专题-S622七选五 人教版选择性必修三 题型特训
Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5
二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10
三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15
一、 初阶练手
Passage 1
（22-23高二下·四川宜宾·期中）Smartwatches and fitness trackers (健身追踪器) have gained popularity recently. These tools can record your daily steps, heart rates, etc. 1 If yes, it might be a sign that you’re addicted to your fitness tracker.
2 If you keep setting unrealistic daily goals that include doing exercise for too long, and if you begin to ignore friends and responsibilities to make time for your exercise, then you’re most probably addicted to your fitness tracker.
It’s difficult to overcome the addiction to fitness trackers. 3 For example, the number in your smart watch showing how far you’ve come can give you a sense of achievement.
Of course, failing to meet your daily goal can be sad. You might focus on your weaknesses rather than your progress. Another problem is that you might find yourself paying too much attention to the step number rather than how your body feels. 4
Therefore, if you’re spending too much time looking at your smartwatch, limit your daily step count to a comfortable level. 5 For example, concentrating on your hobbies or socializing with friends can be a great way to keep your mind on other things.
A．Don’t overuse your smartwatch.
B．It doesn’t show what you’re really feeling.
C．After all, reaching a daily step count can be so attractive.
D．How can you tell whether you’re addicted to your fitness tracker
E．Actually, this addiction to step count can be risky, mentally and physically.
F．However, do you find yourself checking your steps and heart rates too often
G．Besides, you can find other things to do that don’t include checking your fitness tracker.
Passage 2
（23-24高二下·福建南平·阶段练习）How do you like to sit on a chair 1 They might be no friend of a campaign called “The Great Cross-Out” where people are encouraged to keep healthy by not crossing their legs for a whole day.
2 The list of suggested consequences of one knee crossing over the other includes nerve damage and raised blood pressure. But both of them deserve close examination.
It is true that maintaining a particular position for many hours can lead to nerve damage. But when a study examined a series of patients’ notes in order to identify the chief causes, sitting on a chair with one knee over the other didn’t feature. In reality nerve damage is an unlikely consequence of leg-crossing. 3
How about blood pressure When you get it checked, the doctor tends to ask you not to cross your legs. 4 But when the measurements are repeated just three minutes after uncrossing the legs, blood pressure will be back to the earlier levels
So if you like crossing your legs, you’re unlikely to do yourself any damage, provided you don’t stay in the same position until your legs are numb (麻木的). 5 Whoever is sitting next to you on the bus or the train will be grateful to you for taking up less room than the man-spreaders.
A．Is it really any healthier to avoid doing so
B．Many prefer to cross one leg over the other.
C．In fact, leg-crossing could bring extra benefits.
D．You are unable to lift the front part of your foot.
E．It might affect the reading of your blood pressure.
F．Because as soon as we feel uncomfortable, we tend to move.
G．But the evidence for any long-term damage simply isn’t there.
Passage 3
（23-24高二下·甘肃临夏·期末）Laughter is more than just something that feels good in the moment. 1 .
2
Laughing can help us sleep better. In one small-scale study, residents at a long-term care hospital engaged in 40-minute laughter therapy (疗法) sessions twice a week for four weeks. Their sleep quality improved during this time, as did their feelings of depression.
Boosts Immunity
Overall, extensive laughter supports the immune system, which makes us more resistant to disease. By laughing, we increase antibody-producing cells and enhance the effectiveness of T cells in our body 3 . Physicians and mental health professionals can use laughter to help patients achieve positive health outcomes.
Improves Memory
Another benefit of humor that might come as a surprise relates to the brain as well. Namely, it can improve memory retention. When relevant humor is paired with a fact, we tend to have the better recollection of that fact. 4 . In a study focused on humor’s relationship to politics and news, researchers found that the information had a higher chance of being remembered if the content made the participant laugh.
A number of health benefits of humor and laughter are wide-reaching. 5 . Seek out things that bring us joy and laughter, whether they’re our favorite comedies or silly social media posts.
A．Improves Sleep
B．Research confirms this
C．Reduces Physical Pain
D．They help us cope with anxiety, fear, and grief
E．These cells act like a defense army to resist illness
F．It can have real benefits for our physical and mental well-being
G．We can bring more humor into our lives by looking for opportunities to laugh
Passage 4
（23-24高二下·吉林松原·期末）The Importance of Regular Eye Exams
Regular eye exams are just as important as maintaining good eye care habits. Here are some convincing reasons why you should schedule your next eye check-up.
Prevention is better than cure. Routine eye exams are crucial for maintaining healthy vision and detecting issues early on. 1 Your doctor will provide you with personalized advice and recommendations. The goal of an eye exam is to identify and address potential problems before they become more serious.
You’ve noticed a change in your vision. 2 Whether it’s blurred (模糊的) vision, difficulty seeing at a distance, or reading fine print, these could be signs of an underlying eye condition that needs to be addressed.
3 Spending too much time on digital devices can impact your eye health. Long hours of exposure to digital devices can cause digital eye strain (眼疲劳), which may lead to symptoms such as headaches, dry eyes, and discomfort after extended use. You will experience discomfort or dryness in your eyes. Your doctor can provide tips on relieving eye strain from screen time. These symptoms of dry eye or other conditions require medical attention. 4
You’re due for an update on your eyesight. 5 Even if you don’t notice any changes in your vision, it’s important to have your eyes checked regularly to ensure you have the correct lenses for best vision.
A．You might need new glasses.
B．Ignoring them could worsen the problem.
C．You spend a lot of time in front of screens.
D．Your doctor can help you find the right glasses for your needs.
E．However, early detection and treatment can prevent vision loss.
F．You’ve recently been diagnosed with a condition that could affect your vision.
G．It’s important to have regular check-ups to monitor any changes in your eyes.
Passage 5
（23-24高二下·河南商丘·期末）The benefits of walking are many, but deciding how many miles to cover and how much time to spend walking each day is another matter.
Studies have shown that the average American takes between 3. 000 and 4. 000 steps daily doing everyday things — about 1. 5 to 2 miles. 1 But the Centers for Discase Control and Prevention advises most adults to aim for 10. 000 steps a day or about 5 miles. And the recommendation contributes to more positive health outcomes.
What if counting results by miles isn’t your thing 2 “As a walker, you should aim for at least 30 minutes per day, or a total of 150 minutes per week,” says Austin, a licensed psychotherapist. What’s more, if 30 minutes of walking is unrealistic for you to do all at once, then breaking it up into three short, 10-minute sessions. 3
It may also be helpful to health to make walking a part of one’s daily routine. People can take the stairs instead of the elevator, park at the other end of the lot and walk a further distance to a store’ entrance when shopping. Still, why not get off public transportation a stop early 4 All these additional steps can be acquired creatively, beyond fixed walking time.
On top of such physical benefits, walking has been shown to improve sleep and mental health including mood and self-esteem. 5 Therefore, it is free and well accepted by the majority of people. If one is ready to improve overall levels of fitness, walking ticks all the right boxes.
A．Then walk the rest of the way home.
B．Combine walking with everyday routine.
C．They will provide the same health benefits.
D．Walking sessions should be continuous to be beneficial.
E．You can measure your efforts in quantities of time instead.
F．That amount alone has been shown to lower one’s death risk.
G．Walking requires no special equipment, gym membership or training.
二、 进阶练习
Passage 6
（23-24高二下·新疆直辖县级单位·阶段练习）Emotional Eating
Emotional eating is when people use food as a way to deal with feelings instead of satisfying hunger. 1 Have you ever finished a whole bag of chips out of boredom or downed cookie after cookie while preparing for a big test But when done a lot— especially without realizing it — emotional eating can affect weight, health, and overall well-being.
2 One of the biggest myths about emotional eating is that it’s caused by negative feelings. Yes, people often turn to food when they’re stressed out, lonely, sad, anxious, or bored. But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too, like the romance of sharing dessert on Valentine’s Day or the celebration of a holiday feast. Sometimes emotional eating is tied to major life events, like a death or a divorce. 3
Emotional eating patterns can be learned: A child who is given candy after a big achievement may grow up using candy as a reward for a job well done. 4 It’s not easy to “unlearn” patterns of emotional eating. But it is possible. And it starts with an awareness of what’s going on.
We’re all emotional caters to a degree. But for some people emotional eating can be a real problem, causing serious weight gain or other problems. The trouble with emotional eating is that once the pleasure of eating is gone, the feelings that cause it remain. 5 That’s why it helps to know the difference between physical hunger and emotional hunger.
Next time you reach for a snack, wait and think about which type of hunger is driving it.
A．Believe it or not, we’ve all been there.
B．If a crying boy gets some cookies, he may link cookies with comfort.
C．One study found that people who eat food like pizza become happy afterwards.
D．And you often may feel worse about eating the amount or type of food you like.
E．Understanding what drives emotional eating can help people take steps to change it.
F．Boys seem to prefer hot, homemade comfort meals, while girls go for chocolate and ice cream.
G．More often, though, it’s the countless little daily stresses that cause someone to seek comfort in food.
Passage 7
（23-24高二下·宁夏石嘴山·期末）How to age gracefully
As we age, it is natural to experience changes in our bodies and minds. 1 . By taking care of our bodies and minds, we can age gracefully and enjoy good health and happiness. Here are some tips for aging in a healthy and graceful way!
Prioritize (给……优先权) self-care
To start with, it’s vital that you put yourself and self-care first! This is important at any stage of life. And you will thank yourself later for starting early. Practicing self-care can look different for everyone. 2 . Self care can take the form of doing regular exercise, getting plenty of sleep or simply taking time for yourself.
Stay active
Regular exercise is important in maintaining good health, physically and mentally. While important throughout our lives, it can be easy as we age to want to stop exercising. 3 . As long as you are getting your body moving, you’ll be helping yourself out.
Connect and socialize
4 . We must remember that maintaining social connections is crucial for our mental and physical health. You can consider joining a club or sports team to make friends. You never know who you will meet and may find some new like-minded people.
Embrace your age
Instead of fighting the natural changes that come with getting older, embrace your age and all that comes with it. 5 . And don’t be afraid to try new things or take risks. It’s totally fine to try to keep your skin looking healthy. But remember, everyone gets older!
A．Just make sure you are doing things you enjoy.
B．Remember, this is the time that you should take exercise.
C．Celebrate the wisdom and experience that you have gained.
D．Enough sleep is essential for overall health and well-being.
E．However, aging doesn’t have to mean a decline in health or energy.
F．It’s never too late to invest more time in your health and well being.
G．As we get older, it gets easier to separate ourselves from others and stay indoors.
Passage 8
（23-24高二下·山东日照·期末）Fating junk food can have a significant impact on one's health. Though many people enjoy eating junk food and think it tastes great, the health consequences can be serious, and can range from everything to low energy levels to weight gain and illness. 1 But it typically refers to foods that are relatively high in caloric content, but low in nutritional value.
Junk food is often high in sugar, salt, white flour, and fat 2 A few examples of foods often considered to be junk food include fast food, sweets such as ice cream. candy, donuts, and prepackaged treats, soda, and potato chips, among many others. Most people have no trouble identifying junk food; it is when they want to stop eating junk food that the-trouble starts.
3 Many people skip breakfast or other meals throughout the day, choosing instead to grab a quick snack or a soft drink. The junk food causes energy levels to increase, which people like, but then energy levels will quickly drop sharply, sending one back into the kitchen for another quick snack.
Another one of the most obvious effects from eating junk food is weight gain. People who cat a lot of junk food tend to gain weight quickly, which can lead to obesity over time 4 It can raise cholesterol(胆固醇) and blood pressure, contributing to heart disease. In addition, eating junk food can cause one to develop insulin resistance, which is one of the risk factors for diabetes.
When the body does not get proper nutrition. it can become difficult to concentrate. 5 Keep all of these unhealth effects of junk food in mind before eating anything; a healthy diet can lead to greater energy levels, improved mood and concentration ability, weight loss, and decreased risk factors for heart disease and. diabetes. Though junk food may be easy and fast, its health impacts are too great to ignore.
A．It can also cause depression.
B．This is a particular concern in children.
C．In addition, junk food can cause moodiness.
D．It is often heavily processed and prepackaged.
E．The term “junk food” includes a fairly broad category of food
F．The first effect of eating junk food is its impact on energy levels.
G．This extra weight then has an impact on the health of the rest of the body.
Passage 9
（23-24高二下·贵州黔东南·期末）Research shows that when people do not get enough sleep, they have slower response times, worse decision-making, difficulty paying attention, and poorer memory. 1 . In the brain, these changes show up as less activity in the prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮质), which is in charge of planning and decision-making.
To reduce these effects and save your day after a bad night’s sleep, experts recommend taking a nap (打盹). 2 . It can also improve your performance on many tasks that are affected by lack of sleep. To avoid the sleepiness some people feel after napping, try to keep your nap to 30 minutes.
3 . However, don’t drink too much, as it can cause nervousness and make your heart beat faster. Regular exercise has been shown to help with the health problems caused by lack of sleep over time. There is also proof that it helps you perform better right after a bad night of sleep.
While these methods can help, they won’t completely offset (抵消) the effects of sleep loss. 4 You could schedule your day around your body clock and, if possible, avoid having any important or heavy conversations, since lack of sleep can make you more bad-tempered and emotionally reactive.
In addition to these methods, it’s important to practise good sleep habits regularly to prevent sleep deprivation in the first place. This includes maintaining a consistent sleep schedule, creating a restful environment, and avoiding stimulants like caffeine close to bedtime. By prioritizing sleep and taking steps to manage the effects of a bad night’s sleep, you can maintain better overall health and productivity. Remember, sleep is a crucial part of your well-being. 5 .
A．Napping can help you feel less tired
B．Tea and coffee can make you stay awake
C．People are also more likely to feel depressed
D．The following methods can help you behave well
E．Coffee can also help you stay awake and think better
F．If possible, adjust your day to avoid serious mistakes
G．Taking it seriously can greatly improve your daily life
Passage 10
（23-24高二下·安徽马鞍山·期末）Do you spend too many nights trying to fall asleep You are not alone. Some of the major causes are stress, anxiety, and a culture that experts say is about productivity, not rest. But don’t worry. 1 .
Watch what you eat
Eating a large meal right before bedtime can also hurt your sleep. 2 Try small amounts of food with protein or healthy fats, like cheese, almonds or peanut butter on whole grain bread.
Avoid alcohol and caffeine
Experts suggest finishing up your alcoholic or caffeinated drinks many hours before bed. 3 , it can also hurt your sleep cycle. As a result, the quality of sleep declines. The chances that you will wake up more often in the middle of the night increase.
4 .
Light from phone s and computer screens can disturb the internal clock that naturally wakes us up. You will need self-control to stop looking at screens. TikTok doesn’t want you to stop. Only you can stop you, so you have to learn to put that thing away.
See your doctor
5 , if you are still having a hard time getting a good night’s sleep after more than one month of trying. This is especially true if your sleepless nights are hurting your work performance or your mood.
A．Get rid of phones
B．Limit screen time
C．If you find it easy to fall asleep
D．Here are some simple suggestions
E．But do not go to bed very hungry, either
F．It is time to have a medical appointment
G．While alcohol can help you fall asleep at first
三、 高阶提升
Passage 11
（23-24高二下·广东·期末）As is the case with many of life’s blessings, our visual acuity is often regarded with a sense of complacency until it commences to present us with challenges. It is only when we encounter impediments in perusing the daily publications and begin to suffer from cephalalgias that we start to question the prudence of our nocturnal vigils spent before the luminous screens of our computers. 1
Eat well. What you eat has a great impact on your eyes. You’d better have a balanced diet, which includes plenty of fish and leafy green vegetables, fruits, nuts, and eggs. These contain nutrients such as vitamins C and E. 2 A healthy diet also helps prevent obesity and diabetes, which may affect your eye health badly.
Take care of our glasses. If you have been donning ocular appliances since your formative years, it is likely that you received instruction on their proper maintenance. However, as time has passed, you may have become somewhat remiss and have ceased to diligently adhere to the practices of preserving the condition and functionality of your spectacles. 3 Employ a delicate, cottonen textile to meticulously cleanse the ocular lenses on a daily basis, ensuring the removal of any surface debris and smudges. Additionally, it is prudent to submerge the spectacles in a tepid aqueous solution infused with a mild detergent biweekly to eliminate microbial colonies that may have accumulated. When placing them in repose, ensure that the lenses are oriented skyward to prevent any inadvertent compression that could lead to deformation or scratching. Consistently repose them within a robust protective enclosure during periods of disuse to shield them from potential damage.
4 You already know this one, but it bears repeating — stop staring at your computer screen or TV all the time. You need to take short breaks every half an hour, just a minute of looking away, or closing your eyes.
Wear sunglasses. Sunglasses can make you look pretty cool. 5 Find sunglasses that are stylish and comfortable and keep them close by at all time during summer.
A．And that’s a mistake.
B．Don’t overuse your eyes.
C．They are essential for eye health.
D．Have your eyes checked regularly.
E．Wearing fancy sunglasses is thought to be a good choice.
F．They can also protect your eyes from the glare of the sun.
G．Follow the following suggestions to keep your eyes healthy.
Passage 12
（23-24高二下·河南新乡·期末）We’ve all been there — dinner is over, but your stomach (or is it your mind ) is calling you back to the kitchen. Many of us experience the temptation of after-dinner cravings (渴望). 1 . But why do they happen, even if you’ve eaten well all day Let’s unpack the science behind these urges and explore practical solutions to help reduce the likelihood of after-dinner cravings.Identifying triggers (诱因)
After-dinner cravings can stem from psychological needs to genuine hunger. 2 . Meanwhile, if your meals throughout the day lack sufficient protein or calories, your body might be signaling a real need for additional nutrients. It’s essential to distinguish between the two to address them effectively.
3
The size of your meals can significantly influence after-dinner cravings. Not getting enough calories throughout the day, particularly at dinner, can trigger hunger suffering overnight, as your body seeks to fuel itself. Conversely, overeating can lead to uncomfortable fullness and potentially disrupt your metabolism (新陈代谢) and sleep patterns. Finding the right balance is a must.Boosting protein and veggies
Protein boasts a high satiety (饱腹感) index thanks to its ability to trigger the release of appetite-regulating hormones (激素). Vegetables, too, work in promoting satiety. Their high fiber content slows down digestion, and their high water content adds volume to meals without adding significant calories. Include protein and vegetables in your meals. 4 .Engaging in after-dinner movement
5 . It’s not only good for digestion, but helps stabilize blood sugar levels, potentially reducing the sharp rises and drops that can trigger cravings. The act of moving your body can elevate levels of endorphins, hormones known to promote feelings of well-being and potentially reduce cravings.
A．Reshaping your habits
B．Eating properly-portioned meals
C．They can seemingly be at odds with our health goals
D．They’re great combinations to help you keep cravings at bay
E．Light physical activity, like walking, offers a two-fold benefits
F．Including a protein source at each meal, you feel the less urge to snack later on
G．Stress or boredom may trick you into thinking you’re hungry, causing unnecessary snacking
Passage 13
（23-24高二下·广东广州·期末）The hot summer sun has many of us heading outdoors to do summer sports. For some, the warm weather makes us feel like kicking a ball around. 1 Whatever your reasons for doing more sport this summer, make sure you’re doing it safely to prevent injuries.
Know your limits
Before following a recipe, you need to check you have all the equipment and ingredients 2 Before getting started, people with health issues should consult a doctor to ensure their fitness for physical activity. Once you do start exercising, it's important to continue to pay attention to your body and its limits.
Ease into it
If you’re unfit, you may wish to consider starting with low intensity exercises such as cycling or swimming to get your body used to moving. You should ease yourself into it. If you normally play soccer twice a week and suddenly you increase to five times per week, you are exhausting your muscles and joints. 3
Do strengthening and conditioning exercises
The most important thing for preventing injuries is actually strengthening and doing conditioning exercises. Running marathons is not about just running. You need to have strong muscles to support your joints. 4 You’ll need to strengthen your legs and core muscles to allow you to go the distance.
5 You can stand on one leg and throw and catch a ball against the wall at home. Standing on one leg will improve your balance and multitasking will improve your coordination (协调性).
A．So, don’t just go out and run.
B．Picking up a new sport is no different.
C．Check your muscles and joints regularly.
D．For others, it’s a good choice to go for a hike.
E．This can increase your chances of getting injured.
F．This will keep your muscles from getting too tight.
G．Balance and coordination are also very important.
Passage 14
（23-24高二下·广东深圳·期末）As the world’s population increases, so does the need for food, especially from animal sources. This urges us to find sustainable ways to feed billions more people in the future. 1 It has a great impact on our health and environment.
Many people are skeptical about reducing meat consumption, but there are many benefits of adopting plant-based diet. 2 Besides, it produces significantly fewer greenhouse gases and requires less land and water than animals. This helps keep ecological balance and promotes better life quality.
3 This kind of diet is not usually preferred by people who enjoy the taste of animal meat. Just like the resistance some people have towards eating insects, the shift to plant-based diet also requires great changes in how people perceive and enjoy food.
The future of our food supply will depend heavily on our willingness to accept more sustainable eating habits. Options like lab-grown meats are promising. Yet will these food choices become common in our supermarkets 4
How we choose to eat in the coming years will contribute to ensuring a sustainable future for you and me. 5 Hopefully, we can balance our nutritional needs with the planet’s ability to support us, building a harmonious relationship with our environment.
A．Such diet has been tried by many people.
B．It remains to be seen whether we can make it happen.
C．It is more nutritious compared with animal-based food.
D．Much depends on how such restaurants treat customers.
E．However, adapting to plant-based diet can be challenging.
F．Our choices directly impact the ecosystem and social welfare.
G．A practical solution is plant-based diet including fruits, vegetables and nuts.
Passage 15
（23-24高二下·浙江湖州·期末）Some children are more energetic than others. As a mom, I know this first-hand, because my son has always been pretty active, but my daughter is on another level. 1 , I would probably be a millionaire (百万富翁). When she was young, it was even more challenging. That was because if we didn’t fit in enough activities, she would get bad-tempered.
2 Not only do they provide structure, but also they allow children to use their boundless energy in a way that’s healthy for their bodies and minds, You just need to find something that attracts them, so it’s fun and not a bother.
We try several activities until my daughter finds her calling: gymnastics (体操). 3 , she is happier than ever, despite the long hours she spends training and the competition schedule which can be quite intense. I’m not pushing her, but I’m proudly supporting her every step of the way. 4
Here are several lessons I’ve learned that might help you if your kid is a bit too energetic: Accept that your child needs more physical activities than others. Find one sport or activity that he or she enjoys. If possible, find a school that has daily break time or offers regular PE classes. Work out the schedule for after-school activities that will allow your child to let off some steam, but don’t overdo it. 5 . And being overtired can also create problems related to school, sleep or behavior.
A．Kids need time to relax.
B．As I know I have a unique daughter.
C．All I can do is to thank sports sincerely.
D．She was more energetic than other girls.
E．If I could gather up her energy and sell it.
F．After she convinced her coach to let her compete.
G．She found something where her high energy levels help her achieve her goals.专题-S622七选五 人教版选择性必修三 题型特训
Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5
二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10
三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15
一、 初阶练手
Passage 1
（22-23高二下·四川宜宾·期中）Smartwatches and fitness trackers (健身追踪器) have gained popularity recently. These tools can record your daily steps, heart rates, etc. 1 If yes, it might be a sign that you’re addicted to your fitness tracker.
2 If you keep setting unrealistic daily goals that include doing exercise for too long, and if you begin to ignore friends and responsibilities to make time for your exercise, then you’re most probably addicted to your fitness tracker.
It’s difficult to overcome the addiction to fitness trackers. 3 For example, the number in your smart watch showing how far you’ve come can give you a sense of achievement.
Of course, failing to meet your daily goal can be sad. You might focus on your weaknesses rather than your progress. Another problem is that you might find yourself paying too much attention to the step number rather than how your body feels. 4
Therefore, if you’re spending too much time looking at your smartwatch, limit your daily step count to a comfortable level. 5 For example, concentrating on your hobbies or socializing with friends can be a great way to keep your mind on other things.
A．Don’t overuse your smartwatch.
B．It doesn’t show what you’re really feeling.
C．After all, reaching a daily step count can be so attractive.
D．How can you tell whether you’re addicted to your fitness tracker
E．Actually, this addiction to step count can be risky, mentally and physically.
F．However, do you find yourself checking your steps and heart rates too often
G．Besides, you can find other things to do that don’t include checking your fitness tracker.
【答案】1. F 2. D 3. C 4. E 5. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了对健身追踪器上瘾的现象和迹象，分析了原因及其对精神和身体带来的影响，并给出了一些建议。
1. 上文“These tools can record your daily steps, heart rates, etc. (这些工具可以记录你每天的步数、心率等) ”及下文“If yes, it might be a sign that you’re addicted to your fitness tracker. (如果是，那可能是你对健身追踪器上瘾的迹象) ”说明你在运动后可以通过健身追踪器查看步数和心率，并对这些工具上瘾，空处承上启下，F项中“steps and heart rates”与上文“your daily steps, heart rates”相一致，F项“然而，你是否发现自己过于频繁地查看自己的步数和心率？”提出问题，引出下文的回答，符合题意。故选F。
2. 下文“If you keep setting unrealistic daily goals that include doing exercise for too long, and if you begin to ignore friends and responsibilities to make time for your exercise, then you’re most probably addicted to your fitness tracker. (如果你总是设定不切实际的日常目标，包括锻炼太长时间，如果你开始忽视朋友和责任，腾出时间来锻炼，那么你很可能对你的健身追踪器上瘾了) ”说明对健身追踪器上瘾的具体表现，D项中的“you’re addicted to your fitness tracker”与下文“you’re most probably addicted to your fitness tracker”相呼应，D项“你如何判断自己是否沉迷于健身追踪器？”提出问题，引出下文的回答，符合题意。故选D。
3. 上文“It’s difficult to overcome the addiction to fitness trackers. (很难克服对健身追踪器的上瘾) ”及下文“For example, the number in your smart watch showing how far you’ve come can give you a sense of achievement. (例如，智能手表上显示你已经走了多远的数字可以给你一种成就感) ”说明智能手表上显示的步数会给你一种成就感，C项“attractive”与下文“give you a sense of achievement”相呼应，C项“毕竟，达到每天的步数是非常有吸引力的。”符合题意。故选C。
4. 上文“Another problem is that you might find yourself paying too much attention to the step number rather than how your body feels. (另一个问题是，你可能会发现自己过于关注步数，而不是你的身体感觉) ”说明你可能会过于关注步数，而不是自己身体的感觉，E项中“this addiction to step count”与上文“paying too much attention to the step number”相呼应，E项“事实上，这种对步数的上瘾在心理和身体上都是有风险的。”承接上文，符合题意。故选E。
5. 上文“Therefore, if you’re spending too much time looking at your smartwatch, limit your daily step count to a comfortable level. (因此，如果你花太多时间看智能手表，把你的日常步数限制在一个舒适的水平) ”及下文“For example, concentrating on your hobbies or socializing with friends can be a great way to keep your mind on other things. (例如，专注于你的爱好或与朋友社交是让你专注于其他事情的好方法) ”说明可以采用查看与健身追踪器无关的事情的方法，来减少看智能手表的时间，G项“find other things to do”与下文“keep your mind on other things”相呼应，G项“除此之外，你还可以找到其他不需要查看健身追踪器的事情。”引出下文，符合题意。故选G。
Passage 2
（23-24高二下·福建南平·阶段练习）How do you like to sit on a chair 1 They might be no friend of a campaign called “The Great Cross-Out” where people are encouraged to keep healthy by not crossing their legs for a whole day.
2 The list of suggested consequences of one knee crossing over the other includes nerve damage and raised blood pressure. But both of them deserve close examination.
It is true that maintaining a particular position for many hours can lead to nerve damage. But when a study examined a series of patients’ notes in order to identify the chief causes, sitting on a chair with one knee over the other didn’t feature. In reality nerve damage is an unlikely consequence of leg-crossing. 3
How about blood pressure When you get it checked, the doctor tends to ask you not to cross your legs. 4 But when the measurements are repeated just three minutes after uncrossing the legs, blood pressure will be back to the earlier levels
So if you like crossing your legs, you’re unlikely to do yourself any damage, provided you don’t stay in the same position until your legs are numb (麻木的). 5 Whoever is sitting next to you on the bus or the train will be grateful to you for taking up less room than the man-spreaders.
A．Is it really any healthier to avoid doing so
B．Many prefer to cross one leg over the other.
C．In fact, leg-crossing could bring extra benefits.
D．You are unable to lift the front part of your foot.
E．It might affect the reading of your blood pressure.
F．Because as soon as we feel uncomfortable, we tend to move.
G．But the evidence for any long-term damage simply isn’t there.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. F 4. E 5. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是翘二郎腿的利弊。
1. 根据空前“How do you like to sit on a chair (你喜欢坐在椅子上吗？)”可知此处提出了与坐在椅子上相关的话题，根据下文“They might be no friend of a campaign called “The Great Cross-Out” where people are encouraged to keep healthy by not crossing their legs for a whole day.(他们可能不喜欢一项名为“大交叉”的活动，该活动鼓励人们通过一整天不跷二郎腿来保持健康。)”可知此处指出有些人可能不喜欢名为“大交叉”的活动，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲到这些人不喜欢这项活动的原因，B项Many prefer to cross one leg over the other.(许多人喜欢把一条腿交叉在另一条腿上。)指出因为许多人喜欢交叉腿，所以他们不喜欢名为“大交叉”的活动，承接上文，引出下文，而且下文的they指代B项中的Many，符合上下文语境，故选B项。
2. 根据空前“They might be no friend of a campaign called “The Great Cross-Out” where people are encouraged to keep healthy by not crossing their legs for a whole day.(他们可能不喜欢一项名为“大交叉”的活动，该活动鼓励人们通过一整天不跷二郎腿来保持健康。)”可知此处讲的是“大交叉”的活动鼓励人们通过一整天不跷二郎腿来保持健康，根据空后“The list of suggested consequences of one knee crossing over the other includes nerve damage and raised blood pressure. But both of them deserve close examination.(单膝交叉的后果包括神经损伤和血压升高。但这两者都值得仔细研究。)”可知此处提到了跷二郎腿可能造成神经损伤和血压升高，空处承上启下，所以空处的内容应与不翘跷二郎腿是否有利有关，A项Is it really any healthier to avoid doing so (不这样做真的更健康吗？)提出如果不单膝交叉是不是更健康的疑问，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境，故选A项。
3. 根据空前“But when a study examined a series of patients’ notes in order to identify the chief causes, sitting on a chair with one knee over the other didn’t feature. In reality nerve damage is an unlikely consequence of leg-crossing.( 但是，当一项研究检查了一系列患者的笔记以确定主要原因时，坐在椅子上同时将一只膝盖放在另一只膝盖上并不是主要原因。实际上，跷二郎腿不太可能造成神经损伤。)”可知此处指出跷二郎腿不太可能造成神经损伤，空处位于段末，应对前文内容进行总结，所以空处应该紧接上文指出跷二郎腿不太可能造成神经损伤的原因是什么，F项Because as soon as we feel uncomfortable, we tend to move.(因为一旦我们感到不舒服，我们就倾向于移动。)指出跷二郎腿不太可能造成神经损伤的原因，对上文进行总结，符合上下文语境，故选F项。
4. 根据空前“How about blood pressure When you get it checked, the doctor tends to ask you not to cross your legs.(那血压呢？当你做检查时，医生往往会要求你不要跷二郎腿。)”可知此处讲到做检查时医生会要求我们不要跷二郎腿，根据空后“But when the measurements are repeated just three minutes after uncrossing the legs, blood pressure will be back to the earlier levels(但是，在跷二郎腿三分钟后再次测量，血压就会恢复到之前的水平。)”指出在跷二郎腿三分钟后再次测量，血压就会恢复到之前的水平，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲到医生要求我们不要跷二郎腿的原因，E项It might affect the reading of your blood pressure.(它可能会影响你的血压读数。)指出医生要求我们不要跷二郎腿的原因，承接上文，引出下文，并列连词But表明前后内容相反，而且E项中的blood pressure与空前的blood pressure相对应，符合上文语境，故选E项。
5. 根据空前“So if you like crossing your legs, you’re unlikely to do yourself any damage, provided you don’t stay in the same position until your legs are numb(所以，如果你喜欢跷二郎腿，你不太可能对自己造成任何伤害，前提是你不要一直保持同一个姿势，直到你的腿麻木。)”可知此处讲的是如果喜欢跷二郎腿就不要让自己保持同一个姿势直到腿麻木，根据空后“Whoever is sitting next to you on the bus or the train will be grateful to you for taking up less room than the man-spreaders.(在公共汽车或火车上，坐在你旁边的人都会感激你占的空间比男人摊的少。)”可知此处指出跷二郎腿的额外好处，空处承上启下，所以空处应该讲的是事实上跷二郎腿有很多额外的好处，C项In fact, leg-crossing could bring extra benefits.(事实上，跷二郎腿还能带来额外的好处。)指出跷二郎腿的额外好处，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文语境，故选C项。
Passage 3
（23-24高二下·甘肃临夏·期末）Laughter is more than just something that feels good in the moment. 1 .
2
Laughing can help us sleep better. In one small-scale study, residents at a long-term care hospital engaged in 40-minute laughter therapy (疗法) sessions twice a week for four weeks. Their sleep quality improved during this time, as did their feelings of depression.
Boosts Immunity
Overall, extensive laughter supports the immune system, which makes us more resistant to disease. By laughing, we increase antibody-producing cells and enhance the effectiveness of T cells in our body 3 . Physicians and mental health professionals can use laughter to help patients achieve positive health outcomes.
Improves Memory
Another benefit of humor that might come as a surprise relates to the brain as well. Namely, it can improve memory retention. When relevant humor is paired with a fact, we tend to have the better recollection of that fact. 4 . In a study focused on humor’s relationship to politics and news, researchers found that the information had a higher chance of being remembered if the content made the participant laugh.
A number of health benefits of humor and laughter are wide-reaching. 5 . Seek out things that bring us joy and laughter, whether they’re our favorite comedies or silly social media posts.
A．Improves Sleep
B．Research confirms this
C．Reduces Physical Pain
D．They help us cope with anxiety, fear, and grief
E．These cells act like a defense army to resist illness
F．It can have real benefits for our physical and mental well-being
G．We can bring more humor into our lives by looking for opportunities to laugh
【答案】1. F 2. A 3. E 4. B 5. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了笑对我们身心健康的好处。
1. 上文“Laughter is more than just something that feels good in the moment.(笑不只是让人一时感到愉快的事情。)”指出笑的好处，即不仅让人一时感到愉快，空处承接上文，继续介绍笑的好处，F项“它对我们的身心健康有真正的好处”符合，同时引起下文，下文具体介绍了笑对我们身心健康的好处，故选F。
2. 此处是本段小标题，根据下文“Laughing can help us sleep better. In one small-scale study, residents at a long-term care hospital engaged in 40-minute laughter therapy (疗法) sessions twice a week for four weeks. Their sleep quality improved during this time, as did their feelings of depression.(笑能帮助我们睡得更好。在一项小规模研究中，一家长期护理医院的住院医生每周进行两次 40 分钟的笑声疗法，持续四周。在此期间，他们的睡眠质量得到了改善，抑郁情绪也有所缓解)”可知，本段主要介绍了笑能提高我们的睡眠质量，A项“改善睡眠”符合，能概括本段内容，故选A。
3. 上文“Overall, extensive laughter supports the immune system, which makes us more resistant to disease. By laughing, we increase antibody-producing cells and enhance the effectiveness of T cells in our body (总的来说，经常笑可以增强免疫系统，让我们更能抵抗疾病。通过大笑，我们可以增加产生抗体的细胞，并提高体内 T 细胞的效力)”指出笑能增加免疫系统，即通过大笑，我们可以增加产生抗体的细胞，并提高体内T细胞的效力，空处承接上文，指出这些细胞进而抵御疾病，以此来增强免疫系统，E项“这些细胞就像防御军一样抵抗疾病”符合，These cells代指上文提到的antibody-producing cells以及T cells，故选E。
4. 上文“Another benefit of humor that might come as a surprise relates to the brain as well. Namely, it can improve memory retention. When relevant humor is paired with a fact, we tend to have the better recollection of that fact. (幽默的另一个令人惊讶的好处也与大脑有关。也就是说，它可以提高记忆力。当相关的幽默与事实相结合时，我们往往会更好地记住这个事实)”指出幽默能提高记忆力，下文“In a study focused on humor’s relationship to politics and news, researchers found that the information had a higher chance of being remembered if the content made the participant laugh.(在一项关注幽默与政治和新闻的关系的研究中，研究人员发现，如果内容能使参与者发笑，则该信息更有可能被记住。)”用一项实验来对此进行说明，空处承上启下，B项“研究证实了这一点”符合，指出有研究证实了这一点，下文具体介绍了研究内容，故选B。
5. 上文“A number of health benefits of humor and laughter are wide-reaching.(幽默和笑对健康有许多广泛的益处。)”指出幽默和笑声对健康有很多好处，因此我们可以给生活中添加幽默和笑声，G项“我们可以通过寻找欢笑的机会给生活增添更多幽默”符合，下文“Seek out things that bring us joy and laughter, whether they're our favorite comedies or silly social media posts.(寻找能给我们带来欢乐和笑声的事物，无论它们是我们最喜欢的喜剧还是愚蠢的社交媒体帖子。)”具体介绍了如何通过寻找欢笑的机会给生活增添更多幽默，故选G。
Passage 4
（23-24高二下·吉林松原·期末）The Importance of Regular Eye Exams
Regular eye exams are just as important as maintaining good eye care habits. Here are some convincing reasons why you should schedule your next eye check-up.
Prevention is better than cure. Routine eye exams are crucial for maintaining healthy vision and detecting issues early on. 1 Your doctor will provide you with personalized advice and recommendations. The goal of an eye exam is to identify and address potential problems before they become more serious.
You’ve noticed a change in your vision. 2 Whether it’s blurred (模糊的) vision, difficulty seeing at a distance, or reading fine print, these could be signs of an underlying eye condition that needs to be addressed.
3 Spending too much time on digital devices can impact your eye health. Long hours of exposure to digital devices can cause digital eye strain (眼疲劳), which may lead to symptoms such as headaches, dry eyes, and discomfort after extended use. You will experience discomfort or dryness in your eyes. Your doctor can provide tips on relieving eye strain from screen time. These symptoms of dry eye or other conditions require medical attention. 4
You’re due for an update on your eyesight. 5 Even if you don’t notice any changes in your vision, it’s important to have your eyes checked regularly to ensure you have the correct lenses for best vision.
A．You might need new glasses.
B．Ignoring them could worsen the problem.
C．You spend a lot of time in front of screens.
D．Your doctor can help you find the right glasses for your needs.
E．However, early detection and treatment can prevent vision loss.
F．You’ve recently been diagnosed with a condition that could affect your vision.
G．It’s important to have regular check-ups to monitor any changes in your eyes.
【答案】1. G 2. F 3. C 4. E 5. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是定期眼科检查的重要性。
1. 空前“Routine eye exams are crucial for maintaining healthy vision and detecting issues early on.(常规眼科检查对于保持健康的视力和及早发现问题至关重要。)”说明进行常规的眼科检查很重要，空后“Your doctor will provide you with personalized advice and recommendations.(你的医生会为你提供个性化的建议和推荐。)”说明了医生会为你提供个性化的建议和建议，因此空格处应该说要去医生那儿检查，G选项“It’s important to have regular check-ups to monitor any changes in your eyes.(定期检查以监测眼睛的任何变化是很重要的。)”说明了定期检查很重要，引出后文的医生能为你做的事情，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
2. 空前“You’ve noticed a change in your vision.(你注意到你的视力发生了变化。)”提出的是假设性的事情，空后“Whether it’s blurred (模糊的) vision, difficulty seeing at a distance, or reading fine print, these could be signs of an underlying eye condition that needs to be addressed.(无论是视力模糊，看远处有困难，还是阅读小字，这些都可能是潜在的眼部疾病的迹象，需要解决。)”列举了一系列可能出现的问题，空格处也应该是假设你可能遇到什么样的眼睛的问题，F选项“You’ve recently been diagnosed with a condition that could affect your vision.(你最近被诊断出患有一种可能影响你视力的疾病。)”说明你可能被诊断出眼睛的疾病，引出后文具体的一些问题，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。
3. 空后“Spending too much time on digital devices can impact your eye health. Long hours of exposure to digital devices can cause digital eye strain (眼疲劳), which may lead to symptoms such as headaches, dry eyes, and discomfort after extended use.(花太多时间在电子设备上会影响你的眼睛健康。长时间接触数码设备会导致数码眼疲劳，长时间使用后可能导致头痛、眼睛干涩和不适等症状。)”说明的是花太多时间看电子设备会引起的问题，空格处也应该说看电子设备的相关内容，C选项“You spend a lot of time in front of screens.(你在屏幕前花了很多时间。)”中的“屏幕”和电子设备相关，因此C选项引起下文，符合语境，故选C。
4. 空前“You will experience discomfort or dryness in your eyes. Your doctor can provide tips on relieving eye strain from screen time. These symptoms of dry eye or other conditions require medical attention.(你会感到眼睛不舒服或干涩。你的医生可以提供一些缓解看屏幕造成的眼睛疲劳的建议。这些干眼症或其他症状需要就医。)”说明干眼症需要就医，本文主要讲的是定期眼科检查的重要性，因此空格处作为本段最后一句，应该强调早期发现和治疗的重要性，E选项“However, early detection and treatment can prevent vision loss.(然而，早期发现和治疗可以防止视力丧失。)”说明了早期发现和治疗的重要性，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选E。
5. 空后“Even if you don’t notice any changes in your vision, it’s important to have your eyes checked regularly to ensure you have the correct lenses for best vision.(即使你没有注意到你的视力有任何变化，定期检查眼睛以确保你有正确的镜片以获得最佳视力也是很重要的。)”说明要有正确的镜片，空格处应该和眼镜有关，D选项“Your doctor can help you find the right glasses for your needs.(你的医生可以帮你找到适合你需要的眼镜。)”和眼镜有关，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选D。
Passage 5
（23-24高二下·河南商丘·期末）The benefits of walking are many, but deciding how many miles to cover and how much time to spend walking each day is another matter.
Studies have shown that the average American takes between 3. 000 and 4. 000 steps daily doing everyday things — about 1. 5 to 2 miles. 1 But the Centers for Discase Control and Prevention advises most adults to aim for 10. 000 steps a day or about 5 miles. And the recommendation contributes to more positive health outcomes.
What if counting results by miles isn’t your thing 2 “As a walker, you should aim for at least 30 minutes per day, or a total of 150 minutes per week,” says Austin, a licensed psychotherapist. What’s more, if 30 minutes of walking is unrealistic for you to do all at once, then breaking it up into three short, 10-minute sessions. 3
It may also be helpful to health to make walking a part of one’s daily routine. People can take the stairs instead of the elevator, park at the other end of the lot and walk a further distance to a store’ entrance when shopping. Still, why not get off public transportation a stop early 4 All these additional steps can be acquired creatively, beyond fixed walking time.
On top of such physical benefits, walking has been shown to improve sleep and mental health including mood and self-esteem. 5 Therefore, it is free and well accepted by the majority of people. If one is ready to improve overall levels of fitness, walking ticks all the right boxes.
A．Then walk the rest of the way home.
B．Combine walking with everyday routine.
C．They will provide the same health benefits.
D．Walking sessions should be continuous to be beneficial.
E．You can measure your efforts in quantities of time instead.
F．That amount alone has been shown to lower one’s death risk.
G．Walking requires no special equipment, gym membership or training.
【答案】1. F 2. E 3. C 4. A 5. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了步行的好处。
1. 根据前文“Studies have shown that the average American takes between 3, 000 and 4, 000 steps daily doing everyday things—about 1.5 to 2 miles. (研究表明，美国人平均每天要走3000到4000步，做一些日常的事情——大约1.5到2英里。) ”可知，这里继续介绍每天走3000到4000步的好处——可以降低死亡风险。F项 “That amount alone has been shown to lower one's death risk. (仅这个量就已被证明可以降低死亡风险。) ”与上下文一致，符合文意，故选F项。
2. 根据前文“What if counting results by miles isn’t your thing (如果按英里计算成绩不是你的强项怎么办？ )”可知，后句提供了一种新的方式，再根据下文““As a walker, you should aim for at least 30 minutes per day, or a total of 150 minutes per week,” says Austin, a licensed psychotherapist. (“作为一个步行者，你应该每天至少锻炼30分钟，或者每周总共150分钟，”奥斯汀说，他是一名有执照的心理治疗师。)”，可知这里提供了时间衡量的方式，与E项“You can measure your efforts in quantities of time instead. (你可以用时间来衡量你的努力。) ”上下文一致，符合文意。故选E项。
3. 根据前文“What’s more, if 30 minutes of walking is unrealistic for you to do all at once, then breaking it up into three short, 10-minute sessions. (更重要的是，如果30分钟的步行对你来说一次完成是不现实的，那么把它分成三个钟的小时间段。)”可知，不管是连续步行30分钟还是分成三个钟完成都能达到同样的健康好处。与C项“They will provide the same health benefits. (它们将提供同样的健康益处。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选C项。
4. 根据前句“Still, why not get off public transportation a stop early (不过，为什么不早点下车呢？)”可知，这里介绍日常生活中坐公共汽车可以提前一站下车，与A项“Then walk the rest of the way home. (然后剩下的路走回家。)”，上下文一致，符合文意，可以顺接上前文，走路回家，达到步行锻炼的目的。故选A项。
5. 根据下文“Therefore, it is free and well accepted by the majority of people. (因此, 它是免费的, 并为大多数人所接受。)”可知，前后句是因果关系，说明步行免费的原因——不需要特殊的设备，也不需要会员资格。与G项“Walking requires no special equipment, gym membership or training. (步行不需要特殊的设备，健身房会员资格或训练。)”上下文一致，符合文意。故选G项。
二、 进阶练习
Passage 6
（23-24高二下·新疆直辖县级单位·阶段练习）Emotional Eating
Emotional eating is when people use food as a way to deal with feelings instead of satisfying hunger. 1 Have you ever finished a whole bag of chips out of boredom or downed cookie after cookie while preparing for a big test But when done a lot— especially without realizing it — emotional eating can affect weight, health, and overall well-being.
2 One of the biggest myths about emotional eating is that it’s caused by negative feelings. Yes, people often turn to food when they’re stressed out, lonely, sad, anxious, or bored. But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too, like the romance of sharing dessert on Valentine’s Day or the celebration of a holiday feast. Sometimes emotional eating is tied to major life events, like a death or a divorce. 3
Emotional eating patterns can be learned: A child who is given candy after a big achievement may grow up using candy as a reward for a job well done. 4 It’s not easy to “unlearn” patterns of emotional eating. But it is possible. And it starts with an awareness of what’s going on.
We’re all emotional caters to a degree. But for some people emotional eating can be a real problem, causing serious weight gain or other problems. The trouble with emotional eating is that once the pleasure of eating is gone, the feelings that cause it remain. 5 That’s why it helps to know the difference between physical hunger and emotional hunger.
Next time you reach for a snack, wait and think about which type of hunger is driving it.
A．Believe it or not, we’ve all been there.
B．If a crying boy gets some cookies, he may link cookies with comfort.
C．One study found that people who eat food like pizza become happy afterwards.
D．And you often may feel worse about eating the amount or type of food you like.
E．Understanding what drives emotional eating can help people take steps to change it.
F．Boys seem to prefer hot, homemade comfort meals, while girls go for chocolate and ice cream.
G．More often, though, it’s the countless little daily stresses that cause someone to seek comfort in food.
【答案】1. A 2. E 3. G 4. B 5. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了情绪化进食的概念及其影响，并探讨了其背后的原因及应对方法。
1. 根据上文“Emotional eating is when people use food as a way to deal with feelings instead of satisfying hunger.(情绪化进食是指人们用食物来处理情绪，而不是满足饥饿感)”可知，上文介绍了什么是情绪化进食。根据下文“Have you ever finished a whole bag of chips out of boredom or downed cookie after cookie while preparing for a big test (你有没有因为无聊而吃完一整袋薯片，或者在准备大考的时候一块接一块地吃掉曲奇饼干？)”可知，下文介绍了我们生活中情绪化进食的例子，空处应引出情绪化进食的例子。A项“信不信由你，我们都经历过情绪化进食。”能够承接上文并引出下文，符合语境。故选A。
2. 根据下文“One of the biggest myths about emotional eating is that it’s caused by negative feelings.(关于情绪化进食的最大误区之一是它是由消极情绪引起的)”和“But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too, like the romance of sharing dessert on Valentine’s Day or the celebration of a holiday feast.(但是情绪化进食也可以与积极的情绪联系在一起，比如在情人节分享甜点的浪漫或庆祝节日的盛宴)可知，下文主要介绍的是引起情绪化进食的原因，空处应引出其原因，E项“理解导致情感进食的原因可以帮助人们采取措施来改变它。”能够引出下文引起情绪化进食的原因，符合语境。故选E。
3. 根据上文“But emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too, like the romance of sharing dessert on Valentine’s Day or the celebration of a holiday feast. Sometimes emotional eating is tied to major life events, like a death or a divorce.(但是情绪化进食也可以与积极的情绪联系在一起，比如在情人节分享甜点的浪漫或庆祝节日的盛宴。有时，情绪化进食与重大生活事件有关，如死亡或离婚)”可知，上文主要介绍的是引起情绪化进食的原因，空处应承接上文，陈述情绪化进食的其他原因，G项“然而，更多的时候，是每天无数的小压力导致人们在食物中寻求安慰。”能够承接上文，介绍的也是情绪化进食的原因，符合语境。故选G。
4. 根据上文“Emotional eating patterns can be learned: A child who is given candy after a big achievement may grow up using candy as a reward for a job well done.(情绪化的饮食模式是可以了解的：一个孩子在取得巨大成就后得到糖果，他长大后可能会用糖果作为完成工作的奖励)可知，上文介绍的是饮食和情绪之间的联系的例子，空处应继续举例说明情绪化进食的学习过程，由此可知，B项“如果一个哭泣的男孩得到一些饼干，他可能会把饼干和安慰联系起来。”能够承接上文，介绍的是饮食和情绪之间的联系的另一个例子，符合语境。故选B。
5. 根据上文“The trouble with emotional eating is that once the pleasure of eating is gone, the feelings that cause it remain.(情绪化进食的问题在于，一旦进食的乐趣消失，导致进食的感觉依然存在)”可知，进食结束后，消极情绪依然存在，空处应承接上文，描述情绪化进食的后果。由此可知，D项“而且你经常会因为你吃的你喜欢的食物的数量或种类而感觉更糟。”进一步介绍了情绪化进食的问题，进食结束后，不仅消极情绪依然存在，甚至会因为自己吃了过多的食物而感觉更糟，符合语境。故选D。
Passage 7
（23-24高二下·宁夏石嘴山·期末）How to age gracefully
As we age, it is natural to experience changes in our bodies and minds. 1 . By taking care of our bodies and minds, we can age gracefully and enjoy good health and happiness. Here are some tips for aging in a healthy and graceful way!
Prioritize (给……优先权) self-care
To start with, it’s vital that you put yourself and self-care first! This is important at any stage of life. And you will thank yourself later for starting early. Practicing self-care can look different for everyone. 2 . Self care can take the form of doing regular exercise, getting plenty of sleep or simply taking time for yourself.
Stay active
Regular exercise is important in maintaining good health, physically and mentally. While important throughout our lives, it can be easy as we age to want to stop exercising. 3 . As long as you are getting your body moving, you’ll be helping yourself out.
Connect and socialize
4 . We must remember that maintaining social connections is crucial for our mental and physical health. You can consider joining a club or sports team to make friends. You never know who you will meet and may find some new like-minded people.
Embrace your age
Instead of fighting the natural changes that come with getting older, embrace your age and all that comes with it. 5 . And don’t be afraid to try new things or take risks. It’s totally fine to try to keep your skin looking healthy. But remember, everyone gets older!
A．Just make sure you are doing things you enjoy.
B．Remember, this is the time that you should take exercise.
C．Celebrate the wisdom and experience that you have gained.
D．Enough sleep is essential for overall health and well-being.
E．However, aging doesn’t have to mean a decline in health or energy.
F．It’s never too late to invest more time in your health and well being.
G．As we get older, it gets easier to separate ourselves from others and stay indoors.
【答案】1. E 2. A 3. B 4. G 5. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了如何优雅地老去，即随着年龄的增长，如何保持身心健康和幸福感。
1. 根据空前内容“As we age, it is natural to experience changes in our bodies and minds.(随着年龄的增长，身体和思想的变化是很自然的。)”可知，随着年龄的增长，一个人的身体和思想都会发生变化。选项E“However, aging doesn’t have to mean a decline in health or energy.(然而，衰老并不一定意味着健康或精力的下降。)”与上文内容形成转折，同时引出下文“By taking care of our bodies and minds, we can age gracefully and enjoy good health and happiness.(通过照顾好我们的身体和心灵，我们可以优雅地老去，享受健康和幸福。)”，指出如果我们能够照顾好自己的身心，我们就可以优雅地老去。故选E。
2. 根据空前内容“Practicing self-care can look different for everyone.(每个人的自我护理实践都不一样。)”可知，适合每个人的自我护理不尽相同。选项A“Just make sure you are doing things you enjoy.(只要确保你在做你喜欢的事情。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指的是每个人的自我护理方法不尽相同，我们只需要做自己喜欢的事情。故选A。
3. 根据空前内容“While important throughout our lives, it can be easy as we age to want to stop exercising.(虽然锻炼在我们的生活中很重要，但随着年龄的增长，我们很容易想要停止锻炼。)”可知，锻炼很重要，但是随着年龄的增长，我们会想要放弃锻炼。选项B“Remember, this is the time that you should take exercise.(记住，这是你应该锻炼的时间。)”承接上文内容，指出，虽然我们总是轻易地想要放弃锻炼，但是我们应该记住，这是我们应该锻炼的时间。故选B。
4. 根据空后内容“We must remember that maintaining social connections is crucial for our mental and physical health.(我们必须记住，保持社会关系对我们的身心健康至关重要。)”可知，下文指出我们需要保持社会关系。选项G“As we get older, it gets easier to separate ourselves from others and stay indoors.(随着年龄的增长，我们越来越容易把自己和别人分开，呆在家里。)”指出，随着年龄的增长，我们更加愿意待在家中，但是我们必须记住，保持社会关系对我们的身心健康至关重要。故选G。
5. 根据空前内容“Instead of fighting the natural changes that come with getting older, embrace your age and all that comes with it.(与其与年龄增长带来的自然变化作斗争，不如欣然接受你的年龄和随之而来的一切。)”可知，当我们年龄增长的时候，我们应该接受随之到来的一切。选项C“Celebrate the wisdom and experience that you have gained.(庆祝你获得的智慧和经验。)”是上文内容的延续，指出当我们年龄增长的时候，我们可以庆祝所获得的智慧和经验。故选C。
Passage 8
（23-24高二下·山东日照·期末）Fating junk food can have a significant impact on one's health. Though many people enjoy eating junk food and think it tastes great, the health consequences can be serious, and can range from everything to low energy levels to weight gain and illness. 1 But it typically refers to foods that are relatively high in caloric content, but low in nutritional value.
Junk food is often high in sugar, salt, white flour, and fat 2 A few examples of foods often considered to be junk food include fast food, sweets such as ice cream. candy, donuts, and prepackaged treats, soda, and potato chips, among many others. Most people have no trouble identifying junk food; it is when they want to stop eating junk food that the-trouble starts.
3 Many people skip breakfast or other meals throughout the day, choosing instead to grab a quick snack or a soft drink. The junk food causes energy levels to increase, which people like, but then energy levels will quickly drop sharply, sending one back into the kitchen for another quick snack.
Another one of the most obvious effects from eating junk food is weight gain. People who cat a lot of junk food tend to gain weight quickly, which can lead to obesity over time 4 It can raise cholesterol(胆固醇) and blood pressure, contributing to heart disease. In addition, eating junk food can cause one to develop insulin resistance, which is one of the risk factors for diabetes.
When the body does not get proper nutrition. it can become difficult to concentrate. 5 Keep all of these unhealth effects of junk food in mind before eating anything; a healthy diet can lead to greater energy levels, improved mood and concentration ability, weight loss, and decreased risk factors for heart disease and. diabetes. Though junk food may be easy and fast, its health impacts are too great to ignore.
A．It can also cause depression.
B．This is a particular concern in children.
C．In addition, junk food can cause moodiness.
D．It is often heavily processed and prepackaged.
E．The term “junk food” includes a fairly broad category of food
F．The first effect of eating junk food is its impact on energy levels.
G．This extra weight then has an impact on the health of the rest of the body.
【答案】1. E 2. D 3. F 4. G 5. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了垃圾食品对健康的影响，包括能量水平的变化、体重增加、心脏病风险增加、胰岛素抵抗以及情绪波动等问题。
1. 根据上文“Though many people enjoy eating junk food and think it tastes great, the health consequences can be serious, and can range from everything to low energy levels to weight gain and illness.(尽管许多人喜欢吃垃圾食品，认为它味道很好，但其对健康的影响可能是严重的，从低能量水平到体重增加和疾病等)”可知，此处需要进一步解释“垃圾食品”的定义，与E项“the term “junk food” includes a fairly broad category of food(“垃圾食品”这个词包括相当广泛的食物类别)”表达的意思一致，故选E项。
2. 根据上文“Junk food is often high in sugar, salt, white flour, and fat(垃圾食品通常含有高糖分、高盐分、白面粉和高脂肪)”可知，此处需要说明垃圾食品的特点，与D项“It is often heavily processed and prepackaged.(它通常是经过深度加工和预包装的)”表达的意思一致，故选D项。
3. 根据下文“Many people skip breakfast or other meals throughout the day, choosing instead to grab a quick snack or a soft drink. The junk food causes energy levels to increase, which people like, but then energy levels will quickly drop sharply, sending one back into the kitchen for another quick snack.(许多人跳过早餐或一天中的其他餐点，选择抓一个快餐或软饮料。垃圾食品会导致能量水平上升，人们喜欢这样，但随后能量水平会急剧下降，让人回到厨房再吃一个快餐)”可知，此处需要说明吃垃圾食品的第一个影响是对能量水平的影响，与F项“The first effect of eating junk food is its impact on energy levels.(吃垃圾食品的第一个影响是对能量水平的影响)”表达的意思一致，故选F项。
4. 根据上文“People who eat a lot of junk food tend to gain weight quickly, which can lead to obesity over time(吃很多垃圾食品的人往往体重增加很快，这可能导致随着时间的推移而肥胖)”可知，此处需要说明额外的体重对身体其他部位健康的影响，与G项“This extra weight then has an impact on the health of the rest of the body.(这个额外的体重然后对身体其他部位的健康产生影响)”表达的意思一致，故选G项。
5. 根据上文“When the body does not get proper nutrition, it can become difficult to concentrate.(当身体没有得到适当的营养时，集中注意力会变得困难)”以及下文“Keep all of these unhealth effects of junk food in mind before eating anything(在吃任何食物前，请牢记垃圾食品的所有不健康影响)”可知，空白处说的是垃圾食品的另一种对身体的不健康的影响，与C项“In addition, junk food can cause moodiness.(此外，垃圾食品可能导致情绪波动)”表达的意思一致，故选C项。
Passage 9
（23-24高二下·贵州黔东南·期末）Research shows that when people do not get enough sleep, they have slower response times, worse decision-making, difficulty paying attention, and poorer memory. 1 . In the brain, these changes show up as less activity in the prefrontal cortex (前额叶皮质), which is in charge of planning and decision-making.
To reduce these effects and save your day after a bad night’s sleep, experts recommend taking a nap (打盹). 2 . It can also improve your performance on many tasks that are affected by lack of sleep. To avoid the sleepiness some people feel after napping, try to keep your nap to 30 minutes.
3 . However, don’t drink too much, as it can cause nervousness and make your heart beat faster. Regular exercise has been shown to help with the health problems caused by lack of sleep over time. There is also proof that it helps you perform better right after a bad night of sleep.
While these methods can help, they won’t completely offset (抵消) the effects of sleep loss. 4 You could schedule your day around your body clock and, if possible, avoid having any important or heavy conversations, since lack of sleep can make you more bad-tempered and emotionally reactive.
In addition to these methods, it’s important to practise good sleep habits regularly to prevent sleep deprivation in the first place. This includes maintaining a consistent sleep schedule, creating a restful environment, and avoiding stimulants like caffeine close to bedtime. By prioritizing sleep and taking steps to manage the effects of a bad night’s sleep, you can maintain better overall health and productivity. Remember, sleep is a crucial part of your well-being. 5 .
A．Napping can help you feel less tired
B．Tea and coffee can make you stay awake
C．People are also more likely to feel depressed
D．The following methods can help you behave well
E．Coffee can also help you stay awake and think better
F．If possible, adjust your day to avoid serious mistakes
G．Taking it seriously can greatly improve your daily life
【答案】1. C 2. A 3. E 4. F 5. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在睡眠不足的情况下，如何通过一些方法来减少对日常生活的影响。
1. 根据上文“Research shows that when people do not get enough sleep, they have slower response times, worse decision-making, difficulty paying attention, and poorer memory. (研究表明，当人们睡眠不足时，他们的反应时间会变慢、决策能力更差、注意力不集中、记忆力更差。)”可知，睡眠不足对生活有很多的影响，下文将进一步说明其他影响，与C项“People are also more likely to feel depressed (人们也更容易感到沮丧)”上下文一致，符合文意。故选C项。
2. 根据上文“To reduce these effects and save your day after a bad night’s sleep, experts recommend taking a nap (打盹). (为了减少这些影响并在一夜睡眠不佳后挽救您的一天，专家建议小睡一会儿。)”可知，下文将介绍打盹的好处，与A项“Napping can help you feel less tired (午睡可以帮助你减轻疲劳)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选A项。
3. 根据下文“However, don’t drink too much, as it can cause nervousness and make your heart beat faster. (但是，不要喝太多，因为它会引起紧张并使你的心跳加快。)”可知，空处介绍的是某种可以保持清醒的东西，与E项“Coffee can also help you stay awake and think better (咖啡还可以帮助你保持清醒和更好地思考)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选E项。
4. 根据下文“You could schedule your day around your body clock and, if possible, avoid having any important or heavy conversations, since lack of sleep can make you more bad-tempered and emotionally reactive. (你可以根据你的生物钟来安排你的一天，如果可能的话，避免进行任何重要或繁重的对话，因为睡眠不足会让你脾气更暴躁和情绪反应。)”可知，本段主要讲述了要调整自己的生物钟，避免不好的事情发生，与F项“If possible, adjust your day to avoid serious mistakes (如果可能的话，调整你的一天以避免严重的错误)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选F项。
5. 根据上文“Remember, sleep is a crucial part of your well-being. (请记住，睡眠是你健康的重要组成部分。)”可知，良好睡眠习惯的重要性，重视睡眠会对日常生活产生积极的影响，与G项“Taking it seriously can greatly improve your daily life (认真对待它可以大大改善你的日常生活)”上下文一致，符合文意。故选G项。
Passage 10
（23-24高二下·安徽马鞍山·期末）Do you spend too many nights trying to fall asleep You are not alone. Some of the major causes are stress, anxiety, and a culture that experts say is about productivity, not rest. But don’t worry. 1 .
Watch what you eat
Eating a large meal right before bedtime can also hurt your sleep. 2 Try small amounts of food with protein or healthy fats, like cheese, almonds or peanut butter on whole grain bread.
Avoid alcohol and caffeine
Experts suggest finishing up your alcoholic or caffeinated drinks many hours before bed. 3 , it can also hurt your sleep cycle. As a result, the quality of sleep declines. The chances that you will wake up more often in the middle of the night increase.
4 .
Light from phone s and computer screens can disturb the internal clock that naturally wakes us up. You will need self-control to stop looking at screens. TikTok doesn’t want you to stop. Only you can stop you, so you have to learn to put that thing away.
See your doctor
5 , if you are still having a hard time getting a good night’s sleep after more than one month of trying. This is especially true if your sleepless nights are hurting your work performance or your mood.
A．Get rid of phones
B．Limit screen time
C．If you find it easy to fall asleep
D．Here are some simple suggestions
E．But do not go to bed very hungry, either
F．It is time to have a medical appointment
G．While alcohol can help you fall asleep at first
【答案】1. D 2. E 3. G 4. B 5. F
【导语】本文体裁为说明文，主要针对失眠和睡眠问题提出了若干实用的改善建议，包括饮食调整、限制晚间屏幕时间、注意酒精和咖啡因的摄入，以及在必要时寻求医疗帮助。
1. 根据上文“Do you spend too many nights trying to fall asleep You are not alone. Some of the major causes are stress, anxiety, and a culture that experts say is about productivity, not rest. But don’t worry. (你是否花了太多的夜晚试图入睡？你并不孤单。一些主要原因是压力、焦虑，以及专家所说的注重效率而不是休息的文化。不过别担心。)”可知，文章首句提出了普遍存在的入睡困难问题，并安慰读者不必担心，接下来应该是要给出一些建议。D选项“Here are some simple suggestions (以下是一些简单的建议)”承接上文，引出下文的具体建议，符合逻辑。故选D。
2. 根据上文“Eating a large meal right before bedtime can also hurt your sleep. (睡前吃大餐也会影响你的睡眠。)”和下文“Try small amounts of food with protein or healthy fats(尝试少量含有蛋白质或健康脂肪的食物)”可知，睡前吃大餐会影响睡眠，接下来的建议应该是关于饮食的调整。E选项“But do not go to bed very hungry, either(但也不要饿着肚子睡觉)”是对饮食建议的补充，告诫不要走向另一个极端，承接上文，符合语境。故选E。
3. 根据本段小标题“Avoid alcohol and caffeine(避免酒精和咖啡因)”和上文“Experts suggest finishing up your alcoholic or caffeinated drinks many hours before bed.(专家建议在睡前数小时内喝完含酒精或咖啡因的饮料。)”和下文的“it can also hurt your sleep cycle. As a result, the quality of sleep declines. (它还会影响你的睡眠周期。)”可知，本段讲述避免酒精和咖啡因的摄入，特别是与睡眠周期的关系。G选项“While alcohol can help you fall asleep at first(虽然酒精一开始可以帮助你入睡)”既提到了酒精对初始睡眠的影响，同时也为下文转折“它也会损害你的睡眠周期”做好铺垫，能承上启下，符合题意。故选G。
4. 根据下文的“Light from phone s and computer screens can disturb the internal clock that naturally wakes us up. You will need self-control to stop looking at screens. TikTok doesn’t want you to stop. Only you can stop you, so you have to learn to put that thing away.(手机和电脑屏幕发出的光线会扰乱我们自然醒来的生物钟。你需要自我控制才能停止看屏幕。TikTok不希望你停下来。只有你能阻止你自己，所以你得学会把那东西收起来。)”可知，本段与手机和电脑屏幕光对内部生物钟的干扰有关，B选项“Limit screen time(限制屏幕时间)”直接指出了应对措施，适合作为该部分的标题。故选B。
5. 根据本段小标题“See your doctor(看医生)”和下文的“if you are still having a hard time getting a good night’s sleep after more than one month of trying. This is especially true if your sleepless nights are hurting your work performance or your mood.(如果你在尝试了一个多月后仍然很难睡个好觉。如果你的不眠之夜影响了你的工作表现或情绪，这一点尤其正确。)”可知，本空应给出尝试了一个多月仍然无法改善睡眠质量的解决方案。F选项“It is time to have a medical appointment(是时候预约看医生了)”能引起下文，并和小标题一致，符合语境。故选F。
三、 高阶提升
Passage 11
（23-24高二下·广东·期末）As is the case with many of life’s blessings, our visual acuity is often regarded with a sense of complacency until it commences to present us with challenges. It is only when we encounter impediments in perusing the daily publications and begin to suffer from cephalalgias that we start to question the prudence of our nocturnal vigils spent before the luminous screens of our computers. 1
Eat well. What you eat has a great impact on your eyes. You’d better have a balanced diet, which includes plenty of fish and leafy green vegetables, fruits, nuts, and eggs. These contain nutrients such as vitamins C and E. 2 A healthy diet also helps prevent obesity and diabetes, which may affect your eye health badly.
Take care of our glasses. If you have been donning ocular appliances since your formative years, it is likely that you received instruction on their proper maintenance. However, as time has passed, you may have become somewhat remiss and have ceased to diligently adhere to the practices of preserving the condition and functionality of your spectacles. 3 Employ a delicate, cottonen textile to meticulously cleanse the ocular lenses on a daily basis, ensuring the removal of any surface debris and smudges. Additionally, it is prudent to submerge the spectacles in a tepid aqueous solution infused with a mild detergent biweekly to eliminate microbial colonies that may have accumulated. When placing them in repose, ensure that the lenses are oriented skyward to prevent any inadvertent compression that could lead to deformation or scratching. Consistently repose them within a robust protective enclosure during periods of disuse to shield them from potential damage.
4 You already know this one, but it bears repeating — stop staring at your computer screen or TV all the time. You need to take short breaks every half an hour, just a minute of looking away, or closing your eyes.
Wear sunglasses. Sunglasses can make you look pretty cool. 5 Find sunglasses that are stylish and comfortable and keep them close by at all time during summer.
A．And that’s a mistake.
B．Don’t overuse your eyes.
C．They are essential for eye health.
D．Have your eyes checked regularly.
E．Wearing fancy sunglasses is thought to be a good choice.
F．They can also protect your eyes from the glare of the sun.
G．Follow the following suggestions to keep your eyes healthy.
【答案】1. G 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲如何保护我们的眼睛。
1. 根据第一段中的句子“As is the case with many of life’s blessings, our visual acuity is often regarded with a sense of complacency until it commences to present us with challenges. It is only when we encounter impediments in perusing the daily publications and begin to suffer from cephalalgias that we start to question the prudence of our nocturnal vigils spent before the luminous screens of our computers.(就像生活中的许多祝福一样，我们的视觉敏锐度往往被视为一种自满的感觉，直到它开始给我们带来挑战。只有当我们在阅读每日出版物时遇到障碍并开始患有头痛时，我们才开始质疑在电脑发光屏幕前进行夜间守夜的谨慎性。)”可知，这里讲只有我们眼睛出问题时我们才注重眼睛健康。而G项Follow the following suggestions to keep your eyes healthy.(遵循以下建议以保持眼睛健康。)符合语境，其中eyes healthy与上文 suffer from cephalalgias对应，且the following suggestions有启下作用。故选G项。
2. 由上文“What you eat has a great impact on your eyes. You’d better have a balanced diet, which includes plenty of fish and leafy green vegetables, fruits, nuts, and eggs. These contain nutrients such as vitamins C and E. (你吃的东西对你的眼睛有很大的影响。你最好均衡饮食，包括大量的鱼和绿叶蔬菜、水果、坚果和鸡蛋。这些含有维生素C和E等营养素。)”可知，这里讲食物中含有维生素C和E等营养素的作用。而C项They are essential for eye health.(它们对眼睛健康至关重要。)符合语境，其中they指代上文nutrients such as vitamins C and E，有承上作用。故选C项。
3. 由上文“If you have been donning ocular appliances since your formative years, it is likely that you received instruction on their proper maintenance. However, as time has passed, you may have become somewhat remiss and have ceased to diligently adhere to the practices of preserving the condition and functionality of your spectacles.(如果你从成长期就开始戴眼镜，那么你很可能已经接受了正确维护眼镜的指导。然而，随着时间的推移，你可能会变得有些疏忽，不再努力遵守保护眼镜状况和功能的做法。)”可知，这里主要讲随着时间的流逝，你可能会有所疏忽对眼睛的保护。而A项And that’s a mistake.(这是一个错误。)符合语境，其中that指代上文忽视对眼睛的保护，有承上作用。故选A项。
4. 由下文“You already know this one, but it bears repeating — stop staring at your computer screen or TV all the time. You need to take short breaks every half an hour, just a minute of looking away, or closing your eyes.(你已经知道这个了，但值得重复一遍——别一直盯着电脑屏幕或电视看。你需要每半小时休息一次，只需看向别处或闭上眼睛一分钟。)”可知，这里主要讲不要过度用眼，要学会休息。而B项Don’t overuse your eyes.(不要过度使用你的眼睛。)符合语境，对下文有总括作用。故选B项。
5. 由上文“Sunglasses can make you look pretty cool.(太阳镜可以让你看起来很酷。)”以及后文提到太阳镜可以保护眼睛免受阳光的眩光可知，这里主要讲使用太阳镜。而F项They can also protect your eyes from the glare of the sun.(它们还可以保护你的眼睛免受阳光的照射。)符合语境，其中they指代上文Sunglasses，有承上作用。故选F项。
Passage 12
（23-24高二下·河南新乡·期末）We’ve all been there — dinner is over, but your stomach (or is it your mind ) is calling you back to the kitchen. Many of us experience the temptation of after-dinner cravings (渴望). 1 . But why do they happen, even if you’ve eaten well all day Let’s unpack the science behind these urges and explore practical solutions to help reduce the likelihood of after-dinner cravings.Identifying triggers (诱因)
After-dinner cravings can stem from psychological needs to genuine hunger. 2 . Meanwhile, if your meals throughout the day lack sufficient protein or calories, your body might be signaling a real need for additional nutrients. It’s essential to distinguish between the two to address them effectively.
3
The size of your meals can significantly influence after-dinner cravings. Not getting enough calories throughout the day, particularly at dinner, can trigger hunger suffering overnight, as your body seeks to fuel itself. Conversely, overeating can lead to uncomfortable fullness and potentially disrupt your metabolism (新陈代谢) and sleep patterns. Finding the right balance is a must.Boosting protein and veggies
Protein boasts a high satiety (饱腹感) index thanks to its ability to trigger the release of appetite-regulating hormones (激素). Vegetables, too, work in promoting satiety. Their high fiber content slows down digestion, and their high water content adds volume to meals without adding significant calories. Include protein and vegetables in your meals. 4 .Engaging in after-dinner movement
5 . It’s not only good for digestion, but helps stabilize blood sugar levels, potentially reducing the sharp rises and drops that can trigger cravings. The act of moving your body can elevate levels of endorphins, hormones known to promote feelings of well-being and potentially reduce cravings.
A．Reshaping your habits
B．Eating properly-portioned meals
C．They can seemingly be at odds with our health goals
D．They’re great combinations to help you keep cravings at bay
E．Light physical activity, like walking, offers a two-fold benefits
F．Including a protein source at each meal, you feel the less urge to snack later on
G．Stress or boredom may trick you into thinking you’re hungry, causing unnecessary snacking
【答案】1. C 2. G 3. B 4. D 5. E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四条抑制餐后食欲的建议。
1. 根据前文“Many of us experience the temptation of after-dinner cravings (渴望). (我们很多人都经历过餐后食欲的诱惑。)”强调我们很多人都经历过餐后食欲的诱惑。C选项“They can seemingly be at odds with our health goals (它们似乎与我们的健康目标不一致)”中的they指代前文的“cravings”，形成呼应，自出这些欲望与健康目标不一致，符合语境，故选C。
2. 根据前文“After-dinner cravings can stem from psychological needs to genuine hunger. (餐后的渴望可能源于真正饥饿的心理需求。)”此处强调餐后的欲望来自于真正的心理需求，后文“心理需求”进行解释。G选项“Stress or boredom may trick you into thinking you’re hungry, causing unnecessary snacking (压力或无聊可能会让你误以为自己饿了，导致你吃不必要的零食)”中的stress和boredom与前文的“心理需求”形成呼应，强调压力或无聊可能会让你误以为自己饿了，导致你吃不必要的零食，符合语境。故选G。
3. 设空处为本段段旨，同时也为本段小标题。根据后文“The size of your meals can significantly influence after-dinner cravings. Not getting enough calories throughout the day, particularly at dinner, can trigger hunger suffering overnight, as your body seeks to fuel itself. (你的饭量会显著影响饭后的渴望。一天中没有摄入足够的卡路里，尤其是在晚餐时，会引发一夜之间的饥饿感，因为你的身体会寻求给自己补充能量。)”可知，本段阐述的是每天要合理的安排和分配膳食。B选项“Eating properly-portioned meals (合理分配膳食)”概括本段主要内容，符合语境。故选B。
4. 根据前文“Include protein and vegetables in your meals. (在你的膳食中加入蛋白质和蔬菜。)”此处强调的是饮食中蛋白质和蔬菜的重要性。D选项“They’re great combinations to help you keep cravings at bay (它们是很好的组合，可以帮助你控制食欲)”中的combinations与前文的“蛋白质和蔬菜”形成呼应，强调二者的组合能够控制食欲，符合语境。故选D。
5. 根据本段段旨“Engaging in after-dinner movement (参加餐后活动)”可知，本段建议餐后参加锻炼运动。E选项“Light physical activity, like walking, offers a two-fold benefits (轻微的身体活动，比如散步，有双重好处)”强调饭后散步以及轻微的身体运动的好处，符合语境。故选E。
Passage 13
（23-24高二下·广东广州·期末）The hot summer sun has many of us heading outdoors to do summer sports. For some, the warm weather makes us feel like kicking a ball around. 1 Whatever your reasons for doing more sport this summer, make sure you’re doing it safely to prevent injuries.
Know your limits
Before following a recipe, you need to check you have all the equipment and ingredients 2 Before getting started, people with health issues should consult a doctor to ensure their fitness for physical activity. Once you do start exercising, it's important to continue to pay attention to your body and its limits.
Ease into it
If you’re unfit, you may wish to consider starting with low intensity exercises such as cycling or swimming to get your body used to moving. You should ease yourself into it. If you normally play soccer twice a week and suddenly you increase to five times per week, you are exhausting your muscles and joints. 3
Do strengthening and conditioning exercises
The most important thing for preventing injuries is actually strengthening and doing conditioning exercises. Running marathons is not about just running. You need to have strong muscles to support your joints. 4 You’ll need to strengthen your legs and core muscles to allow you to go the distance.
5 You can stand on one leg and throw and catch a ball against the wall at home. Standing on one leg will improve your balance and multitasking will improve your coordination (协调性).
A．So, don’t just go out and run.
B．Picking up a new sport is no different.
C．Check your muscles and joints regularly.
D．For others, it’s a good choice to go for a hike.
E．This can increase your chances of getting injured.
F．This will keep your muscles from getting too tight.
G．Balance and coordination are also very important.
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. E 4. A 5. G
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了在运动时防止受伤的一些建议。
1. 上文“For some, the warm weather makes us feel like kicking a ball around.(对一些人来说，温暖的天气让我们想要踢球)”提到，一些人在夏天想踢球，结合空后“Whatever your reasons for doing more sport this summer(无论你在这个夏天做更多运动的原因是什么)”可知，空处应是提及其他人夏天想做的运动，D项“对其他人来说，徒步旅行是一个不错的选择”符合语境，和上文构成“some…others…(一些人……其他人……)”的固定句式，故选D。
2. 根据空后“Before getting started, people with health issues should consult a doctor to ensure their fitness for physical activity.(在开始之前，有健康问题的人应该咨询医生，以确保他们适合体育活动)”可知，在运动之前要做健康检查，C项“定期检查你的肌肉和关节”符合语境，故选C。
3. 上文“If you normally play soccer twice a week and suddenly you increase to five times per week, you are exhausting your muscles and joints.(如果你通常一周踢两次足球，突然增加到每周五次，你的肌肉和关节就会疲惫不堪)”提到，突然增加运动次数会使肌肉和关节就会疲惫不堪，E项“这会增加你受伤的几率”承接上文，进一步说明危害，故选E。
4. 根据上文“Running marathons is not about just running. You need to have strong muscles to support your joints.(跑马拉松不仅仅是跑步。你需要强壮的肌肉来支撑你的关节)”和下文“You’ll need to strengthen your legs and core muscles to allow you to go the distance.(你需要加强你的腿部和核心肌肉，让你完成更长的距离)”可知，跑马拉松不仅仅是跑步，还需要强壮的肌肉，A项“所以，不要只是出去跑步”符合上下文文意，故选A。
5. 根据下文“You can stand on one leg and throw and catch a ball against the wall at home. Standing on one leg will improve your balance and multitasking will improve your coordination (协调性).(在家里，你可以单腿站立，靠墙投球和接球。单腿站立可以提高你的平衡能力，同时处理多项任务可以提高你的协调性)”可知，本段是关于平衡和协调性，G项“平衡和协调性也很重要”符合语境，故选G。
Passage 14
（23-24高二下·广东深圳·期末）As the world’s population increases, so does the need for food, especially from animal sources. This urges us to find sustainable ways to feed billions more people in the future. 1 It has a great impact on our health and environment.
Many people are skeptical about reducing meat consumption, but there are many benefits of adopting plant-based diet. 2 Besides, it produces significantly fewer greenhouse gases and requires less land and water than animals. This helps keep ecological balance and promotes better life quality.
3 This kind of diet is not usually preferred by people who enjoy the taste of animal meat. Just like the resistance some people have towards eating insects, the shift to plant-based diet also requires great changes in how people perceive and enjoy food.
The future of our food supply will depend heavily on our willingness to accept more sustainable eating habits. Options like lab-grown meats are promising. Yet will these food choices become common in our supermarkets 4
How we choose to eat in the coming years will contribute to ensuring a sustainable future for you and me. 5 Hopefully, we can balance our nutritional needs with the planet’s ability to support us, building a harmonious relationship with our environment.
A．Such diet has been tried by many people.
B．It remains to be seen whether we can make it happen.
C．It is more nutritious compared with animal-based food.
D．Much depends on how such restaurants treat customers.
E．However, adapting to plant-based diet can be challenging.
F．Our choices directly impact the ecosystem and social welfare.
G．A practical solution is plant-based diet including fruits, vegetables and nuts.
【答案】1. G 2. C 3. E 4. B 5. F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了随着全球人口增长而增加的对食物的需求，特别是对动物源性食品的需求，以及转向更可持续饮食方式的必要性
1. 根据上文“This urges us to find sustainable ways to feed billions more people in the future. (这促使我们找到可持续的方法，在未来养活数十亿人。)”及下文“It has a great impact on our health and environment. (它对我们的健康和环境有很大的影响。)”可知，空处应为解决方案，与G项“A practical solution is plant-based diet including fruits, vegetables and nuts. (一个实用的解决方案是植物性饮食，包括水果、蔬菜和坚果。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选G项。
2. 根据上文“Many people are skeptical about reducing meat consumption, but there are many benefits of adopting plant-based diet. (许多人对减少肉类消费持怀疑态度，但采用植物性饮食有很多好处。)”可知，空处应为植物性饮食的好处，与C项“It is more nutritious compared with animal-based food. (与动物性食物相比，它更有营养。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选C项。
3. 根据下文“This kind of diet is not usually preferred by people who enjoy the taste of animal meat. (这种饮食通常不是喜欢动物肉味道的人所喜欢的。)”可知，对于动物性食物的人来说，植物性饮食是不容易接受的，与E项“However, adapting to plant-based diet can be challenging. (然而，适应植物性饮食可能具有挑战性。)”上下文一致，符合文意，与下文提到的人们对于改变饮食习惯的抗拒相呼应。故选E项。
4. 根据上文“Yet will these food choices become common in our supermarkets (然而，这些食物选择会在我们的超市变得普遍吗？)”可知，这种食物能否在超市中普及还存在不确定性，这种转变能否实现还有待观察，与B项“It remains to be seen whether we can make it happen. (我们是否能够实现这一目标还有待观察。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选B项。
5. 根据上文“How we choose to eat in the coming years will contribute to ensuring a sustainable future for you and me. (未来几年我们选择如何饮食将有助于确保你我有一个可持续的未来。)”可知，我们的选择对未来很重要，鼓励我们做出有利于环境和社会的选择，与F项“Our choices directly impact the ecosystem and social welfare. (我们的选择直接影响生态系统和社会福利。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选F项。
Passage 15
（23-24高二下·浙江湖州·期末）Some children are more energetic than others. As a mom, I know this first-hand, because my son has always been pretty active, but my daughter is on another level. 1 , I would probably be a millionaire (百万富翁). When she was young, it was even more challenging. That was because if we didn’t fit in enough activities, she would get bad-tempered.
2 Not only do they provide structure, but also they allow children to use their boundless energy in a way that’s healthy for their bodies and minds, You just need to find something that attracts them, so it’s fun and not a bother.
We try several activities until my daughter finds her calling: gymnastics (体操). 3 , she is happier than ever, despite the long hours she spends training and the competition schedule which can be quite intense. I’m not pushing her, but I’m proudly supporting her every step of the way. 4
Here are several lessons I’ve learned that might help you if your kid is a bit too energetic: Accept that your child needs more physical activities than others. Find one sport or activity that he or she enjoys. If possible, find a school that has daily break time or offers regular PE classes. Work out the schedule for after-school activities that will allow your child to let off some steam, but don’t overdo it. 5 . And being overtired can also create problems related to school, sleep or behavior.
A．Kids need time to relax.
B．As I know I have a unique daughter.
C．All
