小升初英语语法：一般过去时（Simple Past Tense）全解析及练习（含答案）

小升初英语语法：一般过去时（Simple Past Tense）全解析及练习（含答案）
在英语学习里，一般过去时是一个十分重要的时态，它帮助我们描述过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。接下来，让我们详细了解一般过去时的相关知识。
一、一般过去时全解析
概念：一般过去时用于表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态，这个动作或状态和现在没有直接关联，只强调过去的情况。例如：I played football yesterday.（我昨天踢足球了。）这里 “yesterday（昨天）” 明确表明动作发生在过去。
构成
肯定句：主语 + 动词的过去式 + 其他。例如：He went to school by bike last week.（他上周骑自行车去上学。）“go” 的过去式是 “went” 。
否定句：主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他。例如：She didn't watch TV last night.（她昨晚没看电视。）无论主语是第几人称，否定形式都借助 “didn't”，后面跟动词原形。
一般疑问句：Did + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？例如：Did you go to the park yesterday （你昨天去公园了吗？）回答时，肯定回答用 “Yes, 主语 + did.”，否定回答用 “No, 主语 + didn't.” 。
3.动词过去式的变化规则
一般情况：在动词原形后直接加 -ed 。如：work - worked（工作），play - played（玩）。
以不发音的 -e 结尾的动词：直接加 -d 。如：live - lived（居住），hope - hoped（希望）。
以辅音字母 + y 结尾的动词：变 y 为 i ，再加 -ed 。如：study - studied（学习），carry - carried（携带）。
以一个元音字母 + 一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词：先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加 -ed 。如：stop - stopped（停止），shop - shopped（购物） 。
不规则动词：有许多动词的过去式是不规则变化，需要特殊记忆。例如：go - went（去），do - did（做），have - had（有），see - saw（看见），eat - ate（吃） 等。
4.用法
表示过去某个时间发生的动作：常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday（昨天），last week/month/year（上周 / 上个月 / 去年），two days ago（两天前），in 2020（在 2020 年） 等。例如：I visited my grandparents last Sunday.（我上周日拜访了我的祖父母。）
表示过去习惯性、经常性的动作：这时常与 always（总是），usually（通常），often（经常）等频率副词连用。例如：When I was a child, I often played games with my friends.（当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常和朋友们一起玩游戏。）
描述过去的状态：用 be 动词的过去式（was/were）来表示。其中，“was” 用于第一人称单数（I）和第三人称单数（he/she/it），“were” 用于第二人称（you）和所有复数人称（we/they）。例如：I was happy yesterday.（我昨天很开心。）；They were in the classroom just now.（他们刚才在教室里。）
在小学阶段，掌握动词过去式的不规则变化是学习一般过去时的关键。以下是小学阶段常见的不规则动词过去式列表：
动词原形 过去式 中文释义
am/is was 是（用于第一人称单数和第三人称单数）
are were 是（用于第二人称和所有复数人称）
become became 成为
begin began 开始
break broke 打破
bring brought 带来
build built 建造
buy bought 买
can could 能，会
catch caught 抓住
come came 来
do/does did 做
draw drew 画
drink drank 喝
drive drove 驾驶
eat ate 吃
fall fell 落下；跌倒
feel felt 感觉
find found 找到
fly flew 飞
forget forgot 忘记
get got 得到
give gave 给
go went 去
grow grew 生长；成长
have/has had 有
hear heard 听见
hold held 握住；举行
keep kept 保持
know knew 知道
leave left 离开
let let 让
lie lay 躺；位于 （注意：当 lie 表示 “说谎” 时，过去式是 lied ）
lose lost 丢失
make made 制作；制造
meet met 遇见
pay paid 支付
put put 放
read read （读音：[red] ） 读
ride rode 骑
run ran 跑
say said 说
see saw 看见
sell sold 卖
send sent 发送
shine shone /shined （两种形式都常见，shone 更侧重自然发光，shined 可用于物体被擦亮 ） 发光；照耀
sing sang 唱歌
sit sat 坐
sleep slept 睡觉
speak spoke 说；讲
spend spent 花费；度过
stand stood 站；站立
swim swam 游泳
take took 拿；取；带走
teach taught 教
tell told 告诉
think thought 想；思考
throw threw 扔
understand understood 理解
wake woke /waked （两种形式都可，woke 更常用 ） 醒来；唤醒
wear wore 穿；戴
win won 赢
write wrote 写
二、一般过去时练习题（80 道）
（一）选择题（40 道）
I ______ to the park yesterday.
A. go B. goes C. went
She ______ a beautiful dress at the party last night.
A. wear B. wears C. wore
They ______ basketball after school yesterday.
A. play B. played C. playing
He ______ his homework carefully last night.
A. do B. does C. did
My father ______ to work by car last week.
A. go B. goes C. went
We ______ TV at home last night.
A. watch B. watched C. watching
______ you ______ to the zoo last Sunday
A. Do; go B. Did; go C. Did; went
She ______ a letter to her friend last month.
A. write B. writes C. wrote
The children ______ games in the park yesterday afternoon.
A. play B. played C. playing
He ______ up early this morning.
A. get B. gets C. got
My mother ______ dinner for us last night.
A. cook B. cooks C. cooked
They ______ to the music last night.
A. listen B. listened C. listening
______ she ______ a new book yesterday
A. Do; buy B. Did; buy C. Did; bought
We ______ a good time at the party last weekend.
A. have B. has C. had
He ______ his keys yesterday. He was very worried.
A. lose B. loses C. lost
She ______ to school by bike this morning.
A. go B. goes C. went
The students ______ a test last Monday.
A. take B. takes C. took
______ they ______ to the cinema last night
A. Do; go B. Did; go C. Did; goes
My sister ______ a nice present for my birthday last week.
A. give B. gives C. gave
He ______ a lot of photos during the trip last month.
A. take B. takes C. took
I ______ my grandparents last Sunday.
A. visit B. visits C. visited
They ______ to the beach last summer.
A. go B. goes C. went
______ you ______ your homework yesterday
A. Do; finish B. Did; finish C. Did; finished
She ______ a storybook before going to bed last night.
A. read B. reads C. reading
The dog ______ after the cat just now.
A. run B. runs C. ran
We ______ a picnic in the park last Saturday.
A. have B. has C. had
He ______ the game yesterday. He was very happy.
A. win B. wins C. won
______ she ______ English well when she was young
A. Do; speak B. Did; speak C. Did; spoke
My father ______ a new car last year.
A. buy B. buys C. bought
They ______ a meeting yesterday afternoon.
A. have B. has C. had
I ______ a letter from my friend last week.
A. receive B. receives C. received
She ______ to the concert last night.
A. go B. goes C. went
______ you ______ the film last night
A. Do; see B. Did; see C. Did; saw
We ______ a big dinner at a restaurant last night.
A. eat B. eats C. ate
He ______ his room yesterday. It looks much tidier now.
A. clean B. cleans C. cleaned
They ______ a trip to the mountains last weekend.
A. take B. takes C. took
______ he ______ to school by bus yesterday
A. Do; go B. Did; go C. Did; goes
My mother ______ some clothes at the store yesterday.
A. buy B. buys C. bought
She ______ a song at the party last night.
A. sing B. sings C. sang
We ______ at home all day yesterday because it rained heavily.
A. stay B. stays C. stayed
（二）填空题（40 道）
I ______ (go) to the supermarket yesterday.
She ______ (have) breakfast at 7:00 this morning.
They ______ (play) football in the park last Sunday.
He ______ (do) his homework carefully last night.
My father ______ (watch) TV after dinner yesterday.
We ______ (visit) the museum last week.
______ you ______ (clean) your room yesterday
She ______ (write) a letter to her pen pal last month.
The children ______ (fly) kites in the park yesterday afternoon.
He ______ (get) up late this morning.
My mother ______ (cook) delicious food for us last night.
They ______ (listen) to music all evening yesterday.
She ______ (buy) a new dress at the store yesterday.
We ______ (have) a great time at the party last weekend.
He ______ (lose) his wallet yesterday. He was very sad.
She ______ (go) to school on foot this morning.
The students ______ (take) a math test last Monday.
______ they ______ (go) to the zoo last Sunday
My sister ______ (give) me a beautiful present for my birthday last week.
He ______ (take) many photos during the trip last month.
I ______ (visit) my grandparents last Sunday.
They ______ (go) to the beach last summer.
______ you ______ (finish) your homework yesterday
She ______ (read) a storybook before going to bed last night.
The dog ______ (run) after the cat just now.
We ______ (have) a picnic in the park last Saturday.
He ______ (win) the game yesterday. He was very excited.
______ she ______ (speak) English well when she was young
My father ______ (buy) a new bike last year.
They ______ (have) a meeting yesterday afternoon.
I ______ (receive) a postcard from my friend last week.
She ______ (go) to the concert last night.
______ you ______ (see) the film last night
We ______ (eat) a big dinner at a restaurant last night.
He ______ (clean) his room yesterday. It looks much neater now.
They ______ (take) a trip to the countryside last weekend.
______ he ______ (go) to school by bike yesterday
My mother ______ (buy) some fruits at the market yesterday.
She ______ (sing) a beautiful song at the party last night.
We ______ (stay) at home all day yesterday because it rained heavily.
答案
（一）选择题
C 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. C 6. B 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. C 11. C 12. B 13. B 14. C 15. C 16. C 17. C 18. B 19. C 20. C 21. C 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. C 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. C 36. C 37. B 38. C 39. C 40. C
（二）填空题
went 2. had 3. played 4. did 5. watched 6. visited 7. Did; clean 8. wrote 9. flew 10. got 11. cooked 12. listened 13. bought 14. had 15. lost 16. went 17. took 18. Did; go 19. gave 20. took 21. visited 22. went 23. Did; finish 24. read 25. ran 26. had 27. won 28. Did; speak 29. bought 30. had 31. received 32. went 33. Did; see 34. ate 35. cleaned 36. took 37. Did; go 38. bought 39. sang 40. stayed