40.【2025年高考英语分类练】阅读理解C&D篇之议论文
能力提升组组合卷
（试题说明+技巧点拨+单词清障+最新全国各地真题模拟题精选） 教师版
【试题说明】
语篇 主题语境 体裁 难度系数 适合阶段
C&D 1 人与社会之学习过程中的挣扎、错误与成长之间的关系 议论文 难（0.4） 2025届高三英语
C&D 2 人与社会之肯·克里姆斯坦的连环画小说《爱因斯坦漫游卡夫卡仙境》的书评 议论文 难（0.4）
C&D 3 人与社会之纽约大都会运输署(MTA)批准征收交通拥堵费 议论文 适中（0.65）
C&D 4 人与社会之关于内燃机汽车和电动汽车的政策和观点 议论文 适中（0.65）
C&D 5 人与社会之“押韵即理由效应”（rhyme-as-reason effect）这一认知现象 议论文 难（0.4）
【技巧点拨】
阅读理解C&D篇之议论文 解题策略
阅读前
快速浏览：先快速浏览文章标题、开头、结尾以及每段的首句，大致了解文章的主题和主旨方向，判断文章是关于社会现象、学术观点、文化问题还是其他领域的讨论。例如，如果标题是 “The Benefits of Online Learning”，可以初步判断文章是围绕在线学习的好处展开论述。
阅读中
明确论点：议论文的核心是论点，要找出作者在文章中提出的主要观点。论点通常在文章开头或结尾直接提出，也可能在中间段落通过过渡句等方式引出。比如，文章开头可能会说 “In this essay, I will argue that technology has greatly changed our lives”，这就是明确的论点。
分析论据：论据是支持论点的材料，可能包括事实、数据、例子、专家意见等。阅读时要注意识别这些论据，并分析它们是如何为论点服务的。比如，为了证明 “技术改变生活” 的论点，作者可能会列举智能手机让人们沟通更便捷、在线购物改变消费方式等事实作为论据。
理清论证结构：注意文章的论证结构，常见的有总分总、总分、分总等结构，还有可能是递进式、并列式等。分析段落之间的逻辑关系，有助于把握文章的整体脉络。比如，采用总分总结构的文章，开头提出论点，中间几段分别从不同方面进行论证，结尾总结观点并升华主题。
关注关键词：留意文中的关键词，如表示转折、因果、对比、递进等关系的连词，如 “but”“however”“therefore”“in addition” 等，这些词往往提示着文章的逻辑走向和重点内容。
解题时
细节理解题
定位原文：根据题干中的关键词，在文章中找到对应的段落和句子，仔细阅读相关内容，与选项进行对比，注意选项可能是对原文的同义替换、改写或概括。
排除干扰项：常见的干扰项有与原文内容不符、以偏概全、无中生有等。比如，选项中可能会把文中的部分情况扩大到整体，或者添加了文章中没有的信息。
主旨大意题
结合论点和结构：综合文章的论点以及整体论证结构来概括主旨大意，要涵盖文章的主要内容和核心观点，不能只局限于某一段或某一部分的内容。
辨析选项特点：正确选项通常具有概括性、全面性，而错误选项可能过于具体或过于宽泛，或者偏离了文章的主要论述方向。
推理判断题
合理推断：根据文章提供的信息进行合理的推理和判断，不能过度推断或主观臆断。要基于原文的事实和逻辑，推出作者没有直接表达的隐含意义。
注意语气和态度：注意作者在文章中的语气和态度，是支持、反对、中立还是其他，这有助于判断推理的方向和合理性。
词义猜测题
根据上下文：通过生词所在的上下文语境来猜测词义，利用句子之间的逻辑关系、同义词、反义词、举例等线索来推断生词的大致意思。
代入验证：将猜测的词义代入原文，看是否符合上下文的逻辑和语义，如果通顺合理，那么猜测的结果可能是正确的。
检查答案
再次核对：完成答题后，将答案与文章内容再次核对，确保答案的准确性和合理性，尤其要注意一些细节问题，避免因粗心而丢分。
【词汇清障】
C&D 1 词汇连线题
第一组
precious A. 悲观的；厌世的
pessimistic B. 挫折；挣扎；斗争
struggle C. 复杂的；难懂的
complicated D. 珍贵的；宝贵的
discourage E. 使气馁；使沮丧；阻碍
答案：1 - D；2 - A；3 - B；4 - C；5 - E
第二组
transformation A. 动机；积极性；干劲
motivation B. 转变；转化；改革
norm C. 强调；着重；使突出
emphasize D. 标准；规范；常态
encounter E. 遭遇；遇到；偶然碰到
答案：1 - B；2 - A；3 - D；4 - C；5 - E
C&D 2 词汇连线题
第一组
critical A. 引起思考的；发人深省的
thought - provoking B. 使结合；使联合；同时做
combine C. 有特色的；典型的
characteristic D. 关键的；批评的；危急的
obsessive E. 着迷的；过度的；强迫性的
答案：1 - D；2 - A；3 - B；4 - C；5 - E
第二组
bind A. 突破；重大进展
breakthrough B. 瞥一眼；一看；短暂的感受
glimpse C. 探索；探测；探险
explore D. 把…… 关起来；圈起来；使不能逃脱
pen E. 使紧密联系；约束；捆绑
答案：1 - E；2 - A；3 - B；4 - C；5 - D
C&D 3 词汇连线题
第一组
propose A. 基础设施；基础建设
infrastructure B. 提出；提议；建议
survive C. 批准；认可；赞成
approve D. 对…… 收费；充电；控告
charge E. 幸存；存活；艰难度过
答案：1 - B；2 - A；3 - E；4 - C；5 - D
第二组
reliability A. 基础设施；基础建设
universal B. 可靠性；可信赖性
suit C. 普遍的；全体的；通用的
infrastructure D. 诉讼；套装；适合
finance E. 财政；金融；为…… 提供资金
答案：1 - B；2 - C；3 - D；4 - A；5 - E
C&D 4 词汇连线题
第一组
emission A. 加速；加快；促进
accelerate B. 妥协；折中；妥协方案
compromise C. 转变；过渡；变迁
transition D. 排放物；散发；排放
address E. 设法解决；处理；演讲
答案：1 - D；2 - A；3 - B；4 - C；5 - E
第二组
decade A. 最终；最后；根本
ultimately B. 减少；降低；刹车
brake C. 要求；需要；请求
demand D. 十年；十年期
replace E. 取代；代替；替换
答案：1 - D；2 - A；3 - B；4 - C；5 - E
C&D 5 词汇连线题
第一组
hand down A. 认知的；感知的；认识的
cognitive B. 格言；警句
aphorism C. 应用；申请；涂抹
application D. 流传；传给（后代）；宣布
judge E. 判断；评判；审判
答案：1 - D；2 - A；3 - B；4 - C；5 - E
第二组
accurate A. 调查；研究；审查
investigate B. 偏见；偏心；偏袒
prejudice C. 准确的；精确的；正确无误的
aesthetically D. 美学上；审美地
insufficient E. 不足的；不够的；不胜任的
答案：1 - C；2 - A；3 - B；4 - D；5 - E
【习题精做】
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
C&D 1
（24-25高三上·广东深圳·期末）I have been studying the French language for three years. This field of study has been the hardest but most precious of my life. I would put it above the study of writing simply because I started writing as a 6-year-old boy under my mother’s guidance. I always “felt” I could write. I did not always “feel” I could study a foreign language effectively.
But here I am, right now, in a French hotel. I spoke French at the border, when I checked in and when I went to get lunch. I fail to speak with fluency. I mishear words. I can’t really use complicated grammar. But my words are perfectly understandable and serve their purpose. I feel, as I always do, like I am lost in the dark, but with each misstep, I find my way more clearly. I didn’t feel it when reading French novels; I didn’t feel it at school. I just felt it when I first arrived Paris.
I’m emphasizing feelings because, when studying, they are as important as any reality. The fear of making mistakes feeds the hopeless and makes learners quit. It is not the study of language that is hard. It is the feelings of who you are at the present level and pessimistic belief of who you will always be that make it hard. The transformation to turn struggles into growth is what truly makes learning a life-changing journey.
Maybe one day, someone will say something to me that I do not understand, and in that moment. I may feel a bit discouraged. But now, I feel a sense of being high. These moments of confidence and motivation are precious, for they remind me of how far I’ve come. They are not the norm (常态), though. The truth is, the lows are what I encounter more often. They are part of the learning process, part of the transformation that shapes us into better versions of ourselves. And yet, it is through these lows that I am constantly learning and growing.
1. How does the author feel about making mistakes in French
A. Awkward. B. Hopeless. C. Competent. D. Rewarding.
2. Why does the author emphasize feelings
A. To highlight his struggles in learning French.
B. To show that positive thinking can drive growth.
C. To illustrate that people should follow their hearts.
D. To clarify his experience in mindset transformation.
3. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. The lows are always followed by highs.
B. Feeling confident should be made a norm.
C. Struggles are an essential part of learning.
D. The ups are the real times when learning occurs.
4. Which statement might the author probably agree with
A. Fail again, fail better. B. Stay grounded, work for greatness.
C. Accept the lows, wait for the chance. D. Be courageous, explore the unknown.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A
【难度】0.4
【知识点】学习、议论文、个人经历
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了学习过程中的挣扎、错误与成长之间的关系，以及这些经历对个人成长的重要性。
1. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“I fail to speak with fluency. I mishear words. I can’t really use complicated grammar. But my words are perfectly understandable and serve their purpose. (我说得不流利。我听错单词。我真的不会使用复杂的语法。但我的话完全可以理解，并且达到了目的。)”以及最后一段中“These moments of confidence and motivation are precious, for they remind me of how far I’ve come. (这些自信和动力的时刻是宝贵的，因为它们提醒我我已经走了多远。)”可知，作者认为自己在法语中犯错是宝贵的经历，并且能让他意识到自己的进步，故作者认为在法语中犯错是值得的。故选D。
2. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The fear of making mistakes feeds the hopeless and makes learners quit. It is not the study of language that is hard. It is the feelings of who you are at the present level and pessimistic belief of who you will always be that make it hard. The transformation to turn struggles into growth is what truly makes learning a life-changing journey. (对犯错误的恐惧滋养了绝望，使学习者放弃。难的不是语言学习本身。难的是你在当前水平的自我认知，以及你对自己永远会是这样的悲观信念。将挣扎转化为成长的转变，才是真正让学习成为改变人生的旅程。)”可知，作者强调感受是为了表明积极的思考可以推动成长，将挣扎转化为成长的转变，才是真正让学习成为改变人生的旅程。故选B。
3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The truth is, the lows are what I encounter more often. They are part of the learning process, part of the transformation that shapes us into better versions of ourselves. And yet, it is through these lows that I am constantly learning and growing. (事实是，我遇到更多的是低谷。它们是学习过程的一部分，是塑造我们成为更好自己的转变的一部分。然而，正是通过这些低谷，我一直在学习和成长。)”可知，作者认为挣扎和低谷是学习过程中的重要部分，它们有助于我们的成长。故选C。
4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Maybe one day, someone will say something to me that I do not understand, and in that moment. I may feel a bit discouraged. But now, I feel a sense of being high. These moments of confidence and motivation are precious, for they remind me of how far I’ve come. (这些自信和动力的时刻是宝贵的，因为它们提醒我我已经走了多远。)”可知，作者认为自己在法语中犯错是宝贵的经历，并且能让他意识到自己的进步；再根据最后一段中“The truth is, the lows are what I encounter more often. They are part of the learning process, part of the transformation that shapes us into better versions of ourselves. And yet, it is through these lows that I am constantly learning and growing. (事实是，我遇到更多的是低谷。它们是学习过程的一部分，是塑造我们成为更好自己的转变的一部分。然而，正是通过这些低谷，我一直在学习和成长。)”可知，作者认为挣扎和低谷是学习过程中的重要部分，它们有助于我们的成长，由此可知，作者可能同意“再试一次，更好地失败”这一观点，即不要害怕失败，要从失败中学习并再次尝试。故选A。
C&D 2
（2024·全国·模拟预测）It was April 1, 1911, and 32-year-old Albert Einstein sat in a train with his family, traveling from Zurich to Prague, where Einstein had landed a job as a full professor in Charles University. He had a few things on his mind, but the most critical was his unfinished theory of relativity. When they left the city 15 months later, Einstein would have cracked the code.
What happened over the course of this long, mysterious time period in Prague is the question driving Ken Krimstein’s new graphic novel (连环画小说) Einstein in Kafkaland. Part biography, part historical fiction, the book combines comics and watercolors to create a thought-provoking read. Throughout, cartoon- Einstein sports (故意显示) his characteristic pipe alongside a signature frizzy head of hair, but it’s his obsessive reflections that perhaps most effectively signal what has become Einstein-the-character.
Krimstein pairs Einstein’s story with that of Franz Kafka, who was 28, virtually unpublished, and living with his parents in a house in Prague. Both men share an enthusiasm for uncovering the “true truth”. For both, a journey to find this truth, whether in science or literature, is one that will sometimes cause them pain but may ultimately bind them to others. During Einstein’s time in Prague, he worked out his theory of relativity, while Kafka had his own breakthrough, penning The Judgment.
Despite his title, Krimstein centers his book unevenly, focusing mainly on Einstein, and taking us step by step through the deep thinking that leads to his discovery. However, along the way he also provides readers with a glimpse into the life of Kafka and imagines conversations between him and Einstein. These discussions explore what it means to see the world differently from everyone else.
Krimstein blends intellectual history with biographical details, describing Einstein’s debates with colleagues, thought experiments, and everyday life. He shows Einstein engaging in discussions with physicists like Max Abraham and Paul Ehrenfest, as well as conducting thought experiments with his family.
At its heart, Einstein in Kafkaland is a story of ordinary geniuses. It demonstrates how extraordinary discoveries often arise from ordinary circumstances and develop through exchanges with others - friends, family, colleagues, and even rivals. The book emphasizes that works of genius typically emerge through dialogs and interaction, rather than in isolation.
5. What is the main focus of Einstein in Kafkaland
A. A series of lifelike cartoons of Einstein. B. Kafka’s literary breakthrough in Prague.
C. The comparison between Einstein and Kafka. D. Einstein’s development of the theory of relativity.
6. What does Krimstein say about Einstein and Kafka in his book
A. They are opponents competing for recognition.
B. They are parallel figures with similar pursuit.
C. They are frustrated beginners in their own field.
D. They are representatives of science and literature.
7. How does Krimstein describe Einstein’s intellectual journey
A. By listing his life events in order of time.
B. By comparing him to contemporary figures.
C. By mixing the study of ideas with personal stories.
D. By focusing on his scientific papers and publications.
8. What does the book suggest about the nature of groundbreaking discoveries
A. They are driven by personal ambition. B. They rely on communication with others.
C. They are rooted in logical reasoning. D. They are typically accidental and unplanned.
【答案】5. D 6. B 7. C 8. B
【难度】0.4
【知识点】文学形式与文学作品、议论文
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文是关于肯·克里姆斯坦的连环画小说《爱因斯坦漫游卡夫卡仙境》的书评。
5. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“It was April 1, 1911, and 32-year-old Albert Einstein sat in a train with his family, traveling from Zurich to Prague, where Einstein had landed a job as a full professor in Charles University. He had a few things on his mind, but the most critical was his unfinished theory of relativity. (那是1911年4月1日，32岁的阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦和他的家人坐在一列火车上，从苏黎世前往布拉格，爱因斯坦在那里找到了一份查尔斯大学正教授的工作。他心里有几件事，但最关键的是他未完成的相对论。)”以及第三段中的“During Einstein’s time in Prague, he worked out his theory of relativity, while Kafka had his own breakthrough, penning The Judgment. (在爱因斯坦在布拉格期间，他完成了相对论理论，而卡夫卡也有自己的突破，写下了《判决》。)”可知，这本连环画小说的主要内容是关于爱因斯坦在布拉格期间对相对论理论的发展，而不是关于爱因斯坦的连环画、卡夫卡在布拉格的文学突破或爱因斯坦和卡夫卡的比较。故选D项。
6. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Krimstein pairs Einstein’s story with that of Franz Kafka, who was 28, virtually unpublished, and living with his parents in a house in Prague. (Krimstein将爱因斯坦的故事与28岁的弗朗茨·卡夫卡的故事相提并论，卡夫卡当时几乎未发表过作品，和他的父母一起住在布拉格的一所房子里。)”和“Both men share an enthusiasm for uncovering the ‘true truth’. (这两个人都热衷于揭露‘真正的真相’。)”可知，Krimstein在书中将爱因斯坦和卡夫卡描述为具有相似追求的平行人物。故选B项。
7. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“However, along the way he also provides readers with a glimpse into the life of Kafka and imagines conversations between him and Einstein. (然而，在这一路上，他还为读者提供了对卡夫卡生活的一瞥，并想象了他和爱因斯坦之间的对话。)”和第五段第一句“Krimstein blends intellectual history with biographical details, describing Einstein’s debates with colleagues, thought experiments, and everyday life. (Krimstein将知识史与传记细节相结合，描述了爱因斯坦与同事的辩论、思想实验和日常生活。)”可知，Krimstein通过将思想研究与个人故事相结合来描述爱因斯坦的求知之旅。故选C项。
8. 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“It demonstrates how extraordinary discoveries often arise from ordinary circumstances and develop through exchanges with others - friends, family, colleagues, and even rivals.The book emphasizes that works of genius typically emerge through dialogs and interaction, rather than in isolation. (它展示了非凡的发现往往源于平凡的环境，并通过与他人（朋友、家人、同事甚至竞争对手）的交流而发展。这本书强调，天才的作品通常是通过对话和互动而产生的，而不是孤立的。)”可知，这本书认为开创性的发现依赖于与他人的交流，并且B项中的communication with others与原文中exchanges with others、dialogs and interaction相呼应。故选B项。
C&D 3
（2024·全国·模拟预测）William Vickrey, an economist, first proposed congestion (拥堵) pricing in 1952 for New York’s transport system. It has taken decades, some false starts and some delaying, but the idea finally has the green light in the Big Apple. Earlier this month the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) approved the plan.
From May, drivers of cars entering Manhattan’s central business district will have to pay $15. Lorries, depending on their size, will be charged $24 or $36. Taxis will face a $1.25 surcharge (附加费) per ride, rather than fees every time they enter the zone. Ride share drivers, such as Uber, will get a $ 2.50 charge. At night, fees will be 75% cheaper.
The hope is that the fees will relieve traffic. More than 900 000 cars enter what will become the charging zone daily. Travel speeds fell by 23% between 2010 and 2018. The MTA expects 17% fewer vehicles on the city’s streets, decreasing air pollution and helping the economy. However, the main reason the plan was approved was the money it should bring in — $1 billion annually. The project should improve reliability as well as access to the transport system, which dates from the 1930s.
However, the plan has not been met with universal delight. New Jersey drivers already pay to cross into the city, and the Garden State has filed suit. Fort Lee, a town on the New Jersey side of the George Washington Bridge, has made a request for air-quality concerns. The town expects increased traffic as lorry drivers try to avoid paying fees.
If New York gets this right, says Tom Wright of the Regional Plan Association, which has pushed for congestion (拥堵) pricing since 1996, “it’s going to influence the planning and policy of other great metro regions”. Fuel taxes have been the main tool of capital finance in transport. They are declining as a source of public finance, while congestion pricing could be a new one. So far, about 60% of the infrastructure needed to charge cars is already in place.
9. Which of the following details about the charge rule is mentioned in Paragraph 2
A. Taxis are charged for every two rides.
B. The night fees will be higher.
C. The charge of lorries varies in size.
D. Ride share drivers need to pay less fees than taxi drivers.
10. Why is the plan approved
A. To relieve the traffic pressure. B. To reduce air pollution.
C. To follow experts’ advice. D. To raise the financial income.
11. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. The reasons for the approval. B. The disadvantages of the plan.
C. The benefits of the project. D. The advice of experts.
12. What does Tom Wright think of the project
A. It is uncertain. B. It is promising.
C. It is challenging. D. It is hopeless.
【答案】9. C 10. D 11. B 12. B
【难度】0.65
【知识点】交通与运输 、社会问题与社会现象、议论文
【导语】这是一篇议论文。纽约大都会运输署(MTA)批准征收交通拥堵费。文章讨论了这一做法的利弊及其影响。
9. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Lorries, depending on their size, will be charged $24 or $36.(根据卡车的车型大小，卡车司机会被收取24美元或36美元)”可知，对卡车的收费因其车型大小而异。故选C。
10. 细节理解题。根据第三段“However, the main reason the plan was approved was the money it should bring in — $ 1 billion annually.(然而，该计划获得批准的主要原因在于这项计划预计每年能带来10亿美元的收益”可知，该计划获得批准的主要原因在于它能增加财政收入。故选D。
11. 主旨大意题。根据第四段“However, the plan has not been met with universal delight. New Jersey drivers already pay to cross into the city, and the Garden State has filed suit. Fort Lee, a town on the New Jersey side of the George Washington Bridge, has made a request for air-quality concerns. The town expects increased traffic as lorry drivers try to avoid paying fees.(然而，该计划并没有受到普遍欢迎。新泽西的司机已经在付钱进入这座城市，这个花园之州已经提起了诉讼。位于乔治华盛顿大桥新泽西一侧的李堡镇提出了空气质量要求。由于卡车司机试图避免支付费用，该镇预计交通会增加)”可知，第四段主要介绍了该计划的弊端。故选B。
12. 推理判断题。根据第五段“If New York gets this right, says Tom Wright of the Regional Plan Association, which has pushed for congestion (拥堵) pricing since 1996, “it’s going to influence the planning and policy of other great metro regions”.(区域规划协会从1996年就开始推进拥堵收费政策施行，该协会的Tom Wright说，如果纽约在这方面做得好，“它将影响其他大都市区的规划和政策”)”可推知，Tom Wright认为这项政策有前景。故选B。
C&D 4
（24-25高三上·安徽阜阳·期末）Worldwide, the planes, trains and automobiles we use to get around pumped much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, one-fifth of all man-made emissions. Some three-quarters of transport emissions came from road vehicles. Converting road transport to run on green energy would be a huge step towards achieving net zero emissions by mid-century, a change needed if we are to limit global warming to safe levels. This is why policymakers have been pushing car makers to accelerate efforts to bring an end to the manufacture of vehicles fitted with an internal combustion engine (内燃机). In the European Union, the two sides agreed to reach that destination by 2035.However, the deadline was practically difficult to meet. Therefore, they finally arrived at a compromise (折中) solution: new cars with internal combustion engines can continue to be sold after 2035, provided the engines use carbon-neutral (碳中和的) fuels.
Some people in the automotive industry want to keep the internal combustion engine alive. The idea is attractive to short-sighted policymakers, too, because it reduces the expense of charging equipment and to teach people the skills to build and maintain different technologies. However, not all car makers want to delay. Many understand that the transition to electric vehicles will take time, and want to get on with transforming their businesses. They want policy certainty and continuity from governments to allow them to get down to business.
If the electric-vehicle transition is further delayed, there are likely to be bad effects elsewhere that will ultimately put a brake on global decarbonization (脱碳).
The growing global demand for personal mobility means a truly green transport transition will happen only by addressing another factor. Technological innovation will take us only so far: behavioural change is also needed. Alongside a convincing and evidence-based strategy to develop electric vehicles and replace fossil fuels, we must plan and redesign urban environments around the world to encourage active transport — walking and cycling — rather than driving. That surely is the best route to a cleaner, healthier world.
13. What’s the final agreement of the European Union on cars after 2035
A. Internal combustion engines mustn’t be produced.
B. Cars with internal combustion engines mustn’t be sold.
C. Internal combustion engines must be removed from all vehicles.
D. New cars with internal combustion engines must use carbon-neutral fuels.
14. Why can internal combustion engines be still alive
A. Automotive industry hopes to get more profits.
B. Few people want to learn different technologies.
C. Policymakers don’t want to spend money on charging devices.
D. Most people won’t reject cars with internal combustion engines.
15. What does the author stress in the last paragraph
A. Reducing the use of cars. B. Keeping policy stability.
C. Evidence-based strategy. D. Technological innovation.
16. In which section of a newspaper does the text probably appear
A. Culture. B. Opinion. C. Entertainment. D. Lifestyle.
【答案】13. D 14. C 15. A 16. B
【难度】0.65
【知识点】交通与运输 、议论文
【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文主要讨论了关于内燃机汽车和电动汽车的政策和观点，以及作者对于未来交通方式的看法。
13. 细节理解题。根据第一段“They finally arrived at a compromise solution: new cars with internal combustion engines can continue to be sold after 2035, provided the engines use carbon-neutral fuels. (他们最终达成了折衷方案：2035年后，新内燃机汽车可以继续销售，前提是发动机使用碳中和燃料。)”可知，欧盟关于2035年后汽车的最终协议是新内燃机汽车必须使用碳中和燃料。故选D。
14. 细节理解题。第二段提到“The idea is attractive to short-sighted policymakers, too, because it reduces the expense of charging equipment and to teach people the skills to build and maintain different technologies.(这个想法对目光短浅的政策制定者也很有吸引力，因为它减少了充电设备的费用，并教会人们构建和维护不同技术的技能。)”可知，内燃机还能继续存在是因为政策制定者不想在充电设备上花钱。故选C。
15. 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“we must plan and redesign urban environments around the world to encourage active transport — walking and cycling — rather than driving. That surely is the best route to a cleaner, healthier world.(我们必须规划和重新设计世界各地的城市环境，鼓励积极出行——步行和骑自行车——而不是开车。这无疑是通往更清洁、更健康世界的最佳途径。)”可知，作者在最后一段强调了减少汽车的使用。故选A。
16. 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讨论了关于内燃机汽车和电动汽车的政策和观点，以及作者对于未来交通方式的看法，这属于观点类文章，由此可知，最后可能出现在报纸的“评论”板块。故选B。
C&D 5
（24-25高三上·山东德州·阶段练习）Many years ago, I got drunk. The next morning, I told my dad what happened. “We had some wine at the restaurant”, I said, “and then some beer. It doesn’t seem enough for me to feel this bad.” My dad said something I carry with me to this day, “Beer before wine and you’ll feel fine; wine before beer and you’ll feel queer (奇怪的).”
Out of all the many pieces of advice my father handed down over the years, only a few stick in my memory. And those are the ones that rhyme. This is known as the “rhyme-as-reason effect”, a cognitive (认知的) phenomenon with lots of real-life, practical application. There’s a strange fact: You might be able to remember all the lines of the song from your childhood, yet you can’t remember something that happened last week. When we use rhymes, we break down details into something that can more easily be stored and recovered.
We often judge rhymes more favorably. Friedrich Nietzsche was a big fan of aphorisms (格言). He wrote a series of books entirely in aphorisms because he knew that a well-organized turn of phrase cut into your understanding far quicker than essays. He expressed in one of his books, “We sometimes consider an idea truer simply because it rhymes and presents itself with a brilliant skip and jump.”
Two psychologists, Matthew McGlone and Jessica Tofighbakhsh, investigated this phenomenon. They presented their participants with a series of aphorisms — some are rhymed; others not. They discovered that not only did participants aesthetically (审美上) prefer the rhymed sentences, but they more often considered them more accurate. Despite participants agreeing that aesthetic qualities don’t represent truth, they couldn’t avoid their own prejudice. This led the team to remember the poet John Keats’ line: “Beauty is truth; truth beauty.”
There are two important lessons to learn from this. The first is that rhyming makes for long-term memory. If you want to remember it, rhyme it. The second is that rhyming doesn’t equal accuracy. My dad’s wisdom might sound neat but it is based on insufficient evidence. Keep in mind that a nice turn of phrase isn’t necessarily better than an awkward one.
17. What can we know about the “rhyme-as-reason effect”
A. It conveys a deeper meaning. B. It is less frequently used nowadays.
C. It makes information more memorable. D. It is inconsistent with childhood memories.
18. Why does the author mention Friedrich Nietzsche in paragraph 3
A. To prove the influence of his writings.
B. To illustrate people’s preference for rhymes.
C. To show the complexity of his writing style.
D. To encourage the wide use of rhymes and aphorisms.
19. What can be concluded from Matthew and Jessica’s findings
A. Aesthetic qualities help clarify the fact.
B. People tend to ignore precision in rhymes.
C. Rhymed sentences are usually less trustworthy.
D. Aesthetic qualities likely conflict with people’s judgments.
20. What message does the author want to convey at the end of the text
A. Treat rhymes with a wise mind.
B. Make good use of factual information.
C. Respect the wisdom of our old generations.
D. Focus on the improvement of long-term memory.
【答案】17. C 18. B 19. D 20. A
【难度】0.4
【知识点】语言与文化 、社会问题与社会现象、议论文
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了“押韵即理由效应”（rhyme-as-reason effect）这一认知现象，分析了押韵如何使信息更易于记忆以及人们为何倾向于认为押韵的句子更准确，并指出要理性对待押韵信息。
17. 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句话“When we use rhymes, we break down details into something that can more easily be stored and recovered. (使用韵律时，我们会将细节分解成更容易存储和回忆的内容)”可知，“押韵即理由效应”（rhyme-as-reason effect）是说利用韵律，细节变得具体化，更容易让人记住信息。故选C项。
18. 推理判断题。根据第二段落第二、三句“Friedrich Nietzsche was a big fan of aphorisms (格言). He wrote a series of books entirely in aphorisms because he knew that a well-organized turn of phrase cut into your understanding far quicker than essays. (弗里德里希·尼采非常喜欢格言。他写了一系列完全由格言组成的书，因为他知道，一个精心组织的短语比长篇大论更能让人迅速理解其含义)”可知，作者以哲学家尼采进行举例，说明人们喜欢韵律已经达到可以写全是由格言组成的书的程度。故选B项。
19. 推理判断题。根据第四段第三、四句“They discovered that not only did participants aesthetically (审美上) prefer the rhymed sentences, but they more often considered them more accurate. Despite participants agreeing that aesthetic qualities don’t represent truth, they couldn’t avoid their own prejudice. (他们发现，参与者不仅在审美上更喜欢押韵的句子，而且更频繁地认为这些句子更准确。尽管参与者同意审美质量不代表真实，但他们无法避免自己的偏见)”可知，参与者意识到审美不代表真实，但仍会受审美的影响，从而做出非理性的判断。由此推知，审美质量可能与人们的判断冲突。故选D项。
20. 推理判断题。根据最后一段第四、五句“The second is that rhyming doesn’t equal accuracy. My dad’s wisdom might sound neat but it is based on insufficient evidence. (第二点是，押韵并不等于准确。我爸的智慧听起来很巧妙，但它证据不足)”可推知，作者在这里想要友善地提醒读者，押韵虽使人们容易记住东西，但它不一定准确，要理性对待押韵。故选A项。40.【2025年高考英语分类练】阅读理解C&D篇之议论文
能力提升组组合卷
（试题说明+技巧点拨+单词清障+最新全国各地真题模拟题精选） 学生版
【试题说明】
语篇 主题语境 体裁 难度系数 适合阶段
C&D 1 人与社会之学习过程中的挣扎、错误与成长之间的关系 议论文 难（0.4） 2025届高三英语
C&D 2 人与社会之肯·克里姆斯坦的连环画小说《爱因斯坦漫游卡夫卡仙境》的书评 议论文 难（0.4）
C&D 3 人与社会之纽约大都会运输署(MTA)批准征收交通拥堵费 议论文 适中（0.65）
C&D 4 人与社会之关于内燃机汽车和电动汽车的政策和观点 议论文 适中（0.65）
C&D 5 人与社会之“押韵即理由效应”（rhyme-as-reason effect）这一认知现象 议论文 难（0.4）
【技巧点拨】
阅读理解C&D篇之议论文 解题策略
阅读前
快速浏览：先快速浏览文章标题、开头、结尾以及每段的首句，大致了解文章的主题和主旨方向，判断文章是关于社会现象、学术观点、文化问题还是其他领域的讨论。例如，如果标题是 “The Benefits of Online Learning”，可以初步判断文章是围绕在线学习的好处展开论述。
阅读中
明确论点：议论文的核心是论点，要找出作者在文章中提出的主要观点。论点通常在文章开头或结尾直接提出，也可能在中间段落通过过渡句等方式引出。比如，文章开头可能会说 “In this essay, I will argue that technology has greatly changed our lives”，这就是明确的论点。
分析论据：论据是支持论点的材料，可能包括事实、数据、例子、专家意见等。阅读时要注意识别这些论据，并分析它们是如何为论点服务的。比如，为了证明 “技术改变生活” 的论点，作者可能会列举智能手机让人们沟通更便捷、在线购物改变消费方式等事实作为论据。
理清论证结构：注意文章的论证结构，常见的有总分总、总分、分总等结构，还有可能是递进式、并列式等。分析段落之间的逻辑关系，有助于把握文章的整体脉络。比如，采用总分总结构的文章，开头提出论点，中间几段分别从不同方面进行论证，结尾总结观点并升华主题。
关注关键词：留意文中的关键词，如表示转折、因果、对比、递进等关系的连词，如 “but”“however”“therefore”“in addition” 等，这些词往往提示着文章的逻辑走向和重点内容。
解题时
细节理解题
定位原文：根据题干中的关键词，在文章中找到对应的段落和句子，仔细阅读相关内容，与选项进行对比，注意选项可能是对原文的同义替换、改写或概括。
排除干扰项：常见的干扰项有与原文内容不符、以偏概全、无中生有等。比如，选项中可能会把文中的部分情况扩大到整体，或者添加了文章中没有的信息。
主旨大意题
结合论点和结构：综合文章的论点以及整体论证结构来概括主旨大意，要涵盖文章的主要内容和核心观点，不能只局限于某一段或某一部分的内容。
辨析选项特点：正确选项通常具有概括性、全面性，而错误选项可能过于具体或过于宽泛，或者偏离了文章的主要论述方向。
推理判断题
合理推断：根据文章提供的信息进行合理的推理和判断，不能过度推断或主观臆断。要基于原文的事实和逻辑，推出作者没有直接表达的隐含意义。
注意语气和态度：注意作者在文章中的语气和态度，是支持、反对、中立还是其他，这有助于判断推理的方向和合理性。
词义猜测题
根据上下文：通过生词所在的上下文语境来猜测词义，利用句子之间的逻辑关系、同义词、反义词、举例等线索来推断生词的大致意思。
代入验证：将猜测的词义代入原文，看是否符合上下文的逻辑和语义，如果通顺合理，那么猜测的结果可能是正确的。
检查答案
再次核对：完成答题后，将答案与文章内容再次核对，确保答案的准确性和合理性，尤其要注意一些细节问题，避免因粗心而丢分。
【词汇清障】
C&D 1 词汇连线题
第一组
precious A. 悲观的；厌世的
pessimistic B. 挫折；挣扎；斗争
struggle C. 复杂的；难懂的
complicated D. 珍贵的；宝贵的
discourage E. 使气馁；使沮丧；阻碍
第二组
transformation A. 动机；积极性；干劲
motivation B. 转变；转化；改革
norm C. 强调；着重；使突出
emphasize D. 标准；规范；常态
encounter E. 遭遇；遇到；偶然碰到
C&D 2 词汇连线题
第一组
critical A. 引起思考的；发人深省的
thought - provoking B. 使结合；使联合；同时做
combine C. 有特色的；典型的
characteristic D. 关键的；批评的；危急的
obsessive E. 着迷的；过度的；强迫性的
第二组
bind A. 突破；重大进展
breakthrough B. 瞥一眼；一看；短暂的感受
glimpse C. 探索；探测；探险
explore D. 把…… 关起来；圈起来；使不能逃脱
pen E. 使紧密联系；约束；捆绑
C&D 3 词汇连线题
第一组
propose A. 基础设施；基础建设
infrastructure B. 提出；提议；建议
survive C. 批准；认可；赞成
approve D. 对…… 收费；充电；控告
charge E. 幸存；存活；艰难度过
第二组
reliability A. 基础设施；基础建设
universal B. 可靠性；可信赖性
suit C. 普遍的；全体的；通用的
infrastructure D. 诉讼；套装；适合
finance E. 财政；金融；为…… 提供资金
C&D 4 词汇连线题
第一组
emission A. 加速；加快；促进
accelerate B. 妥协；折中；妥协方案
compromise C. 转变；过渡；变迁
transition D. 排放物；散发；排放
address E. 设法解决；处理；演讲
第二组
decade A. 最终；最后；根本
ultimately B. 减少；降低；刹车
brake C. 要求；需要；请求
demand D. 十年；十年期
replace E. 取代；代替；替换
C&D 5 词汇连线题
第一组
hand down A. 认知的；感知的；认识的
cognitive B. 格言；警句
aphorism C. 应用；申请；涂抹
application D. 流传；传给（后代）；宣布
judge E. 判断；评判；审判
第二组
accurate A. 调查；研究；审查
investigate B. 偏见；偏心；偏袒
prejudice C. 准确的；精确的；正确无误的
aesthetically D. 美学上；审美地
insufficient E. 不足的；不够的；不胜任的
【习题精做】
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
C&D 1
（24-25高三上·广东深圳·期末）I have been studying the French language for three years. This field of study has been the hardest but most precious of my life. I would put it above the study of writing simply because I started writing as a 6-year-old boy under my mother’s guidance. I always “felt” I could write. I did not always “feel” I could study a foreign language effectively.
But here I am, right now, in a French hotel. I spoke French at the border, when I checked in and when I went to get lunch. I fail to speak with fluency. I mishear words. I can’t really use complicated grammar. But my words are perfectly understandable and serve their purpose. I feel, as I always do, like I am lost in the dark, but with each misstep, I find my way more clearly. I didn’t feel it when reading French novels; I didn’t feel it at school. I just felt it when I first arrived Paris.
I’m emphasizing feelings because, when studying, they are as important as any reality. The fear of making mistakes feeds the hopeless and makes learners quit. It is not the study of language that is hard. It is the feelings of who you are at the present level and pessimistic belief of who you will always be that make it hard. The transformation to turn struggles into growth is what truly makes learning a life-changing journey.
Maybe one day, someone will say something to me that I do not understand, and in that moment. I may feel a bit discouraged. But now, I feel a sense of being high. These moments of confidence and motivation are precious, for they remind me of how far I’ve come. They are not the norm (常态), though. The truth is, the lows are what I encounter more often. They are part of the learning process, part of the transformation that shapes us into better versions of ourselves. And yet, it is through these lows that I am constantly learning and growing.
1. How does the author feel about making mistakes in French
A. Awkward. B. Hopeless. C. Competent. D. Rewarding.
2. Why does the author emphasize feelings
A. To highlight his struggles in learning French.
B. To show that positive thinking can drive growth.
C. To illustrate that people should follow their hearts.
D. To clarify his experience in mindset transformation.
3. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A. The lows are always followed by highs.
B. Feeling confident should be made a norm.
C. Struggles are an essential part of learning.
D. The ups are the real times when learning occurs.
4. Which statement might the author probably agree with
A. Fail again, fail better. B. Stay grounded, work for greatness.
C. Accept the lows, wait for the chance. D. Be courageous, explore the unknown.
C&D 2
（2024·全国·模拟预测）It was April 1, 1911, and 32-year-old Albert Einstein sat in a train with his family, traveling from Zurich to Prague, where Einstein had landed a job as a full professor in Charles University. He had a few things on his mind, but the most critical was his unfinished theory of relativity. When they left the city 15 months later, Einstein would have cracked the code.
What happened over the course of this long, mysterious time period in Prague is the question driving Ken Krimstein’s new graphic novel (连环画小说) Einstein in Kafkaland. Part biography, part historical fiction, the book combines comics and watercolors to create a thought-provoking read. Throughout, cartoon- Einstein sports (故意显示) his characteristic pipe alongside a signature frizzy head of hair, but it’s his obsessive reflections that perhaps most effectively signal what has become Einstein-the-character.
Krimstein pairs Einstein’s story with that of Franz Kafka, who was 28, virtually unpublished, and living with his parents in a house in Prague. Both men share an enthusiasm for uncovering the “true truth”. For both, a journey to find this truth, whether in science or literature, is one that will sometimes cause them pain but may ultimately bind them to others. During Einstein’s time in Prague, he worked out his theory of relativity, while Kafka had his own breakthrough, penning The Judgment.
Despite his title, Krimstein centers his book unevenly, focusing mainly on Einstein, and taking us step by step through the deep thinking that leads to his discovery. However, along the way he also provides readers with a glimpse into the life of Kafka and imagines conversations between him and Einstein. These discussions explore what it means to see the world differently from everyone else.
Krimstein blends intellectual history with biographical details, describing Einstein’s debates with colleagues, thought experiments, and everyday life. He shows Einstein engaging in discussions with physicists like Max Abraham and Paul Ehrenfest, as well as conducting thought experiments with his family.
At its heart, Einstein in Kafkaland is a story of ordinary geniuses. It demonstrates how extraordinary discoveries often arise from ordinary circumstances and develop through exchanges with others - friends, family, colleagues, and even rivals. The book emphasizes that works of genius typically emerge through dialogs and interaction, rather than in isolation.
5. What is the main focus of Einstein in Kafkaland
A. A series of lifelike cartoons of Einstein. B. Kafka’s literary breakthrough in Prague.
C. The comparison between Einstein and Kafka. D. Einstein’s development of the theory of relativity.
6. What does Krimstein say about Einstein and Kafka in his book
A. They are opponents competing for recognition.
B. They are parallel figures with similar pursuit.
C. They are frustrated beginners in their own field.
D. They are representatives of science and literature.
7. How does Krimstein describe Einstein’s intellectual journey
A. By listing his life events in order of time.
B. By comparing him to contemporary figures.
C. By mixing the study of ideas with personal stories.
D. By focusing on his scientific papers and publications.
8. What does the book suggest about the nature of groundbreaking discoveries
A. They are driven by personal ambition. B. They rely on communication with others.
C. They are rooted in logical reasoning. D. They are typically accidental and unplanned.
C&D 3
（2024·全国·模拟预测）William Vickrey, an economist, first proposed congestion (拥堵) pricing in 1952 for New York’s transport system. It has taken decades, some false starts and some delaying, but the idea finally has the green light in the Big Apple. Earlier this month the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) approved the plan.
From May, drivers of cars entering Manhattan’s central business district will have to pay $15. Lorries, depending on their size, will be charged $24 or $36. Taxis will face a $1.25 surcharge (附加费) per ride, rather than fees every time they enter the zone. Ride share drivers, such as Uber, will get a $ 2.50 charge. At night, fees will be 75% cheaper.
The hope is that the fees will relieve traffic. More than 900 000 cars enter what will become the charging zone daily. Travel speeds fell by 23% between 2010 and 2018. The MTA expects 17% fewer vehicles on the city’s streets, decreasing air pollution and helping the economy. However, the main reason the plan was approved was the money it should bring in — $1 billion annually. The project should improve reliability as well as access to the transport system, which dates from the 1930s.
However, the plan has not been met with universal delight. New Jersey drivers already pay to cross into the city, and the Garden State has filed suit. Fort Lee, a town on the New Jersey side of the George Washington Bridge, has made a request for air-quality concerns. The town expects increased traffic as lorry drivers try to avoid paying fees.
If New York gets this right, says Tom Wright of the Regional Plan Association, which has pushed for congestion (拥堵) pricing since 1996, “it’s going to influence the planning and policy of other great metro regions”. Fuel taxes have been the main tool of capital finance in transport. They are declining as a source of public finance, while congestion pricing could be a new one. So far, about 60% of the infrastructure needed to charge cars is already in place.
9. Which of the following details about the charge rule is mentioned in Paragraph 2
A. Taxis are charged for every two rides.
B. The night fees will be higher.
C. The charge of lorries varies in size.
D. Ride share drivers need to pay less fees than taxi drivers.
10. Why is the plan approved
A. To relieve the traffic pressure. B. To reduce air pollution.
C. To follow experts’ advice. D. To raise the financial income.
11. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. The reasons for the approval. B. The disadvantages of the plan.
C. The benefits of the project. D. The advice of experts.
12. What does Tom Wright think of the project
A. It is uncertain. B. It is promising.
C. It is challenging. D. It is hopeless.
C&D 4
（24-25高三上·安徽阜阳·期末）Worldwide, the planes, trains and automobiles we use to get around pumped much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, one-fifth of all man-made emissions. Some three-quarters of transport emissions came from road vehicles. Converting road transport to run on green energy would be a huge step towards achieving net zero emissions by mid-century, a change needed if we are to limit global warming to safe levels. This is why policymakers have been pushing car makers to accelerate efforts to bring an end to the manufacture of vehicles fitted with an internal combustion engine (内燃机). In the European Union, the two sides agreed to reach that destination by 2035.However, the deadline was practically difficult to meet. Therefore, they finally arrived at a compromise (折中) solution: new cars with internal combustion engines can continue to be sold after 2035, provided the engines use carbon-neutral (碳中和的) fuels.
Some people in the automotive industry want to keep the internal combustion engine alive. The idea is attractive to short-sighted policymakers, too, because it reduces the expense of charging equipment and to teach people the skills to build and maintain different technologies. However, not all car makers want to delay. Many understand that the transition to electric vehicles will take time, and want to get on with transforming their businesses. They want policy certainty and continuity from governments to allow them to get down to business.
If the electric-vehicle transition is further delayed, there are likely to be bad effects elsewhere that will ultimately put a brake on global decarbonization (脱碳).
The growing global demand for personal mobility means a truly green transport transition will happen only by addressing another factor. Technological innovation will take us only so far: behavioural change is also needed. Alongside a convincing and evidence-based strategy to develop electric vehicles and replace fossil fuels, we must plan and redesign urban environments around the world to encourage active transport — walking and cycling — rather than driving. That surely is the best route to a cleaner, healthier world.
13. What’s the final agreement of the European Union on cars after 2035
A. Internal combustion engines mustn’t be produced.
B. Cars with internal combustion engines mustn’t be sold.
C. Internal combustion engines must be removed from all vehicles.
D. New cars with internal combustion engines must use carbon-neutral fuels.
14. Why can internal combustion engines be still alive
A. Automotive industry hopes to get more profits.
B. Few people want to learn different technologies.
C. Policymakers don’t want to spend money on charging devices.
D. Most people won’t reject cars with internal combustion engines.
15. What does the author stress in the last paragraph
A. Reducing the use of cars. B. Keeping policy stability.
C. Evidence-based strategy. D. Technological innovation.
16. In which section of a newspaper does the text probably appear
A. Culture. B. Opinion. C. Entertainment. D. Lifestyle.
C&D 5
（24-25高三上·山东德州·阶段练习）Many years ago, I got drunk. The next morning, I told my dad what happened. “We had some wine at the restaurant”, I said, “and then some beer. It doesn’t seem enough for me to feel this bad.” My dad said something I carry with me to this day, “Beer before wine and you’ll feel fine; wine before beer and you’ll feel queer (奇怪的).”
Out of all the many pieces of advice my father handed down over the years, only a few stick in my memory. And those are the ones that rhyme. This is known as the “rhyme-as-reason effect”, a cognitive (认知的) phenomenon with lots of real-life, practical application. There’s a strange fact: You might be able to remember all the lines of the song from your childhood, yet you can’t remember something that happened last week. When we use rhymes, we break down details into something that can more easily be stored and recovered.
We often judge rhymes more favorably. Friedrich Nietzsche was a big fan of aphorisms (格言). He wrote a series of books entirely in aphorisms because he knew that a well-organized turn of phrase cut into your understanding far quicker than essays. He expressed in one of his books, “We sometimes consider an idea truer simply because it rhymes and presents itself with a brilliant skip and jump.”
Two psychologists, Matthew McGlone and Jessica Tofighbakhsh, investigated this phenomenon. They presented their participants with a series of aphorisms — some are rhymed; others not. They discovered that not only did participants aesthetically (审美上) prefer the rhymed sentences, but they more often considered them more accurate. Despite participants agreeing that aesthetic qualities don’t represent truth, they couldn’t avoid their own prejudice. This led the team to remember the poet John Keats’ line: “Beauty is truth; truth beauty.”
There are two important lessons to learn from this. The first is that rhyming makes for long-term memory. If you want to remember it, rhyme it. The second is that rhyming doesn’t equal accuracy. My dad’s wisdom might sound neat but it is based on insufficient evidence. Keep in mind that a nice turn of phrase isn’t necessarily better than an awkward one.
17. What can we know about the “rhyme-as-reason effect”
A. It conveys a deeper meaning. B. It is less frequently used nowadays.
C. It makes information more memorable. D. It is inconsistent with childhood memories.
18. Why does the author mention Friedrich Nietzsche in paragraph 3
A. To prove the influence of his writings.
B. To illustrate people’s preference for rhymes.
C. To show the complexity of his writing style.
D. To encourage the wide use of rhymes and aphorisms.
19. What can be concluded from Matthew and Jessica’s findings
A. Aesthetic qualities help clarify the fact.
B. People tend to ignore precision in rhymes.
C. Rhymed sentences are usually less trustworthy.
D. Aesthetic qualities likely conflict with people’s judgments.
20. What message does the author want to convey at the end of the text
A. Treat rhymes with a wise mind.
B. Make good use of factual information.
C. Respect the wisdom of our old generations.
D. Focus on the improvement of long-term memory.
