专题二第3讲 根据逻辑关系，化解阅读七选五【高分攻略】2025年高考英语题型技巧解读（含解析）

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专题二 阅读理解七选五
第3讲 根据逻辑关系，化解阅读七选五
一、近五年高考英语七选五考情分析
年份 体裁 话题 线索词汇考查情况（代词/同义词、近义词/反义词/数字/连接词） 涉及线索词汇的题目数量 干扰项与线索词汇相关特点
2019 说明文 介绍提升记忆力的方法 代词：“it”指代提升记忆力的某种方法；同义词、近义词：“enhance”与“improve”，“recall”与“remember”等；连接词：“firstly”“secondly”表顺序，“therefore”表因果 4 设置干扰项使用与原文部分同义词，但逻辑关系错误，如将因果关系表述为并列关系。
2020 议论文 讨论在线教育的利弊 代词：“they”指代在线教育相关的事物；同义词、近义词：“advantage”与“merit”，“disadvantage”与“drawback”；反义词：“convenient”与“inconvenient”；连接词：“however”表转折，“moreover”表递进 4 干扰项中出现与原文线索词相同的词汇，但语义与上下文不符，利用考生对词汇的熟悉度误导。
2021 记叙文 讲述作者克服舞台恐惧的经历 代词：“this”指代作者之前害怕舞台的情况；同义词、近义词：“fear”与“dread”，“overcome”与“conquer”；连接词：“but”表转折，“then”表时间顺序 3 干扰项设置与原文同义词相关，但与记叙文的情节发展不契合，偏离作者的情感变化和行动逻辑。
2022 说明文 关于健康饮食的建议 代词：“them”指代各类健康食物；同义词、近义词：“nutritious”与“healthy”，“consume”与“eat”；数字：提到食物摄入量的数字，如“a few times a week”；连接词：“also”表递进，“besides”表补充 4 干扰项包含与原文线索词汇相关的表述，但对健康饮食的建议错误，与上下文语义矛盾，如错误搭配食物种类。
2023 说明文 介绍环保出行方式 代词：“it”指代某种环保出行方式；同义词、近义词：“environmentally-friendly”与“eco-friendly”，“alternative”与“substitute”；反义词：“polluting”与“clean”；连接词：“in addition”表递进，“while”表对比 4 干扰项使用与原文线索词类似的表达，但逻辑关系错误，如将不同出行方式的特点错误对比或关联。
二、命题特征
1. 逻辑关系考查广泛：近五年高考英语七选五对各种逻辑关系的考查较为全面，涵盖因果、转折、递进、并列、总分等常见逻辑关系，要求考生具备较强的逻辑分析能力。
2. 逻辑关系与体裁结合紧密：不同体裁的文章，其逻辑关系的呈现方式有所不同。说明文常运用总分、因果、递进等逻辑关系来清晰地阐述事物或方法；议论文多通过转折、因果等逻辑关系来论证观点；记叙文则借助因果、时间顺序等逻辑关系来讲述故事发展。
3. 干扰项围绕逻辑关系设置陷阱：干扰项常常故意在逻辑关系上设置错误，如虚假因果、错误转折、不合理递进等，利用考生对逻辑关系判断的不准确性来增加解题难度。
三、解题技巧
1. 因果关系
技巧：当文中出现“because”“as”“since”“for”“so”“therefore”“thus”“hence”等表示因果关系的词时，要明确原因和结果分别是什么，选择符合因果逻辑的选项。注意选项中是否存在因果倒置或因果关系不成立的情况。
真题典例：（2022年真题）
原文：You need to have a clear understanding of your income sources. This is because knowing exactly how much money you have coming in is essential for creating a realistic budget. Therefore, list all your income streams, such as your salary, bonuses, and any other earnings.
选项：C. By accurately identifying your income, you can make informed decisions about your spending.
解析：原文先阐述了了解收入来源的原因（因为知道确切收入对制定现实预算很重要），“therefore”后说明要列出所有收入来源。选项C“通过准确识别你的收入，你可以对支出做出明智的决定”，进一步说明了准确识别收入（原因）与做出明智支出决定（结果）的因果关系，符合原文逻辑，所以C选项正确。
2. 转折关系
技巧：当看到“but”“however”“nevertheless”“yet”“although”“though”“while”等表示转折关系的词时，要意识到前后内容存在相反或相对的情况。选择的选项应与前文形成合理的转折对比，注意干扰项中可能存在的偷换概念或逻辑错误的转折。
真题典例：（2023年真题）
原文：New eco-friendly materials have many advantages. They are sustainable and can help reduce environmental pollution. However, they also face some challenges in terms of cost and production technology.
选项：E. Despite their positive aspects, these materials require significant investment in research and development.
解析：原文先介绍了新型环保材料的优点，“however”后指出存在成本和生产技术方面的挑战。选项E“尽管它们有积极的方面，但这些材料在研发方面需要大量投资”，“Despite their positive aspects”承接前文优点，“require significant investment in research and development”对应后文提到的挑战，形成合理转折，所以E选项正确。
3. 递进关系
技巧：遇到“besides”“furthermore”“moreover”“what's more”“in addition”“also”等表示递进关系的词时，要明白后文内容是在前文基础上的进一步深入或补充。选项应与前文在语义和逻辑上保持连贯且有递进，避免选择内容重复或无实质递进的选项。
真题典例：（2019年真题）
原文：One way to improve your reading speed is to preview the material before you start reading. This can help you get an idea of what the text is about. Moreover, it allows you to identify the main points and important details more quickly.
选项：B. Additionally, skimming through the headings and subheadings can enhance your previewing effectiveness.
解析：原文先介绍了预览材料能帮助了解文本内容，“moreover”后进一步说明能更快识别要点和细节。选项B“此外，浏览标题和副标题可以提高你预览的效果”，“Additionally”表示递进，且“skimming through the headings and subheadings”是对“preview the material”的进一步补充说明，符合递进逻辑，所以B选项正确。
4. 并列关系
技巧：若文中出现“and”“or”“firstly...secondly...thirdly...”“on one hand...on the other hand...”等表示并列关系的词或结构时，要注意选项与其他并列内容在形式和语义上的一致性。确保选项与并列的各项内容属于同一范畴或层面，且不存在逻辑冲突。
真题典例：（2020年真题）
原文：Social media can have both positive and negative impacts on teenagers' mental health. On one hand, it can provide a platform for self-expression and social connection. On the other hand, it may lead to feelings of anxiety and low self-esteem due to excessive comparison.
选项：D. Also, the constant exposure to perfect lives on social media can distort teenagers' perception of reality.
解析：原文用“on one hand...on the other hand...”阐述了社交媒体对青少年心理健康的两方面影响。选项D“此外，不断接触社交媒体上完美的生活可能会扭曲青少年对现实的认知”，“Also”表示并列，且内容也是在说明社交媒体对青少年心理健康的负面影响，与“on the other hand”后的内容并列，符合逻辑，所以D选项正确。
5. 总分关系
技巧：当文章开头出现总述性语句，后文分别进行阐述时，要寻找与总述内容相符且能合理展开分述的选项。若设空在总述句位置，则选项应能概括后文的主要内容；若设空在分述部分，则选项应与总述保持一致且符合分述的逻辑顺序。
真题典例：（2022年真题）
原文：Properly planning your personal budget is crucial for financial stability. You need to consider your income, expenses, and financial goals. First, make a list of all your sources of income. Then, categorize your expenses into fixed and variable ones.
选项：A. A well-structured budget can help you manage your money effectively and achieve your financial dreams.
解析：原文开头“Properly planning your personal budget is crucial for financial stability.”是总述合理规划个人预算的重要性。选项A“一个结构良好的预算可以帮助你有效地管理你的钱并实现你的财务梦想”，进一步阐述了合理规划预算的好处，与总述内容相符，且能引出后文对预算规划具体步骤的介绍，符合总分逻辑，所以A选项正确。
四、易错失分点
1. 逻辑关系判断错误：考生可能由于对逻辑关系词的理解不准确或粗心大意，错误判断了句子之间的逻辑关系，导致选择了与原文逻辑不符的选项。
2. 忽略上下文逻辑连贯：只关注选项中的逻辑关系词，而忽略了选项与上下文在语义和整体逻辑上的连贯性，使得所选选项虽然有相应逻辑关系词，但与原文内容不匹配。
3. 受干扰项逻辑陷阱影响：干扰项设置的虚假逻辑关系很容易迷惑考生，考生没有仔细分析就可能被误导，选择了看似有逻辑关系但实际上错误的选项。
4. 对特殊逻辑关系不敏感：对于一些特殊的逻辑关系，如时间顺序、对比关系等，考生可能不够敏感，没有准确把握其在文章中的作用，从而影响解题的准确性。
五、实战演练
1.（2025·云南省曲靖市高三第一次质量检测）
Cultivating good practices and integrating them into your daily routine can make you a far more dynamic, efficient, and productive writer. In fact, making a few small adjustments can make all the difference.
Write Every Day
Try to write every day without fail. 1 Depending on your schedule and other commitments, an hour a day five or six days a week would be a good starting point. If your time is especially limited, try to organize your thoughts and develop an idea of what you want to write beforehand so it saves “thinking” time when the opportunity comes to sit down at the computer.
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This means filing away everything you write in a logical order so you can easily find it again later, and regularly backing up your files to avoid losing anything. Make to-do lists so you don’t forget anything important, prioritize time-sensitive projects, and keep detailed records of everything you submit.
Create Clear Goals
3 Put forward a strategy that will give you the best chance of getting there. One inescapable commitment is word count. You should always aim to work smarter, not harder, but as a writer, you won’t get very far if you don’t write.
Read Widely
Try to set aside a reading period — half an hour immediately before you go to sleep, for example — and stick to it. Don’t just read your favorite types, but read everything you can get your hands on. Study the various techniques and styles you come across. 4 You can learn just as much from bad writing as you can from good writing.
Keep Records
Life is happening all around you, so document as much of it as you can. You never know when inspiration will strike. While a great many writers still prefer the old “pen and notepad” approach, you can just easily write notes using an app on your smartphone or even email them to yourself. When you have an idea for a story, write it down immediately. 5
A．Be Organized
B．Submit Files on Time
C．It doesn’t even have to be for long.
D．Don’t trust yourself to remember it later.
E．Make notes about what works and what doesn’t.
F．Think seriously about what you want to accomplish.
G．Good writing begins with a deep understanding of your subject.
2. （2025·新疆乌鲁木齐地区高三第一次质量监测）
Tips for Setting Boundaries
We’ve all been there: Sometimes you know that you need to decline someone’s request, but somehow, in the end, you reluctantly agree to take on an additional responsibility. 6 If you experience difficulties with setting boundaries, don’t lose hope. Here are ways to sharpen this tool.
Care how you feel.
7 You can feel them throughout your body. When someone approaches you with a request, pay attention to your body’s response. It tells you how to respond before you even say a word. For example, as they speak, you might feel muscle tension. This is a signal from your body to say no.
Don’t delay giving your response.
When someone approaches you with a request, a common strategy is to buy time. By doing this, you secretly hope that they will miraculously forget the request, and that you will be off the hook. However, this strategy does not work. Not resolving the matter in real time allows emotional forces such as guilt to influence you. 8
Don’t overexplain yourself.
In an effort to cope with difficult emotions such as guilt, you tend to overshare the reasons for saying no. However, the more information you share, the more likely you are to be persuaded into saying yes. By sharing information, you are only providing someone with the opportunity to build a case for overriding your boundaries. 9 You can be kind and direct when setting boundaries.
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It can take time to become expert in any skill. The same holds true with setting boundaries. At first, setting boundaries can feel uncomfortable. You may struggle for words or not sound convincing, but over time, it gets easier. Remember that not setting boundaries is also hard. Constantly walking on eggshells for fear of upsetting people is an exhausting way to live.
A．Set boundaries often.
B．Don’t be afraid of explaining.
C．Emotions are not just in your head.
D．The reason is that you lack firm boundaries.
E．When saying no, you should keep it short and sweet.
F．As a result, a delayed no may turn into a reluctant yes.
G．Setting the mental boundary lets you play multiple roles at home.
3.（2025·贵州省毕节市高三第一次诊断性测试）
Life throws challenging situations on our way from time to time. Persevering through challenges can be difficult and will test our strength and resilience (复原力). Thankfully, there are ways to help us make it easier!
Try to remain calm.
1 It will make us lose control of our emotions, leading to poor decision-making. When challenges arise, it is helpful to take a step back, observe the situation without letting emotions control us, and then act. Once we are calm, we can better analyze the situation and carry out a plan of action.
Accept what is happening.
When life gets challenging, it is often beyond our control. In this case, what we should do is to accept the situation and do whatever is in our control to grow from it. 2 That’s to say, we need learn from the situation and forgive ourselves. Once we are able to accept the situation and let go, we will be able to move forward and think clearly about the next steps. 3
When we are faced with stressful situations, it is common to think the worst scenario (设想) will happen. It can be difficult for us to take a step back and recognize that things will not be this way forever. Instead, keeping a balanced attitude can help us to change our mindset. 4
Seek support.
Seeking support, whether it is from a friend, family member, or a professional, is never a sign of weakness. 5 It can provide emotional support and a new perspective on the situation. Most importantly, it can help us brainstorm possible solutions, so that we can face the challenge better.
A．Adopt a balanced attitude.
B．Focus on the positive aspects.
C．It is important to acknowledge mistakes.
D．Acceptance also includes accepting ourselves.
E．Turning to someone for help has many benefits.
F．When challenging events happen, we may feel panic.
G．It can also help us address negative thoughts and challenges.
4.（2025·山东省日照市高三校际联合考试）
In recent years, outdoor sports have become increasingly popular. According to the General Administration of Sport, over 400 million participations in outdoor activities have been recorded nationwide, with those born in the 1980s and 1990s leading the trend. 1 This has led some to associate outdoor sports with heightened risks.
Driven by the desire to share “brave explorer” moments online or a “come all the way up here” mindset, many beginners to outdoor adventure without proper preparation. In reality, outdoor activities can be dangerous without adequate skills and risk awareness. Beginners who ignore potential dangers may face hypothermia (失温) when hiking to high altitudes, get lost in forests, or be caught in thunderstorms. 2
So, how can we make outdoor sports safer 3 Before heading out, research the environment, climate, and seasonal conditions to choose a safe route and avoid risky or hard-to-access spots. Always check the weather forecast and prepare proper plans. Knowing the trail’s elevation, difficulty level, supply points and emergency stations is crucial, and planning alternative escape routes can be life-saving. 4 Layered clothing is essential to adapt to changing weather conditions. Follow the principle of “remove layers when warm, add layers when cold and change clothes when wet”. This includes moisture-wicking (吸湿排汗的) inner layers, insulating (绝缘的) mid-layers and waterproof outer layers to stay warm and dry.
5 Remember to tell friends or family about your route and estimated return time so they can assist if needed. With proper preparation and safety measures, these adventures can be both exciting and rewarding.
A．Having the right equipment is equally important.
B．On the whole, outdoor sports should not be a risky game.
C．A well-thought-out plan and thorough preparation are vital.
D．All in all, outdoor sports can bring great fun and knowledge.
E．However, the rise in accidents has cast a shadow on this enthusiasm.
F．These incidents highlight that outdoor sports are far more than a simple trip.
G．They often lack the necessary equipment and awareness to ensure their safety.
5.（2025·河北省邢台市高三期末）
In the digital age, people take many measures to protect their privacy online. 1 Your valuable information, browsing(浏览) history, and passwords can be easily got by others. Although governments around the world are taking steps to improve the situation, it's still largely up to individuals to try to preserve their privacy online. Here are some useful ways to protect your online privacy.
Use strong codes(密码). A long and complicated code that combines special characters can be the first step towards securing yourself online. It is recommended that you should not use the same code in different social media. 2
Install (安装) a private network. Installing a private network is necessary for those who are fond of using public Wi-Fi. 3 If a person manages to hack your device or your connection, they cannot steal anything, as all your information will be unreadable.
4 The less information you expose to others, the smaller your digital footprint and the less data criminals can collect, expose, and use against you. Don’t share your personal information on social media platforms and chat apps. Avoid posting about vacations, family member names, car and banking information, schools you attended, or your birthday.
Update social media privacy settings. It has been found that some companies are in partnership with social media platforms to exchange revenue (收益) with personal information. 5 You can update your social media privacy settings so that only permitted friends can view your posts, photos, and other information.
A．Share as little as possible.
B．However, some of them are of little use.
C．Don’t share your privacy with your friends.
D．However, the power to share personal data is in your hands.
E．Also, try to keep your passwords secret and change them regularly.
F．A private network can make sure that no one can see what you’re doing online.
G．Many people connect their personal social media accounts to third-party apps.
6.（2025·辽宁省大连市高三期末双基考试）
Whether a friend has broken up with their long-term partner, a colleague is losing his job, or a loved one has been diagnosed with a health condition, there are times when people share difficult news with us. We may be unsure about how best to help or feel awkward and uncomfortable. 1
Show you care
Ruth, a psychologist at Stony Brook University, recommends trying to find somewhere quiet to have the conversation if possible. 2 “Good eye contact and relaxed non-verbal cues, such as leaning forward slightly, nodding and using appropriate facial expressions that convey warmth and empathy can put the person at ease. Acknowledging their feelings through statements helps people feel heard,” Ruth continues.
Ask what they need
Sometimes people need to let off steam and other times they want solutions, so it’s best to ask how you can support them. Check whether they would like advice or just to share their experience. Ruth says, “ 3 ”
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Accidentally we tend to understate the person’s experience with comments like “ 5 ” This can invalidate (驳斥) their feelings and experiences. Ruth also recommends trying to avoid offering uninvited advice, or pushing the person into problem-solving before they feel ready. “They may already be overwhelmed and a barrage of possibilities and solutions, without a good understanding of all the factors, can be unhelpful and make the person feel unheard,” she says. “Try to avoid making yourself the focus of the conversation,” adds Ruth.
A．It could have been worse.
B．It is the worst news I’ve heard.
C．Try not to minimize or make it about you.
D．Avoid looking at your phone or other distractions.
E．Listening is more powerful than comforting words.
F．Here, we look at what to do when someone shares their difficult news with you.
G．Asking can offer the person a sense of being heard when they feel overwhelmed.
7.（2025·湖北省部分重点中学高三第二次联考）
If you are a perfectionist, you follow high standards and always try to do everything well. 1 Researchers find pursuing perfection can have serious effects on mental health.
In a 2016 study, researchers studied the relationship between perfectionism and depression over time. 2 Although people may believe that their perfectionism contributes to their success, it seems to be harmful to their mental health.
Is perfectionism always harmful 3 Some suggest the possibility of adaptive perfectionism, where people stick to high standards without self-criticism of their own mistakes. However, others believe that perfectionism is not adaptive and they don’t think it is beneficial.
So what can perfectionists do to change their behavior Psychologists point out that giving up on perfection does not necessarily mean less success. 4 A possible alternative to perfectionism is what psychologists call a growth mindset. Unlike those with a fixed mindset, those with a growth mindset believe that they can improve their abilities by learning from their mistakes.
5 To understand self-sympathy, think about how you would respond to a close friend if they made a mistake. It is likely that you will respond with kindness and understanding, knowing that your friend is doing it out of good intentions.
A．Another is to cultivate sympathy for oneself.
B．Psychologists have heated debates over this issue.
C．In the long run, accepting imperfection can actually help.
D．Perfectionism can be beneficial in some certain situations.
E．High standards are one thing, but perfectionism is another.
F．The key to overcoming perfectionism is to avoid it at all cost.
G．They found high levels of perfectionism often increased depression.
8.（2025·山东省济宁市高三期末）
It’s no secret that artificial intelligence is changing the way we work. With more and more simpler tasks being automated, humans are left with more high-level cognitive work, such as idea generation, strategic planning, and creative writing. 1
The problem is that we still follow a mindset that resembles the era of assembly (组装) lines, which doesn’t foster or facilitate the type of work needed today. Leaders constantly measured productivity in terms of how many hours an employee spent at work or the number of abstract targets they reached. 2 This type of output doesn’t fit in the era of AI. Instead, we have to make a psychological switch, structuring each workday for quality instead of quantity.
Start by kicking the old method of continuous work throughout the day. Research shows that continuous work impairs creative idea generation and high quality, complex cognitive work. 3 It’s recommended that using work sessions that are about 90 minutes long, attacking the hardest part of the task in the first 20 minutes and moving to the slower, easier work during the remaining time.
4 Therefore, managers should consider the principal area that a team or individual is working on rather than imposing the same work schedule across a team or an organization. Data suggests that it’s better to work on tasks that involve creativity, imagination, and problem solving during the first few hours of the day and again right before you go to sleep. 5 In between the focused work sessions, make time for a nap or for easy work that doesn’t require much creativity or focus.
A．That’s because people tend to overwork.
B．The time of day will also make a difference.
C．As a result, quantity of work was prioritized.
D．To excel in the new era, we’ll need to transform how we work.
E．With every new technology comes fear and then new opportunity.
F．Because of that, it’s better to work in bursts, giving the mind a rest.
G．The middle of the day is better for something calling for concentration.
9.（2025·北京市东城区高三期末）
While compliments (赞扬) may seem simple, they can have a large impact on you and the people around you, creating a ripple of positivity. However, giving compliments requires skills and knowledge.
Most compliments in our culture follow a very predictable pattern. 1 About two-thirds of compliments in the US are made using just five adjectives: nice, good, beautiful, pretty, and great. In addition, about 80% of compliments follow three formats. So if I liked a book you wrote and wanted to say something positive about it, my compliment would probably follow one of these basic patterns: “Your book is great,” “I love your book,” or “That is a terrific book.”
2 . For example, in 2011 a scholar showed that women in unstructured settings both give and receive far more compliments than men. About three-quarters of women’s compliments to other women in an unstructured, informal setting involve appearance. In a goal-oriented, formal setting, 68% of praise statements are about performance. 3
Whether the compliment is effective depends on whether it is believable, appropriate, and unqualified. 4 If you tell me my hair looks good, I will dismiss it and suspect your motives, because I have little hair. More generally, people with low self-esteem don’t usually receive compliments well. As researchers have shown, in people with high self-esteem, a compliment stimulates parts of the brain responsible for self-referential thinking. This occurs significantly less for people who have low self-esteem.
Even if a compliment agrees with one’s self-conception, scholars concluded, it must meet three criteria to be accepted by its object. 5 It must be sincere. And it must occur in the appropriate context.
A．It must follow the basic patterns.
B．The praise must come from a person with credibility to give it.
C．What we choose to compliment depends on gender differences.
D．A good compliment must not conflict with its recipient’s self-conception.
E．If people have negative view of a person, they would resist his compliments.
F．In contrast, men are more likely to compliment one another on performance in all settings.
G．They are generally directed toward another person’s appearance, performance, or possessions.
10.（2025·云南省昆明市第一中学高三第五次联考）
When faced with a big challenge where potential failure seems to hide at every corner, maybe you’ve heard this advice before, “Be more confident.” 1 Take the belief that you are valuable, worthwhile, and capable, and add in the optimism that comes when you are certain of your abilities. 2 This is confidence. It turns thoughts into action.
So where does confidence even come from There are several factors that impact confidence, such as what you’ re born with and how you’ re treated when growing up. 3 But the personal choices we make certainly play a major role in confidence development. So, by keeping in mind the following two practical tips, we do actually have the power to cultivate our own confidence.
Tip 1: A quick fix. There are a few tricks that can give you an immediate confidence boost in a short term. Picture your success when you’re beginning a difficult task. Something as simple as listening to music with deep bass can promote feelings of power. 4
Tip 2: 5 If you are looking for a long-term change, consider the way you think about your abilities and talents. Do you think they are fixed at birth, or that they can be developed, like a muscle These beliefs matter because they can influence how you act when you’ re faced with setbacks. If you have a fixed mindset, meaning that you think your talents are locked in place, you might give up. But if you have a growth mindset and think your abilities can improve, a challenge is an opportunity to learn and grow. It turns out that people who have a growth mindset are more successful and doing better in face of challenges.
A．But what is confidence
B．But what do you believe in
C．Fix your mindset in a stable state.
D．Believe in your ability to improve.
E．It isn’t possible to completely alter these factors.
F．Then act courageously to face a challenge head-on.
G．You can even strike a powerful pose or give yourself a positive talk.
题型二 阅读七选五之记叙文类
1.（2025·山东省部分学校高三毕业班质量检测）
One morning, a group of six teenage girls and their adult leader began their hike from a cottage, expecting mild weather. 1 The first part of their route was exposed and the path was narrow, so it could be dangerous for the lighter girls in the group. Realizing the situation was worsening, the adult leader decided to turn the group back to the hut before they reached the most exposed section of the path.
While the girls were disappointed and eager to continue, the leader knew that safety had to come first. Back at the cottage, the leader reassured (安慰) the group that they were safe and explained why returning was the best choice. 2 Though some of the girls were upset, they quickly understood the importance of staying sheltered until the weather improved.
The leader took a moment to assess their resources. The weather forecast predicted worsening conditions later, and they might be stuck at the cottage for longer than expected. Fortunately, everyone had planned for situations like this. They had brought extra food, so they were well-prepared to wait for a day or two if needed. 3
To avoid their families’ concerns, the group used satellite communication devices to let them know they were safe. 4 The leader continued to monitor the weather and noticed the wind slowly calming. As conditions improved, the group continued their hike safely.
5 Not only did they turn what could have been a dangerous situation into an opportunity for learning, but they also gained valuable experience in managing the unexpected outdoors.
A．This foresight allowed the group to remain calm.
B．They decided to stay put until the wind died down.
C．This also prevented the risk of an unnecessary search.
D．The girls built a shelter using available materials for protection.
E．The leader decided to call for help immediately after turning back.
F．However, the wind quickly became much stronger than forecasted.
G．The group stayed calm, planned ahead, and communicated effectively.
2.（2025·福建省泉州高中毕业班上学期质量检测（二））
I always admired my grandmother Jenny’ s gardening skills. But it wasn’t until a sunny afternoon in her backyard that I became interested in gardening myself. We were there to grow tomatoes. She handed me a tiny young tomato plant. 1 It’s a family tradition!
Over time, the tiny seedling (幼苗) had grown into a large tomato plant with many juicy red tomatoes. Harvesting those tomatoes with my grandma was a joy I won’t forget. We spent hours in her kitchen making delicious homemade spaghetti sauce. 2
My time in the garden with my grandma showed me that gardening is more than just a hobby. It’s a way to connect with our roots. The garden became something we both loved, bringing us closer together and creating a strong bond.
3 I watered the plants too much and forgot to take care of the soil. It was a learning experience. But I didn’t give up. Instead, I saw these moments as opportunities to learn. I read books, went to workshops, and asked experienced gardeners in my community for advice.
Yet, Mother Nature can be unpredictable. from unbearable heat to unexpected frosts. I lost some of my favorite plants due to extreme weathers. 4 I used drought-tolerant plants and protective coverings like shade cloths and frost blankets to help my strong plants grow.
Gardening is a lifelong journey of learning. 5 It’s like finding a hidden library, where each plant and plot offers something new to discover. The more time I spend in the garden, the more I realise that the soil is not just a place for plants to grow — it’s also ideal ground for my personal growth.
A．Gardening in cold weather will be rather tough.
B．Just the smell alone brought back so many memories.
C．However, my first attempts at gardening didn’t go very well.
D．Then she shared stories of her own grandmother doing the same.
E．And grandma’s gardening journey connects with me emotionally.
F．It’s always changing and requires us to stay open to new knowledge.
G．But I started planting with the climate in mind instead of getting upset.
3.（2025·广东省华附 省实 广雅 深中四校高三期末联考）
On July 4, 1972, a pair of young newlyweds named Tony and Maureen were on the driveway of a family home in the south of England. 1 . Or somewhere. They had a trunk full of food, cooking equipment and some sleeping bags. They believed that their journey across Asia would be nothing more than a little adventure before they settled down to a steady, middle-class life in England.
And it turned out to be just the kind of adventure the couple longed for. They got caught in a snowstorm in the Italian Alps; bumped into a motorcycle in Iran; then sold their car. From there, it was a bus to Pakistan, then on to India. The couple hitchhiked south across Thailand and on through Malaysia and Singapore. 2 .
Tony and Maureen each lost more than ten pounds in the five and a half months it took them to get from England to Australia. 3 . And by the time they made it to Sydney they had precisely twenty-seven cents left to sustain them.
4 . The bookshops they could have visited back in England in 1972 would have had precious little to offer in the way of practical advice for their route.
But that’s not to say that Tony and Maureen had nothing to guide them. As they would discover soon, their single best source of information was the other travelers they’d encounter on the road. 5 . And these notes would ate prove to be a very valuable resource for the book Across Asia on the Cheap, beginning of their Lonely Planet guidebooks — the gospel (真理) of adventure travel for tens of millions of readers.
A．They would also exchange information.
B．They once wanted to stop their journey.
C．They’d covered over ten thousand miles.
D．Tony took very careful notes of the information every day.
E．They set out on the final leg of the trip-Western Australia.
F．What did the young couple have to guide them in all of this
G．They were driving a used minivan and their goal was to get to India.
4.（2025·吉林省白城市实验高级中学高三期末）
We set off on our journey up Mount Wutai onto its peak to appreciate the mysterious and beautiful Bodhisattva Lights, ball-shaped lights floating in the whole sky with radiant beams. Seen from the foot of the mountain, the sky was gray and cloudy. 1 It sometimes appeared in white mist, and sometimes was completely covered by clouds.
On the mountainside, our clothing grew wet. 2 It slowed the horses down to a heavy pace. We spent the night at a small temple. The next morning we continued our climb in the rain. The road was more slippery than the day before, so we had no choice but to get down from our horses and walked on foot.
On the way, we were told the unusual phenomenon wouldn’t be observed in the rain. We sighed with disappointment. 3 And the sun set in the west, the clouds disappeared and the mist faded.
Eventually, we arrived at the peak, with the sky filled with stars. Late in the night, we got awake by a shout. “Get up. Hurry up to see the Lights!” We moved quickly, threw on a few pieces of clothing and ran out. It was cold, making our bodies shake from head to foot. 4 Just before our eyes, the mysterious phenomenon appeared.
Thousands of ball-shaped objects floated slowly in the distance, shining golden beams of light, as though the whole sky were filled with countless glowing lanterns. The balls moved across the sky at the same speed. 5 They were light and delicate. Meanwhile, we all just froze there, speechless with wonder, appreciating the incredible views.
A．Suddenly, a wolf appeared before them.
B．Unexpectedly, the sky began to clear.
C．In the distance stood the peak, unclear.
D．The road was slippery and difficult to walk.
E．However, our hearts were filled with excitement.
F ．They were like goldfish swimming calmly in water.
G ．Faster than the wind, passionate as sin, they started to run away.
5.（2025·重庆市育才中学校高三月考）
Having settled in Hotel Courtyard in Bangkok, we explored the city immediately. We went shopping for the whole day and finally we decided to return.
It was at that time that the trouble started. We forgot there are two courtyard hotels in the opposite directions. Absolutely unaware of this, we started searching for the way back. Google maps suggested us the shortest route which was just 20 minutes away by walk. 1
Bangkok felt different after sunset. Walking along the heavily-crowded roads with the dark-red sky felt beautiful. Lost in our talk, we didn’t realize that we passed onto the quieter part of the town.
2 It was closed for redecoration. Unfortunately, nobody around us then spoke English. Worse still, we stepped in a local tuk-tuk (三轮车), which took us to an unknown area for an enormous pay. We had no idea where we were, our mobile phones nearly out of charge.
3 He was a taxi driver. Recounting the day’s events proved to be a great conversation starter. We ended up talking through the way. He was so kind as to offer to drive us around for the rest of our stay. 4 For the next four days, from floating markets to the temples of Wat Pho, our trip wouldn’t have been so trouble-free without him.
Sometimes when everything doesn’t go as planned, I think about the stranger we met on the streets and how a tiny mistake on our part led to unexpected results. 5
A．That was when our hero arrived.
B．Our thankfulness knew no bounds.
C．We reached a completely different Hotel Courtyard.
D．We set off into the city with little research on transport.
E．We decided not to waste our money but our time instead.
F．The trip rings as a reminder that every cloud has a silver lining.
G．He then informed us that our hotel was just a few blocks away.
题型三 阅读七选五之议论文类
1.（2025·广东省佛山市三校高三第一次模拟）
The Power of Thinking Differently
Just in the past few weeks, my wife has become the supporter of the concept of zero-waste living. Zero-waste is obviously about changing behaviors to produce less waste. But as my wife shared with me all the inventive ways people are getting around using plastic or reusing clothes or controlling the desire to accrue (积累) things we don’t really need, I realized that, zero-waste starts with something else. 36 And in many ways, the first step, which is simply being willing to do something differently, can be the hardest step of all.
This came to mind as I read a cover story in education. Ostensibly (表面上), it’s about more and more colleges agreeing to drop standardized tests as a required measure of student aptitude (天赋). 37
That is always going to be hard. But in recent decades, colleges have realized that the old ways of judging individual value, while not necessarily wrong, were narrow. While they identified one kind of student well, they did not account for a wide range of experiences, skills, and qualities that were no less important to achievement and success. 38 The tests weren’t good enough. Schools could do better.
So what has happened Schools are increasingly consenting to think differently about admissions. They have resolved to do the best they can to see the whole individual. 39 Some think dropping mandatory standardized tests is a mistake. However, once the first step is taken, the onward pull of reason and morality speed progress.
At a time when there appears to be so much confusion in the world, it is possible to look out and instead see something else: the world struggling with the perpetual (长久的) task of consenting to new ideas. Politics today show how easily we can become stuck in the mentally familiar.
40 That can be an admissions officer wanting to be more thoughtful in extending the benefits that her school offers. Or it can be a zero-waste blogger asking us all to think differently about how we contribute to greater balance in the world.
The only constant is the universal need for progress, and that will never leave us where it found us.
A．It starts with consenting (同意) to change thought.
B．Undoubtedly there have been missteps along the way.
C．In short, they left a lot of amazing people out and didn’t even know it.
D．But at its heart, it reveals something more fundamental: how we judge individual value.
E．They offer the most challenging academic programs and ensure every student’s physical and mental health.
F．The world, on the other hand, is constantly demanding that we be kinder and more connected and think ever larger.
G．Many universities known to be highly selective in their admissions policies received more applicants than usual.
（2025·山东省威海期中）
Time and money are life’s most valuable resources. One of the great laws of economics is that time equals money. The phrase “time is money” is usually credited to Benjamin Franklin, who used it in an essay (Advice to a Young Tradesman.1748) 1 He encouraged people to treat time like money. However, most people think about time and money in vastly different ways.
Time is our most scarce (稀缺) resource. Poor or rich, we all have 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. 2 In a world of scarcity, choosing one thing means not being able to do something else.
3 Time is relatively scarce for people with higher incomes, partly because their time is more valuable. So, to have lots of time, rich people hire other people to do their household chores. However, a non-working person may spend more time on household chores.
Time cannot be stored. One of the reasons we give little thought about how we use our limited resources is that we cannot save time. Time moves on whether we choose to spend it or not. 4 However, when people are made aware of their mortality (生命的有限), they wonder if they did make the most of their lives.
In sum, time is anything but free. As a non-renewable resource, time is quite expensive. 5 They do their best to think of their time as unlimited, and unlimited goods have little value. Knowing that time is limited encourages us to ask how we are using our time. Do we want to spend these precious moments on social media or spend that time learning something new Skills and knowledge take time so the more time you spend on them, the more you improve.
A．It cannot be bought at any price.
B．It means time is a valuable resource.
C．The value of time varies from person to person.
D．Some people fail to realize that time is scarce
E．Thus, each of us faces the choice of how to spend our time.
F．You can’t bottle time and exchange it for an object or event.
G．Actually, time and money are greatly different from each other.
3.（2025·浙江省台州市高三一模）
An old study in the advertising literature found that we’re more likely to read advertisements for the products we have bought, even if they have proved to be “lemons”, or useless. This phenomenon also applies to our decision-making process. Humans sometimes make bad choices and stick with them despite negative consequences. 1 But in general bad choices have to do with acting out of emotion and not out of reason. Strong emotions can cloud our thinking and lead us down one rabbit hole after another.
Doubling down on a bad choice may also relate to our self-esteem and the ability to admit mistakes. Narcissists(自恋者) usually won’t admit a mistake because it contradicts their self-image. But the fact is that many of us aren’t narcissistic. 2 Even when trapped in a bad relationship, we may still stick with it, hoping things will eventually change for the better.
Resilience involves managing strong emotions and preventing them from fully dictating our decisions. Considering emotion is important, enthusiasm for something can move us forward, but it can also block our vision. 3 While relying solely on our “gut feeling” can be helpful, it works best when we use our head, integrating intuitive insights with logical thinking.
Doubling down is generally unwise. We need to acknowledge our errors and be willing to say we’re sorry and apologize. 4 In fact, it’s smarter than denying mistakes. By admitting them, we learn valuable lessons and promote personal growth. Recognizing when to cut our losses is crucial, allowing us to pursue new opportunities with confidence. 5
A．And we often struggle with this.
B．The reasons for that are complex.
C．Make our decisions with full passion.
D．There is nothing wrong with doing this.
E．So stop trying to make lemonade from bad lemons.
F．The more errors you make, the more you will learn.
G．We should consider what’s right, not just what feels right.
4.（北京市顺义区2024-2025学年高三上学期期末）
Experienced negotiators know that those who ask for more, get more. 1 It works in any important communication opportunity, such as asking for help or getting approval from your senior leadership on an important project. Researchers have proven that knowing what you want increases the chances you get it. If you’re explaining a situation to someone, it may be the first time they’ve thought about it. 2 Then your asking acts as a base for their final decision.
Being clear about what you want also makes you look more reliable. Decision makers generally don’t like people bringing problems without a solution. They may not agree with the solution, but they will appreciate that you’ve thought about it. In fact, figuring out what to recommend will force you to think deeply and clearly about the situation, which will improve the quality of the end product. 3
Asking for what you want may feel pushy, but it actually puts the other person at ease. Being clear up front about your ask respects the relationship by reducing tension. 4 You know they want something but they don’t get right to the point, so you feel more and more uncomfortable as they beat around the bush, because you’ re wondering where they’ re going with it.
5 But if you were going to end up with a no anyway, it’s better to lose early than late. Besides saving time, it may avoid an extended debate which makes the other person stick even more to their own position.
A．But it’s not limited to negotiation situations.
B．You do run the risk of getting a quick rejection.
C．We have a tendency to overestimate the chance of rejection.
D．And this is the best final driver of your personal trustworthiness.
E．Think of the times that someone has approached you for a request.
F．Most communication situations benefit from being direct in your ask.
G．There is a good chance that they will be slightly uncertain about what to do.
5.There is a difference between reflection and rumination (反刍思维) when it comes to thinking about mistakes. Reflecting on mistakes helps you consider where things didn’t go so well and how you might be able to do better next time. 1 It also helps you figure out what you could do differently in similar circumstances, and what you can simply let go.
Rumination, on the other hand, is a circular way of thinking that replays itself endlessly in your head. 2 And because you can’t resolve it, you start to feel as though you have no power. It can lead to a downward spiral (螺旋式下降) into negative thoughts, whether towards yourself, the situation, or another person.
Imagine that you got home later than you should have and you’re going to miss out on a trip to the beach with friends. 3 However, somebody taking a reflective view of the situation might think: “I’ll apologize to Mum and Dad, but there will be plenty of other times when I can go to the beach with my friends.” However, somebody taking a more ruminative approach, might think something like this: “It’s so unfair! Everyone will have so much fun without me, and I’ll feel totally left out.” 4 While reflecting on a situation helps you see the extent to which you were at fault, ruminating can lead you to find fault in yourself or others excessively.
5 And again, this is a large part of how humans learn. The danger is when the criticism becomes overly harsh and helpless, rather than a stepping stone to doing something differently. Looking at mistakes through a negative filter is unproductive.
A．You tend to pick at every detail.
B．It’s quite reasonable to feel upset.
C．You are likely to fix every error you meet.
D．It is, of course, normal to look at mistakes critically.
E．So, it’s better to find fault with yourself instead of others.
F．As you’ll notice, reflecting is far more positive than ruminating.
G．It helps you differentiate what you could control from what you couldn’t.
1.【答案】1．C 2．A 3．F 4．E 5．D
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了提高写作效率和生产力的几个建议。
1．上文提到“Try to write every day without fail.(尽量每天都要写作)”，强调了每天写作的重要性；C选项“It doesn't even have to be for long.(甚至不需要很长时。)”进一步说明，即使每天写作的时间不长，也是有益的，与上文形成补充，鼓励人们即使时间有限也要坚持写作，符合语境。故选C。
2．此空为段落标题。根据下文“This means filing away everything you write in a logical order so you can easily find it again later, and regularly backing up your files to avoid losing anything.(这意味着你要把你写的所有东西都按逻辑顺序归档，这样你以后就能很容易地再次找到它们，并定期备份你的文件以避免丢失任何东西)”可知，本段主要讲的是要保持写作内容的条理性，A选项“Be Organized(有条理)”能够准确概括本段大意，适合作为段落标题。故选A。
3．下文“Put forward a strategy that will give you the best chance of getting there.(提出一个能给你最大成功机会的策略)”提到了要制定策略来实现目标，F选项“Think seriously about what you want to accomplish.(认真思考你想实现什么目标)”则强调了设定明确目标的重要性，是提出策略的前提，符合题意。故选F。
4．上文“Study the various techniques and styles you come across.(研究你遇到的各种技巧和风格)”提到要学习不同的写作技巧和风格；E选项“Make notes about what works and what doesn't.(记录下哪些有效，哪些无效)”则进一步说明，在学习过程中要做笔记，总结经验和教训，符合语境。故选E。
5．上文“When you have an idea for a story, write it down immediately.(当你有了一个故事的想法时，立即写下来)”强调了有灵感时要立即记录；D选项“Don't trust yourself to remember it later.(不要指望自己以后能记住)”则是对上文的补充，提醒人们不要依赖记忆力，要立即行动，符合题意。故选D。
2.【答案】6．D 7．C 8．F 9．E 10．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何设定界限的几个方法。
6．由上文“We’ve all been there: Sometimes you know that you need to decline someone’s request, but somehow, in the end, you reluctantly agree to take on an additional responsibility. (我们都经历过：有时你知道你需要拒绝别人的请求，但不知何故，最终你不情愿地同意承担额外的责任)”，再结合下文“Here are ways to sharpen this tool. (这里有一些方法可以磨砺这个工具。)”和小标题“Care how you feel. (关心你的感受)”，“Don’t delay giving your response. (不要拖延回应)”，“Don’t overexplain yourself. (不要过度解释自己)”介绍设定界限的方法，可知该空内容与你为什么没办法拒绝别人的请求相关，且原因与设定界限有关，D选项“原因是你缺乏明确的界限。”切合语境。故选D项。
7．由小标题“Care how you feel. (关心你的感受)”和下文“You can feel them throughout your body. When someone approaches you with a request, pay attention to your body’s response. (你可以感觉到它们遍布全身。当有人向你提出请求时，注意你身体的反应)”可知，“them”指代某些情绪情感，C选项“情绪不仅存在于你的脑海中。”引出下文关于身体感知情绪的内容，表明情绪不仅是心理上的，身体也会有相应的反应，切合语境。故选C项。
8．由小标题“Don’t delay giving your response. (不要拖延回应)”和上文“When someone approaches you with a request, a common strategy is to buy time. By doing this, you secretly hope that they will miraculously forget the request, and that you will be off the hook. However, this strategy does not work. Not resolving the matter in real time allows emotional forces such as guilt to influence you. (当有人向你提出请求时，一个常见的策略是争取时间。通过这样做，你暗自希望他们会奇迹般地忘记这个请求，而你会摆脱困境。然而，这种策略并不奏效。不实时解决问题会让内疚等情绪力量影响你)”可知，作者建议不要拖延回应，要实时解决问题，然而人们总是拖延回应以至于会让内疚等情绪力量影响自己，该空应承接上文继续讲拖延回应会带来的不良后果，F选项“因此，拖延的‘不’可能会变成不情愿的‘是’。”切合语境。故选F项。
9．由小标题“Don’t overexplain yourself. (不要过度解释自己)”，上文“In an effort to cope with difficult emotions such as guilt, you tend to overshare the reasons for saying no. However, the more information you share, the more likely you are to be persuaded into saying yes. (为了应对内疚等困难情绪，你往往会掩盖拒绝的原因。然而，你分享的信息越多，就越有可能被说服说“是”)”和下文“You can be kind and direct when setting boundaries. (在设定界限时，你可以善良而直接)”可知，作者建议拒绝不要过多解释，解释越多，别人越不能接受你拒绝的原因，且拒绝时可以善良而直接，E选项“说‘不’时，你应该简短而甜蜜。”切合语境。故选E项。
10．该空选取小标题，需总结下文。由下文“It can take time to become expert in any skill. The same holds true with setting boundaries. At first, setting boundaries can feel uncomfortable. You may struggle for words or not sound convincing, but over time, it gets easier. (成为任何技能的专家都需要时间。设定界限也是如此。起初，设定界限可能会让人感到不舒服。你可能很难用词，或者听起来不太有说服力，但随着时间的推移，这会变得更容易)”可知，下文提到设置界限需要时间和练习，A选项“经常设定界限。”切合语境。故选A项。
3.【答案】1．F 2．D 3．A 4．G 5．E
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在面对挑战时可以提供帮助的一些方法。
1．上文“Try to remain calm. (尽量保持冷静)”说明本段介绍面对挑战时要保持冷静，以及下文“It will make us lose control of our emotions, leading to poor decision-making.(这会让我们失去对情绪的控制，导致决策失误)”说明空处介绍的情况会导致我们失去对情绪的控制，F项“当挑战性事件发生时，我们可能会感到恐慌。”引出下文的后果，与保持冷静形成对比。故选F。
2．上文“Accept what is happening.(接受正在发生的事情)”以及“When life gets challenging, it is often beyond our control. In this case, what we should do is to accept the situation and do whatever is in our control to grow from it.(当生活变得充满挑战时，它往往超出了我们的控制范围。在这种情况下，我们应该做的就是接受这种情况，并尽我们所能从中成长)”说明本段强调接受当下的重要性，下文“That’s to say, we need learn from the situation and forgive ourselves.(也就是说，我们需要从这种情况中吸取教训，原谅自己)”说明我们要原谅自己，D项“接受也包括接受自己。”承接上文，并引出下文，进一步补充说明接受的范围，符合题意。故选D。
3．下文“When we are faced with stressful situations, it is common to think the worst scenario (设想) will happen. It can be difficult for us to take a step back and recognize that things will not be this way forever. Instead, keeping a balanced attitude can help us to change our mindset. (当我们面临压力时，通常会认为最糟糕的设想会发生。我们很难退一步，认识到事情不会永远这样。相反，保持平衡的态度可以帮助我们改变心态)”说明要保持平衡态度的重要性。A项“采取平衡的态度。”与本段中心吻合，适合作为段落主题句。故选A。
4．上文“Instead, keeping a balanced attitude can help us to change our mindset.(相反，保持平衡的态度可以帮助我们改变心态)”说明保持平衡态度的作用，G项“它还可以帮助我们应对负面想法和挑战。”与上文并列，继续说明保持平衡态度的益处，符合题意。故选G。
5．根据上文“Seeking support, whether it is from a friend, family member, or a professional, is never a sign of weakness.(寻求支持，无论是来自朋友、家人还是专业人士，从来都不是软弱的表现)”和下文“It can provide emotional support and a new perspective on the situation. Most importantly, it can help us brainstorm possible solutions, so that we can face the challenge better.(它可以提供情感支持和对情况的新视角。最重要的是，它可以帮助我们集思广益，找到可能的解决方案，以便我们更好地应对挑战)”可知，向他人救助有很多好处，E项“向他人求助有很多好处”承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
4.【答案】1．E 2．F 3．C 4．A 5．B
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了户外运动的流行、存在的风险及如何确保户外运动安全的方法。
1．由上文“In recent years, outdoor sports have become increasingly popular. According to the General Administration of Sport, over 400 million participations in outdoor activities have been recorded nationwide, with those born in the 1980s and 1990s leading the trend. (近年来，户外运动越来越受欢迎。根据国家体育总局的数据，全国有超过4亿人参加户外活动，其中20世纪80年代和90年代出生的人引领了这一趋势。)”和下文“This has led some to associate outdoor sports with heightened risks. (这导致一些人将户外运动与更高的风险联系起来。)”可知，上文提到了户外运动越来越受欢迎，且主要是80后和90后在引领这一潮流，但下文提到一些人认为户外运动风险更高，本空应说明户外运动存在一些风险。E选项“However, the rise in accidents has cast a shadow on this enthusiasm. (然而，事故的增加给这种热情蒙上了阴影。)”中的However表示转折，指出户外运动虽然受欢迎但是事故的增加给这一趋势带来了负面影响，能承上启下，符合题意。故选E。
2．由上文“Beginners who ignore potential dangers may face hypothermia (失温) when hiking to high altitudes, get lost in forests, or be caught in thunderstorms. (忽视潜在危险的初学者在高海拔徒步旅行时可能会面临失温，在森林中迷路，或在雷雨中被困。)”可知，上文主要讲述的是忽视户外运动危险的后果，本空应总结上文，指明户外运动远不止是一次简单的旅行。F选项“These incidents highlight that outdoor sports are far more than a simple trip. (这些事件表明，户外运动远不止是一次简单的旅行。)”中的these incidents指的就是上文提到的忽视潜在危险可能导致的后果，且该选项指出户外运动不仅仅是简单的旅行，强调了户外运动的风险和挑战性，能承接上文，符合题意。故选F。
3．由上文“So, how can we make outdoor sports safer (那么，我们怎样才能让户外运动更安全呢？)”可知，本句是在提出问题，询问如何让户外运动更安全，本空应对该问题作出回答，C选项“A well-thought-out plan and thorough preparation are vital. (一个周密的计划和充分的准备至关重要。)”给出了问题的答案，即制定周密的计划和做好充分的准备，能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。
4．由上文“Knowing the trail’s elevation, difficulty level, supply points and emergency stations is crucial, and planning alternative escape routes can be life-saving. (了解小径的海拔、难度等级、补给点和急救站至关重要，规划备用逃生路线可以救命。)”和下文“Layered clothing is essential to adapt to changing weather conditions. (分层穿衣对于适应不断变化的天气条件至关重要。)”可知，上文主要讲述的是户外运动前的准备工作，下文介绍穿衣的注意事项，本空应强调准备合适的装备，A选项“Having the right equipment is equally important. (拥有合适的装备同样重要。)”中的equipment与下文的clothing相呼应，都是户外运动前需要准备的东西，能承上启下，符合题意。故选A。
5．由下文“Remember to tell friends or family about your route and estimated return time so they can assist if needed. (记得告诉你的朋友或家人你的路线和预计返回时间，以便他们在你需要时提供帮助。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是户外运动时的安全措施，即告诉别人你的路线和预计返回时间，本空应强调其危险性，以便引出下文的安全措施，B选项“On the whole, outdoor sports should not be a risky game. (总的来说，户外运动不应该是一场危险的游戏。)”点明了本段的主题，即户外运动不应该危险，要做好安全措施，符合题意。且on the whole“总的来说”置于文章末端段首，可概括本段内容，符合段落写作特点。故选B。
5.【答案】1．B 2．E 3．F 4．A 5．D
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍在数字时代人们虽采取措施保护网络隐私，但仍有信息泄露风险，同时给出一些保护隐私的方法。
1．由上文“In the digital age, people take many measures to protect their privacy online.(在数字时代，人们采取了许多措施来保护他们的网络隐私。)”以及下文“Your valuable information, browsing history, and passwords can be easily got by others.(你的有价值的信息、浏览历史和密码很容易被他人获取。)”可知，这里表明人们虽然采取了措施，但效果并不理想。而B项However, some of them are of little use.(然而，其中一些措施几乎没有什么用处。)符合语境，其中However表示转折，some of them指代上文提到的many measures，很好地衔接了上下文，说明措施效果不佳的情况。故选B项。
2．由上文“It is recommended that you should not use the same code in different social media.(建议你不要在不同的社交媒体上使用相同的密码。)”可知，这是关于密码使用的一个建议。而E项Also, try to keep your passwords secret and change them regularly.(此外，尽量对密码保密并定期更改密码。)符合语境，其中Also表示递进关系，进一步给出了关于密码保护的其他建议，与上文关于密码使用的话题紧密相连。故选E项。
3．由上文“Installing a private network is necessary for those who are fond of using public Wi-Fi.(对于那些喜欢使用公共 Wi-Fi 的人来说，安装一个私人网络是必要的。)”可知，这里强调了安装私人网络对于使用公共 Wi-Fi 人群的必要性。由下文“If a person manages to hack your device or your connection, they cannot steal anything, as all your information will be unreadable.(如果有人试图破解你的设备或连接，他们无法窃取任何东西，因为你的所有信息都将无法读取。)”可知，这里讲私人网络的安全性，而F项A private network can make sure that no one can see what you’re doing online.(一个私人网络可以确保没有人能看到你在网上做什么。)解释了私人网络的作用，承接了上文安装私人网络的必要性，同时引出了下文关于私人网络安全性的进一步说明，符合语境。故选F项。
4．由下文“The less information you expose to others, the smaller your digital footprint and the less data criminals can collect, expose, and use against you. Don’t share your personal information on social media platforms and chat apps. Avoid posting about vacations, family member names, car and banking information, schools you attended, or your birthday.(你向他人暴露的信息越少，你的数字足迹就越小，犯罪分子能够收集、暴露和利用来对付你的数据也就越少。不要在社交媒体平台和聊天应用程序上分享你的个人信息。避免发布关于度假、家庭成员姓名、汽车和银行信息、你就读的学校或你的生日的信息。)”可知，整段内容都在围绕减少个人信息的分享展开。而A项Share as little as possible.(尽可能少地分享。)作为该段的主题句，准确地概括了段落的核心内容。故选A项。
5．由上文“It has been found that some companies are in partnership with social media platforms to exchange revenue with personal information.(人们发现，一些公司与社交媒体平台合作，用个人信息来交换收益。)”可知，这里说明存在个人信息被公司利用的情况。再由下文“You can update your social media privacy settings so that only permitted friends can view your posts, photos, and other information.(你可以更新你的社交媒体隐私设置，以便只有被允许的朋友才能查看你的帖子、照片和其他信息。)”可知，这里建议进行隐私设置。而D项However, the power to share personal data is in your hands.(然而，分享个人数据的权力在你手中。)符合语境，其中However表示转折，指出尽管存在公司利用个人信息的情况，但个人仍然拥有控制信息分享的权力，很好地连接了上下文。故选D项。
6.【答案】1．F 2．D 3．G 4．C 5．A
【解析】本文是说明文。文章主要说明了当有人与你分享他们的坏消息时，你应该如何做，给出了一些具体的建议，如表现出关心、询问对方需要什么、尽量不要轻描淡写或把话题引到自己身上等。
1．设空位于首段段尾，应是起到点明本文主题，引出下文的作用，根据前文“Whether a friend has broken up with their long-term partner, a colleague is losing his job, or a loved one has been diagnosed with a health condition, there are times when people share difficult news with us. We may be unsure about how best to help or feel awkward and uncomfortable.(不管是朋友和长期伴侣分手了，同事失业了，还是爱人被诊断出患有疾病，总有一些时候人们会和我们分享不幸的消息。我们可能不确定如何最好地帮助或感到尴尬和不舒服)”可知，本文主题，应是有人和你分享不幸的消息时如何处理，所以F项“Here, we look at what to do when someone shares their difficult news with you.(在这里，我们来看看当有人和你分享他们艰难的消息时该怎么做)”符合文意，承接上文，点明主题。故选F项。
2．根据前文“Ruth, a psychologist at Stony Brook University, recommends trying to find somewhere quiet to have the conversation if possible.(石溪大学的心理学家鲁斯建议，如果可能的话，尽量找一个安静的地方进行对话)”可知，D项“Avoid looking at your phone or other distractions.(避免看手机或其他让人分心的东西)”是对前文的进一步说明，符合文意。故选D项。
3．设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Sometimes people need to let off steam and other times they want solutions, so it’s best to ask how you can support them. Check whether they would like advice or just to share their experience.(有时人们需要发泄，有时他们需要解决方案，所以最好问问你如何支持他们。看看他们是需要建议还是只是分享他们的经验)”可知，本段主要讲述可以询问对方的需求，所以G项“Asking can offer the person a sense of being heard when they feel overwhelmed.(当他们感到不知所措时，询问可以给他们一种被倾听的感觉)”是对前文的总结，符合本段主题。故选G项。
4．设空为本段小标题，根据后文“Ruth also recommends trying to avoid offering uninvited advice, or pushing the person into problem-solving before they feel ready. “They may already be overwhelmed and a barrage of possibilities and solutions, without a good understanding of all the factors, can be unhelpful and make the person feel unheard,” she says. “Try to avoid making yourself the focus of the conversation,” adds Ruth.(鲁斯还建议，尽量避免主动提供未经请求的建议，或者在对方还没准备好之前就催促他们解决问题。她说：“他们可能已经不知所措，而在没有充分了解所有因素的情况下，一大堆可能性和解决方案可能会让他们觉得无助，并感觉自己没有被倾听。”鲁斯补充道：“尽量不要让自己成为谈话的焦