中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高考英语单词J（原卷版）
目录
高考英语单词J 1
高考英语单词K 10
高考核心词汇与练习 15
jacket [ d k t] n. 夹克
jam [d m] n. 果酱；阻塞 v. （人或车）挤满
【真句】He was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands.【2012陕西阅读】他用手直接从从瓶子里拿果酱吃。
【真句】Traffic jams can cause many serious problems.【2015安徽阅读】交通堵塞可以引起很多问题。
【真句】The streets I used to play in are jammed with cars now.【2015浙江阅读】我以前玩的街道现在挤满了车
jar [d ɑ ] n. 罐子，坛子
jaw [d ] n. 下巴
jazz [d z] n. 爵士音乐
【真句】They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. 【2023新高考1卷】他们演奏爵士乐来庆祝他们的新家。
【真句】After investing more than $1 million in reconstructing the building, we began producing a full season of theater performances, jazz concerts, and year-round arts education programs in 2008. 【2018江苏卷】投资超过100万美元重建该建筑后，我们于2008年开始制作一整季的戏剧表演、爵士音乐会和全年的艺术教育节目。
jeans [d i ns] n. 牛仔裤
jeep [d i p] n. 吉普车
【真句】I was on the side of the road for close to three hours with my big Jeep.【2021.1八省联考】我和我的大吉普车在路边呆了将近三个小时。
【真句】He conveyed through her that he had a jack but that it was too small for the Jeep, so we would need something to support it. 【2021.1八省联考】他通过她说，他有一个千斤顶，但对吉普车来说太小了，所以我们需要一些东西来支撑它。
jet [d et] n. 喷气式飞机
【真句】 Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet.【2016北京卷】喷气式飞机和大型卡车目前还不存在。
jewel [ d u l] n. 宝石
【真句】Now it’s up to Blu and Jewel to escape the criminals. 现在要靠蓝光和珠宝来逃脱罪犯了。
jewelry [ d u lr ] n. （总称）珠宝
jewellery , jewel, jewels的辨析
jewellery [ d u lr ] n. 首饰（不可数名词）
【真句】Father borrowed money form his rich cousins to start a small jewellery shop.【2015陕西阅读】爸爸从他富裕的堂弟借钱开珠宝店
jewel [ d u l] n. 宝石(可数名词)
job [d b] 职业；工作（可数）
注意：job作为“工作”是可数名词；work作为“工作”是不可数名词
【真句】My colleague refuse to accept it, saying that we were all just do our job. 【2021.6全国乙卷】我的同事拒绝接受，他说我们都只是在做我们的工作。
【真句】How did the summer job benefit the author 【2022年6月浙江卷】暑期工作对作者有什么好处？
jog [d ɡ] n. v. 慢跑
【真句】Secondly, I got no enjoyment out of jogging.【2013浙江阅读】慢跑让我得不到任何快乐。
join与join in的区别
1) join指加入某个党派，团体组织等，成为其成员之一
【真句】Their faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair（绝望）and need that I joined this project without hesitation. 【2021年6月北京卷】他们的脸是如此有力地传达了他们绝望的信息并需要我毫不犹豫地加入这个项目。
【真句】How did the author feel about joining the OIC project in the beginning 【2021年6月北京卷】作者最初对加入OIC项目有何感受？
When did your brother join the army 你哥哥什么时候参军的？
She joined the Young Pioneers. 她加入了少先队。
2) 和某人一道做某事，其结构为：join sb. in (doing) sth，根据上下文，in (doing) sth也可以省去,如：
Will you join us in the discussion 你参加我们的讨论吗？
He'll join us in singing the song. 他将和我们一道唱歌。
We're going to the East Lake Park on Sunday. Will you join us 我们打算星期天去东湖公园。你跟我们一道去好吗？
3) join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。如：
①Come along, and join in the ball game. 快，来参加球赛。
②Why didn't you join in the talk last night 昨晚你为什么没参加座谈？
含有“参加”之意的词或短语：take part in, participate in
joke [d k] n. 玩笑，笑话 ；v. 开玩笑,说笑话
【真句】Humor includes a lot more than laughing and joke telling.【2015陕西阅读】幽默不仅仅包括笑和说笑话。
用法：play a joke on sb=play jokes on开某人的玩笑
His friends played a joke on him.【2013江西阅读】他的朋友开他的玩笑。
make a joke (out) of sth 拿……开玩笑
【真句】You may have made a joke out of your rude statement.【2014江苏任务型读写】你也许拿粗鲁的陈述开玩笑。
journal [ d :nl] n. 刊物，日志
【真句】In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.”【2023新高考1卷】在日记或纸上，以“个人优势”为标题。
【真句】According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. 【2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷(山东卷）】根据《消费者研究杂志》最近的一项研究，我们同伴的体型和消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量。
【真句】Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. 【2020全国Ⅰ卷】在日记的一页上看到你的优势和成就。
【真句】During a service experience, students must keep a journal and then write a report about what they have learned.【2014江苏完形】在服务期间，学生必须写日志之后再写一篇他们所学的东西的报道。
journalist [ d n l st] n. 新闻记者，新闻工作者
【真句】They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. 【2023高考2卷】他们还需要准备好接受国际记者的英语采访。
【真句】We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools.【2022新高考2卷】我们这些记者生活在一个讲故事的新时代，他们有许多新的多媒体工具。
【真句】As quantum computing attracts more attention and funding, researchers may mislead investors, journalists, the public and, worst of all, themselves about their work’s potential.【2022.6北京卷】随着量子计算吸引更多的关注和资金，研究人员可能会就他们的工作潜力误导投资者、记者、公众，最糟糕的是，还会误导他们自己。
【真句】So far the well-known journalist has accumulated more than 4,000 interviews with famous people. 【2014湖北】到目前为止，这位著名记者已经累计采访了4000多位名人。
journey voyage trip travel tour的区别
journey指从一地到另一地，通常指陆地上的远距离“旅行”，有时也可以表示经常走的或长或短的“路程”，只作名词。
I took a journey from Beijing to Shanghai last year. 去年，我从北京到上海去旅游了。
-- How long is your journey to school 你的路程有多长？
--Only about 10 minutes. 只有10分钟
voyage主要指远距离的水上旅行，也可以指空中旅行意思为“航海、航空、航行”等。只作名词。例如：
She usually gets seasick during the voyage. 在海上旅行我感到晕。
They made a voyage across the Pacific by air. 他飞过太平洋。
trip常指短距离的,直达目的地的旅行,在日常用语中,trip可与journey通用.
I am going on a trip to the seaside during the summer holidays.暑假期间我将去海边旅行.
He went on a trip/ journey to Paris.他到巴黎旅行去了.
tour“旅行,周游,观光”,主要目的地是游览或视察,距离可长可短,常带有“最后回到出发地”的含义.
He is making a tour of the world.他周游世界去了.
They spent two months on a tour through most of the countries of Europe.他们用了两个月的时间去旅行,游历了欧洲的大部分国家。
travel作“旅行、游历”解，一般表示从一地到另一地旅行这一总的概念。常指长时间、远距离的“旅行”，尤指出国旅行。可作动词和名词。travel作名词是不可数名词；若使用复数形式则用短语：on one’s travels
At present, many people are fond of travel in their spare time. 现在许多人喜欢在空闲的时候旅行。
I am reading a book about the travel to North Pole. 我正在阅读一本关于去北极旅行的书。
We met some interesting people on our travels to America. 在去美国的旅途中，我们遇到了一些有趣的人。
joy [d ] n. 高兴；乐趣
【真句】I shared my joy with that year's class. 【2020海南】我和那一年的同学分享了我的喜悦。
【真句】In conversation he expressed little joy.【2012四川阅读】在谈话中，他表达了他的快乐。
【真句】It is often said that the joy of traveling is not in arriving at your destination but in the journey itself. 【真句】【2013江苏】人们经常说旅途的乐趣不在于目的地而在于旅途本身。
joy的两个形容词形式：joyous和joyful
joyous [ d s] adj. 令人愉快的（只能形容物）
【真句】My entire experience was joyous and exciting.【2013浙江完形】我的整个经历是令人愉快和令人激动的。
joyful [ d fl] adj. 愉快的，令人愉快的（既可以形容人又可以形容物）
【真句】It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. 【2023北京卷】在美国，当学生和他们的家人决定去哪里上大学的时候，这是一个快乐和充满压力的时刻。
【真句】He was obviously joyful just to be in the game and on the field.【2015江苏阅读】只要能够上场他就非常高兴。
judge [d d ] n. 法官；裁判，评委 v. 判断，评价；（比赛）评判
【真句】Judge Richard Hone said “You have neither regret, nor shame, nor any sense of guilt.” 【2013四川阅读】法官Richard Hone说：“你既不感到后悔也不感到羞耻也没有什么愧疚感。
【真句】The judges gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really worried.【2013上海阅读】
评委没有给出他们想法的暗示，所以我离开的时候非常担心。
【真句】As a result, they judge the disabled with one glance.【2019.3天津】因此，他们一眼就能判断残疾人。
【真句】people should not judge things by their appearance.【2013湖南阅读】人们不应该通过外表来评价某物。
judge作动词时的名词形式为judgment ['d d m nt] 判断，评价
【真句】Whatever the judgment of cyber schools, they are getting more and more popular.【2015辽宁阅读】不管人们对网校的评价如何，它们都变得越来越流行。
juice [d u s] n. 汁，（水果或蔬菜汁）饮料
juice的形容词形式：juicy [d u s ] adj. 多汁的
jump [d mp] v. n 跳；增加
jungle [ d ɡl] n. 丛林
【真句】He also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains.【2012上海阅读】他不得不走出沙漠、穿越丛林以及翻越大山。
junior [ d u n ] adj. （职位，级别）低级的；低年级的； n. 低职位人员；低年级学生
This is a junior school. You should go to a senior school for girls of your age.【2012北京】这是低年级学校，你应该去你这个年纪的高年级学校。
It is easy to think that a junior team member may have less to contribute than more experienced ones.【2015浙江阅读】人们很容易认为低等级的成员的贡献没有有经验的成员贡献高。
junior的反义词：senior adj.（职位，级别）高级的；高年级的n.高职位人员；高年级学生；高年级学生
junk [d k] n. 废品，垃圾
junk mail [d k me l] 垃圾邮件
junk food [d k fu d] 垃圾食品
just [d st] adv. 仅仅，就是；刚刚 adj. 公平的
【真句】"It's supposed to stink. Just give it a try!" my grandmother said.【2019.3天津】“它应该很臭。试试吧！”我奶奶说。
【真句】But I’m just not creative.【2016全国二阅读】但是，我就是没有创造力
【真句】We’ve just finished reading.【2014上海填词】我们刚刚读完了。
not just 不仅仅
【真句】But not just any kids. 【2019全国2.】但不仅仅是任何孩子。
【真句】That Kart wasn’t just trying to make a rule, he was offering a way for us to change our lives and achieve our dream.【2016江苏完形】Kart不仅仅努力制定规则，他也给我们提供了一个改变生活和实现梦想的方式。
not only/just/merely…but (also) … 不但……而且……
【真句】Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, you'll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. 【2019北京卷】你不仅将帮助我们的年轻志愿者个人发展，还将学习新技能，提高文化意识。
【真句】It is not just the availability of the goods that is the problem, but the speed with which new types of products come on the market.【2013重庆】不仅产品的获取是一个问题，产品入市的速度也是一个问题。
just作形容词时的名词形式为：justice司法；正义；公正
【真句】He wrote plays on themes of race, equality and social justice.【2012山东阅读】他的戏剧以公平、平等、社会正义为主题。
高考英语单词K
kangaroo [k ɡ ru ] n. 袋鼠
kettle [ ketl] n. 水壶
keen [ki n] adj.强烈的，渴望的
【真句】Her keen interest in writing.【2021年6月天津卷】她对写作有浓厚的兴趣。
短语：be keen on 喜欢
【真句】Reading for fun matters because children who are keen on reading can expect lifelong pleasure. 【2012山东阅读】趣味阅读很重要，因为喜欢读书的儿童可以获得终生的乐趣。
keep [ki p] v. 保持；保留，留着；存储；饲养
【真句】To make it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.【2016北京】为了使与我们更容易取得联系，你最好保持这张卡片在手边。
【真句】You can keep a book for ever and read it many times.【2013安徽阅读】你可以存一本书并且读很多次
【真句】People who used horses to pull heavy loads would have chosen to keep stronger animals.【2013北京阅读】用马来拉重物的人会选择饲养更强壮的动物。
短语：keep doing sth 不停做某事
【真句】We keep putting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult.【2016天津阅读】我们不停地保持推迟任务因为它要么太无聊要么太难。
keep/prevent/stop …from doing sth 阻止……做某事
【真句】Keep cattle from being stolen.【2021年6月新高考二卷】防止牛被偷走。
【真句】Research shows that eating breakfast keeps you from overeating later in the day.【2014全国二阅读】研究显示早上吃早饭可以阻止你你在一天之后的时间里多吃。
keep on doing 继续做某事
【真句】With high motivation and enthusiasm, we can keep on learning.【2019.6天津】有了高度的动力和热情，我们能够继续进行学习。
【真句】Jane plans to keep on facing attacks on her.【2015四川阅读】Jane计划继续面对对她的攻击。
keep up 继续，保持
【真句】In fact, progress has allowed tradition to keep up.【2014江西阅读】事实上进步可以让传统继续下去。
keep up with 跟上，与……同步
【真句】I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students.【2015北京阅读】我热爱科技并且努力与新科技保持同步这样我就可以理解我的学生
keep away 远离
【真句】Why does the man say that he should keep away from babies 【2015全国一】为什么那个男人说他应该远离婴儿
key [ki ] adj. 关键的 n. 钥匙；按键；
【真句】A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of healthy information.【2014北京阅读】提高你的评价能力的关键一步是仔细观看你的健康信息的来源。
【真句】It suddenly occurred to him that he had left his keys in the office.【2014全国一】她突然想起来把钥匙放在办公室了。
短语：the key (to)……的关键
【真句】Helping others sincerely is the key to business success.【2014浙江阅读】真诚的帮助他人是公司成功的关键。
keyboard [ki b d] n. 键盘
【真句】This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence（节奏）with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key.【2019全国1.】这个智能键盘精确测量节奏其中一种类型和压力指适用于每个键。
kick [k k] n. v. 踢
【真句】He saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car.【2013山东阅读】他看到一个老人在疯狂地提他的轮胎。
用法：kick the habit 戒除恶习
【真句】Smokers across the country sought to kick the habit.【2014山东阅读】整个国家的人都在寻找戒除这个恶习的方式。
kid [k d] n. 小孩
kill [k l] v. 杀死；使停止
【真句】For the past two years, Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they're close to a solution（解决方案）.【2019全国2.】在过去的两年里，戈登的学生一直在研究在零重力下杀死细菌的方法，他们认为已经接近解决方案。
【真句】A pedestrian is killed in a traffic accident in the USA every 110 minutes.【2014四川阅读】在美国，没1110分钟就有一个人死于交通事故。
【真句】Television has not killed reading.【2013安徽阅读】电视并不能使阅读停止。
kill time 消磨时光
【真句】How does the man kill time 【2015湖北】那个男人是怎样消磨时光的。
kilo [ ki l ] n. 千克
kilogram [ k l ɡr m] n. 千克
kilometr ['kil mi:t ] n. 千米
kind [ka nd] n. 种类 adj. 友好的；无害的
【真句】Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.【2019北京卷】因此，她成功地只用天然甜味剂制作了一种糖果，这种甜味剂可以减少口腔细菌。
【真句】This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the long-stay student.【2015天津阅读】这种住宿方式提供了一种独立的生活方式，并且适合长期停留的学生。
【真句】A new bug may be kind at first. But it may develop into something harmful.【2014全国一】这个病毒一开始可能是无害的，但是她会发展成有害的东西。
短语：kind of 有点儿（kind前面无冠词，此时等于sort of）
【真句】We’re kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else.【2015全国二】尽管我们本打算雇佣他人但是对于你的加入我们还是有点儿高兴。
kind作形容词时的名词形式为：kindness n. 友好，友善
kindergarten [k nd ɡɑ tn] n. 幼儿园
king [k ] n. 国王
kingdom [ k d m] n. 王国
kiss [k s] n. v. 吻，亲吻;
短语：kiss goodbye to sth; kiss sth to goodbye 和……说再见
【真句】I might as well kiss the scholarship goodbye.【2013北京完形】我还是和我的奖学金说再见吧。
kitchen [ k t n] n. 厨房
【真句】 Then one day, alone in the kitchen with my father, I let drop a few whines about the job. 【2019.6上海】后来有一天，我和父亲单独在厨房里，对工作抱怨了几句
kite [ka t] n. 风筝
knee [ni ] n. 膝盖
knife [na f] n. 刀
knock [n k] v 敲，猛击 n. 敲
【真句】She had knocked her head on a stone and her ankle was definitely broken.【2014江西阅读】她的头撞到了墙上并且膝盖绝对破了。
短语：knock on/at 敲……
【真句】When I got there, I knocked on the door and invited him fishing.【2013全国一阅读】当我到那儿的时候我敲门请他去钓鱼
knock sb/sth out 淘汰（某人或某物）
【真句】It is a way to knock them out of the market.【2013全国一阅读】这是一种使他们淘汰出市场的一种方式。
knock sb/sth over（开车）撞倒;（此时等于 knock sb down）
【真句】In the car park there Gina nearly got knocked over.【2012辽宁改错】在停车的地方Gina差点被撞到了。
knock down（车辆）撞倒，拆毁
【真句】 The elderly woman was knocked down by Tenyson.【2014福建阅读】那个老女人被Tenyson撞到了。
know [n ] v. 知道，了解
【真句】I want to know more about your service.【2013广东阅读】我想更加了解你的服务
know的名词形式：knowledge
know的形容词形式：known 出名的
knowledge [ n l d ] n. 知识；知道，了解
【真句】High levels of knowledge can make people too attached to traditional ways of viewing problems across fields the arts, sciences, and politics. 【2022年6月浙江卷】高水平的知识会使人们过于依赖传统的方式来看待艺术、科学和政治等领域的问题。
【真句】Sam picked up some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. 【(2015山东】通过观看其他人使用电脑Sam学习了一些电脑知识。
【真句】I don’t think it’s fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them. [阅读]2014全国一 当我们对它的了解还有限的时候，我们把它当作宠物是不对的。
高考核心词汇与练习---J
1. judge n. 法官v. 判断；断定；评判
( 1) __________ (judge) by the look on his face, the news must have been terrible.
( 2) ________________(在我看来), all of them are to blame.
( 3) ______ the number of cars, he thought, there were not many people at the club.
A. He judged by B. Judged from C. Judge by D. Judging from
( 4) ______ I could judge, she spoke good English.
A. As far B. As far so C. So far as D. So far
高考核心词汇与练习---K
1．keep sb. / sth. +宾补... 使……处于某种状态
(1)The other students in the class _________________________(close).
(2)You’d better keep the child ___________the fire.你最好让孩子离火远一点。
(3)The bad weather keeps us ____________the house.坏天气使我们不能出门。
(4)They use computers to keep the traffic smoothly.
A．being run B．run C．to run D．running
(5)Please come in and close the door so that we can the cold the room.
A．keep；out B．keep；out of
C．keep；off D．keep；back
2．keep one’s eyes on留神注意；照看
(1)He has an eye __________ design.
(2) I know she’s here in spirit，__________ (keep) an eye on us.
(3) All of a sudden something red ________________ (引起他的注意).
(4)—What is the trouble with you
—I don’t know.The manager went out of the office，with his eyes on me.
A．looked B．caught
C．stared D．fixed
3．keep in touch with sb.和某人保持联系
(1)I I’ve ______________ (失去联系) most of my friends from college.
(2)They have been ________________________(失去联系) each other.
(3)He tried to keep in touch _________current events _______ reading newspapers.
(4)The the two friends have kept in with each other is becoming closer and closer.
A．relation B．tie
C．link D．touch
(5)We’ll get in as soon as we know the results of the test.
A．touch B．relation
C．connection D．friendship
4．keep it up保持优秀成绩；继续干下去
(1)If only he could keep _______ up (保持)，he would break the world record.
(2) I think it is important that we ____________(跟上) the times.
(3)She was unable __________________(忍住) her tears.
(4)Excuse me，I can’t you.Could you please slow down a bit？
A．look up to B．keep up with
C．live up to D．come up with
(5)If we can’t the schedule，we’ll be in (a lot of) trouble.
A．keep to B．keep back
C．keep off D．keep out
5．keep...under control控制住
(1)The government has tried its best to keep floods _________control to reduce the loss.
(2) The car was _____________(失去控制) and hit the tree.
(3)He is in control of the company.I mean，the company is in control of him.
A．the；/ B．the；the
C．/；/ D．/；the
(4)The firemen kept big fire under control in half an hour last night.
A．/；/ B．/；the C．a；the D．the；/
6．keep...in mind把……记住
(1)With this ___________(记住)，the councils got together with the idea of building a large incinerator plant (垃圾焚烧厂) to burn half of the waste produced in their districts.
（2）______________(记住) that the petrol can only last 2 hours.
(2)You must keep in mind you are a student in this school，so you should obey the school rules.
A．it；that
B．such；as
C．everything；which
D．something；because
(3)—Have you to keep away from the net bar
—Yes.And all my friends have to help me.
A．made up your mind；made up their mind
B．made up your mind；decided
C．determined；made up their mind
D．made up your mind；made up their minds
7．knock about/around漫游
(1)A boy was knocked ___________(撞倒）by a passing car but fortunately he was unhurt.
(2)England had been _________________(淘汰) the World Cup.
(3)He ________________(漫游) in Europe for a few months.
(4) at the door before entering，please.
A．Knocked B．To knock
C．Knocking D．Knock
(5)He was in such a hurry that he almost the old man.(2012·东山调研)
A．knocked at B．knocked into
C．knocked off D．knocked on
(6)The driver turned his car sharply to the left to give the way to the running bull only a tree by the road.
A．to knock into B．knocking down
C．to knock at D．knocked over
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高考英语单词J（解析版）
目录
高考英语单词J 1
高考英语单词K 10
高考核心词汇与练习 15
jacket [ d k t] n. 夹克
jam [d m] n. 果酱；阻塞 v. （人或车）挤满
【真句】He was eating apple jam straight from the bottle with his hands.【2012陕西阅读】他用手直接从从瓶子里拿果酱吃。
【真句】Traffic jams can cause many serious problems.【2015安徽阅读】交通堵塞可以引起很多问题。
【真句】The streets I used to play in are jammed with cars now.【2015浙江阅读】我以前玩的街道现在挤满了车
jar [d ɑ ] n. 罐子，坛子
jaw [d ] n. 下巴
jazz [d z] n. 爵士音乐
【真句】They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. 【2023新高考1卷】他们演奏爵士乐来庆祝他们的新家。
【真句】After investing more than $1 million in reconstructing the building, we began producing a full season of theater performances, jazz concerts, and year-round arts education programs in 2008. 【2018江苏卷】投资超过100万美元重建该建筑后，我们于2008年开始制作一整季的戏剧表演、爵士音乐会和全年的艺术教育节目。
jeans [d i ns] n. 牛仔裤
jeep [d i p] n. 吉普车
【真句】I was on the side of the road for close to three hours with my big Jeep.【2021.1八省联考】我和我的大吉普车在路边呆了将近三个小时。
【真句】He conveyed through her that he had a jack but that it was too small for the Jeep, so we would need something to support it. 【2021.1八省联考】他通过她说，他有一个千斤顶，但对吉普车来说太小了，所以我们需要一些东西来支撑它。
jet [d et] n. 喷气式飞机
【真句】 Jet airplanes and big trucks didn’t exist yet.【2016北京卷】喷气式飞机和大型卡车目前还不存在。
jewel [ d u l] n. 宝石
【真句】Now it’s up to Blu and Jewel to escape the criminals. 现在要靠蓝光和珠宝来逃脱罪犯了。
jewelry [ d u lr ] n. （总称）珠宝
jewellery , jewel, jewels的辨析
jewellery [ d u lr ] n. 首饰（不可数名词）
【真句】Father borrowed money form his rich cousins to start a small jewellery shop.【2015陕西阅读】爸爸从他富裕的堂弟借钱开珠宝店
jewel [ d u l] n. 宝石(可数名词)
job [d b] 职业；工作（可数）
注意：job作为“工作”是可数名词；work作为“工作”是不可数名词
【真句】My colleague refuse to accept it, saying that we were all just do our job. 【2021.6全国乙卷】我的同事拒绝接受，他说我们都只是在做我们的工作。
【真句】How did the summer job benefit the author 【2022年6月浙江卷】暑期工作对作者有什么好处？
jog [d ɡ] n. v. 慢跑
【真句】Secondly, I got no enjoyment out of jogging.【2013浙江阅读】慢跑让我得不到任何快乐。
join与join in的区别
1) join指加入某个党派，团体组织等，成为其成员之一
【真句】Their faces were so powerful in sending a message of their despair（绝望）and need that I joined this project without hesitation. 【2021年6月北京卷】他们的脸是如此有力地传达了他们绝望的信息并需要我毫不犹豫地加入这个项目。
【真句】How did the author feel about joining the OIC project in the beginning 【2021年6月北京卷】作者最初对加入OIC项目有何感受？
When did your brother join the army 你哥哥什么时候参军的？
She joined the Young Pioneers. 她加入了少先队。
2) 和某人一道做某事，其结构为：join sb. in (doing) sth，根据上下文，in (doing) sth也可以省去,如：
Will you join us in the discussion 你参加我们的讨论吗？
He'll join us in singing the song. 他将和我们一道唱歌。
We're going to the East Lake Park on Sunday. Will you join us 我们打算星期天去东湖公园。你跟我们一道去好吗？
3) join in多指参加小规模的活动如“球赛、游戏”等，常用于日常口语。如：
①Come along, and join in the ball game. 快，来参加球赛。
②Why didn't you join in the talk last night 昨晚你为什么没参加座谈？
含有“参加”之意的词或短语：take part in, participate in
joke [d k] n. 玩笑，笑话 ；v. 开玩笑,说笑话
【真句】Humor includes a lot more than laughing and joke telling.【2015陕西阅读】幽默不仅仅包括笑和说笑话。
用法：play a joke on sb=play jokes on开某人的玩笑
His friends played a joke on him.【2013江西阅读】他的朋友开他的玩笑。
make a joke (out) of sth 拿……开玩笑
【真句】You may have made a joke out of your rude statement.【2014江苏任务型读写】你也许拿粗鲁的陈述开玩笑。
journal [ d :nl] n. 刊物，日志
【真句】In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths.”【2023新高考1卷】在日记或纸上，以“个人优势”为标题。
【真句】According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. 【2020年新高考全国Ⅰ卷(山东卷）】根据《消费者研究杂志》最近的一项研究，我们同伴的体型和消费习惯都会影响我们的食物摄入量。
【真句】Turn to a page in your journal to your list of strengths and achievements. 【2020全国Ⅰ卷】在日记的一页上看到你的优势和成就。
【真句】During a service experience, students must keep a journal and then write a report about what they have learned.【2014江苏完形】在服务期间，学生必须写日志之后再写一篇他们所学的东西的报道。
journalist [ d n l st] n. 新闻记者，新闻工作者
【真句】They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. 【2023高考2卷】他们还需要准备好接受国际记者的英语采访。
【真句】We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools.【2022新高考2卷】我们这些记者生活在一个讲故事的新时代，他们有许多新的多媒体工具。
【真句】As quantum computing attracts more attention and funding, researchers may mislead investors, journalists, the public and, worst of all, themselves about their work’s potential.【2022.6北京卷】随着量子计算吸引更多的关注和资金，研究人员可能会就他们的工作潜力误导投资者、记者、公众，最糟糕的是，还会误导他们自己。
【真句】So far the well-known journalist has accumulated more than 4,000 interviews with famous people. 【2014湖北】到目前为止，这位著名记者已经累计采访了4000多位名人。
journey voyage trip travel tour的区别
journey指从一地到另一地，通常指陆地上的远距离“旅行”，有时也可以表示经常走的或长或短的“路程”，只作名词。
I took a journey from Beijing to Shanghai last year. 去年，我从北京到上海去旅游了。
-- How long is your journey to school 你的路程有多长？
--Only about 10 minutes. 只有10分钟
voyage主要指远距离的水上旅行，也可以指空中旅行意思为“航海、航空、航行”等。只作名词。例如：
She usually gets seasick during the voyage. 在海上旅行我感到晕。
They made a voyage across the Pacific by air. 他飞过太平洋。
trip常指短距离的,直达目的地的旅行,在日常用语中,trip可与journey通用.
I am going on a trip to the seaside during the summer holidays.暑假期间我将去海边旅行.
He went on a trip/ journey to Paris.他到巴黎旅行去了.
tour“旅行,周游,观光”,主要目的地是游览或视察,距离可长可短,常带有“最后回到出发地”的含义.
He is making a tour of the world.他周游世界去了.
They spent two months on a tour through most of the countries of Europe.他们用了两个月的时间去旅行,游历了欧洲的大部分国家。
travel作“旅行、游历”解，一般表示从一地到另一地旅行这一总的概念。常指长时间、远距离的“旅行”，尤指出国旅行。可作动词和名词。travel作名词是不可数名词；若使用复数形式则用短语：on one’s travels
At present, many people are fond of travel in their spare time. 现在许多人喜欢在空闲的时候旅行。
I am reading a book about the travel to North Pole. 我正在阅读一本关于去北极旅行的书。
We met some interesting people on our travels to America. 在去美国的旅途中，我们遇到了一些有趣的人。
joy [d ] n. 高兴；乐趣
【真句】I shared my joy with that year's class. 【2020海南】我和那一年的同学分享了我的喜悦。
【真句】In conversation he expressed little joy.【2012四川阅读】在谈话中，他表达了他的快乐。
【真句】It is often said that the joy of traveling is not in arriving at your destination but in the journey itself. 【真句】【2013江苏】人们经常说旅途的乐趣不在于目的地而在于旅途本身。
joy的两个形容词形式：joyous和joyful
joyous [ d s] adj. 令人愉快的（只能形容物）
【真句】My entire experience was joyous and exciting.【2013浙江完形】我的整个经历是令人愉快和令人激动的。
joyful [ d fl] adj. 愉快的，令人愉快的（既可以形容人又可以形容物）
【真句】It’s a joyful and stressful time of year in the United States for students and their families as they make decisions about where to attend college. 【2023北京卷】在美国，当学生和他们的家人决定去哪里上大学的时候，这是一个快乐和充满压力的时刻。
【真句】He was obviously joyful just to be in the game and on the field.【2015江苏阅读】只要能够上场他就非常高兴。
judge [d d ] n. 法官；裁判，评委 v. 判断，评价；（比赛）评判
【真句】Judge Richard Hone said “You have neither regret, nor shame, nor any sense of guilt.” 【2013四川阅读】法官Richard Hone说：“你既不感到后悔也不感到羞耻也没有什么愧疚感。
【真句】The judges gave no hint of what they thought, so I left the room really worried.【2013上海阅读】
评委没有给出他们想法的暗示，所以我离开的时候非常担心。
【真句】As a result, they judge the disabled with one glance.【2019.3天津】因此，他们一眼就能判断残疾人。
【真句】people should not judge things by their appearance.【2013湖南阅读】人们不应该通过外表来评价某物。
judge作动词时的名词形式为judgment ['d d m nt] 判断，评价
【真句】Whatever the judgment of cyber schools, they are getting more and more popular.【2015辽宁阅读】不管人们对网校的评价如何，它们都变得越来越流行。
juice [d u s] n. 汁，（水果或蔬菜汁）饮料
juice的形容词形式：juicy [d u s ] adj. 多汁的
jump [d mp] v. n 跳；增加
jungle [ d ɡl] n. 丛林
【真句】He also had to fight his way across deserts, through jungles and over mountains.【2012上海阅读】他不得不走出沙漠、穿越丛林以及翻越大山。
junior [ d u n ] adj. （职位，级别）低级的；低年级的； n. 低职位人员；低年级学生
This is a junior school. You should go to a senior school for girls of your age.【2012北京】这是低年级学校，你应该去你这个年纪的高年级学校。
It is easy to think that a junior team member may have less to contribute than more experienced ones.【2015浙江阅读】人们很容易认为低等级的成员的贡献没有有经验的成员贡献高。
junior的反义词：senior adj.（职位，级别）高级的；高年级的n.高职位人员；高年级学生；高年级学生
junk [d k] n. 废品，垃圾
junk mail [d k me l] 垃圾邮件
junk food [d k fu d] 垃圾食品
just [d st] adv. 仅仅，就是；刚刚 adj. 公平的
【真句】"It's supposed to stink. Just give it a try!" my grandmother said.【2019.3天津】“它应该很臭。试试吧！”我奶奶说。
【真句】But I’m just not creative.【2016全国二阅读】但是，我就是没有创造力
【真句】We’ve just finished reading.【2014上海填词】我们刚刚读完了。
not just 不仅仅
【真句】But not just any kids. 【2019全国2.】但不仅仅是任何孩子。
【真句】That Kart wasn’t just trying to make a rule, he was offering a way for us to change our lives and achieve our dream.【2016江苏完形】Kart不仅仅努力制定规则，他也给我们提供了一个改变生活和实现梦想的方式。
not only/just/merely…but (also) … 不但……而且……
【真句】Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally, you'll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. 【2019北京卷】你不仅将帮助我们的年轻志愿者个人发展，还将学习新技能，提高文化意识。
【真句】It is not just the availability of the goods that is the problem, but the speed with which new types of products come on the market.【2013重庆】不仅产品的获取是一个问题，产品入市的速度也是一个问题。
just作形容词时的名词形式为：justice司法；正义；公正
【真句】He wrote plays on themes of race, equality and social justice.【2012山东阅读】他的戏剧以公平、平等、社会正义为主题。
高考英语单词K
kangaroo [k ɡ ru ] n. 袋鼠
kettle [ ketl] n. 水壶
keen [ki n] adj.强烈的，渴望的
【真句】Her keen interest in writing.【2021年6月天津卷】她对写作有浓厚的兴趣。
短语：be keen on 喜欢
【真句】Reading for fun matters because children who are keen on reading can expect lifelong pleasure. 【2012山东阅读】趣味阅读很重要，因为喜欢读书的儿童可以获得终生的乐趣。
keep [ki p] v. 保持；保留，留着；存储；饲养
【真句】To make it easier to get in touch with us, you’d better keep this card at hand.【2016北京】为了使与我们更容易取得联系，你最好保持这张卡片在手边。
【真句】You can keep a book for ever and read it many times.【2013安徽阅读】你可以存一本书并且读很多次
【真句】People who used horses to pull heavy loads would have chosen to keep stronger animals.【2013北京阅读】用马来拉重物的人会选择饲养更强壮的动物。
短语：keep doing sth 不停做某事
【真句】We keep putting off a task because it has either too boring or too difficult.【2016天津阅读】我们不停地保持推迟任务因为它要么太无聊要么太难。
keep/prevent/stop …from doing sth 阻止……做某事
【真句】Keep cattle from being stolen.【2021年6月新高考二卷】防止牛被偷走。
【真句】Research shows that eating breakfast keeps you from overeating later in the day.【2014全国二阅读】研究显示早上吃早饭可以阻止你你在一天之后的时间里多吃。
keep on doing 继续做某事
【真句】With high motivation and enthusiasm, we can keep on learning.【2019.6天津】有了高度的动力和热情，我们能够继续进行学习。
【真句】Jane plans to keep on facing attacks on her.【2015四川阅读】Jane计划继续面对对她的攻击。
keep up 继续，保持
【真句】In fact, progress has allowed tradition to keep up.【2014江西阅读】事实上进步可以让传统继续下去。
keep up with 跟上，与……同步
【真句】I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students.【2015北京阅读】我热爱科技并且努力与新科技保持同步这样我就可以理解我的学生
keep away 远离
【真句】Why does the man say that he should keep away from babies 【2015全国一】为什么那个男人说他应该远离婴儿
key [ki ] adj. 关键的 n. 钥匙；按键；
【真句】A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources of healthy information.【2014北京阅读】提高你的评价能力的关键一步是仔细观看你的健康信息的来源。
【真句】It suddenly occurred to him that he had left his keys in the office.【2014全国一】她突然想起来把钥匙放在办公室了。
短语：the key (to)……的关键
【真句】Helping others sincerely is the key to business success.【2014浙江阅读】真诚的帮助他人是公司成功的关键。
keyboard [ki b d] n. 键盘
【真句】This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence（节奏）with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key.【2019全国1.】这个智能键盘精确测量节奏其中一种类型和压力指适用于每个键。
kick [k k] n. v. 踢
【真句】He saw an elderly man wildly kicking the tyre of his car.【2013山东阅读】他看到一个老人在疯狂地提他的轮胎。
用法：kick the habit 戒除恶习
【真句】Smokers across the country sought to kick the habit.【2014山东阅读】整个国家的人都在寻找戒除这个恶习的方式。
kid [k d] n. 小孩
kill [k l] v. 杀死；使停止
【真句】For the past two years, Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they're close to a solution（解决方案）.【2019全国2.】在过去的两年里，戈登的学生一直在研究在零重力下杀死细菌的方法，他们认为已经接近解决方案。
【真句】A pedestrian is killed in a traffic accident in the USA every 110 minutes.【2014四川阅读】在美国，没1110分钟就有一个人死于交通事故。
【真句】Television has not killed reading.【2013安徽阅读】电视并不能使阅读停止。
kill time 消磨时光
【真句】How does the man kill time 【2015湖北】那个男人是怎样消磨时光的。
kilo [ ki l ] n. 千克
kilogram [ k l ɡr m] n. 千克
kilometr ['kil mi:t ] n. 千米
kind [ka nd] n. 种类 adj. 友好的；无害的
【真句】Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.【2019北京卷】因此，她成功地只用天然甜味剂制作了一种糖果，这种甜味剂可以减少口腔细菌。
【真句】This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the long-stay student.【2015天津阅读】这种住宿方式提供了一种独立的生活方式，并且适合长期停留的学生。
【真句】A new bug may be kind at first. But it may develop into something harmful.【2014全国一】这个病毒一开始可能是无害的，但是她会发展成有害的东西。
短语：kind of 有点儿（kind前面无冠词，此时等于sort of）
【真句】We’re kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else.【2015全国二】尽管我们本打算雇佣他人但是对于你的加入我们还是有点儿高兴。
kind作形容词时的名词形式为：kindness n. 友好，友善
kindergarten [k nd ɡɑ tn] n. 幼儿园
king [k ] n. 国王
kingdom [ k d m] n. 王国
kiss [k s] n. v. 吻，亲吻;
短语：kiss goodbye to sth; kiss sth to goodbye 和……说再见
【真句】I might as well kiss the scholarship goodbye.【2013北京完形】我还是和我的奖学金说再见吧。
kitchen [ k t n] n. 厨房
【真句】 Then one day, alone in the kitchen with my father, I let drop a few whines about the job. 【2019.6上海】后来有一天，我和父亲单独在厨房里，对工作抱怨了几句
kite [ka t] n. 风筝
knee [ni ] n. 膝盖
knife [na f] n. 刀
knock [n k] v 敲，猛击 n. 敲
【真句】She had knocked her head on a stone and her ankle was definitely broken.【2014江西阅读】她的头撞到了墙上并且膝盖绝对破了。
短语：knock on/at 敲……
【真句】When I got there, I knocked on the door and invited him fishing.【2013全国一阅读】当我到那儿的时候我敲门请他去钓鱼
knock sb/sth out 淘汰（某人或某物）
【真句】It is a way to knock them out of the market.【2013全国一阅读】这是一种使他们淘汰出市场的一种方式。
knock sb/sth over（开车）撞倒;（此时等于 knock sb down）
【真句】In the car park there Gina nearly got knocked over.【2012辽宁改错】在停车的地方Gina差点被撞到了。
knock down（车辆）撞倒，拆毁
【真句】 The elderly woman was knocked down by Tenyson.【2014福建阅读】那个老女人被Tenyson撞到了。
know [n ] v. 知道，了解
【真句】I want to know more about your service.【2013广东阅读】我想更加了解你的服务
know的名词形式：knowledge
know的形容词形式：known 出名的
knowledge [ n l d ] n. 知识；知道，了解
【真句】High levels of knowledge can make people too attached to traditional ways of viewing problems across fields the arts, sciences, and politics. 【2022年6月浙江卷】高水平的知识会使人们过于依赖传统的方式来看待艺术、科学和政治等领域的问题。
【真句】Sam picked up some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it. 【(2015山东】通过观看其他人使用电脑Sam学习了一些电脑知识。
【真句】I don’t think it’s fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them. [阅读]2014全国一 当我们对它的了解还有限的时候，我们把它当作宠物是不对的。
高考核心词汇与练习---J （含答案）
1. judge n. 法官v. 判断；断定；评判
( 1) __________ (judge) by the look on his face, the news must have been terrible.
( 2) ________________(在我看来), all of them are to blame.
【答案】(1) Judging (2)In my judgment
( 3) ______ the number of cars, he thought, there were not many people at the club.
A. He judged by B. Judged from C. Judge by D. Judging from
【答案】答案 D解析：考查固定短语judging from / by…“根据……判断”。
( 4) ______ I could judge, she spoke good English.
A. As far B. As far so C. So far as D. So far
【答案】答案 C解析：考查固定短语as / so far as I can (could) judge，“我认为，据我判断”。
高考核心词汇与练习---K（含答案）
1．keep sb. / sth. +宾补... 使……处于某种状态
(1)The other students in the class _________________________(close).
(2)You’d better keep the child ___________the fire.你最好让孩子离火远一点。
(3)The bad weather keeps us ____________the house.坏天气使我们不能出门。
【答案】(1) keep their eyes closed (2) away from (3)inside
(4)They use computers to keep the traffic smoothly.
A．being run B．run C．to run D．running
【答案】答案 D
解析 句意为：他们使用电脑以使交通顺畅运行。空白处是宾补，run的意思是“运行”，与宾语是主谓关系，故用其现在分词形式。
(5)Please come in and close the door so that we can the cold the room.
A．keep；out B．keep；out of
C．keep；off D．keep；back
【答案】答案 B
解析 keep＋名词＋介词短语，此处表示“让冷空气处于房间之外”。
2．keep one’s eyes on留神注意；照看
(1)He has an eye __________ design.
(2) I know she’s here in spirit，__________ (keep) an eye on us.
(3) All of a sudden something red ________________ (引起他的注意).
【答案】(1) for (2) keeping (3)caught his eyes
(4)—What is the trouble with you
—I don’t know.The manager went out of the office，with his eyes on me.
A．looked B．caught
C．stared D．fixed
【答案】答案 D
解析 此处为fix one’s eyes on的变式，意为：经理走出办公室，眼睛注视着我。
3．keep in touch with sb.和某人保持联系
(1)I I’ve ______________ (失去联系) most of my friends from college.
(2)They have been ________________________(失去联系) each other.
(3)He tried to keep in touch _________current events _______ reading newspapers.
【答案】(1) lost touch with (2) out of touch with (3)with ; by
(4)The the two friends have kept in with each other is becoming closer and closer.
A．relation B．tie
C．link D．touch
【答案】答案 D
解析 keep in touch with是常用词组，意为“与……保持联系”。在此，对这个词组进行了灵活运用，即把touch提到了前边作先行词，但搭配规则并没有改变。
(5)We’ll get in as soon as we know the results of the test.
A．touch B．relation
C．connection D．friendship
【答案】答案 A
解析 句意为：一知道考试的结果，我们就取得联系。get in touch取得联系，固定用法。
4．keep it up保持优秀成绩；继续干下去
(1)If only he could keep _______ up (保持)，he would break the world record.
(2) I think it is important that we ____________(跟上) the times.
(3)She was unable __________________(忍住) her tears.
【答案】(1) it (2) keep up with (3)to keep back
(4)Excuse me，I can’t you.Could you please slow down a bit？
A．look up to B．keep up with
C．live up to D．come up with
【答案】答案 B
解析 由后面的句子可知，空线处句意为：……我跟不上你。keep up with跟上，符合句意。
(5)If we can’t the schedule，we’ll be in (a lot of) trouble.
A．keep to B．keep back
C．keep off D．keep out
【答案】答案 A
解析 句意为：如果我们不按时完成计划就要倒霉了。keep to...遵守……，符合句意。
5．keep...under control控制住
(1)The government has tried its best to keep floods _________control to reduce the loss.
(2) The car was _____________(失去控制) and hit the tree.
【答案】(1) under (2)out of control
(3)He is in control of the company.I mean，the company is in control of him.
A．the；/ B．the；the
C．/；/ D．/；the
【答案】答案 D
解析 sb. be in control of sth.某人控制……；sth. be in the control of sb.某物受某人控制。
(4)The firemen kept big fire under control in half an hour last night.
A．/；/ B．/；the C．a；the D．the；/
【答案】答案 D
解析 第一空指听、说双方都知道的东西，因此选the；keep...under control固定搭配。
6．keep...in mind把……记住
(1)With this ___________(记住)，the councils got together with the idea of building a large incinerator plant (垃圾焚烧厂) to burn half of the waste produced in their districts.
（2）______________(记住) that the petrol can only last 2 hours.
【答案】（1） in mind （2）Keep / Bear in mind
(2)You must keep in mind you are a student in this school，so you should obey the school rules.
A．it；that
B．such；as
C．everything；which
D．something；because
【答案】答案 A
解析 it作形式宾语，that从句为真正宾语。
(3)—Have you to keep away from the net bar
—Yes.And all my friends have to help me.
A．made up your mind；made up their mind
B．made up your mind；decided
C．determined；made up their mind
D．made up your mind；made up their minds
【答案】答案 D
解析 由句意可知，两个空的意思都应是“下决心”，且第二个空mind应为复数。
7．knock about/around漫游
(1)A boy was knocked ___________(撞倒）by a passing car but fortunately he was unhurt.
(2)England had been _________________(淘汰) the World Cup.
(3)He ________________(漫游) in Europe for a few months.
【答案】(1) over / down (2) knocked out of (3)knocked about
(4) at the door before entering，please.
A．Knocked B．To knock
C．Knocking D．Knock
【答案】答案 D
解析 该句为祈使句，故选D项。
(5)He was in such a hurry that he almost the old man.(2012·东山调研)
A．knocked at B．knocked into
C．knocked off D．knocked on
【答案】答案 B
解析 句意为：他如此匆忙，以致于差一点撞上一位老人。knock into撞上……，符合句意。
(6)The driver turned his car sharply to the left to give the way to the running bull only a tree by the road.
A．to knock into B．knocking down
C．to knock at D．knocked over
【答案】答案 A
解析 only＋to do...作结果状语。句意为：……结果撞在路边的一棵树上。
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