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05 科普知识
2024 年科普知识热点背景呈现出多领域、多维度的特点：嫦娥六号 “奔月” 备受关注，作为世界首次从月背 “挖土” 回来的航天任务，激发了大众对宇宙探索的热情，让人们对月球及宇宙的奥秘有了更多好奇，也体现了我国在航天领域的巨大进步。
新能源汽车、数字人、人工智能 AI 等前沿科技快速发展与应用。新能源汽车引领出行的绿色、智能变革；数字人、人工智能 AI 等技术不断突破，在多个领域的应用前景广阔，引发大众对未来科技生活的想象与探讨。
当代年轻人逐渐跳出朋克养生怪圈，新中式养生受到追捧。利好政策使榴梿进口国数量增加，人们研究榴梿花样吃法；辅酶 q10、维生素 b12、叶酸等保健品相关词条搜索指数环比增长，反映出人们对健康养生知识的需求。在拒绝情绪内耗、反对 pua、反对内卷的社会潮流下，大众愈发关注自我情绪保护，重视心理健康。mbti 成为年轻人的 “社交货币”，马斯洛需求层次理论、讨好型人格等心理学相关词汇也备受关注。
题型 主要内容
1 阅读理解 介绍了在珠海举办的第十五届中国国际航空航天展览会。
2 阅读理解 介绍了三个考古发现，考古学家通过不同的考古发现来揭示古代中国的秘密。
3 阅读理解 介绍了科学家借助卫星图像发现了位于南极洲的四个新的帝企鹅群落。然而，这四个新发现的群落并没有使企鹅的整体数量发生太大的变化。随着全球气候变暖，企鹅不得不进行迁移以找到更合适的栖息地。
4 阅读理解 讲述了蚂蚁在约6600万年前由于小行星撞击地球导致食物短缺时，开始通过在巢穴中种植真菌来获取食物的故事。
5 阅读理解 介绍了芯片产业未来的发展趋势。
6 阅读理解 介绍了塞伦盖蒂南部角马的迁徙。
7 阅读理解 讨论了地球现有人口的估算方法以及这些数据的可靠性，提到了联合国人口司如何收集信息并定期更新估算。此外，还介绍了世界人口时钟是如何通过利用更新的信息来估计人大变化的。结合文章的多个方面，得出其主要是介绍世界人口估算和更新的信息方法与过程。
8 阅读理解 介绍了世界上最大的野生种子库MSB，收藏的种子对人类未来生活至关重要，可用于重建被破坏的植物环境以及应对气候变化对英国本土植物的影响。
9 阅读理解 文章通过详细解释光学错觉的定义，并列举了三个具体的例子来说明光学错觉是如何产生的。
10 阅读理解 讲述了美国两位教师通过研究社交媒体上的句子，分析出一周中最幸福和最糟糕的日子。
01
①The 15th China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition, China’s biggest air show, opened to the public in Zhuhai, Guangdong province, on November 12, 2024. This amazing event attracted over 1,000 companies from 47 countries and regions, showing the latest advancements in military (军事的) technology.
②One of the most exciting things at the exhibition was the uncovering of China’s new military technology. For example, China’s own J-20S fighter jet (歼20战斗机) was shown in public at the first time. This is a new type of stealth (隐形的) fighter jet that can fly long distances and carry out many different tasks. It is also a double-seater, which means it has two seats for the pilots, making it even more powerful and flexible (灵活的).
③The J-20S is an improvement from China’s previous J-20 fighter jet. It is designed to be even more stealthy, with special materials that reduce its radar signature (雷达信号). It also has new electronic warfare (作战) systems, missiles, and radar, which make it better at finding and attacking enemy targets. The J-20S can fly very fast and move around easily, thanks to its new wing and tail designs, as well as a new type of engine.
④Besides the J-20S, China also showed many other amazing aircraft and weapons at the exhibition. There were drones that can fly high in the sky, unmanned boats that can sail on the ocean, and even the lunar samples that Chang’e-6 collected from the far side of the moon.
⑤The exhibition was not just about showing off new technology. It was also a chance for companies from around the world to come together and learn from each other. Many important deals were made during the event, including a big order for 130 new Chinese-made passenger planes (客机).
1．Where was the exhibition held
A．In Beijing. B．In Chengdu. C．In Zhuhai. D．In Guangzhou.
2．What can we infer from the passage about the J-20S fighter jet
A．It is designed for short-distance flights.
B．It has few abilities in finding enemy targets.
C．It is mainly used for transporting passengers.
D．It shows improvements in China’s military power.
3．What does the underlined word “uncovering” mean in the passage
uncovering [ n k v r ] n.
A．The act of making a choice or judgement about something.
B．The act of finding out about something that has been kept secret.
C．The act of making something happen in a particular way, or have a particular result.
D．The act of succeeding in doing something difficult, especially after trying very hard.
4．Companies around the world come to the exhibition so as to ________.
A．show off the new technology B．see and buy the lunar samples
C．enjoy the performance of the J-20S D．make deals and learn from each other
5．What’s the best title of the passage
A．The Improvement of J-20S. B．The Deals in Zhuhai Air Show 2024.
C．Zhuhai Air Show 2024: New Heights. D．Strongest Military Technologies in the World.
02
What’s the earliest dynasty (朝代) of China The answer is the Xia Dynasty. It was about 4,000 years ago. But for a long time, we couldn’t find anything that people built during the dynasty. So many people didn’t believe it actually existed.
An archaeologist (考古学家) named Xu Xusheng believed the dynasty was real. He studied lots of history books and maps. In 1959, the 72-year-old archaeologist went to Erlitou, Henan province. There, he worked with his team and found some tombs, bronze wares (青铜器) and remains of houses. They may belong to the Xia Dynasty. They show us what the “earliest China” looked like.
In 1929, a farmer in Sichuan was digging a well. He was surprised to find some jade (玉). Archaeologists then came and searched the area. In the following years, they found thousands of jade, bronze and gold objects. These objects were from the ancient Shu Kingdom. It was about 5,000 years ago.
The objects found in Sanxingdui look strange. This bronze tree is about 4 meters tall. There are bronze birds and dragons on it. Wow, the bronze mask (面具) is so huge. Who could wear it
Archaeologists not only work underground, but also dive into the sea. In 1987, some Chinese archaeologists found an old ship in the South China Sea. The archaeologists dove into the water and found many beautiful porcelain objects in the ship. It was a trade ship from the Song Dynasty. It was going to take Chinese goods to other countries. But for some reason, it sank (沉没) into the sea. It is the biggest underwater discovery in China. People call it Nanhai One because it’s a new start for Chinese archaeology.
Deep water is dangerous. The archaeologists have to take heavy tools such as oxygen bottles and sonar (声波定位仪). They can weigh as much as 50 kg!
6．According to the passage, the tombs in Erlitou may belong to ________.
A．Xia Dynasty B．Shu Kingdom C．Song Dynasty D．Shang Dynasty
7．When was Sanxingdui found
A．In 1929. B．In 1959. C．In 1987. D．In 2024.
8．What could be found in Nanhai One
A． B． C． D．
9．After reading the passage, which statement is TRUE
A．Xia Dynasty isn’t actually existed. B．It is easy to do research underwater.
C．Sanxingdui was discovered by accident. D．Nanhai One took goods from other countries.
10．Where is this passage from
A．School Life. B．Music Zone. C．Science Study. D．Culture and History.
03
Scientists have found four groups of emperor penguins in Antarctica with new satellite images (卫星图像). These groups, called “colonies”, are all small with less than 1,000 pairs of penguins.
Emperor penguins are the world’s largest sea birds that cannot fly but can swim. However, the number of them has dropped and they live in fewer areas than before. The penguins raise their babies on frozen sea ice during the winter. If the ice breaks up before the babies grow up, many of the babies might die. So some penguins are moving away from their old colonies to find more stable (稳定的) sea ice.
Peter Fretwell, a researcher at the British Antarctic Survey, said that conditions at one colony had become more dangerous since 2016. As a result, the colony near Halley Bay seems to have moved about 30 kilometers east. The four new colonies may have been around for years, but scientists have just recently seen them. Though the four newly found colonies do not change the population for the birds a lot, Fretwell said the fact that one of the colonies moved helps scientists to understand where the birds are going.
Daniel Zitterbart is a penguin researcher. He said that it is unclear if the new groups broke away from the larger colonies. He added that the places where the penguins breeding are changing. As the world gets warmer, more “penguins will be on the move”.
11．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．Which living condition penguins prefer.
B．Why penguins try to leave dangerous ice.
C．What scientists have learned about penguins.
D．How penguins raise babies on sea ice in winter.
12．Which of the following will Zitterbart probably agree with
A．The new groups surely come from larger colonies.
B．Penguins are used to breeding in the same places.
C．The warm world is really helpful to the penguins.
D．The higher temperature is influencing the penguins.
13．What does the text mainly tell us
A．We need to care more about penguins.
B．We should stop penguins from moving.
C．Scientists are working to save penguins.
D．Scientists find four new penguin colonies.
14．Which part of a magazine is the text probably taken from
A．Talk with Scientists. B．Story Time.
C．Nature and Science. D．Culture and Travel.
04
It’s said that people started farming about 11,700 years ago. But there is a much older “farmer”—the ants. Ants started farming fungi (真菌) millions of years ago, according to a study in Science.
After an asteroid (小行星) hit Earth 66 million years ago, says the study, many plants and animals died. Ants didn’t have enough food. They turned to fungi for food.
Fungi are tiny (极小的) living things. They break down dead plants and animals. So there was a lot of food for fungi at the time.
Ants started farming fungi in their nests (巢). They fed the fungi dead leaves so that the fungi could grow. Then they are the fungi.
Today, some ants will do fungi farming. Scientists find around 250 kinds of ants throughout the Americas build Fungi gardens. The ants weed (除草) and water the gardens. They also keep bad things away from the fungi so that they can grow better.
15．According to the study, when did some ants start eating fungi
A．1,000 years ago. B．1,700 years ago.
C．11,700 years ago. D．66 million years ago.
16．How do fungi get food
A．By farming ants. B．By growing new plants.
C．By breaking down dead things. D．By building nests on the ground.
17．What does the phrase “break down” mean in Paragraph3
A．扇滑 B．失效 C．分解 D．以……为食
18．Where did some arts farm fungi according to Paragraph 4
A．On small asteroids. B．In their homes.
C．In the forest. D．Under the water.
19．What do ants do to protect their Fungi gardens
A．They grow grass in the gardens.
B．They build walls around the gardens.
C．They keep the gardens under the water.
D．They stop bad things from getting close to the gardens.
05
“With the development of the Internet of Things (物联网), chips (芯片) will be everywhere in the future from a cup to a car,” said Bao Yungang, a professor in a famous university. For example, a smart cup will need chips to tell people the temperature of the water in it. A smart lamp will also need chips to help students mark their homework, or warn people when their sitting positions are not correct.
One of the biggest trends (趋势) will be “open source chips”. It means that the designs of chips will be open for others to copy so that new tech companies and researchers can make their own chips more easily.
“The needs for chips will become increasingly diversified (多元化的), but it’s a challenge for companies to make so many chips at a low cost,” Bao said. If more people get important tools, they can design chips based on their specific needs. With open sources, people can also put efforts together to solve common problems.
Another trend will be “chiplets (小芯片)”. Most of the chips today use a single piece of semiconductor die(半导体裸片). But chiplets are much smaller dies. They are designed to be combined (合并) with other chiplets. Put together in different ways, chiplets can form a more powerful chip. “It makes the chip producing more flexible, since you can put chips of different functions together,” said Bao. “It also reduces the time and the costs.”
In the future, the number of devices (设备) connected to the Internet will reach 50 billion at the end of 2030. Meanwhile, it will hopefully lead to a much more convenient, smarter future.
20．Where can chips be used in the future according to the passage
A．In a car. B．In a cup. C．In a lamp. D．Everywhere.
21．What does the underlined word “flexible” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Enjoyable. B．Changeable. C．Colorful. D．Different.
22．How many trends of chips are mentioned in the passage
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
23．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Anyone can design chips perfectly based on their specific needs.
B．It’s easy for companies to make so many chips at a low cost.
C．People can make their own chips more easily without the designs of chips open.
D．50 billion devices will be connected to the Internet worldwide at the end of 2030.
24．What is the main idea of the passage
A．How people will use chips in the future.
B．Chips will change the way we live.
C．Chips will change everything in the future.
D．What the chip industry will look like in the future.
06
It is really wonderful to see 1.5 million wildebeest (角马) leave their home in south Serengeti and travel north every year. For the following months, they will always travel in a great circle with other animals. This is the longest and largest migration (迁徙), the Serengeti migration.
It is dangerous but they have to. For them, home is in Tanzania. From December to April, they live there because there is lots of grass and water. Then the youth are born during the same three weeks. Surprisingly, they are ready to run only a few minutes later, because hundreds of animals are waiting for them. In April, it is getting hot in the south. The “long” rains in the west usually bring a lot of water and the animals know that it is time to leave. In June, most of them cross their first big river, to the north to live. The water is not very deep, and the animals cross quickly, because they are in danger from crocodiles. After this is the most dangerous place of all. The animals need to cross a big, deep river, to reach the Masai Mara for food in August and September. The large Nile crocodiles are waiting for them in the water, and the wildebeest and other animals wait, too. Then thousands of animals suddenly run into the water and begin to swim. Many of them crash into each other, hurt. But most animals get across. They stay in the north until October or November, and then travel home, where they will stay until April, when the great Serengeti migration begins again.
Click here to know more about it.
25．What is the wonderful thing to see in the first paragraph
A．A great circle. B．The longest river.
C．The Serengeti migration D．Many beautiful wildebeest.
26．Why do these animals migrate in great danger according to the text
A．To continue to live. B．To enjoy themselves.
C．To leave their home. D．To swim in the river.
27．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．The result of the animals’ behavior. B．The process of the animals’ travelling
C．The beginning of the animals’ moving. D．The importance of the animals’ travelling.
28．Where is the text probably taken from
A．From a newspaper.
B．From a storybook.
C．From a magazine.
D．From a website.
07
How many people are there on Earth, or what is the world’s population It was 8 billion (十亿) in November 2022, from the United Nations Population Division (U. N. P. D．联合国人口司). That’s a super big number, isn’t it But how did they arrive at it Did they count all of us one by one
Well, that number is only an estimate (估算). We can’t know correctly how many people are alive at any given time. To make this estimate, the U. N. P. D．must collect information from many different places. However, not all the information is correct. For example, some countries haven’t done a census (人口普查) for ten years or more. And what about places where there’s war It’s just impossible to count people there!
Even with imperfect information, the U. N. P. D．can still work out how the world’s population changes over time. But the scientists don’t just work once and call it a day. Instead, they check their estimate every five years with new information.
At www. worldometers. info/world-population, you can watch the world population clock. But the clock doesn’t really tick every time someone is born or dies. Instead, it uses all the information to estimate how much the population will grow next year. Because the population is always growing, and a clock that only changes once a year would be boring. So, the clock breaks the yearly growth into smaller parts for each second. This makes it tick all the time.
29．How does the writer introduce the topic
A．By telling a story. B．By using a saying.
C．By asking questions. D．By giving examples.
30．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2
A．Reasons of doing population censuses.
B．Ways of collecting population information.
C．Challenges of getting a correct population number.
D．Importance of counting people in different countries.
31．How often do scientists check their population estimate
A．Every day. B．Every month. C．Every five years. D．Every ten years.
32．Why does the world population clock tick all the time
A．To show the population is always changing.
B．To break the monthly growth into smaller parts.
C．To show how many people are alive right now.
D．To correct mistakes in the population numbers.
33．In which part of a magazine can we read this passage
A．Health B．Fashion C．Travel D．Science
08
“You are going to enter the largest wild (野生的) seed (种子) bank in the world,” said Sharon Balding. She is the Seed Collections manager at the Millennium Seed Bank (MSB). This seed bank is in Sussex, U. K. “Inside there are over 39,000 different kinds of seeds from more than 100 countries. That’s over 2.8 billion seeds,” Sharon said. She turned a key, and the heavy door slowly opened.
Inside the MSB, there are many glass bottles with seeds. The bottles are named with numbers, not plant names. “This is for safety,” Sharon said. “If someone takes the seeds away, he won’t know what they are!” So, is the collection worth a lot of money “It’s invaluable,” said Sharon. “Our future life rests on these seeds. Without them, we could lose important things, like food and medicines.”
Some seeds here have already helped. For example, in early 2020, fires in Australia burned down the natural environment of a special plant. The MSB sent 250 seeds back to the country to help the plant reestablish in the wild again.
As the world gets warmer because of climate change (气候变化), it will be harder for some plants to live in the U. K. “One day it may be too warm for some of the UK’s trees to grow,” said Owen Blake. He is part of the U. K. Tree Seed Collecting Team. “So we are looking for and studying trees from other parts of the world. Some of these trees can grow in the warmer U. K. climate,” he said.
34．What can we know about the MSB in paragraph 1
A．It only has seeds from the U. K. B．It has less than 2.8 billion seeds.
C．It has more than 390,000 kinds of seeds. D．It is the largest wild seed bank in the world.
35．Why are the bottles named with numbers, not plant names
A．To protect the seeds. B．To find the seeds easily.
C．To show the value of the seeds. D．To tell how many seeds there are.
36．What does the underlined word “reestablish” probably mean
A．Take off. B．Get up. C．Grow back. D．Run away.
37．What is Owen working on according to paragraph 4
A．Planting trees in colder areas in U. K. B．Working hard to stop climate change in U. K.
C．Finding nice places for plants to grow in U. K. D．Looking for trees that can grow in the warmer U. K.
38．What is the best title for the passage
A．Seeds for a Safer Future. B．Solutions for Climate Change.
C．A Trip to the Millennium Seed Bank. D．Scientists in Tree Seed Collecting Team.
09
Can you believe everything you see Not always! Sometimes our minds and our eyes make mistakes and get confused (困惑的). This may be because we are looking at an optical illusion. Here optical means “related to sight”—the way we see things. An illusion is something that looks different from the way it really is. In short, an optical illusion is a trick that our eyes play on us.
Look at these optical illusions and compare what you see with what your classmates see. The way we see things is often personal, so not everyone will see things the same way.
1. Are the lines straight
At a first look, most people say “No”. But if you compare the lines against object with a ruler, you’ll see otherwise. The small circles in the square help create the illusion.
2. Is it white
Square 1 is clearly gray. But what about Square 2 Is it white Is it light gray You may not believe it, but Squares 1 and 2 are exactly the same color. Your eyes see the colors. but your brain notices the shadow (阴影) made by the apple. It therefore decides that the square in the shadow is a lighter color than it really is.
3. Are the circles moving
If you look closely at this picture, the circles may appear to move. Of course, this is impossible. How can a picture move When we see circle-in-circle shapes, like in car wheels, they are usually moving. Our brains are used to seeing these shapes move. When our eyes see this shape, our mind decides that the image is moving. Other scientists believe the illusion of movement is caused by the movements of our eyes as we look at the different colors and patterns of the picture.
39．What is the main purpose of the reading
A．To describe how human eyes work.
B．to give examples of everyday optical illusions.
C．to tell us there are optical illusions in our daily life.
D．to explain what optical illusions are and give some examples.
40．What causes optical illusion 1
A．The size of the squares. B．The color of the lines.
C．The circles inside the squares. D．The lines against object with a straight line.
41．What causes optical illusion 2
A．The shadow in the image. B．The color of the apple.
C．The position of the square. D．The number of squares in the picture.
42．Which of these is an optical illusion
A．Thinking of a picture in your mind.
B．Hearing a voice in your head that isn’t there.
C．Seeing water on a road when it’s not really there.
D．Looking up at a strange cloud and noticing its shape.
10
Which is the happiest day of a week Saturday or Sunday And which is the worst (最糟糕的) day Is it Monday On Mondays everyone goes back to school or work.
Two teachers in the USA did research (研究) about the happiest and worst days of a week. Peter Dodds and Chris Danforth studied 10,000,000 sentences on social media. All of them have the words “I feel” or “I’m feeling”. Then, the teachers had a way of giving scores (分数) for words, between 1 and 9. Words like “excited” and “relaxed” could get high scores (6-9), but scores for words like “bad” and “terrible” were low (1-3). At last, they used these numbers to know which is the happiest day of the week. The research shows that Sunday is the happiest day. On that day, people think and write about the fun things they do on Saturday. Monday is also a happy day because people still remember their weekends. And the worst day of the week for most people is Wednesday. There are still two days for work before the weekend.
The research finds another surprising fact: people between 45 and 60 are the happiest people online, but the unhappiest group is students in junior high.
43．How does the writer begin the passage
A．By telling a story. B．By asking questions. C．By giving numbers. D．By talking about a picture.
44．Which of the following shows people’s feelings in a week
A． B．
C． D．
45．Who may be the happiest online according to the research
A．A junior high student.
B．A fifty-year-old man.
C．An American teacher.
D．A primary school student.
46．What’s the passage mainly about
A．People’s feelings on social media.
B．Two hard-working American teachers.
C．The happiest and worst days of a week.
D．Students’ different feelings about study.
参考答案
1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在珠海举办的第十五届中国国际航空航天展览会。
1．细节理解题。根据“The 15th China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition, China’s biggest air show, opened to the public in Zhuhai, Guangdong province, on November 12, 2024.”可知，展览会在珠海举行。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据“One of the most exciting things at the exhibition was the uncovering of China’s new military technology. For example, China’s own J-20S fighter jet was shown in public at the first time.”和“The J-20S is an improvement from China’s previous J-20 fighter jet.”和“The exhibition was not just about showing off new technology.”可知，歼20S战斗机显示了中国军事实力的提高。故选D。
3．词句猜测题。根据“For example, China’s own J-20S fighter jet was shown in public at the first time.”可知，展会展示了中国的新军事技术。划线单词意思为“展示”，与选项B“发现被保密的事物的行为。”意思相近。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“It was also a chance for companies from around the world to come together and learn from each other. Many important deals were made during the event”可知，来自世界各地的公司来展会是为了达成交易和相互学习。故选D。
5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了2024年在珠海举办的航空展览。故选C。
6．A 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了介绍了三个考古发现，考古学家通过不同的考古发现来揭示古代中国的秘密。
6．细节理解题。根据“In 1959, the 72-year-old archaeologist went to Erlitou, Henan province. There, he worked with his team and found some tombs, bronze wares (青铜器) and remains of houses. They may belong to the Xia Dynasty.”可知，二里头的墓葬可能属于夏朝。故选A。
7．细节理解题。根据“In 1929, a farmer in Sichuan was digging a well. … The objects found in Sanxingdui look strange.”可知，三星堆是于1929年被发现的。故选A。
8．细节理解题。根据“In 1987, some Chinese archaeologists found an old ship in the South China Sea. The archaeologists dove into the water and found many beautiful porcelain objects in the ship. …People call it Nanhai One”可知，“南海一号”上有许多漂亮的瓷器。故选C。
9．细节理解题。根据“In 1929, a farmer in Sichuan was digging a well. He was surprised to find some jade (玉). …The objects found in Sanxingdui look strange.”可知，三星堆是偶然发现的。故选C。
10．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了介绍了三个考古发现，考古学家通过不同的考古发现来揭示古代中国的秘密，因此可能来自“文化和历史”。故选D。
11．B 12．D 13．D 14．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家借助卫星图像发现了位于南极洲的四个新的帝企鹅群落。然而，这四个新发现的群落并没有使企鹅的整体数量发生太大的变化。随着全球气候变暖，企鹅不得不进行迁移以找到更合适的栖息地。
11．主旨大意题。根据“So some penguins are moving away from their old colonies to find more stable (稳定的) sea ice.”可知，第二段主要讲述了为什么有些企鹅要离开它们的旧聚居地去寻找更稳定的海冰。因此，B选项“为什么企鹅试图离开危险的冰面”符合题意。故选B。
12．推理判断题。根据“Daniel Zitterbart is a penguin researcher. He said that it is unclear if the new groups broke away from the larger colonies. He added that the places where the penguins breeding are changing. As the world gets warmer, more ‘penguins will be on the move’.”可知，Daniel Zitterbart认为企鹅的繁殖地点正在发生变化，随着世界变暖，更多的企鹅将会“迁徙”，这表明他认为高温正在影响企鹅，因此他可能会同意D选项的观点，即“高温正在影响企鹅”。故选D。
13．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了科学家发现了四个新的帝企鹅聚居地，以及相关的背景信息，因此D选项“科学家发现四个新的企鹅聚居地”最符合文章主旨。故选D。
14．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了科学家发现帝企鹅新聚居地的情况，以及帝企鹅的生活习性和面临的生存环境问题，属于自然科学的范畴，因此最有可能来自“Nature and Science”杂志的部分。故选C。
15．D 16．C 17．C 18．B 19．D
【导语】本文讲述了蚂蚁在约6600万年前由于小行星撞击地球导致食物短缺时，开始通过在巢穴中种植真菌来获取食物的故事。
15．细节理解题。根据“After an asteroid (小行星) hit Earth 66 million years ago, says the study, many plants and animals died. Ants didn’t have enough food. They turned to fungi for food.”可知，蚂蚁在6600万年前开始以真菌为食。故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据“They break down dead plants and animals.”可知，真菌通过分解死亡的植物和动物获取食物。故选C。
17．词义猜测题。根据“dead plants and animals. So there was a lot of food for fungi at the time.”可知，菌通过分解死亡的植物和动物获取食物，所以“break down”是指分解。故选C。
18．细节理解题。根据“Ants started farming fungi in their nests (渠).” 可知，蚂蚁在它们的巢穴中种植真菌。故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据“They also keep bad things away from the fungi so that they can grow better.” 可知，蚂蚁阻止坏东西靠近花园。故选D。
20．D 21．B 22．B 23．D 24．D
【导语】本文介绍了芯片产业未来的发展趋势。
20．细节理解题。根据第一段中“With the development of the Internet of Things (物联网), chips (芯片) will be everywhere in the future from a cup to a car,”可知，未来芯片可以用在每个地方。故选D。
21．词句猜测题。根据下文“since you can put chips of different functions together”可知，可以将不同功能的芯片放在一起，使得芯片生产更加灵活，因此划线词“flexible”意为“灵活的”，与“changeable”意思相近。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“One of the biggest trends (趋势) will be ‘open source chips’.”和“Another trend will be ‘chiplets’(小芯片)”可知，文中提到了芯片的两种发展趋势。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In the future, the number of devices (设备) connected to the Internet will reach 50 billion at the end of 2030.”可知，到2030年底，全球将有500亿台设备连接到互联网。故选D。
24．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了芯片产业未来的发展趋势，选项D“未来的芯片产业会是什么样子”最符合文章主题。故选D。
25．C 26．A 27．B 28．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了塞伦盖蒂南部角马的迁徙。
25．细节理解题。根据“It is really wonderful to see 1.5 million wildebeest (角马) leave their home in south Serengeti and travel north every year.”及“This is the longest and largest migration (迁徙), the Serengeti migration.” 可知第一段介绍塞伦盖蒂南部角马的迁徙。故选C。
26．推理判断题。根据“It is dangerous but they have to.”、“From December to April, they live there because there is lots of grass and water.”、“In April, it is getting hot in the south. The ‘long’ rains in the west usually bring a lot of water and the animals know that it is time to leave.”及“ In June, most of them cross their first big river, to the north to live.”可知这些动物在巨大的危险中迁徙是为了继续生活。故选A。
27．细节理解题。通读第二段可知，主要讲了动物在不同的时间内进行迁徙的过程，即“动物旅行的过程”，故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据“Click here to know more about it.”可知文章可能来自网站。故选D。
29．C 30．C 31．C 32．A 33．D
【导语】本文讨论了地球现有人口的估算方法以及这些数据的可靠性，提到了联合国人口司如何收集信息并定期更新估算。此外，还介绍了世界人口时钟是如何通过利用更新的信息来估计人大变化的。结合文章的多个方面，得出其主要是介绍世界人口估算和更新的信息方法与过程。
29．细节理解题。根据“How many people are there on Earth, or what is the world’s population ”可知，本句是一个疑问句，作者通过问题来引入话题，这是通过提问的方式进行介绍。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据“Well, that number is only an estimate. We can’t know correctly how many people are alive at any given time.”以及“However, not all the information is correct. some countries haven’t done a census for ten years or more. And what about places where there’s war It’s just impossible to count people there!”可知，第二段谈论的是统计世界人口面临的各种挑战，如信息不准确，有些国家长期未进行人口普查，以及战乱地区难以统计人口数据。因此说要得到准确的人口数字，是一个挑战。故选C。
31．细节理解题。根据“Instead, they check their estimate every five years with new information.”可知，科学家每五年核实一次他们的人口估计数据。故选C。
32．细节理解题。根据“Because the population is always growing, and a clock that only changes once a year would be boring. So, the clock breaks the yearly growth into smaller parts for each second. This makes it tick all the time.”可知，文中提到人口时钟一直在走，是因为全球人口在不断增长和变化，目的是展示这种持续的变化。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据全文内容可知，文中涉及到关于人口统计的科学方法和对人口估算的分析，因此适合刊登在科学类杂志上。故选D。
34．D 35．A 36．C 37．D 38．A
【导语】本文介绍了世界上最大的野生种子库MSB，收藏的种子对人类未来生活至关重要，可用于重建被破坏的植物环境以及应对气候变化对英国本土植物的影响。
34．细节理解题。根据“You are going to enter the largest wild (野生的) seed (种子) bank in the world”可知MSB是世界上最大的野生种子库。故选D。
35．细节理解题。根据“Inside the MSB, there are many glass bottles with seeds. The bottles are named with numbers, not plant names. ‘This is for safety,’”可知瓶子是用数字命名的，而不是植物名称，这是为了安全考虑，即保护种子。故选A。
36．词义猜测题。根据“The MSB sent 250 seeds back to the country to help the plant reestablish in the wild again.”可知MSB将250颗种子送回该国，以帮助该植物再次在野外重新长出来，故此处划线部分意为“重新长出来”，和grow back意义相近。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据“So we are looking for and studying trees from other parts of the world. Some of these trees can grow in the warmer U. K. climate”可知他们正在寻找和研究世界其他地区的树木，这些树中的一些可以生长在英国较温暖的气候中。故选D。
38．最佳标题题。本文介绍了世界上最大的野生种子库MSB，收藏的种子对人类未来生活至关重要，可用于重建被破坏的植物环境以及应对气候变化对英国本土植物的影响，以选项A“为更安全的未来播下种子”为标题最合适。故选A。
39．D 40．C 41．A 42．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过详细解释光学错觉的定义，并列举了三个具体的例子来说明光学错觉是如何产生的。
39．推理判断题。通读文章，并根据第一段中的“Not always! Sometimes our minds and our eyes make mistakes and get confused. This may be because we are looking at an optical illusion.”可知，文章主要解释了什么是光学错觉，并通过三个具体的例子来说明光学错觉是如何产生的。所以文章的主旨大意是解释什么是光学错觉，并给出一些例子。故选D。
40．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The small circles in the square help create the illusion.”可知，第一个光学错觉产生的原因是正方形里的小圆圈。故选C。
41．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Your eyes see the colors. but your brain notices the shadow (阴影) made by the apple. It therefore decides that the square in the shadow is a lighter color than it really is.”可知，第二个光学错觉产生的原因是图片中的阴影。故选A。
42．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Not always! Sometimes our minds and our eyes make mistakes and get confused. This may be because we are looking at an optical illusion.”可知，光学错觉是一种看起来与实际情况不同的视觉现象。C项“Seeing water on a road when it’s not really there.(在路上看到水，而实际上并没有。)”符合光学错觉的定义，即一种看起来与实际情况不同的视觉现象。故选C。
43．B 44．D 45．B 46．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了美国两位教师通过研究社交媒体上的句子，分析出一周中最幸福和最糟糕的日子。
43．细节理解题。根据“Which is the happiest day of a week Saturday or Sunday And which is the worst (最糟糕的) day Is it Monday ”可知，作者是通过提问的方式开始这篇文章的。故选B。
44．细节理解题。根据“The research shows that Sunday is the happiest day...And the worst day of the week for most people is Wednesday”可知，研究表明，星期天是最快乐的一天，一周中最糟糕的一天是周三，故周三在最低点，周天在最高点。故选D。
45．细节理解题。根据“people between 45 and 60 are the happiest people online, but the unhappiest group is students in junior high.”可知，45岁到60岁的人在网上最快乐，但最不快乐的群体是初中生。故选项B“一名五十岁的男人”可能最开心。故选B。
46．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了美国两位教师通过研究社交媒体上的句子，分析出一周中最幸福和最糟糕的日子。故选C。/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
05 科普知识
2024 年科普知识热点背景呈现出多领域、多维度的特点：嫦娥六号 “奔月” 备受关注，作为世界首次从月背 “挖土” 回来的航天任务，激发了大众对宇宙探索的热情，让人们对月球及宇宙的奥秘有了更多好奇，也体现了我国在航天领域的巨大进步。
新能源汽车、数字人、人工智能 AI 等前沿科技快速发展与应用。新能源汽车引领出行的绿色、智能变革；数字人、人工智能 AI 等技术不断突破，在多个领域的应用前景广阔，引发大众对未来科技生活的想象与探讨。
当代年轻人逐渐跳出朋克养生怪圈，新中式养生受到追捧。利好政策使榴梿进口国数量增加，人们研究榴梿花样吃法；辅酶 q10、维生素 b12、叶酸等保健品相关词条搜索指数环比增长，反映出人们对健康养生知识的需求。在拒绝情绪内耗、反对 pua、反对内卷的社会潮流下，大众愈发关注自我情绪保护，重视心理健康。mbti 成为年轻人的 “社交货币”，马斯洛需求层次理论、讨好型人格等心理学相关词汇也备受关注。
题型 主要内容
1 阅读理解 介绍了在珠海举办的第十五届中国国际航空航天展览会。
2 阅读理解 介绍了三个考古发现，考古学家通过不同的考古发现来揭示古代中国的秘密。
3 阅读理解 介绍了科学家借助卫星图像发现了位于南极洲的四个新的帝企鹅群落。然而，这四个新发现的群落并没有使企鹅的整体数量发生太大的变化。随着全球气候变暖，企鹅不得不进行迁移以找到更合适的栖息地。
4 阅读理解 讲述了蚂蚁在约6600万年前由于小行星撞击地球导致食物短缺时，开始通过在巢穴中种植真菌来获取食物的故事。
5 阅读理解 介绍了芯片产业未来的发展趋势。
6 阅读理解 介绍了塞伦盖蒂南部角马的迁徙。
7 阅读理解 讨论了地球现有人口的估算方法以及这些数据的可靠性，提到了联合国人口司如何收集信息并定期更新估算。此外，还介绍了世界人口时钟是如何通过利用更新的信息来估计人大变化的。结合文章的多个方面，得出其主要是介绍世界人口估算和更新的信息方法与过程。
8 阅读理解 介绍了世界上最大的野生种子库MSB，收藏的种子对人类未来生活至关重要，可用于重建被破坏的植物环境以及应对气候变化对英国本土植物的影响。
9 阅读理解 文章通过详细解释光学错觉的定义，并列举了三个具体的例子来说明光学错觉是如何产生的。
10 阅读理解 讲述了美国两位教师通过研究社交媒体上的句子，分析出一周中最幸福和最糟糕的日子。
01
①The 15th China International Aviation and Aerospace Exhibition, China’s biggest air show, opened to the public in Zhuhai, Guangdong province, on November 12, 2024. This amazing event attracted over 1,000 companies from 47 countries and regions, showing the latest advancements in military (军事的) technology.
②One of the most exciting things at the exhibition was the uncovering of China’s new military technology. For example, China’s own J-20S fighter jet (歼20战斗机) was shown in public at the first time. This is a new type of stealth (隐形的) fighter jet that can fly long distances and carry out many different tasks. It is also a double-seater, which means it has two seats for the pilots, making it even more powerful and flexible (灵活的).
③The J-20S is an improvement from China’s previous J-20 fighter jet. It is designed to be even more stealthy, with special materials that reduce its radar signature (雷达信号). It also has new electronic warfare (作战) systems, missiles, and radar, which make it better at finding and attacking enemy targets. The J-20S can fly very fast and move around easily, thanks to its new wing and tail designs, as well as a new type of engine.
④Besides the J-20S, China also showed many other amazing aircraft and weapons at the exhibition. There were drones that can fly high in the sky, unmanned boats that can sail on the ocean, and even the lunar samples that Chang’e-6 collected from the far side of the moon.
⑤The exhibition was not just about showing off new technology. It was also a chance for companies from around the world to come together and learn from each other. Many important deals were made during the event, including a big order for 130 new Chinese-made passenger planes (客机).
1．Where was the exhibition held
A．In Beijing. B．In Chengdu. C．In Zhuhai. D．In Guangzhou.
2．What can we infer from the passage about the J-20S fighter jet
A．It is designed for short-distance flights.
B．It has few abilities in finding enemy targets.
C．It is mainly used for transporting passengers.
D．It shows improvements in China’s military power.
3．What does the underlined word “uncovering” mean in the passage
uncovering [ n k v r ] n.
A．The act of making a choice or judgement about something.
B．The act of finding out about something that has been kept secret.
C．The act of making something happen in a particular way, or have a particular result.
D．The act of succeeding in doing something difficult, especially after trying very hard.
4．Companies around the world come to the exhibition so as to ________.
A．show off the new technology B．see and buy the lunar samples
C．enjoy the performance of the J-20S D．make deals and learn from each other
5．What’s the best title of the passage
A．The Improvement of J-20S. B．The Deals in Zhuhai Air Show 2024.
C．Zhuhai Air Show 2024: New Heights. D．Strongest Military Technologies in the World.
02
What’s the earliest dynasty (朝代) of China The answer is the Xia Dynasty. It was about 4,000 years ago. But for a long time, we couldn’t find anything that people built during the dynasty. So many people didn’t believe it actually existed.
An archaeologist (考古学家) named Xu Xusheng believed the dynasty was real. He studied lots of history books and maps. In 1959, the 72-year-old archaeologist went to Erlitou, Henan province. There, he worked with his team and found some tombs, bronze wares (青铜器) and remains of houses. They may belong to the Xia Dynasty. They show us what the “earliest China” looked like.
In 1929, a farmer in Sichuan was digging a well. He was surprised to find some jade (玉). Archaeologists then came and searched the area. In the following years, they found thousands of jade, bronze and gold objects. These objects were from the ancient Shu Kingdom. It was about 5,000 years ago.
The objects found in Sanxingdui look strange. This bronze tree is about 4 meters tall. There are bronze birds and dragons on it. Wow, the bronze mask (面具) is so huge. Who could wear it
Archaeologists not only work underground, but also dive into the sea. In 1987, some Chinese archaeologists found an old ship in the South China Sea. The archaeologists dove into the water and found many beautiful porcelain objects in the ship. It was a trade ship from the Song Dynasty. It was going to take Chinese goods to other countries. But for some reason, it sank (沉没) into the sea. It is the biggest underwater discovery in China. People call it Nanhai One because it’s a new start for Chinese archaeology.
Deep water is dangerous. The archaeologists have to take heavy tools such as oxygen bottles and sonar (声波定位仪). They can weigh as much as 50 kg!
6．According to the passage, the tombs in Erlitou may belong to ________.
A．Xia Dynasty B．Shu Kingdom C．Song Dynasty D．Shang Dynasty
7．When was Sanxingdui found
A．In 1929. B．In 1959. C．In 1987. D．In 2024.
8．What could be found in Nanhai One
A． B． C． D．
9．After reading the passage, which statement is TRUE
A．Xia Dynasty isn’t actually existed. B．It is easy to do research underwater.
C．Sanxingdui was discovered by accident. D．Nanhai One took goods from other countries.
10．Where is this passage from
A．School Life. B．Music Zone. C．Science Study. D．Culture and History.
03
Scientists have found four groups of emperor penguins in Antarctica with new satellite images (卫星图像). These groups, called “colonies”, are all small with less than 1,000 pairs of penguins.
Emperor penguins are the world’s largest sea birds that cannot fly but can swim. However, the number of them has dropped and they live in fewer areas than before. The penguins raise their babies on frozen sea ice during the winter. If the ice breaks up before the babies grow up, many of the babies might die. So some penguins are moving away from their old colonies to find more stable (稳定的) sea ice.
Peter Fretwell, a researcher at the British Antarctic Survey, said that conditions at one colony had become more dangerous since 2016. As a result, the colony near Halley Bay seems to have moved about 30 kilometers east. The four new colonies may have been around for years, but scientists have just recently seen them. Though the four newly found colonies do not change the population for the birds a lot, Fretwell said the fact that one of the colonies moved helps scientists to understand where the birds are going.
Daniel Zitterbart is a penguin researcher. He said that it is unclear if the new groups broke away from the larger colonies. He added that the places where the penguins breeding are changing. As the world gets warmer, more “penguins will be on the move”.
11．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．Which living condition penguins prefer.
B．Why penguins try to leave dangerous ice.
C．What scientists have learned about penguins.
D．How penguins raise babies on sea ice in winter.
12．Which of the following will Zitterbart probably agree with
A．The new groups surely come from larger colonies.
B．Penguins are used to breeding in the same places.
C．The warm world is really helpful to the penguins.
D．The higher temperature is influencing the penguins.
13．What does the text mainly tell us
A．We need to care more about penguins.
B．We should stop penguins from moving.
C．Scientists are working to save penguins.
D．Scientists find four new penguin colonies.
14．Which part of a magazine is the text probably taken from
A．Talk with Scientists. B．Story Time.
C．Nature and Science. D．Culture and Travel.
04
It’s said that people started farming about 11,700 years ago. But there is a much older “farmer”—the ants. Ants started farming fungi (真菌) millions of years ago, according to a study in Science.
After an asteroid (小行星) hit Earth 66 million years ago, says the study, many plants and animals died. Ants didn’t have enough food. They turned to fungi for food.
Fungi are tiny (极小的) living things. They break down dead plants and animals. So there was a lot of food for fungi at the time.
Ants started farming fungi in their nests (巢). They fed the fungi dead leaves so that the fungi could grow. Then they are the fungi.
Today, some ants will do fungi farming. Scientists find around 250 kinds of ants throughout the Americas build Fungi gardens. The ants weed (除草) and water the gardens. They also keep bad things away from the fungi so that they can grow better.
15．According to the study, when did some ants start eating fungi
A．1,000 years ago. B．1,700 years ago.
C．11,700 years ago. D．66 million years ago.
16．How do fungi get food
A．By farming ants. B．By growing new plants.
C．By breaking down dead things. D．By building nests on the ground.
17．What does the phrase “break down” mean in Paragraph3
A．扇滑 B．失效 C．分解 D．以……为食
18．Where did some arts farm fungi according to Paragraph 4
A．On small asteroids. B．In their homes.
C．In the forest. D．Under the water.
19．What do ants do to protect their Fungi gardens
A．They grow grass in the gardens.
B．They build walls around the gardens.
C．They keep the gardens under the water.
D．They stop bad things from getting close to the gardens.
05
“With the development of the Internet of Things (物联网), chips (芯片) will be everywhere in the future from a cup to a car,” said Bao Yungang, a professor in a famous university. For example, a smart cup will need chips to tell people the temperature of the water in it. A smart lamp will also need chips to help students mark their homework, or warn people when their sitting positions are not correct.
One of the biggest trends (趋势) will be “open source chips”. It means that the designs of chips will be open for others to copy so that new tech companies and researchers can make their own chips more easily.
“The needs for chips will become increasingly diversified (多元化的), but it’s a challenge for companies to make so many chips at a low cost,” Bao said. If more people get important tools, they can design chips based on their specific needs. With open sources, people can also put efforts together to solve common problems.
Another trend will be “chiplets (小芯片)”. Most of the chips today use a single piece of semiconductor die(半导体裸片). But chiplets are much smaller dies. They are designed to be combined (合并) with other chiplets. Put together in different ways, chiplets can form a more powerful chip. “It makes the chip producing more flexible, since you can put chips of different functions together,” said Bao. “It also reduces the time and the costs.”
In the future, the number of devices (设备) connected to the Internet will reach 50 billion at the end of 2030. Meanwhile, it will hopefully lead to a much more convenient, smarter future.
20．Where can chips be used in the future according to the passage
A．In a car. B．In a cup. C．In a lamp. D．Everywhere.
21．What does the underlined word “flexible” in Paragraph 4 mean
A．Enjoyable. B．Changeable. C．Colorful. D．Different.
22．How many trends of chips are mentioned in the passage
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
23．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Anyone can design chips perfectly based on their specific needs.
B．It’s easy for companies to make so many chips at a low cost.
C．People can make their own chips more easily without the designs of chips open.
D．50 billion devices will be connected to the Internet worldwide at the end of 2030.
24．What is the main idea of the passage
A．How people will use chips in the future.
B．Chips will change the way we live.
C．Chips will change everything in the future.
D．What the chip industry will look like in the future.
06
It is really wonderful to see 1.5 million wildebeest (角马) leave their home in south Serengeti and travel north every year. For the following months, they will always travel in a great circle with other animals. This is the longest and largest migration (迁徙), the Serengeti migration.
It is dangerous but they have to. For them, home is in Tanzania. From December to April, they live there because there is lots of grass and water. Then the youth are born during the same three weeks. Surprisingly, they are ready to run only a few minutes later, because hundreds of animals are waiting for them. In April, it is getting hot in the south. The “long” rains in the west usually bring a lot of water and the animals know that it is time to leave. In June, most of them cross their first big river, to the north to live. The water is not very deep, and the animals cross quickly, because they are in danger from crocodiles. After this is the most dangerous place of all. The animals need to cross a big, deep river, to reach the Masai Mara for food in August and September. The large Nile crocodiles are waiting for them in the water, and the wildebeest and other animals wait, too. Then thousands of animals suddenly run into the water and begin to swim. Many of them crash into each other, hurt. But most animals get across. They stay in the north until October or November, and then travel home, where they will stay until April, when the great Serengeti migration begins again.
Click here to know more about it.
25．What is the wonderful thing to see in the first paragraph
A．A great circle. B．The longest river.
C．The Serengeti migration D．Many beautiful wildebeest.
26．Why do these animals migrate in great danger according to the text
A．To continue to live. B．To enjoy themselves.
C．To leave their home. D．To swim in the river.
27．What is the second paragraph mainly about
A．The result of the animals’ behavior. B．The process of the animals’ travelling
C．The beginning of the animals’ moving. D．The importance of the animals’ travelling.
28．Where is the text probably taken from
A．From a newspaper.
B．From a storybook.
C．From a magazine.
D．From a website.
07
How many people are there on Earth, or what is the world’s population It was 8 billion (十亿) in November 2022, from the United Nations Population Division (U. N. P. D．联合国人口司). That’s a super big number, isn’t it But how did they arrive at it Did they count all of us one by one
Well, that number is only an estimate (估算). We can’t know correctly how many people are alive at any given time. To make this estimate, the U. N. P. D．must collect information from many different places. However, not all the information is correct. For example, some countries haven’t done a census (人口普查) for ten years or more. And what about places where there’s war It’s just impossible to count people there!
Even with imperfect information, the U. N. P. D．can still work out how the world’s population changes over time. But the scientists don’t just work once and call it a day. Instead, they check their estimate every five years with new information.
At www. worldometers. info/world-population, you can watch the world population clock. But the clock doesn’t really tick every time someone is born or dies. Instead, it uses all the information to estimate how much the population will grow next year. Because the population is always growing, and a clock that only changes once a year would be boring. So, the clock breaks the yearly growth into smaller parts for each second. This makes it tick all the time.
29．How does the writer introduce the topic
A．By telling a story. B．By using a saying.
C．By asking questions. D．By giving examples.
30．What is the main idea of Paragraph 2
A．Reasons of doing population censuses.
B．Ways of collecting population information.
C．Challenges of getting a correct population number.
D．Importance of counting people in different countries.
31．How often do scientists check their population estimate
A．Every day. B．Every month. C．Every five years. D．Every ten years.
32．Why does the world population clock tick all the time
A．To show the population is always changing.
B．To break the monthly growth into smaller parts.
C．To show how many people are alive right now.
D．To correct mistakes in the population numbers.
33．In which part of a magazine can we read this passage
A．Health B．Fashion C．Travel D．Science
08
“You are going to enter the largest wild (野生的) seed (种子) bank in the world,” said Sharon Balding. She is the Seed Collections manager at the Millennium Seed Bank (MSB). This seed bank is in Sussex, U. K. “Inside there are over 39,000 different kinds of seeds from more than 100 countries. That’s over 2.8 billion seeds,” Sharon said. She turned a key, and the heavy door slowly opened.
Inside the MSB, there are many glass bottles with seeds. The bottles are named with numbers, not plant names. “This is for safety,” Sharon said. “If someone takes the seeds away, he won’t know what they are!” So, is the collection worth a lot of money “It’s invaluable,” said Sharon. “Our future life rests on these seeds. Without them, we could lose important things, like food and medicines.”
Some seeds here have already helped. For example, in early 2020, fires in Australia burned down the natural environment of a special plant. The MSB sent 250 seeds back to the country to help the plant reestablish in the wild again.
As the world gets warmer because of climate change (气候变化), it will be harder for some plants to live in the U. K. “One day it may be too warm for some of the UK’s trees to grow,” said Owen Blake. He is part of the U. K. Tree Seed Collecting Team. “So we are looking for and studying trees from other parts of the world. Some of these trees can grow in the warmer U. K. climate,” he said.
34．What can we know about the MSB in paragraph 1
A．It only has seeds from the U. K. B．It has less than 2.8 billion seeds.
C．It has more than 390,000 kinds of seeds. D．It is the largest wild seed bank in the world.
35．Why are the bottles named with numbers, not plant names
A．To protect the seeds. B．To find the seeds easily.
C．To show the value of the seeds. D．To tell how many seeds there are.
36．What does the underlined word “reestablish” probably mean
A．Take off. B．Get up. C．Grow back. D．Run away.
37．What is Owen working on according to paragraph 4
A．Planting trees in colder areas in U. K. B．Working hard to stop climate change in U. K.
C．Finding nice places for plants to grow in U. K. D．Looking for trees that can grow in the warmer U. K.
38．What is the best title for the passage
A．Seeds for a Safer Future. B．Solutions for Climate Change.
C．A Trip to the Millennium Seed Bank. D．Scientists in Tree Seed Collecting Team.
09
Can you believe everything you see Not always! Sometimes our minds and our eyes make mistakes and get confused (困惑的). This may be because we are looking at an optical illusion. Here optical means “related to sight”—the way we see things. An illusion is something that looks different from the way it really is. In short, an optical illusion is a trick that our eyes play on us.
Look at these optical illusions and compare what you see with what your classmates see. The way we see things is often personal, so not everyone will see things the same way.
1. Are the lines straight
At a first look, most people say “No”. But if you compare the lines against object with a ruler, you’ll see otherwise. The small circles in the square help create the illusion.
2. Is it white
Square 1 is clearly gray. But what about Square 2 Is it white Is it light gray You may not believe it, but Squares 1 and 2 are exactly the same color. Your eyes see the colors. but your brain notices the shadow (阴影) made by the apple. It therefore decides that the square in the shadow is a lighter color than it really is.
3. Are the circles moving
If you look closely at this picture, the circles may appear to move. Of course, this is impossible. How can a picture move When we see circle-in-circle shapes, like in car wheels, they are usually moving. Our brains are used to seeing these shapes move. When our eyes see this shape, our mind decides that the image is moving. Other scientists believe the illusion of movement is caused by the movements of our eyes as we look at the different colors and patterns of the picture.
39．What is the main purpose of the reading
A．To describe how human eyes work.
B．to give examples of everyday optical illusions.
C．to tell us there are optical illusions in our daily life.
D．to explain what optical illusions are and give some examples.
40．What causes optical illusion 1
A．The size of the squares. B．The color of the lines.
C．The circles inside the squares. D．The lines against object with a straight line.
41．What causes optical illusion 2
A．The shadow in the image. B．The color of the apple.
C．The position of the square. D．The number of squares in the picture.
42．Which of these is an optical illusion
A．Thinking of a picture in your mind.
B．Hearing a voice in your head that isn’t there.
C．Seeing water on a road when it’s not really there.
D．Looking up at a strange cloud and noticing its shape.
10
Which is the happiest day of a week Saturday or Sunday And which is the worst (最糟糕的) day Is it Monday On Mondays everyone goes back to school or work.
Two teachers in the USA did research (研究) about the happiest and worst days of a week. Peter Dodds and Chris Danforth studied 10,000,000 sentences on social media. All of them have the words “I feel” or “I’m feeling”. Then, the teachers had a way of giving scores (分数) for words, between 1 and 9. Words like “excited” and “relaxed” could get high scores (6-9), but scores for words like “bad” and “terrible” were low (1-3). At last, they used these numbers to know which is the happiest day of the week. The research shows that Sunday is the happiest day. On that day, people think and write about the fun things they do on Saturday. Monday is also a happy day because people still remember their weekends. And the worst day of the week for most people is Wednesday. There are still two days for work before the weekend.
The research finds another surprising fact: people between 45 and 60 are the happiest people online, but the unhappiest group is students in junior high.
43．How does the writer begin the passage
A．By telling a story. B．By asking questions. C．By giving numbers. D．By talking about a picture.
44．Which of the following shows people’s feelings in a week
A． B．
C． D．
45．Who may be the happiest online according to the research
A．A junior high student.
B．A fifty-year-old man.
C．An American teacher.
D．A primary school student.
46．What’s the passage mainly about
A．People’s feelings on social media.
B．Two hard-working American teachers.
C．The happiest and worst days of a week.
D．Students’ different feelings about study.
