Unit 3 The Internet单元练习（含解析）2024-2025学年人教版高中英语必修第二册

UNIT 3　THE INTERNET
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
When the designer and typographer(排印工) Marcin Wichary chanced upon a tiny museum just outside Barcelona five years ago,the experience tipped his interest in the history of technology into an obsession(痴迷) with a very particular part of it:the keyboard.
“roof.Notever seen so many typewriters under one roof.Not even close,” he shared on the Internet at the time.“eyes.Is point,I literally have tears in my eyes.I’m not kidding.This feels like a miracle.”
He’d had a discovery while wandering through the exhibit:Each key on a keyboard has its own stories.And these stories are not just about computing technology,but also about the people who designed,used,or otherwise interacted with the keyboards.
Take the backspace key for example,he explains,“I like that the concept of backspace was originally just that—a space going backward.We are used to it erasing now,but for a hundred years,erasing was its own incredibly complex effort.You needed to master a Comet eraser,or Wite-Out,or strange correction tapes,and possibly all of the above...or give up and start from scratch whenever you made a small mistake in typing.”
The deeper he researched,the more obsessive he became.Amazed that no comprehensive books existed on the history of keyboards,he decided to create his own.When not working at his day job as the design leader for the design software company Figma,he began producing ShiftHappens,a two-volume,1,216-page hardcover book—and raised over $750,000 for the project on Kickstarter in March of 2024.Wichary was only a bit surprised by the support and the keyboard’s wide appeal.As he points out,“It’s such a crucial device that occupies a lot of our waking life.”
1.After the museum experience,Wichary’s interest in technology 　　　.
A.took off
B.died out
C.grew stronger
D.became more concrete
2.What did Wichary discover while admiring the keyboards
A.The stories behind them.
B.The wisdom of humans.
C.The secret of the keyboards.
D.The history of technology.
3.What does Wichary want to tell us about the backspace key in paragraph 4
A.It is a simple but powerful key.
B.It can be used to move back one space.
C.It is the result of long-term improvement.
D.It allows people to make mistakes when typing.
4.Why did Wichary write his own book
A.To fill a gap.
B.To get famous.
C.To make money.
D.To record history.
B
Many studies have shown that when people read on-screen,they don’t understand what they’ve read as well as when they read in print.For example,researchers in Spain and Israel took a close look at 54 studies comparing digital and print reading.Their 2018 study involved more than 171,000 prehension,they found,was better overall when people read print rather than digital texts.
Maryanne Wolf,who works at the University of California,Los Angeles explained that reading is not natural.We learn to talk by listening to those around us.It’s pretty automatic.But learning to read takes real work because the brain has no special network of cells just for reading.
To understand text,the brain borrows networks that evolved(进化) to do other things.For example,the part that evolved to recognize faces is called into action to recognize letters.This is similar to how you might adapt a tool for some new use.For example,a coat hanger is great for putting your clothes in the closet(衣柜).But if a blueberry rolls under the refrigerator,you might straighten out the coat hanger and use it to reach under the refrigerator and pull out the fruit.As a result,the brain might slip into skim(浏览) mode when you’re reading on a screen.It may switch to deep-reading mode when you turn to print.
Your reading doesn’t just depend on the device,however.It also depends on what you assume about the text.Baron,who is a scientist studying language and reading,calls this mindset.She says one way mindset works is in anticipating how easy or hard we expect the reading to be.If we think it will be easy,we might not put in much effort.Much of what we read on-screen tends to be text messages and social media posts.They’re usually easy to understand.So,when people read on-screen,they read faster.When reading fast,we may not absorb all the ideas as well.
So if you really need to learn something,you’re probably better off with print.
5.What is Maryanne Wolf’s point of view
A.Reading is unnatural for the brain.
B.Digital texts are easier to understand.
C.Old tools should be adapted for new use.
D.There are two different modes of reading.
6.How was Maryanne Wolf’s point of view explained
A.By referring to the results of previous studies.
B.By sorting data collected through experiments.
C.By analyzing examples of people’s reading experiences.
D.By comparing reading to doing things with borrowed tools.
7.What will Baron probably agree with
A.An effective reader absorbs all the ideas.
B.Digital reading devices can be put into better use.
C.Reading strategies should be applied to improve reading speed.
D.We have different mindsets in screen reading and print reading.
8.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A.What’s behind how you read,device or psychology
B.Are social media posts fueling up a fast reading craze
C.Will you learn better from reading on-screen or on paper
D.Which employs more parts of your brain,reading or listening
Ⅱ.七选五
In this day and age,it is difficult to imagine our lives without emails.But how often do we consider the environmental impact of these messages 　1　 It’s easy to ignore the invisible energy involved in running the network—particularly when it comes to sending and storing data.
Every single email is stored on a server(服务器).　2　These computers consume massive amounts of energy,24 hours a day,and require countless water or air conditioning systems for cooling.The more messages we send,receive and store,the more servers are needed.　3　
According to carbon footprint specialists,every spam email(垃圾邮件) releases an estimated 0.3 grams of CO2 into the atmosphere.A standard email,one without an attachment has a carbon footprint of 4 grams of CO2.　4　These carbon emissions come from the energy used to operate the computers and access the Internet.
Recent calculations indicate if every email user sent one less unnecessary email each day,it would reduce CO2 emissions by 16,433 tonnes each year.That is the same as 81,152 flights between London and Madrid!
　5　 Avoid sending unnecessary mails,reduce the amount of spam you receive and regularly clean out your inbox.
A.The real impact may actually be even higher.
B.The server is designed to store huge amounts of data.
C.That means more energy consumed,and more carbon emissions.
D.An email with a lot text and attachment can be responsible for up to 50 grams.
E.It’s definitely worthwhile taking a few minutes to do an eco-friendly digital clean-up.
F.We assume that using emails requires only the electricity used to power our computers.
G.Quantities of emails require huge server farms—millions of computers storing information.
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2024九省适应性测试)
Whenever you have to write a paper,a letter,or any other document for work or school,you probably head toward the computer.Now,most people reach for 1.　　　　　　 (keyboard) faster than they pick up pens.In a Scottish primary school,however,Mr.Norman Lewis is taking a different approach.He feels that neat handwriting 2.　　　　　　 (be) still an important skill,so he has his students write not only by hand but also 3.　　　　　　 old fashioned fountain pens.
Fountain pens 4.　　　　　　 (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable.Today,a writer 5.　　　　　　 (simple) throws an empty pen away and gets 6. new one.
So far,Mr.Lewis is pleased with the results of his experiment.He reports that his students are taking more care with their work,and their self-confidence has improved as well.He is happy with the 7.　　　　　　 (improve) he sees in his students’ writing 8.　　　　　　 in his own writing.He knows that computers are here 9.　　　　　　 (stay) and that they will not disappear.However,he believes that the practice with fountain pens helps students to focus,to write faster,and they can feel proud of 10. (they).
Ⅳ.应用文写作
学校英语报就近三年暑假学生使用手机娱乐的平均时长情况进行问卷调查,作为校报记者,请就图表中的调查结果写一篇解题思路报告,内容包括:
1.问卷结果描述;
2.简单评论;
3.你的建议。
本校高中生近三年暑假使用手机娱乐时长调查结果
注意:1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.请在相应位置作答。
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答案：
Ⅰ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了去一家小博物馆的经历让设计师兼排版师MarcinWichary对键盘产生了兴趣,之后他开始制作一本关于键盘历史的全面书籍。
1.C　细节理解题。由第一段可知,参观博物馆后,Wichary对技术史的兴趣变成了对技术史中一个非常特殊的部分(键盘)的痴迷,可知他对技术的兴趣变得更加强烈。
2.A　细节理解题。由第三段中“He’dhadadiscoverywhilewanderingthroughtheexhibit:Eachkeyonakeyboardhasitsownstories.”可知,Wichary在欣赏键盘时发现了键盘背后的故事。故选A项。
3.C　推理判断题。由第四段中“Weareusedtoiterasingnow,butforahundredyears,erasingwasitsownincrediblycomplexeffort.YouneededtomasteraCometeraser,orWite-Out,orstrangecorrectiontapes,andpossiblyalloftheabove...orgiveupandstartfromscratchwheneveryoumadeasmallmistakeintyping.”可知,一百年前擦除本身就是一项极其复杂的工作,而现在人们习惯了退格键的擦除(暗指擦除变得简单了),Wichary想通过这种变化告诉我们退格键是长期改进的结果。故选C项。
4.A　推理判断题。由最后一段中“Amazedthatnocomprehensivebooksexistedonthehistoryofkeyboards,hedecidedtocreatehisown.”可知,Wichary自己写书是为了填补没有一本关于键盘历史的全面书籍的空白。故选A项。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了屏幕阅读的效果不如纸质阅读。
5.A　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“MaryanneWolf,whoworksattheUniversityofCalifornia,LosAngelesexplainedthatreadingisnotnatural.”可知,玛丽安·沃尔夫的观点是阅读对大脑来说是不自然的。
6.D　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Tounderstandtext,thebrainborrowsnetworksthatevolvedtodootherthings.Forexample,thepartthatevolvedtorecognizefacesiscalledintoactiontorecognizeletters.Thisissimilartohowyoumightadaptatoolforsomenewuse.”可知,在解释MaryanneWolf的观点时,作者将读和说进行了比较,并且把阅读比作用一种工具做另外一件事。
7.D　推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Baron,whoisascientiststudyinglanguageandreading,...So,whenpeoplereadon-screen,theyreadfaster.”可知,Baron认为我们对预期的、不同难易程度的阅读持有不同的“思维倾向”。屏幕上读到的大部分内容往往是短信和社交媒体帖子,它们通常很容易理解,所以我们的“思维倾向”是它很容易,我们可能不会付出太多努力。这与纸质阅读材料上的内容不同,对于纸质阅读材料我们会有不同的“思维倾向”。由此推知,Baron可能会赞同“我们在屏幕阅读和印刷阅读上有不同的思维倾向”这一说法。故选D项。
8.C　主旨大意题。通读全文,结合文章第一段中“Comprehension,theyfound,wasbetteroverallwhenpeoplereadprintratherthandigitaltexts.”和最后一段“Soifyoureallyneedtolearnsomething,you’reprobablybetteroffwithprint.”可知,本文说明了阅读纸质印刷文本比阅读电子文本更好,正好回答了C项“在屏幕上阅读和在纸上阅读哪个学得更好 ”这一问题,所以C项是文章最佳标题。
Ⅱ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,主要讲的是电子邮件对环境的不好的影响。
1.F　空前“Buthowoftendoweconsidertheenvironmentalimpactofthesemessages ”说明我们可能很少考虑电子邮件信息对环境的影响;空后“It’seasytoignoretheinvisibleenergyinvolvedinrunningthenetwork—particularlywhenitcomestosendingandstoringdata.”说明电子邮件是会消耗能量的,空格处应该说我们只会想到电子邮件所消耗的常见的能源。F项说明我们常见的想法,就是电子邮件只需要电,因此承上启下,符合语境,故选F项。
2.G　空前“Everysingleemailisstoredonaserver.”说明大量的邮件就需要大量的服务器。G项说明了大量的电子邮件需要庞大的服务器群,空后说的“Thesecomputersconsumemassiveamountsofenergy”中的Thesecomputers和G项中的“millionsofcomputers”一致,因此承上启下,符合语境。
3.C　空前说“Thesecomputersconsumemassiveamountsofenergy,24hoursaday,andrequirecountlesswaterorairconditioningsystemsforcooling.Themoremessageswesend,receiveandstore,themoreserversareneeded.”,空格处应该接着说那更多的服务器对环境的影响以及会消耗更多的能源。C项说明了更多的服务器会消耗更多的能源,造成更多的碳排放,影响环境,因此承接上文,符合语境,故选C项。
4.D　空前说“Accordingtocarbonfootprintspecialists,everyspamemailreleasesanestimated0.3gramsofCO2intotheatmosphere.Astandardemail,onewithoutanattachmenthasacarbonfootprintof4gramsofCO2.”,空后说“ThesecarbonemissionscomefromtheenergyusedtooperatethecomputersandaccesstheInternet.”,说明空格处也应该提到某种会导致碳排放的邮件。D项说明了包含大量文本和附件的电子邮件排放的二氧化碳的量,因此承接上文,符合语境,故选D项。
5.E　空后说“Avoidsendingunnecessarymails,reducetheamountofspamyoureceiveandregularlycleanoutyourinbox.”,这些都是减少邮件对环境的不好影响的方法,空格处也应该是一种方法。E项说明了一种减少邮件的不利影响的方法,因此引起下文,符合语境,故选E项。
Ⅲ.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了在苏格兰的一所小学里,诺曼·刘易斯让学生使用老式钢笔写字取得良好效果的故事。
1.keyboards　考查名词的数。根据空格前的介词for可知,空格处应填名词作宾语,keyboard为可数名词,前面没有冠词应用名词的复数形式。故填keyboards。
2.is　考查动词时态和主谓一致。空格处作谓语,本句陈述的是客观事实,应用一般现在时,且主语handwriting为不可数名词,应用动词的第三人称单数形式。故填is。
3.with　考查介词。根据空格后的名词“oldfashionedfountainpens”可知,空格处应填介词,表示“使用”应用介词with。故填with。
4.wereused　考查动词时态和语态。空格处作谓语,根据时间状语“longago”可知,应用一般过去时,主语Fountainpens和动词use之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填wereused。
5.simply　考查副词。空格处作状语,修饰动词throws,应用副词形式。故填simply。
6.a　考查冠词。空格后的代词one指代可数名词pen,此处表示泛指,且new以辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a。故填a。
7.improvement　考查名词。根据空格前的冠词the可知,空格处应填名词作介词with的宾语,表示“改善”是improvement,为不可数名词。故填improvement。
8.and　考查连词。空格前短语“inhisstudents’writing”和空格后的短语“inhisownwriting”为并列关系,应用and表示这种关系。故填and。
9.tostay　考查非谓语动词。根据空前的动词are可知,空格处应填不定式作表语,betodo为固定搭配,表示“必定会”,是对未来的一种推测。故填tostay。
10.themselves　考查代词。根据空格前的介词of可知,空格处应填代词作宾语,根据句意“他们自己”应用themselves。故填themselves。
Ⅳ.　　
Recently a survey about the time that the students spent on smartphones was conducted among students.
As can be seen from the chart,students spent an hour and a half on phones on average in 2024,while the time doubled in 2024.What is the most striking is that students spent 6 hours on smartphones in 2024.The number of hours students spent using smartphones during spare time has shown a sharp rising trend year by year.
Students are seriously addicted to smartphones,and this has a negative effect on their grades and family relationships.So I suggest that students turn off their phones,communicate with friends face to face,and engage in more outdoor activities.