译林版（2024） 七年级英语下册Unit 1 Home 单元知识点讲义

2024-2025学年七年级英语下册单元知识点
Unit1《Home》
1．Home is where the heart is．（P6）心之所在即为家。
where the heart is．是特殊疑问句作表语，句子用陈述语序。
2．homes around the world（P6）世界各地的家//different kinds of home life（P6）不同的各种各样的家庭生活//talk about what our home or dream home is like．（P6）谈谈我们的家或理想中的家是什么样子
home表示具体的房子、住宅、住所、养老院、疗养院等时是可数名词，复数形式homes。如：Her family put her into a nursing home．她的家人把她送进了一家疗养院。这里的“home”表示疗养院，是可数概念，可以有多家疗养院（homes）。buy a home买一处住所。这里的“home”也是可数的，表示一个具体的可以计数的居住场所。
home（强调归属感的）家、家乡、祖国时是不可数名词，没有复数形式。如：
I think of this place as my home．我把这个地方当作我的家。
3． ---better understand how different families show love．更好地理解不同的家庭是如何展示爱的。（P6）
how different families show love．是特殊疑问句作动词understand的宾语，句子用陈述语序。better 是副词well的比较级，修饰动词understand。
Welcome to the unit---Different types of houses
Part A
1．different types of houses不同类型的房子。
cottage村舍,小别墅// flat公寓//farmhouse n．农场住宅,农舍// modern house现代房子//town house n．联排式住宅//mobile home n．活动住房
Part B
1．---What type of house do you live in, Will 你住在哪种类型的房子里,威尔
---I live in a town house in the west of London．我住在伦敦西部的一栋联排式住宅里。（P7）
in the west of…在……的西部；如：Xishuang Lake is in the west of my home．
west n．, adj．&adv．西方;西方的;向西westernadj．西方的;
east//west//south//north; eastern//western//southern//northern
拓展：
be in the east//west//south//north of…（范围之内）= be in the eastern//western//southern
//northern part of…
be to the east//west//south//north of…（范围之外）=be +方位词+ of …
be on the east//west//south//north of…（相邻关系）= be on the eastern//western//southern
//northern part of…
如：Sunshine Zoo is north of Sunshine Middle School．阳光动物园在阳光中学的北面。
= Sunshine Zoo is to the north of Sunshine Middle School．
2．What's your favourite place at home 你最喜欢家里什么地方？---I like the study best．我最喜欢书房。（P7）
favouriteadj．表示“最喜欢” =like…best; n．特别喜爱的人（或物）如:
My favouritecolour is green． = I like green best．
3．There are hundreds of books in the study．书房里有成千上万本书。（P7）
数词hundred前面有具体数字修饰时，通常直接加名词复数形式；但表示数百泛指时，则用复数形式加of才可以加名词复数。如：
There are about over three hundred teachers in our school．我们学校大约有三百多名老师。
Hundreds of people go to the seaside every year．每年有成百上千的人到海滨去。
4．It's relaxing to read books there．在那里读书很放松。（P7）
It's + adj． + to do sth．做某事是……。动词不定式to do sth．是真正的主语，It是形式主语。
It's healthy for us to have milk and eggs often．对我们来说，经常喝牛奶吃鸡蛋是健康的。
It's important for me to get enough sleep．
relaxing adj．令人放松的,轻松的//relaxed adj．放松的,冷静的//relax vi．放松,休息
-ing形容词表示主动意义,多指事物对人的影响,一般修饰事物。
-ed形容词表示被动意义,多指人对事物的感受，一般修饰人。如：
Amy felt relaxed after talking about the relaxing subject with Daniel．
It's a good place to relax after a hard day's work．它是一天劳累之后放松的好地方。
5．I like my bedroom the most．我最喜欢卧室。（P7）
在本句中most是much的最高级，表示程度最深。如：
Will needs help the most．威尔最需要帮助。
6．It's a room of my own．它是属于我自己的一个房间。（P7）
own adj．&pron．自己的,本人的vt．拥有，所有。owner n．物主；拥有者，所有者。
of one’s own属于某人自己的//on one's own=alone=by oneself独自;独立地如：
Everybody has their own home．
I have my own bedroom and bathroom．
= I have a bedroom and a bathroom of my own．
I am the owner of the study．
Amy finishes her homework on her own//alone//by herself．
7．I can put up my favourite pictures on the wall．我能把我最喜欢的画贴在墙上。（P7）
put up张贴；挂起；举起；建造；搭起；设立；如：
Students all put up their hands to answer the teacher’s question．
He wanted to put up a picture on his bedroom wall．
He then spent five hours putting up the shelf on the wall．
= It took him five hours to put up the shelf on the wall．
put in/on/out/off（安装/穿上/扑灭/推迟）
Reading---Homes around the world (P8-10)
1．It can be in the form of text, photos or text with photos． (P8)它可以以文本、照片或文本加照片的形式存在。in the form of 以…．．．的形式
Food would most probably be in the form of pills and would not be so tasty．
2．My family lives in the south of Beijing． (P8)我的家人住在北京市的南部。
in the south of…在……的南部；=in the southern part of…
3．Our flat is onthe twenty-secondfloor． (P8)我们的公寓在第22楼。
楼层前面用介词on; Elsa lives on the twelfth floor of this building．
十位或百位的基数词,将其个位上的基数词变为序数词。如:
fifty-five →fifty-fifth
two hundred and sixty-one → two hundred and sixty-first
序数词修饰名词时前面须加定冠词the；January is the first month of a year．
4．I like to look at the nice view of the city there． (P8) 我喜欢在那儿看这个城市的美景。
view n．风景;看法;
拓展：view // sight // scene// scenery
view常指从远处或高处看到的scenery的一部分，有时可与scene互换。如：
There's an amazing view．景色非常迷人。
scenery指某地总的自然风景或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色；如：
The passengers were attracted by the scenery．乘客被风景迷住了。
scene指展现在眼前的情景，也可以指scenery的一部分，大多包括景物中的人及活动在内；如：
Ah! What a scene it was for her!哎呀! 她看到的是一幅什么景象啊!
sight既可以指场景、眼前看到的景观（多指人工的事物），又可以指名胜、风景；表示名胜、风景时常用复数。如：
We toured the sights of Paris．我们参观了巴黎的风景名胜。
5．I often help my parents in the kitchen and share stories about school with them． (P8)我经常在厨房帮父母的忙并且和他们分享学校的故事。
share vt．合用；分享share sth with sb与某人合用/分享某物。
Would you like to share your umbrella with me 你愿意和我共用一把伞吗？
6．I live in a town 15 miles from London． (page 8, line 9)我住在离伦敦15英里远的一个城镇。
句中的mile 意思是“英里”,1英里约等于1．6千米。“基数词+长度单位+from +某个地点”表示“离某地有……远”。 15 miles from London作定语修饰名词town。from:（表示两地的距离）从．．．；离．．．如:
The Summer Palace is about 15 kilometres from the downtown area of Beljing．
颐和园距离北京市中心大约15千米。
We're about a mile from home．我们离家大约有一里远。
7．My family and I live in a house with two floors． (P8)我和家人住在一栋有两个楼层的房子里。with 介词，表示“带有、具有、拥有某物”。如：
I often dream of a big house with a nice garden ．我经常梦想有一个带漂亮花园的大房子。
The old man lived with a little dog on the lonely island ．这个老人和一条小狗住在荒岛上。
8．We love to relax in our living room and chat over a cup of tea． (page 8, lines 10-12)
我们喜欢在客厅放松,边喝茶边聊天。句中的 over 意思是“在……期间”。如:
We will discuss the problem over lunch．我们将边吃午饭边讨论这个问题。
relax vi．放松,休息//relaxing adj．令人放松的,轻松的//relaxed adj．放松的,冷静的
-ing形容词表示主动意义,多指事物对人的影响,一般修饰事物。
-ed形容词表示被动意义,多指人对事物的感受，一般修饰人。如：
Amy felt relaxed after talking about the relaxing subject with Daniel．
It's a good place to relax after a hard day's work．它是一天劳累之后放松的好地方。
9．We always have fun with our dog there too! (P8)我们也在那儿和我们的狗玩得很开心！
have fun= have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得开心，过得愉快；如：
Amy usually has fun//has a good time//enjoys herself playing the piano．
10．There are seven people in my family．我们家有七口人。(P8)
There be句型，谓语动词就近原则。如：
There is some fruit and drinks on the table．
There are some drinks and fruit on the table．
11．We often eat our meals together on a carpet． (P8)我们经常在地毯上一起吃饭。
togetheradv．一起；一块儿；共同;如：All my troubles seem to come together．
12．Next to our farmhouse is a yard． (page 8, line 18)我们的农舍旁边是一个院子。
本句是倒装句,next to是方位介词，意思是“紧邻,在……近旁”，后面直接加名词，在句中作地点状语或表语。如:
I stood right next to him, but he did not notice me．我就站在他旁边,但是他没有注意到我。
Our class is next to theirs．我们班与他们班紧邻。
next to引导的介词短语置于句首时,句子常倒装。如:
Next to the Palace Museum is Tian’anmen Square．
Across the lake is a 17-hole bridge．湖上有一座十七孔桥。
On the wall are pictures．
注意：主语为代词时不倒装。如: Out he rushed．
13．We keep some hens there． (P8) 我们在那儿喂养了一些母鸡。
hen n．母鸡chick小鸡//chicken鸡的总称；鸡肉//roaster公鸡；狂妄自负的人。
句子中keep的意思是“喂养”，keep还有“保存、保持、记（日记、账等）、使……保持某种（状态、位置或动作等）”的含义。如：
Could you keep these letters for me, please
Please keep quiet．
She keeps a diary every day．
You’d better keep the child away from the fire．
14．My sister and I like to collect the eggs． (P8)我和姐姐喜欢捡鸡蛋。
collect vt．收集,采集 collection n．作品集;收集物
He used to collect cards, but now he likes to collect stamps．他以前收集卡片,现在却喜欢收集邮票。
He was grateful for a chance to relax and collect his thoughts．
他很庆幸有机会放松放松，整理一下自己的思绪。
a collection of stories by women writers女作家小说集
He has a valuable collection of stamps．他收藏了很有价值的邮票．
15．We also have a cotton field by the Nile River．(page 8, lines 20-21)我们在尼罗河边还有一块棉花地。
尼罗河是世界上最长的河流,位于非洲东北部,流经卢旺达、肯尼亚、埃及等多个国家。尼罗河下游谷地和三角洲是世界古文明发祥地之一。
a cotton field一块棉花地 an apple tree//a computer room// two art rooms//three cotton fields
16．During the busy season, we children often help in the field． (P8)
在农忙季节，我们孩子们经常在田地里帮忙。
Their parents are busy in the vegetable field． (P10)他们的父母在菜地里忙。
busy “忙的”；短语搭配：be busy with sth．// be busy doing sth．如：
He is busy with work． // I am busy writing a novel．
17．Can we change the title “Homes around the world" into “Houses around the world" (P10)
我们可以将标题“homes around the world”改为“houses around the world”吗？
change…into… “把……改为……”,“将…变成…”。如：
I knew how to change ice into water when I was four years old．我四岁的时候就知道怎么把冰变成水。
They are changing desert into farmland．他们正在把沙漠变成农田。
Grammar (P11-12)
A Cardinal numbers(P11)
1．pay attention to …注意(P11) pay attention to sth/doing sth．注意某事/做某事。如：
You must pay attention to protecting the environment．你们必须注意保护环境。
It's necessary to pay attention to every detail．注意每个细节很有必要。
2．Turn to pages 141-142。把书翻到141和142页。 (P11)
turn to翻书；求助；如：Turn to the next page．翻到下一页。
He turned to me for help．他向我求助。
轮到做某事：It’s your turn(n．) to serve (to me)．轮到你来招待我了。
3．It is on 28 Rose Street．它在罗斯街（玫瑰街）28号。// We live in Room 806, Building 15, City Garden． (P11) 我们住在城市花园15栋806号房间。地点前面用基数词，首字母必须大写。
4．It has an area of 160 square metres． (P11)它面积为160平方米。
=It is 160 square metresin area．
Our flat is 98 square metresin area． (P11)我们的公寓面积为98平方米。
=Our flat has an area of 98 square metres．
has an area of…面积为……=…in area面积为…… 如：
France has an area of over 260,000 square miles．= France is over 260,000 square miles in area．
法国的国土面积超过26万平方公里。
The company has an area of 2．3 million square meters．该公司占地2 300 000平方。
5…．the number of people and things． (P11)人和物的数量。
the number of… ……的数量,作主语时谓语动词须用单数。如：
The number of the students is 3357 in our school．
a number of… 许多，大量；后边跟可数名词复数。如：
A number of tourists come to visit the museum every year．
6．We often use a comma or a space to separate big numbers into groups of three from right to left． (P11)我们经常使用逗号或空格将大数字从右到左每三个一组进行分隔。
use …to …用……做……如：use oranges to make lanterns．
separate …into …把……分成……如：Please separate the students into groups of three．
from … to ．．．从……到……如：from morning to night．
7．Try to read the big numbers below．(P11)
try to do sth．表示尽自己最大能力做某事，等同于try/do one’s best to do sth．；侧重努力，为了达到目的而努力。如：
He tried to finish the work ahead of time．他尽力提前完成这项工作。在这个句子中，“try to do”强调了完成工作的努力和目标。
try doing sth．表示尝试着做某事。只是一种新的尝试，不带明显的目的性。如：
She tried eating pasta．她试着吃意面。在这个句子中，“try doing”强调了尝试新事物的过程和体验。
B Ordinal numbers(P12)
1．She is always the first in her class to get to school． (page 12,Part B)她总是班上第一个到学校的。
句中的 the first to do sth表示“第一个做某事的人”。“the +序数词 + to do sth”表示“第……个做某事的人”。如:
He is the second to sign up for the course．他是第二个报名参加该课程的人。
He is usually the first to get up in his family because he likes jogging in the morning．(P12)
他通常是家里第一个起床的，因为他喜欢早晨慢跑。
2．Her home is on the top floor, the twenty-second floor． (P12)她家在顶楼，第22层。
Pronunciation---Syllables in words(P13)
1．Words can be divided into syllables．单词可以被分为音节。
be divided into…被分为（成）…… A year is divided into 12 months．
2．Put on her head a lovely hat,… 头上戴一顶可爱的帽子，……
put on 穿、戴…… It’s cold outside, put on your coat please．
Integration---Sweet home(P14-16)
1．Simon is working on a project about homes around China． (P14)西蒙正在做一个关于中国各地家庭的项目。work on在．．．工作；致力于；从事；
·By the seaside in the east of China在中国东部的海边。
·Made of stone and seagrass由石头和海草建成。be made of由……制成（从制成品中能看出原材料）//from由……制成（从制成品中看不出原材料）//in（后跟地点）//by（后跟人）
2．Can hold up in strong wind (P14)能顶住大风。//可以在强风中坚持住。
hold up 支撑得住Hold it up so that we can see it．把它举起来以便我们能看到。
wind n．风,气流 a strong wind 一阵大风 windy adj．有风的windy days有风的日子
·Warm in winter and cool in summer冬暖夏凉
·In a mountain area of the south-west of China 在中国西南的一个山区。
·Made of bamboo．竹子建造。
·Two or more floors两层或更多
·No walls on the ground floor一楼没有墙。
·On the grasslands of the north of China．在中国北部的草原
·Like a big tent像一个大帐篷
·Made of wood and other materials 由木头和别的材质建造
·Easy to build and move容易建造和移动be +adj． + to do sth．如：Nice to meet you!
3．Lives in a cool house made of stone and seagrass． (P14)住在一个由石头和海草建成的凉爽的房子里。made of stone and seagrass过去分词短语作定语修饰名词house。类似用法还有：
a dress made of silk丝质连衣裙。a bridge made of stone石桥。a girl named/called Amy一个叫艾米的女孩。time spent on homework做作业所花的时间。
go fishing去钓鱼 go shopping//skating//swimming//camping
now and then时而；不时；偶尔Amy takes a book from the bookshelf to read now and then．
keep dry保持干燥
Lives in a home like a big tent(P14)住在一个像一顶大帐篷的屋里。like a big tent介词短语作定语修饰名词home。
4．China is very large and people in different areas enjoy different lives． (P15)中国很大，不同地区的人喜爱不同的生活。介词短语in different areas修饰名词people。
5．Where would you like to live, Sandy (page 15,Part C)桑迪,你想在哪里生活呢
短语 would like 意思是“想要,愿意”。常见的搭配是would like to do sth。如:
I would like to go swimming with you at weekends．我想周末跟你一起去游泳。
此外，would like 还可以用于礼貌地询问某人是否想要某物或做某事。如:
Would you like a glass of juice 要来杯果汁吗
Would you like to go shopping with me 要不要跟我一起去购物
6．Because life there is free and relaxing, and it's interesting to move with the seasons． (P15)
因为那儿的生活是自由清闲的，并且随季节迁徙是有趣的。
there后置定语修饰前面的名词life。
句子it's interesting to move with the seasons．中， it's + adj． + to do sth．做某事是……。动词不定式to do sth．是真正的主语，it是形式主语。
7．The beach is a great place to relax and have fun! (P15)沙滩是放松和娱乐的好地方。
句中动词不定式to relax and have fun作定语修饰名词作定语修饰名词。
8．My dream home is a house with two floors, away from the city centre． (P16) 我理想的家是有两个楼层的一栋房子，远离市中心。
away from远离…… Please keep away from fire/danger．
9．I can smell the flowers and hear the birds sing． (P16)我能闻花香听鸟唱歌。
smell vt．闻,嗅(气味) n．气味 smell linking v．+ adj． smell +n．/adj．
hear the birds sing
hear sb do sth意为“听见某人做某事”，暗示该动作已经完成或经常发生。
hear sb doing sth意为“听见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行。
She hears someone come into the room．她听见有人进了房间。
Who can you hear singing in the next room now 此刻你听见谁正在隔壁房间唱歌？
【拓展】除hear以外，see, watch, feel和notice等动词也有同样的用法。
10．I love to sit there at night and look at the stars in the sky．我晚上爱坐在那儿看天上的星星。
in the sky介词短语作定语修饰名词stars。
11…．so my grandparents can live with us and we can take good care of them． (P16) ……因此我的祖父母能和我们住在一起而且我们能照顾好他们。
so 连词，表示因果关系。take good care of them= look after them well．
12．Sometimes I help Mum and Dad with some cleaning． (P16)有时候我帮助爸爸妈妈做些清洁工作。= Sometimes I help Mum and Dad do some cleaning．
help sb． with sth．// help sb． (to) do sth．
do some cleaning做清洁工作
13．My dream home is a(n) ．．．away from/in the centre of/near ．．． (P16)
我理想的家是……远离/在……中心/在……附近。
in the centre of…在……中心My dream home is in the centre of the city．
Assessment (P17)
1．I can use cardinal and ordinal numbers correctly．我能正确地使用基数词和序数词。
副词correctly修饰动词use。
2．I can count the number of syllables in words and remember words with the help of syllables．
我能数出单词音节的数量并且在音节的帮助下记住单词。
the number of… ……的数量（作主语时谓语动词须用单数。）anumber of… 许多，大量（介词of后面跟可数名词复数。）如：
There are anumber of students in our school． The number of them is 3357．
with the help of…在……的帮助下；With the help of the teacher, Amy made great progress．
Further study (P17)
East or west, home is best．金窝银窝,不如自己的草窝。
A good home is made, not bought．一个好的家是建造的，不是购买的。
Home is the starting place of love, hope and dreams．家是爱、希望和梦想的起点。
Add:
Family and people make peace with everything．家和人和万事和。
Not a family, not a door．不是一家人，不进一家门。
Family books are worth ten thousand dollars．家书抵万金。
Every family has a difficult book to read．家家有一本难念的经。