译林版（2024） 七年级下册 Unit 4 Chinese folk art单元知识点讲义

2024-2025学年七年级英语下册单元知识点
Unit4《Chinese folk art》
What belongs to the nation is a gift to the world．(P42)属于民族的东西是献给世界的礼物。
What belongs to the nation整个句子作主语；句子中What 是主语，belongs to谓语，the nation是宾语。
belong to…“属于……”如:
The house belongs to my grandfather．这房子是我祖父的。
=My grandfather is the owner of thehouse．
Does it belong to you 难道它就属于你吗？
The Chinese belong to the yellow race．中国人属於黄种人。
a gift to the world给世界的礼物。类似用法还有：
the key to unlocking the world．//answers to the endless questions．//the way to the park．//the entrance/exit to the shop//a window to different cultures．//messages to Wendy…etc
Welcome to the unit---Traditional Chinese crafts(P43)
1．They look so pretty at night, with all the different colours．(P43)它们在晚上看起来很漂亮，有各种不同的颜色。
look连系动词+形容词；副词so修饰形容词pretty；at night在晚上。介词短语with all the different colours补充说明主语They。
2．I love looking at the many types of lanterns during the Lantern Festival．(P43)我喜欢在元宵节期间看各种各样的灯笼。（注意介词的用法。）look at…看……; types of…各种各样的……
3．Me too． (P43)我也是。在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not 后多用宾格。=Same here我也一样。
4．My grandma has a beautiful old lantern． (P43)我奶奶有一个漂亮的旧灯笼。（注意形容词的位置。）
5．It's made of silk． (P43)它是丝绸做的。be made of由…制成+材料(看出制成品的原材料）be made from+材料（看不出制成品的原材料）/by（+人sb．）/in（+地点）…
6．I'll show it to you when you come to my home next time．(P43)下次你来我家时，我拿给你看。
I'll=I will; show it to youキshow you it（若直接宾语是代词宾格时不可替换。）
when引导时间状语从句时通常用一般现在时代指将来。next time下次
Reading---The art of paper-cutting(P44-46)
Paper-cutting-an art full of life剪纸---一种充满生命的艺术
Zhao Yue's hands move quickly． She is working on a picture ofbamboo． "I love paper-cutting," she says． "You don't need much to start working-just a pair of scissors or a knife and some paper． Anyone can try it," she adds．
赵越的手动得很快。她正在画一幅竹子的画。“我喜欢剪纸。”她说。“开始工作不需要太多东西---只要一把剪刀或一把刀和一些纸。任何人都可以尝试，”她补充道。
After years of practice, Zhao Yue is now a great master of paper- cutting． Her works on the walls in her home are beautiful．They are in the shape of flowers, birds, fish and landscapes．
经过多年的练习,赵越现在是一位剪纸大师。她的作品挂在家里的墙上，美极了。它们是花鸟鱼和风景的形状。
"Paper-cuts are not just beautiful． We use them to express our wishes． At the Spring Festival, we put them up on windows and doors for good luck," says Zhao Yue． “And at weddings, we put up 'double happiness' in the new couple's home for good wishes．"
“剪纸不仅漂亮。我们用它们来表达我们的愿望。在春节，我们把它们贴在窗户和门上以求
好运。”赵越说。“在婚礼上，我们会在新婚夫妇的家里贴‘双喜’，表示美好的祝愿。”
Zhao Yue makes the last cut． She hands me the bamboo picture, smiling, “This is called zhubaoping'an． It means ‘I wish you a safe and healthy life'．" The bamboo seems to be alive and the leaves look like they are dancing． I feel the warmth and life of this traditional folk art．
赵越做完了剪纸。她把竹画递给我，笑着说:“这叫竹保平安。它的意思是‘祝你平安健康’。”竹子似乎是有生命的，树叶看起来像在跳舞。我感受到了这种传统民间艺术的温暖和生命……
1．Zhao Yue's hands move quickly． (P44)赵越的手动得很快。副词quickly修饰动词move。
2．She is working on a picture of bamboo． (page 44, lines 1-2)她正在制作一幅竹子剪纸。
短语work on意思是“从事,致力于”。如:
He spent two years working on a children's book．他花了两年时间致力于撰写一本儿童读物。
3．"I love paper-cutting," she says． "You don't need much to start working-just a pair of scissors or a knife and some paper．Anyone can try it," she adds．
needsth． to do sth． We need more people to count the birds．You need special tools to do paper-cutting
a pair of jeans//trousers//socks//gloves//glasses…etc．一条牛仔裤//一双鞋//一双袜子//一副手套//一副眼镜
Anyone用于肯定句中译为“任何人”。
4．After years of practice (n．), Zhao Yue is now a great master of paper- cutting．(P44)//I feel happy when I practice (v．) this art form．(P46)
practice n．练习,训练UC; practice v．练习,训练practice sth．//doing sth．如:
practice football//playing football．
5．Her works on the walls in her home are beautiful．
介词短语on the walls作后置定语修饰名词works；介词短语作地点状语in her home修饰名词walls。
6．They are in the shape of flowers, birds, fish and landscapes．//They are made in moulds, in the shape of cute kids and animals．(P50)它们是用模具做的，做成可爱的孩子和动物的形状。
in the shape of… “……的形状”；usually in the shape of an animal
7．We use them to express our wishes．use sth．to do sth．;//express vt．表达,表示。
8．At the Spring Festival, we put them up on windows and doors for good luck," says Zhao Yue． //
“And at weddings, we put up 'double happiness' in the new couple's home for good wishes．"(page 44, lines 10-12)“在婚庆时,我们在新人的家里张贴‘双喜’剪纸,以表达美好的祝愿。”//I like to put up my paper-cuts on my bedroom wall． (P46)我喜欢把我的剪纸贴在卧室的墙上。
短语put up意思是“张贴,挂起”。如:
People also put up red paper-cuts at home during the Spring Festival in China．
在中国,春节期间人们也会在家中张贴红色剪纸。
此外,put up 还有“建造,搭建”的意思。如:
The workers are putting up a new building．工人们正在建造一座新房子。
9．She hands me the bamboo picture, smiling,…(page 44, lines 13-14)她微笑着把竹子剪纸递给我，……
句中smiling 是动词-ing形式充当伴随状语，说明主语的状态。如:
We throw snowballs at each other, screaming and laughing．我们互相扔雪球,尖叫着,大笑着。
hand vt．交,递,给hand in上交，递交hand it/them in
10．This is called zhubaoping'an． =This is named zhubaoping'an．
11．It means ‘I wish you a safe and healthy life'．"
mean v．意思mean to do sth．/doing sth．meaning n．意义,意思meaningful adj．有意义的；meaningless adj．无意义的；
What does this word mean？这个字是什么意思？=What is the meaning of this word？
mean doing sth．“意味着(必须要做某事或导致某种结果)”，其主语通常是指事物的词。如：
Being a student means studying hard．作为一个学生，(意味着)你要努力学习。
mean to do sth． “打算或企图做某事”, 其主语通常是表示人的名词或代词。如：　　
What do you mean to do with it 你打算把它怎样处理 　
What do / did you mean by．．． “你……是什么意思 ” ；如：　　
What do you mean by acting like this 你这样做是什么意思 　　
It is meaningful to join the party．//The ticket is useless． It's meaningless to keep it．
wish表祝愿，wish后的宾语从句多用过去时态，表示虚拟语气。如：
I wish you a very happy life．祝你一生幸福。
I wish I were 30 years younger．但愿我能年轻三十岁。
12．The bamboo seems to be alive and the leaves look like they are dancing．//But I want to make the picture come alive, so I need more practice(n．)．(P46)但我想让画面生动起来，所以我需要更多的练习。
alive adj．活着;有活力 alive、live、living都有“活的、有生命的”意思，与dead意义相反。其区别如下：
live通常只作前置定语，且一般用于动物；alive、living不仅可作定语，也可以作表语。alive只作后置定语；living前后皆可。如：
This is a live(=living) fish．=This is a fish alive．这是一条活鱼。（指动物，且作定语时，三者均可用。）
Who's the greatest man alive(=living man) 谁是当今最伟大的人物？（指人，不能用live） The fish is still alive(=living)那条鱼还活着。（指动物作表语时不能用live）。
seem +adj．// to do sth．//It seems that从句。
leaves 是叶子leaf的复数形式。//look like看起来像……
13．I feel the warmth and life of this traditional folk art．
warmth n．温暖〖UC〗 warm adj．温暖的
Red represents warmth．//create a warm and comfortable feeling．
(P45)短语和句子：
1．a great master of paper-cutting一位剪纸大师。
2．The importance of paper-cutting剪纸的重要性。importance n．重要UC; important adj．重要的
3．It takes years to learn paper-cutting．(P45)学习剪纸需要很多年。
//It takes time to become good at paper-cutting． (P47)擅长剪纸（剪纸剪得好）要花费时间
//A good work of art usually takes a long time to make．(P51)一件好的艺术作品通常需要很长时间才能完成。
//It must take a lot of hard work and practice．(P51)这需要大量的努力和练习。
take主要指花费时间和力气，一般只用事物做主语；
It takes/took/will take + sb． + 时间 + to do sth．动词不定式to do sth．是真正的主语，It是形式主语。如：
It takes me two minutes to answer the question．= I spend two minutes answering the question．
4．in different shapes．不同的形状。
5．bring us good luck=bring good luck to us给我们带来好运。
6．bring happiness to new couples=bring new couples happiness给新婚夫妇带来幸福。
7．give best wishes to children=give children best wishes给孩子们最美好的祝愿。
8．begin to learn how to do paper-cutting开始学习剪纸。
Part C
1．In fact, many people my age love it． (P46)事实上，很多我这个年纪的人都很喜欢它。
my age=of my age和我同龄的；如：Young people of Amy’s age love playing the piano．
2．I like making paper-cuts of animals and plants．(P46)我喜欢做动物和植物剪纸。//I like making pictures of landscapes with hills and trees．(P46)我喜欢制作有山和树的风景画。//I also enjoy making traditional paper-cuts． (P46)我也喜欢制作传统的剪纸。
make 制作 make music 作曲。
3．Now I can only make easy ones． (P46)现在我只能做简单的剪纸。句中ones指代前面提到的名词(paper-cuts)以避免重复。
拓展：one, ones, that, those用法区别
one 用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词单数；定语既可在其前,也可在其后。如:
---Do you have a car ---Yes, I have one．I have a good one．(one = a car)
This book is one that is needed by everyone．
ones 用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词复数；定语既可在其前,也可在其后。如:
--- Do you want a toy --- Yes, I want new ones very much．(ones = toys)
---Which windows ---The ones in the classroom．(The ones = windows)
that用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词单数或不可数名词；定语只能放在其后面。如:
The weather of Beijing is as good as that of Tianjin．(that= the weather)
those用来指代“同名异物”的可数名词复数；定语只能放在其后面。如:
The bikes made in China are as good as those made in USA．(those = the bikes)
注意：
1)．若one或ones前面有定冠词the且定语又在其后,这时the one或the ones可与that或those 互换。如:
The singer from Shanghai sang better in the concert than the one(= that) from Beijing．
The TV sets in that shop are as good as those(=the ones) in the supermarket．
2)．that作替代词，只能指物，不能指人。those作替代词，既可指物，也可指人。如：
The houses of the rich are generally larger than those of the poor．(those=The houses)
The students in our class are cleverer than those in their class．(those=The students)
4．It is my cousin's wedding day next month．(P46)下个月是我表弟的婚礼。
一般现在时是指按照计划安排要发生的事。如：The train leaves at 4:30 in the afternoon．
5．I am making a “double happiness" paper-cut for the happy couple．(P46)我正在为这对幸福的新人做一张“双喜临门”的剪纸。a “double happiness" paper-cut一张“双喜临门”的剪纸。
Part D
1 When and where do you often see paper-cuts in your life (P46)1在你的生活中，你经常在什么时候、什么地方看到剪纸 （注意特殊疑问词When 和where的位置）如：
We often play football on the playground on Sundays．（划线部分提问）
→When and where do you oftenplay football？
Grammar(P47-48)
A Possessive: noun + 's(P47)
1．He's still learning．(P47)他还在学习。still adv．还是,仍然。He's=He is; is和learning构成现在进行时。
2．Shall we go together (P47)我们一起去好吗？提建议的句式。= Let’s go together, shall we =What about going together =Why don’t we go together
B Possessive adjectives and pronouns(P48)
1．I want my classmates to tell me about their favourite traditional crafts．我想让我的同学告诉我他们最喜欢的传统手工艺。
want sb． to do sth．//tell sb． about sth．
2．A friend of mine is teaching me how to do paper-cutting．我的一个朋友正在教我如何做剪纸。mine=my friends;
3．Millie does woodcarving with her father． His work is amazing．Hers is also good．米莉和她爸爸一起做木雕。他的作品令人惊叹。她的也很好。Hers=Her work
4．We are making lanterns to decorate our classroom．我们正在制作灯笼来装饰我们的教室。
动词不定式to decorate our classroom作目的状语。
5．Are those postcards yours, Daniel (P48)丹尼尔，那些明信片是你的吗 （句子中的主语是those postcards；谓语动词是Are，yours是表语。）
=Are those your postcards, Daniel （句子中的主语是those；谓语动词是Are，your postcards是表语。）
6．It's nice of you to prepare so many presents．(page 48,Part B1)你们准备这么多礼物,真是太好了。句型“it’s/it is +形容词 + of sb to do sth”表示“某人做某事真……”。如:
It is kind of you to help me carry the heavy box．你真好,来帮我搬这个重箱子。
Integration---Learn and love folk art(P50-52)
1．Huishan clay figures from Wuxi are made from a kind of black clay． (page 50, Part A)
来自无锡的惠山泥人由一种黑色黏土制成。它们有鲜明的地方特色。惠山泥人是一种起源于无锡惠山的民间泥塑艺术。2006年,惠山泥人入选中国第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。惠山泥人的人物生动传神,线条流畅,色彩鲜艳夺目,构思巧妙细致,代表品种有“大阿福”等。
介词短语from Wuxi作后置定语修饰名词figures。
be made from…由……制成,制成品中看不出原材料。如：Paper is made from wood．
2．Look at those on your left．看看你左边的那些。(P50)
介词短语on your left作定语修饰代词those。
3． They have simple shapes and bright colours, and express wishes for good luck and a happy life．(P50)它们形状简单，色彩鲜艳，表达了对好运和幸福生活的祝愿。
simple adj．简单的;简朴的 simply adv．简单地;简朴地 easy adj．简单的;容易的。
拓展：simple//easy
simple侧重于事物本身的简单性，而不考虑是否容易理解和接受；easy则侧重于事物的易做性和不费力性，强调的是做事情的轻松程度。如：
It’s not easy to solve this simple problem．解决这个简单的问题并不容易。
句中“simple”强调的是问题本身的简单性，而“easy”则强调的是解决这个问题的轻松程度。
express vt．表达,表示。express wishes for…;表达……的祝愿。
4．The figureson your right are made by hand． (page 50, Part A)你们右边的塑像是手工制作的。短语 by hand 意思是“手工”。如:
All his toys are made by hand．他所有的玩具都是手工制作的。
5．They usually show popular scenes from traditional operas．(P50)它们通常表现的是传统戏曲中的流行场景。scene n．场面;现场;(戏剧等的)场；opera n．歌剧
6．Now you can have a close look at them and enjoy their beauty!(P50)
现在你可以近距离地欣赏它们，欣赏它们的美丽!
have a close look at…=look at …closely近距离地观看……
PartB
·Flying kites放风筝(P50)
7．*It is a very popular outdoor activity today．(P50)它（放风筝）如今是一项非常受欢迎的户外活动。outdoor adj．室外的,户外的 out+ door→outdoor
8．*Sunny, windy days in spring are good for flying kites．(P50)春天风和日丽的天气是放风筝的好时节。介词短语in spring作后置定语修饰名词days；be good for…对……有益；如：
Healthy lifestyle is good for your health．
PartC
1．How much do you know about Chinese folk art, students (P51)同学们，你们对中国民间艺术了解多少 How much表示程度。
2．Chinesefolk art comes from working people．(P51)中国民间艺术来自劳动人民。
come from=be from来自;working people劳动人民。
3．It shows things about ordinary people's lives, and it's usually made from everyday materials．(P51)它展示了普通人的生活,它通常由日常材料制成。
ordinary adj．普通的,平常的；everyday adj．日常的,每天的。
everyday//every day// daily
everyday只有形容词词性，只作定语，表示“每日的”、“普通的”，指普通或平常的事；daily不仅为形容词作定语，还有副词词性；daily 指“每日的”，指的是每 24 小时发生一次的，或指每日必然发生的。用作副词的daily几乎与every day(副词性短语，“每天”)同义，两者常可换用，只是后者更口语化。如：
Cooking dinners is her everyday job．做饭是她每日的工作。
These are my everyday shoes, not my best ones．这是我日常穿的鞋子，不是最好的。
We milk the cows twice daily [every day]．我们每天给奶牛挤两次奶。
I practices everyday English every day．我每天都练习日常英语。
4．Sometimes the craftspeople make their art without designing beforehand．(P51)有时工匠们在没有事先设计的情况下制作艺术品。
craftsperson n．(pl．craftspeople) 工匠,手艺人。
without sth．/doing sth．
People won’t live without water． Amy goes to school without having breakfast．
5．I respect the spirit of the craftspeople．(P51)我尊重工匠的精神。
respect vt．尊敬,尊重;n．尊敬;敬重;关系;方面；n．(复)respects敬意;问候。如：
All students should respect their teachers．凡是学生就应当尊敬老师。
I respect him as a writer and as a man．我尊重他这位作家，也尊重他这个人。
The students have great respect for their history teacher．学生们非常尊敬他们的历史老师。
We called to pay our respects．我们去拜望了，以表示敬意。
Please give my respects to your parents．请向你父母表达我的问候。
spirit n．精神〖UC〗the spirit of．．．．．．．．的精神
I shall be with you in spirit．我将在精神上和你在一起。
We need the spirit of teamwork!我们需要团队精神!
拓展：
(1)[名词]灵魂
He is dead, but his spirit lives on．他死了,但他的灵魂将永存。
(2)[名词]情绪;心境常用复数形式。 in high/low spirits情绪高涨/低落
They were in low spirits．他们精神不振。
6．The Huizhou inkstick is among the best of its kind．(P52)徽州墨是同类中最好的。
among prep．在…中，…之一(三者或以上) between prep．在…中，…之一（两者之间）
7．It gets its name from the old Huizhou area, largely in today's Anhui Province．(P52)它的名字来源于古老的徽州地区，大部分在今天的安徽省。
gets its name from…它的名字来源于……；得名于……
largely adv．主要地,在很大程度上large adj．很大的
8．The Huizhou inkstickhas a history of over 1,000 years and was very popular with ancient Chinese writers and painters． (P52)徽州墨有一千多年的历史，深受中国古代作家和画家的喜爱。painter n．画家 painting n．画作 artist n．艺术家；画家；雕塑家;
has a history of…有……的历史。
9．The Huizhou inkstick uses pine wood as its main material．(P52)徽州墨以松木为主要材料。pine n．松木;松树；main adj．主要的,最重要的 mainly adv．主要地。
10．It is very difficult to make． (page 52, Part D2)它(徽墨)很难制作。//I think it's creative to make wonderful pieces of art．(P51)我认为制作精美的艺术品很有创意。
句型“it is +形容词 + to do sth”表示“做某事是……”,其中it充当形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式部分。如:
It is necessary to learn about of the Long March．了解长征是很有必要的。
creative adj．有创造力的;创造性的create v．创造；creation n．创造;创作;创造物；创作物；creativity n．创造力
11．Usually the making of such an inksticktakes over a year．(P52)通常这种墨水的制作需要一年多的时间。句子的主语是the making of such an inkstick；谓语动词是takes；宾语是over a year。
12．The Huizhou inkstick is beautiful, and some people say the inkstickitself is a work of art．(P52)徽州墨美，有人说墨本身就是一件艺术品。
itself pron．它本身；it的反身代词，用于强调或指代先前提到的同一事物或生物，特指主语自己。它用于描述无生命的事物或动物的自身行为或特征。如：The cat is washing itself．
13．The cultural value of it它的文化价值(P52)
cultural adj．文化的 culture n．文化
valuen．价值〖UC〗valuable adj．=be of value有价值的；宝贵的；贵重的；valuelessadj．无价值的= be of no/little value如：The work is of value．//The work is very valuable．
14．The Huizhou inkstickis famous for its great quality and design．(P52)徽州墨水以其优良的质量和设计而闻名。quality n．品质,质量;人品,素质pl． qualities; be of good/poor/top quality质量好/差/上乘 The quality of the product is excellent．这个产品的质量非常好。
Tea of top quality is usually expensive．上乘茶叶通常很贵。
Kindness is the quality of being friendly．善良是友好的品质。(2024辽宁中考)
be famous for…以……而闻名。be famous as…作为……而闻名。如:
Anhui is famous for its tea．Luxun is famous as a writer．
15．As a fine example of traditional Chinese folk art, the Huizhou inkstick is an important part of Chinese culture．(P52)
作为传统中国民间艺术的典范，徽州水墨是中国文化的重要组成部分。
As作为；an important part of… ……的重要组成部分。
Further study(P53)
1．Many forms of traditional folk art in China have a history of over thousands of years．(P53)中国许多形式的传统民间艺术都有几千年的历史。has a history of…有……的历史。
thousands of… 成千上万的。
2．These show the creativity and wisdom of Chinese people．(P53)这些都显示了中国人的创造力和智慧。creative adj．有创造力的;创造性的create v．创造；creation n．创造;创作;创造物；创作物；creativity n．创造力wisdom n．智慧; wise adj．明智的，聪明的。