专题四 第1讲 语法填空 有提示词类——动词【高分攻略】2025年高考英语题型技巧解读（含解析）

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专题四 语法填空
第1讲 有提示词类——动词
一、考纲解读
高考英语语法填空主要考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对语法和词汇知识的掌握运用能力。通过对近五年（2020-2024年）高考英语语法填空的考情分析，总结如下：
从考情分析可以看出，谓语动词、非谓语动词和词性转换是语法填空的重要考点，且每年的考点数量相对稳定。文章话题涵盖了科技、文化、环保、健康、教育等多个领域。
二、命题特点
1. 语境性：语法填空通常是在一篇短文的语境中考查语法和词汇知识，要求考生根据上下文来理解和运用语法规则，而不是单纯地考查语法条文。
2. 综合性：一个空格可能考查多个语法点或词汇知识的综合运用，例如同时考查动词的时态和语态，或者形容词和副词的词性转换等。
3. 基础性：考查的语法和词汇知识多为高中英语的基础内容，如常见的时态、语态、非谓语动词形式、词性转换等，但对考生的掌握程度要求较高，需要准确运用。
4. 灵活性：考点不固定，每年的考查重点可能会有所变化，且题目形式多样，如给出提示词和不给提示词的情况都有，增加了考试的灵活性和难度。
三、解题技巧
（一）谓语动词的考查
1. 技巧一：如何确定是否作谓语
技巧说明：句子中如果缺少谓语动词，或者所给词需要在句子中充当谓语成分时，就需要考虑谓语动词的形式。一般来说，一个简单句中必须有一个谓语动词（并列谓语除外）。
技巧剖析：
技巧点：确定句子是否缺少谓语动词。
典例：（2022年全国卷）The Chinese government ______ (take) measures to protect the environment in recent years.
解题思路：分析句子结构，发现句子缺少谓语动词。根据时间状语“in recent years”可知，句子应用现在完成时，且主语“The Chinese government”是第三人称单数，所以应填“has taken”。
2. 技巧二：如何确定谓语动词的时态
技巧说明：根据句子中的时间状语、上下文语境以及动作发生的先后顺序等来确定谓语动词的时态。常见的时间状语有：yesterday, last week, now, at present, in the future, by the end of等。
技巧剖析：
技巧点：依据时间状语和语境判断时态。
典例：（2023年新高考卷）I ______ (visit) the Great Wall last summer.
解题思路：由时间状语“last summer”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，所以应填“visited”。
3. 技巧三：如何确定谓语动词的语态
技巧说明：判断主语与谓语动词之间的逻辑关系，如果主语是动作的执行者，用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，用被动语态。
技巧剖析：
技巧点：分析主语和谓语动词的逻辑关系。
典例：（2020年全国卷）The bridge ______ (build) by the workers last year.
解题思路：句子主语“The bridge”是动作“build”的承受者，且时间状语是“last year”，所以应用一般过去时的被动语态，应填“was built”。
4. 技巧四：如何确定谓语动词的单复数形式（主谓一致）
技巧说明：谓语动词的单复数形式要与主语保持一致。注意一些特殊的主语形式，如集体名词、不定代词等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数情况。
技巧剖析：
技巧点：根据主语的形式确定谓语动词的单复数。
典例：（2021年全国卷）Each of us ______ (have) a dream.
解题思路：“Each of us”表示“我们中的每一个人”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式，所以应填“has”。
（二）非谓语动词的考查
1. 技巧一：如何确定是非谓语动词
技巧说明：当句子中已经有了谓语动词，且所给词不是并列谓语时，该词很可能是非谓语动词。非谓语动词包括动词不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）和分词（现在分词doing和过去分词done）。
技巧剖析：
技巧点：判断句子中是否已有谓语动词。
典例：（2024年全国卷）______ (see) from the top of the hill, the city looks very beautiful.
解题思路：句子中已有谓语动词“looks”，所以“see”要用非谓语动词形式。“the city”与“see”之间是被动关系，即“城市被看”，所以用过去分词“Seen”作状语。
2. 技巧二：如何确定作主语和表语的非谓语动词
技巧说明：动名词和动词不定式都可以作主语和表语。动名词作主语和表语时，表示抽象的、一般性的行为；动词不定式作主语和表语时，表示具体的、一次性的行为。
技巧剖析：
技巧点：根据句子的含义判断是抽象行为还是具体行为。
典例：（2022年新高考卷）______ (read) books is a good way to relax.
解题思路：这里表示“读书”是一种一般性的、抽象的行为，作主语，所以用动名词“Reading”。
3. 技巧三：如何确定作宾语的非谓语动词
技巧说明：有些动词后面只能接动名词作宾语，如enjoy, finish, mind, practice等；有些动词后面只能接动词不定式作宾语，如want, hope, decide, plan等；还有一些动词后面既可以接动名词又可以接动词不定式作宾语，但意义有所不同，如remember, forget, stop等。
技巧剖析：
技巧点：牢记常见动词接非谓语动词作宾语的用法。
典例：（2023年全国卷）I want ______ (go) to the park this weekend.
解题思路：“want”后面接动词不定式作宾语，所以应填“to go”。
4. 技巧四：如何确定作宾语补足语的非谓语动词
技巧说明：根据宾语与补足语之间的逻辑关系来确定。如果宾语与补足语之间是主动关系，且表示正在进行的动作，用现在分词；如果宾语与补足语之间是被动关系，用过去分词；如果表示将要发生的动作，用动词不定式。
技巧剖析：
技巧点：分析宾语和补足语的逻辑关系。
典例：（2020年新高考卷）I saw him ______ (play) football on the playground.
解题思路：“him”与“play”之间是主动关系，且表示“看到他正在踢足球”，所以用现在分词“playing”作宾语补足语。
5. 技巧五：如何确定作定语的非谓语动词
技巧说明：作定语的非谓语动词与被修饰词之间存在逻辑关系。现在分词作定语表示主动和进行；过去分词作定语表示被动和完成；动词不定式作定语表示将来。
技巧剖析：
技巧点：判断非谓语动词与被修饰词的逻辑关系和时间关系。
典例：（2021年新高考卷）The book ______ (write) by Mo Yan is very popular.
解题思路：“The book”与“write”之间是被动关系，且表示“书已经被写”，所以用过去分词“written”作定语。
6. 技巧六：如何确定作状语的非谓语动词
技巧说明：根据非谓语动词与句子主语之间的逻辑关系以及动作发生的时间来确定。现在分词作状语表示主动和进行；过去分词作状语表示被动和完成；动词不定式作状语常表示目的、结果或原因等。
技巧剖析：
技巧点：分析非谓语动词与主语的逻辑关系和动作时间。
典例：（2024年新高考卷）______ (work) hard, you will succeed.
解题思路：句子主语“you”与“work”之间是主动关系，且表示“只要努力工作，就会成功”，这里用现在分词“Working”作条件状语。
（三）动词的词性转换的考查
1. 技巧说明：根据句子的语法结构和语境，将所给动词转换为合适的词性，如名词、形容词、副词等。注意一些常见的词性转换规则，如动词变名词，通常在动词后加 -tion, -ment, -ance等后缀；动词变形容词，通常在动词后加 -able, -ible, -ive等后缀。
2. 技巧剖析：
技巧点：掌握常见的词性转换规则。
典例：（2022年全国卷）The ______ (develop) of technology has changed our lives greatly.
解题思路：根据句子结构，“The”后面需要接名词，“develop”是动词，其名词形式是“development”，所以应填“development”。
四、易错失分点
1. 忽略语境：在解题时没有充分考虑上下文语境，仅凭对语法规则的记忆选择答案，导致答案与语境不符。
2. 时态和语态混淆：不能准确判断句子的时态和语态，尤其是在一些复杂的句子中，容易出现时态和语态的错误。
3. 非谓语动词形式错误：对非谓语动词的各种形式的用法理解不透彻，不能根据句子的逻辑关系和语境正确选择非谓语动词的形式。
4. 词性转换错误：不熟悉常见的词性转换规则，或者在转换过程中拼写错误，导致失分。
5. 主谓一致错误：对一些特殊的主语形式，如集体名词、不定代词等作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式判断错误。
六、实战演练
1
（24-25高一上·内蒙古呼伦贝尔·阶段练习）One day, a young man Gary went to see a wise old man. He wanted to know 1 he wasn’t able to reach all of his goals in his life. He 2 the old man reading in a small house by the river. With a smile, the wise man listened to Gary’s 3 and told him, “First, come to help me boil a kettle (壶) of water!”
Gary saw a 4 kettle standing in the corner next to a small stove (炉子), but he didn’t find any wood, 5 he went out to search for some. He came back with some dry wood, filled up the kettle 6 water and put it on the stove. Then he put some wood in the stove and started a 7 . But because the kettle was too large, when the wood burned up, the water did not 8 . So he ran off to get more.
When he returned; the water had nearly got 9 . This time he learned his lesson and prepared more wood in advance. This time the water boiled very 10 .
“If there is not enough wood, how would you boil the water ” the wise man 11 . Gary thought for a moment but didn’t know the answer, so he shook his 12 . “Well, then just pour out some water from the kettle!” the old man. said. Gary nodded thoughtfully.
“ 13 , you had so many dreams and set too many goals, ” said the old man. “ 14 is just like the large kettle full of water. You didn’t have enough wood so you 15 boil the water. If you want to make the water boil, then you will have to either pour some water out or prepare more wood!”
1．A．how B．why C．whether D．when
2．A．heard B．explained C．thought D．found
3．A．story B．explanation C．advice D．lesson
4．A．little B．nice C．big D．new
5．A．soon B．again C．so D．then
6．A．from B．with C．of D．at
7．A．piece B．try C．fire D．step
8．A．heat B．work C．fill D．boil
9．A．cool B．cold C．warm D．hot
10．A．slowly B．easily C．quickly D．lovely
11．A．said B．suggested C．asked D．looked
12．A．face B．head C．arm D．hand
13．A．At once B．At last C．At a time D．At first
14．A．That B．One C．Here D．There
15．A．should B．shouldn’t C．could D．couldn’t
2
（23-24高二下·全国·课后作业）He came from somewhere south of Rome. I didn't know when or how he got to America, 16 maybe. But one evening I found him standing in the driveway, behind my garage, extremely thin.
＂My name Tony Trivionno and I mow （割） your lawn. "he said. It was hard to comprehend his 17 English. "I mow your lawn, "he said again and walked away. Yes, these Depression days were 18 ，but how could I 19 a person who had come to me for help When I got home the next evening, the lawn had been mowed, the walks 20 and the garden weeded. 21 , my wife assumed I had 22 him. I told her of my 23 the night before and we thought it strange that he had not asked for 24 。The next two days were busy, and I 25 about him. But on Friday, I saw him, behind my garage again and busy around.
I managed to 26 some small weekly pay for him and each day he cleaned up the yard and took care of any little 27 . He was very helpful whenever there were any heavy objects to lift or things to fix in my factory.
＂I want to be an apprentice （学徒），”he said one day. 28 we had a good Prentice school that trained laborers, I doubted whether he had the ability to 29 blueprints and micrometers （千分尺）.Therefore, he took a 30 in pay to become an apprentice.
Many years later, I found him in our 31 meeting spot, much 32 than he used to be and taking on a look of 33 . He was a millionaire now!
Tony came to America seeking the American Dream. But he did not find it-he 34 it himself. Tony didn't begin on the bottom rung （横档） of the ladder. He began in the 35 . Tony' s affairs were tiny, and all he had were 24 hours a day. He wasted none of them and succeeded finally.
16．A．swam B．cycled C．skied D．sprang
17．A．damaged B．broken C．strange D．appealing
18．A．particular B．boring C．plain D．difficult
19．A．give away B．turn away C．pick up D．pull through
20．A．swept B．decorated C．blocked D．marked
21．A．Hopefully B．Fortunately C．Obviously D．Secretly
22．A．hired B．warned C．obliged D．promoted
23．A．impression B．experience C．doubt D．anxiety
24．A．trouble B．award C．reward D．disaster
25．A．wandered B．thought C．worried D．forgot
26．A．bring in B．leave out C．work out D．take in
27．A．tasks B．kids C．animals D．arguments
28．A．Now that B．In case C．Even if D．Ever since
29．A．read B．record C．copy D．draw
30．A．rise B．cut C．step D．break
31．A．casual B．memorable C．formal D．familiar
32．A．happier B．luckier C．heavier D．paler
33．A．astonishment B．confidence C．amusement D．confusion
34．A．discovered B．acknowledged C．deserved D．created
35．A．office B．school C．hotel D．basement
3
（24-25高一上·河北沧州·期末）Even at 80, Mei continues to patrol (巡逻) the Shixiaguan section of the Great Wall. He lives in Shixia, a village located near the Great Wall. He has a(n) 36 for the wall.
In 1979, Mei returned to his hometown and was 37 to see the wall damaged. Some villagers had even taken 38 from the wall to build houses. Determined to 39 the wall, Mei volunteered as a guardian (保护者), patrolling 20 km daily to 40 people doing so.
In 1984, a Great Wall protection activity was 41 in Beijing, which inspired the villagers. Many returned the bricks. In 2006, Mei 42 a local volunteer protection union, with most of 43 becoming guardians. Inspired by Mei, his niece Liu, followed in his footsteps and 44 became a Great Wall guardian. “It is my 45 to protect cultural heritage,” she says.
China has made a(n) 46 to protect the Great Wall. Between 2015 and 2023, 289 protection projects were 47 , and over 6,800 guardians nationwide are now 48 . Advanced technologies, such as drones (无人驾驶飞机), have also been 49 for protection.
Although the Shixiaguan section is not yet open to the public, Mei hopes the 50 can attract more people to join the protection.
36．A．need B．affection C．reason D．gift
37．A．glad B．ready C．shocked D．likely
38．A．supplies B．bricks C．doors D．pipes
39．A．preserve B．identify C．paint D．build
40．A．observe B．keep C．imagine D．prevent
41．A．passed B．forced C．stopped D．buried
42．A．replaced B．protested C．established D．solved
43．A．locals B．experts C．athletes D．parents
44．A．secretly B．fluently C．gradually D．illegally
45．A．tradition B．responsibility C．proposal D．ability
46．A．mistake B．trap C．symbol D．effort
47．A．agreed B．discovered C．explained D．improved
48．A．growing B．working C．competing D．traveling
49．A．looked forward to B．taken control of C．made use of D．put up with
50．A．heritage B．destination C．video D．brochure
4
（24-25高三下·福建宁德·开学考试）Baby Angela, a girl with Down syndrome (唐氏综合征), was adopted by her new parents. She was 51 in her new home with her new family when she showed them her lovely smile. At 8 months old, this was the baby’s first real 52 , not one brought on by fun. She looked up at her new mom and her smile 53 the whole room.
“Oh, that is the cutest! Can you 54 me again ” her mom said excitedly. And again came the grin (咧嘴笑) from the 55 child. She could obviously tell that her mother 56 the smile and so she showed her as often as possible.
Baby Angela’s smile stretched from ear to ear and lit up her 57 at the same time. The child was absolutely beautiful and her sweet smile only 58 her cuteness. Though her parents said the clumsy grin only 59 a few weeks, they luckily caught it on camera and were able to 60 it with the world.
Though it is true that people with Down syndrome do experience some 61 delays, they still feel all the 62 of a person without the disorder. From infants to adults, these children will need extra love and 63 , with which these children can grow into strong, healthy 64 who know they always have their family around to support them. Baby Angela, though still young, 65 knows that she is in a safe and loving home and that her new parents will always love her.
51．A．running B．lying C．standing D．walking
52．A．feeling B．right C．smile D．home
53．A．lit up B．got out C．turned in D．stood by
54．A．call B．treat C．inform D．show
55．A．brave B．modest C．adorable D．honest
56．A．saw B．loved C．believed D．caught
57．A．eyes B．minds C．hands D．arms
58．A．took on B．cut down C．paid off D．added to
59．A．followed B．spent C．lasted D．happened
60．A．impress B．share C．decorate D．replace
61．A．cognitive B．active C．decisive D．native
62．A．expressions B．possessions C．names D．emotions
63．A．care B．money C．fame D．goal
64．A．students B．boys C．adults D．girls
65．A．quietly B．clearly C．kindly D．rarely
5
（2025·辽宁抚顺·二模）I have been living in the Netherlands since my graduation. When walking my dog, I often go to a nearby public park where dogs are 66 to be off-leash (不拴绳的), but it is not a dog park. My pet dog, Maggie, less than a year old, happens to belong to a breed that is often mistakenly 67 as the hated “pit bull” by many 68 people.
Several days ago, a random man called the 69 , reporting that Maggie was aggressive (富于攻击性的) and 70 other dogs in the park. It just so happened that Maggie made 71 with a group of crows in the park. Maggie would 72 play around with them, and they would follow her on our 73 . When the police showed up to question me about the report, she was playing with her crow friends. They saw Maggie 74 crows and saw her “catch” one by touching it with her nose and then turn around to 75 with that crow chasing her in return. It was so 76 that she was playing and not using her teeth to bite the 77 at all.
The policemen told me it was the first time they had ever 78 such a thing that a dog played with crows like that. They could definitely tell that the man made a 79 report. Whether they were aware of it or not, the crows potentially saved Maggie’s life. What an unforgettable 80 and it reminded me not to draw conclusions based on appearances or prejudices, but rather to make fair judgments through actual observation and understanding.
66．A．distributed B．frightened C．allowed D．reminded
67．A．labeled B．named C．guarded D．admired
68．A．reliable B．graceful C．smart D．ignorant
69．A．police B．manager C．headmaster D．zookeeper
70．A．achieving B．protecting C．endangering D．defeating
71．A．enemies B．friends C．teammates D．neighbors
72．A．hurriedly B．automatically C．barely D．merrily
73．A．trips B．walks C．celebrations D．roofs
74．A．swallowing B．framing C．chasing D．disturbing
75．A．lie down B．fall over C．break off D．run away
76．A．virtual B．natural C．obvious D．influential
77．A．birds B．dogs C．passengers D．seniors
78．A．heard B．witnessed C．countered D．proposed
79．A．false B．legal C．proper D．complex
80．A．tour B．activity C．sight D．experience
6
（24-25高一上·安徽·期末）As a freshman in high school, I faced numerous problems while learning English. It was a major 81 for me, and my progress was slow. 82 , I often felt defeated by the ups and downs of language learning. My 83 towards English was not positive, and it seemed like a very difficult task.
One day, my English teacher noticed my problems and 84 my situation as a common type of challenges that many students face. She sat with me and provided 85 suggestions on how to learn English. She 86 the importance of having the right attitude and determination, which she said were key 87 in overcoming the difficulties. She recommended 88 methods to me, like keeping a vocabulary journal and connecting new words with characters in my favorite movies. It made the learning process more 89 .
With her 90 instruction, my English skills began to improve quickly. I learned that my 91 was an important aspect that could either affect or help my progress. This experience taught me that with the right 92 , any difficulty can be overcome. It proves the saying, “Where there’s a will, there’s a way.”
Now, when I look back, I see that my first difficulties were just a part of the learning 93 . I’ve come to understand that every 94 is an opportunity to grow, and with hard work, there’s nothing that can’t be 95 .
81．A．opportunity B．adventure C．challenge D．decision
82．A．Politely B．Actually C．Surprisingly D．Easily
83．A．choice B．design C．skill D．attitude
84．A．referred to B．gave up C．looked after D．put up
85．A．wealthy B．useless C．specific D．original
86．A．impressed B．stressed C．revised D．organized
87．A．strengths B．documents C．proposals D．factors
88．A．traditional B．awkward C．economic D．complex
89．A．confusing B．stressful C．fun D．calm
90．A．perfect B．fluent C．familiar D．convenient
91．A．program B．destination C．project D．attitude
92．A．clues B．means C．contributions D．resources
93．A．journey B．description C．tie D．symbol
94．A．wisdom B．goal C．struggle D．situation
95．A．competed B．buried C．hosted D．achieved
7
（22-23高二上·福建厦门·期末）My husband Sajan is an Indian with a vegetarian heritage. Since I met him, I’ve been a vegetarian, too. Getting older, I wonder if I ignored my parents’ 96 . After all, they are more 97 with meals where meat is the centerpiece.
Whenever Sajan and I come home, my mom starts 98 our meals weeks before we arrive. She researches new 99 dishes and stocks up on beans and yogurt though she 100 both. So often, even though we’re all 101 at the table together, we’re eating 102 meals. I’ve never really 103 with my mom about the food tension in our relationship. But earlier this summer, I 104 asked her about it.
“It is sometimes a(n) 105 to cook your food,” she answered. “But it is important for us to 106 your and Sajan’s Indian vegetarian diet.”
She also had her question, “You don’t miss the 107 you grew up with ”
I do. And I don’t.
My mom still makes my favorite cookies. But because I’ve been away from home for so long, I’ve 108 lots of new foods, and Indian food has become my food. I always assumed she felt hurt by that, but talking to her, I 109 I was wrong.
Love can be shown through food in different ways. Just make a little room for what our loved ones choose to 110 .
96．A．talents B．orders C．traditions D．efforts
97．A．concerned B．comfortable C．patient D．strict
98．A．planning B．cooking C．serving D．lasting
99．A．side B．meat C．local D．vegetarian
100．A．dislikes B．recommends C．desires D．loses
101．A．standing B．sitting C．lying D．kneeling
102．A．healthy B．delicious C．different D．heavy
103．A．talked B．agreed C．met D．quarreled
104．A．quickly B．gradually C．regularly D．finally
105．A．challenge B．adventure C．pleasure D．blessing
106．A．change B．honor C．balance D．follow
107．A．trouble B．stories C．family D．flavors
108．A．given away B．left behind C．got attached to D．fallen short of
109．A．forgot B．hoped C．realized D．estimated
110．A．sell B．say C．read D．eat
8
（24-25高三上·天津河西·期末）Mo really hated physics. 111 , her friend Terry didn’t have a problem with physics. Terry had promised to help Mo revise for the physics exam, and then just ignored all her calls and texts. 112 , Mo rang her house, but her mum just told Mo she was busy and hung up. “Some good friend!” thought Mo 113 .
During the physics exam, she accidentally looked up and saw Terry having her 114 on her left knee and reading from it. Is that how Terry always got good grades It was even harder too 115 the exam after that. She was furious with Terry. After a great deal of 116 , she decided to tell her teacher Mr. Rued.
No made sure she was sitting behind Terry again in the history exam. They were half way 117 when she noticed a movement. She looked up to see Terry with her phone under the table. Mo nodded to Mr. Reed. Terry was so busy with her phone that she didn’t even hear him as he 118 . He didn’t say a word as Terry looked up from her phone with a 119 expression. Outraged, he took her exam paper, 120 it up and pointed to the door to tell Terry to leave the room. Everyone stared after her in shock as she stormed out in tears. Mo felt more 121 than satisfaction. What had she done
Mo was walking towards the school gate when Terry caught up with her. It was 122 that Terry had been crying. Her face was pale and her eyes were 123 . Her dad had had a heart attack and had been 124 for a week. Terry was so concerned about her dad that she kept 125 her mom to see how the operation was going during the exam. Mr. Reed 126 her now, but she had to retake the exam. Mo felt so regretful for jumping to conclusions and 127 her best friend so easily.
What we see with eyes is not 128 true. When friendship and faith are tested, what 129 is to reach out and get the full picture. Real friendship is far too valuable to be thrown away in a moment of emotional 130 .
111．A．Consequently B．Otherwise C．Contrarily D．Ideally
112．A．Frustrated B．Motivated C．Insulted D．Relieved
113．A．carefully B．pleasantly C．faithfully D．bitterly
114．A．book B．paper C．phone D．computer
115．A．set about B．concentrate on C．prepare for D．participate in
116．A．anticipation B．consideration C．confrontation D．adaptation
117．A．in B．out C．through D．up
118．A．sneaked up B．got in C．fell down D．cried out
119．A．awkward B．satisfied C．surprised D．frightened
120．A．tore B．finished C．put D．packed
121．A．joy B．guilt C．anger D．calmness
122．A．fortunate B．unlikely C．evident D．funny
123．A．open B．shut C．sparkling D．swollen
124．A．cured B．released C．stuck D．hospitalized
125．A．phoning B．texting C．bothering D．begging
126．A．believed B．mistook C．pretended D．supported
127．A．trusting B．helping C．judging D．catching
128．A．occasionally B．generally C．partly D．necessarily
129．A．matters B．works C．makes D．has
130．A．response B．appeal C．outburst D．state
9
（24-25高一上·天津·期末）In the year 2021, a severe storm struck a nearby state. I traveled to the region to care for animals that had been saved. It was during this time that I met Catherine, who was also a 131 .
Catherine is in charge of an animal 132 center. Upon visiting her website, I 133 a photograph of a dog named George. I asked Catherine about George. She told me that she had saved George from a 134 man who had put him into a tiny box and thrown him around. George had spent several 135 shaking in Catherine’s arms before she assured him that he was safe and 136 to find him a caring home.
I made the choice to 137 George into my family. I changed his name to “Chase” because of his 138 to chase after everything. After several months, Chase’s love for people and his 139 nature enabled us to get a therapy dog certification (治疗犬证书). Then we started a 140 program at the local library. By reading aloud to Chase, children 141 their reading skills. Sometimes, even a child who is 142 with reading feels comfortable with doing so to a dog.
One little girl jumped up and down when she saw Chase entering the 143 . Her joyful enthusiasm made me 144 . When Chase greeted her with a 145 , she clapped and said, “Look, Mommy. He’s bowing!” Chase offered her his complete 146 while she read him a story. When her time was up, she signed up to read again.
I’m grateful for everything about Chase that made this girl jump so 147 . I hadn’t 148 him to bow; he’d bowed naturally. I visited the library to assist children in learning to read. But I hadn’t realized how much these visits would increase the 149 of kids who were shy or didn’t fit in. Moreover, Chase was eager to 150 a wonderful ambassador (使者) for dogs - teaching children to be kind to animals.
131．A．reporter B．sailor C．volunteer D．doctor
132．A．rescue B．position C．trade D．balance
133．A．missed B．admired C．noticed D．commented
134．A．single-minded B．strong-willed C．bad-tempered D．warm-hearted
135．A．years B．days C．seconds D．hours
136．A．explored B．managed C．failed D．argued
137．A．take B．base C．involve D．save
138．A．idea B．expectation C．measure D．passion
139．A．brave B．gentle C．terrifying D．boring
140．A．writing B．listening C．reading D．speaking
141．A．try B．check C．search D．practise
142．A．struggling B．debating C．meeting D．working
143．A．reception B．library C．hospital D．nursery
144．A．weep B．smile C．think D．stay
145．A．bow B．word C．wave D．hand
146．A．benefit B．title C．advance D．attention
147．A．sadly B．cheerfully C．truly D．properly
148．A．trained B．allowed C．invited D．chosen
149．A．experience B．confidence C．adventure D．fortune
150．A．look after B．come across C．refer to D．act as
10
（24-25高二上·黑龙江伊春·期中）I was born and raised in South Carolina. When I graduated with a political science degree, I knew I wanted two things: to work in public service and to get out of South Carolina. It was 151 to find a suitable job, so I 152 moved back home. After visiting my old guidance counselor (咨询顾问), I set up workshops for high school kids. It felt like I was making a(n) 153 instead of treading water (徘徊不前).
After a few months, I 154 a position at the Greenville County Bond Court. I didn’t 155 it was open around the clock. My 156 was to deal with paperwork. The hours were long, but I was 157 .
I was a night court clerk (职员) for four years when I realized I had the job 158 to jump to a judgeship. No one had set out for a judgeship at 24 before, but I ran my goals by my family. They 159 me to go for it. I wasn’t 160 to attend law school because in South Carolina, summary court judges don’t need a law degree — they’re 161 . I started talking to people. After that, I had to 162 a training program and pass an examination.
The day I was sworn in (宣誓就职) was 163 . As a judge I must remain fair and, not get 164 involved. The hardest part is the effort it takes not to bring work home. I have to disconnect, or I could stay up all night 165 various cases. It helps to have interests outside work.
151．A．difficult B．practical C．annoying D．discouraging
152．A．unwillingly B．accidentally C．eagerly D．safely
153．A．comeback B．choice C．example D．impact
154．A．cared about B．heard about C．talked about D．worried about
155．A．realize B．remember C．agree D．admit
156．A．solution B．idea C．job D．dream
157．A．confident B．excited C．confused D．nervous
158．A．permission B．experience C．responsibility D．arrangement
159．A．promised B．reminded C．encouraged D．forced
160．A．required B．allowed C．warned D．invited
161．A．valued B．identified C．appointed D．recognized
162．A．judge B．run C．create D．complete
163．A．funny B．unbelievable C．shameful D．uncomfortable
164．A．directly B．secretly C．physically D．emotionally
165．A．waiting for B．searching for C．thinking about D．taking over
参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B D A C C B C D B C
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 C B D A D A B D B A
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 C A B C D C A C A B
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 D C B D D B C B A D
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 A C A C B D A B C A
题号 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
答案 B C A D C B A D C B
题号 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
答案 A D A C B C A D A C
题号 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
答案 B D B C D C A B A D
题号 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
答案 C B D A C B D A C A
题号 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
答案 D B A C D C B A D A
题号 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110
答案 B C A D A B D C C D
题号 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120
答案 C A D C B B C A D A
题号 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130
答案 B C D D B A C D A C
题号 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140
答案 C A C C D B A D B C
题号 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150
答案 D A B B A D B A B D
题号 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160
答案 A A D B A C B B C A
题号 161 162 163 164 165
答案 C D B D C
1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．C 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了年轻人Gary向智者请教为何无法实现所有目标，智者通过煮水的例子教会他集中目标的道理。
1．考查宾语从句引导词。句意：他想知道为什么他不能在生活中实现他所有的目标。A. how如何；B. why为什么；C. whether是否；D. when何时。根据空后“he wasn’t able to reach all of his goals in his life”可知，此处指Gary不知道为什么自己不能在生活中实现所有的目标，应用why引导宾语从句。故选B。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他发现那个老人在河边的一座小房子里读书。A. heard听说；B. explained解释；C. thought认为；D. found发现。根据后文“the old man reading in a small house by the river”可知，Gary发现老人在河边的一座小房子里读书，应用find。故选D。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：智者微笑着听Gary诉说着，然后告诉他：“首先，来帮我烧一壶水！”A. story故事；B. explanation解释；C. advice建议；D. lesson教训，课程。根据空前“Gary’s”以及语境可知，Gary在跟智者讲述自己的事情。故选A。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Gary 看见一个大壶在角落里的小炉子旁边，但他没有找到任何木头，所以他出去寻找一些。A. little小的；B. nice好的；C. big大的；D. new新的。根据后文“because the kettle was too large”可知，此处指Gary看到一个大的水壶。故选C。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Gary 看见一个大壶在角落里的小炉子旁边，但他没有找到任何木头，所以他出去寻找一些。A. soon很快；B. again再次；C. so因此；D. then然后。根据空前“but he didn’t find any wood”和空后“he went out to search for some”可知，此处为因果关系，因为没有找到木头，所以Gary出去寻找。故选C。
6．考查介词词义辨析。句意：他带着一些干木头回来了，用水装满了水壶，把它放在炉子上。A. from来自；B. with用，和，带着；C. of……的；D. at在……。根据空前“filled up the kettle”和空后“water”可知，Gary用水装满了水壶，用with表示用什么装满，fill up sth. with sth.“用……把……填满”。故选B。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他在炉子里放了一些木头，点燃了火。A. piece片，块；B. try尝试；C. fire火；D. step步骤。根据空前“put some wood in the stove”可知，Gary在炉子里放了一些木头来生火，此处指点燃了火。故选C。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是因为水壶太大了，当木头烧完的时候，水还没有烧开。A. heat加热；B. work工作；C. fill装满；D. boil烧开。根据后文“So he ran off to get more”可知，此处指水没有烧开。故选D。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当他回来的时候，水几乎变冷了。A. cool凉爽的；B. cold冷的；C. warm温暖的；D. hot热的。根据后文“This time he learned his lesson and prepared more wood in advance”可知，Gary回来时水已经变冷了。故选B。
10．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这次水很快就烧开了。A. slowly慢慢地；B. easily容易地；C. quickly快速地；D. lovely可爱的。根据前文“prepared more wood in advance”可知，Gary提前准备了更多的木头，所以水很快就烧开了。故选C。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“如果没有足够的木头，你怎么烧开水呢？”智者问道。A. said说；B. suggested建议；C. asked问；D. looked看。根据前文的问题“If there is not enough wood, how would you boil the water ”及后文“didn’t know the answer”可知，此处指智者问Gary一个问题。故选C。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Gary想了一会儿，但不知道答案，所以他摇了摇头。A. face脸；B. head头；C. arm胳膊；D. hand手。根据空前“Gary thought for a moment but didn’t know the answer”可知，Gary不知道答案，所以摇了摇头，shake one’s head为固定短语，意为“摇头”。故选B。
13．考查固定短语辨析。句意：“起初，你有太多的梦想，设定了太多的目标，”老人说。A. At once立刻；B. At last最后；C. At a time一次；D. At first起初。根据后文“you had so many dreams and set too many goals”可知，老人告诉Gary起初他设定的目标太多了。故选D。
14．考查代词词义辨析。句意：那就像那个装满水的大壶。A. That那个；B. One一个；C. Here这里；D. There那里。根据前文“you had so many dreams and set too many goals”以及后文“is just like the large kettle full of water”可知，智者用比喻来说明这个问题，应用that 指代前面提到的“你有太多的梦想，设定了太多的目标”这种情况。故选A。
15．考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：你没有足够的木头，所以你烧不开水。A. should应该；B. shouldn’t不应该；C. could能够；D. couldn’t不能。根据前文“You didn’t have enough wood”可知，Gary没有足够的木头，所以不能让水开，此处表示“不能”。故选D。
16．A 17．B 18．D 19．B 20．A 21．C 22．A 23．B 24．C 25．D 26．C 27．A 28．C 29．A 30．B 31．D 32．C 33．B 34．D 35．D
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文中讲述了一个叫Tony Trivionno的人，在身无分文的情况下来到美国，他通过为作者割草坪和打扫卫生为自己挣得学费，成为Prentice school的学员，并最终通过自己的努力成为百万富翁的故事。
16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道他是什么时候或怎样来到美国的，或许是游泳过来的。A. swam 游泳；B. cycled 骑自行车；C. skied滑雪；D. sprang跳。根据文中 “He came from somewhere south of Rome” 可知，他是从罗马来到美国，所以猜测他是“游泳”过来的。故选A项。
17．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：理解他的不流利的英语很难。A. damaged被损坏的；B. broken不流利的；C. strange 奇怪的；D. appealing吸引人的。根据上文的 “My name Tony Trivionno and I mow (割) your lawn.” 和下文的 “he said again and walked away” 可推知，他的英语说的不好，所以用“不流利的”。故选B项。
18．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：经济萧条时期的日子过得很困难。A. particular特别的；B. boring令人厌烦的； C. plain朴素的；D. difficult困难的。根据文中 “these Depression days” 可知，当时是经济萧条时期，所以人们生活困难。故选D项。
19．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：经济萧条时期的日子过得很困难，但是我怎么能够拒绝这样一个来帮我的人呢？A. give away 赠送；B. turn away 解雇，拒绝；C. pick up捡起，拿起；D. pull through渡过难关。根据连词but再结合后文作者让他在家里工作，可以推知作者不忍心拒绝帮助他。故选B项。
20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第二天晚上回到家的时候，草坪被割了，人行道被打扫了，花园被除草了。A. swept打扫；B. decorated装修；C. blocked 阻挡；D. marked标记。根据前文“When I got home the next evening, the lawn had been mowed”可知此句讲Tony帮作者做的家务，所以路应该是被扫了。故选A项。
21．考查副词词义辨析。句意：很显然，我妻子认为我雇用的他。A. Hopefully希望；B. Fortunately幸运的是；C. Obviously很显然；D. Secretly秘密地。因为有人帮家里干活，妻子很容易认为是丈夫雇用的，所以用副词 “很显然” 。故选C项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很显然，我妻子认为我雇用的他。A. hired雇用；B. warned 警告；C. obliged 要求；D. promoted提升。他帮我家做了好多事，所以我妻子认为是我雇用了他。故选A项。
23．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉她我前一天晚上的经历。A. impression 印象；B. experience 经历；C. doubt 怀疑；D. anxiety焦虑。这里应该是作者向妻子解释了前一天遇到Tony的事。故选B项。
24．考查名词词义辨析。句意：很奇怪，他并没有要报酬。A. trouble 麻烦；B. award奖品；C. reward 报酬；D. disaster 疾病。Tony帮作者家做了很多事，作者本来认为他是为挣钱的，所以作者认为他没要报酬是很奇怪的。故选C项。
25．考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的两天很忙，我忘记了他的事。A. wandered想要；B. thought认为；C. worried担心；D. forgot忘记。根据上句 “The next two days were busy” 作者说很忙，所以应该是作者忘了他的事。故选D项。
26．考查动词短语 词义辨析。句意：我设法为他解决了一点周薪。A. bring in带来；B. leave out遗漏，省略；C. work out计算，解决；D. take in 吸收。根据上文，Tony一直为作者家干活，所以尽管生活困难，作者还是想办法付给他薪水。故选C项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天他都在清理院子，做好任何小的任务。A. tasks 任务；B. kids 孩子；C. animals 动物；D. arguments争论。上文一直提到，Tony帮作者做打扫卫生的活计，用 “任务” 符合语境。故选A项。
28．考查连词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们有一所培训劳工的普伦蒂斯学校，但是我还是怀疑他是否有能力看得懂工程绘图和千分尺。A. Now that 既然；B. In case 以防，万一；C. Even if即使；D. Ever since 自从。根据下文 “I doubted whether he had the ability to ____14____ blueprints and micrometers （千分尺）.” 可推测，作者仍怀疑他的能力，主从句应该是表转折的逻辑关系。故选C项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们有一所培训劳工的普伦蒂斯学校，但是我还是怀疑他是否有能力看得懂工程绘图和千分尺。A. read 读懂；B. record 记录；C. copy复制；D. draw绘制；根据后面提到的 “工程绘图” 和 “千分尺”可知，应该是“读懂”这些东西。故选A项。
30．考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，他降了薪水成为了学徒。A. rise上升；B. cut剪裁；C. step步骤；D. break 休息。take a cut为固定短语，意为“削减”，此处指Tony将所得薪水的一部分拿出来当学费。故选B项。
31．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：许多年以前，在我们熟悉的见面地点我又发现了他。A. casual随意的；B. memorable可记忆的；C. formal正式的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据句意，应该是我们以前经常见面的地方，所以是“熟悉的”。故选D项。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他比以前胖了。A. happier更幸福的；B. luckier更幸运的；C. heavier 更重的，胖的；D. paler更苍白的。后文提到 “He was a millionaire now” 可知他现在生活条件好了，因此体重应该是增加了。故选C项。
33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多年以前，在我们熟悉的见面地点我又发现了他，他比以前胖了，呈现出自信的表情。A. astonishment 吃惊；B. confidence 信心；C. amusement娱乐；D. confusion困惑。后文提到 “He was a millionaire now” ，所以可推测现在应该是更自信了。故选B项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有找到美国梦，所以他自己创造了美国梦。A. discovered 发现；B. acknowledged承认；C. deserved 值得；D. created 创造。根据 “Tony came to America seeking the American Dream. But he did not find it” 再结合上文提到他成功了，可知，他虽然没有找到美国梦，但用自己勤劳的双手创造了美国梦。故选D项。
35．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从地下室开始。A. office办公室；B. school学校；C. hotel旅馆；D. basement 地下室。根据上句 “Tony didn't begin on the bottom rung (横档) of the ladder” (他不是从最低一级的阶梯往上爬的)可知，Tony的起点比一般人更低，所以用“地下室”符合语境。故选D项。
36．B 37．C 38．B 39．A 40．D 41．A 42．C 43．A 44．C 45．B 46．D 47．A 48．B 49．C 50．A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了梅先生坚持巡逻保护家乡附近的长城。
36．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对长城有一种喜爱。A. need需要；B. affection喜爱；C. reason原因；D. gift礼物。根据上文“Even at 80, Mei continues to patrol (巡逻) the Shixiaguan section of the Great Wall.”可知，即使在80岁的时候，梅仍然在石下关长城巡逻，说明他对长城有喜爱之情。故选B。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1979年，梅回到家乡，看到长城被毁，感到震惊。A. glad高兴的；B. ready准备好的；C. shocked震惊的；D. likely可能的。根据下文“to see the wall damaged”可知，看到长城被毁，梅感到震惊。故选C。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些村民甚至从长城上取下砖块来建房子。A. supplies供应品；B. bricks砖块；C. doors门；D. pipes管道。根据下文“from the wall to build houses”和“Many returned the bricks”可知，许多村民归还了砖块，说明他们之前从长城上取下过砖块来建房子。故选B。
39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：梅决心保护长城，自愿成为守护者，每天巡逻20公里，以防止人们这样做。A. preserve保护；B. identify识别；C. paint绘画；D. build建造。根据下文“Mei volunteered as a guardian (保护者)”可知，梅自愿成为守护者，目的是保护长城。故选A。
40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：梅决心保护长城，自愿成为守护者，每天巡逻20公里，以防止人们这样做。A. observe观察；B. keep保持；C. imagine想象；D. prevent阻止。根据上文“Some villagers had even taken 3 from the wall to build houses”可知，一些村民从长城上取下砖块来建房子，梅作为守护者，目的是阻止人们这样做。故选D。
41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：1984年，北京通过了一项长城保护活动，激发了村民们的热情。A. passed通过；B. forced强迫；C. stopped停止；D. buried埋葬。根据上文“a Great Wall protection activity”可知，北京通过了一项长城保护活动。故选A。
42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2006年，梅成立了一个当地志愿者保护联盟，其中大部分当地人成为守护者。A. replaced取代；B. protested抗议；C. established建立，成立；D. solved解决。根据下文“a local volunteer protection union”可知，梅成立了一个当地志愿者保护联盟。故选C。
43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2006年，梅成立了一个当地志愿者保护联盟，其中大部分当地人成为守护者。A. locals当地人；B. experts专家；C. athletes运动员；D. parents父母。根据上文“In 2006, Mei 7 a local volunteer protection union”可知，梅成立了一个当地志愿者保护联盟，所以这里的指的是大部分当地人成为守护者。故选A。
44．考查副词词义辨析。句意：受梅的启发，他的侄女刘也追随他的脚步，逐渐成为一名长城守护者。A. secretly秘密地；B. fluently流利地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. illegally非法地。根据上文“Inspired by Mei, his niece Liu, followed in his footsteps”可知，受梅的启发，他的侄女刘也追随他的脚步，说明她是逐渐成为一名长城守护者的。故选C。
45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：“保护文化遗产是我的责任。”A. tradition传统；B. responsibility责任；C. proposal提议；D. ability能力。根据上文“followed in his footsteps and 9 became a Great Wall guardian”可知，刘追随梅的脚步，逐渐成为一名长城守护者，说明她认为保护文化遗产是她的责任。故选B。
46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国已经努力保护长城。A. mistake错误；B. trap陷阱；C. symbol象征；D. effort努力。根据下文“to protect the Great Wall. Between 2015 and 2023, 289 protection projects were”可知，在2015年至2023年期间，实施了289个保护项目，说明中国已经努力保护长城。故选D。
47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在2015年至2023年期间，289个保护项目被批准。A. agreed批准；B. discovered发现；C. explained解释；D. improved提高。根据上文“Between 2015 and 2023, 289 protection projects were”可知，中国已经努力保护长城，所以这里表示289个保护项目被批准。故选A。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：目前，全国已有6800多名守护者正在工作。A. growing成长；B. working工作；C. competing竞争；D. traveling旅行。根据上文“and over 6,800 guardians nationwide”可知，全国已有6800多名守护者，他们正在工作，保护长城。故选B。
49．考查动词短语辨析。句意：无人机等先进技术也被用于保护。A. looked forward to期待；B. taken control of控制；C. made use of利用；D. put up with忍受。根据上文“Advanced technologies, such as drones (无人驾驶飞机), have also been”可知，无人机等先进技术也被用于保护长城。故选C。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然石峡关段尚未向公众开放，但梅希望这个遗产能够吸引更多人加入保护。A. heritage遗产；B. destination目的地；C. video视频；D. brochure小册子。根据上文“the Shixiaguan section of the Great Wall”和下文“can attract more people to join the protection”可知，这里指的是长城的石峡关段，是文化遗产，所以这里表示梅希望这个遗产能够吸引更多人加入保护。故选A。
51．B 52．C 53．A 54．D 55．C 56．B 57．A 58．D 59．C 60．B 61．A 62．D 63．A 64．C 65．B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了唐氏综合征女孩Angela被领养后的幸福生活。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她向新家人展示她可爱的笑容时，她正躺在新家里和新家人一起。A. running跑；B. lying躺；C. standing站；D. walking走。根据下文的“At 8 months old”可知，Angela八个月大时，正在新家和新家人一起，而running、standing、walking均不太符合八个月大的婴儿在家的状态，而lying则较为合理，表示Angela正躺在新家里和新家人一起。故选B。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：八个月大时，这是这个婴儿的第一次真正的微笑，而不是由乐趣引起的。A. feeling感觉；B. right权利；C. smile微笑；D. home家。根据上文的“showed them her lovely smile”可知，这是Angela的第一次真正的微笑。故选C。
53．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她抬头看着她的新妈妈，她的微笑照亮了整个房间。A. lit up照亮；B. got out出去；C. turned in上交；D. stood by支持。根据下文的“the whole room”可知，此处表示Angela的微笑照亮了整个房间。故选A。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你能再展示给我一次吗？A. call称呼；B. treat对待；C. inform通知；D. show展示。根据上文的“showed them her lovely smile”可知，Angela的妈妈希望Angela能再次展示她的微笑。故选D。
55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后，这个可爱的的孩子再次露出了笑容。A. brave勇敢的；B. modest谦虚的；C. adorable可爱的；D. honest诚实的。根据上文的“Oh, that is the cutest!”可知，Angela的妈妈觉得Angela很可爱，Angela再次露出了可爱的笑容。故选C。
56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她显然能看出妈妈喜欢她的笑容，所以她尽可能多地给她看。A. saw看见；B. loved爱，喜欢；C. believed相信；D. caught抓住。根据下文的“so she showed her as often as possible”可知，Angela知道妈妈喜欢这个微笑，所以经常展示给她看。故选B。
57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Angela的微笑从耳朵延伸到耳朵，眼睛里充满快乐的光。A. eyes眼睛；B. minds思想；C. hands手；D. arms胳膊。根据上文的“Baby Angela’s smile stretched from ear to ear and lit up her ”可知，Angela笑得很开心，眼睛里充满快乐的光。故选A。
58．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个孩子绝对漂亮，她甜美的微笑只增加了她的可爱。A. took on承担；B. cut down削减；C. paid off付清；D. added to增加。根据上文的“The child was absolutely beautiful”和下文“her cuteness”可知，Angela的微笑增加了她的可爱。故选D。
59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然她的父母说笨拙的笑容只持续了几周，但他们幸运地用相机拍了下来，并能与世界分享。A. followed跟随；B. spent花费；C. lasted持续；D. happened发生。根据下文的“a few weeks, they luckily caught it on camera”可知，父母幸运地用相机记录了下来Angela的笑容，所以此处指Angela的笑容只持续了几周。故选C。
60．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然她的父母说笨拙的笑容只持续了几周，但他们幸运地用相机拍了下来，并能与世界分享。A. impress使印象深刻；B. share分享；C. decorate装饰；D. replace代替。根据上文的“they luckily caught it on camera”和下文“it with the world”可知，Angela的父母把Angela的笑容拍了下来，与世界分享。故选B。
61．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管事实上，唐氏综合症患者确实会经历一些认知上的延迟，但他们仍然能感受到没有这种疾病的人的所有情感。A. cognitive认知的；B. active积极的；C. decisive决定性的；D. native本地的。根据下文的“they still feel all the emotions of a person without the disorder”可知，此处表示唐氏综合症患者在认知上会有些延迟，但他们的情感与普通人无异。故选A。
62．考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管事实上，唐氏综合症患者确实会经历一些认知上的延迟，但他们仍然能感受到没有这种疾病的人的所有情感。A. expressions表达；B. possessions财产；C. names名字；D. emotions情感。根据上文的“She could obviously tell that her mother 　6　 the smile and so she showed her as often as possible.”可知，唐氏综合症患者仍然能感受到所有情感。故选D。
63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从婴儿到成人，这些孩子需要额外的爱和照顾，有了这些，这些孩子可以成长为强壮、健康的成年人，他们知道自己总是有家人支持。A. care照顾；B. money钱；C. fame名声；D. goal目标。根据上文的“From infants to adults, these children will need extra love and”可知，这些孩子需要额外的爱和照顾。故选A。
64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从婴儿到成人，这些孩子需要额外的爱和照顾，有了这些，这些孩子可以成长为强壮、健康的成年人，他们知道自己总是有家人支持。A. students学生；B. boys男孩；C. adults成年人；D. girls女孩。根据上文的“these children can grow into strong, healthy”可知，此处表示这些孩子可以成长为强壮、健康的成年人。故选C。
65．考查副词词义辨析。句意：虽然Angela还很小，但她清楚地知道自己处在一个安全、充满爱的家里，她的新父母会一直爱她。A. quietly安静地；B. clearly清楚地；C. kindly亲切地；D. rarely很少地。根据下文的“knows that she is in a safe and loving home and that her new parents will always love her”可知，此处表示Angela清楚地知道自己处在一个安全、充满爱的家里，她的新父母会一直爱她。故选B。
66．C 67．A 68．D 69．A 70．C 71．B 72．D 73．B 74．C 75．D 76．C 77．A 78．B 79．A 80．D
【解析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的宠物狗被一个男人误以为是令人讨厌的“比特犬”，而实际上作者的宠物狗非常友好，因此作者被警察询问的事情，作者最终认为不要基于外表或偏见来得出结论，而要通过实际的观察和理解做出公正的判断。
66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：遛狗的时候，我经常去附近的一个公共公园，那里允许狗不拴绳子，但那不是狗公园。A. distributed分配；B. frightened使害怕；C. allowed允许；D. reminded提醒。根据上文“When walking my dog, I often go to a nearby public park”可知，作者经常去附近的公园遛狗，由此可推断出，这个公园允许狗不拴绳子。故选C项。
67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的宠物狗Maggie，不到一岁，碰巧属于一种经常被无知的人错误地标记为令人讨厌的“比特犬”的品种。A. labeled贴标签于；B. named命名；C. guarded守卫；D. admired钦佩。根据后文“as the hated “pit bull” by many ____3____ people.”可知，很多人认为作者的宠物狗是令人讨厌的“比特犬”，由此可推断出，这些人给作者的宠物狗贴上了错误的标签。故选A项。
68．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. reliable可靠的；B. graceful优雅的；C. smart聪明的；D. ignorant无知的。根据前文“My pet dog, Maggie, less than a year old, happens to belong to a breed that is often mistakenly ____2____ as the hated “pit bull””可知，作者的宠物狗不到一岁，却被人们错误地认为是令人讨厌的“比特犬”，由此可推断出，这些人是无知的。故选D项。
69．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几天前，一个陌生的男人报了警，报告说Maggie在公园里有攻击性，危及其他狗的安全。A. police警察；B. manager经理；C. headmaster校长；D. zookeeper动物园管理员。根据后文“When the police showed up to question me about the report”的词义复现可知，警察出现了，由此可推断出，这个男人报了警。故选A项。
70．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. achieving实现；B. protecting保护；C. endangering使处于危险；D. defeating打败。根据前文“a random man called the ____4____, reporting that Maggie was aggressive (富于攻击性的)”可知，这个男人报警说Maggie有攻击性，由此可推断出，他认为Maggie会危及其他狗的安全。故选C项。
71．考查名词词义辨析。句意：碰巧Maggie在公园里和一群乌鸦成了朋友。A. enemies敌人；B. friends朋友；C. teammates队友；D. neighbors邻居。根据后文“she was playing with her crow friends”可知，Maggie和乌鸦成为了朋友。故选B项。
72．考查副词词义辨析。句意：Maggie会高兴地和它们玩耍，它们会在我们散步时跟着她。A. hurriedly仓促地；B. automatically自动地；C. barely几乎不；D. merrily高兴地。根据后文“and they would follow her on our ____8____.”可知，乌鸦会在作者遛狗时跟着他们，由此可推断出，Maggie和乌鸦成为了朋友，所以Maggie会高兴地和它们玩耍。故选D项。
73．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. trips旅行；B. walks散步；C. celebrations庆祝；D. roofs屋顶。根据前文“When walking my dog, I often go to a nearby public park”可知，作者经常去附近的公园遛狗，由此可推断出，此处指作者在公园散步时，乌鸦会跟着他们。故选B项。
74．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们看到Maggie在追乌鸦，还看到她用鼻子碰了一下乌鸦，把它“抓住”，然后转身逃跑，那只乌鸦就反过来追她。A. swallowing吞下；B. framing陷害；C. chasing追逐；D. disturbing打扰。根据后文“and then turn around to ____10____ with that crow chasing her in return.”可知，然后转身逃跑，那只乌鸦就反过来追她，由此可推断出，此处指Maggie在追乌鸦。故选C项。
75．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. lie down躺下；B. fall over摔倒；C. break off中断；D. run away逃跑。根据后文“with that crow chasing her in return.”可知，那只乌鸦反过来追她，由此可推断出，Maggie转身逃跑了。故选D项。
76．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很明显，她在玩，根本没有用牙齿咬鸟。A. virtual虚拟的；B. natural自然的；C. obvious明显的；D. influential有影响力的。根据前文“They saw Maggie ____9____ crows and saw her “catch” one by touching it with her nose and then turn around to ____10____ with that crow chasing her in return.”可知，警察看到了Maggie和乌鸦玩耍的过程，由此可推断出，很明显，Maggie只是在玩耍。故选C项。
77．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. birds鸟；B. dogs狗；C. passengers乘客；D. seniors老年人。根据前文“They saw Maggie ____9____ crows and saw her “catch” one by touching it with her nose and then turn around to ____10____ with that crow chasing her in return.”可知，Maggie在和乌鸦玩耍，由此可推断出，此处指Maggie没有用牙齿咬乌鸦这种鸟。故选A项。
78．考查动词词义辨析。句意：警察告诉我，这是他们第一次目睹这样的事情，一只狗像那样和乌鸦玩。A. heard听到；B. witnessed目睹；C. countered反驳；D. proposed提议。根据前文“When the police showed up to question me about the report, she was playing with her crow friends.”可知，当警察出现时，Maggie正在和她的乌鸦朋友一起玩，由此可推断出，此处指警察目睹了Maggie和乌鸦玩耍的事。故选B项。
79．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们可以肯定那个人做了虚假的报告。A. false虚假的；B. legal合法的；C. proper适当的；D. complex复杂的。根据前文“It was so ____11____ that she was playing and not using her teeth to bite the ____12____ at all.”可知，很明显，Maggie只是在玩耍，并没有伤害乌鸦，由此可推断出，那个报警的男人做了虚假的报告。故选A项。
80．考查名词词义辨析。句意：多么难忘的经历啊！它提醒我不要基于外表或偏见来得出结论，而要通过实际的观察和理解做出公正的判断。A. tour旅行；B. activity活动；C. sight视力；D. experience经历。根据文章内容可知，文章主要讲述了作者的宠物狗被一个男人误以为是令人讨厌的“比特犬”，而实际上作者的宠物狗非常友好，因此作者被警察询问的事情，由此可推断出，这是一次难忘的经历。故选D。
81．C 82．B 83．D 84．A 85．C 86．B 87．D 88．A 89．C 90．A 91．D 92．B 93．A 94．C 95．D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者高中英语学习的困难和进步过程。
81．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对我来说是一个巨大的挑战，我的进步很慢。A. opportunity机会；B. adventure冒险；C. challenge挑战；D. decision决定。根据上文“As a freshman in high school, I faced numerous problems while learning English.(作为一名高中新生，我在学习英语的过程中遇到了很多问题)”可知，作者学习英语时面临很多问题，以及进步缓慢，所以这是一个巨大的“挑战”。故选C。
82．考查副词词义辨析。句意：实际上，我经常被语言学习的起起落落打败。A. Politely礼貌地；B. Actually实际上；C. Surprisingly惊人地；D. Easily容易地。根据下文“I often felt defeated by the ups and downs of language learning.(我经常被语言学习的起起落落打败)”可知，下文是对现实的客观描述，这里需要一个表示事实或实际情况的副词，用Actually“实际上”。故选B。
83．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对英语的态度不积极，这似乎是一项非常困难的任务。A. choice选择；B. design设计；C. skill技能；D. attitude态度。根据下文“having the right attitude”可知，这里指的是作者对英语的态度。故选D。
84．考查动词短语辨析。句意：有一天，我的英语老师注意到我的问题，把我的情况视为许多学生面临的常见挑战类型。A. referred to提到，涉及；B. gave up放弃；C. looked after照顾；D. put up张贴。根据上文“One day, my English teacher noticed my problems and”和下文“my situation as a common type of challenges that many students face”可知，英语老师注意到作者的问题，把作者的情况视为许多学生面临的常见挑战类型，此处为短语refer to…as表示“把……视为”。故选A。
85．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她坐下来，给我提供了关于如何学习英语的具体建议。A. wealthy富有的；B. useless无用的；C. specific具体的；D. original最初的。根据下文“suggestions on how to learn English”可知，英语老师给出建议，可知这些建议是“具体的”学习英语的建议。故选C。
86．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她强调了拥有正确态度和决心的重要性，她说这是解决困难的关键因素。A. impressed使印象深刻；B. stressed强调；C. revised修改；D. organized组织。根据下文“the importance of having the right attitude and determination”可知，这里表示老师“强调”了正确态度和决心的重要性。故选B。
87．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她强调了拥有正确态度和决心的重要性，她说这是解决困难的关键因素。A. strengths优点；B. documents文件；C. proposals建议书；D. factors因素。根据上文“having the right attitude and determination”和下文“in solving the difficulties”可知，这里表示正确态度和决心是解决困难的关键“因素”。故选D。
88．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她向我推荐了传统的方法，比如写词汇日记，把新单词和我最喜欢的电影中的角色联系起来。A. traditional传统的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. economic经济的；D. complex复杂的。根据后文“like keeping a vocabulary journal and connecting new words with characters in my favorite movies”可知，推荐是一些传统的学习方法，故选A。
89．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使学习过程变得更加有趣。A. confusing令人困惑的；B. stressful紧张的；C. fun有趣的；D. calm冷静的。根据上文“methods to me, like keeping a vocabulary journal and connecting new words with characters in my favorite movies”可知，指上文提到的方法使学习过程变得更加“有趣”。故选C。
90．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在她的正确指导下，我的英语水平开始迅速提高。A. perfect完全正确的，完美的；B. fluent流利的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. convenient方便的。根据后文“my English skills began to improve quickly”可知，英语水平开始提高，说明指导很正确。故选A。
91．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我了解到我的态度是一个重要的方面，可以影响或帮助我的进步。A. program程序；B. destination目的地；C. project项目；D. attitude态度。呼应上文“having the right attitude”可知，这里表示作者意识到态度是一个重要的方面，因为可以帮助作者取得进步。故选D。
92．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次经历告诉我，只要有正确的方法，任何困难都可以解决。A. clues线索；B. means方法；C. contributions贡献；D. resources资源。根据上文“methods to me, like keeping a vocabulary journal and connecting new words with characters in my favorite movies. It made the learning process more”和下文“any difficulty can be solved”可知，老师给作者提供学习方法，可知这里表示只要有正确的“方法”，困难就可以解决。故选B。
93．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在回想起来，我看到我最初的困难只是学习旅程的一部分。A. journey旅程；B. description描述；C. tie联系；D. symbol象征。根据上文“Now, when I look back, I see that my first difficulties were just a part of the learning”可知，这里表示困难只是学习“旅程”的一部分。故选A。
94．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始明白，每一个挣扎都是成长的机会，只要努力，就没有什么不能实现的。A. wisdom智慧；B. goal目标；C. struggle挣扎；D. situation情况。根据下文“is a chance to grow”，以及上文“Now, when I look back, I see that my first difficulties were just a part of the learning”提到的困难是学习旅程的一部分可知，这里表示“挣扎”是成长的机会。故选C。
95．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. competed竞争；B. buried埋葬；C. hosted主办；D. achieved实现。根据上文“with hard work, there’s nothing that can’t be”可知，这里表示只要努力，就没有什么不能“实现”的。故选D。
96．C 97．B 98．A 99．D 100．A 101．B 102．C 103．A 104．D 105．A 106．B 107．D 108．C 109．C 110．D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因丈夫的素食传统与自己家庭饮食习惯不同而产生的文化冲突及通过沟通达成的理解与包容。
96．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着年岁的增长，我在想自己是否忽略了父母的传统。A. talents天赋；B. orders命令；C. traditions传统；D. efforts努力。根据前文提到的“vegetarian heritage(素食传统)”可知，这里指的是父母关于饮食的传统。故选C。
97．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：毕竟，他们更习惯于以肉类为主的餐食。A. concerned关心的；B. comfortable自在的；C. patient耐心的；D. strict严格的。根据语境及后文“meals where meat is the centerpiece”可知，父母更习惯于以肉为主菜的饮食方式，be comfortable with意为“对……感到愉快，对……感到舒服”。故选B。
98．考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论我和Sajan什么时候回家，我妈妈都会在我们到达前几周就开始计划我们的餐食。A. planning计划；B. cooking烹饪；C. serving服务；D. lasting持续。根据后文提到的“weeks before we arrive”可知，妈妈会在作者和丈夫回家之前就开始计划他们的餐食。故选A。
99．考查形容词和名词词义辨析。句意：她会研究新的素食菜肴，并储备豆类和酸奶，尽管她两者都不喜欢。A. side旁边的；B. meat肉；C. local当地的；D. vegetarian素食的。根据前文提到的“vegetarian heritage(素食传统)”和后文提到的“beans and yogurt(豆类和酸奶)”可知，这里指的是素食菜肴。故选D。
100．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她会研究新的素食菜肴，并储备豆类和酸奶，尽管她两者都不喜欢。A. dislikes不喜欢；B. recommends推荐；C. desires渴望；D. loses失去。根据前文“After all, they are more 　2　 with meals where meat is the centerpiece.”及转折词though可知，妈妈不喜欢豆类和酸奶。故选A。
101．考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们都坐在餐桌旁，但我们吃的却是不同的餐食。A. standing站立；B. sitting坐；C. lying躺；D. kneeling跪下。根据后文“at the table”可知，这里指的是我们都坐在餐桌旁吃饭。故选B。
102．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管我们都坐在餐桌旁，但我们吃的却是不同的餐食。A. healthy健康的；B. delicious美味的；C. different不同的；D. heavy沉重的。根据前文“My husband Sajan is an Indian with a vegetarian heritage. Since I met him, I’ve been a vegetarian, too.”及“After all, they are more 　2　 with meals where meat is the centerpiece.”可知，作者和丈夫是素食主义者，而作者父母是以肉为中心，所以吃着不同的食物。故选C。
103．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我从未真正和妈妈谈过我们关系中的饮食紧张问题。A. talked谈论；B. agreed同意；C. met遇见；D. quarreled争吵。根据后文“with my mom about the food tension in our relationship”可知，作者从没有和妈妈交谈关于饮食方面的紧张关系。故选A。
104．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但今年夏天早些时候，我终于向她问起了这个问题。A. quickly快速地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. regularly规律地；D. finally最后。根据前文“I’ve never really 　8　 with my mom about the food tension in our relationship.”及转折词but可知，作者最终向妈妈问起了这个问题。故选D。
105．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她回答说：“为你做饭有时是一种挑战。”A. challenge挑战；B. adventure冒险；C. pleasure乐趣；D. blessing祝福。根据后文“But it is important for us”可知，这里指的是为作者做饭对妈妈来说是一种挑战。故选A。
106．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但对我们来说，尊重你和Sajan的印度素食饮食很重要。A. change改变；B. honor尊重；C. balance平衡；D. follow跟随。根据后文“your and Sajan’s Indian vegetarian diet”可知，妈妈认为尊重作者和丈夫的素食饮食习惯很重要。故选B。
107．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她也有她的疑问：“你不怀念你成长过程中熟悉的味道吗？”A. trouble麻烦；B. stories故事；C. family家庭；D. flavors味道。根据后文“you grew up with”及“I do. And I don’t.”可知，妈妈问作者是否怀念小时候的味道。故选D。
108．考查动词短语辨析。句意：但因为我已经离家很久了，我已经喜欢上了很多新的食物，印度食物已经成为我的食物。A. given away赠送；B. left behind落后；C. got attached to喜欢上；D. fallen short of达不到，缺乏。根据前文“because I’ve been away from home for so long”及后文“Indian food has become my food”可知，作者离家太久，已经爱上了很多新食物。故选C。
109．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一直以为她会因此感到受伤，但和她交谈后，我意识到我错了。A. forgot忘记；B. hoped希望；C. realized意识到；D. estimated估计。根据后文“I was wrong”可知，和妈妈交谈后作者意识到自己的想法是错误的。故选C。
110．考查动词词义辨析。句意：只需为我们所爱的人选择的食物留出一点空间。A. sell卖；B. say说；C. read读；D. eat吃。根据语境及前文“Love can be shown through food in different ways.”可知，这里指的是我们应该尊重亲人的饮食习惯，爱可以通过食物以不同的方式表现出来，我们要给我们所爱的人留点空间去吃他们选择的食物。故选D。
111．C 112．A 113．D 114．C 115．B 116．B 117．C 118．A 119．D 120．A 121．B 122．C 123．D 124．D 125．B 126．A 127．C 128．D 129．A 130．C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了莫在一次考试中看到朋友特里使用手机，认为朋友考试作弊了，告诉了老师。老师发现后撕碎了特里的试卷，特里十分伤心。最后得知是特里的父亲生病了，她使用手机是为了询问手术情况。
111．考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，她的朋友特里在物理方面没有问题。A. Consequently结果；B. Otherwise否则；C. Contrarily相反地；D. Ideally理想地。根据上文“Mo really hated physics.(莫真的很讨厌物理)”以及后文“her friend Terry did