53.【2025年高考英语分类练】阅读理解C&D篇之新闻报道
能力提升 组合卷
（试题说明+技巧点拨+单词清障+最新全国各地真题模拟题精选） 教师版
【试题说明】
语篇 主题语境 体裁 难度系数 适合阶段
C&D 1 人与社会之两个生态村庄项目——Gandum Village和Rural Revive 新闻报道 适中（0.65） 2025届高三英语
C&D 2 人与社会之郑钦文在2024年巴黎奥运会网球单打比赛中夺得金牌 新闻报道 适中（0.65）
C&D 3 人与社会之波茨坦气候影响研究所（PIK）最近的一项突破性研究预测 新闻报道 适中（0.65）
C&D 4 人与社会之南非农村，16支由50多岁的女性组成的球队参加了奶奶国际足球锦标赛的首场比赛 新闻报道 适中（0.65）
C&D 5 人与社会之真菌基金会的一个探险队在智利山区发现了大型美洲狮真菌，这对保护工作具有深远意义 新闻报道 适中（0.65）
【技巧点拨】
阅读文章阶段
精读原文，把握细节：认真阅读新闻报道，不放过任何关键信息，包括时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果等，对文章内容形成全面、准确的理解。对于长难句要进行分析，理清句子结构和逻辑关系，避免因理解模糊而掉入干扰项陷阱。
明确主旨和作者意图：关注文章的标题、开头、结尾以及每段的主题句，快速把握新闻的主旨大意和作者的立场、态度。这样在判断选项时，能更好地排除与主旨不符或与作者意图相悖的干扰项。
标记关键信息：阅读过程中，将重要的信息如数字、专有名词、表因果关系或转折关系的词等标记出来，便于在核对选项时快速定位原文内容，提高答题效率和准确性。
分析选项阶段
对比原文，仔细甄别
检查细节匹配度：把选项与原文相关内容逐一对比，看是否存在信息的遗漏、添加或篡改。对于那些看似与原文相似的选项，要特别注意细节上的差异，如偷换概念、混淆时态等干扰项，往往就是在细微之处做文章。
核对逻辑关系：分析选项中的逻辑关系是否与原文一致，比如因果关系、条件关系、递进关系等。有些干扰项会故意颠倒因果或强加逻辑关系，要通过与原文对比来识破。
识别干扰项特征
判断常见陷阱：熟悉干扰项的常见设置特点，如以偏概全、无中生有、夸大或缩小程度等。当遇到选项表述过于绝对、范围明显不符或内容在原文中找不到依据时，要警惕这可能是干扰项。
注意修饰词和限定词：关注选项中的修饰词和限定词，如 “all”“only”“never”“always” 等，这些词往往会改变句子的意思和范围。如果原文中没有类似的绝对表述，而选项中出现了，很可能是干扰项。
运用排除法
排除明显错误选项：首先排除那些与原文内容明显不符、逻辑混乱或违背常识的选项。即使对文章内容理解不是很透彻，也能通过这种方法缩小选择范围，提高答题的准确率。
排除与主旨无关选项：与文章主旨无关或偏离主旨的选项一般也是干扰项。在判断选项时，要结合文章主旨进行分析，那些与主旨无关或相悖的选项可以直接排除。
【词汇清障】
C&D 1 词汇连线题
第一组
sustainable A. 再生的；可恢复的
regenerative B. 共有的；协作的
coworking C. 影响；作用；撞击
impact D. 农业；农学；农艺
horticulture E. 可持续的；合理利用的
答案：1 - E；2 - A；3 - B；4 - C；5 - D
第二组
enterprise A. 生态村；生态社区
ecovillage B. 主流；主要倾向
mainstream C. 集体；团体；集体的
collective D. 企业；事业；进取心
harmony E. 融洽；和谐；协调
答案：1 - D；2 - A；3 - B；4 - C；5 - E
C&D 2 词汇连线题
第一组
semifinal A. 看台；摊子；立场
stand B. 激励；鼓舞；启发灵感
inspiration C. 连续的胜利；连胜
streak D. 半决赛
emerge E. 显现；浮现；暴露
答案：1 - D；2 - A；3 - B；4 - C；5 - E
第二组
dominate A. 冠军；捍卫者
champion B. 对手；竞争者
opponent C. 动机；动力；诱因
motivation D. 主宰；支配；控制
passion E. 强烈情感；激情；酷爱
答案：1 - D；2 - A；3 - B；4 - C；5 - E
C&D 3 词汇连线题
第一组
groundbreaking A. 随后的；后来的
project B. 热带的；来自热带的
subsequent C. 预测；预计；规划
tropical D. 造成负担；使烦恼
burden E. 开创性的；创新的
答案：1 - E；2 - C；3 - A；4 - B；5 - D
第二组
inequity A. 紧急的事；紧急情况
urgency B. 稳定；使稳定；使稳固
stabilize C. 不公平；不公正
comprehensive D. 广泛的；综合的；全面的
consequence E. 结果；后果；重要性
答案：1 - C；2 - A；3 - B；4 - D；5 - E
C&D 4 词汇连线题
第一组
tournament A. 活动家；积极分子
activist B. 消化；消化能力；消解
digestion C. 比赛；锦标赛；联赛
mobility D. 移动性；流动性；机动性
intense E. 激烈的；紧张的；强烈的
答案：1 - C；2 - A；3 - B；4 - D；5 - E
第二组
quarterfinal A. 热情；热忱；热心
enthusiasm B. 奖杯；奖品；战利品
trophy C. 四分之一决赛
bond D. 联系；纽带；使牢固结合
host E. 主办；主持；东道主
答案：1 - C；2 - A；3 - B；4 - D；5 - E
C&D 5 词汇连线题
第一组
conservation A. 徒步旅行；远足
expedition B. 保护；节约；保存
retrace C. 探险；远征；探险队
hike D. 与…… 一致；巧合
coincide E. 追溯；折回；重走
答案：1 - B；2 - C；3 - E；4 - A；5 - D
第二组
visible A. 理解；包含；由…… 组成
justify B. 可见的；明显的；有形的
comprehend C. 证明…… 正确；为…… 辩护
dynamics D. 动态；动力学；活力
potential E. 潜在的；可能的；潜力
答案：1 - B；2 - C；3 - A；4 - D；5 - E
【习题精做】
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
C&D 1
（2024·山西·模拟预测）The sustainable village of the future, if Martina Waldemar and Joao Almeida have any say about it, will have solar panels, earthen buildings, and a form of regenerative agriculture that copies nature to produce climate-friendly food. The field hands who work there will earn wages well above what’s standard for this rural area of Portugal. There will be coworking space with fast internet. “The life can be easy,” Mr. Almeida says of his family’s project, which they call Gandum Village.
Buying local is one goal of a new project called Rural Revive, a private conservation effort where tourists stay in fashionable, low-impact rooms — and the project is developing into a service center for a desert economy. But the purpose of Rural Revive is not just economic. At the same time, it trains locals such as Elrico Bekeur in horticulture (园艺) and enterprise.
Reinhold Mangundu began Rural Revive when he remembers sitting by a bonfire, listening to his father tell him about the forest and birds of his birthplace in his country. Those village fires lit a desire in him to restore and regenerate the earth and wildlife that he could only imagine. “I believe it’s time we start building beautiful stories about the future and use those stories of the future to address our current problems,” he says.
Mr. Bekeur grows a garden with an irrigation system feeding a jungle of greenery with the knowledge he has learned from Rural Revive about growing fruits and vegetables in the desert earth. “I’m hoping in my heart that my neighborhood will all start growing their own produce, their own food for themselves,” he says.
But unlike past Utopian collectives, ecovillages like Gandum Village and Rural Revive are decidedly practical. “Ultimately, we all have to be living in ecovillages,” says Daniel Greenberg. “They’re not isolating themselves from the mainstream world; they want the public to come and stay a while — or at least buy their produce. They’re trying to create culture, stories about how we live locally and globally in harmony with each other and the planet.”
1．What does Paragraph 1 focus on
A．All jobs will be carried out remotely. B．A sustainable life can be enjoyable.
C．Climate is friendly to agriculture. D．Eco-friendly villages need high-paid farmers.
2．What is the intention of Reinhold’s Rural Revive
A．To recall his past childhood life. B．To gain economic profits.
C．To solve various global issues. D．To attract tourists to the deserts.
3．How did Mr. Bekeur benefit from Rural Revive
A．Getting financial support for his greenhouse. B．Receiving training of planting in deserts.
C．Cooperating in building his irrigation system. D．Growing enough food for his community.
4．What’s Daniel’s attitude towards Ecovillages
A．Doubtful. B．Critical. C．Approving. D．Unconcerned.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】新闻报道、可持续农业
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了两个生态村庄项目——Gandum Village和Rural Revive，它们旨在通过可持续的生活方式、再生农业和生态旅游等方式，促进和自然的和谐共生，并解决当前面临的环境和经济问题。
1．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“The sustainable village of the future, if Martina Waldemar and Joao Almeida have any say about it, will have solar panels, earthen buildings, and a form of regenerative agriculture that copies nature to produce climate-friendly food. The field hands who work there will earn wages well above what’s standard for this rural area of Portugal. There will be coworking space with fast internet. ‘The life can be easy,’ Mr. Almeida says of his family’s project, which they call Gandum Village.(如果Martina Waldemar和Joao Almeida对此有什么意见的话，未来的可持续村庄将拥有太阳能板、土坯建筑和一种模仿自然生产气候友好型食物的再生农业。在那里工作的田间工人将获得远高于葡萄牙这一农村地区标准的工资。那里还将有带有快速网络的共享工作空间。‘生活可以很轻松，’Almeida先生谈到他家族的项目时说道，他们称之为Gandum Village)”可知，本段主要介绍了Gandum Village这个可持续村庄项目的特点，包括其采用的可持续生活方式和较高的工资待遇，并强调这种生活可以是轻松的。因此，本段主要说明可持续生活可以是令人愉悦的。故选B项。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Reinhold Mangundu began Rural Revive when he remembers sitting by a bonfire, listening to his father tell him about the forest and birds of his birthplace in his country. Those village fires lit a desire in him to restore and regenerate the earth and wildlife that he could only imagine. ‘I believe it’s time we start building beautiful stories about the future and use those stories of the future to address our current problems,’ he says.(Reinhold Mangundu在回忆起自己坐在篝火旁，听父亲讲述他的祖国出生地的森林和鸟儿时，创立了Rural Revive项目。那些乡村的篝火点燃了他心中的渴望，去恢复和再生那些他只能想象的地球和野生动物。他说：‘我相信是时候我们开始构建关于未来的美好故事，并利用这些未来的故事来解决我们当前的问题了。’)”可知，Reinhold的Rural Revive意在通过构建关于未来的美好故事来解决当前的问题。由此可推知，Reinhold的Rural Revive的意图是解决各种全球性问题。故选C项。
3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Mr. Bekeur grows a garden with an irrigation system feeding a jungle of greenery with the knowledge he has learned from Rural Revive about growing fruits and vegetables in the desert earth.(Bekeur先生利用从Rural Revive学到的在沙漠土地上种植水果和蔬菜的知识，建立了一个带有灌溉系统的花园，为一片绿意盎然的丛林提供养分)”可知，Bekeur先生从Rural Revive中学到了在沙漠中种植的知识，并应用这些知识建立了自己的花园。因此，他从Rural Revive中受益的方式是接受了在沙漠中种植的培训。故选B项。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中Daniel Greenberg的话“Ultimately, we all have to be living in ecovillages,(最终，我们都将生活在生态村庄中)”以及“They’re trying to create culture, stories about how we live locally and globally in harmony with each other and the planet.(他们正试图创造文化，创造我们如何在本地和全球范围内与彼此和地球和谐共处的故事)”可知，Daniel认为最终人们都将生活在生态村庄中，并且这些生态村庄正在努力创造一种文化，让人们与彼此和地球和谐共处。由此可推知，Daniel对生态村庄持支持态度。故选C项。
C&D 2
（2024·河南·三模）As the first Chinese tennis player to win Olympic gold in singles, Qinwen Zheng said she could relax at last. The 21-year-old said with a smile, “Because I just made history.”
Zheng defeated Croatia’s Donna Vekic in the Paris women’s final on Saturday. Zheng said both her father and Chinese fans treated the Olympics as more important than Grand Slams (大满贯). “Me, too. You could see the strength and the hunger in my eyes were different from other tournaments that I played,” Zheng said.
After Zheng’s final point, she slid onto her back and laid on Roland Garros’ famous clay court looking up to the sky. The crowd in Paris on Saturday was filled with dozens of large and small waving Chinese flags and a ton of support for Zheng. After shaking Vekic’s hand, Zheng blew kisses to the crowd, then took one of the Chinese flags in the stands and draped (披) it over her shoulders. “All the Chinese fans were cheering for me,” she said, using it as motivation rather than disturbance in her head.
Zheng mentioned Li Na, the only Chinese player to win Grand Slam singles titles. “Since I was a child, Li Na has been an inspiration to me,” Zheng said. “I always want to become one that can inspire young kids to love tennis.”
In a tournament of upsets, world No. 7 Zheng was the final Top 10 player remaining. She defeated No. 1 Iga Swiatek in the semifinals, putting an end to Swiatek’s 25-match win streak at Roland Garros. “Beating Swiatek in Paris means a lot for me because I lost against her six times,” Zheng said.
Zheng has emerged as one of the next big names in tennis after a breakout year which included an appearance in her first Grand Slam final at the Australian Open in January. Zheng dominated Saturday’s match from the start, winning 10 of the first 12 points before building a 3-0 lead after an early break.
5．What can we learn from paragraph 2
A．Zheng’s fans brought much pressure to Zheng.
B．Zheng’s father has been very strict with Zheng.
C．Zheng has lost against Donna Vekic many times.
D．Zheng was eager for victory at the Paris Olympics.
6．How did Zheng react on the spot after winning the gold medal
A．She gave a hug to her opponent. B．She kissed the famous clay court.
C．She shook hands with the crowd. D．She celebrated with a Chinese flag.
7．What does Zheng expect to do according to the text
A．Beat Li Na in a match. B．Fuel kids’ passion for tennis.
C．Teach young kids to play tennis. D．Find a new coach for tournaments.
8．Why is Iga Swiatek mentioned in paragraph 5
A．To highlight Zheng’s surprising performance.
B．To indicate the tennis sport is less competitive.
C．To show Zheng’s continuous dominance in tennis.
D．To tell the reason why Zheng fell in love with tennis.
【答案】5．D 6．D 7．B 8．A
【难度】0.65
【知识点】新闻报道、体育名人
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了郑钦文在2024年巴黎奥运会网球单打比赛中夺得金牌，成为中国首位获此殊荣的选手，创造了历史。
5．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Zheng said both her father and Chinese fans treated the Olympics as more important than Grand Slams (大满贯). ‘Me, too. You could see the strength and the hunger in my eyes were different from other tournaments that I played,’ Zheng said.(郑说，她的父亲和中国球迷都认为奥运会比大满贯更重要。“我也是。你可以看到我眼中的力量和渴望与我参加的其他比赛不同，”郑说)”可知，郑钦文认为奥运会重要，她渴望在巴黎奥运会的网球比赛中取得胜利。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“After Zheng’s final point, she slid onto her back and laid on Roland Garros’ famous clay court looking up to the sky. The crowd in Paris on Saturday was filled with dozens of large and small waving Chinese flags and a ton of support for Zheng. After shaking Vekic’s hand, Zheng blew kisses to the crowd, then took one of the Chinese flags in the stands and draped (披) it over her shoulders.(郑拿到最后一分后，她仰面躺在罗兰·加洛斯著名的红土场上，仰望天空。周六，巴黎的人群中挤满了数十面大大小小的中国国旗，以及对郑的大量支持。与维基奇握手后，郑向人群飞吻，然后拿起看台上的一面中国国旗，披在肩上)”可知，赢得金牌后，郑钦文在现场身披中国国旗庆祝胜利。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In a tournament of upsets, world No. 7 Zheng was the final Top 10 player remaining.“Since I was a child, Li Na has been an inspiration to me,” Zheng said. “I always want to become one that can inspire young kids to love tennis.”(郑说：“从我小时候起，李娜就一直激励着我。”我一直想成为一个能激励孩子们热爱网球的人。”)”可知，郑钦文希望自己能激发孩子们对网球的热情。故选B。
8．推理判断题。根据第五段“She defeated No. 1 Iga Swiatek in the semifinals, putting an end to Swiatek’s 25-match win streak at Roland Garros. “Beating Swiatek in Paris means a lot for me because I lost against her six times,” Zheng said.(在一场令人沮丧的比赛中，世界排名第七的郑是最后一位剩下的前十名球员。她在半决赛中击败了排名第一的Iga Swiatek，结束了Swiatek在罗兰·加洛斯的25连胜。郑说：“在巴黎击败Iga Swiatek对我来说意义重大，因为我六次输给了她。”)”可知，排名第七的郑钦文击败了排名第一的Iga Swiatek，提及Iga Swiatek是为了说明郑钦文的表现出乎意料。故选A。
C&D 3
（2024·上海崇明·一模）A recent groundbreaking study by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) forecasts massive financial damages due to climate change, projecting annual damages of about $38 trillion ($38 million million) by the year 2050. This figure highlights the severe economic challenges that lie ahead on a global scale, with the greatest impacts expected to burden the countries least responsible for greenhouse emissions (排放).
The economic damage, estimated between $19 trillion to $59 trillion by mid-century, primarily stems from increased temperatures and their subsequent impact on agriculture, labor productivity, and infrastructure (基础设施). The study also notes potential increases in costs due to more frequent and severe weather events, which are expected to become more common as global temperatures rise.
The findings reveal a disconcerting disparity: nations within the tropical (热带的) regions, which have contributed least to historical carbon emissions, are predicted to suffer income losses 60% greater than those in higher-income, higher-emission countries. This highlights a significant climate justice issue, as these least-developed nations possess fewer resources to adapt to increasing climate impacts.
Anders Levermann, head of complexity science at PIK and co-author of the study, emphasized the inequity and urgency of the situation. “Countries in the tropics will suffer the most because they are already warmer. Further temperature increases will therefore be most harmful there,” he explained. Levermann argues for a rapid structural shift towards renewable energy to ease these impacts and stabilize global temperatures.
When placed alongside other major climate impact forecasts, the PIK study stands out for its comprehensive data analysis and harsh projections. Previous studies have similarly highlighted the economic damages of climate change but lacked the extensive regional and specific insights this study provides.
The study strongly advocates for great and immediate reductions in greenhouse gas emissions to avoid the worst of these economic damages. It suggests that slowing climate change is not only a moral and environmental must but also economically advantageous, as the cost of inaction is far greater than the expenses associated with reducing global warming to manageable levels.
The socioeconomic consequences of such extensive economic losses could lead to heightened global inequality and potentially, social unrest. This projection stresses the importance of international cooperation in climate action plans and the development of fair policies that recognize and make up for the inequities faced by the less developed nations most affected by climate change.
9．Climate change will cause massive economic damage worldwide by 2050 mainly because _____.
A．the average world temperature will increase much faster than expected
B．rising temperatures will damage farming, infrastructure and productivity
C．big countries will experience economic crises due to more severe weather events
D．tropical regions are unprepared to adapt to the damages caused by climate change
10．By “a disconcerting disparity” in paragraph 3, the author means _____.
A．poor countries least responsible for emission will suffer most in economy
B．it is projected that people in tropical countries will earn 60% less by 2050
C．higher-income countries are reluctant to invest in slowing global warming
D．higher-emission countries are trying to justify their role in climate impacts
11．The PIK study arouses the public attention due to _____.
A．its rigid climate impact forecasts
B．its overall statistics and the severity of its findings
C．its different approach to analyzing data
D．its similar regional insights on economic damages
12．What does the PIK study imply
A．Fair policies should be established to avoid further rising of temperatures.
B．Reducing gas emissions will benefit the environment but harm the economy.
C．Inequality should be reduced through cooperation in fighting climate change.
D．Wealthy countries should bear the whole cost of coping with global warming.
【答案】9．B 10．A 11．B 12．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】环境保护、新闻报道
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了波茨坦气候影响研究所（PIK）最近的一项突破性研究预测，气候变化会造成巨大的经济损失，预计到2050年，每年的损失约为38万亿美元。这一数字凸显了全球范围内面临的严峻经济挑战，预计受到最大影响的是对温室气体排放负责最少的国家。
9．细节理解题。根据第二段“The economic damage, estimated between $19 trillion to $59 trillion by mid-century, primarily stems from increased temperatures and their subsequent impact on agriculture, labor productivity, and infrastructure (基础设施).(到本世纪中叶，经济损失估计在19万亿到59万亿美元之间，主要来自气温升高及其对农业、劳动生产率和基础设施的影响)”可知，到2050年，气候变化将在全球范围内造成巨大的经济损失，主要是因为气温上升将破坏农业、基础设施和生产力。故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据第四段“The findings reveal a disconcerting disparity: nations within the tropical (热带的) regions, which have contributed least to historical carbon emissions, are predicted to suffer income losses 60% greater than those in higher-income, higher-emission countries. This highlights a significant climate justice issue, as these least-developed nations possess fewer resources to adapt to increasing climate impacts.(研究结果揭示了一个令人不安的差异：历史上碳排放量最少的热带地区国家，预计将比那些高收入、高排放的国家遭受60%的收入损失。这凸显了一个重要的气候正义问题，因为这些最不发达国家拥有的资源更少，无法适应日益严重的气候影响)”可知，作者在第3段中所说的“令人不安的差距”是指对排放负责最少的贫穷国家将在经济上遭受最大的损失。故选A。
11．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“When placed alongside other major climate impact forecasts, the PIK study stands out for its comprehensive data analysis and harsh projections.(与其他主要气候影响预测相比，PIK的研究以其全面的数据分析和严格的预测而脱颖而出)”可知，PIK的研究因其全面的统计数据和研究结果的严重性引起了公众的关注。故选B。
12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“This projection stresses the importance of international cooperation in climate action plans and the development of fair policies that recognize and make up for the inequities faced by the less developed nations most affected by climate change.(这一预测强调了在气候行动计划和制定公平政策方面开展国际合作的重要性，这些政策承认并弥补受气候变化影响最严重的欠发达国家所面临的不平等)”可知，PIK研究暗示了通过合作应对气候变化减少不平等。故选C。
C&D 4
（24-25高三上·天津西青·阶段练习）In rural South Africa, 16 teams of women, all of us over 50 years old, participated in this inaugural (开幕的) event — the Grannies International Football Tournament. It was 13 years in the making, built on dreams and a friendship that crosses continents.
The organizer, Beka Ntsanwisi — a well-known community activist and cancer survivor — founded the original team of soccer-playing grandmothers aged 40 to 80, some 15 years ago, to improve their health. At first the locals laughed at them and told them they belonged at home caring for their grandchildren. But a team doctor recorded results from their regular exercise: improved mobility, lowered blood pressure and better digestion.
In 2010, the international spotlight landed the team an invitation to travel and play in a tournament in Massachusetts — from yours truly. Like the Grannies, I found soccer later in life and my Lexington, Massachusetts teammates are among my best friends. Beka replied to my invitation without hesitation: “We will come, my sister.” In July 2010, 15 Grannies streamed through the Boston airport. They wowed (博得称赞) us with their dancing on the sidelines of the field and their enthusiasm for life. And during that visit, Beka announced, “Before I die, I want to host a Grannies World Cup.”
In March, 2023, Beka’s 13-year wish to host a Grannies international tournament was finally and joyfully met. The tournament, held in the town of Nkowankowa, was intense as France, Zambia, three South African teams, and all three U. S. teams entered the quarterfinals on the fourth and final day. My team would settle for second place, but the U. S. Breakers, also from Massachusetts, held the 3-foot-tall trophy (奖杯) in the air. The goalie (守门员) presented the trophy to Beka and the host Grannies team, without whom this event would never have taken place. We know Beka is the true champion.
For me, the Grannies tournament was an extraordinary gift, an experience I will never forget. For all of us, we hold on to our memories of bonding with, our soccer sisters.
13．What can be implied from paragraph 1
A．It took long to make the tournament a reality.
B．The tournament aims to help grannies make friends.
C．These women’s teams consist of professional football players.
D．The tournament caused a stir in the international football community.
14．What can we learn about the original team founded by Beka
A．It was 13 years in the making. B．It received support from the locals.
C．It promoted the wellbeing of its members. D．It consisted of middle aged women players.
15．Why did the 15 Grannies fly to Boston in July 2010
A．To take part in a football competition. B．To perform at a football tournament.
C．To share their football playing stories. D．To learn to play football professionally.
16．What did the goalie intend to do by gifting Beka the trophy
A．Honor Beka’s football skill. B．Share the joy of their success.
C．Acknowledge Beka’s initiative. D．Declare victory for the host team.
17．What is the best title for the text
A．My Soccer Life with Grannies
B．My Granny’s Enthusiasm for Soccer
C．Inspired by Soccer: An International Tour
D．Celebrating Grannies: A Global Soccer Event
【答案】13．B 14．C 15．A 16．C 17．D
【难度】0.65
【知识点】竞技/比赛、新闻报道
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了在南非农村，16支由50多岁的女性组成的球队参加了奶奶国际足球锦标赛的首场比赛。
13．推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段“In rural South Africa, 16 teams of women, all of us over 50 years old, participated in this inaugural (开幕的) event — the Grannies International Football Tournament. It was 13 years in the making, built on dreams and a friendship that crosses continents.(在南非农村，16支由50多岁的女性组成的球队参加了这场首场比赛——奶奶国际足球锦标赛。它经历了13年的发展，建立在跨越大陆的梦想和友谊之上。)”可知，比赛的目的之一是帮助老奶奶们交朋友。故选B项。
14．推理判断题。根据第二段中“The organizer, Beka Ntsanwisi — a well-known community activist and cancer survivor — founded the original team of soccer-playing grandmothers aged 40 to 80, some 15 years ago, to improve their health. (组织者Beka Ntsanwisi是一位著名的社区活动家和癌症幸存者，大约15年前，她成立了一支由40到80岁的老奶奶组成的足球队，以改善她们的健康状况。)”可知，Beka最初创建的团队是为了促进了其成员的福祉。故选C项。
15．细节理解题。根据第三段中“In July 2010, 15 Grannies streamed through the Boston airport. They wowed (博得称赞) us with their dancing on the sidelines of the field and their enthusiasm for life. And during that visit, Beka announced, “Before I die, I want to host a Grannies World Cup.”(2010年7月，15名“奶奶”穿过波士顿机场。他们在场边的舞蹈和对生活的热情让我们惊叹不已。在那次访问中，贝卡宣布，“在我死之前，我想举办一届奶奶世界杯。”)”可知，作者邀请她们参加比赛，所以这15位奶奶飞往波士顿是去参加足球比赛。故选A项。
16．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The goalie (守门员) presented the trophy to Beka and the host Grannies team, without whom this event would never have taken place. (守门员将奖杯颁发给贝卡和东道主“奶奶队”，没有她们，这场比赛就不会举行。)”可知，守门员把奖杯送给贝卡是对贝卡的主动性表示认可。故选C项。
17．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段“In rural South Africa, 16 teams of women, all of us over 50 years old, participated in this inaugural (开幕的) event — the Grannies International Football Tournament. It was 13 years in the making, built on dreams and a friendship that crosses continents.(在南非农村，16支由50多岁的女性组成的球队参加了这场首场比赛——奶奶国际足球锦标赛。它经历了13年的发展，建立在跨越大陆的梦想和友谊之上。)”可知，本文主要介绍了在南非农村，16支由50多岁的女性组成的球队参加了这场首场比赛——奶奶国际足球锦标赛。它经历了13年的发展，建立在跨越大陆的梦想和友谊之上。D“了不起的奶奶们：一项全球性的足球活动”符合主题，适合做标题，故选D项。
C&D 5
（24-25高三上·重庆·期中）The first and only fungus (真菌) on a global conservation group’s’ “25 Most Wanted List”, the big puma fungus, which is actually quite small, has been found in the rainy mountains of Chile, almost 40 years after it was first documented.
The mysterious species of fungi that lives underground in Chile’s Nahuelbuta Mountains had only ever been found in the wild once. An expedition team from the Fungi Foundation in Chile set out for the temperate forests of the Nahuelbutas in May 2023 to retrace the footsteps of Chilean mycologist (真菌学家) Norberto Garrido, who discovered the big puma fungus and described it to Western science in 1988.
They timed the expedition to coincide with the exact dates in May that Garrido had hiked the mountains more than 40 years earlier. “It’s possible that the reproductive parts of the big puma fungus — the mushroom — are only fadingly visible above the soil on the same few days each year, which made the timing of the mission a crucial factor,” said Claudia Bustamante, a mycologist and member of the expedition team.
On the last day of the expedition, the Fungi Foundation led a workshop and a community hike to look for fungi in a nearby forest. During that hike, two of the local participants found a group of about four mushrooms that all matched the description of the big puma fungus.
The expedition team carefully collected the mushrooms, leaving the mycelium (菌丝体) in the ground, and took the mushrooms to the Fungi Foundation’s Central Laboratory (FFCL). Although the mushrooms matched the physical and microscopical description of the big puma fungus, it was via a DNA analysis that eventually the team justified their conclusion.
“It was truly a unique moment when we managed to be in the right place at the right time to see the mushrooms. These types of expeditions are essential to conservation efforts because an increasing number of species are threatened. Understanding the biodiversity that exists and interacts within a specific area helps us comprehend the ecosystem’s dynamics and its potential to adapt to ongoing changes,” said Daniela Torres, leader of the expedition.
18．What do we know about the big puma fungus
A．It is rarely found in the wild. B．It is bigger than typical mushrooms.
C．Garrido retraced its location in 2023. D．Chile used to be its habitat 40 years ago.
19．What does the underlined phrase “coincide with” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Put off. B．Correspond to. C．Work out. D．Deal with.
20．How did the scientists confirm the identity of the big puma fungus
A．By collecting mushrooms randomly. B．By observing details in microscopes.
C．By leaving mycelium in the ground. D．By examining the genetic features.
21．A possible scientific value of finding the big puma fungus is its role in ______.
A．honoring Garrido’s discovery. B．managing the biodiversity of fungi.
C．revealing how the ecosystem evolves. D．highlighting the 25 Most Wanted List.
【答案】18．A 19．B 20．D 21．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】新闻报道、植物
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了时隔40多年，真菌基金会的一个探险队在智利山区发现了大型美洲狮真菌，这对保护工作具有深远意义。
18．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The mysterious species of fungi that lives underground in Chile’s Nahuelbuta Mountains had only ever been found in the wild once.(这种生活在智利纳韦尔武塔山脉地下的神秘真菌只在野外发现过一次。)”可推测出，这种真菌在野外很少被发现。故选A。
19．词句猜测题。根据第三段中画线短语后的“It’s possible that the reproductive parts of the big puma fungus — the mushroom — are only fadingly visible above the soil on the same few days each year, which made the timing of the mission a crucial factor(很有可能，大型美洲狮真菌的繁殖部分——蘑菇——每年只有在相同的几天才会逐渐在土壤上显现出来，这使得任务的时机成为一个关键因素)”可知，这里是说这支队伍探险的时间和Garrido在40多年前进山的日期完全一致。coincide with意为“与……一致”，和correspond to意思一致。故选B。
20．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Although the mushrooms matched the physical and microscopical description of the big puma fungus, it was via a DNA analysis that eventually the team justified their conclusion.(尽管该蘑菇与大型美洲狮真菌的物理和显微镜描述相匹配，但最终团队通过DNA分析证明了他们的结论是正确的。)”可知，科学家通过DNA分析证明了大型美洲狮真菌的身份，即通过检测其基因特征。故选D。
21．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Understanding the biodiversity that exists and interacts within a specific area helps us comprehend the ecosystem’s dynamics and its potential to adapt to ongoing changes(了解特定区域内存在和相互作用的生物多样性有助于我们理解生态系统的动态及其适应持续变化的潜力)”可知，发现大型美洲狮真菌有助于理解生态系统的动态及其适应持续变化的潜力，由此可推测出，这一发现的价值在于它帮助揭示了生态系统演变的过程。故选C。53.【2025年高考英语分类练】阅读理解C&D篇之新闻报道
能力提升 组合卷
（试题说明+技巧点拨+单词清障+最新全国各地真题模拟题精选） 学生版
【试题说明】
语篇 主题语境 体裁 难度系数 适合阶段
C&D 1 人与社会之两个生态村庄项目——Gandum Village和Rural Revive 新闻报道 适中（0.65） 2025届高三英语
C&D 2 人与社会之郑钦文在2024年巴黎奥运会网球单打比赛中夺得金牌 新闻报道 适中（0.65）
C&D 3 人与社会之波茨坦气候影响研究所（PIK）最近的一项突破性研究预测 新闻报道 适中（0.65）
C&D 4 人与社会之南非农村，16支由50多岁的女性组成的球队参加了奶奶国际足球锦标赛的首场比赛 新闻报道 适中（0.65）
C&D 5 人与社会之真菌基金会的一个探险队在智利山区发现了大型美洲狮真菌，这对保护工作具有深远意义 新闻报道 适中（0.65）
【技巧点拨】
阅读文章阶段
精读原文，把握细节：认真阅读新闻报道，不放过任何关键信息，包括时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果等，对文章内容形成全面、准确的理解。对于长难句要进行分析，理清句子结构和逻辑关系，避免因理解模糊而掉入干扰项陷阱。
明确主旨和作者意图：关注文章的标题、开头、结尾以及每段的主题句，快速把握新闻的主旨大意和作者的立场、态度。这样在判断选项时，能更好地排除与主旨不符或与作者意图相悖的干扰项。
标记关键信息：阅读过程中，将重要的信息如数字、专有名词、表因果关系或转折关系的词等标记出来，便于在核对选项时快速定位原文内容，提高答题效率和准确性。
分析选项阶段
对比原文，仔细甄别
检查细节匹配度：把选项与原文相关内容逐一对比，看是否存在信息的遗漏、添加或篡改。对于那些看似与原文相似的选项，要特别注意细节上的差异，如偷换概念、混淆时态等干扰项，往往就是在细微之处做文章。
核对逻辑关系：分析选项中的逻辑关系是否与原文一致，比如因果关系、条件关系、递进关系等。有些干扰项会故意颠倒因果或强加逻辑关系，要通过与原文对比来识破。
识别干扰项特征
判断常见陷阱：熟悉干扰项的常见设置特点，如以偏概全、无中生有、夸大或缩小程度等。当遇到选项表述过于绝对、范围明显不符或内容在原文中找不到依据时，要警惕这可能是干扰项。
注意修饰词和限定词：关注选项中的修饰词和限定词，如 “all”“only”“never”“always” 等，这些词往往会改变句子的意思和范围。如果原文中没有类似的绝对表述，而选项中出现了，很可能是干扰项。
运用排除法
排除明显错误选项：首先排除那些与原文内容明显不符、逻辑混乱或违背常识的选项。即使对文章内容理解不是很透彻，也能通过这种方法缩小选择范围，提高答题的准确率。
排除与主旨无关选项：与文章主旨无关或偏离主旨的选项一般也是干扰项。在判断选项时，要结合文章主旨进行分析，那些与主旨无关或相悖的选项可以直接排除。
【词汇清障】
C&D 1 词汇连线题
第一组
sustainable A. 再生的；可恢复的
regenerative B. 共有的；协作的
coworking C. 影响；作用；撞击
impact D. 农业；农学；农艺
horticulture E. 可持续的；合理利用的
第二组
enterprise A. 生态村；生态社区
ecovillage B. 主流；主要倾向
mainstream C. 集体；团体；集体的
collective D. 企业；事业；进取心
harmony E. 融洽；和谐；协调
C&D 2 词汇连线题
第一组
semifinal A. 看台；摊子；立场
stand B. 激励；鼓舞；启发灵感
inspiration C. 连续的胜利；连胜
streak D. 半决赛
emerge E. 显现；浮现；暴露
第二组
dominate A. 冠军；捍卫者
champion B. 对手；竞争者
opponent C. 动机；动力；诱因
motivation D. 主宰；支配；控制
passion E. 强烈情感；激情；酷爱
C&D 3 词汇连线题
第一组
groundbreaking A. 随后的；后来的
project B. 热带的；来自热带的
subsequent C. 预测；预计；规划
tropical D. 造成负担；使烦恼
burden E. 开创性的；创新的
第二组
inequity A. 紧急的事；紧急情况
urgency B. 稳定；使稳定；使稳固
stabilize C. 不公平；不公正
comprehensive D. 广泛的；综合的；全面的
consequence E. 结果；后果；重要性
C&D 4 词汇连线题
第一组
tournament A. 活动家；积极分子
activist B. 消化；消化能力；消解
digestion C. 比赛；锦标赛；联赛
mobility D. 移动性；流动性；机动性
intense E. 激烈的；紧张的；强烈的
第二组
quarterfinal A. 热情；热忱；热心
enthusiasm B. 奖杯；奖品；战利品
trophy C. 四分之一决赛
bond D. 联系；纽带；使牢固结合
host E. 主办；主持；东道主
C&D 5 词汇连线题
第一组
conservation A. 徒步旅行；远足
expedition B. 保护；节约；保存
retrace C. 探险；远征；探险队
hike D. 与…… 一致；巧合
coincide E. 追溯；折回；重走
第二组
visible A. 理解；包含；由…… 组成
justify B. 可见的；明显的；有形的
comprehend C. 证明…… 正确；为…… 辩护
dynamics D. 动态；动力学；活力
potential E. 潜在的；可能的；潜力
【习题精做】
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
C&D 1
（2024·山西·模拟预测）The sustainable village of the future, if Martina Waldemar and Joao Almeida have any say about it, will have solar panels, earthen buildings, and a form of regenerative agriculture that copies nature to produce climate-friendly food. The field hands who work there will earn wages well above what’s standard for this rural area of Portugal. There will be coworking space with fast internet. “The life can be easy,” Mr. Almeida says of his family’s project, which they call Gandum Village.
Buying local is one goal of a new project called Rural Revive, a private conservation effort where tourists stay in fashionable, low-impact rooms — and the project is developing into a service center for a desert economy. But the purpose of Rural Revive is not just economic. At the same time, it trains locals such as Elrico Bekeur in horticulture (园艺) and enterprise.
Reinhold Mangundu began Rural Revive when he remembers sitting by a bonfire, listening to his father tell him about the forest and birds of his birthplace in his country. Those village fires lit a desire in him to restore and regenerate the earth and wildlife that he could only imagine. “I believe it’s time we start building beautiful stories about the future and use those stories of the future to address our current problems,” he says.
Mr. Bekeur grows a garden with an irrigation system feeding a jungle of greenery with the knowledge he has learned from Rural Revive about growing fruits and vegetables in the desert earth. “I’m hoping in my heart that my neighborhood will all start growing their own produce, their own food for themselves,” he says.
But unlike past Utopian collectives, ecovillages like Gandum Village and Rural Revive are decidedly practical. “Ultimately, we all have to be living in ecovillages,” says Daniel Greenberg. “They’re not isolating themselves from the mainstream world; they want the public to come and stay a while — or at least buy their produce. They’re trying to create culture, stories about how we live locally and globally in harmony with each other and the planet.”
1．What does Paragraph 1 focus on
A．All jobs will be carried out remotely. B．A sustainable life can be enjoyable.
C．Climate is friendly to agriculture. D．Eco-friendly villages need high-paid farmers.
2．What is the intention of Reinhold’s Rural Revive
A．To recall his past childhood life. B．To gain economic profits.
C．To solve various global issues. D．To attract tourists to the deserts.
3．How did Mr. Bekeur benefit from Rural Revive
A．Getting financial support for his greenhouse. B．Receiving training of planting in deserts.
C．Cooperating in building his irrigation system. D．Growing enough food for his community.
4．What’s Daniel’s attitude towards Ecovillages
A．Doubtful. B．Critical. C．Approving. D．Unconcerned.
C&D 2
（2024·河南·三模）As the first Chinese tennis player to win Olympic gold in singles, Qinwen Zheng said she could relax at last. The 21-year-old said with a smile, “Because I just made history.”
Zheng defeated Croatia’s Donna Vekic in the Paris women’s final on Saturday. Zheng said both her father and Chinese fans treated the Olympics as more important than Grand Slams (大满贯). “Me, too. You could see the strength and the hunger in my eyes were different from other tournaments that I played,” Zheng said.
After Zheng’s final point, she slid onto her back and laid on Roland Garros’ famous clay court looking up to the sky. The crowd in Paris on Saturday was filled with dozens of large and small waving Chinese flags and a ton of support for Zheng. After shaking Vekic’s hand, Zheng blew kisses to the crowd, then took one of the Chinese flags in the stands and draped (披) it over her shoulders. “All the Chinese fans were cheering for me,” she said, using it as motivation rather than disturbance in her head.
Zheng mentioned Li Na, the only Chinese player to win Grand Slam singles titles. “Since I was a child, Li Na has been an inspiration to me,” Zheng said. “I always want to become one that can inspire young kids to love tennis.”
In a tournament of upsets, world No. 7 Zheng was the final Top 10 player remaining. She defeated No. 1 Iga Swiatek in the semifinals, putting an end to Swiatek’s 25-match win streak at Roland Garros. “Beating Swiatek in Paris means a lot for me because I lost against her six times,” Zheng said.
Zheng has emerged as one of the next big names in tennis after a breakout year which included an appearance in her first Grand Slam final at the Australian Open in January. Zheng dominated Saturday’s match from the start, winning 10 of the first 12 points before building a 3-0 lead after an early break.
5．What can we learn from paragraph 2
A．Zheng’s fans brought much pressure to Zheng.
B．Zheng’s father has been very strict with Zheng.
C．Zheng has lost against Donna Vekic many times.
D．Zheng was eager for victory at the Paris Olympics.
6．How did Zheng react on the spot after winning the gold medal
A．She gave a hug to her opponent. B．She kissed the famous clay court.
C．She shook hands with the crowd. D．She celebrated with a Chinese flag.
7．What does Zheng expect to do according to the text
A．Beat Li Na in a match. B．Fuel kids’ passion for tennis.
C．Teach young kids to play tennis. D．Find a new coach for tournaments.
8．Why is Iga Swiatek mentioned in paragraph 5
A．To highlight Zheng’s surprising performance.
B．To indicate the tennis sport is less competitive.
C．To show Zheng’s continuous dominance in tennis.
D．To tell the reason why Zheng fell in love with tennis.
C&D 3
（2024·上海崇明·一模）A recent groundbreaking study by the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) forecasts massive financial damages due to climate change, projecting annual damages of about $38 trillion ($38 million million) by the year 2050. This figure highlights the severe economic challenges that lie ahead on a global scale, with the greatest impacts expected to burden the countries least responsible for greenhouse emissions (排放).
The economic damage, estimated between $19 trillion to $59 trillion by mid-century, primarily stems from increased temperatures and their subsequent impact on agriculture, labor productivity, and infrastructure (基础设施). The study also notes potential increases in costs due to more frequent and severe weather events, which are expected to become more common as global temperatures rise.
The findings reveal a disconcerting disparity: nations within the tropical (热带的) regions, which have contributed least to historical carbon emissions, are predicted to suffer income losses 60% greater than those in higher-income, higher-emission countries. This highlights a significant climate justice issue, as these least-developed nations possess fewer resources to adapt to increasing climate impacts.
Anders Levermann, head of complexity science at PIK and co-author of the study, emphasized the inequity and urgency of the situation. “Countries in the tropics will suffer the most because they are already warmer. Further temperature increases will therefore be most harmful there,” he explained. Levermann argues for a rapid structural shift towards renewable energy to ease these impacts and stabilize global temperatures.
When placed alongside other major climate impact forecasts, the PIK study stands out for its comprehensive data analysis and harsh projections. Previous studies have similarly highlighted the economic damages of climate change but lacked the extensive regional and specific insights this study provides.
The study strongly advocates for great and immediate reductions in greenhouse gas emissions to avoid the worst of these economic damages. It suggests that slowing climate change is not only a moral and environmental must but also economically advantageous, as the cost of inaction is far greater than the expenses associated with reducing global warming to manageable levels.
The socioeconomic consequences of such extensive economic losses could lead to heightened global inequality and potentially, social unrest. This projection stresses the importance of international cooperation in climate action plans and the development of fair policies that recognize and make up for the inequities faced by the less developed nations most affected by climate change.
9．Climate change will cause massive economic damage worldwide by 2050 mainly because _____.
A．the average world temperature will increase much faster than expected
B．rising temperatures will damage farming, infrastructure and productivity
C．big countries will experience economic crises due to more severe weather events
D．tropical regions are unprepared to adapt to the damages caused by climate change
10．By “a disconcerting disparity” in paragraph 3, the author means _____.
A．poor countries least responsible for emission will suffer most in economy
B．it is projected that people in tropical countries will earn 60% less by 2050
C．higher-income countries are reluctant to invest in slowing global warming
D．higher-emission countries are trying to justify their role in climate impacts
11．The PIK study arouses the public attention due to _____.
A．its rigid climate impact forecasts
B．its overall statistics and the severity of its findings
C．its different approach to analyzing data
D．its similar regional insights on economic damages
12．What does the PIK study imply
A．Fair policies should be established to avoid further rising of temperatures.
B．Reducing gas emissions will benefit the environment but harm the economy.
C．Inequality should be reduced through cooperation in fighting climate change.
D．Wealthy countries should bear the whole cost of coping with global warming.
C&D 4
（24-25高三上·天津西青·阶段练习）In rural South Africa, 16 teams of women, all of us over 50 years old, participated in this inaugural (开幕的) event — the Grannies International Football Tournament. It was 13 years in the making, built on dreams and a friendship that crosses continents.
The organizer, Beka Ntsanwisi — a well-known community activist and cancer survivor — founded the original team of soccer-playing grandmothers aged 40 to 80, some 15 years ago, to improve their health. At first the locals laughed at them and told them they belonged at home caring for their grandchildren. But a team doctor recorded results from their regular exercise: improved mobility, lowered blood pressure and better digestion.
In 2010, the international spotlight landed the team an invitation to travel and play in a tournament in Massachusetts — from yours truly. Like the Grannies, I found soccer later in life and my Lexington, Massachusetts teammates are among my best friends. Beka replied to my invitation without hesitation: “We will come, my sister.” In July 2010, 15 Grannies streamed through the Boston airport. They wowed (博得称赞) us with their dancing on the sidelines of the field and their enthusiasm for life. And during that visit, Beka announced, “Before I die, I want to host a Grannies World Cup.”
In March, 2023, Beka’s 13-year wish to host a Grannies international tournament was finally and joyfully met. The tournament, held in the town of Nkowankowa, was intense as France, Zambia, three South African teams, and all three U. S. teams entered the quarterfinals on the fourth and final day. My team would settle for second place, but the U. S. Breakers, also from Massachusetts, held the 3-foot-tall trophy (奖杯) in the air. The goalie (守门员) presented the trophy to Beka and the host Grannies team, without whom this event would never have taken place. We know Beka is the true champion.
For me, the Grannies tournament was an extraordinary gift, an experience I will never forget. For all of us, we hold on to our memories of bonding with, our soccer sisters.
13．What can be implied from paragraph 1
A．It took long to make the tournament a reality.
B．The tournament aims to help grannies make friends.
C．These women’s teams consist of professional football players.
D．The tournament caused a stir in the international football community.
14．What can we learn about the original team founded by Beka
A．It was 13 years in the making. B．It received support from the locals.
C．It promoted the wellbeing of its members. D．It consisted of middle aged women players.
15．Why did the 15 Grannies fly to Boston in July 2010
A．To take part in a football competition. B．To perform at a football tournament.
C．To share their football playing stories. D．To learn to play football professionally.
16．What did the goalie intend to do by gifting Beka the trophy
A．Honor Beka’s football skill. B．Share the joy of their success.
C．Acknowledge Beka’s initiative. D．Declare victory for the host team.
17．What is the best title for the text
A．My Soccer Life with Grannies
B．My Granny’s Enthusiasm for Soccer
C．Inspired by Soccer: An International Tour
D．Celebrating Grannies: A Global Soccer Event
C&D 5
（24-25高三上·重庆·期中）The first and only fungus (真菌) on a global conservation group’s’ “25 Most Wanted List”, the big puma fungus, which is actually quite small, has been found in the rainy mountains of Chile, almost 40 years after it was first documented.
The mysterious species of fungi that lives underground in Chile’s Nahuelbuta Mountains had only ever been found in the wild once. An expedition team from the Fungi Foundation in Chile set out for the temperate forests of the Nahuelbutas in May 2023 to retrace the footsteps of Chilean mycologist (真菌学家) Norberto Garrido, who discovered the big puma fungus and described it to Western science in 1988.
They timed the expedition to coincide with the exact dates in May that Garrido had hiked the mountains more than 40 years earlier. “It’s possible that the reproductive parts of the big puma fungus — the mushroom — are only fadingly visible above the soil on the same few days each year, which made the timing of the mission a crucial factor,” said Claudia Bustamante, a mycologist and member of the expedition team.
On the last day of the expedition, the Fungi Foundation led a workshop and a community hike to look for fungi in a nearby forest. During that hike, two of the local participants found a group of about four mushrooms that all matched the description of the big puma fungus.
The expedition team carefully collected the mushrooms, leaving the mycelium (菌丝体) in the ground, and took the mushrooms to the Fungi Foundation’s Central Laboratory (FFCL). Although the mushrooms matched the physical and microscopical description of the big puma fungus, it was via a DNA analysis that eventually the team justified their conclusion.
“It was truly a unique moment when we managed to be in the right place at the right time to see the mushrooms. These types of expeditions are essential to conservation efforts because an increasing number of species are threatened. Understanding the biodiversity that exists and interacts within a specific area helps us comprehend the ecosystem’s dynamics and its potential to adapt to ongoing changes,” said Daniela Torres, leader of the expedition.
18．What do we know about the big puma fungus
A．It is rarely found in the wild. B．It is bigger than typical mushrooms.
C．Garrido retraced its location in 2023. D．Chile used to be its habitat 40 years ago.
19．What does the underlined phrase “coincide with” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Put off. B．Correspond to. C．Work out. D．Deal with.
20．How did the scientists confirm the identity of the big puma fungus
A．By collecting mushrooms randomly. B．By observing details in microscopes.
C．By leaving mycelium in the ground. D．By examining the genetic features.
21．A possible scientific value of finding the big puma fungus is its role in ______.
A．honoring Garrido’s discovery. B．managing the biodiversity of fungi.
C．revealing how the ecosystem evolves. D．highlighting the 25 Most Wanted List.
