专题四 第3讲 语法填空 无提示词类——冠词、代词和介词【高分攻略】2025年高考英语题型技巧解读(含解析)

文档属性

名称 专题四 第3讲 语法填空 无提示词类——冠词、代词和介词【高分攻略】2025年高考英语题型技巧解读(含解析)
格式 doc
文件大小 196.5KB
资源类型 试卷
版本资源 通用版
科目 英语
更新时间 2025-02-14 16:03:34

图片预览

文档简介

/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
专题四 语法填空
第三讲 无提示词类——冠词、代词和介词
一、考纲解读
高考英语语法填空中的无提示词类题目,着重考查考生对英语基础语法知识的掌握以及在语篇中的灵活运用能力。对于冠词、代词和介词的考查,要求考生依据上下文语境、语法规则和固定搭配来准确填写合适的词汇,以确保句子结构完整、语义通顺。
近五年考情分析(以全国卷为例)
二、命题特点
1. 冠词命题特点:主要考查不定冠词(a/an)和定冠词(the)的基本用法以及在固定搭配中的运用。通常会根据名词的可数或不可数性质、泛指或特指概念来决定使用何种冠词。
2. 代词命题特点:重点考查人称代词(主格、宾格)、指示代词(this, that, these, those)、不定代词(some, any, few, little 等)在句子中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分时的正确使用,需要考生准确理解上下文的指代关系。
3. 介词命题特点:常考查介词的基本含义、表示时间、地点、方式等的用法以及与动词、名词、形容词等的固定搭配。要求考生根据句子所表达的情境和逻辑关系选择合适的介词。
三、解题技巧
1. 技巧一:如何确定填冠词
判断泛指或特指:若表示泛指“一个/一类”,且后面单词以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词 a;以元音音素开头,用不定冠词 an。如“____ university student”,university 以辅音音素开头,填 a;“____ hour”,hour 以元音音素开头,填 an。若表示特指上文提到过的人或物、独一无二的事物、特定范围内的人或物等,用定冠词 the。如“The book on the desk is mine.”(特指桌子上的那本书)。
固定搭配:牢记一些含有冠词的固定短语,如“in a hurry”“on the way”“at the same time”等,根据语境判断是否符合固定搭配来确定冠词。
2. 技巧二:如何确定填代词
分析句子成分:若句子缺少主语或宾语,且指代人或物,考虑填人称代词的主格或宾格。如“____ is a doctor.”,缺少主语,可填 He/She/It 等主格形式;“Give ____ some water.”,缺少宾语,可填 me/him/her/it 等宾格形式。
判断指代关系:根据上下文判断代词的指代对象,若指代前面提到的事物,考虑指示代词或不定代词。如“These are my books, and ____ are yours.”,指代前面提到的“books”,用 those。若表示“一些”“任何”“很少”等数量或不定概念,用不定代词,如“Some students like reading, while ____ like sports.”,填 others。
3. 技巧三:如何确定填介词
根据时间、地点、方式等关系:表示时间时,in 用于年、月、季节、上午、下午、晚上等;on 用于具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午、晚上;at 用于具体的时刻。如“____ Monday”填 on,“____ 7 o'clock”填 at。表示地点时,in 用于大地点,at 用于小地点。如“____ Beijing”填 in,“____ the station”填 at。表示方式时,by 常表示“通过某种方式或手段”,如“by bus”;with 表示“用某种工具或身体部位”,如“write with a pen”。
固定搭配:熟悉动词与介词的搭配(如 look for, look after)、名词与介词的搭配(如 the key to, the answer to)、形容词与介词的搭配(如 be good at, be interested in)等,根据语境判断是否符合固定搭配来选择介词。
四、易错失分点
1. 冠词使用错误:不能准确区分泛指和特指,对不定冠词 a/an 的使用混淆,尤其是对一些以元音字母开头但发音为辅音音素的单词(如 university)和以辅音字母开头但发音为元音音素的单词(如 hour)判断失误,以及对固定搭配中冠词的使用记忆不清。
2. 代词指代错误:没有仔细分析上下文,导致代词的指代对象不准确,或者混淆了不同类型代词的用法,如人称代词的主格和宾格、指示代词和不定代词的误用。
3. 介词搭配错误:对介词的基本含义理解不透彻,在表示时间、地点、方式等的用法上出错,以及对动词、名词、形容词与介词的固定搭配掌握不牢固,导致选择错误的介词。
五、实战演练
1
(18-19高三·河南·开学考试)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式,并将答案填写在答题卡上。
You may have heard of the Red Cross. It is an 1 (organize) that helps people who are in need no matter 2 bad the situation is ! But if not for the passion of a young woman named Clara Barton, the American Red Cross may have never been formed!
One day when she was 11 years old, her elder brother was 3 (terrible) injured. He was ill for two years. Clara cared for him 4 whole time. Through this experience she found out that she came alive when she cared for others.
Soon, Clara began taking care of injured animals. Neighbors began bringing their pets to her. And, almost always, she made them better.
When she was older, she became a nurse in the American Civil War and she helped save hundreds of 5 (soldier).
After the Civil War, Clara traveled to Europe to rest. 6 that did not last long. Soon she was caring for 7 (wound) people in battle once again! But this time, she learned about the Red Cross who worked alongside her on the battlefield. Their mission was to help those who needed it most.
She decided that the Red Cross 8 (need) in America. Over several years, she asked 4 different presidents 9 (bring) the Red Cross to America. They all said no. But then, thanks
10 her persistence(坚持), one of the presidents changed his mind! And the American Red Cross was born.
2
(18-19高一下·甘肃平凉·期末)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mark Twain was born in Florida on November 30th, 1835.He 11 (bring)up in Hannibal, Missouri, along the Mississippi River, where he got great 12 (beneficial)for his later writing career. He is best known for his 13 (novel)which were set in his boyhood world on the river, such as The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. He loved the river so much that even his pen name was 14 (concern)with the river. The phrase "mark twain" means that the water is two fathoms in depth.
The play The Million Pound Bank Note has attracted the attention of a great number of readers. It was the summer of 1903, when two 15 (wealth)brothers made a bet. One of them doubted 16 a man could survive a month in London 17 a million pound bank note. At this moment, they saw a penniless man 18 (wander)on the pavement. It was Henry, 19 American businessman, who was lost in London.
20 (obvious), the play is very attractive to readers. If you are interested, you can give it a try.
3
(19-20高二上·辽宁沈阳·期中)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Giving is the greatest kindness. Kindness is to the soul 21 sunshine is to the crop. Winston Churchill once 22 (observe) that “We make a living by what we get; we make a life by what we give.” Through selfless service, volunteers are the glue that holds a community together. Many activities 23 (volunteer) aid the elderly, disabled and children. No one is 24 lonely island in the sunshine of joyful giving.
Moreover, volunteering is a two-way street of giving and receiving. Sometimes we get 25 (lock) into the “rat race” of life and the 26 (certain) of success discourages us. However, volunteering can be an escape from the routine of life.
Given the significance of volunteerism, it’s time we 27 (roll) up our sleeves and extend a helping hand. In respect 28 my own experience, I work as a volunteer at the local animal shelter, 29 I continue taking care of my furry friends. I hope my efforts can inspire people around me to devote 30 (they) to volunteerism and create a circle of virtue we need.
4
(18-19高一下·上海金山·阶段练习)Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
IT WAS 1:00 a.m. in Tokyo. We’d got lost trying to find our Airbnb, and were now at an address that looked 90% right. There were keys in the letterbox, 31 our host said they’d be. So when the security code didn’t work, I just grabbed them out through the narrow hole with my hands.
But when I was turning the keys in the lock, the door opened. A lady and her daughter looked out at us, 32 (puzzle). Definitely not our Airbnb then. Amazingly though, they didn’t scream at us, call the police, or both. For the next 20 minutes, they tried to help us find the right ad dress. And when we turned up nothing, they formally apologized to us — the foreigners who 33 (try) to break into their home.
In Japan, there are many ways to apologize. The lady used “gomen-nasai,” 34 most people use the more casual “sumimasen.” Often translated as an apologetic “excuse me,” it 35 be heard in doorways, taxis, shops and restaurants in Japan.
“Only 10% of ‘sumimasen’ is an apology,” 36 Laurie Inokuma, who holds a degree in Japanese from Cornell University. “Ninety percent is used to show respect, politeness and honesty,” she said. “It’s an everyday word. When someone does something for you, getting out of your way in the grocery store, or holding a door, ‘sumimasen’ is the common response.”
Just as easily as a “thank you” or a “sorry”, “sumimasen” is regularly used to acknowledge the trouble someone has gone to for you. “There’s a modesty in it; 37 (depend) on the situation, it’s either apologetic or grateful,” Inokuma said.
Erin Niimi Longhurst, a British-Japanese author, agrees. “There’s a culture of apology but also a culture of thankfulness in Japan,” she said. This year’s World Cup is an example of this level of courtesy: When Japan lost its final match, the team made headlines when they stayed behind 38 (clean) the entire changing room. They even left a thank-you note.
If apologies are just one cog (齿轮) in the larger moving wheel of Japanese politeness, where does this cultural concept come from “There is a need for politeness in Japan to get along with your neighbors living above you — it’s a respect for others,” Inokuma said. Japan has some of 39 (densely) packed cities in the world. 40 there’s a limit on space, it suddenly seems natural to become as considerate as possible.
5
(21-22高二上·四川绵阳·阶段练习)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A 56-year-old enthusiastic backyard bird watcher named Stuart Dahlquist spent years 41 (leave) out food for a family of crows(乌鸦) and was left 42 (astonish) when he found a gift from them. He first became familiar with the bird family after he rescued two chicks that had come 43 their nest in his front yard five years ago.
Dahlquist had always considered 44 delightful to listen to the baby birds chirp(鸟叫)to their parents during feeding time. When he found the tiny crows 45 (lie) on the ground, he went to help. Despite the squawks of alarm from the adults, Dahlquist managed to pick up the chicks and put them back in the nest. He even left out food and water at the base of the tree in case they fell 46 second time. He then began regularly throwing bird food into his front yard, and the crows 47 (obvious) took notice.
One day Dahlquist was preparing for his daily feeding routine 48 he found a fir sprig (枝)decorated with a soda can tab, which was left in the exact spot 49 he fed the crows. The next day, he 50 (offer) another one and he was amazed by the discovery.
“This isn’t only generous, it’s creative, it’s art," Dahlquist wrote on social media."My mind is blown."
6
(23-24高二上·江苏南通·期中)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A vast region with beautiful scenery, lush plants, a lot of rivers and lakes dotted around, Hulun Buir Grassland is like a huge, green picture scroll, 51 gives you boundless views. The name Hulun Buir, which means “the land of lakes and rivers”, 52 (date) back to a legend long long ago. It is the best-preserved grassland in China 53 recognized as “The Grass Kingdom”.
With the most plentiful and excellent pastures in China, Hulun Buir Grassland also has the name The Purest Grassland 54 there is hardly any pollution there. Its animal products, like meat, milk, leather, and wool 55 (favor) by people both at home and abroad. It’s a famous tourist destination now.
With the irrigation of thousands of rivers, the grassland presents 56 (it) as a green carpet underneath the blue sky and white clouds. You can ride on camels and horses, watch wrestling and horse racing, and enjoy a bonfire party—the unique lifestyle of nomads can be 57 (full) appreciated.
The region’s location makes it warm and pleasant in the summer, while cold and 58 (snow)in the winter. During the summer, the meadows are covered with 59 blanket of multicolored wildflowers. Even in ancient times, the beautiful scenery of this place gained 60 (popular)with poets and writers and was described in their literary works.
7
(2021·江西·二模)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。答案写在答题卡上.
President Xi Jinping underlined the importance of afforestation on April 2. and reaffirmed the need to stick to the green development path to meet peopled ever-growing demand 61 a better life and make a greater contribution to upholding global ecological 62 (secure).
He stressed that the annual tree-planting activity aims to get the whole of society 63 (voluntary) involved in tree-planting and raise people's awareness of building a beautiful home 64 human beings and nature coexist harmoniously.
2021 marks the 40th anniversary of the country's voluntary tree-planting activity. Over the past four decades, people throughout the country have made efforts in afforestation and the people's living environment has become 65 (pleasant)- China 66 (top)the global ranking of countries in terms of the growth of forest resources.
Consistent and long-term efforts 67 (need), while calling on the whole of society to take part in afforestation 68 (activity). Party members and officials should take 69 lead in taking the responsibility for tree planting, practicing a green and low-carbon life and 70 (strengthen) environmental protection in order to enable the people to live a high-quality life.
参考答案
1.organization 2.how 3.terribly 4.the 5.soldiers 6.But 7.wounded 8.was needed 9.to bring 10.to
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国红十字会成立的历史。Clara Barton在11岁时照顾她生病的哥哥,之后还照顾着一些受伤的小动物。当她长大后,她在美国内战时照顾了受伤的士兵,最后在她的坚持和努力下,美国红十字会终于诞生了。
1.考查名词。句意:这是一个会帮助那些无论情况多糟糕的人的组织。冠词an后应接名词。故填organization。
2.考查固定搭配。句意:这是一个会帮助那些无论情况多糟糕的人的组织。no matter how为固定搭配,意为无论怎样。故填how。
3.考查副词。句意:当她11岁的时候,她的哥哥受了非常严重的伤。was injured为动词,需副词对其修饰。故填terribly。
4.考查固定搭配。句意:一直以来Clara都在照顾她的哥哥。the whole time意为整个时间,一直。故填the。
5.考查名词。句意:当她长大后,她成为了一名美国内战时的护士。她帮助拯救了成百上千的士兵。Hundreds of意为成百上千的,of后的名词需用复数形式。故填soldiers。
6.考查连词。句意:内战结束后,Clara去欧洲旅游休假,但这并没有持续很长时间。第五段提到“Soon she was caring for… in battle once again!” Clara去了欧洲休假,但她又开始帮助那些在战争中受伤的人。说明她的休假并没有维持很久。因此需填一个转折意味的连词,说明前后内容的转折。故填But。
7.考查形容词。句意:很快她又开始帮助那些在战争中受伤的人。people意味人们,是名词,该词前需要形容词对其进行修饰。故填wounded。
8.考查被动语态。句意:她决定在美国也需要红十字会。在从句中America应是动作的执行者,因此Red cross做主语时应使用被动语态,故填was needed。
9.考查固定结构。句意:这段时间以来,她请求4名总统将红十字会带去美国。ask sb. to do sth.意为请求做某事。故填to bring。
10.考查固定搭配。句意:但由于她的坚持,其中一个总统改变了他的想法。thanks to意为由于、幸亏。故填to。
11.was brought 12.benefit 13.novels 14.concerned 15.wealthy 16.whether/if 17.with 18.wandering 19.an 20.Obviously
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了著名作家马克·吐温的生平及其作品。
11.考查被动语态。句意:他在密西西比河沿岸的密苏里州汉尼拔长大,在那里让他后来的写作生涯受益匪浅。动词短语bring up意为抚养,与主语he是被动关系,所以使用被动语态;时态为过去时。故填was brought。
12.考查名词。句意:同上。由句意可知,马克·吐温在这里获益良多,而且空前动词get缺少宾语,所以用名词benefit作为get的宾语。故填benefit。
13.考查名词复数形式。句意:他最出名的是他的小说,例如《汤姆索亚历险记》和《哈克贝利费恩历险记》,这些小说以他在河流上的童年时代为背景。根据空后定语从句“which were set”中were可知,先行词为名词复数。故填novels。
14.考查动词固定搭配。句意:他非常喜欢这条河,甚至他的笔名都与这条河有关。短语“be concerned with”意为“和……有关”。故填concerned。
15.考查形容词。句意:那是 1903 年夏天,两个富有的兄弟打了个赌。形容词作定语修饰名词。故填wealthy。
16.考查宾语从句。句意:两兄弟其中一位怀疑一个人是否能在伦敦带着一百万英镑的钞票生存一个月。空处为无提示词填空,分析句子结构可知,此处是动词doubt的宾语从句;在肯定句中, doubt的宾语从句常用“whether或if”作连接词,再结合句意“怀疑是否能在伦敦带着一百万英镑的钞票生存一个月”。故填whether/if。
17.考查介词。句意:同上。空处为无提示词填空。由句意可知,此处表示用一百万英镑的钞票。介词with有“用,使用”的意思。故填with。
18.考查非谓语动词。句意:就在这时,他们看到了一个身无分文的男子正在人行道上徘徊。短语see sb doing sth表示看见某人正在做某事。故填wandering。
19.考查不定冠词。句意:在伦敦迷路的是亨利,一位美国商人。空处为无提示词填空。此处是同位语成分,解释了亨利的身份,是一位美国商人。故填an。
20.考查副词。句意:显然,该剧对读者非常有吸引力。副词作状语,此处空处位于句首,所以首字母要大写。故填Obviously。
21.what 22.observed 23.voluntarily 24.a 25.locked 26.uncertainty 27.should roll 28.of 29.where 30.themselves
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章论述的是“给予是最大的仁慈。”
21.考查固定句型。句意:仁慈之于灵魂,犹如阳光之于庄稼。固定句型:A is to B what C is to D.“A对B就像C对D一样”。故填what。
22.考查一般过去时态。句意:温斯顿·丘吉尔曾经说过:“我们靠得到的东西生存;我们通过给予来创造生活。”根据once“曾经”说明句子用一般过去时态,故填observed。
23.考查副词。句意:许多活动自愿帮助老人、残疾人和儿童。此处aid“帮助”是动词,由副词修饰,所给词volunteer“自愿的”是形容词,其副词是voluntarily。故填voluntarily。
24.考查不定冠词。句意:没有人是在快乐给予的阳光下的孤岛。此处表示泛指,且lonely以辅音音素开头。故填a。
25.考查过去分词作表语。句意:有时我们陷入生活的“老鼠赛跑”,成功的不确定性使我们气馁。固定结构:get +过去分词,表示“变得被”。此处get是连系动词,后面通常用过去分词作表语,故填locked。
26.考查名词。句意:有时我们陷入生活的“老鼠赛跑”,成功的不确定性使我们气馁。分析句子结构,the用在名词前面,所给词certain“必然的,确定的”,其名词形式是certainty“确定性”,再结合句意这里应该用certainty的反义词。故填uncertainty。
27.考查虚拟语气。句意:考虑到志愿服务的重要性,现在是我们卷起袖子伸出援助之手的时候了。固定句型:It’s time that 主语+should +动词原形+其他,表示“现在是该做某事的时间了”,从句谓语动词用虚拟语气,should +动词原形。故填should roll。
28.考查固定词组。句意:根据我自己的经验,我在当地动物收容所做志愿者,继续照顾我那些毛茸茸的朋友。固定词组:in respect of“关于,涉及”。故填of。
29.考查定语从句。句意:根据我自己的经验,我在当地动物收容所做志愿者,继续照顾我那些毛茸茸的朋友。此处shelter是先行词,在后面的定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。
30.考查固定搭配。句意:我希望我的努力可以激励我周围的人致力于志愿服务,创造一个我们需要的美德的循环。固定搭配:devote oneself to“献身于”。这里指周围的人致力于志愿服务,所以用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
【点睛】It's high time that...是应立即做(某事)的时候了,早就到了做什么的时候了。high time:正是时候,早该。should表示义务、责任、建议或劝告,有“应当、应该”的意思。
It is (high) time that后面的从句,谓语动词要么用过去式或者用should+动词原形,但should不可省略,这是虚拟语气的用法。两者意思一样。意思是:“是某人做什么什么的时候了”
两者的例句如:1.It is high time that the children went to school.2.It is high time that the children should go to school.
31.where 32.puzzled 33.had tried 34.while/but 35.can 36.said 37.depending 38.to clean 39.the most densely 40.If/When/Once
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章,记叙了作者的一次道歉经历,从而介绍了日本的“道歉文化”。
31.考查定语从句。句意:我们房东说,信箱里有几把钥匙。 本句是非限定性定语从句,对letterbox进行补充说明,从句中缺少地点状语,故填where。
32.考查过去分词作定语。句意:一位女士和她的女儿很迷惑的看着我们。分析知不缺少成分,由上下文知母女对这位陌生的来客很是困惑,故使用过去分词作定语修饰A lady and her daughter,表示一种状态。puzzle的过去分词为puzzled,故填puzzled。
33.考查过去完成时。句意:我们什么也没表示时,他们先正式向我们道歉——那些试图闯入他们家的外国人。由前文知作者已经试图闯入,用完成时,又因文章所述事件发生在过去,故用过去完成时。故填had tried。
34.考查连词。大意:在日本,有很多方法可以道歉。这位女士使用“gomen-nasai”,但大多数人使用更随意的“sumimasen”。由前后语境可知,具有转折对比的意味,but意为“但是”,while表示前后对比,二者皆可。故填but/while。
35.考查情态动词的一般用法。句意:它经常被翻译成道歉的口头语的“抱歉”,在日本的门口,出租车,商店和餐馆中可以经常听到。分析句子结构,此处缺少谓语动词,情态动词can意为“可能,可以”。故填can。
36.考查动词。句意:“只有10%的'sumimasen'是道歉,”拥有康奈尔大学的日语学位的Laurie Inokuma说道。引号之中为Laurie Inokuma的观点,根据一般写作习惯,应为Laurie Inokuma说的话。故填said。
37.考查独立主格及动词词组固定搭配。句意:“它有谦虚的含义,取决于具体的情况,无论是抱歉还是感激,”Inokuma说。此句主句成分完整,无连词连接,判断使用非谓语。depending为独立主格结构,depend on为固定搭配,意为“取决于”。故填depending。
38.考查非谓语动词。句意:当日本队输掉了最后一场比赛时,球队留下来为了清洁整个更衣室,成为头条新闻。分析句子可知,谓语动词为stay,故此处应为非谓语,由句意知他们留下来的“目的”是打扫更衣室,to表目的意为“为了”。故填to clean。
39.考查副词最高级。句意:日本拥有世界上最密集的城市。结合文意及前后无明显具体的比较对象,知其为最高级,又因densely为多音节词语,最高级形式为the most densely。故填the most densely。
40.考查状语从句。句意:如果/当/一旦有空间限制,这种现象就很自然会被考虑到。前句“有空间限制”,后句“这种现象就很自然会被考虑到”,结合句意可知此处为开放性试题,可引导条件状语从句或时间状语从句。If意为“如果”,引导的条件状语从句;When意为“当……时”,引导的时间状语从句;Once意为“一旦……就……”,引导时间状语从句,用If/When/Once均能表达出具体含义。故可填If/When/Once。
【点睛】第3题好多同学可能因为思维惯性直接使用tried,而忽略了此句的意思的“已经发生”是指在事件的发生之前已经发生,故要用过去完成时,即had tried。
第9题的错误率应该很高,好多同学可能因为判断出最高级而沾沾自喜,从而进行-est的词尾变化,而忽略它是多音节副词的事实,导致犯错,得不偿失。
41.leaving 42.astonished 43.off 44.it 45.lying 46.a 47.obviously 48.when 49.where 50.was offered
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了56岁的斯图尔特·达奎斯特是一位热心的观鸟者,一次喂食过程中救助了两只乌鸦雏鸟,在坚持为这个乌鸦家庭投喂食物多年后,他收到了乌鸦给他的回赠。
41.考查动名词。句意:现年56岁的斯图尔特·达奎斯特是一位热心的后院观鸟者,他多年来一直在为一群乌鸦准备食物。2019年3月,当他发现一份来自乌鸦的礼物时,他惊呆了。spend+时间+(in)+doing,固定短语,意为“花费多少时间做某事”,动名词作宾语,介词in可省略。故填leaving。
42.考查形容词。句意:现年56岁的斯图尔特·达奎斯特是一位热心的后院观鸟者,他多年来一直在为一群乌鸦准备食物。2019年3月,当他发现一份来自乌鸦的礼物时,他惊呆了。分析可知,本句为被动语态,其中动词“left”作使役动词,表示“使/让……保持某种状态",应用形容词作宾语补足语,结合主语为“A 56-year-old enthusiastic backyard bird watcher(一位56岁的热心的后院观鸟者)”,应用-ed形式的形容词。故填astonished。
43.考查介词。句意:五年前,他救了两只从自家前院巢上掉下来的雏鸟,这让他开始熟悉这个鸟类家庭。fall off,固定短语,意为“掉落”。故填off。
44.考查代词。句意:在喂食时间,达尔奎斯特总是很喜欢听小鸟宝宝对父母唧唧喳喳地叫。空格处是形式宾语,真正的宾语是动词不定式to listen to the baby birds chirp(鸟叫)to their parents,因此空格处填形式宾语,故填it。
45.考查现在分词。句意:当他发现正躺在地上的小鸟时,他过去帮助他。空格处是后置定语,由于lie与被修饰的词crows是主动关系,因此要用现在分词。故填lying。
46.考查冠词。句意:他甚至在树下留下食物和水,以防它们再次掉落。a/an+序数词+time,意为“再一次;又一次”。second 发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。
47.考查副词。句意:然后他开始定期向前院投掷鸟食,乌鸦们显然注意到了。分析可知,副词作状语修饰之后动词took。故填obviously。
48.考查连词。句意:一天,当达尔奎斯特准备他每天的喂食时,突然他惊讶地发现一根装饰有苏打罐头标签的冷杉树枝。be doing sth when...为固定句型,意为“正在做某事时,突然……。故填when。
49.考查定语从句。句意:不仅如此,它还被留在了他喂乌鸦的确切地点。分析可知,“___9___ he fed the crows”为之前名词“the spot”的定语从句,先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。
50.考查时态和语态。句意:第二天,他又被给了一块,这一发现让他大吃一惊。分析可知,所填动词应是句子谓语,结合前文可知与主语“he”之间为被动关系,结合语境可知应是一般过去时被动语态,主语为he,be动词用was。故填was offered。
51.which 52.dates 53.and 54.because 55.are favored 56.itself 57.fully 58.snowy 59.a 60.popularity
【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了呼伦贝尔大草原的美丽景色,许多的河流湖泊,绿色的草地,独特的生活方式,在古代受到诗人和作家们的欢迎。
51.考查定语从句。句意:呼伦贝尔草原是一个幅员辽阔的地区,风景秀丽,植物茂盛,周围有许多河流和湖泊,就像一幅巨大的绿色画卷,让你一望无际。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是Hulun Buir Grassland,且从句缺少主语,因此填which,引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
52.考查时态。句意:呼伦贝尔这个名字的意思是“湖泊和河流之地”,追溯到很久以前的一个传说。结合句意和空前的means可知,本句用一般现在时,且本句主语是The name Hulun Buir,为第三人称单数,因此谓语动词也用第三人称单数形式dates。date back to“追溯到”,为固定短语。故填dates。
53.考查连词。句意:是中国保存最完好的草原,被公认为“草原王国”。本句中的the best-preserved grassland in China和recognized as “The Grass Kingdom是并列关系,故用连词and连接。故填and。
54.考查原因状语从句。句意:呼伦贝尔草原拥有中国最丰富、最优良的牧场,因为那里几乎没有任何污染,所以也被称为“最纯净的草原”。空后there is hardly any pollution there为空前Hulun Buir Grassland also has the name The Purest Grassland的原因,故用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。
55.考查时态和语态。句意:它的动物产品,如肉、奶、皮革和羊毛,深受国内外人民的喜爱。结合句意可知,本句陈述事实,故句子用一般现在时,且本句主语Its animal products和favor是被动关系,故填are favored,构成一般现在时的被动语态。故填are favored。
56.考查反身代词。句意:在成千上万条河流的灌溉下,草原在蓝天白云下呈现出一片绿色的地毯。本句主语是grassland,宾语也是grassland,因此宾语用反身代词itself,意为“它自己”,present oneself as“呈现出……”。故填itself。
57.考查副词。句意:你可以骑骆驼和马,看摔跤和赛马,享受篝火晚会,充分领略游牧民族独特的生活方式。分析句子结构可知,本题用副词fully“充分地”,修饰动词appreciated,作状语。故填fully。
58.考查形容词。句意:该地区的地理位置使其在夏天温暖宜人,而在冬天寒冷多雪。本空和 and前面的形容词pleasant并列,因此本空也用形容词snowy“多雪的”。故填snowy。
59.考查冠词。句意:在夏天,草地被一层五颜六色的野花覆盖。blanket“毯子”,为可数名词,故填冠词a。a blanket of“一层”,固定短语。故填a。
60.考查名词。句意:即使在古代,这个地方的美景也受到诗人和作家的喜爱,并在他们的文学作品中被描述。分析句子结构可知,本空填不可数名词popularity“人气”,作gain的宾语。故填popularity。
61.for 62.security 63.voluntarily 64.where 65.more pleasant 66.has topped 67.are needed 68.activities 69.the 70.strengthening
【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。4月2日,国家主席习近平强调了植树造林的重要性。坚持走绿色发展道路,满足人民日益增长的美好生活需求,为维护全球生态安全作出更大贡献。
61.考查介词。句意:坚持走绿色发展道路,满足人民日益增长的美好生活需求,为维护全球生态安全作出更大贡献。demand for sth.为固定短语,意为“对…的需求”故填for。
62.考查名词。句意:坚持走绿色发展道路,满足人民日益增长的美好生活需求,为维护全球生态安全作出更大贡献。分析句子结构,空前的ecological为形容词,应修饰名词,因此需填入secure的名词形式。故填security。
63.考查副词。句意:他强调,一年一度的植树活动旨在让全社会自觉参与到植树活动中来,提高人们建设人与自然和谐共处美好家园的意识。分析句子结构,修饰动词短语get involved in应用副词。故填voluntarily。
64.考查定语从句关系副词。句意:他强调,一年一度的植树活动旨在让全社会自觉参与到植树活动中来,提高人们建设人与自然和谐共处美好家园的意识。home为先行词,作地点状语,用关系副词where来引导。故填where。
65.考查形容词的比较级。句意:40年来,全国人民通过植树造林,人民生活环境得到改善。中国森林资源增长速度居世界前列。根据句意,这里要用比较级,因pleasant为多音节词,所以要用more pleasant表比较级。故填more pleasant。
66.考查时态。句意:40年来,全国人民通过植树造林,人民生活环境得到改善。中国森林资源增长速度居世界前列。根据句中的“Over the past four decades”可知这里要用现在完成时have done形式,又因China为单数,故填has topped。
67.考查动词的语态和主谓一致。句意:要坚持不懈、长期努力,同时号召全社会共同参与植树造林。分析句子结构,根据语境可知,此句主语efforts和need为动宾关系。所以应该用现在时被动语态,且主语为复数。故填are needed。
68.考查名词。句意:要坚持不懈、长期努力,同时号召全社会共同参与植树造林。activity是可数名词,这里要用复数形式。故填activities。
69.考查冠词。句意:党员干部要带头承担植树责任,倡导绿色低碳生活,加强环境保护,让人民群众过上高质量生活。take the lead in是固定短语,意为“在…方面带头”。故填the。
70.考查动名词作宾语。句意:党员干部要带头承担植树责任,倡导绿色低碳生活,加强环境保护,让人民群众过上高质量生活。分析句子结构,空前的介词take  9  lead in中的“in” ,所给的strengthen为动词,根据介词后跟动词时需跟动名词形式。故填strengthening。