专题8：阅读理解——2025年四川中考英语高频考点专项分类练习（含答案）

专题8：阅读理解
一、阅读理解
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。
①Have you ever wondered why we can't control those"achoo" moments Welcome to the unusual world of sneezes(打喷嚏). Here is some interesting knowledge about it
②First, it all starts with a tickle(痒). Whether it's dust, pepper, or a simple ray of sunshine as long as your body thinks it might be something harmful, your brain gets a warning that it's time to sneeze. It's like the first sound in a sneezing concert. What's more, a sneeze is like a small pop. It can travel up to 100 miles per hour (160 km per hour)! Imagine your sneeze going past at the speed of a raving can. It's your nose's way of saying," ▲ "
③After a sneeze, we often say"bless you". It's believed to stop you from evil spirits who' re trying to get into your body during a sneeze. So, every bless you' is like a mini exorcism(驱邪) for your nose. Also, one sneeze can start a chain(连锁) reaction. Sneezes are a bit like a kind of illness which can spread from one to another. For example, once one person starts, it's hard for others not to join in. It's the social side of sneezing!
④Finally, did you know that some people else their eyes without thinking anything when they sneeze It's like a built-in part of your body, and scientists aren't sure why it happens.
⑤All in all, after knowing the unusual world of sneezes, we should let it be. The next time you feel a tickle in your nose and the feeling to sneeze, just accept it. It's not just a sneeze. Instead, it's an unusual, uncontrollable performance brought to you by the one and only, your fantastic nose!
1．Which of the following can be put in the" ▲ " in Paragraph 2
A．Clear the way, I'm coming through!
B．Don't worry, it's OK!
C．Take it easy,I will be fine!
D．Pay attention, I'm parking here!
2．Which of the following is TRUE about the sneeze
A．It can travel up to 160 miles per hour.
B．It can truls stop people from evil spirits.
C．It's been studied by scientists secretly.
D．It can spread from one to another easily.
3．What's the writing purpose of this passage
A．To ask people to avoid sneezes.
B．To find out the importance of sneezes.
C．To tell people to sneeze a lot.
D．To introduce sneeze knowledge to people.
4．How is the above passage organized
A． B．
C． D．
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Which would you give a boy for his birthday, a toy truck or a doll If you choose the truck, well,you're not alone. Most people think that some toys are for boys and some are for girls. We might pick building toys or remote-control cars for boys and kitchen toys or dolls for girls. But why do we do this Are boys and girls really born with different interests in toys
No, they are not. Children start to show different interests in toys at age three, but only because at this time, they begin to learn about gender(性别) and to follow what others of their gender do. If you give a girl kitchen toys, she will think they are girls' toys because she sees other girls playing with them. But if you give a girl a toy car and show her a group of girls who are playing with cars, she'll play with the toy car and think it is a girls' toy. This "watch and follow" habit often becomes a rule for both boys and girls in choosing the "right" toys.
However, this rule can be bad for children. Different toys teach children different things. Dolls help with their early language use, and building toys are good for learning math and science. By playing with different toys, children can find out what they are interested in or what they are good at.
If they only play one kind of toy, they may lose this important chance. They may also get a wrong idea about what boys or girls are able to do. Some doctors worry that children may use the same kind of thinking when they look for jobs in the future. If they do, they may miss something more important than just getting a chance to play with different toys. They may miss many, perhaps better, chances in life.
5．What toys are usually considered for girls
A．Building toys. B．Toy cars.
C．Remote control cars. D．Kitchen toys.
6．How does the writer make his idea clear in Paragraph 2
A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers.
C．By showing a picture. D．By telling a story.
7．Why does the writer think "this rule can be bad for children"
A．Children may not want to share their own toys with others
B．Children may have the wrong idea about following rules.
C．Children may miss the chance to find out what they really like
D．Children may not be able to learn from playing with toys.
8．What does the text mainly talk about
A．Not all kinds of toys are actually helpful for kids.
B．Parents should give kids the right toys for their age
C．Kids know their gender from playing with toys.
D．We should not let gender decide the toys for kids
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中选出最佳选项。
The sheepskin raft(羊皮筏子) is about 2,000 years old. It is the oldest ferry along the Yellow River in Northwest China. The airbag of the raft is made of a whole sheepskin. The airbags are fastened (系牢) to a wooden stand.
It is said that the biggest sheepskin raft in old times was made up of over 600 sheepskin airbags. It was 22 meters long and 7 meters wide. It could carry around 30 tons of goods(货物) and run over 200 kilometers in one day, making it as helpful as a steamship.
In the early 20th century, before the 1950s, there were fewer railways and road traffic was difficult. The sheepsk in raft was the most important means of transportation for people living along the Yellow River.
Now people do not need to carry passengers or goods on sheepskin rafts. We can only find them along the Yellow River in cities such as Lanzhou and Baiyin. People use them to carry visitors on the Yellow River for fun and sightseeing.
Today only some of the older rafters still run the traditional sheepsk in rafts. They are inheritors (继承者) and are helping to keep the old craft(手艺) . Young people usually don't want to learn the craft. They like finding other jobs in cities.
9．What does the underlined word"ferry"mean
A．Boat. B．Car. C．Planc. D．Bag
10．Which paragraph talks about the function (功能) of the biggest sheepskin raft
A．Paragraph 1. B．Paragraph 2. C．Paragraph 3. D．Paragraph 4.
11．What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A．When people started to use the shecpskin raft.
B．How people learned to drive the sheepsk in raft
C．Where people made the biggest sheepsk in raft.
D．Why people used the sheepskin raft in the past.
12．Why do some people still use sheepsk in rafts
A．To make visitors have fun.
B．To show the importance of the raft.
C．To carry people across the river.
D．To take goods from one place to another.
阅读下列短文， 从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Lily and Alex were excited as they arrived at the movie studio to see how films were made. They had always loved watching movies, and now they would get a behind-the-scenes look at the making of What ends with you and me.
As they walked through the studio, Lily pointed to a large set(布景). "Look at that! It's where they filmed the flower shop scenes!" she exclaimed. Alex nodded, "I can't believe it's all just a set. It looks so real!"
They met a friendly crew member who explained how the film was shot. "We use different cameras and lights to create the right mood," he said. "For example, we use bright lights for happy scenes and dimmer lights for sad moments."
"Wow, I didn't know that!" Lily replied, her eyes wide with amazement. "How do you get the actors to act so well "
The crew member smiled. "The actors practise a lot. They read the script (剧本) many times and work with the director to understand their characters. For this movie, Belinda Lee plays Penny, and she really connects with the role."
Alex asked, "What about the special effects Are they real "
"Some are real, but many are added later using computers," the crew member explained. "It' s called CGI. It helps create things that aren't possible in real life."
As their tour ended, Lily turned to Alex and said, "This was amazing! I want to learn more about filmmaking."
"Me too! Maybe one day we can make our own movie," Alex replied with a grin. They left the studio inspired and dreaming of their future in film.
13．What were Lily and Alex excited about when they arrived at the movie studio
A．Meeting the actors.
B．Watching the movie What ends with you and me.
C．Seeing how films are made.
D．Visiting a real flower shop.
14．What did Lily point out to Alex during their tour of the studio
A．The dressing room for the actors.
B．The sound studio where music was recorded.
C．The room where special effects were created.
D．The set where the flower shop scenes were filmed.
15．What did the crew member say is used to create the right mood in films
A．Different costumes. B．Different props.
C．Different cameras and lights. D．Different sound effects.
16．How do actors prepare for their roles
A．They read the script many times and work with the director.
B．They read the script only once or twice with the director.
C．They rehearse their lines(台词) every single day with others.
D．They work closely with the director and the cast.
17．What does CGI help create in films
A．Realistic costumes and make-up for characters.
B．Complex soundtracks and musical scores.
C．Special effects that aren't possible in real life.
D．Detailed scripts and dialogue for the actors.
阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Throughout history, humans have played some kind of kicking game. What the world now calls football--or soccer in the United State-began as far back as 2500 B. C. E. with the Chinese game of cuju. However, the sport we know today started in Britain. In the 1840s, England's Football Association made a set of rules, and the modern game was appeared.
So, why is soccer so popular Maybe you have the feeling that the team on the field is your team: their win is your victory, and their loss is your defeat. Or maybe it's the game's international quality. In countries like France, England, Spain, and Brazil, major teams have players from many different nations, and these clubs now have fans all over the world. Or perhaps it's the promise of great wealth. A number of professional soccer players can make millions of money every year.
Soccer is popular for all of these reasons, but the main reason is that it's a simple game. It can be played anywhere with anything--a ball, a can, or even some bags tied together. And anyone can play it. "You don't need to be rich... to play soccer," says historian Peter Alegi, "You just need a flat space and a ball."
It is this simplicity that makes soccer the most popular sport in Africa. Here, even in rural areas far from the bright lights and big stadiums(体育场), children and adults play the game, often with handmade balls. All over Africa, soccer is popular with parents and teachers for another reason: It keeps young people, especially boys, in school and out of trouble. "Most clubs in Tamale, Ghana, don't allow boys to play if they don't go to school," explains Abubakari. "We' re trying our best to help young people and to make them responsible in society. Soccer helps us do this. For us, soccer is also a tool for hope."
18．When and where did the kicking game begin
A．In Britain in the 1840s.
B．In China in 2500B.
C．E.C. In Africa in ancient times.
D．In the US in the 19th century.
19．Why does the writer think soccer is a simple game in Para.3
A．Because soccer can be played by anyone with anything.
B．Because there are only a few rules of soccer.
C．Because people can easily get the same feeling.
D．Because the rules are easy for people to understand.
20．What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean
A．Soccer helps many schools to open up soccer clubs.
B．Soccer helps the old to pass on the skills to the young.
C．Soccer helps young people get better grades in school.
D．Soccer helps develop young people as members of society.
21．What is the article mainly about
A．Different soccer clubs. B．Different soccer fields.
C．The history of soccer. D．The popularity of soccer.
阅读短文，选出最佳选项
Take a look at your parents' mobile phones. Can you see a small"5G"atthe top Do you know what it is 5G means"5th generation mobile network (第五代移动通信技术)"
Each mobile network generation is faster and more powerful than the one before it. In 1980s, with 1G, we made phone calls for the first time. Around ten years later, 2G let us send messages. Then in 2000s, using the Internet listening to music and sending emails appeared in people's life for 3G: Later, we could watch films and even buy things in 2010s with 4G. To our surprise, 5G is coming now.
Do you have online classes at home With 5G, you can have classes outside your home. The class can go as well as the ones you have at home. Students from poor areas can have the chance to study just like you do. In some movies, you might see cars that can drive by themselves—you tell them where you want to go, and they take you there as fast as possible. With 5G, cars like this may appear in our life. It makes self-driving cars safer. These cars can send messages to each other. They can also "talk" to traffic lights. 5G will make cars move even faster than human drivers.
5G networks are about. 100 times faster than 4G. This means you can download(下载)a movie in seconds using 5G, and makes your video calls clearer. What's more, VR games will become more popular with 5G. It will make the games feel even more real.
All in all, 5G will change the way people live and make our life more comfortable and convenient than ever before. You won't have to wait too long to enjoy it. Now you can buy a new mobile phone to use 5G networks. 5Gphones cost about 8, 000 yuan right now. But experts say that about one and a half years later, the price could go down to around 2000 yuan. Why not try 5G
22．The writer mentions____in this passage.
A．2G let us make calls for the first time
B．3G made people start using the Internet.
C．4G helps download a movie in seconds
23．The underlined word "ones" in Paragraph 3 means ________.
A．classes B．homes C．phones
24．From the passage, we can with ____ 5G.
①have online classes outside
②have self-driving cars
③see a doctor at home
④study better
⑤make video calls clearer
A．①②③ B．②④⑤ C．①②⑤
25．To show how 5G changes our lives, the writer mainly_______.
A．tells stories B．gives examples C．gives numbers
26．If we put this passage into three parts which of the following is best
①=Para. 1②=Para. 2 ③=Para. 3 ④=Para. 4 ⑤=Para. 5⑥=Para. 6
A．①②/③④⑤/⑥
B．①/②③④⑤
C．①②/③④/⑤/⑥
阅读短文，回答问题
①In China，when students finish college，they usually either keep studying or start working. Getting a master's degree （硕士学位） has been very popular in the last few years. But now it seems that this is changing.
② On Nov 21，the Ministry of Education said that 3. 88 million people will take part in this year's exams to get into master's degree programs. This sounds like a lot，but the number is 500，000 less than that of last year and 860，000 less than the year before.
③ One reason for the drop might be that studying for a master's degree has become very expensive，CCTV reported. For example，to study for a financial （金融） master's degree at the Shanghai University of Finance and Economics takes 228，000 yuan in total. Many universities don't give their students free housing，so students have to pay a lot of rent （房租）.
④ Also，having a master's degree might not help much in getting a good job now，according to Xiong Bingqi，director of the Century Education Research Institute. "Many people with high degrees are ending up in low-paying jobs，" Xiong told Changjiang Daily. Because of this，some students are choosing vocational schools （职业学校） instead. They think learning specific skills might help them get jobs more easily.
⑤ In this case，experts suggest that colleges should do more to help students learn what they need for future jobs. Also，schools should change their programs to match what companies are looking for.
27．What does the writer want to show with the numbers in Paragraph 2
A．Getting a master's degree is less popular.
B．More people are studying for a master's degree.
C．The master's degree is not important anymore.
D．Chinese people are getting a better education.
28．According to Paragraph 3，why might fewer people be taking master's degree exams
A．The exams have become too hard.
B．They prefer to start to work sooner.
C．Getting a master's degree costs too much.
D．They find it hard to rent a place for studying.
29．What does Xiong Bingqi think of having a master's degree
A．It's not useful anymore.
B．It's not as useful as it once was.
C．It's only useful for certain types of jobs.
D．It's very important for finding a job.
30．Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage
A． B． C． D．
阅读下面材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Have you ever shouted at your computer because it wasn't working Of course, your computer can't "shout" back. But Al researchers have been working on computers that can argue and perhaps even win debates (辩论) with humans.
IBM scientists recently published a paper in Nature about their new AI system— Project Debater. It can debate with people in front of a live audience. After listening to arguments from its opponent (对手), the system can search around 400 million online articles in less than five minutes. And then it looks for ideas that can support its own argument.
Testing on the system began in 2019. When it debated with Harish Natarajan, a professional debater who holds the world record for the most debate competition victories. The topic was about subsidizing preschool (资助幼儿园) —and Project Debater argued to support this idea. Although Project Debater lost the debate in the end, the audience said it performed very well. Interestingly, 58 percent of the audience said that Project Debater increased their knowledge about the topic—only 20 percent said the same about Natarajan.
According to Scientific American, results show that the system is able to form logical statements (有逻辑的陈述) . However, ★ . Their goal is to help humans make better decisions, according to Ranit Aharanoy, manager of the Project Debater team. "It can debate both sides, so it can very quickly help you understand both sides of the problem, so you can have a wider view of the problem and make a more thoughtful decision." Aharanoy said.
Let's wait and see how the Project Debater will develop in the near future.
31．According to paragraph 2, which one below is not the way of Project Debater working
A．It writes ideas that can support its own argument.
B．It listens to its opponent's arguments.
C．It searches online articles.
D．It debates with its opponent.
32．In the debate with Harish Natarajan in paragraph 3, Project Debater ____.
A．argued to support subsidizing preschool
B．won the debate in the end
C．set a world debating record
D．often argued against itself
33．Which of the following can be put in ★
A．forming logical statements is not easy
B．some people didn't believe Project Debater.
C．they can develop better system.
D．winning a debate is never the researchers' goal.
34．The underlined word "it" refers to ____.
A．Project Debater team B．the logical statement
C．the new AI system D．the wider view
35．What is the author's attitude to the Project Debater
A．Doubtful B．Positive
C．We don't know D．Disappointed
从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
If you want to enter the subway, you have to hold your transportation card or smart phone in your hand. Would it be a trouble if you are busy with other things, such as taking care of your children or dogs.
Now, good news has arrived for some passengers. A subway line in Shenzhen uses 3D facial recognition(人脸识别) technology to help recognize passengers. All they need to do is downloading(下载) the required app, and then they can enter the station just by looking into a screen at the gate for about 2 seconds. In this way, they can enter the subway more quickly than scanning a OR code (扫描二维码). The new technology greatly speeds up entry times. Now, about 30 to 40 passengers can pass through the entrance every minute.
Facial recognition has been used in many other areas of our life. At KFC stores across China, customers can order their meals by scanning their faces in front of a self- serving screen. Customers used to carry bank cards or mobile phones to withdraw money, but now they can do that just by scanning their faces at the ATMs of banks. With the help of this technology, the security check(安检) step in the airport can be completed in about 12 seconds, according to Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport.
Do you think facial recognition will totally take the place of OR codes
36．How many examples of using the facial recognition technology are mentioned in the passage
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five
37．What does the underlined word" withdraw" mean in Chinese
A．取钱 B．浪费 C．赠送 D．咨询
38．What's the advantage of facial recognition technology according to the passage
A．Safer B．Quicker C．Smaller D．Cheaper
39．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
A．Every passenger can save two seconds entering the subway station.
B．Customers in China can't scan faces to order meals at KFC now.
C．The security check time at Baiyun Airport is longer than that of subway station in Shenzhen.
D．Withdrawing money in the bank is not so safe at present.
40．What is the passage mainly about
A．How to withdraw money at the ATMs of banks.
B．The wide use of facial recognition technology.
C．The development of public transportation.
D．How to get better service in fast food restaurant.
41．根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
Have you seen Avatar（《阿凡达》） It's a popular 3D movie, and you may have to wear 3D glasses to see it. The 3D glasses make the images(图像)from the movie look as if they were coming straight towards you.
More and more 3D movies are coming to theaters. Some say that 3D TV sets will come into our homes in the near future. 3D technology can make TV and movies are more exciting. However, people with eye problems may get headaches if they spend too much time watching 3D movies. Why
When we look at an object(物体), each eye sees it at a different angle(角度). Our eyes send the two images to our brain(大脑), and the brain puts them together. 3D technology uses two film projectors(投影机). One projects a left-eye-image and the other projects a right-eye-image. 3D glasses allow us to see a different image in each eye. So, when we are watching a 3D movie, our brain can't put together the images sent to our eyes. The brain needs to work harder at “reading” the images. That makes it easier for people with eye problems to get dizzy(头晕的) or have headaches. A famous eye doctor said if your eyes can't focus(聚焦) on the same object at once, you will have trouble watching 3D movies.
（1）According to the passage, Avatar is a ______.
A．digital camera B．digital TV set
C．3D movie D．4D movie
（2）The 3D glasses can make the images from the movie ______.
A．look more beautiful than usual
B．look as if they were coming straight towards you
C．look as if they were far away from you
D．look more clear than usual
（3）People will have ______ in their homes in the near future.
A．3D computers B．3D phones C．3D movies D．3D TV sets
（4）When we look at an object, ______.
A．each eye sees the object at the same angle
B．our brain puts the two different pictures together
C．there will be two film projectors in our eyes
D．our brain can't put together the images sent to our eyes
（5）If you wear a pair of 3D glasses, ______.
A．you will see different images in both eyes
B．your brain can't work at all
C．the images can be put together easily by your brain
D．our brain can put the images together
答案解析部分
1．A
2．D
3．D
4．B
文章大意：文章主要是讲述了一些有关于打喷嚏的知识。
考查阅读理解，首先通读全文，了解全文大意，其次分析问题，抓住问题关键词，在文中寻找相关信息，确定答案，最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
1．推理判断题。根据空格前的语境"What's more, a sneeze is like a small pop.It can travel up to 100 miles per hour (160 km per hour)! Imagine your sneeze going past at the speed of a raving can. It's your nose's way of saying更重要的是，一个喷嚏就像一个小小的噗噗声。它的速度可达每小时100英里（每小时160公里）！想象一下，你的喷嚏以一个咆哮的易拉罐的速度飞过。这是你的鼻子在说..."可推测，此处应是喷嚏的速度很快，似是在说"让开，我要过去"。选项A"Clear the way, I'm coming through!让开，我要过去了！"符合语境，故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段句子"Sneezes are a bit like a kind of illness which can spread from one to another.For example, once one person starts, it's hard for others not to join in.It's the social side of sneezing!打喷嚏有点像一种可以在人与人之间传播的疾病。例如，一旦一个人开始，其他人很难不加入。这是打喷嚏的社交一面！"可知，打喷嚏是很容易传染的，故选D。
3．文章大意题。根据文章第五段句子"All in all, after knowing the unusual world of sneezes, we should let it be.The next time you feel a tickle in your nose and the feeling to sneeze, just accept it....总而言之，在了解了打喷嚏这个不寻常的世界之后，我们应该顺其自然。下次你觉得鼻子发痒，想打喷嚏的时候，就接受它吧。"可知，文章主要是想告诉我们一些关于打喷嚏的知识，故选D。
4．文章结构题。根据文章第一段句子"Welcome to the unusual world of sneezes(打喷嚏).Here is some interesting knowledge about it"可知，第一段是引出打喷嚏的话题。第二段和第三段分别介绍了打喷嚏的一些知识，如打喷嚏的原因和状态等。第五段"All in all, after knowing the unusual world of sneezes, we should let it be."总结全文。文章为总分总结构，故选B。
5．D
6．A
7．C
8．D
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了性别与玩具选择之间的关系，指出孩子们对玩具的兴趣并非天生，而是受到性别角色社会化的影响。强调，不应让性别决定孩子的玩具选择，因为不同的玩具能教会孩子不同的东西，而只玩一种类型的玩具可能会让孩子错过发现自己兴趣和特长的机会，甚至影响他们未来的职业选择和人生机遇。
本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段中的"We might pick building toys or remote-control cars for boys and kitchen toys or dolls for girls."，我们可能会为男孩选择建筑玩具或遥控车，为女孩选择厨房玩具或玩偶。因此通常认为厨房玩具是给女孩的，故选D。
6．推理判断题。第二段中作者通过举例子的方式来阐述自己的观点，例如给一个女孩厨房玩具，她会认为这些是女孩的玩具，因为其他女孩也在玩这些玩具。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据第三段中的"Different toys teach children different things."不同的玩具可以教孩子们不同的东西；以及" By playing with different toys, children can find out what they are interested in or what they are good at."通过玩不同的玩具，孩子们可以发现他们真正感兴趣或擅长的东西。可推知作者认为这个规则可能会让孩子们错过发现他们真正喜欢的东西的机会，因此认为这个规则对孩子们不好。故选C。
8．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍的是性别不应该决定孩子玩的玩具，应该让孩子们自由选择玩具，而不是根据性别来限制他们的选择。"我们不应该让性别决定孩子的玩具"符合文章的主旨。故选D。
9．A
10．B
11．D
12．A
文章大意：文章主要是讲述了羊皮筏子的由来和功能。
考查阅读选择。通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
9．词义猜测题。根据划线单词语境"It is the oldest ferry along the Yellow River in Northwest China."可知，是中国西北黄河沿岸最古老的一种工具，能在河流上面的工具。猜测应是"船"，与boat意思相近，故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据文章第二段句子"It is said that the biggest sheepskin raft in old times was made up of over 600 sheepskin airbags.""It could carry around 30 tons of goods(货物) and run over 200 kilometers in one day, making it as helpful as a steamship."可知，讲述羊皮筏子的功能的应该是第二段，故选B。
11．段落大意题。根据文章第三段句子"...before the 1950s, there were fewer railways and road traffic was difficult.The sheepsk in raft was the most important means of transportation for people living along the Yellow River.在20世纪50年代之前，铁路较少，公路交通也很困难。木筏是黄河沿岸人们最重要的交通工具。"可知，第三段主要是解释了为什么人们会使用羊皮筏子，故选D。
12．细节理解题。根据文章第四段句子"People use them to carry visitors on the Yellow River for fun and sightseeing."可知，人们用它们载着游客在黄河上游玩和观光。故选A。
13．C
14．D
15．C
16．A
17．C
18．B
19．A
20．D
21．D
22．B
23．A
24．C
25．B
26．A
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了第五代移动通信技术。
考查阅读理解。可以先浏览全文，理解大意。然后根据问题，快速定位相关内容，最后进行选择。
22．根据第二段中的"Then in 2000s,using the Internet listening to music and sending emails appeared in people's lifefor 3G."可知，到了21世纪，使用互联网听音乐，发送邮件出现在人们的3G生活中。故选B。
23．根据第三段中的"Do you have online classes at home'With 5G, you can have classes outside your home. The classcan go as well as the ones you have at home."可知，划线词ones指代上文中的classes。故选A。
24．根据""With 5G, you can have classes outside your home."可知，5G能够上网课;根据"With 5G, cars like thismay appear in our life. It makes self-driving cars safer"可知，有了5G，自动驾驶车也许会出现在我们的生活中;根据"This means youcan download (下载) a movie in seconds using 5G, and makes your video calls clearer."可知，5G能够更快速地下载电影，并且使你的视频通话更清晰，故①②⑤符合。故选C。
25．根据""With 5G, you can have classes outside your home"、"With 5G, cars like this may appear in our lifc. t makesself-driving cars safer."及""5G networks are about 100 times faster than 4G.This means you can download (下载) a movie in seconds using5G, and makes your video calls clearer."可知，本文通过举例子的方式来介绍5G改变了我们的生活。故选B。
26．通读文章可知，本文第一二段主要是引出文章的话题，第三、四、五段主要是通过举例子来介绍5G改变了人们的生活，第六段进行总结。因此选项A符合文章结构。故选A。
27．A
28．C
29．B
30．D
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国攻读硕士学位人数减少的现象及其背后的原因，并且提出了高校应如何应对这种情况的建议。
本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和篇章结构三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
27．推理判断题。根据第二段中的" This sounds like a lot，but the number is 500，000 less than that of last year and 860，000 less than the year before. "这听起来很多，但这个数字比去年减少了50万，比前年减少了86万。这些数字表明攻读硕士学位的热度在下降，可推断获得硕士学位不再像以前那么受欢迎了，故选A。
28．推理判断题。根据第三段"One reason for the drop might be that studying for a master's degree has become very expensive，CCTV reported. For example，to study for a financial （金融） master's degree at the Shanghai University of Finance and Economics takes 228，000 yuan in total. Many universities don't give their students free housing，so students have to pay a lot of rent （房租）."据中央电视台报道，下降的一个原因可能是攻读硕士学位变得非常昂贵。例如，在上海财经大学攻读金融硕士学位总共需要22.8万元。许多大学不给学生免费住房，所以学生不得不支付很多租金。这都是攻读硕士学位成本过高的体现，导致更少的人参加硕士入学考试，故选C。
29．细节理解题。根据第四段中的"Also，having a master's degree might not help much in getting a good job now"此外，拥有硕士学位可能对现在找到一份好工作没有多大帮助；以及"Many people with high degrees are ending up in low-paying jobs"很多人拥有高学历却从事低收入工作。可推知他认为硕士学位不像以前那么有用了，故选B。
30．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，本文第一段提出在中国学生大学毕业后要么继续深造要么开始工作，接着第二段指出硕士学位的热度在下降，然后第三、四段分析了热度下降的两个原因（成本高、就业竞争力下降），最后第五段专家给出了建议。故选D。
31．A
32．A
33．D
34．C
35．B
本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了可以和人辩论的一种名叫Project Debater的智能系统，介绍了它的作用以及研究人员发明这个系统的目的。
考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和词义猜测题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。词义猜测题的解题方法包括利用指代关系、定义、定语、文章中的举例、比较的词语、构词法知识、上下文语境、因果关系来推测词义。
31．细节理解题。根据"It can debate with people in front of a live audience. After listening to arguments from its opponent (对手), the system can search around 400 million online articles in less than five minutes. And then it looks for ideas that can support its own argument.（它可以在现场观众面前与人进行辩论。在听完对手的观点后，这个系统能在五分钟内搜索约4亿篇在线文章，然后寻找能够支持自己论点的观点。）"可知，该系统可以在现场观众面前与人辩论。在听取对手的论点后，它可以在不到五分钟的时间内搜索大约4亿篇在线文章。然后它寻找可以支持自己论点的观点。由此可知，Project Debater不能自己写观点。故选A。
32．细节理解题。根据"The topic was about subsidizing preschool (资助幼儿园)—and Project Debater argued to support this idea.（辩论的主题是关于资助幼儿园——而"辩论者"项目支持这一观点。）"可知，Project Debater主张支持资助幼儿园。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据"Their goal is to help humans make better decisions.（他们的目标是帮助人类做出更好的决定 。）"可知，此处提到了研究人员的目标。因此，选项D"赢得辩论从来不是研究人员的目标"符合语境。故选D。
34．词义猜测题。根据"It can debate both sides, so it can very quickly help you understand both sides of the problem, so you can have a wider view of the problem and make a more thoughtful decision.（它可以辩论双方的观点，因此可以迅速帮助你了解问题的两个方面，从而让你对问题有更全面的认识，并做出更周全的决策。）"可知，Project Debater这个新的人工智能系统可以辩论正反两方面，所以它可以很快帮助你了解问题的正反两方面，这样你就可以对问题有更广泛的看法并做出更深思熟虑的决定。由此可知，it指的是Project Debater这个新的人工智能系统。故选C。
35．推理判断题。通读全文并结合最后一段"Let's wait and see how the Project Debater will develop in the near future.（让我们拭目以待"辩论者"项目在不久的将来会如何发展。）"可推知，作者对Project Debater持积极肯定的态度。故选B。
36．B
37．A
38．B
39．C
40．B
本文是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了人脸识别技术的运用。
考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，词义猜测题和文章大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。词义猜测题主要考查考生根据上下文推测词义和语义的能力，突出考查对语境的分析和把握能力。常见的猜词法有：利用上下文语境。猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。做文章大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
36．细节理解题。根据"At KFC stores across China， customers can order their meals by scanning
their faces in front of a self- serving screen.（ 在中国各地的肯德基门店，顾客可以在自助服务屏前通过人脸识别来点餐。 ） "，"Customers used to carry bank cards or mobile phones to withdraw money，but now they can do that just by scanning their faces at the ATMs of
banks.（ 顾客过去常常携带银行卡或手机去银行ATM机上取款，但现在他们只需要在银行ATM机前进行人脸识别就可以完成取款了。 ）"以及"With the help of this technology, the security check (安检) step in the airport can be completed in about 12 seconds（ 借助这项技术，机场的安检流程可以在大约12秒内完成。 ）"可知提到了三个领域。故选B。
37．词义猜测题。根据"Customers used to carry bank cards or mobile phones to withdraw money（客户过去常常携带银行卡或手机取款。）"可知客户过去常常携带银行卡或手机取款，故此处划线部分意为"取钱"。故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据"The new technology greatly speeds up entry times（这项新技术大大加快了进入时间。）"可知这项新技术大大加快了进入时间，说明了速度很快。故选B。
39．细节理解题。根据"and then they can enter the station just by looking into a screen at the gate for about 2 seconds（ 然后，他们只需在闸机前看向屏幕约2秒钟即可进站。 ）"以及"With the help of this technology, the security check (安检) step in the airport can be completed in about 12 seconds, according to Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport.（ 据广州白云国际机场介绍，借助这项技术，机场的安检步骤可以在大约12秒内完成。 ）"可知在地铁站，大约2秒钟就可以进入车站，机场的安检步骤可以在大约12秒内完成，所以白云机场的安检时间比深圳地铁站的安检时间长。故选C。
40．主旨大意题。通读全文，以及最后一段"Do you think facial recognition will totally take the place of OR codes "可知本文主要讲述了（Facial recognition）人脸识别技术的运用。故选B。
41．（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）B
（5）A
本文介绍有关3D电影的一些知识。
（1）细节理解。 根据本文第一段第二句话It's a popular 3D movie.可知，《阿凡达》是一部3D电影。故选C。
（2）细节理解。 根据本文第一段第三句话The 3D glasses make the images(图像)from the movie look as if they were coming straight towards you.可知“3D眼镜能让电影中的图像看起来像直接向你奔来”。故选B。
（3）细节理解。 根据本文第二段第二句话Some say 3D TV sets will come into our homes in the near future .可知，“3D电视不久将出现在我们的家中”。故选D。
（4）细节理解。 根据本文第三段第三句话，3D technology uses two film projectors (投影机)可知“3D技术使用两部投影机”。故选B。
（5）细节理解。 根据本文最后一段第五句话3D glasses allow us to see a different image in each eye,可知，“3D眼镜允许我们每只眼睛看一个不同的图形”。故选A。
考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。