil (土壤) used for farming by introducing Earth bacteria (细菌).
Researchers from China tested five kinds of bacteria. They found during a period of 10 to 21 days, three of them doubled phosphorus content (磷含量), which is necessary for the growth of plants.
In the next step of the study, the researchers grew model plants in man-made moon soil with the three kinds of bacteria for 24 days. They discovered that the plants had longer stems and roots (茎和根) after six days, and heavier and wider leaves after 24 days, compared with those grown without the bacteria.
Besides, in another 24-day test, scientists found that plants with those bacteria had more chlorophyll (叶绿素), which helps plants use energy from light to grow.
China has made a plan for landing astronauts on the moon before 2030 to do scientific study. As astronauts need to live on the moon for a long time, bringing all food to the moon will cost a lot of money. Growing plants there will be helpful. However, earlier tests showed that moon soil is bad for growing plants. Many people began to feel hopeless. But this test offers them a good possible pick-me-up.
1.Chinese researches are taking steps towards ________.
①growing plants in sun soil ②making moon farming possible
③growing plants on the moon ④bringing food to the moon
A.①③ B.②③ C.②④ D.③④
2.What do you know about Earth bacteria
A.It is necessary for the growth of plants on the earth.
B.It causes plants to have more chlorophyll.
C.It makes the stems and roots of plants shorter.
D.It needs 24 days to double the weight of leaves.
3.How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 3
A.By giving an example. B.By using sayings.
C.By comparing facts. D.By setting a question.
4.Which is the right structure of the passage
(①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2,…)
A. B.
C. D.
5.What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage
A.To show how Chinese researchers invented Earth bacteria.
B.To explain why plants can be grown on moon soil.
C.To introduce tests about making moon soil used for moon farming.
D.To make a plan for landing astronauts on the moon before 2030.
02
On June 25th, the returner of the Chang’ e-6 probe brought back the world’s first samples (样本) collected from the moon’s far side. It landed in Siziwang Banner, North China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, marking the Chang’ e-6 mission a complete success.
Chang’e-6 is one of the most difficult tasks in China’s efforts to explore space. Including a lander, an ascender (上升器), an orbiter (轨道器) and a returner, it was sent to space on May 3rd this year.
On June 2nd, the lander-ascender combination (组合体) landed in the designated landing area on the far side of the moon and carried out sampling work.
On June 4th, the ascender took off from the moon with samples.
On June 6th, it connected with the orbiter-returner combination and moved samples to the returner. The ascender then separated (分离) from the combination and landed on the moon to avoid becoming space junk.
The orbiter-returner combination spent 13 days in lunar orbit, waiting for the right chance to return to Earth. Then the returner separated from the orbiter and headed for Earth.
“The Chang’ e-6 mission is an important step in the history of human lunar exploration, and it will help us better understand the evolution (演变) of the moon,” said Yang Wei, a researcher of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
“New samples will certainly lead to new discoveries. Now, Chinese scientists are eager to help with the development of lunar science,” Yang added.
6.How long does it take to complete the Chang’e-6 mission
A.One month. B.35 days. C.53 days. D.Two months.
7.The underlined word “eager” in the last paragraph probably means “________” in Chinese.
A.焦虑的 B.冷静的 C.渴望的 D.满足的
8.Which of the following can be put into No.50
A.waited for the chance to return
B.took off from the moon with samples
C.was sent to the space
D.moved a step in the space
9.Which of the following can be put into No.51
A.Meanings B.Goals C.Reasons D.Results
03
With continuous hard work of Chinese aerospace scientists and engineers, China’s aerospace exploration has reached new heights in 2024, making China one of the world-leading roles in this field.
The Chang’e-6 lunar probe (月球探测器) was successfully launched by the powerful Long March 5 rocket on May 3rd. After a long journey in space, it landed on the far side of the moon on June 2nd, collected samples, and finally returned to Earth on June 25th. It brought back 1935.3 grams of lunar samples (样本). This program achieves lots of historic firsts in lunar exploration, which helps us learn more about how the moon formed and developed.
The Shenzhou-19 manned spacecraft, an important mission in China’s manned spaceflight program, was launched on October 30th, sending three astronauts into space. The astronauts will carry out scientific experiments during their stay in space. They will focus on studying the influence of long-term spaceflights on the human body. At the same time, they will also test and build new space facilities, making preparations for future manned space explorations. The spacecraft is going to return to Earth in April or May of 2025.
On November 15th, another spacecraft named the Tianzhou 8 was launched and got onto the space station about three hours later. This spacecraft’s main task is to provide material support for the Shenzhou-19 astronauts. It also carried “lunar soil bricks”, which are needed for the experiments in space. After completing its job, the Tianzhou-8 spacecraft will be controlled to fall onto a planned area.
These achievements show China’s determination and strong power to explore the universe. China will never stop moving forward in space exploration and inspiring new generations to reach for more in the vast universe.
10.How long did the Chang’e-6 lunar probe stay on the moon
A.23 days B.29 days C.31 days D.53 days
11.What will the astronauts NOT do in space according to Paragraph 3
A.Carry out scientific experiments.
B.Test and build new space facilities.
C.Do research on what long-term spaceflights bring to the human body.
D.Make preparations for future manned moon explorations.
12.What can we learn from the passage
A.The Chang’e-6 lunar probe collected the first lunar samples in history.
B.The Long March 5 rocket took a long journey in space before landing.
C.The Shenzhou-19 astronauts will work on new facilities in space.
D.The Tianzhou-8 spacecraft also carried astronauts into space.
13.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
(①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, …)
A. B. C. D.
14.What is the main idea of the passage
A.China has completed three important space missions in 2024.
B.China has strong determination and power in space exploration.
C.China has achieved great success in space exploration in 2024.
D.China will carry out more space explorations in the future.
04
①Chinese scientists are trying ways to build houses on the moon using bricks (砖) made from fake lunar soil (土). These bricks were sent to China’s space station on the Tianzhou-8 cargo spaceship. The team working on this project plans to shape the bricks using mortise and tenon joints (榫卯结构), a method from ancient buildings, to build an egg-shaped house on the moon, according to a CCTV report.
②The moon has always been an important goal for space exploration (探索). Many countries have made long-term plans for human activities on the moon. China hopes to send astronauts there by 2030 and build a research station by 2035. A lab in Wuhan, China, has created a sandbox to show how a future moon base might be built.
③Ding Lieyun, the leader of the team making the lunar soil bricks, said building on the moon is very hard. The moon has difficult environments, including no water, low gravity (重力), big temperature changes, and frequent small earthquakes (地震). These make the building process very difficult.
④After many tests, the team chose a two-layer dome design called the “lunar pot”, This design is light, uses fewer materials, and works well for keeping warm and staying strong. Inside, the house will have two levels: one for working and one for resting.
⑤The bricks will be made using a method from ancient Chinese building styles. Robots will put the bricks together, and 3D printing will make the structure stronger. These ideas are based on data from the U.S. Apollo program and China’s Chang’e-5 moon mission.
⑥The lunar bricks are now being tested in space to see if they can go through the difficult environment. The first brick should return to Earth by 2025, bringing us closer to building homes on the moon.
15.Which of the followings is the right shape of the house on the moon
A. B.
C. D.
16.What does the underlined word “These” refer to in Paragraph 3
A.The lunar soil bricks. B.Difficult environments.
C.Big temperature changes D.Small earthquakes.
17.What can we infer from the passage
A.Building houses on the moon is a difficult task for Chinese scientists.
B.The lunar bricks are already used to build a complete house on the moon.
C.China is making some improvements in building houses on the moon.
D.Many countries show great interest in building houses on the Mars.
18.Which of the following best describes the structure of the passage
A.
B.
C.
D.
05
On May 3, 2024, Chang’e 6 Spacecraft was sent from Wenchang Space Launch Center to the far side of the Moon. On June 25, it travelled back and brought valuable soil (土壤) from there for the first time.
Before Chang’e 6, Chang’e 4 landed on the Moon’s far side on January 3, 2019, but it did not collect and bring back moon soil. It only explored the area near its landing site.
During its 49-hour stay, Chang’e 6 used tools to collect soil from the surface and underground. The soil is very important because it will help scientists around the world to study the Moon.
Before this, all soil was from the near side of the Moon. For example, Chang’e 5 brought back the soil from the near side of the Moon. It has helped scientists find a new mineral (矿物质): Changesite-(Y). So the soil that Chang’e 6 brought back can raise new hopes to scientific study. And the success of Chang’e 6 shows China is becoming stronger and stronger in space exploration.
19.When did Chang’e 6 Spacecraft travel back to the Earth
A.June 25, 2024. B.May 3, 2024. C.June 25, 2019. D.January 3, 2019.
20.How is Chang’e 6 different from Chang’e 4
A.Chang’e 6 travelled around the Moon. B.Chang’e 6 brought back soil from the far side.
C.Chang’e 6 explored areas near its landing site. D.Chang’e 6 landed on the near side of the Moon.
21.Why is the soil important
A.It can help plant new crops. B.It can support life on the Moon.
C.It helps us learn about the Moon. D.It is from the surface and underground.
22.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.Changesite-(Y) is from the far side. B.It’s very difficult to study the moon soil.
C.China is improving in space exploration. D.The near side of the Moon is more important.
23.What is the best title for the passage
A.New finding: Changesite-(Y). B.History of space exploration.
C.Difficulties of moon exploration. D.Soil from the far side of the Moon.
06
In 2003, China’s first astronaut Yang Liwei entered space successfully. 21 years later, the successful launch of the Shenzhou-19 manned spaceship on October 30 at 4:27 a.m. made Chinese have more confidence in China’s science and technology.
The astronauts on this task include Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong, and China’s first woman astronaut flight engineer, Wang Haoze. Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze, both born in the 1990s, make their first journey into space.
6-and-a-half hours after leaving from Earth, the Shenzhou-19 manned spaceship successfully rendezvoused and docked (对接) with China’s Tiangong Space Station. The Shenzhou-19 astronauts entered the space station and were warmly welcomed by the Shenzhou-18 astronauts, who have been in space for half a year. “Half a year ago, it was the Shenzhou-17 astronauts who welcomed us here. Now, it is our turn to welcome you. Let’s continue building our space home together.” The Shenzhou-18 astronauts said.
The Shenzhou-19 team will do 86 science and technology experiments. China’s space program hopes to play a greater role in the world.
24.When was the Shenzhou-19 manned spaceship launched successfully
A.On October 30, 2023. B.On October 30, 2024.
C.On October 13, 2023. D.On November 30, 2024.
25.Who is China’s first woman astronaut flight engineer
A.Yang Liwei. B.Cai Xuzhe. C.Song Lingdong. D.Wang Haoze.
26.What does the pronoun “you” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A.The Shenzhou-16 astronauts. B.The Shenzhou-17 astronauts.
C.The Shenzhou-18 astronauts. D.The Shenzhou-19 astronauts.
27.What is the text above
A.A poster. B.An ad. C.A piece of news. D.A story.
07
①The 15th China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition (航空航天博览会), widely known as China’s most important air show, opened to the public in Zhuhai Guangdong province, on November 12, 2024. This amazing event attracted over 1,000 companies from 47 countries and regions (地区), showing the latest advancements, especially in military (军事的) technology.
②One of the most exciting things at the exhibition was the uncovering of China’s new military technology. For example, China’s own j-20S fighter jet was shown in public for the first time. This is a new type of stealth (隐形的) fighter jet that can fly long distances and carry out many different missions. It is also a double-seater, which means it has two seats for the pilots, making it even more powerful.
③The j-20S is an improvement from China’s previous j-20 fighter jet. It is designed to be even more stealthy, with special materials that reduce its radar signature (雷达信号). It also has new electronic warfare (战斗) systems, missiles (导弹), and radar (雷达), which make it better at finding and attacking enemy targets. The j-20S can fly very fast and move around easily, thanks to its new wing and tail designs, as well as a new type of engine.
④Besides the j-20s, China also showed many other amazing aircraft (航天器) and weapons (武器) at the exhibition. There were drones (无人机) that can fly high in the sky, unmanned boats that can sail on the ocean, and even the lunar samples that Chang’e-6 collected from the far side of moon.
⑤The exhibition was not just about showing off new technology. It was also a chance for companies from around the world to come together and learn from each other. Many important deals were made during the event, including a big order for 130 new Chinese-made passenger planes.
28.Where was the exhibition held
A.In Beijing. B.In Chengdu. C.In Zhuhai. D.In Guangzhou.
29.What can we infer about the j-20s fighter jet
A.It was shown in public for the first time.
B.It has limited abilities in finding enemy targets.
C.It shows an important improvement in military technology.
D.It is designed for short-distance flights.
30.Which of the following definitions is right for the underlined word “sail” in Paragraph ④
Sail /se l/ Verb a.to travel on water ·The boat sailed smoothly across the lake. b.to begin a journey on water ·We sail at 2 p.m. tomorrow. Noun c.large pieces of material used to make a boat travel ·As the boat moved down the river the wind start to fill the sails. d.a trip in a boat or ship ·We went for a two-boar sail.
A.a. B.b. C.c D.d
31.Which is the right structure of this passage
A. B. C. D.
08
Early on Wednesday morning, a big rocket called Long March-2F Y19 took off from Jiuquan in Northwest China. It carried three astronauts on a trip to the China Space Station.
After about 10 minutes, the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft separated from the rocket and entered its designated orbit (轨道). This meant the launch was a success!
The China Space Station will welcome the new Shenzhou-19 crew (机组人员), led by experienced astronaut Cai Xuzhe and newcomers Song Lingdong and female astronaut Wang Haoze, about 6.5 hours after mander (指令长) Cai is going back to space just 22 months after his last trip, which is a record for the shortest time between missions in the history of Chinese astronauts. Song and Wang, both born in 1990, are on their first space mission. Wang is also China’s first female spaceflight engineer.
This is the fourth time that astronauts have flown to the space station to work and do experiments, and it’s the 33rd mission in China’s manned space program. The main tasks include switching (交换) crews with the Shenzhou-18 astronauts, staying on the station for six months, doing space experiments, going outside the spacecraft and so on. After launch, Shenzhou-19 will connect to the Tianhe module of the space station about 6.5 hours later. They will come back to Earth in late April or early May.
For this mission, the developers made the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft better by improving its design, so it can carry more supplies (供给). This helps the astronauts and makes the space station work more effectively.
32.What does the underlined word “designated” mean in the second paragraph
A.planned B.named C.changed D.common
33.What is Wang Haoze’s special achievement
A.She is the youngest of the crew.
B.She is the first female spaceman.
C.She has flown to the space station four times.
D.She is China’s first female spaceflight engineer.
34.Which of the following statements is TRUE
A.The Shenzhou-18 will return in May.
B.Cai Xuzhe is on his first space mission.
C.Shenzhou-19 separated from the rocket after 20 minutes.
D.Improvements in the spacecraft design allow it to carry more supplies.
35.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A.A Successful Launch of Shenzhou-19
B.The Main Tasks of Shenzhou-19 Crew
C.The History of China’s Space Exploration
D.The Development of China’s Space Technology
09
So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names.
Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e I. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true.
Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called KuaFu Mission.
Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2, 000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground.
From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology.
36.In China, space scientists get ideas from ________ when naming satellites.
①old stories ②traditional projects
③ancient famous people ④ popular inventions
A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
37.What do we know about Chang’e I according to the passage
A.It moves around the moon. B.It protects the Jade Rabbit.
C.It “visits” the sun with the scientists. D.It is the world’s first man-made satellite.
38.How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 4
A.By listing numbers. B.By comparing facts.
C.By giving an example. D.By reporting a result.
39.Which is the right structure of the passage
(①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2,…)
A. B.
C. D.
40.What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage
A.To spread the traditional Chinese culture.
B.To explain how our scientists develop the space industry.
C.To introduce the achievements in our science and technology.
D.To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science.
10
China has named the spacecraft that will put its astronauts on the moon. The new manned spacecraft is Mengzhou and the lunar lander is Lanyue. China plans to land its astronauts on the moon around 2030. Check the table to learn the details on China’s exciting journey to the moon.
MENGZHOU AND LANYUETake Chinese People’s Dream To The Moon Closer
Mengzhou — The manned spacecraft Meaning of the name: Dream boat The name carries the Chinese people’s space exploration dreams to the moon. Main tasks: Carry out China’s manned lunar exploration Operate near-Earth space station Payload: For lunar tasks, it can carry 3 astronauts round trip between the ground and lunar orbit (轨道). For near-Earth orbit tasks, it can carry 7 astronauts round trip between the ground and space station. Lanyue — The lunar lander Meaning of the name: Clasping the moon The name symbolizes the bravery and confidence of the Chinese people in exploring the universe and landing on the moon. Main tasks: Transport between lunar orbit and lunar surface Serve as the center for astronaut activities, energy supply, and data transmission on the moon Support lunar exploration and activities Payload: It can carry 2 astronauts round trip, lunar rover, and scientific payloads.
Exploration Steps 1. Two Long March-10 rockets are launched (发射). One carries Mengzhou and the other carries Lanyue. 2. The two spacecraft meet and join in lunar orbit and the astronauts enter the lander. 3. The Lanyue lander sends the astronauts to the lunar surface. 4. The astronauts carry out scientific exploration and sample (样本) collection on the lunar surface as planned. 5. After completing the job on the moon, the Lanyue lander takes the astronauts to go up to lunar orbit. 6. The two spacecraft meet and join again, and the astronauts take the lunar samples to the Mengzhou spacecraft. 7. The Mengzhou spacecraft returns to Earth with the moon samples.
41.Which of the following is Lanyue’s task
A.Operate near-Earth space station.
B.Support Earth exploration and activities.
C.Transport between the ground and space station.
D.Work as the center for energy supply on the moon.
42.What can we learn from the exploration steps
A.The same rocket sends Mengzhou and Lanyue into space.
B.Astronauts reach and leave the moon in the Lanyue lander.
C.Mengzhou and Lanyue join together at the space station.
D.The Lanyue lander returns to Earth with the samples on the moon.
43.What is the purpose of this passage
A.To encourage the youth to make inventions for China’s moon program.
B.To tell the reader about the history of China’s lunar exploration journey.
C.To offer suggestions on how to take up challenges in the lunar exploration task.
D.To give information on the new spacecraft for China’s manned lunar exploration task.
/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
参考答案
1.B 2.B 3.C 4.A 5.C
【导语】本文讲述了中国科学家通过引入地球细菌,让月球土壤更适合种植植物的研究进展,以及这一技术对未来在月球长期生存的帮助。
1.细节理解题。根据“scientists are taking steps toward making moon farming possible”以及“researchers grew model plants in man-made moon soil…”可知,中国研究者正在朝着使月球农业成为可能以及在月球上种植植物努力。故选B。
2.细节理解题。根据“that plants with those bacteria had more chlorophyll (叶绿素)”可知,地球细菌使植物有更多的叶绿素。故选B。
3.推理判断题。根据“They discovered that the plants had longer stems and roots (茎和根) after six days, and heavier and wider leaves after 24 days, compared with those grown without the bacteria.”可知,作者通过比较事实来证明细菌对植物的积极作用。故选C。
4.篇章结构题。文章第一段引入了月球农业的挑战这个话题;第二段到第四段具体介绍了研究者的实验过程和结果;第五段提出实验的潜在意义。所以结构如A选项所示,故选A。
5.主旨大意题。本文重点介绍了中国研究者如何通过实验使月球土壤适合种植,围绕着“月球农业的研究”展开,故选C。
6.C 7.C 8.B 9.A
【导语】本文本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了嫦娥6号成功登月并返回的报道以及这次任务的意义。
6.细节理解题。根据第一段“On June 25th, the returner of the Chang’ e-6 probe brought back the world’s first samples (样本) collected from the moon’s far side.”以及第二段“an orbiter (轨道器) and a returner, it was sent to space on May 3rd this year.”可知,嫦娥6号从今年5月3日进入太空,到同年6月25号完成任务,一共历经53天。故选C。
7.词义猜测题。根据“Now, Chinese scientists are eager to help with the development of lunar science”可知,中国科学家渴望为月球科学的发展提供帮助。故划线单词“eager”意为“渴望的”,故选C。
8.细节理解题。根据“On June 4th, the ascender took off from the moon with samples.”可知,,6月4日是上升器从月球带着样本起飞。故选B。
9.主旨大意题。根据“‘The Chang’ e-6 mission is an important step in the history of human lunar exploration, and it will help us better understand the evolution (演变) of the moon,’ said Yang Wei, a researcher of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.”可知,本段总结了任务结果和重大意义。故选A。
10.A 11.D 12.A 13.B 14.C
【导语】本文主要介绍了2024年中国航天探索取得的新成就,包括嫦娥六号月球探测器成功发射、采样并返回,神舟十九号载人飞船发射及宇航员任务,天舟八号发射及任务,彰显了中国探索宇宙的决心与实力以及对新一代的激励。
10.细节理解题。根据“After a long journey in space, it landed on the far side of the moon on June 2nd, collected samples, and finally returned to Earth on June 25th.”可知,嫦娥六号月球探测器6月2日登陆月球,6月25日返回地球,在月球上停留共23天,故选A。
11.细节理解题。根据“The astronauts will carry out scientific experiments during their stay in space. They will focus on studying the influence of long-term spaceflights on the human body. At the same time, they will also test and build new space facilities, making preparations for future manned space explorations.”可知,神舟十九号载人飞船的宇航员将专注于研究长期太空飞行对人体的影响,同时测试和建造新的太空设施,为未来载人太空探索做准备,但未提及为未来载人月球探索做准备,故选D。
12.细节理解题。根据“It brought back 1935.3 grams of lunar samples (样本). This program achieves lots of historic firsts in lunar exploration, which helps us learn more about how the moon formed and developed.”可知,嫦娥六号月球探测器带回了 1935.3 克月球样本,实现了月球探索的许多历史性首次,故选A。
13.篇章结构题。文章第一段总述中国航天探索取得新高度,后面三段分别介绍嫦娥六号、神舟十九号、天舟八号的相关情况,最后一段总结强调中国在航天探索方面取得的成就,彰显中国探索宇宙的决心与强大实力,同时表明中国将继续推进航天探索,激励新一代不断进取。属于总分总结构,故选B。
14.主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了中国在2024年航天探索方面取得的成就,包括嫦娥六号、神舟十九号、天舟八号等任务,重点在于强调2024年取得的这些成果,故选C。
15.D 16.B 17.C 18.D
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国科学家正在尝试用月球土壤制造的砖块在月球上建造房屋。
15.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“The team working on this project plans to shape the bricks using mortise and tenon joints (榫卯结构), a method from ancient buildings, to build an egg-shaped house on the moon, according to a CCTV report.”可知,月球上房子的形状是蛋形的,类似于球形,故选D。
16.词句猜测题。根据第三段第二句“The moon has difficult environments, including no water, low gravity (重力), big temperature changes, and frequent small earthquakes (地震).”可知,本句列举了月球上的困难的环境,划线的“These”指的是这些困难的环境,故选B。
17.细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“The bricks will be made using a method from ancient Chinese building styles.”可知这些砖将采用中国古代建筑风格的一种方法,即中国正在在月球上盖房子上做出一些改进,故选C。
18.篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知,本文第一段介绍了中国科学家正在尝试用月球土壤制造的砖块在月球上建造房屋,第二段介绍了月球上的困难的环境,第三段介绍了中国科学家正在做出一些改进在月球上盖房子,第四段介绍了月球上盖房子的设计,第五段介绍了月球上盖房子的材料,第六段介绍了月球上盖房子的结论。故选D。
19.A 20.B 21.C 22.C 23.D
【导语】本文主要介绍了嫦娥六号飞船成功从月球背面带回珍贵土壤。
19.细节理解题。根据“On May 3, 2024, Chang’e 6 Spacecraft was sent from Wenchang Space Launch Center to the far side of the Moon. On June 25, it travelled back”可知在2024年6月25号嫦娥六号飞船返回地球。故选A。
20.细节理解题。根据“and brought valuable soil (土壤) from there for the first time”以及“but it did not collect and bring back moon soil”可知嫦娥六号飞船带回了月壤。故选B。
21.细节理解题。根据“The soil is very important because it will help scientists around the world to study the Moon.”可知土壤非常重要,因为它将帮助世界各地的科学家研究月球。故选C。
22.细节理解题。根据“And the success of Chang’e 6 shows China is becoming stronger and stronger in space exploration.”可知嫦娥六号的成功表明,中国在太空探索方面越来越强大。故选C。
23.最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了嫦娥六号飞船成功从月球背面带回珍贵土壤,所以选项D“月球背面的土壤”为标题最合适。故选D。
24.B 25.D 26.D 27.C
【导语】本文主要报道了神舟19号载人飞船于2024年10月30日成功发射,并与中国空间站对接。此次任务包括蔡旭哲、宋领东和中国首位女航天飞行工程师王昊泽等宇航员。神舟19号团队将进行86项科技实验,旨在提升中国在世界航天领域的地位。
24.推理判断题。根据“In 2003, China’s first astronaut Yang Liwei entered space successfully. 21 years later, the successful launch of the Shenzhou-19 manned spaceship on October 30 at 4:27 a.m. made Chinese have more confidence in China’s science and technology.”可知,神舟19号载人飞船成功发射的时间是2024年10月30日。故选B。
25.细节理解题。根据“... and China’s first woman astronaut flight engineer, Wang Haoze.”可知,中国第一位女航天飞行工程师是王昊泽。故选D。
26.细节理解题。根据“The Shenzhou-19 astronauts entered the space station and were warmly welcomed by the Shenzhou-18 astronauts, who have been in space for half a year.”以及“ ‘... Now, it is our turn to welcome you ...’ The Shenzhou-18 astronauts said.”可知,划线代词“you”指的是神舟19号的宇航员。故选D。
27.推理判断题。通读全文可知,这是一篇关于神舟19号载人飞船成功发射的新闻报道。故选C。
28.C 29.C 30.A 31.B
【导语】本文主要介绍了在珠海举办的第十五届中国国际航空航天展览会。
28.细节理解题。根据“opened to the public in Zhuhai Guangdong province”可知,本次展览会在珠海举办。故选C。
29.推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段内容可知,j-20S是军事科技的重要进步,新型隐形战斗机的诸多改进使其具有更强的性能。故选C。
30.词义猜测题。根据“unmanned boats”和“on the ocean”可知,sail的使用场景是船在海洋上航行,与a“to travel on water”意思一致,是一个动词。故选A。
31.篇章结构题。文章第一段引入了话题——珠海航展,第二段到第四段具体描述了展品、技术,第五段总结展会意义。所以文章是总分总结构。故选B。
32.A 33.D 34.D 35.A
【导语】本文介绍了中国神舟十九号载人宇宙飞船成功发射以及宇航员的任务等情况。
32.词义猜测题。根据“After about 10 minutes, the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft separated from the rocket and entered its designated orbit”可知,神舟十九号飞船与火箭分离,进入预定轨道。因此“designated”与“planned”词义相近。故选A。
33.细节理解题。根据“Wang is also China’s first female spaceflight engineer.”可知,她是中国第一位女航天工程师。故选D。
34.细节理解题。根据“For this mission, the developers made the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft better by improving its design, so it can carry more supplies (供给).”可知,宇宙飞船设计的改进使它能携带更多的补给。故选D。
35.最佳标题题。通读全文内容可知,本文介绍了中国神舟十九号载人宇宙飞船以及宇航员的任务等情况。选项A“神舟十九号成功发射”适合作为本文的标题。故选A。
36.B 37.A 38.C 39.A 40.D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文,文章介绍了嫦娥一号、“玉兔号”月球车、“墨子号”空间量子科学实验卫星等与中国古代传统文化之间的渊源,表明了我国传统文化对我国太空技术的深远影响。
36.细节理解题。根据“Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names.”可知,太空科学家给卫星命名时受到古老的故事以及古代著名人物的启发。故选B。
37.细节理解题。根据“As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e I.”可知,嫦娥一号绕月运行。故选A。
38.推理判断题。根据“Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example…”可知,文章第四段介绍科学家给卫星命名时还受到古代名人的启发,下文列举了“墨子号”的例子。故作者通过举例子的方式支持自己的观点。故选C。
39.篇章结构题。通读文章可知,第一段介绍文章主题,太空技术与古代传统文化有关系;第二、三、四段分别从中国传统故事以及古代著名人物方面介绍;最后一段总结全文,升华主题。故文章的结构是总(①)——分(②③④)——总(⑤)。故选A。
40.主旨大意题。根据“From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology.”及全文可知,作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍中国的空间技术与中国传统文化之间的渊源,中国传统文化影响着我国的空间技术。故选D。
41.D 42.B 43.D
【导语】本文主要介绍了即将将宇航员送上月球的宇宙飞船“梦舟”和“揽月”的一些信息。
41.细节理解题。根据“Main tasks: ... Serve as the center for astronaut activities, energy supply, and data transmission on the moon”可知,作为月球上的能源供应中心是“揽月”的任务。故选D。
42.细节理解题。根据“The Lanyue lander sends the astronauts to the lunar surface.”及“After completing the job on the moon, the Lanyue lander takes the astronauts to go up to lunar orbit.”可知,宇航员乘坐“揽月”着陆器到达和离开月球。故选B。
43.主旨大意题。根据“China has named the spacecraft that will put its astronauts on the moon. The new manned spacecraft is Mengzhou and the lunar lander is Lanyue ... Check the table to learn the details on China’s exciting journey to the moon.”及全文可知,本文主要介绍了即将将宇航员送上月球的宇宙飞船“梦舟”和“揽月”的一些信息。因此其目的是为了提供一些关于中国载人探月任务的新宇宙飞船的信息。故选D。/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
02 航空航天
2024年,航空航天领域继续成为全球科技发展的前沿热点,各国在太空探索、商业航天、航空技术等方面取得了显著进展。中国持续推进“嫦娥工程”,计划在2024年发射“嫦娥七号”,开展月球南极地区的详细探测,为未来的月球科研站建设奠定基础。NASA的阿尔忒弥斯计划旨在重返月球,2024年计划执行“阿尔忒弥斯3号”任务,实现载人登月,并建立可持续的月球基地。多国联合推进月球探测任务,例如欧洲空间局(ESA)与中国的合作,以及美国与盟友在月球门户空间站(Lunar Gateway)项目上的协作。中国的“天问三号”任务计划在2024年启动,目标是实现火星样本返回,这将是人类首次从火星带回样本。
NASA的“火星样本返回”计划与ESA合作,计划在2024年发射样本返回着陆器,为2030年代的火星样本返回任务做准备。
中国天宫空间站进入全面运营阶段,2024年计划开展更多科学实验和国际合作项目。
2024年,航空航天领域在技术突破、商业化和国际合作方面将继续取得重要进展,推动人类探索太空的步伐迈向新的高度。这些不仅展现了科技的力量,也为未来的太空探索和地球可持续发展提供了新的可能性。
题型 主要内容
1 阅读理解 讲述了中国科学家通过引入地球细菌,让月球土壤更适合种植植物的研究进展,以及这一技术对未来在月球长期生存的帮助。
2 阅读理解 介绍了嫦娥6号成功登月并返回的报道以及这次任务的意义。
3 阅读理解 介绍了2024年中国航天探索取得的新成就,包括嫦娥六号月球探测器成功发射、采样并返回,神舟十九号载人飞船发射及宇航员任务,天舟八号发射及任务,彰显了中国探索宇宙的决心与实力以及对新一代的激励。
4 阅读理解 介绍了中国科学家正在尝试用月球土壤制造的砖块在月球上建造房屋。
5 阅读理解 介绍了嫦娥六号飞船成功从月球背面带回珍贵土壤。
6 阅读理解 报道了神舟19号载人飞船于2024年10月30日成功发射,并与中国空间站对接。此次任务包括蔡旭哲、宋领东和中国首位女航天飞行工程师王昊泽等宇航员。神舟19号团队将进行86项科技实验,旨在提升中国在世界航天领域的地位。
7 阅读理解 介绍了在珠海举办的第十五届中国国际航空航天展览会。
8 阅读理解 介绍了中国神舟十九号载人宇宙飞船成功发射以及宇航员的任务等情况。
9 阅读理解 介绍了嫦娥一号、“玉兔号”月球车、“墨子号”空间量子科学实验卫星等与中国古代传统文化之间的渊源,表明了我国传统文化对我国太空技术的深远影响。
10 阅读理解 介绍了即将将宇航员送上月球的宇宙飞船“梦舟”和“揽月”的一些信息。
一、阅读理解
01
So far, humans have landed on the moon for six times. If humans want to stay on the moon for long in the future, there will be a need for a source (来源) of food. It’s really a challenge, but scientists are taking steps toward making moon farming possible. Now Chinese researchers said that they had found a way to make moon soil (土壤) used for farming by introducing Earth bacteria (细菌).
Researchers from China tested five kinds of bacteria. They found during a period of 10 to 21 days, three of them doubled phosphorus content (磷含量), which is necessary for the growth of plants.
In the next step of the study, the researchers grew model plants in man-made moon soil with the three kinds of bacteria for 24 days. They discovered that the plants had longer stems and roots (茎和根) after six days, and heavier and wider leaves after 24 days, compared with those grown without the bacteria.
Besides, in another 24-day test, scientists found that plants with those bacteria had more chlorophyll (叶绿素), which helps plants use energy from light to grow.
China has made a plan for landing astronauts on the moon before 2030 to do scientific study. As astronauts need to live on the moon for a long time, bringing all food to the moon will cost a lot of money. Growing plants there will be helpful. However, earlier tests showed that moon soil is bad for growing plants. Many people began to feel hopeless. But this test offers them a good possible pick-me-up.
1.Chinese researches are taking steps towards ________.
①growing plants in sun soil ②making moon farming possible
③growing plants on the moon ④bringing food to the moon
A.①③ B.②③ C.②④ D.③④
2.What do you know about Earth bacteria
A.It is necessary for the growth of plants on the earth.
B.It causes plants to have more chlorophyll.
C.It makes the stems and roots of plants shorter.
D.It needs 24 days to double the weight of leaves.
3.How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 3
A.By giving an example. B.By using sayings.
C.By comparing facts. D.By setting a question.
4.Which is the right structure of the passage
(①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2,…)
A. B.
C. D.
5.What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage
A.To show how Chinese researchers invented Earth bacteria.
B.To explain why plants can be grown on moon soil.
C.To introduce tests about making moon soil used for moon farming.
D.To make a plan for landing astronauts on the moon before 2030.
02
On June 25th, the returner of the Chang’ e-6 probe brought back the world’s first samples (样本) collected from the moon’s far side. It landed in Siziwang Banner, North China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, marking the Chang’ e-6 mission a complete success.
Chang’e-6 is one of the most difficult tasks in China’s efforts to explore space. Including a lander, an ascender (上升器), an orbiter (轨道器) and a returner, it was sent to space on May 3rd this year.
On June 2nd, the lander-ascender combination (组合体) landed in the designated landing area on the far side of the moon and carried out sampling work.
On June 4th, the ascender took off from the moon with samples.
On June 6th, it connected with the orbiter-returner combination and moved samples to the returner. The ascender then separated (分离) from the combination and landed on the moon to avoid becoming space junk.
The orbiter-returner combination spent 13 days in lunar orbit, waiting for the right chance to return to Earth. Then the returner separated from the orbiter and headed for Earth.
“The Chang’ e-6 mission is an important step in the history of human lunar exploration, and it will help us better understand the evolution (演变) of the moon,” said Yang Wei, a researcher of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
“New samples will certainly lead to new discoveries. Now, Chinese scientists are eager to help with the development of lunar science,” Yang added.
6.How long does it take to complete the Chang’e-6 mission
A.One month. B.35 days. C.53 days. D.Two months.
7.The underlined word “eager” in the last paragraph probably means “________” in Chinese.
A.焦虑的 B.冷静的 C.渴望的 D.满足的
8.Which of the following can be put into No.50
A.waited for the chance to return
B.took off from the moon with samples
C.was sent to the space
D.moved a step in the space
9.Which of the following can be put into No.51
A.Meanings B.Goals C.Reasons D.Results
03
With continuous hard work of Chinese aerospace scientists and engineers, China’s aerospace exploration has reached new heights in 2024, making China one of the world-leading roles in this field.
The Chang’e-6 lunar probe (月球探测器) was successfully launched by the powerful Long March 5 rocket on May 3rd. After a long journey in space, it landed on the far side of the moon on June 2nd, collected samples, and finally returned to Earth on June 25th. It brought back 1935.3 grams of lunar samples (样本). This program achieves lots of historic firsts in lunar exploration, which helps us learn more about how the moon formed and developed.
The Shenzhou-19 manned spacecraft, an important mission in China’s manned spaceflight program, was launched on October 30th, sending three astronauts into space. The astronauts will carry out scientific experiments during their stay in space. They will focus on studying the influence of long-term spaceflights on the human body. At the same time, they will also test and build new space facilities, making preparations for future manned space explorations. The spacecraft is going to return to Earth in April or May of 2025.
On November 15th, another spacecraft named the Tianzhou 8 was launched and got onto the space station about three hours later. This spacecraft’s main task is to provide material support for the Shenzhou-19 astronauts. It also carried “lunar soil bricks”, which are needed for the experiments in space. After completing its job, the Tianzhou-8 spacecraft will be controlled to fall onto a planned area.
These achievements show China’s determination and strong power to explore the universe. China will never stop moving forward in space exploration and inspiring new generations to reach for more in the vast universe.
10.How long did the Chang’e-6 lunar probe stay on the moon
A.23 days B.29 days C.31 days D.53 days
11.What will the astronauts NOT do in space according to Paragraph 3
A.Carry out scientific experiments.
B.Test and build new space facilities.
C.Do research on what long-term spaceflights bring to the human body.
D.Make preparations for future manned moon explorations.
12.What can we learn from the passage
A.The Chang’e-6 lunar probe collected the first lunar samples in history.
B.The Long March 5 rocket took a long journey in space before landing.
C.The Shenzhou-19 astronauts will work on new facilities in space.
D.The Tianzhou-8 spacecraft also carried astronauts into space.
13.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage
(①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, …)
A. B. C. D.
14.What is the main idea of the passage
A.China has completed three important space missions in 2024.
B.China has strong determination and power in space exploration.
C.China has achieved great success in space exploration in 2024.
D.China will carry out more space explorations in the future.
04
①Chinese scientists are trying ways to build houses on the moon using bricks (砖) made from fake lunar soil (土). These bricks were sent to China’s space station on the Tianzhou-8 cargo spaceship. The team working on this project plans to shape the bricks using mortise and tenon joints (榫卯结构), a method from ancient buildings, to build an egg-shaped house on the moon, according to a CCTV report.
②The moon has always been an important goal for space exploration (探索). Many countries have made long-term plans for human activities on the moon. China hopes to send astronauts there by 2030 and build a research station by 2035. A lab in Wuhan, China, has created a sandbox to show how a future moon base might be built.
③Ding Lieyun, the leader of the team making the lunar soil bricks, said building on the moon is very hard. The moon has difficult environments, including no water, low gravity (重力), big temperature changes, and frequent small earthquakes (地震). These make the building process very difficult.
④After many tests, the team chose a two-layer dome design called the “lunar pot”, This design is light, uses fewer materials, and works well for keeping warm and staying strong. Inside, the house will have two levels: one for working and one for resting.
⑤The bricks will be made using a method from ancient Chinese building styles. Robots will put the bricks together, and 3D printing will make the structure stronger. These ideas are based on data from the U.S. Apollo program and China’s Chang’e-5 moon mission.
⑥The lunar bricks are now being tested in space to see if they can go through the difficult environment. The first brick should return to Earth by 2025, bringing us closer to building homes on the moon.
15.Which of the followings is the right shape of the house on the moon
A. B.
C. D.
16.What does the underlined word “These” refer to in Paragraph 3
A.The lunar soil bricks. B.Difficult environments.
C.Big temperature changes D.Small earthquakes.
17.What can we infer from the passage
A.Building houses on the moon is a difficult task for Chinese scientists.
B.The lunar bricks are already used to build a complete house on the moon.
C.China is making some improvements in building houses on the moon.
D.Many countries show great interest in building houses on the Mars.
18.Which of the following best describes the structure of the passage
A.
B.
C.
D.
05
On May 3, 2024, Chang’e 6 Spacecraft was sent from Wenchang Space Launch Center to the far side of the Moon. On June 25, it travelled back and brought valuable soil (土壤) from there for the first time.
Before Chang’e 6, Chang’e 4 landed on the Moon’s far side on January 3, 2019, but it did not collect and bring back moon soil. It only explored the area near its landing site.
During its 49-hour stay, Chang’e 6 used tools to collect soil from the surface and underground. The soil is very important because it will help scientists around the world to study the Moon.
Before this, all soil was from the near side of the Moon. For example, Chang’e 5 brought back the soil from the near side of the Moon. It has helped scientists find a new mineral (矿物质): Changesite-(Y). So the soil that Chang’e 6 brought back can raise new hopes to scientific study. And the success of Chang’e 6 shows China is becoming stronger and stronger in space exploration.
19.When did Chang’e 6 Spacecraft travel back to the Earth
A.June 25, 2024. B.May 3, 2024. C.June 25, 2019. D.January 3, 2019.
20.How is Chang’e 6 different from Chang’e 4
A.Chang’e 6 travelled around the Moon. B.Chang’e 6 brought back soil from the far side.
C.Chang’e 6 explored areas near its landing site. D.Chang’e 6 landed on the near side of the Moon.
21.Why is the soil important
A.It can help plant new crops. B.It can support life on the Moon.
C.It helps us learn about the Moon. D.It is from the surface and underground.
22.What can we learn from the last paragraph
A.Changesite-(Y) is from the far side. B.It’s very difficult to study the moon soil.
C.China is improving in space exploration. D.The near side of the Moon is more important.
23.What is the best title for the passage
A.New finding: Changesite-(Y). B.History of space exploration.
C.Difficulties of moon exploration. D.Soil from the far side of the Moon.
06
In 2003, China’s first astronaut Yang Liwei entered space successfully. 21 years later, the successful launch of the Shenzhou-19 manned spaceship on October 30 at 4:27 a.m. made Chinese have more confidence in China’s science and technology.
The astronauts on this task include Cai Xuzhe, Song Lingdong, and China’s first woman astronaut flight engineer, Wang Haoze. Song Lingdong and Wang Haoze, both born in the 1990s, make their first journey into space.
6-and-a-half hours after leaving from Earth, the Shenzhou-19 manned spaceship successfully rendezvoused and docked (对接) with China’s Tiangong Space Station. The Shenzhou-19 astronauts entered the space station and were warmly welcomed by the Shenzhou-18 astronauts, who have been in space for half a year. “Half a year ago, it was the Shenzhou-17 astronauts who welcomed us here. Now, it is our turn to welcome you. Let’s continue building our space home together.” The Shenzhou-18 astronauts said.
The Shenzhou-19 team will do 86 science and technology experiments. China’s space program hopes to play a greater role in the world.
24.When was the Shenzhou-19 manned spaceship launched successfully
A.On October 30, 2023. B.On October 30, 2024.
C.On October 13, 2023. D.On November 30, 2024.
25.Who is China’s first woman astronaut flight engineer
A.Yang Liwei. B.Cai Xuzhe. C.Song Lingdong. D.Wang Haoze.
26.What does the pronoun “you” in Paragraph 3 refer to
A.The Shenzhou-16 astronauts. B.The Shenzhou-17 astronauts.
C.The Shenzhou-18 astronauts. D.The Shenzhou-19 astronauts.
27.What is the text above
A.A poster. B.An ad. C.A piece of news. D.A story.
07
①The 15th China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition (航空航天博览会), widely known as China’s most important air show, opened to the public in Zhuhai Guangdong province, on November 12, 2024. This amazing event attracted over 1,000 companies from 47 countries and regions (地区), showing the latest advancements, especially in military (军事的) technology.
②One of the most exciting things at the exhibition was the uncovering of China’s new military technology. For example, China’s own j-20S fighter jet was shown in public for the first time. This is a new type of stealth (隐形的) fighter jet that can fly long distances and carry out many different missions. It is also a double-seater, which means it has two seats for the pilots, making it even more powerful.
③The j-20S is an improvement from China’s previous j-20 fighter jet. It is designed to be even more stealthy, with special materials that reduce its radar signature (雷达信号). It also has new electronic warfare (战斗) systems, missiles (导弹), and radar (雷达), which make it better at finding and attacking enemy targets. The j-20S can fly very fast and move around easily, thanks to its new wing and tail designs, as well as a new type of engine.
④Besides the j-20s, China also showed many other amazing aircraft (航天器) and weapons (武器) at the exhibition. There were drones (无人机) that can fly high in the sky, unmanned boats that can sail on the ocean, and even the lunar samples that Chang’e-6 collected from the far side of moon.
⑤The exhibition was not just about showing off new technology. It was also a chance for companies from around the world to come together and learn from each other. Many important deals were made during the event, including a big order for 130 new Chinese-made passenger planes.
28.Where was the exhibition held
A.In Beijing. B.In Chengdu. C.In Zhuhai. D.In Guangzhou.
29.What can we infer about the j-20s fighter jet
A.It was shown in public for the first time.
B.It has limited abilities in finding enemy targets.
C.It shows an important improvement in military technology.
D.It is designed for short-distance flights.
30.Which of the following definitions is right for the underlined word “sail” in Paragraph ④
Sail /se l/ Verb a.to travel on water ·The boat sailed smoothly across the lake. b.to begin a journey on water ·We sail at 2 p.m. tomorrow. Noun c.large pieces of material used to make a boat travel ·As the boat moved down the river the wind start to fill the sails. d.a trip in a boat or ship ·We went for a two-boar sail.
A.a. B.b. C.c D.d
31.Which is the right structure of this passage
A. B. C. D.
08
Early on Wednesday morning, a big rocket called Long March-2F Y19 took off from Jiuquan in Northwest China. It carried three astronauts on a trip to the China Space Station.
After about 10 minutes, the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft separated from the rocket and entered its designated orbit (轨道). This meant the launch was a success!
The China Space Station will welcome the new Shenzhou-19 crew (机组人员), led by experienced astronaut Cai Xuzhe and newcomers Song Lingdong and female astronaut Wang Haoze, about 6.5 hours after mander (指令长) Cai is going back to space just 22 months after his last trip, which is a record for the shortest time between missions in the history of Chinese astronauts. Song and Wang, both born in 1990, are on their first space mission. Wang is also China’s first female spaceflight engineer.
This is the fourth time that astronauts have flown to the space station to work and do experiments, and it’s the 33rd mission in China’s manned space program. The main tasks include switching (交换) crews with the Shenzhou-18 astronauts, staying on the station for six months, doing space experiments, going outside the spacecraft and so on. After launch, Shenzhou-19 will connect to the Tianhe module of the space station about 6.5 hours later. They will come back to Earth in late April or early May.
For this mission, the developers made the Shenzhou-19 spacecraft better by improving its design, so it can carry more supplies (供给). This helps the astronauts and makes the space station work more effectively.
32.What does the underlined word “designated” mean in the second paragraph
A.planned B.named C.changed D.common
33.What is Wang Haoze’s special achievement
A.She is the youngest of the crew.
B.She is the first female spaceman.
C.She has flown to the space station four times.
D.She is China’s first female spaceflight engineer.
34.Which of the following statements is TRUE
A.The Shenzhou-18 will return in May.
B.Cai Xuzhe is on his first space mission.
C.Shenzhou-19 separated from the rocket after 20 minutes.
D.Improvements in the spacecraft design allow it to carry more supplies.
35.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A.A Successful Launch of Shenzhou-19
B.The Main Tasks of Shenzhou-19 Crew
C.The History of China’s Space Exploration
D.The Development of China’s Space Technology
09
So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names.
Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see, China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e I. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true.
Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called KuaFu Mission.
Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2, 000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground.
From such simple things as giving names to the satellites, we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology.
36.In China, space scientists get ideas from ________ when naming satellites.
①old stories ②traditional projects
③ancient famous people ④ popular inventions
A.①② B.①③ C.②④ D.③④
37.What do we know about Chang’e I according to the passage
A.It moves around the moon. B.It protects the Jade Rabbit.
C.It “visits” the sun with the scientists. D.It is the world’s first man-made satellite.
38.How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 4
A.By listing numbers. B.By comparing facts.
C.By giving an example. D.By reporting a result.
39.Which is the right structure of the passage
(①=Paragraph 1 ②=Paragraph 2,…)
A. B.
C. D.
40.What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage
A.To spread the traditional Chinese culture.
B.To explain how our scientists develop the space industry.
C.To introduce the achievements in our science and technology.
D.To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science.
10
China has named the spacecraft that will put its astronauts on the moon. The new manned spacecraft is Mengzhou and the lunar lander is Lanyue. China plans to land its astronauts on the moon around 2030. Check the table to learn the details on China’s exciting journey to the moon.
MENGZHOU AND LANYUETake Chinese People’s Dream To The Moon Closer
Mengzhou — The manned spacecraft Meaning of the name: Dream boat The name carries the Chinese people’s space exploration dreams to the moon. Main tasks: Carry out China’s manned lunar exploration Operate near-Earth space station Payload: For lunar tasks, it can carry 3 astronauts round trip between the ground and lunar orbit (轨道). For near-Earth orbit tasks, it can carry 7 astronauts round trip between the ground and space station. Lanyue — The lunar lander Meaning of the name: Clasping the moon The name symbolizes the bravery and confidence of the Chinese people in exploring the universe and landing on the moon. Main tasks: Transport between lunar orbit and lunar surface Serve as the center for astronaut activities, energy supply, and data transmission on the moon Support lunar exploration and activities Payload: It can carry 2 astronauts round trip, lunar rover, and scientific payloads.
Exploration Steps 1. Two Long March-10 rockets are launched (发射). One carries Mengzhou and the other carries Lanyue. 2. The two spacecraft meet and join in lunar orbit and the astronauts enter the lander. 3. The Lanyue lander sends the astronauts to the lunar surface. 4. The astronauts carry out scientific exploration and sample (样本) collection on the lunar surface as planned. 5. After completing the job on the moon, the Lanyue lander takes the astronauts to go up to lunar orbit. 6. The two spacecraft meet and join again, and the astronauts take the lunar samples to the Mengzhou spacecraft. 7. The Mengzhou spacecraft returns to Earth with the moon samples.
41.Which of the following is Lanyue’s task
A.Operate near-Earth space station.
B.Support Earth exploration and activities.
C.Transport between the ground and space station.
D.Work as the center for energy supply on the moon.
42.What can we learn from the exploration steps
A.The same rocket sends Mengzhou and Lanyue into space.
B.Astronauts reach and leave the moon in the Lanyue lander.
C.Mengzhou and Lanyue join together at the space station.
D.The Lanyue lander returns to Earth with the samples on the moon.
43.What is the purpose of this passage
A.To encourage the youth to make inventions for China’s moon program.
B.To tell the reader about the history of China’s lunar exploration journey.
C.To offer suggestions on how to take up challenges in the lunar exploration task.
D.To give information on the new spacecraft for China’s manned lunar exploration task.