译林版（2024） 七年级下册 Unit 3 My hometown单元知识点讲义

2024-2025学年七年级英语下册单元知识点
Unit3《My hometown》
No matter how far you may fly, never forget where you come from．(P30)无论你飞得多远，都不要忘记你从哪里来。
“no matter+疑问词”引导让步状语从句。其用法是：no matter+疑问词，疑问词-ever的含义为“……都……；不管……都……”，它们引导的让步状语从句可以互换。如：
Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnot mind．=Whateverhappened,hewouldnot mind．
无论发生了什么,他都不会介意的。
Nomatterwhat/which/who/where/when/whose+从句,+主句。（注意从句中的时态一般情况下用一般现在时态）如：
Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell．=Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell．无论你做什么,一定要做好。
Nomatterwhereyougo,pleaseletmeknow．=Whereveryougo,pleaseletmeknow．
你无论去哪儿,请通知我。
Welcome to the unit---Places of interest(P31)
Part B
1．What places shall we take the students from the UK to 我们应该带英国的学生去哪些地方呢 //We can take them to the Olympic Park．我们可以带他们去奥林匹克公园。
shallmodal v． (表示提出或征求意见);将要,将会 shall do sth．如：
Shall we play football after school =Why not play football after school
takev．拿;取;送;把…引向;花费;n．拿取;取得物；如：
Please take the rubbish to the rubbish bin．请将垃圾拿到垃圾筒去。
2．I agree． It's a symbol of China and attracts people from all over the world．我同意。它是中国的象征，吸引着来自世界各地的人们。
agree v．同意。agree with sb．同意某人的意见。如：I agree with you．
a symbol of… ……的象征。attract vt．招引;吸引attraction n．向往的地方;吸引。
介词短语from all over the world作后置定语修饰名词people。
3．I'm sure they'll have a great time here．我肯定他们在这里会玩得很开心的。
=I'm sure theywill have fun//enjoy themselveshere．
Reading---My hometown, Beijing(P32-34)
1．Welcome to Beijing, the capital of China! (P32)欢迎来到中国的首都，北京!
capital n．首都,首府 the capital of…capital和定冠词the连用。如：
London is the capital of England．=The capital ofEngland is London．
2．Let me show you around my hometown．(P32)让我带你参观一下我的家乡。
Let sb． do sth．show sb around领某人参观 如：
Amy will show them aroundour school．
3．In the centre of Beijing is the Palace Museum．(page 32, line 3)坐落在北京市中心的是故宫博物院。（倒装句）
本句是倒装句,主语是the Palace Museum。正常的语序是“The Palace Museum is in the centre of Beijing．”。本文出现的倒装句还有：
//Next to the Palace Museum is Tian'anmen Square．(P32)故宫博物院的旁边是天安门广场。
//Next to the bench is a big tree． (P36)长凳旁边是一棵大树。
表示方位的词或短语置句首时，句子要完全倒装。如：On the wall are pictures．
In the middle of the ancient city of Beijing is the Palace Museum, also called the Forbidden City．
注意：主语为代词时不倒装。如：Out he rushed．
4．It was once the palace of some emperors in ancient China．(P32)
它曾经是中国古代一些皇帝的宫殿。
once adv．曾经n． “一次”(表次数)。palace n．宫殿
emperorn．皇帝 actor演员doctor/visitor/ translator翻译家/inventor发明者
ancient adj．古代的ancient history
5．Withwonderful buildings and art treasures inside, it's well worth a visit．(page 32,lines 4-6)
(故宫)里面有绝妙的建筑和艺术珍品,非常值得参观。
(1)句中“with +名词+副词”结构充当状语,主语it指代 the Palace Museum。
(2)worth adj．值得,有价值;值钱；n．“价值”Get your money's worth．让你的钱花得值。常见用法有be worth sth． // be worth doing sth。若要加强其语气，可在worth前使用well、really、verymuch等修饰语，但习惯上不用very。如:
Some villages in the area are worth a visit．这个地区的一些村庄值得去看一看。
= Some villages in the area are worth visiting．
…it's well worth a visit．=…itis well worth visiting．它非常值得参观。(P34)
(3)treasure n．珍宝,珍品;财富 I have no treasure beside this．我此外再没有钱了。
6．Manyvisitors like to come early in the morning to watch the raising of the nationalflag．(page 32, lines 7-9)许多游客喜欢一大早来观看升国旗。
句中有两个动词不定式,第一个动词不定式是充当like的宾语,第二个动词不定式是充当目的状语。
visitor n．游客,来访者 actor//doctor//professor…etc．
raise vt．提升,举起,提起 raising n．升高 rise v．“（某物）上升，升起”
raisevt．饲养raise cows饲养奶牛
national adj．国家的 nation n．国家;民族;flagn．旗
watch the raising of the national flag观看升国旗仪式
7．Ifyou want to know more about traditional Beijing life,why not visit a siheyuan (P32)
如果你想更多地了解传统的北京生活，为什么不去四合院看看呢
If主将从现。如：If you are free tomorrow, we will visit the museum together．
why not do sth． = why don’t you do sth 为什么不…… Why not get up early
8．It's a group of four traditional Chinese houses in a square． There's a house oneachside and a courtyard in the middle． (page 32, lines 11-13)
它(四合院)呈正方形,由四座中国传统房屋围合而成。四边各有一座房屋,中间有一个庭院。
四合院是一种中国传统的院落式住宅。其格局为四面建有堂屋、住房、厨房等房屋,将庭院围在中间。
square n．正方形;广场;side n．一侧,一边 inside//outside
each side是指两者及两者以上的任意一边;both sides在两边(都);either side指两者中的任一边。如:There are many shops on both sides of the street．=There are many shops on each side of the street．=There are many shops on either side of the street．
a group of…一组……。There are a group ofpeople talking about the thing．
9．You can get a taste of the past through the hutong．(page 32, lines 14-15)
你们可以通过胡同体验到过去的日常生活。短语get a taste of 意思是“体验,感受”。如:
Students can get a taste of the country life during the holidays．学生们可以在假期体验乡村生活。
10．Feeling hungry Try some delicious Beijing duck． (P32)感觉饿了吗 尝尝美味的北京烤鸭。
Feeling hungry 是Are you feeling hungry 的缩略语，省略了主语。
tryvt．“尝试、品尝”；trysth． try vi．“尝试”；try to do sth．尽力做某事//try doing sth．尝试着做某事。
11．At night, remember to enjoy Beijing opera at one of the local theatres． (page 32, lines 17-18)
晚上,记得去一家当地剧院欣赏京剧。//You will have a great time in Brighton and rememberthistripfor a long time．(P40)你会在布莱顿度过一段美好的时光，并记住这次旅行很长一段时间。
句中的 remember 意思是“记得”, remember to do sth表示“记住做某事”。如:
Remember to tell me as soon as you arrive home．记住一到家就告诉我。
此外， remember doing sth表示“记得做过某事”。如:
I remember turning off the lights before I left the classroom．我记得在我离开教室前关了灯。
one of +可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词须用单数。如：
It is one of the wonders of the world．它(长城)是世界奇迹之一。
One ofmy friends is from China．One of my friends likes playing basketball．
12．Don'tmiss it!(page 32, line 18)千万别错过!//Don'tmiss the fun．不要错过这些乐趣。(P34)
句中的 miss 意思是“错过”。missvt．错过，失去misssth．//doing sth．如:
I missed lunch and I'm very hungry now．我没吃午饭,现在很饿。
此外,miss 还可以表示“未赶上//想念”的意思。如:
miss a bus/train/plane没赶上公交车/火车/飞机 miss their parents想念他们的父母
Amy missed catching the early bus this morning．(未赶上)
13．Beijing is an amazing city with many places of interest． (P34)北京是一个令人惊叹的城市，有许多名胜古迹。place of interest n．名胜
interest n．吸引力,趣味;兴趣
当"interest"表示"乐趣,兴趣,趣味性"、"利润,福利, 利息"时为不可数名词；当"interest"表示"感兴趣的事物或人"、"股份,股权"、"利益,利害关系"时为可数名词。如:
Local color added interestto the novel．(趣味UC)
I borrowed the money at 5% interest．(利息UC)
His two great interestsin life are music and painting．(兴趣C)
All he cares about is protecting his own interests．(利益C)
interesting有兴趣的;-ing形容词表示主动意义,多指事物对人的影响,一般修饰事物。如：
There are many interesting places in Beijing．在北京有很多有趣的地方。
interested感兴趣的;-ed形容词表示被动意义,多指人对事物的感受，一般修饰人。如：
I'm interested in what he says．我对他所说的话感兴趣。
14．Here is a plan for a great day!(P34)这是一个美好一天的计划!
Here be句型是倒装句。be动词的形式要与后面的主语保持一致。遵循的是谓语动词就近原则。如：Here is a pen and some books for you．//Here are some books and a pen for you．
当主语是名词时用完全倒装, 如：Here is the key．当主语是代词时用部分倒装,如：
Here you are．// Here it is!
a plan for… ……的计划。如：a plan for the weekend周末计划
What's your plan for the coming holiday 对于即将到来的假期,你有什么打算？
15．There are so many things to see and do． (P34)有很多事情要看，要做。
动词不定式to see and do 作后置定语修饰名词things。如：I have much homework to do．
Grammar(P35-36)
A Using a, an and the(P35)
1．Itdates from2008 and is an important building in the city． (P35)它可以追溯到2008年，是这座
城市的一栋重要建筑。
date from追溯到,始于;如：The Great Wall can date from 2500 years ago．
2．It is big enough for 91,000 people and is now a popular place for sports and music events．(P35)
它足够大能容纳91000人，现在是举办体育和音乐活动的热门场所。
be +adj． + enough for sth．//to do sth．如：Alice is small enough to go through the door．
B Prepositions of place(P36)
1．There are some flowers in front ofthe shop．(P36)商店前面有一些花。
in front of “在……前面”，后接名词或代词。在某个既定范围外的前面。如：
There is a playground in front of the classroom．教室前面有一个操场。
The car stops in front of us．车停在我们前面。
in the front of…“在……前面”，后接名词或代词。在某个既定范围内的前部。如：
I sit in the front of the car．我坐在车子的前排。
in front介词短语，“前面，在前面”。如：Look, a car is in front．
2．A boy is coming． He is standing outsidethe shop．(P36)一个男孩来了。他正站在商店外面。
is coming是动词come的现在进行时表示将来时。如：The bus is coming!
outside在……外边//inside在……里面
3．Theshopkeeperinside the shopissmiling at him．(P36)商店里的店主正对他微笑。
shopkeepern．店主 smile vi．微笑vt．微笑着说n．微笑,笑容 。smilingadj．微笑的
She smiles often and never says a bad word about anyone．她经常微笑,并且从来不说任何人的坏话。
wear/ have a smile on one's face面带微笑
have bright smiling eyes有双明亮微笑的眼睛
“smile at”表示“对……微笑，以微笑对待”。如：Everyonestoppedtolookandsmileatus．大家都停下来看并对我们微笑。I love the way you smile at me．
“smile to”通常用来指距离较远，双方不便交谈，向某人微笑示意；也有嘲笑、对某事一笑置之的意思。如：If you smile to people, they will also smile to you．
They are always friendly and always smile to me．
4．The tree leaves over the bench are waving in the wind．(P36)长凳上的树叶在风中摇曳。
leaf n．叶子pl． leaves
wave vi．飘动,摇晃 vi．&vt．挥手n．挥手;波浪 waving n．
The flag waved in the wind．旗帜在风中飘扬。
All around me I saw tall trees waving in the wind．我看见周围的高树随风飘动。
Bill waved his hand to us and then drove away．比尔向我们挥手告别后开车走了。
Her hair has a natural wave．她的头发是自来卷儿。
The boat was smashed by a huge wave．小船被一个巨浪掀翻。
5．Behindthe old man lies a dog．(P36)老人的后面躺着一条狗。（倒装句）
表示方位的词或短语置句首时，句子要完全倒装。如：On the wall are pictures．
In the middle of the ancient city of Beijing is the Palace Museum, also called the Forbidden City．
注意：主语为代词时不倒装。如：Out he rushed．
lie-lying(现在分词动名词) lie-lay（当“躺、位于”讲时的过去式）
lie-lied（当“撒谎”讲时的过去式）
lie 可数名词，“谎言”，a white / black lie 善意的/恶意的谎言
tell a lie/lies说谎tell sb a lie=lie to sb;
Mum lay down on the sofa and fell asleep quickly．
He told a white lie in order not to hurt her feelings．
Tom lied to his mother about his health condition yesterday．
Integration---Different hometowns, same feelings(P38-40)
Part A
1．Enjoy the museums and works of art,and meet local artists．(P38)欣赏博物馆和艺术作品，与当地艺术家见面。
works of art 艺术品work作可数名词时，意为“著作；作品”，常用复数形式。如：
I want to learn more about Chairman Mao’s works．我想更多地了解毛主席的著作。
There are many works of art in the museum．这个博物馆里有许多艺术品。
2．A building in the shape of… ……形状的一栋建筑(P38)
in the shape of… ……形状的；There is a cloud in the sky in the shape of a dragon．天空中有一朵呈龙形的云。
Part C
1．Irecommendthe Brighton i360 tower． (page 39,Part C)我推荐布赖顿i360观光塔。
句中的recommend 意思是“推荐”。如:
Our Chinese teacher recommends this classic novel to us．
我们语文老师向我们推荐这本经典小说。
此外,recommend还有“建议”的意思,常见用法是recommend doing sth． // recommend sb to do sth．recommend sb． for+奖项//recommend sb． as +职务如:
The doctor recommends doing regular exercise．医生建议经常锻炼。
I would like to recommend Daniel for this year’s Young Star Award．
We recommend Amy to be our monitor．=We recommend Amy as our monitor．
2．It's162 metres tall． (P39)它高162米。数词+量词+长宽高深等。如：5 meters long．
3．Youcan go up and see some amazing views of the city and the sea．(P39)你可以上去看城市和大海的美景。go up上去,up表示向上的方向；amazing views
4．It's full of stones． (P39)那里到处都是石头。befull of…=be filled with…充满……
5．It's nice to walk alongthebeach and take in the sea air． (P39)沿着海滩走很舒服并能呼吸海边的空气。along prep．沿着 take in吸入I’m eager to get out of the city and take in some mountain air!我很想离开这个城市，呼吸一下山上的空气！
6．The view at sunset is fantastic too．(P39)日落的景色也很美。
介词短语at sunset作定语修饰名词view；sunset n．日落,傍晚；sunrise日出
fantastic adj．极好的,了不起的。
PartD2
1．My hometown Brighton is a beautiful seaside city in the southof the UK．(P40)我的家乡布莱顿是英国南部一个美丽的海滨城市。
介词短语in the southof the UK作定语修饰名词city；in the southof… 在……的南部。
2．It takes about an hour by train to get to Brightonfrom London． (page40,Part D2)从伦敦坐火车到布赖顿大约需要一个小时。
句型 it takes (sb) some time to do sth的意思是“做某事花费(某人)……时间”。如:
It usually takes her an hour to do the housework．她通常需要花一小时做家务。
It takes me two minutes to answer the question ．
= I spend two minutes answering the question．
3．When you visit Brighton, go for a walk by the sea．(P40)当你去布莱顿时，去海边散步。
When引导时间状语从句，通常用一般现在时代指将来。如：What are you going to do when you
grow up
go for a walk=take a walk= walk去散步。如:
My parents often go for a walk/take a walk/walk along the road after supper．
4．The view along the beach is wonderful． (P40)沿着海滩的景色很美。
介词短语along the beach作定语修饰名词view；
5．You can also try some traditional British food like fish and chips． (P40)你也可以尝试一些传统的英国食物，比如炸鱼和薯条。
介词短语like fish and chips作定语修饰名词food；fish and chips n．炸鱼薯条；British adj．英国(人) 的。
6．Then go to Brighton Fishing Museum to see old boats andtools, and learn about the local people's traditional way of life．(P40)然后去布莱顿钓鱼博物馆参观旧船和工具，了解当地人的传统生活方式。动词不定式to see old boats andtools作目的状语。
7．At the end of your day, do not miss the amazing sunset． (P40)在一天结束的时候，千万不要错过令人惊叹的日落。
end n．终止,结尾;尽头。 till the end直到最后；at the end意为“在……结束时、在……的尽头”，通常需要接of短语，指具体的结束时间或终点位置。in the end“最终、最后”=at last=finally，用来表示最终的结果，不接of短语。如:
At the end of the year, work always piles up．年底总是积压一大堆工作。
In the end, they caught the thief．最后，他们抓住了小偷。
sunset n．日落,傍晚 sunrise日出
8．When the sun is setting, everythingseemsto be golden．(P40)当太阳落山时，一切似乎都是金色的。
set vi．落(下); 第三人称单数:sets现在分词:setting过去式:set 过去分词:set．
The sun began to set．太阳开始落山了。
everything pron．一切,每件事;复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。如：
Everything is ready． Let’s begin our meeting．一切准备就绪。我们开始开会吧！
seem linking v．似乎,看起来 seem+ adj．/+不定式+ that从句．如:
Some people seem to be always lucky．有些人似乎从来都是幸运的。
=It seems thatsome people are always lucky．
= Some people always seem lucky．
9．It is a small/medium-sized/large village/town/city． (P40)它是一个小/中/大村庄/镇/城市。
medium-sized中等大小的,中型的。如:
It's a medium-sized city famous for its environment．
这是个中等城市，这里以其优美的环境著称。