专题五 应用文写作 第1讲 评分标准解读【高分攻略】2025年高考英语题型技巧解读（含解析）
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| 名称 | 专题五 应用文写作 第1讲 评分标准解读【高分攻略】2025年高考英语题型技巧解读（含解析） |  | |
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专题五 应用文写作
第1讲 评分标准解读
一、考纲要求总览
高考英语应用文写作重点考查考生运用英语进行书面表达，以实现特定交际目的的能力。要求考生能根据给定的情境和任务，选择合适的语言形式，涵盖书信、通知、演讲稿、报告等多种体裁，准确、连贯、得体地传达信息，同时要符合英语的语法规则、词汇用法以及相应的语篇结构要求。
二、近五年各地高考题考情分析（以全国卷、新高考卷为例）
三、评分标准详细解读
1. 内容要点（30% - 40%权重）
评分细则：考生需完整涵盖题目规定的所有要点，并对要点进行合理、清晰的阐述。要点缺失会根据其重要性相应扣分。若能全面且深入地表达要点，可在此项获得高分。
示例分析：以 2022 年全国乙卷介绍中国传统技能（剪纸）的发言稿为例，要点包括剪纸的历史、用途、制作过程及意义等。若考生仅提及剪纸的历史和用途，而遗漏制作过程和意义，内容要点得分就会降低。而优秀的文章会详细阐述，如 “Paper cutting has a long history of over 1,500 years in China. It was initially used as decorations for festivals and weddings. The process involves cutting paper with scissors or a knife into various patterns, like flowers, animals, and characters. Not only is it a form of art, but it also carries the cultural values and wishes of the Chinese people.” 这样全面覆盖要点且阐述充分的内容，在内容要点方面表现出色。
2. 语言运用（30% - 40%权重）
评分细则：主要从语法准确性、词汇丰富度和句子结构多样性等方面评判。语法错误（如时态、语态、主谓一致、词性误用等）、词汇拼写错误、搭配不当都会导致扣分。能准确运用丰富词汇和多样句式（如定语从句、状语从句、非谓语动词等）表达思想，可获较高评价，但使用复杂结构时需确保准确。
示例分析：在 2023 年新高考卷分享提高英语听力方法的演讲稿中，“I often listen English songs to improve my listening skill.” 存在语法错误，“listen” 后缺少 “to”，“skill” 应用复数 “skills”。而 “One effective method I've found is to watch English movies without subtitles. By doing so, I can not only immerse myself in the language environment but also pick up a lot of native expressions and intonations.” 运用了宾语从句和 “not only...but also...” 结构，表达准确且丰富，在语言运用方面得分较高。
3. 篇章结构（15% - 25%权重）
评分细则：不同体裁应用文有特定格式要求，格式错误会扣分，如书信的称呼、结束语、署名；通知的标题、发布日期等。文章内部逻辑要连贯，段落、句子间衔接自然，合理使用连接词（如 however、therefore、moreover 等）和过渡句可增强逻辑性。
示例分析：对于 2024 年新高考卷学校戏剧社招募新成员的通知，若标题缺失或发布日期错误，格式分就会受影响。在正文部分，“Firstly, candidates should have a passion for drama and acting. Secondly, they are required to have basic acting skills and the ability to work in a team. Besides, those who have participated in related activities before will be preferred.” 使用了 “Firstly”“Secondly”“Besides” 等连接词，使内容条理清晰，在篇章结构方面表现良好。
4. 书写规范（10% - 15%权重）
评分细则：要求书写清晰、工整，字母大小写、标点符号使用正确。书写潦草、难以辨认或标点、大小写错误多，会影响阅卷体验导致扣分。
示例分析：如书写中出现 “i like this activity very much.” 大小写错误，或 “I'm waiting for your reply！” 感叹号使用不当，都会在书写规范项被扣分。书写规范、字迹清晰的文章则有助于提升整体印象和得分。
四、近几年应用文真题解析
1. 2023 年全国甲卷（书信）
题目：假定你是李华，你的外教 Mr. Smith 暑假将在美国某大学开设一门关于中国文化的课程，你对该课程很感兴趣，打算申请参加。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1. 询问课程内容和安排；2. 表达参加意愿；3. 期待回复。
解析：
内容要点：需明确询问课程内容（如涵盖哪些中国文化方面知识）和安排（如上课时间、形式等），表达强烈参加意愿并说明原因，最后礼貌表达期待回复。
语言运用：准确使用词汇和语法，如 “I'm extremely interested in the Chinese culture course you're going to offer during the summer vacation.” 运用 “extremely” 增强语气，“be interested in” 搭配正确。可适当运用复杂句式，如 “I wonder if you could provide me with more details about what the course will cover and how it will be arranged.” 宾语从句的使用使表达更丰富。
篇章结构：书信格式正确，开头称呼，正文分点阐述要点，结尾结束语和署名。使用连接词使文章逻辑连贯，如 “First of all, I'd like to know...”“Secondly, I'm really eager to participate...” 。
书写规范：注意大小写和标点符号，如开头 “Dear Mr. Smith,” 逗号使用正确，整体书写清晰。
2. 2022 年全国甲卷（书信）
题目：你校将举办英语读书沙龙活动，你打算推荐一本中文小说。请给你的外教 Ms. Jenkins 写一封邮件，内容包括：1. 小说名称和作者；2. 推荐理由；3. 邀请她参加活动。
解析：
内容要点：清晰写出小说名称和作者，详细阐述推荐理由（如情节吸引人、主题有意义、语言优美等），诚挚邀请外教参加活动并说明活动相关信息（如时间、地点）。
语言运用：运用丰富词汇描述小说特点，如 “The novel 'To Live' written by Yu Hua is a masterpiece that deeply touches the readers' hearts.” “masterpiece” 等词提升表达水平。使用合适句式，如 “What makes this novel so appealing is its vivid description of the ordinary people's lives in a special historical period.” 主语从句突出重点。
篇章结构：书信格式完整，开头引出话题，中间分点介绍小说和活动，结尾表达期待。使用连接词如 “First and foremost”“In addition” 使文章层次分明。
书写规范：确保单词拼写正确，标点符号使用恰当，书写工整易读。
3. 2021 年新高考卷（邀请信）
题目：假定你是李华，你校将举办英语诗歌朗诵比赛（English Poetry Recitation Contest）。请给外教 Lucy 写封邮件邀请她担任评委，内容包括：1. 比赛的时间、地点；2. 比赛的目的；3. 期待她的回复。
解析：
内容要点：准确告知比赛时间、地点，清晰阐述比赛目的（如提高学生英语水平、培养对诗歌的兴趣等），礼貌表达期待回复。
语言运用：使用准确恰当词汇，如 “The English Poetry Recitation Contest, aiming to enhance students' English proficiency and foster their love for English poetry, will be held in the school auditorium at 2:00 p.m. next Friday.” “enhance”“foster” 等词使表达更高级。合理运用句式，如 “It would be a great honor for us if you could accept our invitation and serve as a judge.” 虚拟语气表达诚挚邀请。
篇章结构：邀请信格式正确，开头问候并说明写信目的，中间详细介绍比赛信息，结尾再次表达期待。使用连接词如 “As scheduled”“Furthermore” 使文章逻辑连贯。
书写规范：注意书信格式中的标点符号，如称呼后的逗号，结尾的祝福语和署名的格式等，书写规范整洁。
五、易错失分点总结
1. 要点把握不准：审题不细致，遗漏或误解要点，导致内容不完整。
2. 语言基础薄弱：语法错误频繁，词汇拼写和搭配错误多，影响表达准确性。
3. 格式记忆不清：对不同体裁应用文格式不熟悉，格式错误或不完整。
4. 逻辑衔接不畅：文章内容组织混乱，连接词使用不当，逻辑关系不清晰。
5. 书写态度不端：书写潦草，标点符号和大小写错误多，影响阅卷和得分。
1．（21-22高一上·全国·课时练习）你校将在假期组织部分学生赴英国学习，作为该项目的负责人，你需负责将两名赴英学生的情况介绍给英国的寄宿家庭。
请根据以下表格内容，写信给英国的寄宿家庭，介绍这两名学生的情况。
姓名 李华 陈伟
特点 开朗、乐观 待人友善，有点害羞
爱好 体育活动、阅读、听音乐 与李华一样
担心的问题 饮食不习惯 沟通困难
期望 多了解英国的历史文化 交新朋友，提高英语水平
注意：词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
Dear Mr Smith，
Thank you for your offer to host two of our students. The boys’ names are Li Hua and Chen Wei. Here is a little bit about them.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yours，
Secretary of the project
2．（18-19高二上·四川·期末）现在越来越多的学校禁止学生带手机到学校，这一举措在学生中引起了热烈的讨论。请根据以下要点用英语写一篇100字左右的短文。
大多数学生认为应该允许学生带手机到学校；2.也有人反对；3.你的看法
注意：可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3．（22-23高三下·河南开封·开学考试）假定你是李华，你的外教 Mr.Green喜欢中国文化。在春节来临之际，你准备寄给他一份礼物并附带一封信内容包括：
1.送礼物的原因；
2.描述该礼物的寓意；
3.祝福 Mr. Green。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4．（19-20高一下·北京·期末）请从以下三个话题中选择一个，根据小说《穿条纹衫的男孩》表达你的看法，不少于 60 字。
Topic 1. Characters in literature are revealed by what they say and do and by what others say about them. Choose one of the following characters to analyze: Bruno, Shmuel, Gretel, Bruno’s father, Lieutenant Kotler.
Topic 2. Although Bruno feels that Shmuel is like his twin, the boys are different in many pare the two characters and write down their similarities as well as differences.
Topic 3. What do you think of the ending of the story (Bruno’s death) What is the author trying to tell us through this ending
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．Dear Mr Smith，
Thank you for your offer to host two of our students. The boys’ names are Li Hua and Chen Wei. Here is a little bit about them.
Li Hua is an open-minded and optimistic boy and Chen Wei is very friendly but a little shy. Both boys love sports， and they also enjoy reading and listening to music. As it’s the first trip to the UK， they both feel a little bit anxious.
Li Hua is worried that he has trouble adjusting to British food while Chen Wei is more concerned about not being able to communicate clearly with others. Li Hua is really looking forward to learning more about the history and culture of the UK and Chen Wei is eager to make some new friends and improve his English.
Once again thank you for your generosity.
Sincerely yours，
Secretary of the project
【分析】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生作为项目负责人给两名赴英学生写介绍信。
【详解】词汇积累
感谢：tank you→ thanks /I really appreciate it that
喜欢做某事：enjoy doing sth→like doing sth / be fond of doing sth / be interested in sth
担心：anxious→worried/be concerned about
做某事有困难：have trouble in doing sth→have difficulty in doing sth / have problems in doing sth.
句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Li Hua is an open-minded and optimistic boy
拓展句：LiHua is a handsome boy who is open-minded and optimistic.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Li Hua is worried that he has trouble adjusting to British food while Chen Wei is more concerned about not being able to communicate clearly with others.（运用宾语从句以及由while引导的并列句表对比）
[高分句型2] Thank you for your offer to host two of our students.（运用了不定式作目的状语）
2．Nowadays many schools forbid students to bring their cellphones to school, which arouses a lot of discussions among students. Their opinions vary from person to person.
Many students think that it is very convenient for them to get in touch with parents and talk with friends. They can also get some useful information with cellphones online. However, others argue that some students often play cellphones for too long, which is bad for their eyes. In addition, playing cellphones takes up too much time, having a bad effect on their studies.
As far as I’m concerned, students shouldn’t bring their cellphones to school. We should use cellphones wisely, and our parents and teachers should monitor us as well.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于议论文，要求考生写一篇短文，就是否允许学生带手机到学校发表看法。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：议论文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1.表明话题
2.相关讨论
1）大多人支持。（support）
2）也有人反对。（oppose）
3) 你的看法。（your opinion）
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
arouse; be convenient for; get in touch with; talk with; be bad for; take up; have a bad effect on; As far as I’m concerned; as well
第三步：连词成句
1. which arouses a lot of discussions among students.
2. Many students think that it is very convenient for them to get in touch with parents and talk with friends.
3. which is bad for their eyes.
4. playing cellphones takes up too much time, having a bad effect on their studies.
5. As far as I’m concerned, students shouldn’t bring their cellphones to school.
6. and our parents and teachers should monitor us as well.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：However, others argue that some students often play cellphones for too long, which is bad for their eyes.这句话运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句；也使用了一些固定词组，如be convenient for; get in touch with; talk with等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
3．Dear Mr. Green,
How are you doing With the Spring Festival approaching, I would like to send you a gift.
Since you like traditional Chinese culture, I’d like to present you a set of paper cuttings. They are traditional decorations, which originated from ancient handicraft arts. They convey good wishes. Fu, Shou and Xi represent fortune, a long life or longevity and happiness respectively. These works are really worth collecting. You can also put them up on your windows or doors, which can bring about a festival atmosphere. With the present, I also hope to express my appreciation for your helping me to improve my English greatly.
Wish you a happy Spring Festival!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mr.Green送一份礼物并附信说明送这份礼物的原因、寓意并给予祝福。
【详解】1.词汇积累
临近：approach→draw near
代表：represent→stand for
感谢：appreciation→thanks/gratitude
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With the Spring Festival approaching, I would like to send you a gift.
拓展句：As the Spring Festival is approaching, I would like to send you a gift.
【点睛】【高分句型1】They are traditional decorations, which originated from ancient handicraft arts. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】With the Spring Festival approaching, I would like to send you a gift.（with引导独立主格结构）
4．I choose to answer the third topic.
The novel The Boy in the Striped Pajamas talks about the friendship between two eight-year-old boys during World War II. One is Bruno, a Nazi commandant son. The other is Shmuel, a Jew, who is living in the Jewish concentration camp and always wearing a uniform like a striped pajama. There is no doubt that the story is a tragedy. When seeing both of the lovely boys died in the end, I felt awfully depressed. However, the ending is quite reasonable for only when the Nazi commandant lost his son (Bruno) could he taste the agonies as the Jews did. The author wants to tell us that each life is precious and equal, so nobody has the right to deprive others’ lives. We need to respect each life and cherish peace and stability.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生根据题目要求，从三个话题中选择一个话题，根据小说《穿条纹衫的男孩》表达自己的看法。
【详解】一、思路点拨
本文是开放性话题写作。既考查学生对所学语言知识的运用能力，又考查学生的发散思维能力和创造力。该题型要求考生思路清晰，行文间注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。
二、亮点短语
1. live in…住在……；
2. the Jewish concentration camp犹太集中营；
3. want to do sth.想要干某事；
4. have the right to do sth.有权干某事。
三、高分句型
1. The other is Shmuel, a Jew, who is living in the Jewish concentration camp and always wearing a uniform like a striped pajama.（who引导的非限制性定语从句）
2. There is no doubt that the story is a tragedy.（使用There be no doubt that…句型）
3. However, the ending is quite reasonable for only when the Nazi commandant lost his son (Bruno) could he taste the agonies as the Jews did.（only +状语从句，主谓部分倒装）
【点睛】本文先简单地概括了这部小说的内容，两个小主人公，然后有针对性的就话题三展开思路，表明只有Bruno的死亡，才能体现生命的平等与珍贵，明白尊重每一个生命的重要性，使用了大量的从句和短语，用了and，However和so等衔接词，全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
专题五 应用文写作
第1讲 评分标准解读
一、考纲要求总览
高考英语应用文写作重点考查考生运用英语进行书面表达，以实现特定交际目的的能力。要求考生能根据给定的情境和任务，选择合适的语言形式，涵盖书信、通知、演讲稿、报告等多种体裁，准确、连贯、得体地传达信息，同时要符合英语的语法规则、词汇用法以及相应的语篇结构要求。
二、近五年各地高考题考情分析（以全国卷、新高考卷为例）
三、评分标准详细解读
1. 内容要点（30% - 40%权重）
评分细则：考生需完整涵盖题目规定的所有要点，并对要点进行合理、清晰的阐述。要点缺失会根据其重要性相应扣分。若能全面且深入地表达要点，可在此项获得高分。
示例分析：以 2022 年全国乙卷介绍中国传统技能（剪纸）的发言稿为例，要点包括剪纸的历史、用途、制作过程及意义等。若考生仅提及剪纸的历史和用途，而遗漏制作过程和意义，内容要点得分就会降低。而优秀的文章会详细阐述，如 “Paper cutting has a long history of over 1,500 years in China. It was initially used as decorations for festivals and weddings. The process involves cutting paper with scissors or a knife into various patterns, like flowers, animals, and characters. Not only is it a form of art, but it also carries the cultural values and wishes of the Chinese people.” 这样全面覆盖要点且阐述充分的内容，在内容要点方面表现出色。
2. 语言运用（30% - 40%权重）
评分细则：主要从语法准确性、词汇丰富度和句子结构多样性等方面评判。语法错误（如时态、语态、主谓一致、词性误用等）、词汇拼写错误、搭配不当都会导致扣分。能准确运用丰富词汇和多样句式（如定语从句、状语从句、非谓语动词等）表达思想，可获较高评价，但使用复杂结构时需确保准确。
示例分析：在 2023 年新高考卷分享提高英语听力方法的演讲稿中，“I often listen English songs to improve my listening skill.” 存在语法错误，“listen” 后缺少 “to”，“skill” 应用复数 “skills”。而 “One effective method I've found is to watch English movies without subtitles. By doing so, I can not only immerse myself in the language environment but also pick up a lot of native expressions and intonations.” 运用了宾语从句和 “not only...but also...” 结构，表达准确且丰富，在语言运用方面得分较高。
3. 篇章结构（15% - 25%权重）
评分细则：不同体裁应用文有特定格式要求，格式错误会扣分，如书信的称呼、结束语、署名；通知的标题、发布日期等。文章内部逻辑要连贯，段落、句子间衔接自然，合理使用连接词（如 however、therefore、moreover 等）和过渡句可增强逻辑性。
示例分析：对于 2024 年新高考卷学校戏剧社招募新成员的通知，若标题缺失或发布日期错误，格式分就会受影响。在正文部分，“Firstly, candidates should have a passion for drama and acting. Secondly, they are required to have basic acting skills and the ability to work in a team. Besides, those who have participated in related activities before will be preferred.” 使用了 “Firstly”“Secondly”“Besides” 等连接词，使内容条理清晰，在篇章结构方面表现良好。
4. 书写规范（10% - 15%权重）
评分细则：要求书写清晰、工整，字母大小写、标点符号使用正确。书写潦草、难以辨认或标点、大小写错误多，会影响阅卷体验导致扣分。
示例分析：如书写中出现 “i like this activity very much.” 大小写错误，或 “I'm waiting for your reply！” 感叹号使用不当，都会在书写规范项被扣分。书写规范、字迹清晰的文章则有助于提升整体印象和得分。
四、近几年应用文真题解析
1. 2023 年全国甲卷（书信）
题目：假定你是李华，你的外教 Mr. Smith 暑假将在美国某大学开设一门关于中国文化的课程，你对该课程很感兴趣，打算申请参加。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：1. 询问课程内容和安排；2. 表达参加意愿；3. 期待回复。
解析：
内容要点：需明确询问课程内容（如涵盖哪些中国文化方面知识）和安排（如上课时间、形式等），表达强烈参加意愿并说明原因，最后礼貌表达期待回复。
语言运用：准确使用词汇和语法，如 “I'm extremely interested in the Chinese culture course you're going to offer during the summer vacation.” 运用 “extremely” 增强语气，“be interested in” 搭配正确。可适当运用复杂句式，如 “I wonder if you could provide me with more details about what the course will cover and how it will be arranged.” 宾语从句的使用使表达更丰富。
篇章结构：书信格式正确，开头称呼，正文分点阐述要点，结尾结束语和署名。使用连接词使文章逻辑连贯，如 “First of all, I'd like to know...”“Secondly, I'm really eager to participate...” 。
书写规范：注意大小写和标点符号，如开头 “Dear Mr. Smith,” 逗号使用正确，整体书写清晰。
2. 2022 年全国甲卷（书信）
题目：你校将举办英语读书沙龙活动，你打算推荐一本中文小说。请给你的外教 Ms. Jenkins 写一封邮件，内容包括：1. 小说名称和作者；2. 推荐理由；3. 邀请她参加活动。
解析：
内容要点：清晰写出小说名称和作者，详细阐述推荐理由（如情节吸引人、主题有意义、语言优美等），诚挚邀请外教参加活动并说明活动相关信息（如时间、地点）。
语言运用：运用丰富词汇描述小说特点，如 “The novel 'To Live' written by Yu Hua is a masterpiece that deeply touches the readers' hearts.” “masterpiece” 等词提升表达水平。使用合适句式，如 “What makes this novel so appealing is its vivid description of the ordinary people's lives in a special historical period.” 主语从句突出重点。
篇章结构：书信格式完整，开头引出话题，中间分点介绍小说和活动，结尾表达期待。使用连接词如 “First and foremost”“In addition” 使文章层次分明。
书写规范：确保单词拼写正确，标点符号使用恰当，书写工整易读。
3. 2021 年新高考卷（邀请信）
题目：假定你是李华，你校将举办英语诗歌朗诵比赛（English Poetry Recitation Contest）。请给外教 Lucy 写封邮件邀请她担任评委，内容包括：1. 比赛的时间、地点；2. 比赛的目的；3. 期待她的回复。
解析：
内容要点：准确告知比赛时间、地点，清晰阐述比赛目的（如提高学生英语水平、培养对诗歌的兴趣等），礼貌表达期待回复。
语言运用：使用准确恰当词汇，如 “The English Poetry Recitation Contest, aiming to enhance students' English proficiency and foster their love for English poetry, will be held in the school auditorium at 2:00 p.m. next Friday.” “enhance”“foster” 等词使表达更高级。合理运用句式，如 “It would be a great honor for us if you could accept our invitation and serve as a judge.” 虚拟语气表达诚挚邀请。
篇章结构：邀请信格式正确，开头问候并说明写信目的，中间详细介绍比赛信息，结尾再次表达期待。使用连接词如 “As scheduled”“Furthermore” 使文章逻辑连贯。
书写规范：注意书信格式中的标点符号，如称呼后的逗号，结尾的祝福语和署名的格式等，书写规范整洁。
五、易错失分点总结
1. 要点把握不准：审题不细致，遗漏或误解要点，导致内容不完整。
2. 语言基础薄弱：语法错误频繁，词汇拼写和搭配错误多，影响表达准确性。
3. 格式记忆不清：对不同体裁应用文格式不熟悉，格式错误或不完整。
4. 逻辑衔接不畅：文章内容组织混乱，连接词使用不当，逻辑关系不清晰。
5. 书写态度不端：书写潦草，标点符号和大小写错误多，影响阅卷和得分。
1．（21-22高一上·全国·课时练习）你校将在假期组织部分学生赴英国学习，作为该项目的负责人，你需负责将两名赴英学生的情况介绍给英国的寄宿家庭。
请根据以下表格内容，写信给英国的寄宿家庭，介绍这两名学生的情况。
姓名 李华 陈伟
特点 开朗、乐观 待人友善，有点害羞
爱好 体育活动、阅读、听音乐 与李华一样
担心的问题 饮食不习惯 沟通困难
期望 多了解英国的历史文化 交新朋友，提高英语水平
注意：词数100左右（开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数）。
Dear Mr Smith，
Thank you for your offer to host two of our students. The boys’ names are Li Hua and Chen Wei. Here is a little bit about them.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Sincerely yours，
Secretary of the project
2．（18-19高二上·四川·期末）现在越来越多的学校禁止学生带手机到学校，这一举措在学生中引起了热烈的讨论。请根据以下要点用英语写一篇100字左右的短文。
大多数学生认为应该允许学生带手机到学校；2.也有人反对；3.你的看法
注意：可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
3．（22-23高三下·河南开封·开学考试）假定你是李华，你的外教 Mr.Green喜欢中国文化。在春节来临之际，你准备寄给他一份礼物并附带一封信内容包括：
1.送礼物的原因；
2.描述该礼物的寓意；
3.祝福 Mr. Green。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4．（19-20高一下·北京·期末）请从以下三个话题中选择一个，根据小说《穿条纹衫的男孩》表达你的看法，不少于 60 字。
Topic 1. Characters in literature are revealed by what they say and do and by what others say about them. Choose one of the following characters to analyze: Bruno, Shmuel, Gretel, Bruno’s father, Lieutenant Kotler.
Topic 2. Although Bruno feels that Shmuel is like his twin, the boys are different in many pare the two characters and write down their similarities as well as differences.
Topic 3. What do you think of the ending of the story (Bruno’s death) What is the author trying to tell us through this ending
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1．Dear Mr Smith，
Thank you for your offer to host two of our students. The boys’ names are Li Hua and Chen Wei. Here is a little bit about them.
Li Hua is an open-minded and optimistic boy and Chen Wei is very friendly but a little shy. Both boys love sports， and they also enjoy reading and listening to music. As it’s the first trip to the UK， they both feel a little bit anxious.
Li Hua is worried that he has trouble adjusting to British food while Chen Wei is more concerned about not being able to communicate clearly with others. Li Hua is really looking forward to learning more about the history and culture of the UK and Chen Wei is eager to make some new friends and improve his English.
Once again thank you for your generosity.
Sincerely yours，
Secretary of the project
【分析】本篇书面表达是一篇应用文，要求考生作为项目负责人给两名赴英学生写介绍信。
【详解】词汇积累
感谢：tank you→ thanks /I really appreciate it that
喜欢做某事：enjoy doing sth→like doing sth / be fond of doing sth / be interested in sth
担心：anxious→worried/be concerned about
做某事有困难：have trouble in doing sth→have difficulty in doing sth / have problems in doing sth.
句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Li Hua is an open-minded and optimistic boy
拓展句：LiHua is a handsome boy who is open-minded and optimistic.
【点睛】[高分句型1] Li Hua is worried that he has trouble adjusting to British food while Chen Wei is more concerned about not being able to communicate clearly with others.（运用宾语从句以及由while引导的并列句表对比）
[高分句型2] Thank you for your offer to host two of our students.（运用了不定式作目的状语）
2．Nowadays many schools forbid students to bring their cellphones to school, which arouses a lot of discussions among students. Their opinions vary from person to person.
Many students think that it is very convenient for them to get in touch with parents and talk with friends. They can also get some useful information with cellphones online. However, others argue that some students often play cellphones for too long, which is bad for their eyes. In addition, playing cellphones takes up too much time, having a bad effect on their studies.
As far as I’m concerned, students shouldn’t bring their cellphones to school. We should use cellphones wisely, and our parents and teachers should monitor us as well.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于议论文，要求考生写一篇短文，就是否允许学生带手机到学校发表看法。
【详解】第一步：审题
体裁：议论文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：总分法
总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。
要求：1.表明话题
2.相关讨论
1）大多人支持。（support）
2）也有人反对。（oppose）
3) 你的看法。（your opinion）
第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）
arouse; be convenient for; get in touch with; talk with; be bad for; take up; have a bad effect on; As far as I’m concerned; as well
第三步：连词成句
1. which arouses a lot of discussions among students.
2. Many students think that it is very convenient for them to get in touch with parents and talk with friends.
3. which is bad for their eyes.
4. playing cellphones takes up too much time, having a bad effect on their studies.
5. As far as I’m concerned, students shouldn’t bring their cellphones to school.
6. and our parents and teachers should monitor us as well.
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last
2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition As well as, not only…but (also), including,
3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand…,On the other hand… Some…,while others…,as for, so…that…
4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
第五步：润色修改
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：However, others argue that some students often play cellphones for too long, which is bad for their eyes.这句话运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句；也使用了一些固定词组，如be convenient for; get in touch with; talk with等。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
3．Dear Mr. Green,
How are you doing With the Spring Festival approaching, I would like to send you a gift.
Since you like traditional Chinese culture, I’d like to present you a set of paper cuttings. They are traditional decorations, which originated from ancient handicraft arts. They convey good wishes. Fu, Shou and Xi represent fortune, a long life or longevity and happiness respectively. These works are really worth collecting. You can also put them up on your windows or doors, which can bring about a festival atmosphere. With the present, I also hope to express my appreciation for your helping me to improve my English greatly.
Wish you a happy Spring Festival!
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给外教Mr.Green送一份礼物并附信说明送这份礼物的原因、寓意并给予祝福。
【详解】1.词汇积累
临近：approach→draw near
代表：represent→stand for
感谢：appreciation→thanks/gratitude
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：With the Spring Festival approaching, I would like to send you a gift.
拓展句：As the Spring Festival is approaching, I would like to send you a gift.
【点睛】【高分句型1】They are traditional decorations, which originated from ancient handicraft arts. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）
【高分句型2】With the Spring Festival approaching, I would like to send you a gift.（with引导独立主格结构）
4．I choose to answer the third topic.
The novel The Boy in the Striped Pajamas talks about the friendship between two eight-year-old boys during World War II. One is Bruno, a Nazi commandant son. The other is Shmuel, a Jew, who is living in the Jewish concentration camp and always wearing a uniform like a striped pajama. There is no doubt that the story is a tragedy. When seeing both of the lovely boys died in the end, I felt awfully depressed. However, the ending is quite reasonable for only when the Nazi commandant lost his son (Bruno) could he taste the agonies as the Jews did. The author wants to tell us that each life is precious and equal, so nobody has the right to deprive others’ lives. We need to respect each life and cherish peace and stability.
【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生根据题目要求，从三个话题中选择一个话题，根据小说《穿条纹衫的男孩》表达自己的看法。
【详解】一、思路点拨
本文是开放性话题写作。既考查学生对所学语言知识的运用能力，又考查学生的发散思维能力和创造力。该题型要求考生思路清晰，行文间注意要点之间的衔接，要用适当的关联词语贯通全文，切忌只简单地写出一些互不相干的句子，但也不要每两句之间都加关联词语，以免显得生硬。
二、亮点短语
1. live in…住在……；
2. the Jewish concentration camp犹太集中营；
3. want to do sth.想要干某事；
4. have the right to do sth.有权干某事。
三、高分句型
1. The other is Shmuel, a Jew, who is living in the Jewish concentration camp and always wearing a uniform like a striped pajama.（who引导的非限制性定语从句）
2. There is no doubt that the story is a tragedy.（使用There be no doubt that…句型）
3. However, the ending is quite reasonable for only when the Nazi commandant lost his son (Bruno) could he taste the agonies as the Jews did.（only +状语从句，主谓部分倒装）
【点睛】本文先简单地概括了这部小说的内容，两个小主人公，然后有针对性的就话题三展开思路，表明只有Bruno的死亡，才能体现生命的平等与珍贵，明白尊重每一个生命的重要性，使用了大量的从句和短语，用了and，However和so等衔接词，全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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