课件60张PPT。九年级下册3Life now and thenModuleUnit 1
They sometimes work harder.1. To understand the conversations
of comparing life in the past and now
2. To learn some key words and useful expressions
3. To learn to use the following structures to make comparison:
A is –er than B.
as…as…/not so…as…1. Learn about comparative and superlative.
2. Master the sentence patterns and say
something about life today and in the past.
3. Know about the rules, such as:①as…as…原级：②(much) too, so, quite, very,比
较
级①…than…②比 and比③the 比,the 比④much, even ,a lot⑶最高级：①one of…② the＋序数词＋最高级⑵⑴Teaching goalsLife in 1980sVSNOWDifferences?Housesmall, crowded big, comfortablenarrowwideTransportEnvironment Personal healthWork and free timeNow and then In the past: There were fewer tall buildings.
The mountains were greener.
The rivers were cleaner and there were
more fish swimming in the rivers.There were fewer cars. People walked or cycled more often. Transport was slower.People lived harder. Less medicine was known. People got ill and died more easily and more often.People had more free time and lived more relaxed.At present:There are more cars. People walk or cycle less than before. Transport is faster. But there are more traffic problems.Tall buildings take up more room for crops. The air is not so clean and fresh as before. The climate is warmer than before. People learn more about diseases and medicine. So people are healthier and live longer. People have to work harder and have less free time. Life becomes busier than before.富有的；富裕的 adj. wealthydouble财富；财产 n.使加倍；把…增加一倍 v.
(成)双的；两个 adj.wealth担心；害怕 n./'ju:st tu/used tofear(用于表示过去真实或经常
性的行为) 过去 v. aux./f??//'welθ?/New words and expressions/welθ/ /'d?bl/很少的；不常 adv. seldomdeaf大点声说聋的 adj.speak up空余的；备用的 adj.spare timespare业余时间；闲暇/spe?//'seld?m//def/wealthy富有的；富裕的 wealth财富；财产 fear担心；害怕used to (用于表示过去真实或经常性的
行为) 过去 People used to ride a bike to work in the
early 1980s. 在二十世纪八十年代早期，人们
常骑自行车去工作。double
使加倍；把…增加一倍
(成)双的；两个 spare time业余时间；闲暇
I like to enjoy the sunshine in my spare time.
我喜欢在闲暇之际享受阳光。speak up大点声说deaf 聋的 The old man is a little deaf,
please speak up.
这位老人有一点耳聋，请
大点声说话。Words:
wealthy wealth fear double seldom spare deafPhrases:
used to speak up spare time Patterns:
I suppose that’s because more people have cars…
But people don’t take as much exercise as they used to.
Some people think life in the past was simpler and healthier than today.Focus onListening and vocabulary1. Talk about the photo. Say what life was like
in the early 1980s and what life is like today.There weren’t so many cars as there are today.1The road is much wider than
1980s.The buildings now are taller
than 1980s.What is the history homework?
Write about life in the past and life today.
2. What is the question they need to answer?
The question is “Is life today better than it
was in the past?”Listen and answer the questions.23. What does Betty ask?
Betty asks if they can write about medicine
and pollution.
4. What does Daming ask?
Daming asks if they can write about
personal safety.Watch and read3. Listen and read.Mum: It’s getting late, Betty. How is your
homework?
Betty: Nearly finished. Mum, do you think that
life is better today than in the past?
Mum: Yes, of course, I do.
Betty: I do too. People are wealthier today, and
they live longer than they did in the past.
Mum: That’s true. We know more about
medicine today, and there’s less fear of3 getting ill because we know how to deal
with the ordinary diseases. But people
don’t take as much exercise as they used to.
Betty: I suppose that’s because more people have
cars, and they walk or use their bikes less.
Mum: Some people think life in the past was
simpler and healthier than today. More
wealth sometimes means less health. When
the number of cars is doubled, the pollution is also doubled, or even worse.
Betty: What about work? Do people work as
hard as they did fifty years ago?
Mum: Yes, and they sometimes work harder.
People seldom say they have enough spare
time! Why don’t you go and ask Mrs Li,
our neighbour? She’s over seventy years
old. She’s seen how life has changed.
Betty: That’s a good idea. I’ll go and ask her.
Mum: Remember to speak up! She’s a bit
deaf now.Everyday EnglishNearly finished.
That’s true.
I suppose…快做完了！的确如此。我(猜)想……1. Nearly finished! 快完成了。 这里finished 是形容词，表示“完成了的，结束了的”。如：
I hope I’ll be finished before 5 pm.
我希望可以在下午五点以前完成。
Are you finished with that work?
你完成那项工作了吗？Language points2. Mum, do you think that life is better today than in the past? 妈妈，你认为现在的生活比过去的更好了吗？比较级的常用句型：(1). 比较级+ than 表示“比…更…”
Health is more important than wealth.
健康比财富更重要。
(2). 比较级+and +比较级 表示“越来越…”
The story gets more and more exciting.
这个故事越来越激动人心。(3). the +比较级，the+比较级 表示“越…,越…”
The more time you spend on, the greater progress you will make.
你在这上面花费的时间越多，你的进步就越大。拓展：形容词的最高级的用法(1). 三者或三者以上相比, 最高级用 “ the +最高级” 的结构表示. 后跟表范围的介词短语: in our class , of them five, of the three, of all , in China…of the threeZhanghua is the tallest .
(三人中)。 (2). 表示, “最…….之一”的句式,用one of the + 形容词最高级+ 复数名词
Hanhong is one of the best students in our
class.
韩红是我们班做好的学生之一。
Suzhou is one of the most beautiful cities in
China.
苏州市中国最美城市之一。比较级与最高级的修饰语比较级与最高级的修饰语的修饰语应置于其所修
饰的形容词或者副词之前。
常见的比较级的修饰语有：much, still, a lot, even, far.
He worked much harder then.
那时候他工作更认真。
常见的最高级的修饰语有：almost, by far, far,
much 等。
This is by far the most expensive bag in the shop.
这是目前这家商店里最贵的包。3. … and there’s less fear of getting ill because we know how to deal with the ordinary diseases.
我们也不太担心生病，因为我们知道如何治疗普通疾病。deal?with意思是“处理；安排；对付 ”，常与疑问副词how搭配使用。如：How will you deal with the thief who stole the diamond?
你将如何处理那个偷了钻石的小偷呢？4. But people don’t take as much exercise as they used to. 但是人们运动得并没有过去多了。
(1). as…as… 同级比较，否定句可以用
not so/as…as...表示。as…as, not?so…as中间用
形容词、副词原级。He is as tall as his father. 他和他的父亲一样高。
You are as clever as me. 你和我一样聪明。(2). used to?指的是过去的习惯性动作，目的在于与现在形成对照。
used?to?do?sth.?指的是“过去常常做某事”，但是
现在不做了。如：
I?used?to?work?hard. 我过去常常努力工作。
暗含的意义是：我现在不努力工作了。
I used to take an hour's walk before breakfast.
我过去常常在早餐前散步一小时。②. be ／get ?used?to?doing表示习惯于做某事。
I have got used to getting up early in the
morning.
我已经习惯早起了。
I am used to eating rice now.
我现在习惯吃米饭。拓展：
①. be?used?to 被用来做
This knife is usually used to cut fruit.
这把小刀常被用于切水果。5. I suppose that’s because more people have
cars… 我猜那是因为更多的人有了车…… suppose在这里是一个动词, 意为“猜想, 认为”, 后面可以接that引导的宾语从句, 此时注意对宾语从句的否定要移到主句上来。如:
I don’t suppose that he is at home.
我认为他没在家。拓展:
①. 构成be supposed to do / be sth. 结构, 意为
“(按规定、习惯、安排等)应当”。
You’re supposed to go to the hospital to
look after your mom.
你应该去医院照顾你妈妈。
②. 意为“假定,设想”, 后接that引导的宾语从
句,多用于祈使句中。
Suppose that you are going to Japan —
what will you do there?
假设你要去日本, 你会在那里干什么？6. Remember to speak up! She’s a bit deaf now.
记得说话大点儿声，她现在有点儿耳背了。speak up表示“大点儿声说”。例如：Speak up, please. I can’t hear you.
请大声一点儿，我听不见你说话。Now choose the correct answer.1. People live longer today because ______.
a). we know more about medicine
b). they do not work as hard as they did
c). they take more exercise
2. There is less fear of getting ill ______.
a). so people live longer
b). because people know how to deal with
the ordinary diseases
c). so people work harder than beforeab 3. People take less exercise because ______.
a). they do not need to
b). they drive cars instead
c). they do not have cars or bikes
4. People work harder today and ______.
a). they do not live as long as they did
b). they do not usually have enough free time
c). they live a healthier lifebb4. Complete the questions with the words or expression in the box.deaf, doubled, fear, spare, used to, wealth1. What kinds of things do you ____________?
2. What do you do in your ____________ time?
3. What can someone not do if they are ____________?
4. If something is ____________, is it more or
less?4fearsparedeafdoubled5. Do you think people ____________ take more exercise than they do today?
6. Do you think people have more _______ today than they used to?used towealthNow work in pairs. Ask and answer.deaf, doubled, fear, spare, used to, wealth分析：
英语国家人士在连贯话语中使用不同的语音手段进行交流，包括重音。英语句子中，需要重读的词称为句子重音。一般来说，实词（名词、实意动词、形容词、副词等）需要重读，虚词（介词、连词、冠词等）不需要重读。Pronunciation and speaking5. Read and predict which words the speaker is likely to stress.
Some people think life in the past was simpler
and healthier than today. More wealth
sometimes means less health. When the number
of cars is doubled, the pollution is also doubled,
or even worse.5 Some people think life in the past was simpler and healthier than today. More wealth sometimes means less health. When the number of cars is doubled, the pollution is also doubled, or even worse.Now listen and check.the number of 意思是“…的数量/数目”，介词of
同其后名词构成介词短语。当它作主语时，谓
语动词用单数。如：
?The?number?of?students?is?about?twenty.?
?学生人数大约是20人左右。
拓展：
a?number?of 意思是“一些，若干”（=?some), 后接可数名词复数或代词，谓语动词用复数形式。词组中还可以加入形容词表示数量大或小等:a?large/small?number?of许多/少数）?Review6. Read the paragraph in Activity 5 aloud.
7. Work in pairs. Answer the question and give your reasons.
- Is life better today than in the past?
-Yes, it is. I think it’s because... / No, it isn’t. I
think...
Now say what is better or worse in:
● education ● environment ● health67Work in pairs. Answer the questions and give your reasons.TalkIs life better today than in the past?Yes, it is. I think it’s because the life is easier now.What is better in education?TalkEvery child has the chance to go to school and the government tries to provide better learning environment for students.What is worse in education?The students in poor area get less and less resources than the ones in developed areas now. TalkWhat is better in environment now?I think nothing becomes better today than in the past…So what is worse?People’s activities brought so many pollutions, such as air pollution, noise pollution and water pollution. TalkWhat is better in health today than in the past?People know more about ways to keep fit and know how to deal with the ordinary diseases.What is worse in health?People walk less and take less exercise than they used to, so they have more health problems now.Your ideas?Exercises单项选择。1.?The?white?shirt?is?as?________?as?the?yellow?one. A.?cheap??? B.?cheaper???
?? C.?cheapest????? D.?the?cheapest?
2.You?know?________?about?it?than?Tom?does.
A.?even?little??? B.?even?less??
? C.?more?little??? D.?more?less4.The?earth?is?getting?________?.?
A.?warm?and?warmer???? B.?warmer?and?warm??
C.?warmer?and?warmer???D.?warm?and?warm?
5.Which?one?is?________?,?football?or?basketball?
A.?more?popular??? B.?popular???
C.?popularer?? ? D.?much?popular?6. ?The?fifth?orange?is?________?of?all?.?Give?it?
to?that?small?child.?
A.?big??? B.?bigger????
C.?the?bigger?????D.?the?biggest
7.?He?runs?__________?of?the?four?boys.???
A.?fast?? ??B.?faster????
C.?the?fastest???? D.?fastestHomework1. Finish the exercises in the workbook.
2. Think about:
Is our life better than in the past?
Give examples, such as buildings,
transport, environment and so on.课件57张PPT。九年级下册3Life now and thenModuleUnit 2
I think life is better today.Review Unit 1wealthy富有的；富裕的 wealth财富；财产 fear担心；害怕double
使加倍；
(成)双的speak up大点声说deaf聋的 To get information from the passage
about life now and then
2.To learn some key words and useful expressions
3. To learn to write a passage about the advantages and disadvantages of life todayWords:
tiny electric light candle postman cold heat full-time role transportPhrases:
what’s more so much/many generally speaking more thanPatterns:
… and looking after us was more than a full-time job.
Families have got smaller than they were in the past.Focus onLook at these pictures about Beijing. Say what life was like in the past and what life is like today.Warming upWhat do you think?微小的；极小的 adj. tinypostman邮递员 n.cold寒气；冷空气 n.candle蜡烛 n./ 'k?ndl/light电灯 n. electric用电的; 电动的; 用电的 adj./la?t//?'lektr?k//'ta?n?/New words and expressions/'p??stm?n/ /k??ld/专职的；全日制的 adj. full-timetransport运输业；交通 n.education(个人的) 教育；学业 n. role作用；职责；角色 n./'tr?nsp?rt//r??l//'fultaim/heat高温；热度 n./hi:t//edj?'ke??n/tiny微小的；极小的 electric 电子的；用电的tiny house 小房子light电灯candle蜡烛 postman 邮递员full-time专职的；全日制的 full- time mother
全职妈妈role
职责;角色educationtransportReading and vocabularyLook at the woman in the photo. How do you think she feels? Think about what she will talk about:
● family ● work
● education ● health1? family
big family? education
? health
? work
a woman worker a housewifecan’t get healthy food sometimesreceived low education or no educationWatch and read2. Read the passage and take notes on what Mrs Li says about the points in Activity 1.Life now and thenBy Betty King Mrs Li is over seventy years old. She has
lived in Beijing all her life. I asked her about
life today and in the past.
What was your life like in the past?2 My family lived in a tiny house. There were
no electric lights, only candles. My father was a
postman, and he often worked twelve hours a
day outside in the winter cold or in the summer
heat. My mum was a farm girl before she met
my father. She was a kind and loving mother.
She didn’t go out to work. There were five
children in my family, and looking after us was more than a full-time job.
I remember the family meals. The food
was simple. We could only eat meat once or
twice a year. I wasn’t sent to school because
my family couldn’t afford it, and what’s more,
because I was a girl.
How has life changed?
Families have got smaller than they were inthe past. Today most people only have one
child!
The role of women has changed too. My
daughter is really lucky. She has a good
education, and she goes to work even after
getting married. I’m happy to see she’s busy
working every day, but sometimes I feel lonely
because she can’t come to see me often.
Transport and travel are easier today. WhenI was young, I went everywhere on foot or
sometimes by bike. Now you can take the bus
everywhere, and there’s also the underground.
And you young people can take a plane to
anywhere in the world. The only thing I don’t
like, though, is that there’s so much more
traffic. It’s so difficult to cross the road.
Of course, we didn’t have television when I
was a child. I really enjoy watching televisiontoday. There’re so many good programmes,
like the Beijing Opera and old films. But some
of the shows are too noisy for me.
Generally speaking, I think life is better today.
We eat better and we live longer.Now complete the notes and add more points
of your own.simpler, meat only
once or twice a yearmore food and
better foodhard and difficult
work, long hoursInteresting jobs
for boys and girlsexpensive, often only
for boysgood schools for
boyson foot or by bikeMuch easier,
buses, cars
and planesNo televisiontelevision,
computers, etc.Read the part – What was your life like in the past? and answer the following questions.课文解读1. What did Mrs Li’s parents do?
2. Was Mrs Li’s father’s work hard? How do you know that?
3. Why Mrs Li’s parents didn’t send her to school?Mrs Li’s father was a postman and her mother was a housewife.Yes, it was. Her father often worked twelve hours a day outside in the winter cold or in the summer heat.Because her family couldn’t afford it, and what’s more, because she was a girl.Read the part – How has life changed? and finish the following exercises.It’s a good thing. Her daughter has a good education and she can go to work every day even after getting married. It’s easy for people to go everywhere, but there’s too much traffic.It helps her to watch so many good programmes, but some of the shows are too noisy.Life is better today. They eat better and live longer.Language points1. …looking after us was more than a full-time job.
…照料我们比做一份全职工作还要辛苦.这句话的主语是动名词短语looking after us。单个v-ing形式短语在句中作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。句中more than表示“不只是，多于”。例如：He is more than a coach. He is a friend.
他不只是教练，更是朋友。2. …what’s more, because I was a girl.
而且，我是个女孩。what’s more表示递进，“然而/还有…… ”的意思，独立使用，既可以放句首，也可以放句中，what’s more后面加逗号。 你应该记住它，更重要的是，应该正确理解它。
You should remember it, and?what’s?more, you should get it right. 3. Generally speaking, I think life is better today.
总的说来，我认为今天的生活更好了。 generally speaking表示“一般而言，总的说来”。in general也可以表达同样的意思。例如：Generally speaking, we enjoyed the trip.
总的说来，我们这次旅行很愉快。
In general, women live longer than men.
总的说来，女性比男性更长寿。4. …and she goes to work even after getting married. 而且她结婚后还可以去工作。(1). married adj. 已婚的；结婚的
◆He came from a good family so we got
married a year later.
他出身好，所以一年后我们就结婚了。
◆They have been married for ten years.
他们已经结婚十年了。(2). get married的用法
1). get married 强调的是短暂性动作，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用；表示结婚已有一段时间用be married。如：
When did your brother get married?
你哥什么时候结婚的？2). 表示“与……结婚”时， 用be/get married to sb. 或 marry sb. 。把A嫁给B与……结婚(表状态的改
变，不能与一段时间连用)与……结婚(表状态，可以
与一段时间连用)【误区警示】“与……结婚”不能用be/get married with sb. 。
①.去年她嫁给了一个士兵。
She __________ a soldier last year.
=She ______ ______ ______ a soldier last year.
②.他已经和玛丽结婚一年了。
He ______ ______ _______ _____Mary for one year. marriedgot married tohas been married to5. generally speaking adv.一般而言； 概括地说; 大抵； 总而言之
Generally speaking, parents love their children.
一般说来, 父母爱他们的孩子。
其用法相当于 in general.一般而言;总之;
通常
如：The term of milk is a month in general.
牛奶的保质期一般为一个月。6. The only thing I don’t like, though, is that there’s so much more traffic. 尽管这样，我唯一不喜欢的事情就是交通太过繁忙。
形容词（或副词）的比较级可用much, lots, a little, even, still 等词修饰。
There are much less children in one family now than in the past.
现代家庭与过去相比有更少的孩子。 life in the past 过去的生活
in a tiny house 在一个小房子
in those days 那些日子；以前
go out to work 出去工作
in the winter cold or in the summer heat.
在严冬或者酷暑
a full-time job 全职工作
get married 结婚 Important phrases Complete the passage with the words and expression in the box.candles, cold, generally speaking,
postman, tiny, traffic Mrs Li’s father was a (1) __________. He
often worked outside for twelve hours a day in
the summer heat or in the winter (2)__________.
They lived in a (3) __________ house and used
(4) __________ for light.postmancoldtinycandles3Mrs Li says that (5) ____________________, life
is better today. But not everything is satisfying.
There are some things that she is not happy with,
for example, the (6) _______.generally speakingtrafficcandles, cold, generally speaking,
postman, tiny, trafficWriting Write a passage about the advantages and disadvantages of life today.● Choose two or three points from the notes in Activity 2 to write about.
Families are smaller…
● Give examples or reasons to support those points.
Most people only have one child today.4● For each of the points you choose, write about an advantage and/or a disadvantage. Use the words however, but, although or used to where appropriate.
Families are smaller because most people
only have one child today. As a result, families
have more money to spend on their child.
However, an only child may feel lonely…● Finish the passage with your conclusion.
Generally speaking, I think… Present your passage to the class.5family: bigger family, less money, less room at home
… the advantages of life for Mrs Lithe disadvantages of life for Mrs Li请根据下表所列的内容要点以Changes in my hometown为题目, 用英语写一篇短文。A sample提示词: convenient 便利的
要求:
1. 短文须包括所有内容要点, 可适当发挥, 使短文连贯、通顺；
2. 80词左右，开头已给出, 不计入总词数。
Changes in my hometown In the past, my hometown was very small. ____________________________________________________________________One possible version:
Changes in my hometown
In the past, my hometown was very small. People lived a poor life. The houses were old and small. The pollution was very serious, and there was rubbish everywhere. Travelling around the town wasn’t convenient, so few visitors came here.
谈谈家乡过去的情况，用过去时态。 Now great changes have taken place. People are living a better life. Their houses are large and bright. Many people have their own cars. The mountains are greener, the rivers are clearer and the sky is bluer. Every year, thousands of people from all over the world visit here.
I’m sure my hometown will become better and better.
谈谈家乡现在的情况，用现在时态。Exercises一. 单项选择。
1. The Smith______ for ten years, and they are very happy now.
A. have got married B. got married
C. was married D. have been married
2.?- Was?Henry?late?for?the?concert?yesterday??
? - No.?He?got?there?even?ten?minutes?________?
than?us?two.????????
A.?earlier????B.?earliest?????C.?later??????D.?latest?3. Peter?drives?____?Amy,?so?it?will?take?Peter?
__?time?to?get?to?the?hotel.?
?? A. much?faster?than;?less???
? B.?more?slowly?than;?less??
?? C.?as?fast?as;?more??????????????????????
? D.?as?slowly?as;?more
4.- How?are?you?today,?Bob??????
?? - I'm?even?______?now.?I?don't?think?the
? medicine?is?good?for?me.?????
A.?better?????B.?worse???C.?happier???D.?unluckier1. 我将尽我的最大努力赶上别人。
I will ____ ____ ____ ___ catch up with others.
2. 过去人们因疾病和饥饿过着困难的生活。
The people in the past ____ __ _____ _____ because of diseases and hunger.
3. 他们是去年结婚的。
They ______ _________ last year.
二. 完成句子。do/try my best toled a hard lifegot married4. 爷爷一生都住在北京。
Grandpa has lived in Beijing ____ ____ ______.
5. 他比起写更擅长画。
He ____ ________ ______drawing than writing.all his lifeis better at (does better in)Homework1. Finish the exercises in the workbook.
2. Finish writing the composition.课件77张PPT。九年级下册3Life now and thenModuleUnit 3
Language in use.1. To summarise and consolidate the use of adjectives and adverbs
2. To summarise and consolidate the use of comparative degree and superlative degreeLanguage practice People are wealthier today, and they live
longer than they did in the past.
But people don’t take as much exercise as they
used to.
More people have cars, and they walk or use
their bikes less.
We eat better and we live longer.Grammar: 形容词与副词 形容词和副词的句法作用
1. 形容词
形容词一般放在名词之前作定语，或放在系动词之后作表语，或作宾语补足语。形容词作定语，一般都是放在名词之前，但若修饰不定代词 something, anything等则后置。
We must keep our classroom clean. (宾补）
They were kind and nice. (表语）
Can you see the old tree there? (定语）
Is there anything funny in the paper today? 作定语，常置于被修饰词的前面
He is a good actor.
2. 作表语，置于连系动词后面
The baby is still asleep. Will you please make less noise?
宝宝还在睡觉，你小声点好吗？
3. 作宾语补足语，置于宾语后面
Have you got everything ready for the meeting?
你为这次会议做好准备了吗？形容词在句中的作用及位置 alive, afraid, awake, alone, asleep等表语形容词作定语需后置。Who is the greatest man alive?
谁是当今最伟大的人物？仔细观察下面句子，你能找到有关形容词的规律吗？I have something important to tell you.
我有重要的事要告诉你。英语单词中something, anything, nothing等不定代词被形容词修饰时，形容词放在不定代词后面。 away，long，wide，high，deep，old等词附有数量词语说明时需后置。The road is about 50 metres wide.这条路大约50米宽。仔细观察下面句子，你能找到有关形容词的规律吗？He is a man full of energy.
他是一个充满活力的人。 形容词+介词短语或不定式短语作定语需后置。 用and或or连接的两个意义相反的形容词作定语需后置。She has a family, happy and rich.
他有一个幸福美满的家庭。仔细观察下面句子，你能找到有关形容词的规律吗？The weather here is very pleasant.
这里的天气很宜人。 形容词作表语位于连系动词之后。形容词作宾语补足语，位于宾语之后。The news made her mother very angry.
这消息使她妈很生气。仔细观察下面句子，你能找到有关形容词的规律吗？Tired and hungry, he returned home.
他又累又饿地回到家里。 形容词或形容词词组作状语使用时，可房子句首、句中或句尾。a big round black new wooden French table
一张新的大而圆的法国黑色木桌子。
a famous German medical school
一所德国著名的医学院
some green eating apples
一些绿色食用的苹果
a beautiful little young British policemen
这些年轻高大的英国警察
a pretty purple silk dress
the boy’s little nice red toy仔细观察下面例子，你能找到有关形容词的规律吗？多个形容词修饰名词的大体顺序是：
限定 描绘 大(小) 长 (短) 高 (低)
形状 年龄 新 (旧) 老 (少) 颜色 国籍 出处 材料 作用
类别等 +名词下面顺口溜有助于你记忆：
品大新形色国料副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、 全句或名词词组及句子的词。常用的有：ago，before，now，then，soon, already，yet, here, there, up, down, above, below, inside, outside, where, very, much, so, too, quite, enough, easily, quietly, also, too, only等。在句中用作状语、表语、定语、宾补等成分。 副词的用法Our school is very beautiful.
我们的学校非常美丽。
It was rather hot that day.
He studies much harder now.
他现在学习更努力了。仔细观察下面句子，你能找到什么规律？副词修饰形容词、副词时，放在它所修饰的词的前面。副词在句中的作用及位置I don’t know him well enough. 我不够了解他。仔细观察下面句子，你能找到什么规律？enough作为副词总是置于被修饰的形容词或副词后。enough作为形容词时可位于名词前或者名词后。We haven’t enough food for you.
= We haven’t food enough for you.
我们没有足够的事物分给你们。仔细观察下面句子，你能找到什么规律？频度副词、程度副词可放在be动词、情态动词和助动词之后，实意动词之前。She has never been to Beijing. 她从没有去过北京。They stayed at home last night.昨晚他们在家。
Last night (时间副词) they stayed at home
(地点副词).时间副词和地点副词一般位于句尾。如两种副词同时出现，则地点副词放在时间副词之前，也可将时间副词放在句首。仔细观察下面句子，你能找到什么规律？Please listen carefully. 请认真地听讲。
Please listen to me carefully.请认真地听我讲。方式副词修饰及物动词可在及物动词前或宾语后，修饰不及物动词在修饰的动词后或在介词+宾语后。The people here are very friendly. 这里的人都很友好。副词作定语，一般放在被修饰的名词后。仔细观察下面句子，你能找到什么规律？The light is still on.电灯还在亮着。
Her office is just above.他的办公室就在上面。副词作表语表示位置，位于系动词后。I’m pleased to see you back.
看到你回来我很高兴。副词作宾语补足语位于宾语后。Review the comparative degree and superlative adjectives and adverbs. 大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1). 规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词， 在词尾加-er, -est
来构成比较级和最高级。 2). 不规则变化 3). 形容词、副词等级的用法
1. 原级的用法
只能修饰原级的词，very，quite，so，
too。如：
He is too tired to walk on.
他太累了走不动了。
My brother runs so fast that I can‘t
follow him.
我哥哥跑得太快了我跟不上。2. 原级常用的句型结构
(1)“甲+be+(倍数)+as+形容词原级+as+乙”表
示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”。如：
Tom is as old as Kate.
汤姆和凯特一样大。
“甲+实意动词+(倍数)+as+副词原级+as+乙”表示“甲和乙程度相同”或“甲是乙的几倍”。如：
Tom runs as fast as Mike.
汤姆和麦克一样跑得快。(2)“甲+be + not + as / so+形容词原级+as+乙”
表示甲不如乙…如：
This room is not as / so big as that one.
这个房间没有那个大。
“甲+助动词+not+动词原形+as / so+副词原级+as+乙”表示甲不如乙…如：
He doesn’t walk as slowly as you.
他走的没有你走得慢。 形容词和副词的比较等级
1. 常用的比较级的句型：
1) A + 谓动词 + 比较级 + than +B.
Mary is younger than Betty.
He got up earlier than I did this morning.
2) 主语 + 动词 + the 比较级 + of the two.
(说明：在of the two这样的比较范围或特指
哪一个时，比较级前要加the)
Tom is the taller of the two.
汤姆是两个中较高的那个。
Lily runs faster of the two.
莉莉是两个中跑得较快的那个。3) The + 比较级, the + 比较级, 表示“越……，
越……”。
The more you study, the more you know.
你学的越多，知道的越多。
The harder the test is, the lower marks we get.
测试题越难，我们的得分越少。
4) 比较级 + and + 比较级，表示“越来
越……”。
The computer is cheaper and cheaper.
计算机越来越便宜。
He studies harder and harder.
他学习越来越努力。最高级的句型1. the + 最高级 + of/ in…Ⅱ.常用的最高级表达： Jim is the tallest of the three.
吉姆是三个人中最高的。
He is the most diligent student in his class.
他是班上最勤奋的学生。2. 选择疑问句It is the most interesting book I have ever read.
这是我所读过的最有趣的一本书。3. the + 最高级 + 定语从句Who is the tallest, Tom, Jack or Bill?
汤姆、杰克和比尔，谁个子最高？比较级和最高级的修饰语应置于其所修饰的形容词或副词之前。常见的比较级修饰语有much, still, a lot, even, far等。例如：This is by far the most expensive bag in the shop.
这是目前这家商店里最贵的包。常见的最高级修饰语有almost, by far, far, much等。例如：He worked much harder than then.
那时他工作要努力得多。比较级和最高级的修饰语1. Complete the passage with the correct form of the words in brackets. For many people, life is a lot (1) __________
(easy) today. Medicine and diet are improving,
and people are getting (2) __________ (healthy)
and living (3) __________ (long). But
communication is changing (4) __________ (fast)
of all. Today, with the Internet, people canhealthierlongereasierthe fastestcommunicate(5) ____________(easily) than
ever before with friends all over the world.
Not all the changes are (6) ________(good)
ones. More people drive cars instead of
riding bikes, so they are not as (7) ____(fit)
as they were. Increasing traffic makes
the roads (8) _________________ (crowded) more easilygoodfitmore crowdedthan ever, and it also makes pollution
(9)________(bad). We must all work harder to
reduce pollution. 2. Work in pairs. Look at the two pictures and talk about how the town has changed. Use the words in the box to help you.big, building, busy, house, modern, more, shop, street, tall, traffic, treeworse1. The buildings are much taller, much more beautiful and much newer. The sample answers 2. There are more cars in the street today
than it was 50 years ago.
3. The streets are much wider and cleaner.
4. The environment is much better.
5. People are much busier than before.
6. The life is much better than before.
7. There are more shops than before.3. Complete the sentences with the words or expressions in the box.heat, more than, seldom, spare, speak up1. We ________ have time to go on holiday.
2. We do not have much _________time because we have important exams this year.seldom spare 3. Never go out in the ______of the day without a hat.
4. You have to __________ because the students in the back cannot hear you.
5. Mr Smith is __________ a teacher. Most of his pupils think of him as their friend.heatspeak up more than 4. Read the email and find three examples that show life was harder in the past than it is today. FROM: Gran
TO: Christine
SUBJECT: The lives of children in Victorian
BritainDear Christine,
You asked me for help about your schoolproject - the lives of children in Victorian
Britain. I was also interested. I searched online
and found out the following.
In Victorian Britain, thousands of people came
to the cities to work in the factories.
Instead of the green, open countryside, people
lived in very small houses, very close to each
other, with no space for children to play.
Families in those days were quite big. Often,
there were four or five children in one family, and they all had to sleep in houses of just two
rooms. Sometimes, a whole street had to share
one outside toilet. Can you imagine that?
Most of the big cities were dirty and unhealthy.
The pollution from factories filled the air.
People put their rubbish outside in the streets.
As a result, there were many illnesses.
And life was harder for children in those times.
They didn’t always go to school, because theyhad to work instead. Many children started
work in factories when they were only four or
five years old. They worked twelve hours a day
in dangerous jobs for very little money. Many
were hurt in accidents with machines.
I hope this is helpful. Write to me if you need more information.
With love,
Gran5. Read the email again. Find sentences that tell us:1 There was not enough living space for people.
2 Most of the big cities were dirty and
unhealthy.
3 Life was harder for children in those times.Write examples.
People lived in very small houses, very close to each other, with no space for children to play.
_____________________________________.
3. ______________________________________.There was not enough living space for people. People lived in very small
houses, very close to each
other, with no space for
children to play. Families
in those days were quite
big. A whole street had to
share one outside toilet.One possible version2. Most of the big cities were dirty and unhealthy.The pollution from
factories filled the air.
People put their rubbish
outside in
the streets. As a result,
there were many illnesses. 3. Life was harder for children in those times.They didn’t always go to
school, because they had to
work instead. Many children
started work in factories
when they were only four or
five years old. They worked
twelve hours a days in
dangerous jobs for very little
money. Some difficult points: 1. be interested in doing sth.有兴趣做某事
2. thousands of 成千上万的
3. instead of 代替, 而不是
4. close to: near 接近，靠近
5. share one outside toilet
共用一个外面的厕所
6. as a result 结果是
7. many diseases 许多疾病Learning to learnWhen you do a listening or reading exercise, you should read the instructions carefully. Then you can focus your attention just on the information you need. You don’t have to understand every word.6. Listen and complete the table.86142218244 children1 child50557. Write a passage comparing the lives of the speaker’s grandmother and mother in Activity 6.
The speaker’s grandmother and mother have
lived very different lives. Her grandmother had
a much bigger family…Write a passage comparing their lives. The grandmother had eight brothers and sisters so she had a bigger family. She started school when she was older, but she left school earlier. The grandmother only went to school for 6 years, while the mother went to school for 12 years, and toA Sample university. The grandmother worked hard in a factory from 14 until she was 50, and the mother worked as a teacher from 22 and will finish work when she is 55; she also has a long summer holiday. The grandmother got married at 18 and had her first baby a year later; she had four children. On the other hand the mother got married at 24, and only had one child, when she was 25.Around the worldchangeFeatures? Differences?Cars The modern car has changed life a great deal.
Before the invention of the car, people had to
travel by rail, on horseback or by horse-drawn
carriage, or on foot. Using horses for travel was
slow, and of course walking was even slower.
Cars allow people to travel long distances
quickly, in comfort and convenience. The car also solved an enormous problem
caused by using horses for transport in cities:
manure! There were so many horses in large
cities that it was almost impossible to get rid of
the manure. Modern people are used to the
idea that cars cause pollution, but the
first cars actually made cities cleaner!More informationhorse, horse-drawn
carriage, on footslow, too much
manurecarsquick
comfortable
convenient
cleaner than
horse
carriageImportant Pointshorse-drawn carriage 马车
The horse-drawn carriage is the main means
of transportation in the past.
马车在过去是主要的交通工具。
2. manure
vt. 施肥于；耕种 n. 肥料；粪肥. v.施肥于；耕种n. 肥料；粪肥.To manure land is to spread manure on it.
给土地施肥是把粪肥洒在土地上。3. get rid of除掉，去掉; 涤荡; 革除; 摒除;
She?had?a?mad?urge?to?write?a?check?and?
get?rid?of?him.?
她疯了似的想快速涂写支票，想赶快摆脱他。
Get rid of the distractions around you.
除去周围分散你注意力的事物。4. Be used to do sth. 被用来做某事
Computers are used to do many things for people now.
现在计算机被用来做许多事情。 Module task:Organising a debate8. Work in groups. Read the motion of the debate.
Health is more important than wealth.
Now decide who is for the motion and who is
against it. You can use some of the following
ideas:● Without health, wealth means nothing.
● You can enjoy life better if you are healthy.● It is hard to be healthy without wealth.
● You can enjoy life better if you are wealthy.For:Against:9. Prepare your arguments. Give examples to support your ideas.Health is more important than wealth. Examples:A healthy scientist
can achieve more
success in his
scientific research. 2. Money can’t?help cure?all?diseases, like?cancer?or?AIDS
?and?so?on.● Those for the motion give their opinions.
● Those against the motion give their opinions.
● Take turns to say what you think about each other’s arguments.10. Hold the debate.11. Discuss and find out whether most people are for or against the motion.( )1. ----What do you think of Tom’s
speaking?
----No one does ____ in our class.
A. good B. better C. well D. bestB( ) 2.—What a careful boy you are!
—Thank you. In fact, Tom does
everything ___ than me.
A. more carefully B. more careful
C. much carefulAExercises一. 单项选择。( ) 3. — The doctor told me____ too much
but I find it difficult.
— The doctor is right. The less you
drink, ______ you will be.
A. don't drink; the healthier B. not to drink; the healthier
C. not to drink; the more healthier D. don't drink; healthierB 4. — Which city is your favorite?
— Hangzhou, of course. It’s the _____place
that I want to visit.
A. worse B. worst C. better D .best D5. ---- Dad, how can I get on well with my
classmates?
— Try to be friendly to them. That will
make it much____.
A. easily B. more easily C. easy D. easierD6. --- Susan, you know what? We can have a
dog!
--- Great! But I prefer to have a cat. It is
much ______ to look after.
A. easy B. easier C. easiest B7. —Which do you like _____, summer or
winter?
—I prefer summer.
A. good B. well
C. better D. best C8. — It's so cold today.
— Yes, it's _____ colder than it was
yesterday.
A. some B. more C. very D. muchD9. The more you smile, the _____ you
will feel.
A. happy B. happier C. happily D. more happilyB10. — Many people eat_____ meat than they
did before.
—Yes, that’s why they’re getting fatter
and fatter.
A. more B. less C. fewer D. muchA11. Some Chinese singers sing English songs
just as ______ as native speakers do.
A. good B. better C. wellC12. Nancy and Lucy are twins. In some way
they look the same, but Nancy is _____
than Lucy.
A. tall B. taller C. tallestB13. Linda jumped than Helen at the
sports meeting.
A. the highest B. high C. higherC二、 完成句子。Bob is _________ ( young ) than Fred but
________ (tall) than Fred.
2. Yingtian is not as __________ (tall) as Yongxian.
3. Almost all the students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _______ (fat) than before.
4.Which is _________ (heavy), a hen or a chicken? youngertallertallfatterheavier5. -- How _________ (tall) is Sally?
-- She' s 1.55 metres ________ (tall). What
about Xiaoling?
-- She' s only 1.40 metres ________ (tall).
She is much _______ (short) than Sally.
-- She is also the _______ (short) girl in the
class.
6. He is ______ (bad) at learning maths. He is
much _______ (bad) at Chinese and he is
the _______ (bad) at English. talltalltallshortershortestbadworseworst7. Annie says Sally is the ________ (kind)
person in the world.
8. A dictionary is much ________________
(expensive) than a story-book.
9. An orange is a little _________ (big) than
an apple, but much ________ (small) than a
watermelon.kindestmore expensivebiggersmallerHomework1. Finish the exercises in the
workbook .
2. Finish the passage comparing their
lives in the Activity 7.
