英语第二课堂 4
I.夯实基础
复合句之定语从句二
一．限定性定从中的特殊规律
1.1 只用that 不用which
1. It is the only movie __that____ I have ever seen about wars.
2. I’m going to talk about the countries and people ___that___ I have visited.
3. All _that_____ glitters is not gold.
4. Which is the book __that_____ was borrowed from her
1.2 表环境，地位，抽象的地点等名词充当先行词且在定语从句中作状语，用where引导
1. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere __where___ his employees enjoy their work.
2. The occasion __when_____ the great scientist can spend a whole day playing with his kids is rare.
***特殊情况：先行词为occasion，在定从中作状语，一般用when引导
1.3 time做先行词，时代/时期：用when
次数：that
1. There was a time _when___ he was addicted to playing the computer games.
2. The time __when___ we lacked oil is gone.
3. It/ This /That is the first time _that___ the president has visited the country.
4. There are many times __that___ I have been pessimistic about or even disappointed by a film of a book!
1.4 one of + pl. + 定语从句/ the only one of + pl. + 定语从句
1. He was one of the students who __were___ (be) here just now.
2. He is the only one of the students who _was___ (be) able to answer the question.
非限定性定从
2.1 先行词为代词或名词（同限定性定语从句）.*** 注意：that, why 不能用
1. She purchased a new car, ____which______ was made in Germany.
2. She has three daughters, two of ___whom_______ are lawyers.
3. Many children, _____whose__ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.
4. Do you know Tom, __whom/who____ we talked about
5. The beautiful village, __where/ in which_____ we spent our holiday last month, lies at the foot of a mountain.
6. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _when/ during which___ the audience can buy ice-cream.
7. I had told them the reason, ___for which___ I didn’t attend the meeting.
2.2. 先行词由整个主句充当：引导词只用as或which
8. He must be from Africa, __which_____ can be seen from his skin.
9. Light, __as_____ we all know, travels faster than sound.
2.2.1 非限定性定从中as与which的区别
10. Tom drinks a lot every day, ___which______ his wife doesn’t like at all.
11. _As_____ we have pointed out, few people are total winners or losers.
12. He made an impressive speech, __as____ we expected.
13. He, __as___ we expected, made an impressive speech.
13. He made a long speech, __which_____ was unexpected.
小结：
三．介词+关系副词
1. His head soon appeared out of the second storey windows, __from where__ he could see what was happening on the street.
2. He climbed onto the top of the temple, __D___ he could see some things in the distance.
A. where B. which C. that D. from where
3. That was in 1929, _D__ things have been better.
A. when B. which C. why D. since when
学后练一练
一、在空白处填入适当的关系词。
1. Taking on this challenge will bring you in contact with someone__who__shares your interests.(20江苏单选)
2. If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll find probably a solution _which/that_suits everyone.(20江苏单选)
3. Behind him were other people to __whom______he was trying to talk.
4. We have launched another man-made satellite, __which_______is announced in today's newspaper.
5. Dr Rowan, __whose__________secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.(20天津单选)
6. Science fiction of the 1960s and 1970s predicted that pills would replace meals as the way ___that/which/ 不填______ people would get the fuel they needed.
7. Many lessons are now available online, from ___which___ students can choose for free. (20江苏单选改)
8. There are several reasons __ why/ for which___school uniforms are a good idea. (19浙江语法填空改)
9. The next day, my brother and I went to the beach where/on which_ we watched some people play volleyball.
(14广东语法填空)
10. We'd love to explore Beale Street, the official home of the Blues, _where_ we'd listen to live music.(17全国听力改)
11. We have entered into an age ___when__ dreams have the best chance of coming true. (19江苏单选改)
12. They talked of things and persons __that/ 不填____ they remembered in school.
13. Australia is the only country _that_____ is also a continent.
14. We're just trying to reach a point ___where____ both sides will sit down together and talk.
15. Sales director is a position _where____ communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
16. I have bought such a watch _as______ is advertised on TV.
二、阅读下面短文,用关系词将每处画线部分的两句话改为含有定语从句的复合句，并体会高级句式的使用。
1. Here's a true story. It teaches us to guard our secrets carefully. 2. It's about a man. His house front collapsed one day. As a result, his secrets were embarrassingly revealed for all the world to see. 3. Colin Campbell lives in the English Midlands. He wasn't very pleased when a lorry rolled down a hill and crashed into his house. 4. It did damage. And the damage was spectacular(惊人的). 5. The front of the house collapsed. This was bad enough in itself. 6. Even worse, a life-size model of Elvis Presley, became visible to passers-by. It was standing in an upstairs bedroom. Colin said, “It was something I bought on impulse (一时冲动).Then I hid him away in the spare bedroom because I didn't want anyone to see him. Now people are laughing at me. In future I'll always be the man who bought Elvis Presley.”
1.Here’s a true story that/which teachers us to guard our secrets carefully.
2.It’s about a man whose house front collapsed one day.
3.CC, who lived in the English Midlands, wasn’t very pleased when a lorry rolled down a hill and crashed into his
house.
4.The damage it did was spectacular.
5.The front of the house collapsed, which was bad enough in itself.
6.Even worse, a life-size model of Elvis Presley, which was standing in an upstairs bedroom, became visible to passers-by.
三、阅读下面短文，在空白处填人适当的连接词。
For those 1._who_____are in terested in food festivals, here are two cool festivals 2._which/that______happen around the world.
La Tomatina is a festival that is held in Valencian town of Bunol, in the East of Spain, in 3.__which________ participants throw tomatoes and get involved in a tomato fight purely for entertainment purposes. It is said to be the world's biggest tomato fight,4.__which_________ takes place every August. People come from all over the world to participate in this huge social occasion, which includes music, parades, dancing, and fireworks. The main event is a tomato fight 5.___where_______ 100 tons of over-ripe tomatoes are thrown in the streets. Trucks bring the tomatoes into the town, and the fight begins; it ends after exactly one hour. No one is very sure how or why this festival started.
Rio Carnival is one of the most spectacular (壮观的) entertainments in the world, 6.___which_______ is a wild four- day celebration of music, dance, and food and drink, all over Rio. The event means a lot to the people from the poorest neighborhoods, 7. __who________ spend months in preparation. It is an opportunity for the whole community to go out and have fun together. It ends with the Samba Parade, for 8.____which______the performers dress up in the most striking costumes.
II.提升能力真题二次开发
.语法填空
If you want to disturb the car industry, you’d better have a few billion dollars: Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies. But in agriculture, small farmers can get the best of the major players. By connecting directly with customers, and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems(生态系统), small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys. 1.___As____ the co-founder of the National Young Farmers Coalition(NYFC,美国青年农会) and a family farmer myself, I have a front-row seat to the 2._innovations__ (innovate) among small farmers that are transforming the industry.
For example, take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester, 3.__a___ tool developed just a couple of years ago by a young farmer, Jonathan Dysinger, in Tennessee, with a small loan from a local Slow Money group. It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour —a huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand—suddenly making 4.__it______ possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California. Before the tool came out, small farmers couldn’t touch the price per pound 5.__offered______ (offer) by California farms. But now, with the combination of a better price point and a generally fresher product, they can stay in business.
The sustainable success of small farmers, though, won’t happen without fundamental changes to the industry. One crucial factor is secure access to petition from investors, developers, and 6._established__ (establish) large farmers makes owning one’s own land unattainable for many new farmers. From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values doubled, and they continue to rise in many regions.
Another challenge for more than a million of the most qualified farm workers and managers 7.__is_______ (be) a non-existent path to citizenship—the greatest barrier to building a farm of their own. With farmers over the age of 65 outnumbering(多于) farmers younger 8.__than______ 35 by six to one, and with two-thirds of the nation’s farmland in need of a new farmer, we must clear the path for talented people willing to grow the nation’s food.
There are solutions 9._that/ which______ could light a path toward a more sustainable and fair farm economy, but farmers can’t 10.___clumsily______ (clumsy) put them together before us. We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farmers from all backgrounds. With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers.I.夯实基础
复合句之定语从句二
一．限定性定从中的特殊规律
1.1
1. It is the only movie _____ I have ever seen about wars.
2. I’m going to talk about the countries and people ______ I have visited.
3. All ______ glitters is not gold.
4. Which is the book _______ was borrowed from her
1.2
1. The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere _______his employees enjoy their work.
2. The occasion _______ the great scientist can spend a whole day playing with his kids is rare.
1.3
1. There was a time ______ he was addicted to playing the computer games.
2. The time ________ we lacked oil is gone.
3. It/ This /That is the first time ______ the president has visited the country.
4. There are many times _______ I have been pessimistic about or even disappointed by a film of a book!
1.4
1. He was one of the students who _______ (be) here just now.
2. He is the only one of the students who ______ (be) able to answer the question.
非限定性定从
2.1
1. She purchased a new car, __________ was made in Germany.
2. She has three daughters, two of __________ are lawyers.
3. Many children, ________________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village.
4. Do you know Tom, _______________ we talked about
5. The beautiful village, ___________________ we spent our holiday last month, lies at the foot of a mountain.
6. Between the two parts of the concert is an interval, _________________ the audience can buy ice-cream.
7. I had told them the reason, _____________ I didn’t attend the meeting.
2.2.
8. He must be from Africa, _______ can be seen from his skin.
9. Light, _______ we all know, travels faster than sound.
2.2.1
10. Tom drinks a lot every day, _________ his wife doesn’t like at all.
11. ______ we have pointed out, few people are total winners or losers.
12. He made an impressive speech, ______ we expected.
13. He, _____ we expected, made an impressive speech.
13. He made a long speech, _______ was unexpected.
小结：
三．介词+关系副词
1. His head soon appeared out of the second storey windows, ____ he could see what was happening on the street.
2. He climbed onto the top of the temple, _____ he could see some things in the distance.
A. where B. which C. that D. from where
3. That was in 1929, ______ things have been better.
A. when B. which C. why D. since when
学后练一练
一、在空白处填入适当的关系词。
1. Taking on this challenge will bring you in contact with someone_______shares your interests.(20江苏单选)
2. If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll find probably a solution ________suits everyone.(20江苏单选)
3. Behind him were other people to ________he was trying to talk.
4. We have launched another man-made satellite, _________is announced in today's newspaper.
5. Dr Rowan, ____________secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.(20天津单选)
6. Science fiction of the 1960s and 1970s predicted that pills would replace meals as the way _________ people would get the fuel they needed.
7. Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free. (20江苏单选改)
8. There are several reasons _____________school uniforms are a good idea. (19浙江语法填空改)
9. The next day, my brother and I went to the beach _________ we watched some people play volleyball.
(14广东语法填空)
10. We'd love to explore Beale Street, the official home of the Blues, ____________ we'd listen to live music.(17全国听力改)
11. We have entered into an age ___________ dreams have the best chance of coming true. (19江苏单选改)
12. They talked of things and persons ____________ they remembered in school.
13. Australia is the only country ___________ is also a continent.
14. We're just trying to reach a point _____________ both sides will sit down together and talk.
15. Sales director is a position ___________ communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
16. I have bought such a watch ___________ is advertised on TV.
二、阅读下面短文,用关系词将每处画线部分的两句话改为含有定语从句的复合句，并体会高级句式的使用。
1. Here's a true story. It teaches us to guard our secrets carefully. 2. It's about a man. His house front collapsed one day. As a result, his secrets were embarrassingly revealed for all the world to see. 3. Colin Campbell lives in the English Midlands. He wasn't very pleased when a lorry rolled down a hill and crashed into his house. 4. It did damage. And the damage was spectacular(惊人的). 5. The front of the house collapsed. This was bad enough in itself. 6. Even worse, a life-size model of Elvis Presley, became visible to passers-by. It was standing in an upstairs bedroom. Colin said, “It was something I bought on impulse (一时冲动).Then I hid him away in the spare bedroom because I didn't want anyone to see him. Now people are laughing at me. In future I'll always be the man who bought Elvis Presley.”
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
三、阅读下面短文，在空白处填人适当的连接词。
For those 1.______are in terested in food festivals, here are two cool festivals 2._______happen around the world.
La Tomatina is a festival that is held in Valencian town of Bunol, in the East of Spain, in 3.__________ participants throw tomatoes and get involved in a tomato fight purely for entertainment purposes. It is said to be the world's biggest tomato fight,4.___________ takes place every August. People come from all over the world to participate in this huge social occasion, which includes music, parades, dancing, and fireworks. The main event is a tomato fight 5.__________ 100 tons of over-ripe tomatoes are thrown in the streets. Trucks bring the tomatoes into the town, and the fight begins; it ends after exactly one hour. No one is very sure how or why this festival started.
Rio Carnival is one of the most spectacular (壮观的) entertainments in the world, 6.__________ is a wild four- day celebration of music, dance, and food and drink, all over Rio. The event means a lot to the people from the poorest neighborhoods, 7. __________ spend months in preparation. It is an opportunity for the whole community to go out and have fun together. It ends with the Samba Parade, for 8.__________the performers dress up in the most striking costumes.
II.提升能力 真题二次开发
.语法填空
If you want to disturb the car industry, you’d better have a few billion dollars: Mom-and-pop carmakers are unlikely to beat the biggest car companies. But in agriculture, small farmers can get the best of the major players. By connecting directly with customers, and by responding quickly to changes in the markets as well as in the ecosystems(生态系统), small farmers can keep one step ahead of the big guys. 1._______ the co-founder of the National Young Farmers Coalition(NYFC,美国青年农会) and a family farmer myself, I have a front-row seat to the 2.____________ (innovate) among small farmers that are transforming the industry.
For example, take the Quick Cut Greens Harvester, 3._____ tool developed just a couple of years ago by a young farmer, Jonathan Dysinger, in Tennessee, with a small loan from a local Slow Money group. It enables small-scale farmers to harvest 175 pounds of green vegetables per hour —a huge improvement over harvesting just a few dozen pounds by hand—suddenly making 4.________ possible for the little guys to compete with large farms of California. Before the tool came out, small farmers couldn’t touch the price per pound 5.________ (offer) by California farms. But now, with the combination of a better price point and a generally fresher product, they can stay in business.
The sustainable success of small farmers, though, won’t happen without fundamental changes to the industry. One crucial factor is secure access to petition from investors, developers, and 6.__________ (establish) large farmers makes owning one’s own land unattainable for many new farmers. From 2004 to 2013, agricultural land values doubled, and they continue to rise in many regions.
Another challenge for more than a million of the most qualified farm workers and managers 7._________ (be) a non-existent path to citizenship—the greatest barrier to building a farm of their own. With farmers over the age of 65 outnumbering(多于) farmers younger 8.________ 35 by six to one, and with two-thirds of the nation’s farmland in need of a new farmer, we must clear the path for talented people willing to grow the nation’s food.
There are solutions 9._________ could light a path toward a more sustainable and fair farm economy, but farmers can’t 10._________ (clumsy) put them together before us. We at the NYFC need broad support as we urge Congress to increase farmland conservation, as we push for immigration reform, and as we seek policies that will ensure the success of a diverse and ambitious next generation of farmers from all backgrounds. With a new farm bill to be debated in Congress, consumers must take a stand with young farmers.
