Passage 1
Smile—It's Good For You!
Research reveals that showing you're happy can enhance both physical and mental health. Here are some of the amazing benefits of smiling.
Smiling's a stress reliever A University of Kansas study found that participants who were asked to smile during stressful tasks had lower heart rates during stress recovery. So it seems even forcing yourself to look happy helps to manage tricky situations. 1. ____ For example, in one study, participants who smiled while being injected reported 40 percent less pain.
It may lower blood pressure The fact that smiling reduces your heart rate when you're stressed is also likely to have a knock - on effect on blood pressure. Other research has shown that blood pressure doesn't rise when people are exposed to humour. 2. ____ When you smile, your body relaxes, and this can lead to a decrease in blood pressure over time.
3. ____ A smile releases certain hormones in the body that can boost your immune system. These hormones help fight off infections and keep you healthy. A strong immune system is crucial for overall well - being. When you smile, you're not only making yourself feel better emotionally but also giving your body a natural defence boost. 4. ____
Looking happy encourages positivity It seems smiling really can boost your mood, rather than simply being a response to feeling happy. A 2022 study of 3,878 participants in 19 countries found people's happiness rating was higher when they smiled. This positive feedback loop can have a profound impact on your daily life. When you smile, you're more likely to attract positive interactions and experiences. 5. ____
Smile and live longer The research backs it up. A 2010 study from Washington State University found that pre - 1950s major league baseball players who had the broadest smile in photos lived longer. So, keep smiling and enjoy a healthier, happier life!
A. Beaming boosts immunity B. Smiling helps you make friends C. And it can also have a positive effect on pain perception. D. This means that smiling can be a simple way to improve your health. E. In addition, smiling can make you more confident in social situations. F. It's no wonder that smiling is considered one of the best natural medicines. G. So, a smile can be a powerful tool in maintaining a positive mental attitude.
Passage2
Exploring the World of Murder Mystery Novels
Murder mystery novels have always held a special allure for readers. They take us on thrilling journeys filled with suspense, intrigue, and unexpected twists. In recent times, there has been an interesting development in this genre.
A New Take on the Genre Take How to Kill Men and Get Away With It by Katie Brent, for example. Described as a deliciously dark, hilariously twisted debut psychological thriller about friendship, love, and murder, it presents a unique perspective. 1. ____ Although it starts with extreme cruelty towards men, it also serves as a satire and commentary on modern - day life, social media, and the unfair expectations men seem to have of women.
The Role of Authors in the Genre As authors in the murder mystery genre, they have a crucial role to play. They not only create thrilling plots but also address deeper questions. 2. ____ Novels like Lisa Jewell's The Family Upstairs make readers question the nature of guilt and innocence. Did the characters act out of self - defense or were they truly guilty of murder These are the kinds of moral, political, and philosophical questions that authors need to consider.
Inspiration for Authors For authors in this genre, inspiration can come from various sources. 3. ____ It often involves delving into historical events or social issues to create rich and engaging stories. For those still on the journey of becoming successful authors, like Harper Ford (a pseudonym for multiple real - life authors), their pride in their work is evident. Divorced Not Dead is Harper Ford's first rom - com but her thirteenth published book. 4. ____
Tips for Aspiring Mystery Writers If you're planning to write a murder mystery, there are some important points to consider. 5. ____ Creating complex characters, a well - crafted plot with unexpected twists, and addressing deeper themes can make your story stand out in the crowded world of murder mystery novels.
A. It's an inversion of the traditional slasher novel where a young, beautiful woman is usually the victim. B. Research is usually their greatest inspiration, and it helps them add depth to their stories. C. They need to answer questions like who the real culprit is and what the motives are. D. This book has received much attention and has been featured in various media. E. These novels often leave readers with a lot to think about long after they've finished reading. F. You'll need to ensure your story has a strong and engaging plot. G. The genre has evolved over the years, incorporating new elements and themes.
Passage 3
Why Do Dogs Bark At Other Dogs
Dogs barking at each other is a common sight, and according to dog trainer Trevor Smith, there are various reasons behind it. "Dogs use barking as their primary communication tool to express their needs," he says. 1.____
They're Being Playful
A dog on a leash may bark at other dogs to try to engage in play. He's essentially calling the other dog, trying to get it to join in the fun. If you're at the dog park and know your dog generally plays well with others, now is the time to let him off - leash so he can engage in some positive play. 2.____
They're Being Defensive
If your loyal companion senses a (real or imagined) threat to either himself or his family members (human, canine or otherwise), he may emit a bark that essentially says, "Back off, buddy." This defensive barking is a way for dogs to protect what they consider theirs. 3. ____
They're Being Aggressive
A dog that aggressively barks at other dogs may or may not ever get to the point where he can play with other dogs. For some pups, the aggression is based on fear. Others just aren't friendly toward other dogs. It's important to recognize this type of barking to handle the situation properly. 4.____They Want To Join The Pack. If your dog comes upon a new group of dogs - say, at the dog park - he may bark or even howl to get their attention. It's his way of asking to join the pack. Understanding this can help you manage your dog's behavior in social situations.
In conclusion, dogs bark at other dogs for different reasons, and being aware of these can help dog owners better understand and handle their pets' behavior. 5. ____
This is a natural way for dogs to interact and have fun.
Understanding these reasons can help you respond appropriately.
Here are some of the main reasons dogs bark at other dogs.
This kind of barking is usually accompanied by a fierce look.
However, not all dogs are willing to accept a new - comer.
So, it's crucial to observe your dog's body language when it barks.
G. But how can you tell if your dog is barking out of aggression Passage 1
Smile—It's Good For You!
Research reveals that showing you're happy can enhance both physical and mental health. Here are some of the amazing benefits of smiling.
Smiling's a stress reliever A University of Kansas study found that participants who were asked to smile during stressful tasks had lower heart rates during stress recovery. So it seems even forcing yourself to look happy helps to manage tricky situations. 1. ____ For example, in one study, participants who smiled while being injected reported 40 percent less pain.
It may lower blood pressure The fact that smiling reduces your heart rate when you're stressed is also likely to have a knock - on effect on blood pressure. Other research has shown that blood pressure doesn't rise when people are exposed to humour. 2. ____ When you smile, your body relaxes, and this can lead to a decrease in blood pressure over time.
3. ____ A smile releases certain hormones in the body that can boost your immune system. These hormones help fight off infections and keep you healthy. A strong immune system is crucial for overall well - being. When you smile, you're not only making yourself feel better emotionally but also giving your body a natural defence boost. 4. ____
Looking happy encourages positivity It seems smiling really can boost your mood, rather than simply being a response to feeling happy. A 2022 study of 3,878 participants in 19 countries found people's happiness rating was higher when they smiled. This positive feedback loop can have a profound impact on your daily life. When you smile, you're more likely to attract positive interactions and experiences. 5. ____
Smile and live longer The research backs it up. A 2010 study from Washington State University found that pre - 1950s major league baseball players who had the broadest smile in photos lived longer. So, keep smiling and enjoy a healthier, happier life!
A. Beaming boosts immunity B. Smiling helps you make friends C. And it can also have a positive effect on pain perception. D. This means that smiling can be a simple way to improve your health. E. In addition, smiling can make you more confident in social situations. F. It's no wonder that smiling is considered one of the best natural medicines. G. So, a smile can be a powerful tool in maintaining a positive mental attitude.
Passage2
Exploring the World of Murder Mystery Novels
Murder mystery novels have always held a special allure for readers. They take us on thrilling journeys filled with suspense, intrigue, and unexpected twists. In recent times, there has been an interesting development in this genre.
A New Take on the Genre Take How to Kill Men and Get Away With It by Katie Brent, for example. Described as a deliciously dark, hilariously twisted debut psychological thriller about friendship, love, and murder, it presents a unique perspective. 1. ____ Although it starts with extreme cruelty towards men, it also serves as a satire and commentary on modern - day life, social media, and the unfair expectations men seem to have of women.
The Role of Authors in the Genre As authors in the murder mystery genre, they have a crucial role to play. They not only create thrilling plots but also address deeper questions. 2. ____ Novels like Lisa Jewell's The Family Upstairs make readers question the nature of guilt and innocence. Did the characters act out of self - defense or were they truly guilty of murder These are the kinds of moral, political, and philosophical questions that authors need to consider.
Inspiration for Authors For authors in this genre, inspiration can come from various sources. 3. ____ It often involves delving into historical events or social issues to create rich and engaging stories. For those still on the journey of becoming successful authors, like Harper Ford (a pseudonym for multiple real - life authors), their pride in their work is evident. Divorced Not Dead is Harper Ford's first rom - com but her thirteenth published book. 4. ____
Tips for Aspiring Mystery Writers If you're planning to write a murder mystery, there are some important points to consider. 5. ____ Creating complex characters, a well - crafted plot with unexpected twists, and addressing deeper themes can make your story stand out in the crowded world of murder mystery novels.
A. It's an inversion of the traditional slasher novel where a young, beautiful woman is usually the victim. B. Research is usually their greatest inspiration, and it helps them add depth to their stories. C. They need to answer questions like who the real culprit is and what the motives are. D. This book has received much attention and has been featured in various media. E. These novels often leave readers with a lot to think about long after they've finished reading. F. You'll need to ensure your story has a strong and engaging plot. G. The genre has evolved over the years, incorporating new elements and themes.
Passage 3
Why Do Dogs Bark At Other Dogs
Dogs barking at each other is a common sight, and according to dog trainer Trevor Smith, there are various reasons behind it. "Dogs use barking as their primary communication tool to express their needs," he says. 1.____
They're Being Playful
A dog on a leash may bark at other dogs to try to engage in play. He's essentially calling the other dog, trying to get it to join in the fun. If you're at the dog park and know your dog generally plays well with others, now is the time to let him off - leash so he can engage in some positive play. 2.____
They're Being Defensive
If your loyal companion senses a (real or imagined) threat to either himself or his family members (human, canine or otherwise), he may emit a bark that essentially says, "Back off, buddy." This defensive barking is a way for dogs to protect what they consider theirs. 3. ____
They're Being Aggressive
A dog that aggressively barks at other dogs may or may not ever get to the point where he can play with other dogs. For some pups, the aggression is based on fear. Others just aren't friendly toward other dogs. It's important to recognize this type of barking to handle the situation properly. 4.____They Want To Join The Pack. If your dog comes upon a new group of dogs - say, at the dog park - he may bark or even howl to get their attention. It's his way of asking to join the pack. Understanding this can help you manage your dog's behavior in social situations.
In conclusion, dogs bark at other dogs for different reasons, and being aware of these can help dog owners better understand and handle their pets' behavior. 5. ____
This is a natural way for dogs to interact and have fun.
Understanding these reasons can help you respond appropriately.
Here are some of the main reasons dogs bark at other dogs.
This kind of barking is usually accompanied by a fierce look.
However, not all dogs are willing to accept a new - comer.
So, it's crucial to observe your dog's body language when it barks.
But how can you tell if your dog is barking out of aggression
Passage 1
答案：C 解析：空后举例 “participants who smiled while being injected reported 40 percent less pain”（在注射时微笑的参与者报告疼痛减少了 40%），说明微笑对疼痛感知有积极影响，C 选项 “And it can also have a positive effect on pain perception.”（它也能对疼痛感知产生积极影响）符合语境，起到引出下文例子的作用。
答案：D 解析：上文提到微笑在压力下能降低心率，对血压可能有连锁反应，且其他研究表明人们接触幽默时血压不会上升，D 选项 “This means that smiling can be a simple way to improve your health.”（这意味着微笑可以是一种改善健康的简单方式）总结了微笑与健康（血压等方面）的关系，承接上文。
答案：A 解析：此空是段落小标题。根据后文 “A smile releases certain hormones in the body that can boost your immune system.”（微笑会在体内释放某些能增强免疫系统的激素）可知，该段主要讲微笑能增强免疫力，A 选项 “Beaming boosts immunity”（微笑增强免疫力）符合段落主旨。
答案：F 解析：前文阐述了微笑能增强免疫系统，对整体健康很重要，F 选项 “It's no wonder that smiling is considered one of the best natural medicines.”（难怪微笑被认为是最好的天然药物之一）是对微笑这种增强免疫力作用的进一步总结，强调其重要性。
答案：G 解析：该段主题是微笑能促进积极情绪，上文提到微笑能提升情绪，带来积极互动和体验，G 选项 “So, a smile can be a powerful tool in maintaining a positive mental attitude.”（所以，微笑可以是保持积极心态的有力工具）进一步强调微笑在保持积极心态方面的作用，符合段落主旨。
Passage 2
答案：A 解析：前文提到《How to Kill Men and Get Away With It》这本书呈现了独特视角，A 选项 “It's an inversion of the traditional slasher novel where a young, beautiful woman is usually the victim.”（它是对传统砍杀小说的一种颠覆，在传统砍杀小说中年轻漂亮的女性通常是受害者）具体说明了这本书独特的地方，即与传统小说的不同，承接上文。
答案：C 解析：上文指出谋杀悬疑小说作者不仅要创造精彩情节，还要解决更深层次问题，C 选项 “They need to answer questions like who the real culprit is and what the motives are.”（他们需要回答像真正的罪犯是谁以及动机是什么这样的问题）举例说明了作者需要解决的具体问题，符合语境。
答案：B 解析：该段主题是作者的灵感来源，B 选项 “Research is usually their greatest inspiration, and it helps them add depth to their stories.”（研究通常是他们最大的灵感来源，并且它有助于他们为故事增添深度）说明了研究作为灵感来源的作用，符合段落主旨。
答案：D 解析：前文提到 Harper Ford 及其作品《Divorced Not Dead》，D 选项 “This book has received much attention and has been featured in various media.”（这本书受到了很多关注，并在各种媒体上亮相）进一步说明了这本书的影响力，承接上文。
答案：F 解析：该段是给有抱负的悬疑小说作家的建议，后文提到创造复杂角色、精心构思情节等，F 选项 “You'll need to ensure your story has a strong and engaging plot.”（你需要确保你的故事有一个强大且引人入胜的情节）是对写好谋杀悬疑小说情节方面的建议，符合语境。
Passage 3
答案：C 解析：前文提到狗互相吠叫有多种原因，C 选项 “Here are some of the main reasons dogs bark at other dogs.”（以下是狗对其他狗吠叫的一些主要原因）起到引出下文具体原因的作用，符合段首主题句的功能。
答案：A 解析：此段讲狗出于玩耍目的吠叫，A 选项 “This is a natural way for dogs to interact and have fun.”（这是狗互动和玩耍的一种自然方式）中的 “have fun” 与前文 “try to engage in play” 相呼应，是对这种玩耍行为的进一步说明，为过渡句。
答案：D 解析：该段围绕狗出于防御目的吠叫，D 选项 “This kind of barking is usually accompanied by a fierce look.”（这种吠叫通常伴随着凶狠的表情）进一步描述了这种防御性吠叫时的表现，属于过渡句。
答案：G 解析：此段说的是狗具有攻击性的吠叫，G 选项 “But how can you tell if your dog is barking out of aggression ”（但是你怎么能判断你的狗是否出于攻击性而吠叫呢？）以提问的方式，承接上文对攻击性吠叫的介绍，同时引出下文对如何识别这种吠叫的阐述，是过渡句。
答案：B 解析：文章结尾总结，了解狗吠叫的原因有助于主人更好地应对，B 选项 “Understanding these reasons can help you respond appropriately.”（了解这些原因可以帮助你做出适当的反应）符合结论句的特点。
