2025年中考英语名词、冠词复习（含答案）

名词
一、 可数名词
1. 规则变化：
1) 一般情况加s；
2) 以s, x, ch, sh结尾加es；
3) 以辅音字母+y结尾变y为i加es；
4) 以o结尾通常加s (hero--heroes; potato--potatoes;\ tomato--tomatoes)
5）以f或fe结尾，变f或fe为v再加es
2. 不规则变化：man--men; woman--women; tooth--teeth; foot--feet; child--children
3. 专有名词：
1) 人名，地名，团体名，机构名等专用名称
2）专有名词中实词的第一个字母大写：
Beijing, Tom, the People”s Republic of China
3）专有名词如含有普通名词，加定冠词the: the Great Wall
4）姓氏名采用复数形式，表示一家 ：the Greens 格林一家
二、 不可数名词
1. 物质，抽象名词：tea, beef, love
2. 可用much, some, little, a little, a lot of, lots of, plenty of 等修饰
3. 基数词/a/an+ 量词+ of + 不可数名词：a piece of bread
三、名词所有格：表示某物是谁的
一般情况加“s, 遇到复数加个’ ：Tom’s book; Teachers’ desk
要是名词无生命，用of 构成所有格：a map of China
Tom’s and Mary’s bikes (两人各自的自行车)
Tom and Mary’s bike (两 共用的自行车)
冠词
一、 定冠词
1. 独一无二：The earth turns around the sun.
2. 特指的 或事物：The man with a flower in his hand is Jack.
3. 前文提及的 或事： Ji Wei lives on a farm. The farm is not big.
4. 一家人：the Whites，The Greens
5. 江河，海洋，山脉等名称前：I have never been to the Himalaya Mountains.
6. “the +形容词”表示 类 或事物，the rich, the poor
7. 序数词和形容词最高级：
Who is the first one to go
The sun is the nearest to the earth.
8. 乐器名称前：play the violin, play the piano
9. “the + 较级，the + 较级”表示“越......越......”：the more...the more...
二、 不定冠词
1. 泛指：There is a dog lying on the ground.
2. 表示单数：There is a table; a= one
3. 表某类人或物，区别于其他种类：
An elephant is much stronger than a man. 大象比人强壮多了
4. 表示份数：a glass of orange juice
5. 表示“每一”= every, twice a week
三、 零冠词
1. 专有名词和第一次使用的不可数名词：
China is a very large country.
Man needs air and water.
2. 周，月，季节前不用：He was born on Monday, February 18, 1995.
in spring, in summer...
3. 三餐前不用：have breakfast, have lunch...
4. 节假日前不用：On Children’s Day, On National Day
5. 球类名词前不用：play football, play basketball
四、a和an的区别
1. a用在辅音开头的词前；an用在元音开头的词前（a e i o u）
2. useful/ university，前用a; umbrella前用an
名词练习题
1. Tim got four_____ from his relatives on Children’s Day.
A. toy B. toys C. toys
2. Hurry up! Some_____ and_____ are on sale in the supermarket.
A. tomato; egg B. tomatoes; egg C. tomatoes; eggs
3. －I don’t know how to use the App: Fun Dubbing.
－Ask Kitty for help. She h as lots of _____ doing in.
A. expression B. experience C. examination
4. I like this song. It’s by one of my favorite_____.
A. singers B. dancers C. painters
5. My daughter helps me cook but she isn’t old enough to be left alone in the_____.
A. bedroom B. classroom C. kitchen
6. If I leave my house at 9 o’clock and drive to the airport, I’ll arrive at about 11. So it’s about two_____ drive from my house to the airport.
A. hours’ B. hour’s C. hours
7. After years of war, the people in Syria are thirsty for_____.
A. price B. noise C. peace
8. My mother has a poor_____ of direction, so she is always afraid to go out alone.
A. scene B. silence C. sense
9. Americans always use_____ to have meals while Chinese use chopsticks.
A. spoon B. bowl C. fork
10. The_____ of this activity is to raise money for a new hospital.
A. culture B. purpose C. language
11. The _____ of the 2019 Beijing International Horticultural Expo(园艺博览会)
is “Live Green, Live Better”.
A. symbol B. condition C. theme
12. Growing Pain(《少年派》) is much more popular because it shows the teenagers’ growth and_____ in adolescence(青春期).
A. improvement B. excitement C. agreement
13. “Chinese Bridge” _____ for secondary school students was held in Bangladesh(孟加拉). Students who won would go to China for the finals.
A. population B. competition C. pollution
14. A(n)_____ about the history of Shanghai university museums was held at the University of Manchester in the United Kingdom in July, 2019. Everyone saw many things from China during the event.
A. conversation B. explanation C. exhibition
15. Young painters create a Thang-ga(唐卡) artwork in Southwest China’s Sichuan province. Thang-ga is Tibetan Buddhist artworks painted on_____ or silk.
A. cotton B. paper C. glass
冠词练习题
1. －Mum, I’m going on a picnic with my friends today.
－Have_____ good day.
A. a B. an C. /
2. Laura is______11-year-old girl. She is good at playing_____ guitar.
A. /;a B. an; / C. an; the
3.－Look at the tall boy over there. He’s_____ winner of the school painting competition.
－Oh, he must be_____ creative boy.
A. the; an B. the; a C. a; the
4._____ Great Wall is one of the seven wonders around the world.
A. The B. A C. An
5. －Jack, you missed_____ “U” in_____ word “usually”.
－Sorry, Sir.
A. a; the B. an; the C. a; a
6. Berlin is_____ capital of Germany.
A. / B. a C. the
7. Song of Youth is such_____ fantastic film that I have seen it twice.
A. a B. an C. the
8. As_____ volunteer at the Beijing Expo 2019(园艺博览会), Lu Ming understands _____ idea of green life better than before.
A. a; an B. a; the C. the; an
9. I was so proud of that_____ 2nd National Youth Games of the People’s Republic of China achieved_____ great success in Shanxi last summer.
A. a; the B. an; the C. the; a
10. I was at_____ home and my mom was on her way to_____ work when the rainstorm came.
A. /; / B. /;the C.the; /
名词参考答案
1-5 BCBAC 6-10 ACCCB 11-15 CABCA
冠词参考答案
1-5 ACBAA 6-10 CABCA