课件65张PPT。Unit 7 The sea教材背景链接
你对大海了解多少？阳光照耀下她妩媚多姿；狂风暴雨下她凶猛狂暴，除此以外还有什么呢？Unit 7 The seaUnit 7 The seaUnit 7 The seaUnit 7 The seaUnit 7 The seaUnit 7 The seaSection Ⅰ Warm-up & Lesson 1Unit 7 The seaⅠ.重点单词
1．____________(n.) 探险家
2．____________(adj.) 不知道的，未知的
3．____________(adj.) 令人惊恐的，骇人的
4．____________(n.) 水手，海员
5．____________(vt.) 说服，劝服explorerunknownfrighteningsailor persuade 6．voyage(n.) ____________
7．ancestor(n.) ____________
8．eventually(adv.) ____________
9．journey(n.) ____________
10．apologise(vi.) ____________航海；航空祖先，祖宗最终，终于旅行，旅程道歉Ⅱ.重点短语
1．discuss____________sb. 和某人讨论
2．set____________ 启航
3．according____________ 根据，依照
4．get____________trouble 陷入麻烦；陷入困境
5．return____________sp. 返回某地
6．prepare____________ 为……做准备
7．make it____________ 到达
8．in search____________ 寻找，寻求
9．be known____________ 被称为；被叫作
10．blow____________course 吹离航线withsailtointotofortoofasoffⅢ.重点句型
1．where引导的地点状语从句
By around 900 AD，there were many places in Northern Europe________________________________(那里有海盗选择居住)．
2．find＋n./pron.＋介词短语
Biarni was hoping to join his father who was with Eric,but he was blown off course and found_________________________
(自己在一个未知的地方)，from where he eventually reached Greenland.
where the Vikings chose to livehimself in an unknown land3．what引导的名词性从句
Leif followed Biarni’s directions and sailed to
______________________(被认为是)the coast of present-day Canada.
what is believed to beⅠ.Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．The text mainly talks about ________．
A．how the Vikings arrived in America
B．how Europeans settled in America
C．Columbus’ first discovery of America
D．the life story of Eric the RedA2．Which of the following is TRUE about Eric the Red?____
A．He was welcomed back after finding Greenland.
B．He talked some people into going to Iceland.
C．A violent crime was the main reason for his leaving Iceland.
D．The story of Eric the Red was handed down by mouth.
3．The text is mainly written to ________．
A．offer information
B．argue with others
C．persuade readers
D．prove a theoryCAwhosebefore forpersuadeditUnfortunatelyhimselfthe sailingbelieved1. voyage n．航海；航空；航程；航行
(教材P8)VIKING VOYAGES TO AMERICA
北欧海盗美洲之行
go on/make/take a voyage to... 去……航海
①The Titanic sank on its maiden voyage.
泰坦尼克号首航便沉没了。
②After I retire，I will make a long voyage.
在我退休之后，我要做一次远航。
③We ______________________ Australia.
我们航行到澳洲去。
made a voyage to [易混辨析] voyage，travel，journey，trip
2. achieve v．(凭长期努力)到达；完成；取得；实现
(教材P8)They achieved this long before Columbus ever set sail. 早在哥伦布启航之前，他们就已经到达那里了。
(1)achieve one’s aim/goal 实现某人的目标
achieve one’s purpose 达到某人的目的
achieve success/victory 获得成功/胜利
achieve one’s dream 实现某人的梦想
achieve one’s achievement 取得某人的成就
(2)achievable adj. 能完成的，能达到的
(3)achievement n. 成就，成绩；完成，达到①Personally, I used to try effective methods to achieve my academic goals.就个人而言，我过去常常尝试有效的方法来实现我的学术目标。
②No one can ___________ anything without effort.
没有人能不努力就有所成就。
achieve [易混辨析] acquire，achieve，gain
【活用】——选用上述词语填空
(1)After so many years of hard work，he finally _______________success.
(2)She has____________some very unpleasant habits recently.
(3)He worked so hard that he finally____________the opportunity to study abroad.
achieved acquired gained3. further adv.更远；较远
(教材P8)In 982 AD，when a man called Eric the Red decided to set sail further west，there were as many as 10，000 Vikings living in Iceland.
公元982年，冰岛生活着多达一万的纳维亚人，就在此时，一个叫埃里克·雷德的人决定向西远航。
①We had walked further than I realized.
我们已走了比我意识到的距离更长的路。
②I was too tired to go ______________________ so I stopped.
我太累了，不能再往前走，所以停了下来。further[易混辨析] further，farther
?
【活用】——用further或farther完成句子
As the weather grew far worse, my father phoned me not to travel any (1)____________ until (2)__________ notice.
farther further4. persuade vt.说服；劝服
(教材P8)He persuaded some people to go back with him to Greenland.
他说服了一些人和他一起回到格陵兰岛。
persuade sb.into/out of doing sth.(＝argue/talk sb.into/out of doing sth.) 说服某人做/不做某事
persuade sb.to do sth. 说服某人做某事
persuade sb.of sth. 使某人相信某事
persuade sb.that... 使某人相信…… ①The salesgirl persuaded me to buy the clothes.
女售货员说服我买了衣服。
②Who _______________________him __________________ the letter？谁说服他写那封信的？
③When he retired three years ago, he persuaded his church music director to take him as a student.
当他三年前退休的时候，他说服他的教会音乐总监收他为学生。
[温馨提示] persuade“说服”，表示结果，暗示“劝成功
了”；若不强调结果，则用advise或try to persuade。persuaded/argued/talked into writing【活用】——用persuade的相关词语完成小片段
The other day，my husband
(1)______________________________buy a coat as he thought it was too long.However，the assistant tried hard to (2)______________me _________the good quality and fashionable style of it.Therefore，I couldn’t help (3)______________________________buying it.So you can see how easy it is (4)________________a woman
_______________________things that aren’t suitable for her.persuaded me not to persuadeofbeing persuaded intoto persuadeto buy/into buying5. apologise vi.道歉，赔罪，赔不是，认错，谢罪
(教材P9)Mr Johnson apologised for the mistake.
约翰逊先生因为这个错误而道歉。
(1)apologise to sb. 向某人道歉
apologise for(doing) sth. 因(做)某事而道歉
(2)apology n. 道歉；认错
make an apology to sb. 向某人道歉
make an apology for sth. 因某事而道歉 ①Then he looked at me with tears in his eyes before quietly asking if he could go to find his teacher to apologise.接着他眼里噙着泪水看着我，静静地问他能否去找老师道歉。
②Paul and his brother had a terrible quarrel，but they _____________________ each other and made up very soon.
保尔和他弟弟大吵了一架，但是他们很快就互相道歉，言归于好了。
③He made an apology to the teacher for coming late.
他因迟到而向老师道歉。apologised to 【活用】——完成句子
(1)_____________________can be smart，or it can be stupid.
拒绝道歉可能是聪明的，也可能是愚蠢的行为。
(2)You must _______________ your teacher ________ being so rude.
＝You must _______________________________________so rude.
你太无礼了，必须向你的老师道歉。
(3)I must__________________________ sooner to your letter.
我未能及时给你回信，必须向你道歉。
Refusing to apologiseapologise toformake an apology to your teacher for beingapologise for not replying6. frightening adj.令人惊恐的；骇人的
(教材P115)But it can be frightening when the weather is bad. 但是当天气不好时它可能很恐怖。
(1)frighten vt. 使惊恐，吓唬
frighten sb.into/out of (doing) sth. 恐吓某人做/不做某事
(2)frightened adj. 受惊的，害怕的
be frightened of sb./(doing)sth.
害怕某人/某事；对(做)某事感到害怕
be frightened at sth. 因……而害怕/受惊 ①It’s frightening to think it could happen again.
想到此事可能再发生就使人不寒而栗。
②I got quite ____________________ when he lost his temper.
他发起脾气来我觉得挺害怕的。
③Don’t be frightened of making mistakes when you speak English.讲英语时别害怕犯错误。frightened [温馨提示] 由过去分词或现在分词转化来的形容词，是分
词形容词。这些词已失去了动词的性质，大多数可被副词
very或too修饰，有的还有比较级和最高级，故称为分词形容
词。v.-ing形式，意为“令人……的”，多指事物；v.-ed形
式，意为“感到……的”，多用于指人。常见的分词形容词
有：surprised/surprising；excited/exciting；interested/interesting；bored/boring；tired/tiring；pleased/pleasing；puzzled/puzzling;astonished/astonishing；shocked/shocking等。 【活用】——用frightening的相关词汇完成句子
The little girl was (1)____________ at the (2)____________ news.She (3)__________________ going out to search for her little brother at night.
小女孩因为这个可怕的消息而害怕。她害怕在晚上出去寻找她的弟弟frightenedfrighteningwas frightened of7. long before 很久以前
(教材P8)They achieved this long before Columbus ever set sail.
早在哥伦布起航之前，他们就已经到达那里了。
It was long before... 过了很久才……
It was not long before... 没过多久就……
It will not be long before... 要不了多久就会……
It will be long before... 要过很久才……
before long＝soon 很快，不久①He said he had read the book long before.
他说他很久之前就读过这本书。
②______________________ I fell asleep.过了很久我才睡着。
③It was not long before my mother came back.
没过多久妈妈就回来了。
④Before long he’s rushed off to the market to buy the ingredients for whatever it was that you ordered—every meal fresh and to order.
不管你点什么菜，不久他就会急忙去市场买原料——每餐都是新鲜的、定做的。It was long before8. according to 根据；依据
(教材P8)According to the old stories of Iceland and Norway，Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder，for which he got into trouble. 根据冰岛和挪威的传说，埃里克·雷德因一起谋杀案而惹上麻烦，并被迫离开冰岛。
①According to these figures，the company is doing well.
从这些数字来看，这家公司经营得不错。
②______________________，she’s a really good teacher.
按照乔治的说法，她是一位真正的好教师。According to George[温馨提示] (1)according to表示“根据；按照”时，主要用来引出状语，一般不用来引出表语。
(2)according to后一般不接view(看法)和opinion(观点，意见)等词，也不接表示第一人称的代词(me，us)。
9. get into trouble 陷入麻烦；陷入困境
(教材P8)According to the old stories of Iceland and Norway，Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder，for which he got into trouble. 根据冰岛和挪威的传说，埃里克·雷德因一起谋杀案而惹上麻烦，并被迫离开冰岛。
in trouble 处于困境或险境
take the trouble to do sth. 不厌其烦地干某事
have trouble (in) doing/with sth. 做某事有困难
look/ask for trouble 找麻烦
make trouble 制造麻烦
get sb.into trouble 使某人陷入困境 ①Even an experienced climber can get into trouble.
哪怕是个有经验的登山者也可能陷入困境。
②If you break law again，you will __________________．
若再违反法律，你会出麻烦的。
③The naughty boys often came to make trouble.
那些淘气的男孩子经常来捣乱。
【活用】——用上述词汇完成小片段
If you are always (1)________________ (制造麻烦) to others,
you will (2)_______________ (陷入困境)in time.At that time, you will (3)______________ (做……有困难) making friends.get into troublemaking troubleget into troublehave trouble in10. make it to 到达
(教材P8)Eric set sail once again，this time with 25 ships，of which only 14 made it to Greenland.
埃里克又开始启航，这次他率领25艘船，最终只有14艘抵达了格陵兰岛。
make it 做成某事，获得成功
get it 懂得，理解，明白
catch it 受惩罚，受斥责 ①He couldn’t understand why the voters didn’t get it.
他不明白选民们为什么不理解。
②You will _______________ if your mother finds out.
如果你妈妈发现，你就会受到惩罚。
③I would never make it as a mathematician.
我永远不会成为一名数学家。catch it11. in search of 寻找；寻求
(教材P8)Not long after Eric the Red had landed in Greenland, a man called Biarni set sail from Iceland in search of Eric’s party.
埃里克·雷德登上格陵兰岛后不久，一个叫比阿尼的人也从冰岛启航来寻找埃里克一伙人。(1)make a search for 搜索；追求
in one’s search for 寻找
(2)search for 寻找
search...for... 搜查……以寻找……
search out 找出，查出，搜寻出
search into 调查，研究 ①Scientists are still in search of a cure for this kind of virus.科学家们仍在寻找治疗这种病毒的方法。
②We will _____________________ the house.我们将会找到这房子。
③He searched every room in the house for the lost book.他搜查了这房子的每一个房间找那本丢失的书。
④They ______________________________ the lost child.
他们花很长时间寻找失踪的孩子。
[温馨提示] search sb./sp.搜某人的身/搜查某地，而search for sb./sth.则表示“寻找某人/某物”。search out made a long search for Ⅰ.词汇自测
1．They had a____________(航行)in space last year.
2．The____________(精神)is willing but the flesh is weak.
3．I don’t think I can move a step_______________(更远)．
4．The cause of the accident remained_____________(不知道的)．
5．Remember to test your____________(刹车)regularly.
voyagespirit further/fartherunknownbrakes6．It’s____________(骇人的)to think how easily children can be hurt.
7．We have____________(劝服)him to accept our ideas.
8．My____________(祖先)were French.
9．They____________(道歉)for the late departure of this flight just now.
10．She hopes to get a job on the local newspaper and____________(最终)works for The Times.
frighteningpersuaded ancestors apologised eventuallyⅡ.选词填空
?
1．Each man will be paid________________his ability.
2．We’d ____________ playing outdoors ____________ watching television.
3．Migrant workers move from country to country ________________work.
4．They expected him to________________the ceremony.
5．A thousand boats________________on a long stretch of the river.according to prefertoin search of participate inset sail6．He’ll________________if someone doesn’t head him off.
7．You got the date wrong when you________________the check.
8．She finally________________the bus stop just in time to catch her bus.
get into trouble were filling in/out made it to1. (教材P8)The Vikings were the first Europeans to reach America. 北欧海盗是第一批到达美洲的欧洲人。
[句法分析]
句中不定式短语to reach America作后置定语，修饰the first Europeans。当中心词是序数词或被序数词修饰时，常用不定式(短语)作后置定语。英语中常用不定式作后置定语的情况：
(1)被修饰词为序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时；
(2)不定代词something，nothing，little等后常用不定式作定语；
(3)抽象名词time，way，reason，chance，ability，courage，opportunity，wish等后常用不定式作定语；
(4)被修饰词前有the only，the very，the next等词对其进行修饰时；
(5)表示将要发生的动作时(既有主动形式，也有被动形式)；
(6)there be句型中，作主语的名词后可接不定式作定语。①I have no courage to try it again after failure.
失败后我没有勇气再去尝试一次。
②Get him something _______________．给他拿点东西吃。
③She is the only woman to have been elected to such a post.她是唯一一位当选该职位的女性。
④There is nothing __________________．没什么可担心的。to eatto worry about2. (教材P8)By around 900 AD，there were many places in Northern Europe where the Vikings chose to live.
大约到公元900年，北欧很多地方都有海盗居住。
[句法分析]
where the Vikings chose to live为关系副词where引导的定语从句，修饰先行词places。定语从句中缺少地点状语，故用关系副词where引导。①I’ll never forget the days when(during which) we worked together.
我将永远不会忘记我们一起工作的日子。
②This is the place ______________________I was born.
这是我的出生地。
③Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer？这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？
where (in which) [温馨提示] 先行词虽然是时间或地点，但定语从句中不缺
状语，而是缺主语或宾语时，要用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。
3. (教材P8)Biarni was hoping to join his father who was with Eric，but he was blown off course and found himself in an unknown land，from where he eventually reached
Greenland. 比阿尼希望同他父亲会合，那时候他的父亲和埃里克在一起，但比阿尼发现自己被吹离了航线，发现自己在一个无名的地方，从那里他最终到达了格陵兰岛。
[句法分析]
find＋n./pron.＋介词短语，表示宾语处于某种状态。①The police found the lost boy in a wooden house.
警察发现丢失的小男孩在一个木屋里面。
②The worker _____________ the machine ______________．
这位工人发现机器出了毛病。
③The family had abandoned all hope of finding him alive.家人对他的生还已经不抱任何希望。
④We ____________ him __________to receive us.
我们发现他正在那儿等着接我们。foundout of orderfound waiting Ⅰ.完成句子
1．When he woke up he____________________________(发现自己躺在医院里)．
2．He________________________(发现自己被包围)by a group of boys.
3．Do you have anything________________(要说的)on the question?
4．My wish________________(游览法国)came true at last.
5．That is the city ________________(她工作的地方)．found himself lying in hospital found himself surroundedto sayto visit Francewhere she worksⅡ.单句填空
1．He works in the factory ____________ his father worked.
2．She found a wallet ____________(lie) on the ground.
3．They found the street ____________(line) with people.
4．We have made a plan __________(learn) from Lei Feng.
5．I need a piece of paper ____________(write) on.where lying linedto learnto write本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
, [学生用书单独成册])
课时作业1 (A卷)
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．I entered the room and found the window ____________(break)．
2．The bookshop ____________ I bought this book is not far from here.
3．He had no money and no place ____________(live)．
4．The police searched every nook and corner ____________ the escaped criminal.
5．Do we have enough time to make ____________ to Bremen today?
6．We had trouble ____________(persuade) him to come with us.
7．I knew your boss long ____________ I came to this city.
8．I must apologize for not ____________(be) able to meet you.
9．We finally persuaded him into ____________(accept) our views.
10．The sound we heard last night was so ____________(frighten)．
答案：1.broken 2.where 3.to live 4.for 5.it 6.persuading 7.before 8.being 9.accepting 10.frightening
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Our world is getting smaller and smaller.Miss Yamada，whose plane could cover 800 kilometers an hour，flew around the world in less than fifty hours.The newest planes could go 600 miles(one mile equals 1.609 kilometers)an hour，and we are now developing planes that are even faster.
But it used to take a lot longer to go around the world.Magellan’s men were the first to make the trip.It took them more than two years to do so by ship.
Magellan was from Portugal，but he sailed for the king of Spain.On September 20，1519，he left Spain with five ships and 240 men.After passing the south tip of South America，they reached the Pacific Ocean，on which they sailed more than one year.Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water.Many of them died of hunger and diseases.They even had to live on sawdust(锯末)．Finally in April 1521，Magellan got to the Philippine Islands，where he was killed.His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean.It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope.By the time they returned to Spain on December 21，1521，seven out of every eight men had died.Magellan’s voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.
1．Miss Yamada could fly around the world in less than fifty hours because________．
A．our world was getting smaller and smaller
B．her plane was the fastest at the time this passage was written
C．they had developed planes that could go more than 600 miles an hour
D．her plane was very fast
解析：选D。由“whose plane could cover 800 kilometers an hour”可知，Yamada的飞机因为飞得很快，所以能在短时间内环游世界一圈。
2．According to the passage，the newest plane at that time could go around the world in about________．
A．fifty hours B．thirty-five hours
C．forty-one hours D．thirty-eight hours
解析：选C。由第一段提到的两组数据可计算出最新的飞机环绕地球一圈所需的时间(设为X小时)，算式如下：800×50＝600×1.609×X，解得X约为41小时。
3．Which of the following shows correctly the route by which Magellan’s men sailed around the world?
解析：选D。麦哲伦船队航行的大致航线为：西班牙→南美洲南端→太平洋→菲律宾群岛→印度洋→非洲好望角→西班牙。D项所标航线符合事实。
4．Which of the following do you think is the best title for this passage?
A．Magellan’s Voyage
B．Going Around the World
C．Sailing Around the World
D．The World Is Round
解析：选A。第二段一开头提到“But it used to take a lot longer to go around the world.”，接着讲述了麦哲伦环球航行的路线及在航程中所经历的磨难。
Ⅲ.完形填空
In 2012，I had just recovered from a serious illness when I received an invitation to a writer’s conference in Orlando，Florida.My family persuaded me that a(n) __1__ might be just what the doctor ordered，so off I __2__．
Arriving in the Sunshine State was rather tiring，but I __3__ to catch a taxi to my __4__ and settle in.Next morning，I took another __5__ to the shopping centre to buy a few souvenirs.__6__ I went to a café to have lunch，but all the tables were __7__．Then I heard a friendly voice saying，“You can __8__ my table.”
I gratefully sat down with the __9__ lady and we had a happy lunch together.As the__10__ drew to a close she asked how long I would be in Orlando.I had already told her that I hadn’t __11__ a car，and hadn’t realised how __12__ taking taxis would be.After a while she said，“My dear，don’t use any more taxis.I’m retired and it would be my pleasure to __13__ you wherever you wish.”I told her that I couldn’t put her to that __14__，but she brushed aside my protests (反对)．She asked me where I was __15__ and next morning she was waiting at my apartment at the __16__ time to take me to Disney World.She spent some time with me before leaving me to __17__ alone.At the end of the day，she __18__ to take me back to my accommodation.I __19__ her money but she refused to take any.
I’ll never forget that wonderful lady who，through her __20__，filled my brief holiday in Florida with wonderful memories.
【解题导语】 本文为一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己2012年到佛罗里达奥兰多出席作者会期间受到热心人帮助的感人故事。
1．A.holiday B．ceremony
C．operation D．experiment
解析：选A。根据“an invitation to a writer’s conference”可排除C项operation“手术”和D项experiment“实验”。结合上句中“I had just recovered from a serious illness”以及接下来的“might be just what the doctor ordered”可知选A项。医生给刚刚康复病人的医嘱自然是“度假”，而不是“仪式”。最后一段中的holiday即为提示词。
2．A.kept B．went
C．dropped D．knocked
解析：选B。本句为部分倒装，将作状语的off前置了。正常的结构为：so I went off。go off(＝leave off)出发；keep off远离，(使)不靠近；drop off落下，减少，(使)下车；knock off下班，完成，降低。根据上句中“I received an invitation to a writer’s conference in Orlando，Florida”可知，作者是“出发”去参加作者会。故选B项。
3．A.intended B．promised
C．managed D．deserved
解析：选C。intend意图，打算；promise答应，许诺；manage设法；deserve值得。根据“was rather tiring，but”可知选C项。manage to do sth.意为“虽然费尽周折但设法做成某事”。句意：到达阳光州(指佛罗里达州)相当疲劳，但我还是成功地搭乘出租车到达了我的住处并安顿了下来。
4．A.hospital B．company
C．university D．accommodation
解析：选D。根据上文，作者是应邀来出席作者会，自然settle in的不是company或者university，更不可能是hospital，而是accommodation(住处)。下文“At the end of the day，she ______to take me back to my accommodation.”中的accommodation也是提示。故选D项。
5．A.colleague B．passenger
C．suitcase D．taxi
解析：选D。外出自然是搭乘“出租车”，本句的another taxi是承接上句的a taxi。故选D项。如果选择其他选项，则another出现得太突然，因为上文没有提及这些人或物。句意：第二天上午，我坐另一辆出租车到购物中心买了一些纪念品。
6．A.Instead B．First
C．Later D．Once
解析：选C。instead“相反”，否定前者，肯定后者；first“首先”，表示顺序；later“之后，随后”，表示时间；once“一旦”，表示时间或条件。根据语境，作者是在购物中心买了一些纪念品之后去一家咖啡屋吃午餐，两件事情都做了，可排除A项。went to a café to have lunch不属于buy a few souvenirs，不存在使用first来表示顺序或列举的情况；once用作副词，意为“一次，从前”，讲不通；用作连词，则与but矛盾。故选C项。
7．A.classified B．occupied
C．decorated D．painted
解析：选B。句意：随后我来到一家咖啡屋吃午餐，但桌子全______。classify分类；occupy占用；decorate装饰；paint油漆。根据but(表转折关系)可推知，咖啡屋的桌子是“坐满”(occupied)了。故选B项。
8．A.share B．reserve
C．set D．possess
解析：选A。句意：这时，我听到一个友好的声音说：“你可以和我______一张桌子。”根据下段首句中的“sat down with the ______ lady and we had a happy lunch together”可知，作者是和对方“分享、共用”(share)一张桌子。故选A项。
9．A.old B．poor
C．innocent D．stubborn
解析：选A。根据本段第五句中“I’m retired”可知，这位女士是个退休人员，故选A项。其他选项均没有依据。句意：我怀着感激的心情跟这位上了年纪的(old)女士坐在一桌，我们一起快乐地用了午餐。
10．A.journey B．meal
C．speech D．interview
解析：选B。根据上文两次出现的lunch可知，他们是坐在同一张桌子上吃饭。此处使用meal指代lunch。句意：午餐接近吃完的时候，她问我将在奥兰多待多长时间。故选B项。
11．A.donated B．repaired
C．hired D．guided
解析：选C。句意：我已经告诉她我没有租用小汽车，也没有意识到搭出租车会是多么昂贵。作者来此地开会和旅游，出行自然需要“租用”(hired)小汽车。故选C项。
12．A.convenient B．worthwhile
C．unfortunate D．expensive
解析：选D。根据下文这位退休的老太太主动提出自己开车接送作者可见，搭乘出租车太“昂贵”(expensive)。故选D项。
13．A.inspire B．entertain
C．call D．drive
解析：选D。根据上文“My dear，don’t use any more taxis.”可知，这位退休的老太太提出自己开车接送作者。故选D项。
14．A.business B．argument
C．trouble D．challenge
解析：选C。put sb.to the trouble of doing sth.为固定结构，意为“给某人带去做某事的麻烦”。此处that trouble指上句提到的drive you wherever you wish。故选C项。
15．A.working B．staying
C．moving D．shopping
解析：选B。老太太提出自己开车接送作者，自然要问清楚其住处。故选B项。
16．A.appointed B．limited
C．favourite D．regular
解析：选A。老太太提出自己开车接送作者，自然会和作者约定第二天接送的时间和地点。at the appointed time在约定的时间。故选A项。句意：第二天早上，她在“约定的”(appointed)时间来到我住的公寓等我。
17．A.digest B．explore
C．perform D．calculate
解析：选B。digest消化，领悟；explore探索，探寻；perform表演，履行，表现；calculate计算，推算。根据语境，老太太把作者送到迪斯尼乐园后，先陪游了一会儿，然后离去，让作者独自游玩，傍晚时分再来接作者。旅游属于“探索”，即在旅游过程中去发现迪斯尼的一些奥秘，故选B项。
18．A.forgot B．refused
C．returned D．preferred
解析：选C。根据上句“She spent some time with me before leaving me to ______ alone.”可知，老太太中途离去了。所以，At the end of the day她再次“返回”(returned)来接作者回住处。故选C项。
19．A.sent B．lent
C．offered D．owed
解析：选C。老太太开车接送作者，作者自然要付费，而不是“借给她钱”或“欠钱”，B、D两项均可排除。根据“but she refused to take any”可知，也不是sent，而是当时主动(offered)支付车费。故选C项。
20．A.confidence B．dignity
C．curiosity D．kindness
解析：选D。老太太帮助作者，这是kindness(善意)，而不是confidence(信心)、dignity(尊严)或curiosity(好奇心)。故选D项。句意：我将决不会忘记这位好心的女士，她通过自己的善意让我在佛罗里达的短暂假期充满了美好的回忆。
课时作业1 (B卷)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Last month my family，my husband and I visited the zoo in Tulsa，Oklahoma.I was afraid I just couldn’t hide my excitement as it had been five years since I had been to the zoo.I was especially excited about getting to see the penguin exhibit that had been completed since my last visit.I thought it would be just as magical as it was the last time.
The Tulsa Zoo is located on Mohawk Park，and covers 84 acres，making it the third largest zoo in the US.The zoo has several highlights，but I have to admit that I found myself rather disappointed.The maintenance is deeply lacking，and most of the exhibits，landscaping，etc.looked like it had not been updated or well kept.Unfortunately，their polar bear died a short time ago.The strangest attraction was the missing-in-action jaguar(美洲虎)．We spent several minutes searching for the animal without any luck.In most cases the zoo was good about putting up a sign whether the animal was no longer there or was moved to a different location，but it was a different case with the jaguar and likewise the kangaroo.
Almost all of the hands-on equipment in the elephant encounter was broken and no longer working.Although the zoo did put up signs as an apology，it continued to add to the feeling that the zoo is approaching death.The one exhibit that did not fail to impress were the African Penguins.Their habitat was well built.The lion，bear，and tiger were also easy to watch.A favorite among the kids was clearly the monkeys who were very active and eager to put on a show.
The Tropical Rainforest did a very good job creating a special atmosphere.The cafe served very good food and had lovely indoor and outdoor areas for eating.They are currently re-designing the Sea Lion exhibit，so the Sea Lions were not available for viewing while we were there.All things considered，the Tulsa Zoo is still the best zoo in our area，but I would only award it three out of five stars.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了作者参观自己所在地区的一流动物园的经历及感受。
1．Seeing several highlights in the Tulsa Zoo，the author ________．
A．felt very excited
B．was a little frightened
C．was not satisfied with them
D．thought it was worth seeing
解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The zoo has several highlights，but I have to admit that I found myself rather disappointed.”可知，答案为C项。
2．Why did the author think it was a different case with the jaguar?
A．Because the jaguar was friendly to the kangaroo and visitors.
B．Because the zoo didn’t use a sign to show if the jaguar was there.
C．Because the jaguar is very dangerous compared with other animals.
D．Because the jaguar had disappeared when the author got there.
解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In most cases the zoo was good about putting up a sign whether the animal was no longer there or was moved to a different location...”可知，答案为B项。
3．What can be concluded from this passage?
A．The Tulsa Zoo will be expanded to become the largest zoo in the US.
B．The author intended to visit the Sea Lion exhibit before going there.
C．The author felt that the Tulsa Zoo will close soon.
D．The Tulsa Zoo was very popular when the author was young.
解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Although the zoo did put up signs as an apology，it continued to add to the feeling that the zoo is approaching death.”可推断，答案为C项。
4．What does the author think of the Tulsa Zoo in general?
A．She thinks nothing of it.
B．It is the best zoo in the US.
C．She thinks very poorly of it.
D．It is a first class zoo in her area.
解析：选D。观点态度题。根据末段中的“All things considered，the Tulsa Zoo is still the best zoo in our area...”可知，答案为D项。
B
Boxing Day is on December 26th，the day after Christmas，and is celebrated in Great Britain and in most areas settled by the British except for the United States of America，including Canada，Australia，and New Zealand.
Despite(尽管)its name，Boxing Day has nothing to do with competition sports.While the exact origins of the holiday are unclear，it is likely that Boxing Day began in England during the Middle Ages.Some historians say the holiday developed because servants(仆人)were asked to work on Christmas Day，but took the following day off.As servants prepared to leave to visit their families，their employers(雇主)would present them with gift boxes.Another theory is that the Alms boxes in churches were opened and the money was given to the poor on December 26th.Still some believe that，centuries ago，on the day after Christmas，members of the merchant(商业)class would give boxes containing food and fruit，clothing，and money to businessmen and servants.The gifts were an expression of thankfulness，much like today when people receive bonuses(奖金)from their employers because of a well-done job.These gifts，given in boxes，gave the holiday its name，“Boxing Day”．
Traditionally，Boxing Day is a day when families get together.It is a day of watching sports games with family.In the past，hunting was one of the favorite activities on this day.People usually went hunting for wrens or foxes.Today，Boxing Day is spent with family and friends with lots of food and sharing of friendship and love.Government buildings and small businesses are closed but the malls are open.Shopping is a popular Boxing Day activity，and the malls are usually filled with bargains.Besides these activities，many businesses，organizations，and families try to keep the traditional spirit of Boxing Day alive by donating their time，services，and money to aid Food Banks，providing gifts for the poor，or helping an individual family that is in need.Boxing Day has mainly become an extension of the Christmas holiday，giving working families one more day as the happy time of a year.
【解题导语】 本文介绍了节礼日的由来。以及节礼日期间的活动。
5．On Boxing Day servants probably ________．
A．took part in competition sports
B．still had to work for employers
C．were allowed to visit their families
D．were given Alms boxes by employers
解析：选C。细节理解题。由第二段第三、四两句可知，仆人在圣诞节这一天要工作，而第二天(Boxing Day)可以休假去探望亲人。故C项正确。
6．Members of the merchant class gave gift boxes to businessmen and servants to ________．
A．show care and kindness to them
B．thank them for doing a good job
C．provide them with enough money
D．pass on the traditional love and spirit
解析：选B。细节理解题。由第二段倒数第二、三句可知，商业会员在节礼日送给商人和仆人礼物是为了感谢他们出色的工作。
7．What does the third paragraph mainly discuss?
A．The beginning of Boxing Day.
B．The hunting on Boxing Day.
C．The good spirit of Boxing Day.
D．The activities on Boxing Day.
解析：选D。段落大意题。第三段主要谈论的是在节礼日人们从事的种种活动。故D项符合文意。
8．Why is shopping popular on Boxing Day?
A．Because it is a kind of traditional activity.
B．Because only malls are open on that day.
C．Because things can be bought at a low price.
D．Because people buy things to donate to the poor.
解析：选C。细节理解题。由第三段第七句可知，节礼日那天购物商场出售廉价物。故C项正确。
Ⅱ.七选五
In the world nothing is more important than health.If people took away our money，houses，cars，or even our clothes，we could still survive.1.________ Then how can we keep healthy?
First of all, we should eat healthily.I usually avoid eating food high in fat, like French fries or cookies, which are junk food.2.________ I only eat little meat.3.________ It helps us build a strong body.Regular exercise is an important part of keeping me healthy.In addition, I think friends are an important part of one’s health.4.________ I always feel better when I am with friends than when I am alone.When I am with my friends, I always laugh.Laughing is also an important part of health.It is good to stay with my friends.
By eating properly and exercising regularly, I can keep my body at a proper weight and keep healthy.By spending time with my friends, I can keep my mind as well as my body happy.These things sound easy to do, but not many people can manage them.5.________
A．What’s more, taking exercise is very important.
B．Some people appear fat because they often eat too much.
C．I think a strong will is necessary if we want to keep fit.
D．I eat a lot of vegetables and fresh fruits which are full of vitamins.
E．There are some people who like staying alone, but they keep healthy.
F．But if our health were taken away, we could surely die.
G．Many studies show that people with few friends often get sick.
答案：1～5.FDAGC
课件56张PPT。Section Ⅱ Lesson 2 & Lesson 3Unit 7 The seaⅠ.重点单词
1．____________ make (air，water，soil，etc.) dangerously impure or unfit for use
2．____________ forbid sth.officially，especially by law
3．____________ deal with；treat，behave towards
4．____________ action or way of finding an answer to a problem，difficulty，etc.
5．____________ mental ability；power of learning，understanding and reasoningpolluteban handle solution intelligence 6．____________ full of energy；very active
7．____________ act of discovering；discovering or being discovered
8．____________ the action or power of attracting
9．____________ amount of money taken off the cost of sth.
10．____________ find the size，quantity，extent，degree，etc.of (sth.)
11．____________ measurement or extent from end to end
energeticdiscoveryattraction discount measure lengthⅡ.重点短语
1．deal____________ 处理
2．be____________for 对……负责
3．____________a living 谋生
4．____________two hours 每两小时
5．watch____________ 注意
6．on (the)____________hand... 一方面……
on the____________hand... 另一方面……
7．communicate____________sb. 与某人交流/交际
8．be similar____________ 与……相似withresponsiblemake everyoutoneotherwith toⅠ.Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．What kind of reading is the text?_____
A．A letter. B．A report.
C．An advertisement. D．A story.
2.To say “Watch out！” in the text named “Prettiest Fish” the writer intends to________．
A．warn the visitors of the dangerous fish
B．ask people to watch fish with a light
C．suggest the fish is the prettiest of all
D．persuade visitors to leave for other placesCA3．The newest attraction of the park is ________．
A．Tiniest Fish
B．Polar World
C．Discovery Pool
D．Virtual Reality Voyage
4．How many sections of the sea park have been mentioned in this text?_____
A．9. B．5.
C．8. D．7.DBrealfriendlythethat intelligent strangest to attract as smaller dangerous1. remind vt.使……想起；提醒
(教材P10)If you miss some information，write a question mark to remind you to listen especially carefully the second time. 如果你错过了一些信息，打上问号以提醒你第二次特别仔细地听。
remind sb.to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
remind sb.that... 使某人想起……
remind sb.of sth./sb. 使某人想起某事/某人①Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow.
请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。
②It ______________________ I must order some more butter.
这使我想起我得多订购些黄油。
③Ahmed reminded me of the abundant kindness in the world.艾哈迈德使我想起世界上有许多的善心。reminds me that 2. altogether adv.完全；总共；总而言之
(教材P11)Some fish may disappear altogether.
有些鱼类可能彻底消失。
①The noise has altogether stopped.
吵闹声完全停止了。
②The school bought 100 computers ________________．
学校共买了100台电脑。
③Altogether，the attempt was a success.
总体而言，这次尝试是成功的。altogether作“总共”解时,altogether与副词短语all together意思接近,可用于修饰可数或不可数名词；但all together还可以表示“一道，一起”，此时,不能用altogether代替all together。
【活用】——用altogether或all together填空
I was (1)____________ in favor of your plan that we went to Mount Tai (2)____________．altogetherall together3. responsible adj.负责任的
(教材P11)．..often it’s quite difficult to find who’s responsible for pollution.
……经常很难找到谁应对污染负责。
sb.＋be responsible for sb./sth. 某人对某人/某事负责/有职责
sth.be responsible for sth. 某事成为某事的
原因或根源/引
起某事
sb.＋be responsible to sb. 某人对某人负责①The pilot of the plane is responsible for the passengers’ safety.飞行员应对旅客的安全负责。
②If any of the children got hurt，I should feel responsible.要是哪个孩子受了伤，我会觉得自己负有责任。
③When he loses his temper，he ______________________ his actions.他发脾气时，不顾自己行为的后果。isn’t responsible for4. present vt.讲演；演示；赠送；颁发；出席；到场
(教材P11)How will you present your project?
你将如何展示你的计划？
(1)present sth.to sh. 把某物呈递或赠给某人
present sb.with sth. 赠送或颁发某物给某人
(2)present n. 现在，目前；礼物，赠品
for the present 就目前而言；暂时
at present＝at the present time 现在，目前
up to the present 直到现在(3)present adj. 出席的，在场的；现在的，目前的
①Please print out all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium.
请打印出你购买的所有票，在墨尔本海洋生物水族馆前门入口出示。
②On his retirement，colleagues ____________________ a set of golf clubs.
在他退休之际，同事们赠给他一套高尔夫球杆。
③We do not have any further information at the present time.目前我们没有进一步的消息。
[温馨提示] present作为形容词，作“在场的，出席的”讲时放在被修饰词的后面；而作为“现在的，目前的”讲时放在被修饰词的前面。presented him with5. attract vt.吸引，招引；有吸引力
(教材P12)Some fish attract other fish with a light on their body—and then eat them！ 有些鱼用它们身上的光来吸引其他的鱼，然后吃掉它们！
(1)attract one’s attention 引起某人的注意
attract sb.to... 把某人吸引到……
be attracted by 被……所吸引
(2)attractive adj. 吸引人的
be attractive to 对……有吸引力
(3)attraction n. 吸引人的地方
tourist attraction 旅游胜地 ①Better road conditions have also attracted more drivers.
更好的路况也已经吸引了更多的司机。
②He ______________________ her beauty.
他被她的美貌所吸引。
③It is natural for people to be attracted to beautiful things.人被美丽的事物所吸引是很自然的事情。
④Natural scenery has always been ______________________ for tourists.自然风光始终吸引着游客。
⑤Ice-cream is attractive to children.
冰淇淋对孩子们非常有吸引力。was attracted byattraction 【活用】——用attract的相关词语完成句子
The scenery is so (1)____________that it (2)____________many tourists’attention every year，and it will keep on holding much (3)____________for more travellers.
attractiveattractsattraction6. trick n．戏法；窍门 vt.欺骗，戏弄
(教材P13)I think it’s cruel to make them do tricks.
我认为让它们表演戏法太残酷了。
(1)play tricks/a trick on sb. 戏弄某人
(2)trick sb.out of sth. 从某人处骗取某物
trick sb.into doing sth. 哄骗某人干某事 ①Don’t egg him on to play a trick on others.
不要怂恿他捉弄别人。
②Her partner tried to ______________________ her share.
她的合伙人企图骗走她的股份。
③The merchant tricked him into buying the fake gold.
商人欺骗他买了假的金子。
④Could you tell me the trick of making such tasty cakes？你能告诉我制作那么美味的蛋糕的窍门吗？trick her out of7. measure v．(长度、数量)为；测量；打量；估量
n．[U]尺寸；量度 [C]措施；法规
(教材P13)An average fish like this measures 90 centimetres in length...
像这样的鱼平均90厘米长……
make sth.to sb’s measure 照某人的尺寸做某物
take one’s measure/take the measure of
给……量尺寸
to one’s measure 按照某人的尺寸
take measures 采取措施(多用复数) ①The policeman measured the situation of the accident and decided to send the driver away.
警察估量了一下事故的情况，决定把那个司机打发走。
②Our government ______________________ to make the housing price go down.政府正在采取措施降低房价。
③Clothes made to his own measure make him look smart.按他自己的尺寸做的衣服让他看起来很精神。
[温馨提示] 当measure表示“量起来有……长/宽/高”时是不及物动词，此种情况下不用被动语态，像这样的词还有weigh等。is taking measures ④The room ______________________10 metres across.
这房间宽10米。
⑤The box weighs 20 kg.这个箱子重20公斤。
measures 8. ban vt.禁止(banned；banned；banning)
n．禁令；禁止
(教材P115)In the worst areas they ban fishing completely for a few months at a time so that the fish numbers can grow again. 在最差的区域他们每次几个月全面禁止捕鱼，从而使鱼的数量能再次增加。
(1)ban sb.(from sth./from doing sth.) 禁止某人(做某事)
ban on/against... 禁止……
(2)put a ban on... 禁止……
remove/lift the ban on... 解除对……的禁令?①Parents ban me from going out alone in the night.
父母禁止我晚上独自外出。
②Everybody is banned from putting up notices randomly.
谁也不许胡乱张贴布告。
③The government ___________________________ the use of chemical weapons.政府已经禁止使用化学武器。has banned/has put a ban on[易混辨析] prohibit，forbid，ban
9. deal with 应付，处理；对待
(教材P10)How can we deal with this problem?
我们如何处理这个问题？
①Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with, the world is a safer and healthier place.
尽管一些严重的问题仍然存在，需要处理，但是世界已是一个更安全更健康的地方。
②Be careful.She is very difficult _____________________．
可得当心，她很难对付。to deal with[易混辨析] deal with，do with
③I don’t know how they dealt with the problem.
＝I don’t know _________ they _____________ the problem.
我不知道他们是怎么处理那个问题的。
what did with10. make a living 谋生
(教材P11)They also try to help people to get other kinds of jobs so there are less people trying to make a living from fishing. 他们也尝试帮渔民们得到其他类型的工作，这样以捕鱼为生的人会少一些。
①Without having received education one can earn one’s living all the same.
一个人尽管没有文化，照样能谋生。
②My parents are retired and now ___________________．
我的父母都退休了，现在过着安逸舒适的生活。
③It is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple life despite his great wealth.
尽管卢卡斯先生有大量的财富，但是他过着简朴的生活，这真是让人难以置信。live an easy life11. watch out 注意
(教材P12)They have a huge mouth and can eat fish as big as themselves.Watch out！ 它们的嘴很大，可以吞下与它们自身一样大的鱼。当心！
watch it＝watch out 当心
watch out for 小心提防，密切注意
look out (for) 当心
watch over 照看；看守 ①Watch out！There’s some broken glass on the floor.
当心，地板上有一些碎玻璃。
②______________________ cars when you cross the road.
过马路时当心车辆！
③If you don’t look out，you will come to grief.
你若不当心，你会倒霉的。
④Will you ______________________ my bag while I do some shopping？我去购物时，你帮我看一下包好吗？
[温馨提示] watch out后不能直接加名词作宾语，watch out for后可以直接加名词作宾语。Watch out forwatch over 【活用】——用watch相关短语完成小片段
(1)____________！There is a fierce dog (2)________________ the gate.If you want to go through the gate, you must (3)________________ it.
当心，有一条烈狗在看门。如果你想通过那个门，你要当心那条狗。
Watch out watching over watch out for12. on the one hand...on the other hand...
一方面……另一方面……(相当于for one thing...for another thing...)
(教材P13)“On the one hand,we loved most of the attractions, especially the one for the children.On the other hand，I
didn’t think that the café was as good as it should
be.” “一方面，我们喜欢大部分吸引人的区域，尤其是儿童专区；另一方面，我认为餐厅还可以更好。”
[易混辨析] on the other hand，on the contrary
①On the one hand I admire his gift，but on the other hand I distrust his judgement.一方面我钦佩他的天赋，但另一方面我不信服他的判断。
②_________________,it fills me with strength and courage.
相反，它让我充满了力量和勇气。
③Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence.On the other hand, it could just put you in debt.
开始你自己的事业可能是一种获得经济独立的方法。另一方面，它可能将你置于债务之中。On the contraryⅠ.词汇自测
1．The more he worked，the more____________(有活力
的)he became.
2．They are so well____________(受教育的)that they have been assigned in a very important position.
3．Up till now no____________(有效的)medicine can cure cancer.
4．Now young people are so____________(现实的)that they never do things before decision.
5．Mary is a girl of high____________(智力)．energetic educated effectiverealisticintelligence6．This is a____________(最新的)map.
7．What____________(吸引)me most to the job was the chance to travel.
8．Will I get a________________(折扣)if I buy a whole case of wine?
9．Here is the dress that the tailor made to her____________(尺寸)．
10．The____________(发现)that her assistant had lied made Patty decide to fire him.up-to-dateattracteddiscount measure discoveryⅡ.选词填空
?
1．I advised them to________________for slick spots on the sidewalk.
2．________________，I am your manager，and on the other hand，I am also your friend.
3．He leaves his office job to try to________________on the land.
4．I have a matter of importance to________________．
5．You can’t both use the bike at once，you’ll have to________________．watch out On the one handmake a livingdeal withtake turns1. (教材P11)Well，they’re animals of high intelligence and they can communicate.
哦，它们(海豚)是高智商的动物，能够进行交流。
[句法分析]
句中的of high intelligence作后置定语，修饰animals，用以
说明animals的性质、特征(注意：此处的of结构不是名词所
有格)。
“(be) of＋名词”结构表示人或事物所具有的性质、特征或所属。①Machines are of different types and sizes.
机器有不同的型号和规格。
②Speaking loudly is ______________________ to beginners of English.大声说对英语初学者很重要。
of great importance2. (教材P11)Ok，I’m going to make a project book with lots of pictures in it.
好，我将做一份有许多示意图的计划书。
[句法分析]
句中的“with lots of pictures in it”是“with＋n.＋介词短语”结构，在句中作定语。①He likes to go to sleep with the window open.
他喜欢开着窗子睡觉。
②Jack left the classroom ______________________．
杰克离开了教室，灯还亮着。
③I can’t focus my attention on my study with the boys shouting.男孩子们大喊大叫，我不能集中注意力学习。with the lights on
④In his black and blue suit and _______________________
_______________________________on his back, Larry dived from boats into the middle of the ocean.穿上黑蓝色衣服，氧气瓶固定在背上，Larry从船上潜入到大海中去。
⑤The manager was very worried with so many problems to settle.有这么多问题要解决，经理很忧心。
fastenedwith an oxygen tank3. (教材P12)See these and many more！Special discount before the 22nd so the sooner the better！We’re open every day from 10：00 till 19：00.
快来参观吧，还有好多生物呢！22日前特价，越早越好！每天早上10点开门，晚上7点关门。
[句法分析]
the more...，the more...表示“越……，就越……”，是一个复合句，其中前面的句子是状语从句，后面的句子是主句。
①The more he explains，the more I am puzzled.
他越解释，我就越糊涂。
②___________________ you sell，___________________you will get.你卖的票越多，挣的钱就越多。The more ticketsthe more money
[温馨提示] (1)此句型中，若主句用一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。
(2)这种句型的特点是前后都可以有所省略。特别是谚语、俗语，只要意义明确，越简练越好。
The more，the better.多多益善。
The sooner，the better.越快越好。
(3)这种句型中的比较部分通常是状语、宾语、表语，也可以是主语。Ⅰ.完成句子
1．由于有许多工作要做，他很焦急。
________________________，he was very anxious.
2．由于天气暖和，我们都想去散散步。
________________________，we all like to go out for a walk.
3．这两个男孩一样大。
The two boys are________________．
With a lot of work to doWith the weather warmof an age4．这些花的颜色各异。
These flowers are_______________________________________.
5．你请求越柔婉，请求就变得越客气。
______________you soften a request，________________it becomes.
of different colorsThe morethe more politeⅡ.句型转换
1．The murderer was brought in and his hands were tied behind his back.
→The murderer was brought in, with ______________________________________________．
2．Because he has no one to talk to, John felt miserable.
→With _____________________， John felt miserable.
3．The work I am doing is not much valuable.
→The work I am doing ____________________．
his hands tied behind his back no one to talk tois not of much value4．They are great helpful to learners of English.
→They ____________________ to learners of English.
5．Read more books, and you’ll get more knowledge.
→______________ you read, ____________knowledge you will get.
are of great helpThe morethe more本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
Section Ⅱ Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．____________ make (air，water，soil，etc.) dangerously impure or unfit for use
2．____________ forbid sth.officially，especially by law
3．____________ deal with；treat，behave towards
4．____________ action or way of finding an answer to a problem，difficulty，etc.
5．____________ mental ability；power of learning，understanding and reasoning
6．____________ full of energy；very active
7．____________ act of discovering；discovering or being discovered
8．____________ the action or power of attracting
9．____________ amount of money taken off the cost of sth.
10．____________ find the size，quantity，extent，degree，etc.of (sth.)
11．____________ measurement or extent from end to end
答案：1.pollute 2.ban 3.handle 4.solution 5.intelligence 6.energetic 7.discovery 8.attraction 9.discount 10.measure 11.length
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．deal____________ 处理
2．be____________for 对……负责
3．____________a living 谋生
4．____________two hours 每两小时
5．watch____________ 注意
6．on (the)____________hand... 一方面……
on the____________hand... 另一方面……
7．communicate____________sb. 与某人交流/交际
8．be similar____________ 与……相似
答案：1.with 2.responsible 3.make 4.every 5．out 6.one；other 7.with 8.to
Ⅰ.Read the text carefully and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．What kind of reading is the text?
A．A letter. B．A report.
C．An advertisement. D．A story.
2．To say “Watch out！” in the text named “Prettiest Fish” the writer intends to________．
A．warn the visitors of the dangerous fish
B．ask people to watch fish with a light
C．suggest the fish is the prettiest of all
D．persuade visitors to leave for other places
3．The newest attraction of the park is ________．
A．Tiniest Fish
B．Polar World
C．Discovery Pool
D．Virtual Reality Voyage
4．How many sections of the sea park have been mentioned in this text?
A．9. B．5.
C．8. D．7.
答案：1～4.CADB
Ⅱ.Fill in the blanks according to the text.
Welcome to Underwater World.You can watch the polar bears，a 1.____________(really) iceberg，acrobatic seals and meet the 2.____________(friend) penguins in the “Polar World”．If you go to the “Ocean Floor”，you can see 3.____________ most beautiful coral and the most unusual fish 4.____________ appear to “fly” through the water.In the “Sea Theatre”，you can see our 5.____________(intelligence) dolphins.And in the “Discovery Pool”，younger children can touch crabs and other smaller creatures.And on the “Virtual Reality Voyage”，you can enjoy some of the 6.____________(strange) fish in the world.You can see the prettiest fish that use a light on their body 7.____________(attract) other fish，the noisiest fish that can produce sounds almost twice as loud 8.____________ your speaking voice and the tiniest fish that is 9.____________(small) than a fly.Here you can also swim with dolphins and face an attack by the most 10.____________(danger) creature in the sea—the great white shark.
答案：1.real 2.friendly 3.the 4.that 5.intelligent 6.strangest 7.to attract 8.as 9.smaller 10.dangerous
, [学生用书P14])
remind vt.使……想起；提醒
(教材P10)If you miss some information，write a question mark to remind you to listen especially carefully the second time. 如果你错过了一些信息，打上问号以提醒你第二次特别仔细地听。
remind sb.to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
remind sb.that... 使某人想起……
remind sb.of sth./sb. 使某人想起某事/某人
①Please remind me to write to my mother tomorrow.
请提醒我明天给我母亲写信。
②It reminds_me_that I must order some more butter.
这使我想起我得多订购些黄油。
③Ahmed reminded me of the abundant kindness in the world.艾哈迈德使我想起世界上有许多的善心。
altogether adv.完全；总共；总而言之
(教材P11)Some fish may disappear altogether.
有些鱼类可能彻底消失。
①The noise has altogether stopped.
吵闹声完全停止了。
②The school bought 100 computers altogether．
学校共买了100台电脑。
③Altogether，the attempt was a success.
总体而言，这次尝试是成功的。
作“总共”解时，altogether与副词短语all together意思接近，可用于修饰可数或不可数名词；但all together还可以表示“一道，一起”，此时，不能用altogether代替all together。
【活用】——用altogether或all together填空
I was (1)____________ in favor of your plan that we went to Mount Tai (2)____________．
答案：(1)altogether (2)all together
responsible adj.负责任的
(教材P11)．..often it’s quite difficult to find who’s responsible for pollution.
……经常很难找到谁应对污染负责。
sb.＋be responsible for sb./sth. 某人对某人/某事负责/有职责
sth.be responsible for sth. 某事成为某事的
原因或根源/引
起某事
sb.＋be responsible to sb. 某人对某人负责
①The pilot of the plane is responsible for the passengers’ safety.飞行员应对旅客的安全负责。
②If any of the children got hurt，I should feel responsible.要是哪个孩子受了伤，我会觉得自己负有责任。
③When he loses his temper，he isn’t_responsible_for his actions.他发脾气时，不顾自己行为的后果。
present vt.讲演；演示；赠送；颁发；出席；到场
(教材P11)How will you present your project?
你将如何展示你的计划？
（1）present sth.to sh. 把某物呈递或赠给某人
present sb.with sth. 赠送或颁发某物给某人
（2）present n. 现在，目前；礼物，赠品
for the present 就目前而言；暂时
at present＝at the present time
现在，目前
up to the present 直到现在
（3）present adj. 出席的，在场的；现在的，目前的
助记
n.现在v.讲演，演示 v.赠送
adj.在场的，现在的) n.礼物
①Please print out all tickets purchased and present at the front entrance of Sea Life Melbourne Aquarium.
请打印出你购买的所有票，在墨尔本海洋生物水族馆前门入口出示。
②On his retirement，colleagues presented_him_with a set of golf clubs.
在他退休之际，同事们赠给他一套高尔夫球杆。
③We do not have any further information at the present time.目前我们没有进一步的消息。
[温馨提示] present作为形容词，作“在场的，出席的”讲时放在被修饰词的后面；而作为“现在的，目前的”讲时放在被修饰词的前面。
attract vt.吸引，招引；有吸引力
(教材P12)Some fish attract other fish with a light on their body—and then eat them！ 有些鱼用它们身上的光来吸引其他的鱼，然后吃掉它们！
(1)attract one’s attention 引起某人的注意
attract sb.to... 把某人吸引到……
be attracted by 被……所吸引
(2)attractive adj. 吸引人的
be attractive to 对……有吸引力
(3)attraction n. 吸引人的地方
tourist attraction 旅游胜地
①Better road conditions have also attracted more drivers.
更好的路况也已经吸引了更多的司机。
②He was_attracted_by her beauty.
他被她的美貌所吸引。
③It is natural for people to be attracted to beautiful things.人被美丽的事物所吸引是很自然的事情。
④Natural scenery has always been attraction for tourists.自然风光始终吸引着游客。
⑤Ice-cream is attractive to children.
冰淇淋对孩子们非常有吸引力。
【活用】——用attract的相关词语完成句子
The scenery is so (1)____________that it (2)____________many tourists’attention every year，and it will keep on holding much (3)____________for more travellers.
答案：(1)attractive (2)attracts (3)attraction
trick n．戏法；窍门 vt.欺骗，戏弄
(教材P13)I think it’s cruel to make them do tricks.
我认为让它们表演戏法太残酷了。
(1)play tricks/a trick on sb. 戏弄某人
(2)trick sb.out of sth. 从某人处骗取某物
trick sb.into doing sth. 哄骗某人干某事
①Don’t egg him on to play a trick on others.
不要怂恿他捉弄别人。
②Her partner tried to trick_her_out_of her share.
她的合伙人企图骗走她的股份。
③The merchant tricked him into buying the fake gold.
商人欺骗他买了假的金子。
④Could you tell me the trick of making such tasty cakes？你能告诉我制作那么美味的蛋糕的窍门吗？
measure v．(长度、数量)为；测量；打量；估量
n．[U]尺寸；量度 [C]措施；法规
(教材P13)An average fish like this measures 90 centimetres in length...
像这样的鱼平均90厘米长……
make sth.to sb’s measure 照某人的尺寸做某物
take one’s measure/take the measure of
给……量尺寸
to one’s measure 按照某人的尺寸
take measures 采取措施(多用复数)
①The policeman measured the situation of the accident and decided to send the driver away.
警察估量了一下事故的情况，决定把那个司机打发走。
②Our government is_taking_measures to make the housing price go down.政府正在采取措施降低房价。
③Clothes made to his own measure make him look smart.按他自己的尺寸做的衣服让他看起来很精神。
[温馨提示] 当measure表示“量起来有……长/宽/高”时是不及物动词，此种情况下不用被动语态，像这样的词还有weigh等。
④The room measures 10 metres across.
这房间宽10米。
⑤The box weighs 20 kg.这个箱子重20公斤。
ban vt.禁止(banned；banned；banning)
n．禁令；禁止
(教材P115)In the worst areas they ban fishing completely for a few months at a time so that the fish numbers can grow again. 在最差的区域他们每次几个月全面禁止捕鱼，从而使鱼的数量能再次增加。
(1)ban sb.(from sth./from doing sth.)
禁止某人(做某事)
ban on/against... 禁止……
(2)put a ban on... 禁止……
remove/lift the ban on... 解除对……的禁令
①Parents ban me from going out alone in the night.
父母禁止我晚上独自外出。
②Everybody is banned from putting up notices randomly.
谁也不许胡乱张贴布告。
③The government has_banned/has_put_a_ban_on the use of chemical weapons.政府已经禁止使用化学武器。
[易混辨析] prohibit，forbid，ban
prohibit
一般指通过法律、法令、警告等禁止某些事物。(正式用语)
prohibit sth.
/doing sth.
prohibit sb.
from doing sth.
forbid
其主语多半是与被禁止的人有直接或亲密关系的人，如父母、雇主等，含有“不许做某事”的意思。(普通用语)
forbid sb.
from doing sth.
ban
指官方或舆论对应受谴责或反对的事物下令加以禁止。(语气最重)
ban sb.from
doing sth.
deal with 应付，处理；对待
(教材P10)How can we deal with this problem?
我们如何处理这个问题？
①Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with, the world is a safer and healthier place.
尽管一些严重的问题仍然存在，需要处理，但是世界已是一个更安全更健康的地方。
②Be careful.She is very difficult to_deal_with．
可得当心，她很难对付。
[易混辨析] deal with，do with
do with与deal with都有“处理，应对”的意思。
deal with
deal with中的deal是不及物动词，常与连接(或疑问)副词how连用。
do with
do with中的do是及物动词，常与连接代词what连用。
③I don’t know how they dealt with the problem.
＝I don’t know what they did_with the problem.
我不知道他们是怎么处理那个问题的。
make a living 谋生
(教材P11)They also try to help people to get other kinds of jobs so there are less people trying to make a living from fishing. 他们也尝试帮渔民们得到其他类型的工作，这样以捕鱼为生的人会少一些。
谋生，挣钱维持生计
live/lead a．..life 过……的生活
①Without having received education one can earn one’s living all the same.
一个人尽管没有文化，照样能谋生。
②My parents are retired and now live_an_easy_life．
我的父母都退休了，现在过着安逸舒适的生活。
③It is unbelievable that Mr.Lucas leads a simple life despite his great wealth.
尽管卢卡斯先生有大量的财富，但是他过着简朴的生活，这真是让人难以置信。
watch out 注意
(教材P12)They have a huge mouth and can eat fish as big as themselves.Watch out！ 它们的嘴很大，可以吞下与它们自身一样大的鱼。当心！
watch it＝watch out 当心
watch out for 小心提防，密切注意
look out (for) 当心
watch over 照看；看守
①Watch out！There’s some broken glass on the floor.
当心，地板上有一些碎玻璃。
②Watch_out_for cars when you cross the road.
过马路时当心车辆！
③If you don’t look out，you will come to grief.
你若不当心，你会倒霉的。
④Will you watch_over my bag while I do some shopping？我去购物时，你帮我看一下包好吗？
[温馨提示] watch out后不能直接加名词作宾语，watch out for后可以直接加名词作宾语。
【活用】——用watch相关短语完成小片段
(1)____________！There is a fierce dog (2)____________ the gate.If you want to go through the gate, you must (3)________________ it.
当心，有一条烈狗在看门。如果你想通过那个门，你要当心那条狗。
答案：(1)Watch out (2)watching over (3)watch out for
on the one hand...on the other hand...
一方面……另一方面……(相当于for one thing...for another thing...)
(教材P13)“On the one hand，we loved most of the attractions，especially the one for the children.On the other hand，I didn’t think that the café was as good as it should be.” “一方面，我们喜欢大部分吸引人的区域，尤其是儿童专区；另一方面，我认为餐厅还可以更好。”
[易混辨析] on the other hand，on the contrary
on the other hand
用以说明问题的另一方面。
on the contrary
用来表示相反的意见。
①On the one hand I admire his gift，but on the other hand I distrust his judgement.一方面我钦佩他的天赋，但另一方面我不信服他的判断。
②On_the_contrary，it fills me with strength and courage.
相反，它让我充满了力量和勇气。
③Starting your own business could be a way to achieving financial independence.On the other hand, it could just put you in debt.
开始你自己的事业可能是一种获得经济独立的方法。另一方面，它可能将你置于债务之中。
Ⅰ.词汇自测
1．The more he worked，the more____________(有活力的)he became.
2．They are so well____________(受教育的)that they have been assigned in a very important position.
3．Up till now no____________(有效的)medicine can cure cancer.
4．Now young people are so____________(现实的)that they never do things before decision.
5．Mary is a girl of high____________(智力)．
6．This is a____________(最新的)map.
7．What____________(吸引)me most to the job was the chance to travel.
8．Will I get a____________(折扣)if I buy a whole case of wine?
9．Here is the dress that the tailor made to her____________(尺寸)．
10．The____________(发现)that her assistant had lied made Patty decide to fire him.
答案：1.energetic 2.educated 3.effective 4.realistic 5.intelligence 6.up-to-date 7.attracted 8.discount 9．measure 10.discovery
Ⅱ.选词填空
deal with；take turns；watch out；on the one hand；make a living
1．I advised them to________________for slick spots on the sidewalk.
2．________________，I am your manager，and on the other hand，I am also your friend.
3．He leaves his office job to try to________________on the land.
4．I have a matter of importance to________________．
5．You can’t both use the bike at once，you’ll have to________________．
答案：1.watch out 2.On the one hand 3.make a living 4.deal with 5.take turns
(教材P11)Well，they’re animals of high intelligence and they can communicate.
哦，它们(海豚)是高智商的动物，能够进行交流。
[句法分析]
句中的of high intelligence作后置定语，修饰animals，用以说明animals的性质、特征(注意：此处的of结构不是名词所有格)。
“(be) of＋名词”结构表示人或事物所具有的性质、特征或所属。
①Machines are of different types and sizes.
机器有不同的型号和规格。
②Speaking loudly is of_great_importance to beginners of English.大声说对英语初学者很重要。
(教材P11)Ok，I’m going to make a project book with lots of pictures in it.
好，我将做一份有许多示意图的计划书。
[句法分析]
句中的“with lots of pictures in it”是“with＋n.＋介词短语”结构，在句中作定语。
with的复合结构：
with＋宾语＋宾补
①He likes to go to sleep with the window open.
他喜欢开着窗子睡觉。
②Jack left the classroom with_the_lights_on．
杰克离开了教室，灯还亮着。
③I can’t focus my attention on my study with the boys shouting.男孩子们大喊大叫，我不能集中注意力学习。
④In his black and blue suit and with_an_oxygen_tank_fastened on his back, Larry dived from boats into the middle of the ocean.穿上黑蓝色衣服，氧气瓶固定在背上，Larry从船上潜入到大海中去。
⑤The manager was very worried with so many problems to settle.有这么多问题要解决，经理很忧心。
(教材P12)See these and many more！Special discount before the 22nd so the sooner the better！We’re open every day from 10：00 till 19：00.
快来参观吧，还有好多生物呢！22日前特价，越早越好！每天早上10点开门，晚上7点关门。
[句法分析]
the more...，the more...表示“越……，就越……”，是一个复合句，其中前面的句子是状语从句，后面的句子是主句。
①The more he explains，the more I am puzzled.
他越解释，我就越糊涂。
②The_more_tickets you sell，the_more_money you will get.你卖的票越多，挣的钱就越多。
[温馨提示] (1)此句型中，若主句用一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时表示将来。
(2)这种句型的特点是前后都可以有所省略。特别是谚语、俗语，只要意义明确，越简练越好。
The more，the better.多多益善。
The sooner，the better.越快越好。
(3)这种句型中的比较部分通常是状语、宾语、表语，也可以是主语。
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．由于有许多工作要做，他很焦急。
________________________，he was very anxious.
2．由于天气暖和，我们都想去散散步。
____________________，we all like to go out for a walk.
3．这两个男孩一样大。
The two boys are________________．
4．这些花的颜色各异。
These flowers are________________________________________________________________________.
5．你请求越柔婉，请求就变得越客气。
______________you soften a request，________________it becomes.
答案：1.With a lot of work to do 2.With the weather warm 3.of an age 4.of different colors 5.The more；the more polite
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．The murderer was brought in and his hands were tied behind his back.
→The murderer was brought in, with _______________________．
2．Because he has no one to talk to, John felt miserable.
→With ________________， John felt miserable.
3．The work I am doing is not much valuable.
→The work I am doing ____________________．
4．They are great helpful to learners of English.
→They ____________________ to learners of English.
5．Read more books, and you’ll get more knowledge.
→____________ you read, ____________knowledge you will get.
答案：1.his hands tied behind his back 2.no one to talk to 3．is not of much value 4.are of great help 5.The more；the more
课时作业2 (A卷)
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．The ____________(long) the war lasts, the more the people there will suffer.
2．With the day ____________(fine), we are going to swim.
3．The experience gained will be of great ____________(valuable) to us.
4．We have to watch out ____________ fast traffic along here.
5．How we make ____________ living helps determine how long we live.
6．Have you any concrete thoughts on ____________ to deal with this difficulty?
7．He ____________(measure) 30 inches round the waist.
8．The teacher banned him from ____________(talk) in class.
9．I continually have to remind him ____________ his responsibilities.
10．I wonder if modern life have any ____________(attract) for you?
答案：1.longer 2.being fine 3.value 4.for 5.a
6．how 7.measures 8.talking 9.of 10.attraction
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
In the old days，divers used to go down into the sea looking for ships that had sunk because they hoped to find gold and jewels.Now divers still search for valuable things in sunken ships，but they also try to bring to the surface the ships themselves，or parts of them.The value of different kinds of metals has increased greatly over the last twenty or thirty years and even though a ship has been under the sea for many years，it may be worth a great deal.
The “Andrea Doria” is a valuable ship lying on the seabed.It is an Italian passenger ship which sank in 1956 after a collision with a Swedish ship.The ship itself was worth at least $30，000，000 and in addition it was carrying over $4，800，000 and many other valuable things.There is one silver object which is worth over $1，200，000.But the ship is lying in deep water which is very dark and cold.As strong current also sweeps past the ship，so far divers have been unsuccessful.
1．The underlined word“current”in the second paragraph means________．
A．lots of money B．air
C．sea D．stream of water
解析：选D。词义猜测题。船只沉没海底，自然是强烈的“水流”流经船只，故选D项。
2．Divers try to bring up metal from sunken ships because________．
A．metal has been in the sea for a long time
B．some kinds of metal are worth a lot of money today
C．metal becomes better after it has been in the sea
D．it is easy to bring up metal
解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话“The value of different kinds of metals has increased greatly...，it may be worth a great deal.”可知B项正确。
3．The “Andrea Doria” sank because________．
A．it hit an Italian ship
B．it hit a Swedish ship
C．there was a strong current
D．the water was very deep
解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句话“It is an Italian passenger ship which sank in 1956 after a collision with a Swedish ship.”可知，该船是与瑞典船只相撞后沉没的。
4．Divers have tried to bring up things from the“Andrea Doria”because________．
A．the water is not very deep
B．it is lying on the seabed
C．it sank in a collision
D．the ship and the things in it are very valuable
解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二段第三、四两句话可知该船及其上面的物品都非常昂贵，故成为潜水者们争相打捞的对象。
B
Respect your teachers
First of all, students should respect the teachers.They should pay attention in the classes.That means to salute him, to stand from his chair when the teacher enters the classroom etc..Attend any lesson attentively.In class of a certain subject or teacher you don’t like very much, if it’s total anarchy(混乱), how can we talk about respect?
Play by the rules
If your teacher wants you to use wide-lined paper—do it! If she tells you to sharpen your pencils only before class starts, listen to her.If she doesn’t accept late homework, do yours on time.Sometimes classroom rules seem strict or even silly, but most teachers know what’s necessary to make things run smoothly, what it takes to let the learning begin.And the better the learning environment, the smarter you’ll be!
Expect her/him to like you
Teachers are teachers because they like kids.Given the chance, most teachers want to be your friends too.Respect your teacher, but don’t be afraid of her/him.She/He wants you to have a great school year just as much as you want to have!
Put first things first
Friends are a fun part of school.But they’re not the most important part.When your teacher is teaching, give her/him your full attention.Even when it’s hard to do—recess will come soon enough, and that’s the time for playing with your friends.
【解题导语】 本文主要给学生提出如何与老师相处的几点建议。
5．Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A．Advice Before You Go to School
B．What You Should Do at School
C．How to Get Along With Your Teacher
D．How to Plan Your Time at School
解析：选C。标题归纳题。本文主要给出学生与老师相处的几点建议，因此C正确。
6．What do you think the title of the second paragraph “Play by the rules” means?
A．Don’t play if you haven’t completed your homework.
B．Follow what the teacher says.
C．Work is work and play is play.
D．Make the learning environment as good as possible.
解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第二段中提到的“do it”“listen to her”“do yours on time”可知B正确。
7．According to the last paragraph, what do you think the first thing is?
A．The teacher.
B．The teacher’s lecture.
C．The students.
D．Friends.
解析：选B。根据最后一段提到的“When your teacher is teaching, give her/him your full attention.”可知B正确。
8．The underlined word “recess” in the last paragraph most probably means “________”．
A．break B．play
C．parents D．news
解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据后面的“and that’s the time for playing with your friends.”可知应该是表示“休息”。
课时作业2 (B卷)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Once many years ago，I pulled a family out of a burning car somewhere in Wyoming.Last week I received a telephone call from a woman who could not stop crying as she told me that one of my stories had saved her son from committing suicide.In closing she called me a hero.
That got me thinking about what a hero is.Was I a hero because I pulled a family out of a burning car? If so，how could I be a hero just because I wrote a story that saved someone’s life?
Today I decided to look up the word “hero” in the dictionary to see exactly what it meant.It read “a person who does something brave”．As I read on，it also said “a person who is good and noble”．
That statement impressed me more than the part about being brave.So I thought about something very important.Say I was walking into the local Wal-Mart Store and I happened to open，and hold the door for someone as a courtesy．As they passed me by，I said，“How are you today? ”Most of the time that would be no big deal，but this time let’s say it was for someone who was deeply depressed and near the end of the rope.That may have very well been the only kindness or courtesy shown to them in a very long time.
Having been near “the end of my rope”，after my marriage of twenty years ended，I was in such a condition.I was within hours trying to get enough courage to end the pain and misery.When I returned home，someone had sent me a card in the mail which told me how much they would appreciate me as a friend.That wonderful card probably saved my life.That person，without even knowing it，saved a life and became a hero.
Gee，who would have ever thought that anyone can become a hero，and possibly save a life just by being kind and courteous to others? The best part of all is that becoming a hero is free to all who wish to wear such an honor.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了作者通过一些具体事件后对“英雄”二字的理解。
1．Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
A．Why Should You Be A Hero?
B．What Exactly Is A Hero?
C．I Am A Hero
D．Everyone Is A Hero
解析：选B。标题归纳题。由第二段第一句“That got me thinking about what a hero is.”以及全篇均体现作者对于“英雄”概念的理解，可知选B。
2．From the first paragraph we know that ________．
A．the woman was just the one from the family I pulled out
B．one of my stories prevented the woman’s son from ending his life
C．the woman couldn’t help crying because I had saved her life
D．the writer was called a hero who had saved a family from an accident
解析：选B。细节理解题。妇女因为“我”“救了”她的儿子而向“我”道谢并称“我”为英雄。
3．The underlined word “courtesy” in Paragraph 4 means the behavior that is ________．
A．polite and respectful
B．brave and fearless
C．smart and considerate
D．cute and kind
解析：选A。词义猜测题。主动为别的顾客开门体现了一种很优雅的尊重，因此选A项。这是作者对于“英雄”行为的具体理解。
4．After the writer got divorced，________．
A．he devoted all his life to helping the poor
B．he led a very happy life
C．he led an extremely unhappy and uncomfortable life
D．he found much pleasure in supporting the homeless
解析：选C。细节理解题。由短文的第五段可知，作者结束了二十年的婚姻生活后，几乎处于崩溃的边缘。
Ⅱ.完形填空
My six-year-old granddaughter，who is called Caitlyn，stopped with me at a cake shop to buy some treats.As we were going out of the door，a young teenage boy was __1__in.
This young man had __2__ hair on the sides of his head and a patch (块)of blue hair on top of it.He had a nose ring，which was __3__ to a ring he was wearing in his ear by a __4__．He held a skateboard under one __5__ and a basketball under the other.
Caitlyn，who was walking ahead of me，__6__ when she saw the teen.I thought he’d __7__ her，and she’d frozen on the spot.I was __8__．My angel went back to the door and opened it as wide as it would go.Now I was __9__ with the young man.I stepped __10__ and let him pass.His __11__ was a polite one，“Thank you very much.”
On our way back home，I praised Caitlyn for her __12__ in holding open the door for the young man.She didn’t seem to be troubled by his __13__，but I wanted to __14__．Once we had spoken I realized it was me who needed to __15__ the way I had responded.
The __16__ thing Caitlyn noticed about the teen was the fact that his arms were __17__．He would have had a hard time __18__ the door.
I saw the partly shaved head，the strange __19__，the rings and the chain.She saw a person carrying something under each arm and heading towards a closed door.In future，I hope I am as__20__ as her and not so judgmental about others.
【解题导语】 作者及六岁的孙女去商店买完东西出来时，碰到了一位打扮非主流的青少年。作者本以为孙女受到惊吓而停下来，可实际上孙女是注意到他手上拿满东西而停下来为这名青少年开门。作者由此发出感慨，自己不该以貌取人而应该像孙女一样为他人着想。
1．A.looking B．rushing
C．breaking D．coming
解析：选D。考查动词辨析。根据前文“As we were going out of the door，”可以判断此时这位青少年正好要进来。选项A意为“看”；选项B意为“冲”；选项C意为“打坏”，故选择D意为“进来”。
2．A.much B．no
C．less D．more
解析：选B。考查形容词辨析。根据最后一段第一句话中的I saw the partly shaved head可知这位少年是半秃的脑袋，而下文a patch (块)of blue hair on top of it可知头顶是有头发的。由此可知少年两侧是没有头发的，故选择B。
3．A.joined B．added
C．attached D．belonged
解析：选C。考查动词辨析。语意为：他戴了一个鼻环，上面套着的链子连到他的耳环上。选项A意为“加入，参加”，不和to连用；选项B意为“增加”，和to连用，意为“被增加到……”；选项D意为“属于”，不用被动语态；选项C可构成短语：be attached to表示“喜爱，隶属于，连到……上去”，符合题意，故选C。
4．A.chain B．rope
C．jewel D．thread
解析：选A。考查名词辨析。根据上一题分析，以及最后一段the rings and the chain可知鼻环被用链子连到耳环上。选项A意为“链子”；选项B意为“绳索”；选项C意为“珠宝”；选项D意为“线，线状物”。故选A。
5．A.hand B．arm
C．foot D．leg
解析：选B。考查名词辨析。通过下文She saw a person carrying something under each arm and heading towards a closed door.可知作者的孙女为少年开门是因为少年手上都是满满的。可知句意：他一只胳膊夹着个滑板，另一只手上拿着个篮球。选项A意为“手”；选项B为“胳膊”；选项C为“脚”；选项D为“腿”。故选择B和under连用，意为：胳膊下。
6．A.cried B．ran
C．shouted D．stopped
解析：选D。考查动词辨析。通过下文she’d frozen on the spot可知，作者的孙女站在那儿没有动。选项A意为“哭”；选项B意为“跑”；选项C意为“大吼大叫”；选项D意为停了下来。故选D。
7．A.known B．recognized
C．frightened D．attracted
解析：选C。考查动词辨析。通过下文She didn’t seem to be troubled by his ______可知作者原以为孙女停下来是因为被少年的外表吓坏了。选项A意为“知道”；选项B意为“认出，识别出”；选项C意为“使惊吓”；选项D意为“吸引”。根据语意，选择C。
8．A.angry B．wrong
C．worried D．curious
解析：选B。考查形容词辨析。根据上文作者原以为孙女停下来是因为被少年的外表吓坏了，此时孙女却返回走向门，所以此时作者应该是猜错了。选项A意为“生气的”；B意为“错误的”；选项C意为“担忧的”；选项D意为“好奇的”。故选择B。
9．A.hand in hand B．neck and neck
C．side by side D．face to face
解析：选D。考查短语辨析。根据上文作者走在孙女的后面，后来孙女停下来为少年开门可知此时作者与少年为面对面的情形。选项A意为“手拉手”；选项B意为“旗鼓相当”；选项C意为“肩并肩”；选项D为“面对面”。故选择D。
10．A.back B．aside
C．over D．up
解析：选B。考查副词辨析。通过下文let him pass可知是让少年通过门，因此这句话意为：我走到一边。故选择B，构成短语 step aside，意为“走到一边，让开”。
11．A.response B．action
C．performance D．expression
解析：选A。考查名词辨析。根据下文Thank you very much.可知是少年的答复。选项A意为“回复”；选项B意为“行动”；选项C意为“表现”；选项D意为“表达”。故选择A。
12．A.way B．custom
C．manners D．interest
解析：选C。考查名词辨析。根据上文，作者孙女为他人开门，因此此句意为：我表扬了凯特琳为少年拉门的礼貌行为。选项A意为“方式，方法”；选项B意为“风俗”；选项C意为“礼貌”；选项D意为“兴趣爱好”。根据语意，选择C。
13．A.appearance B．character
C．hair D．rings
解析：选A。考查名词辨析。根据上文，作者原以为孙女会对这个少年的外貌感到大惊小怪。选项A意为“外表，外貌”；选项B意为“性格，汉字”等；选项C意为“头发”；选项D意为“耳环”。选项C和D都太片面，故选择A。
14．A.cheer up B．make sure
C．calm down D．hold on
解析：选B。考查动词短语辨析。通过上文作者觉得她的孙女似乎对少年的外貌不吃惊，但是她还是想确认一下。选项A意为“加油，振作起来”；选项B意为“确信”；选项C意为“镇定下来”；选项D意为“坚持，别挂断电话”等意思。根据语意，选择B。
15．A.give up B．work out
C．answer for D．think about
解析：选D。考查动词短语辨析。通过上文作者想确定孙女的想法，可是一旦开始谈话，她却意识到她本人才是那个该想想自己的反应的人。选项A表示“放弃”；选项B意为“锻炼，算出”；选项C意为“对……负责”；选项D意为“考虑，思考”。故选D。
16．A.first B．last
C．only D．simple
解析：选C。考查形容词辨析。通过上文可知作者觉得应反省的人是自己。此句话是所想内容：凯特琳所注意到的唯一的事情就是少年的手上都是东西。更加突出孩子纯真的内心。选项A意为“第一”；选项B意为“最后的”；选项C意为“唯一的”；选项D意为“简单的”。根据语意，选C。
17．A.broken B．strange
C．short D．full
解析：选D。考查形容词辨析。full满着的。
18．A.closing B．opening
C．knocking D．finding
解析：选B。考查短语搭配。通过上文分析可以知道：少年的手上满是东西，根据常理推测，此时他是无法开门的。选项A意为“关闭”；选项B意为“打开”；选项C意为“敲”；选项D意为“找到”。根据语意，选择B。
19．A.hairstyle B．expression
C．clothing D．skateboard
解析：选A。由上文This young man had ______ hair on the sides of his head and a patch (块)of blue hair on top of it.可知，男孩的发型很奇怪。选项A意为“发型”；选项B意为“表达”；选项C意为“衣物”；选项D意为“滑板”。故选A。
20．A.careful B．positive
C．thoughtful D．patient
解析：选C。考查形容词辨析。根据上文：我只看见半秃的脑袋，奇怪的发型，穿环和链子，而她看到的却是一个每只手都拿着东西的人走向一扇关着的门。因此，作者希望自己能像孙女那样考虑周到，而不是以貌取人。选项A意为“仔细的”；选项B意为“积极的，乐观的”；选项C意为“体贴的，考虑周到的”；选项D意为“耐心的”。根据语意选择C。
Ⅲ.语法填空
A Frenchman went to a small Italian town and stayed with his wife at 1.____________ best hotel there.One night, he went out for a walk alone.It was late and the small street was dark and quiet.2.____________ (sudden) he felt someone behind him.He turned his head and saw an Italian young man who walked past him 3.____________(quick)．The man was nearly out of sight when the Frenchman found that his watch 4.____________ (go)．He thought that it 5.____________ be the Italian who had taken his watch.He decided 6.____________ (follow) him and get back the watch.
Soon the Frenchman caught up with the Italian.7.____________ of them understood the other’s language.The Frenchman frightened the Italian with his fist (拳头) while 8.____________ (point) at the Italian’s watch.In the end the Italian gave up his watch to the Frenchman.
When he returned to the hotel, the Frenchman told his wife 9.____________ had happened.He was greatly surprised when his wife pointed to the watch on the table.Now he realized that he had robbed the watch 10.____________ mistake.
答案：1.the 2.Suddenly 3.quickly 4.was gone 5．must 6.to follow 7.Neither 8.pointing 9.what 10.by
, [学生用书单独成册])
课时作业2 (A卷)
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．The ____________(long) the war lasts, the more the people there will suffer.
2．With the day ____________(fine), we are going to swim.
3．The experience gained will be of great ____________(valuable) to us.
4．We have to watch out ____________ fast traffic along here.
5．How we make ____________ living helps determine how long we live.
6．Have you any concrete thoughts on ____________ to deal with this difficulty?
7．He ____________(measure) 30 inches round the waist.
8．The teacher banned him from ____________(talk) in class.
9．I continually have to remind him ____________ his responsibilities.
10．I wonder if modern life have any ____________(attract) for you?
答案：1.longer 2.being fine 3.value 4.for 5.a
6．how 7.measures 8.talking 9.of 10.attraction
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
In the old days，divers used to go down into the sea looking for ships that had sunk because they hoped to find gold and jewels.Now divers still search for valuable things in sunken ships，but they also try to bring to the surface the ships themselves，or parts of them.The value of different kinds of metals has increased greatly over the last twenty or thirty years and even though a ship has been under the sea for many years，it may be worth a great deal.
The “Andrea Doria” is a valuable ship lying on the seabed.It is an Italian passenger ship which sank in 1956 after a collision with a Swedish ship.The ship itself was worth at least $30，000，000 and in addition it was carrying over $4，800，000 and many other valuable things.There is one silver object which is worth over $1，200，000.But the ship is lying in deep water which is very dark and cold.As strong current also sweeps past the ship，so far divers have been unsuccessful.
1．The underlined word“current”in the second paragraph means________．
A．lots of money B．air
C．sea D．stream of water
解析：选D。词义猜测题。船只沉没海底，自然是强烈的“水流”流经船只，故选D项。
2．Divers try to bring up metal from sunken ships because________．
A．metal has been in the sea for a long time
B．some kinds of metal are worth a lot of money today
C．metal becomes better after it has been in the sea
D．it is easy to bring up metal
解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句话“The value of different kinds of metals has increased greatly...，it may be worth a great deal.”可知B项正确。
3．The “Andrea Doria” sank because________．
A．it hit an Italian ship
B．it hit a Swedish ship
C．there was a strong current
D．the water was very deep
解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句话“It is an Italian passenger ship which sank in 1956 after a collision with a Swedish ship.”可知，该船是与瑞典船只相撞后沉没的。
4．Divers have tried to bring up things from the“Andrea Doria”because________．
A．the water is not very deep
B．it is lying on the seabed
C．it sank in a collision
D．the ship and the things in it are very valuable
解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第二段第三、四两句话可知该船及其上面的物品都非常昂贵，故成为潜水者们争相打捞的对象。
B
Respect your teachers
First of all, students should respect the teachers.They should pay attention in the classes.That means to salute him, to stand from his chair when the teacher enters the classroom etc..Attend any lesson attentively.In class of a certain subject or teacher you don’t like very much, if it’s total anarchy(混乱), how can we talk about respect?
Play by the rules
If your teacher wants you to use wide-lined paper—do it! If she tells you to sharpen your pencils only before class starts, listen to her.If she doesn’t accept late homework, do yours on time.Sometimes classroom rules seem strict or even silly, but most teachers know what’s necessary to make things run smoothly, what it takes to let the learning begin.And the better the learning environment, the smarter you’ll be!
Expect her/him to like you
Teachers are teachers because they like kids.Given the chance, most teachers want to be your friends too.Respect your teacher, but don’t be afraid of her/him.She/He wants you to have a great school year just as much as you want to have!
Put first things first
Friends are a fun part of school.But they’re not the most important part.When your teacher is teaching, give her/him your full attention.Even when it’s hard to do—recess will come soon enough, and that’s the time for playing with your friends.
【解题导语】 本文主要给学生提出如何与老师相处的几点建议。
5．Which of the following would be the best title for the text?
A．Advice Before You Go to School
B．What You Should Do at School
C．How to Get Along With Your Teacher
D．How to Plan Your Time at School
解析：选C。标题归纳题。本文主要给出学生与老师相处的几点建议，因此C正确。
6．What do you think the title of the second paragraph “Play by the rules” means?
A．Don’t play if you haven’t completed your homework.
B．Follow what the teacher says.
C．Work is work and play is play.
D．Make the learning environment as good as possible.
解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第二段中提到的“do it”“listen to her”“do yours on time”可知B正确。
7．According to the last paragraph, what do you think the first thing is?
A．The teacher.
B．The teacher’s lecture.
C．The students.
D．Friends.
解析：选B。根据最后一段提到的“When your teacher is teaching, give her/him your full attention.”可知B正确。
8．The underlined word “recess” in the last paragraph most probably means “________”．
A．break B．play
C．parents D．news
解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据后面的“and that’s the time for playing with your friends.”可知应该是表示“休息”。
课时作业2 (B卷)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
Once many years ago，I pulled a family out of a burning car somewhere in Wyoming.Last week I received a telephone call from a woman who could not stop crying as she told me that one of my stories had saved her son from committing suicide.In closing she called me a hero.
That got me thinking about what a hero is.Was I a hero because I pulled a family out of a burning car? If so，how could I be a hero just because I wrote a story that saved someone’s life?
Today I decided to look up the word “hero” in the dictionary to see exactly what it meant.It read “a person who does something brave”．As I read on，it also said “a person who is good and noble”．
That statement impressed me more than the part about being brave.So I thought about something very important.Say I was walking into the local Wal-Mart Store and I happened to open，and hold the door for someone as a courtesy．As they passed me by，I said，“How are you today? ”Most of the time that would be no big deal，but this time let’s say it was for someone who was deeply depressed and near the end of the rope.That may have very well been the only kindness or courtesy shown to them in a very long time.
Having been near “the end of my rope”，after my marriage of twenty years ended，I was in such a condition.I was within hours trying to get enough courage to end the pain and misery.When I returned home，someone had sent me a card in the mail which told me how much they would appreciate me as a friend.That wonderful card probably saved my life.That person，without even knowing it，saved a life and became a hero.
Gee，who would have ever thought that anyone can become a hero，and possibly save a life just by being kind and courteous to others? The best part of all is that becoming a hero is free to all who wish to wear such an honor.
【解题导语】 本文讲述了作者通过一些具体事件后对“英雄”二字的理解。
1．Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
A．Why Should You Be A Hero?
B．What Exactly Is A Hero?
C．I Am A Hero
D．Everyone Is A Hero
解析：选B。标题归纳题。由第二段第一句“That got me thinking about what a hero is.”以及全篇均体现作者对于“英雄”概念的理解，可知选B。
2．From the first paragraph we know that ________．
A．the woman was just the one from the family I pulled out
B．one of my stories prevented the woman’s son from ending his life
C．the woman couldn’t help crying because I had saved her life
D．the writer was called a hero who had saved a family from an accident
解析：选B。细节理解题。妇女因为“我”“救了”她的儿子而向“我”道谢并称“我”为英雄。
3．The underlined word “courtesy” in Paragraph 4 means the behavior that is ________．
A．polite and respectful
B．brave and fearless
C．smart and considerate
D．cute and kind
解析：选A。词义猜测题。主动为别的顾客开门体现了一种很优雅的尊重，因此选A项。这是作者对于“英雄”行为的具体理解。
4．After the writer got divorced，________．
A．he devoted all his life to helping the poor
B．he led a very happy life
C．he led an extremely unhappy and uncomfortable life
D．he found much pleasure in supporting the homeless
解析：选C。细节理解题。由短文的第五段可知，作者结束了二十年的婚姻生活后，几乎处于崩溃的边缘。
Ⅱ.完形填空
My six-year-old granddaughter，who is called Caitlyn，stopped with me at a cake shop to buy some treats.As we were going out of the door，a young teenage boy was __1__in.
This young man had __2__ hair on the sides of his head and a patch (块)of blue hair on top of it.He had a nose ring，which was __3__ to a ring he was wearing in his ear by a __4__．He held a skateboard under one __5__ and a basketball under the other.
Caitlyn，who was walking ahead of me，__6__ when she saw the teen.I thought he’d __7__ her，and she’d frozen on the spot.I was __8__．My angel went back to the door and opened it as wide as it would go.Now I was __9__ with the young man.I stepped __10__ and let him pass.His __11__ was a polite one，“Thank you very much.”
On our way back home，I praised Caitlyn for her __12__ in holding open the door for the young man.She didn’t seem to be troubled by his __13__，but I wanted to __14__．Once we had spoken I realized it was me who needed to __15__ the way I had responded.
The __16__ thing Caitlyn noticed about the teen was the fact that his arms were __17__．He would have had a hard time __18__ the door.
I saw the partly shaved head，the strange __19__，the rings and the chain.She saw a person carrying something under each arm and heading towards a closed door.In future，I hope I am as__20__ as her and not so judgmental about others.
【解题导语】 作者及六岁的孙女去商店买完东西出来时，碰到了一位打扮非主流的青少年。作者本以为孙女受到惊吓而停下来，可实际上孙女是注意到他手上拿满东西而停下来为这名青少年开门。作者由此发出感慨，自己不该以貌取人而应该像孙女一样为他人着想。
1．A.looking B．rushing
C．breaking D．coming
解析：选D。考查动词辨析。根据前文“As we were going out of the door，”可以判断此时这位青少年正好要进来。选项A意为“看”；选项B意为“冲”；选项C意为“打坏”，故选择D意为“进来”。
2．A.much B．no
C．less D．more
解析：选B。考查形容词辨析。根据最后一段第一句话中的I saw the partly shaved head可知这位少年是半秃的脑袋，而下文a patch (块)of blue hair on top of it可知头顶是有头发的。由此可知少年两侧是没有头发的，故选择B。
3．A.joined B．added
C．attached D．belonged
解析：选C。考查动词辨析。语意为：他戴了一个鼻环，上面套着的链子连到他的耳环上。选项A意为“加入，参加”，不和to连用；选项B意为“增加”，和to连用，意为“被增加到……”；选项D意为“属于”，不用被动语态；选项C可构成短语：be attached to表示“喜爱，隶属于，连到……上去”，符合题意，故选C。
4．A.chain B．rope
C．jewel D．thread
解析：选A。考查名词辨析。根据上一题分析，以及最后一段the rings and the chain可知鼻环被用链子连到耳环上。选项A意为“链子”；选项B意为“绳索”；选项C意为“珠宝”；选项D意为“线，线状物”。故选A。
5．A.hand B．arm
C．foot D．leg
解析：选B。考查名词辨析。通过下文She saw a person carrying something under each arm and heading towards a closed door.可知作者的孙女为少年开门是因为少年手上都是满满的。可知句意：他一只胳膊夹着个滑板，另一只手上拿着个篮球。选项A意为“手”；选项B为“胳膊”；选项C为“脚”；选项D为“腿”。故选择B和under连用，意为：胳膊下。
6．A.cried B．ran
C．shouted D．stopped
解析：选D。考查动词辨析。通过下文she’d frozen on the spot可知，作者的孙女站在那儿没有动。选项A意为“哭”；选项B意为“跑”；选项C意为“大吼大叫”；选项D意为停了下来。故选D。
7．A.known B．recognized
C．frightened D．attracted
解析：选C。考查动词辨析。通过下文She didn’t seem to be troubled by his ______可知作者原以为孙女停下来是因为被少年的外表吓坏了。选项A意为“知道”；选项B意为“认出，识别出”；选项C意为“使惊吓”；选项D意为“吸引”。根据语意，选择C。
8．A.angry B．wrong
C．worried D．curious
解析：选B。考查形容词辨析。根据上文作者原以为孙女停下来是因为被少年的外表吓坏了，此时孙女却返回走向门，所以此时作者应该是猜错了。选项A意为“生气的”；B意为“错误的”；选项C意为“担忧的”；选项D意为“好奇的”。故选择B。
9．A.hand in hand B．neck and neck
C．side by side D．face to face
解析：选D。考查短语辨析。根据上文作者走在孙女的后面，后来孙女停下来为少年开门可知此时作者与少年为面对面的情形。选项A意为“手拉手”；选项B意为“旗鼓相当”；选项C意为“肩并肩”；选项D为“面对面”。故选择D。
10．A.back B．aside
C．over D．up
解析：选B。考查副词辨析。通过下文let him pass可知是让少年通过门，因此这句话意为：我走到一边。故选择B，构成短语 step aside，意为“走到一边，让开”。
11．A.response B．action
C．performance D．expression
解析：选A。考查名词辨析。根据下文Thank you very much.可知是少年的答复。选项A意为“回复”；选项B意为“行动”；选项C意为“表现”；选项D意为“表达”。故选择A。
12．A.way B．custom
C．manners D．interest
解析：选C。考查名词辨析。根据上文，作者孙女为他人开门，因此此句意为：我表扬了凯特琳为少年拉门的礼貌行为。选项A意为“方式，方法”；选项B意为“风俗”；选项C意为“礼貌”；选项D意为“兴趣爱好”。根据语意，选择C。
13．A.appearance B．character
C．hair D．rings
解析：选A。考查名词辨析。根据上文，作者原以为孙女会对这个少年的外貌感到大惊小怪。选项A意为“外表，外貌”；选项B意为“性格，汉字”等；选项C意为“头发”；选项D意为“耳环”。选项C和D都太片面，故选择A。
14．A.cheer up B．make sure
C．calm down D．hold on
解析：选B。考查动词短语辨析。通过上文作者觉得她的孙女似乎对少年的外貌不吃惊，但是她还是想确认一下。选项A意为“加油，振作起来”；选项B意为“确信”；选项C意为“镇定下来”；选项D意为“坚持，别挂断电话”等意思。根据语意，选择B。
15．A.give up B．work out
C．answer for D．think about
解析：选D。考查动词短语辨析。通过上文作者想确定孙女的想法，可是一旦开始谈话，她却意识到她本人才是那个该想想自己的反应的人。选项A表示“放弃”；选项B意为“锻炼，算出”；选项C意为“对……负责”；选项D意为“考虑，思考”。故选D。
16．A.first B．last
C．only D．simple
解析：选C。考查形容词辨析。通过上文可知作者觉得应反省的人是自己。此句话是所想内容：凯特琳所注意到的唯一的事情就是少年的手上都是东西。更加突出孩子纯真的内心。选项A意为“第一”；选项B意为“最后的”；选项C意为“唯一的”；选项D意为“简单的”。根据语意，选C。
17．A.broken B．strange
C．short D．full
解析：选D。考查形容词辨析。full满着的。
18．A.closing B．opening
C．knocking D．finding
解析：选B。考查短语搭配。通过上文分析可以知道：少年的手上满是东西，根据常理推测，此时他是无法开门的。选项A意为“关闭”；选项B意为“打开”；选项C意为“敲”；选项D意为“找到”。根据语意，选择B。
19．A.hairstyle B．expression
C．clothing D．skateboard
解析：选A。由上文This young man had ______ hair on the sides of his head and a patch (块)of blue hair on top of it.可知，男孩的发型很奇怪。选项A意为“发型”；选项B意为“表达”；选项C意为“衣物”；选项D意为“滑板”。故选A。
20．A.careful B．positive
C．thoughtful D．patient
解析：选C。考查形容词辨析。根据上文：我只看见半秃的脑袋，奇怪的发型，穿环和链子，而她看到的却是一个每只手都拿着东西的人走向一扇关着的门。因此，作者希望自己能像孙女那样考虑周到，而不是以貌取人。选项A意为“仔细的”；选项B意为“积极的，乐观的”；选项C意为“体贴的，考虑周到的”；选项D意为“耐心的”。根据语意选择C。
Ⅲ.语法填空
A Frenchman went to a small Italian town and stayed with his wife at 1.____________ best hotel there.One night, he went out for a walk alone.It was late and the small street was dark and quiet.2.____________ (sudden) he felt someone behind him.He turned his head and saw an Italian young man who walked past him 3.____________(quick)．The man was nearly out of sight when the Frenchman found that his watch 4.____________ (go)．He thought that it 5.____________ be the Italian who had taken his watch.He decided 6.____________ (follow) him and get back the watch.
Soon the Frenchman caught up with the Italian.7.____________ of them understood the other’s language.The Frenchman frightened the Italian with his fist (拳头) while 8.____________ (point) at the Italian’s watch.In the end the Italian gave up his watch to the Frenchman.
When he returned to the hotel, the Frenchman told his wife 9.____________ had happened.He was greatly surprised when his wife pointed to the watch on the table.Now he realized that he had robbed the watch 10.____________ mistake.
答案：1.the 2.Suddenly 3.quickly 4.was gone
5．must 6.to follow 7.Neither 8.pointing 9.what 10.by
课件65张PPT。Section Ⅲ Lesson 4，Communication Workshop & Culture Corner?Unit 7 The seaⅠ.重点单词
1．____________(adj.) 可怕的；令人厌恶的
2．____________(vt.) 令人感到恐惧
3．____________(vi.) 幸存，生存下来
4．____________(vi.) 下沉；沉没
5．____________(vi.) 不同意，意见不合
horribleterrifysurvivesinkdisagree6．opposite(n.) _______________________
7．escape(vi.) ____________
8．recognise(vt.) ____________
9．scream(vi.) _______________________________
10．recover(vi.) __________________
对立的人(物)；反义词逃脱，逃跑辨认出 (因恐惧、疼痛、兴奋等)尖声大叫恢复正常；康复Ⅱ.重点短语
1．____________the end 最后，终于
2．make____________ 有意义，讲得通
3．tie...____________．.. 把……系在……
4．all____________once 突然，忽然
5．pick____________ 取，接载
6．be located____________ 位于……；定位于……
7．____________the edge of 位于……的边缘；在……沿上
8．soon____________ 不久以后in senseto at upin/onat/onafterwardsⅠ.Read the text and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．What were the writer and his two brothers doing when they were caught in the storm?_____
A．They were fishing.
B．They were playing on the islands.
C．They were returning home.
D．They were swimming in the sea.
C2．What made the brothers go in the direction of the whirlpool?_______
A．The wind and waves.
B．The brothers themselves.
C．Nothing.
D．The God.A3．“It” at the beginning of Part A refers to ________．
A．that the brothers were on the edge of the whirlpool
B．that the brothers were in a terrible storm on their way home
C．that the brothers were going in the direction of the whirlpool
D．that the writer felt calmer at that moment
4．The writer tied himself to a barrel ________．
A．to make himself heavier
B．to help himself float
C．to make himself smaller
D．to make himself lighterDB5．How can we describe the story?______
A．Sad. B．Interesting.
C．Moving. D．Surprising.
AonSuddenlyatclearlyterrifiedwaitingdidafterthewas shining1. terrify vt.令人感到恐惧；使受惊吓
(教材P14)I tried to make my brother understand，but he was terrified and stayed in the heavy boat. 我努力使哥哥明白这一点，但他那时太恐惧了，待在沉重的船里。
(1)terrify sb.into doing sth.
恐吓某人做某事
(2)terrifying adj. 极其可怕的；骇人听闻的(3)terrified adj. 非常害怕的；极度恐惧的
be terrified of 因……而害怕(后接名词、代词或动名词表示原因)
be terrified at 因听到/看到……而害怕(后除接名词、代词或动名词外，还可接what从句)
be terrified out of one’s sense
吓得某人魂不附体
①His sudden appearance terrified them.
他的突然出现把他们吓了一跳。
②A ______________________ scream in the blackness of the night made my blood run cold.
黑夜里一声可怕的尖叫让我毛骨悚然。
③He is terrified of spiders.他害怕蜘蛛。
④She ___________ absolutely _________________the thought of jumping off the bridge.她想到从桥上跳 下 去就感到非常恐惧。terrifyingwasterrified at 【活用】——用上述词汇完成小片段
The little boy (1)________________ the (2)____________ noise in the darkness.He (3)____________________ staying at home alone.
那个小男孩对黑暗中令人恐惧的声音感到害怕。他害怕自己待在家里。was terrified atterrifyingwas terrified of2. escape vi.逃脱，逃跑(＋from)；漏出，渗出
vt.逃避；避免(＋v.-ing)；记不起
n．逃跑，逃避
(教材P14)Without waiting，I dived into the sea to try and escape. 刻不容缓，我跳入海中试图逃脱。
(1)escape from 从……逃脱
escape doing 逃脱/避免做……
sth.escape sb. 某人忘记某物
(2)make an escape 溜走 ①Her name escapes me.我记不起她的名字了。
②We were lucky to __________________________．
我们很幸运，没有受罚。
③That particular day, my brother and I sat through both movies twice, trying to escape the heat.
那个特殊的日子，我和我弟弟把这两部电影看了两遍，试图逃避炎热。
[温馨提示] escape只接doing，不接to do作宾语。escape being punished3. survive vi.幸存；生存下来；大难不死
vt.挺过；比……活得久
(教材P14)Our boat survived，and I was trying to recover when my elder brother put his mouth close to my ear，and screamed out the terrifying word“Whirlpool！”
我们的船获救了，我正努力恢复体力，我哥哥把嘴凑到我耳边，惊恐地喊：“漩涡！”
(1)survive sth. 在……之后仍然生存，从……中逃生
survive on 靠……生存
A survive B(by...) A比B活的时间更长(多活……)
(2)survival n. 幸存；幸存者(物)；残存物
(3)survivor n. 幸存者 ①She survived her husband by five years.
她比她丈夫多活了五年。
②That fashion is a ______________________ from 1910.
那种款式是从1910年留传至今的。
③Having survived that night, we were confident that everything else would be all right.
那晚幸存以后，我们更自信地认为另外所有事情都会好起来的。survival【活用】——用survive的相关词语完成小片段
The little girl was the only (1)____________who (2)____________ the strong earthquake.She told the reporter that she had to (3)____________little food during the days when she was buried.I think her (4)____________was a real wonder.survivorsurvivedsurvive onsurvival4. recover vi.恢复正常；康复
(教材P14)Our boat survived，and I was trying to recover when my elder brother put his mouth close to my ear，and screamed out the terrifying word“Whirlpool！”
我们的船获救了，我正努力恢复体力，我哥哥把嘴凑到我耳边，惊恐地喊：“漩涡！”
(1)recover from 从……中恢复过来
recover oneself 某人恢复正常
(2)recovery n. 恢复，康复
make a recovery from 从……中恢复 ①At the time, Ann’s son Thomas was 10 years old, and Jack, who was recovering from a heart operation, was 21 years old.那时，安的儿子托马斯10岁了，刚从一次心脏手术康复的杰克21岁了。
②He is ______________________ a knee injury.
他膝盖上的伤正在康复。
③He made a quick recovery from his illness and was soon back at work.
他生病后康复得很快，不久就回去上班了。
④The machine has ______________________after being repaired.
修理之后机器恢复了正常。recovering fromrecovered itself 5. recognise vt.辨认出；承认；认可
(教材P15)The fishermen were my old friends，but they were unable to recognise me.
那些渔民是我的老朋友，但他们都认不出我了。
(1)recognise sth.as/to be... 承认……是……
be recognised as... 被公认为……
recognise that... 承认……； 意识到……
(2)recognition n. 认识；认出
beyond recognition 认不出来 ①Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us, which we fail to recognise.我们的行为经常被我们周围一些小的压力所左右，我们没有意识到。
②They ______________________ a great leader.
他们承认他是一位伟大的领袖。
③Lawrence’s novel was eventually recognised as a work of genius.劳伦斯的小说最终被公认为天才之作。
④Illness and age had changed her ____________________．
疾病和衰老已使她变得认不出来了。recognised him as/to bebeyond recognition[易混辨析] recognise，realise，know
【活用】——选词填空(recognise, realise, know)
(1)He didn’t ____________ his mistake until his mother told him.
(2) We have ____________ each other for many years.
(3)I ____________ her as my friend’s daughter.realiseknownrecognised6. disagree vi.不同意，意见不合
(教材P17)I disagree. 我不同意。
(1)disagree with 与……意见不一致；与……不相称；与……不相宜，不适合
disagree with sb.about/on sth.
在某件事上跟某人意见不同
(2)disagreeable adj. 不合意的，难相处的
(3)disagreement n. 意见不一致，不同之处 ①Higher-ups make the final decisions, even if others might disagree.尽管其他人可能不同意，但是社会地位高的人做最终的决定。
②Her conduct ______________________ her words.她言行不一致。
③The sea food disagrees with me.我不适合吃海鲜。
disagrees with7. make sense 有意义，讲得通
(教材P14)Read them in that order to see if the story makes sense. 按那个顺序读读，看故事是否讲得通。
make sense of 理解，明白
in a sense 在一定程度上，就某种意义来说
in no sense 决不，决非
lose one’s sense 失去理智，昏过去
a sense of humor 幽默感
There is no sense in (doing) sth.
(口语)做某事是没有道理的①It doesn’t make any sense to always think of the past.
总是想着过去没有任何意义。
②Maybe what you said makes sense in a sense，but I can’t make sense of it；so in no sense will I follow you.
也许你说的在某种程度上是讲得通的，但是我没弄明白，所以我决不会听你的。
③______________________ worrying about the past.
为过去的事情担心是毫无意义的。
There is no sense in【活用】——用make sense或make sense of完成小片段
The lectures offer students the chance to (1)________________ mathematical knowledge that may have seemed so frightening.It (2)________________to master the knowledge.
make sense ofmakes sense8. all at once(all of a sudden＝suddenly)
忽然；突然
(教材P14)All at once，the sky was covered with dark clouds and in less than a minute we were in a terrible storm. 突然，天空被乌云笼罩，刹那间，我们被卷入了可怕的暴风雨中。
(1)all at once还意为“同时，一齐”，此时等于all together
(2)与all有关的其他短语：
all in all 总的说来
all along 始终，一直all over 到处，遍及
above all 首先
after all 毕竟
at all (否定句)一点也不；
(疑问句)到底；究竟
in all 总共，总计
all the same 仍是一样，仍然
①There are so many new ideas introduced all at once.
突然之间介绍了许多新观念。
②______________________，a rabbit came out of a hole.
突然，一只兔子从一个洞中跑了出来。
③All in all it had been a great success.
总的说来，那是极大的成功。
④We’re ____________ strange _____________．We’re just ordinary people.
我们一点也不奇怪，我们只是普通人。
All at oncenotat all【活用】——用all的相关短语完成小片段
You shouldn’t have blamed him (1)____________．He is a little child (2)____________；(3)____________，he made only two mistakes (4)____________．
你根本不该责怪他。毕竟他还是个小孩子；更重要的是，他总共才出了两处错。at allafter allabove allin all9. in the direction of 朝着……方向
(教材P14)With the wind and waves we were going in the direction of the whirlpool，and nothing could save us!
巨大的风浪把我们推向漩涡，什么也救不了我们！
from the direction of... 从……方向
in the same direction 向同一个方向
in different directions 向不同的方向
in the right direction 向正确的方向
in which direction 向着哪个方向
in both directions 双向 ①They went off in the direction of the post office.
他们朝邮局的方向去了。
②He found himself walking _________________________ the zoo.
他发现自己(不知不觉地)朝动物园的方向走去。
③City Circle trams run every 10 minutes in both directions.城市有轨电车每十分钟双向运行。
④Stones were flying about ______________________________.石块朝四面八方乱飞。in the direction ofin every direction/in all directions10. pick up 取，接载
(教材P15)In the end，a boat picked me up.
最后，一条船救了我。
(1)pick up的其他意思：
“意外发现，学到，获得”；“收拾，整理”；“(从电台、收音机)收听，接收，记录”;“加快(速度)”;“(生意、生产、天气、健康、社交生活等的)好转，改善，提高，有起色”；“跌倒后站(爬)起来”
(2)pick out 选出；挑出；拣出
pick off 摘掉，摘下；取走，拿掉
pick on 选中；挑出①I managed to pick up an American news broadcast.
我设法收听到一家美国电台的新闻广播。
②Can you ______________________the right one?
你能找出正确的那一个吗？
③Don’t pick off any of these flowers.
这些花一朵也不要采摘。
④He always ______________ small points to criticize.
他老是吹毛求疵。
⑤Pick yourself up.Courage is doing what you’re afraid to do.
振作起来，有了勇气你才敢做你不敢做的事情。pick outpicks on11. in addition to 除……之外
(教材P18)In addition to the supplies for the long journeys，... 除了长途旅行的生活必需品外，……
[易混辨析] in addition，in addition to
①We’ll order some extra corn in addition to our sixty pounds.
除了我们的60磅以外，我们还将额外订购一些谷物。
②______________________ housing price，the prices of daily supplies have been going up recently.
近来，除了房价，日常用品的价格也一直在增长。
③In addition, they should only give proper food to the animals.
另外，他们仅应该给动物一些合适的食物。
④_______________，we should learn how to get along well with others.另外，我们应该学会如何与其他人相处。In addition toIn addition12. rather than 宁愿……(而不)；不是……(而是)
(教材P19)Rather than using muscles to move its hundreds of tiny legs，the starfish uses a hydraulic system to move around or cling to rocks.
海星不用肌肉来移动它那数百条小腿，而是用水力系统来移动或贴在岩石上。
rather than 而不是
other than 除了
more than 超过；不仅仅是
or rather 更确切地说 ①I’d like to have a cold drink rather than coffee.
我想要一杯冷饮而不是咖啡。
②It’s the driver，__________________the passengers，that is to blame for the accident.
是司机而不是乘客应该为此事故负责。
③Facing up to your problem rather than running away from them is the best approach to working things out.
面对问题而不是逃避它们是解决事情的最好方法。rather thanⅠ.词汇自测
1．What is the____________(反义词)of heavy?
2．When I was sleeping last night a__________(可怕的)noise woke me up.
3．The empty boat was____________(漂，浮)on the sea.
4．The thunderstorm____________(令人感到恐惧)the child just now.
5．The soldier____________(逃跑)from the enemy’s prison.
oppositehorriblefloatingterrifiedescaped6．Some customs have____________(幸存)from earlier times.
7．Jennie made a great effort to____________(恢复正常) herself.
8．The child knocked into a table and started____________(尖声大叫)．
9．The sun was____________(下沉)in the west.
10．I____________(辨认出)her by her red hair yesterday.
survivedrecoverscreamingsinkingrecognisedⅡ.选词填空
1．No one could tell why Mary left________________．
2．The police found that the murder’s car went ________________ Yunnan.
3．________________his homework，he did many exercises.
4．The children ________________ many sea shells at the seashore.
5．This sentence doesn’t________________at all.all at once in the direction ofIn addition topicked upmake sense1. (教材P14)One day，my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands，our boat full of fish.
一天，我和我的两个兄弟从海岛返回，船上载满了鱼。
[句法分析]
our boat full of fish是独立主格结构，在句中作状语，表示伴随状况。独立主格结构：
(1)构成：名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式。
(2)作用：在句中充当时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随状语，多用于书面语中。
①Computers very small，we can use them widely.
电脑虽小，我们却能广泛地使用它们。
②______________________，you’d better wash them immediately.衣服很脏，你最好快点儿洗洗。
③The light still on in the room，he went out.
他出去了，房间里灯还亮着。
④The professor entered the classroom,__________________．教授手拿一本书走进了教室。The clothes very dirtya book in his hand
⑤Weather permitting，we’re going to visit you tomorrow.如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。
⑥______________________，he went out to play football.
做完家庭作业后，他出去踢足球了。
⑦So many people to help him，he is sure to succeed.
如此多的人帮助他，他一定会成功的。
His homework done[温馨提示] (1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不
同，它独立存在。
(2)独立主格结构一般有逗号与句子隔开。
2. (教材P18)From then on，they were happy to follow Zheng He wherever he led them. 从那时起，不管郑和领着他们去哪里，他们都非常情愿地跟着。
[句法分析]
wherever相当于no matter where“不管哪里，无论哪里”，引导让步状语从句。
whatever＝no matter what 无论什么
however＝no matter how 无论怎样
whenever＝no matter when 无论何时
whoever＝no matter who 无论是谁
whichever＝no matter which 无论哪个；无论哪些
①Whoever else goes hungry，he won’t.
不管别的什么人挨饿，他不会。
②______________________，I’ll support you.
无论你在哪里工作，我都会支持你。
③I’d like to see you _________________________．
在你方便的时候我想来看看你。
Wherever you workwhenever it’s convenient3. (教材P18)When he died in 1435，the stories of his travels made him one of China’s most famous sailors.
郑和死于1435年，有关他旅行的故事使他成为了中国最著名的海员之一。
[句法分析]
make him one of China’s most famous sailors为“make＋宾语＋n.(作宾语补足语)”的结构。
“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”中的宾语补足语可以是不带to的不定式、过去分词、形容词或名词。现将make的复合宾语结构总结如下：
(1)“make＋宾语＋n.”意为“使、让(某人/某物)(成
为)……”。
(2)“make＋宾语＋adj.”意为“使(某人/某物)(变得)……”.
(3)“make＋宾语＋do sth.(不带to的不定式)”意为“使……做某事”；在被动语态中，此类结构中省略的动词不定式中的to要还原。(4)“make＋宾语＋v.-ed形式(过去分词作宾补)”这个结构指宾语接受后面的那个动作，表示被动的意思，意为“使(某人/某事)被……”。
(5)“make＋宾语＋v.-ing形式(现在分词作宾补)”这一结构表示的意思是“使(某人/某事)一直在……”。
①We must work hard to make our motherland a stronger one.我们必须努力工作使我们的祖国更强大。
②The worker ______________________twelve hours a day.
这个工人被迫一天工作十二个小时。
③He made the boy standing all the time.
他让那个男孩一直站着。was made to workⅠ.完成句子
1．我们队在加拿大赢了的消息使我们很高兴。
The news that our team had won in Canada ____________________________．
2．我们的老师使我们感觉更加自信。
Our teacher makes us__________________．
3．无论我去哪里，这条狗总是跟着我。
_____________________________________，the dog always followed me.made us very happyfeel more confidentNo matter where I went/Wherever I went4．由于是星期天，我们今天不必上学。
__________________________，we needn’t go to school today.
5．他妻子病了，他不得不待在家里照看她。
________________，he has to stay at home to take care of her.It being SundayHis wife being illⅡ.句型转换
1．When the test was finished, we began our holiday.
→______________________， we began our holiday.
2．After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
→________________________， the whole country was in deep sorrow.
3．We should make children understand the importance of saving water.
→Children should be made __________________ the importance of saving water.The test finishedThe president assassinatedto understand4．The teacher raised his voice so that others could heard him.
→The teacher raised his voice so that he could ________________________．
5．No matter what happened，he would not mind.
→_____________________， he would not mind.make himself heardWhatever happened本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放Section Ⅲ Lesson 4，Communication Workshop & Culture Corner
Ⅰ.重点单词
1．____________(adj.) 可怕的；令人厌恶的
2．____________(vt.) 令人感到恐惧
3．____________(vi.) 幸存，生存下来
4．____________(vi.) 下沉；沉没
5．____________(vi.) 不同意，意见不合
6．opposite(n.) ____________
7．escape(vi.) ____________
8．recognise(vt.) ____________
9．scream(vi.) ____________
10．recover(vi.) ____________
答案：1.horrible 2.terrify 3.survive 4.sink 5.disagree 6.对立的人(物)；反义词 7.逃脱，逃跑 8.辨认出 9．(因恐惧、疼痛、兴奋等)尖声大叫 10.恢复正常；康复
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．____________the end 最后，终于
2．make____________ 有意义，讲得通
3．tie...____________．.. 把……系在……
4．all____________once 突然，忽然
5．pick____________ 取，接载
6．be located____________ 位于……；定位于……
7．____________the edge of 位于……的边缘；
在……沿上
8．soon____________ 不久以后
答案：1.in 2.sense 3.to 4.at 5.up 6.in/on 7.at/on 8.afterwards
Ⅰ.Read the text and choose the best answer according to the text.
1．What were the writer and his two brothers doing when they were caught in the storm?
A．They were fishing.
B．They were playing on the islands.
C．They were returning home.
D．They were swimming in the sea.
2．What made the brothers go in the direction of the whirlpool?
A．The wind and waves.
B．The brothers themselves.
C．Nothing.
D．The God.
3．“It” at the beginning of Part A refers to ________．
A．that the brothers were on the edge of the whirlpool
B．that the brothers were in a terrible storm on their way home
C．that the brothers were going in the direction of the whirlpool
D．that the writer felt calmer at that moment
4．The writer tied himself to a barrel ________．
A．to make himself heavier
B．to help himself float
C．to make himself smaller
D．to make himself lighter
5．How can we describe the story?
A．Sad. B．Interesting.
C．Moving. D．Surprising.
答案：1～5.CADBA
Ⅱ.Fill in the blanks according to the text.
It may seem strange.When we were 1.____________ the edge of the whirlpool，I felt calmer.2.____________(sudden), we went over the edge.I thought my life was over.The boat was on the inside of the huge whirlpool and we were going round in circles 3._____________ great speed.I saw 4. ____________(clear) there were other objects in the whirlpool.My brother was 5.____________(terrify) and stayed in the heavy boat.Without 6.____________(wait)，I dived into the sea to try and escape.
I 7.____________ escape at last.Some time 8.____________ I left the boat，with my brother in it，it sank into 9.____________ bottom of the whirlpool.The sky was clear，the wind clamer and the moon 10.____________(shine)．In the end, a boat picked me up.I got safe.
答案：1.on 2.Suddenly 3.at 4.clearly 5.terrified 6．waiting 7.did 8.after 9.the 10.was shining
terrify vt.令人感到恐惧；使受惊吓
(教材P14)I tried to make my brother understand，but he was terrified and stayed in the heavy boat. 我努力使哥哥明白这一点，但他那时太恐惧了，待在沉重的船里。
(1)terrify sb.into doing sth.
恐吓某人做某事
(2)terrifying adj. 极其可怕的；骇人听闻的
(3)terrified adj. 非常害怕的；极度恐惧的
be terrified of 因……而害怕(后接名词、代词或动名词表示原因)
be terrified at 因听到/看到……而害怕(后除接名词、代词或动名词外，还可接what从句)
be terrified out of one’s sense
吓得某人魂不附体
①His sudden appearance terrified them.
他的突然出现把他们吓了一跳。
②A terrifying scream in the blackness of the night made my blood run cold.
黑夜里一声可怕的尖叫让我毛骨悚然。
③He is terrified of spiders.他害怕蜘蛛。
④She was absolutely terrified_at the thought of jumping off the bridge.她想到从桥上跳下去就感到非常恐惧。
【活用】——用上述词汇完成小片段
The little boy (1)__________ the (2)____________ noise in the darkness.He (3)____________ staying at home alone.
那个小男孩对黑暗中令人恐惧的声音感到害怕。他害怕自己待在家里。
答案：(1)was terrified at (2)terrifying (3)was terrified of
escape vi.逃脱，逃跑(＋from)；漏出，渗出
vt.逃避；避免(＋v.-ing)；记不起
n．逃跑，逃避
(教材P14)Without waiting，I dived into the sea to try and escape. 刻不容缓，我跳入海中试图逃脱。
(1)escape from 从……逃脱
escape doing 逃脱/避免做……
sth.escape sb. 某人忘记某物
(2)make an escape 溜走
①Her name escapes me.我记不起她的名字了。
②We were lucky to escape_being_punished．
我们很幸运，没有受罚。
③That particular day, my brother and I sat through both movies twice, trying to escape the heat.
那个特殊的日子，我和我弟弟把这两部电影看了两遍，试图逃避炎热。
[温馨提示] escape只接doing，不接to do作宾语。
survive vi.幸存；生存下来；大难不死
vt.挺过；比……活得久
(教材P14)Our boat survived，and I was trying to recover when my elder brother put his mouth close to my ear，and screamed out the terrifying word“Whirlpool！”
我们的船获救了，我正努力恢复体力，我哥哥把嘴凑到我耳边，惊恐地喊：“漩涡！”
(1)survive sth. 在……之后仍然生存，从……中逃生
survive on 靠……生存
A survive B(by...) A比B活的时间更长(多活……)
(2)survival n. 幸存；幸存者(物)；残存物
(3)survivor n. 幸存者
①She survived her husband by five years.
她比她丈夫多活了五年。
②That fashion is a survival from 1910.
那种款式是从1910年留传至今的。
③Having survived that night, we were confident that everything else would be all right.
那晚幸存以后，我们更自信地认为另外所有事情都会好起来的。
【活用】——用survive的相关词语完成小片段
The little girl was the only (1)____________who (2)____________ the strong earthquake.She told the reporter that she had to (3)____________little food during the days when she was buried.I think her (4)____________was a real wonder.
答案：(1)survivor (2)survived (3)survive on (4)survival
recover vi.恢复正常；康复
(教材P14)Our boat survived，and I was trying to recover when my elder brother put his mouth close to my ear，and screamed out the terrifying word“Whirlpool！”
我们的船获救了，我正努力恢复体力，我哥哥把嘴凑到我耳边，惊恐地喊：“漩涡！”
(1)recover from 从……中恢复过来
recover oneself 某人恢复正常
(2)recovery n. 恢复，康复
make a recovery from 从……中恢复
①At the time, Ann’s son Thomas was 10 years old, and Jack, who was recovering from a heart operation, was 21 years old.那时，安的儿子托马斯10岁了，刚从一次心脏手术康复的杰克21岁了。
②He is recovering_from a knee injury.
他膝盖上的伤正在康复。
③He made a quick recovery from his illness and was soon back at work.
他生病后康复得很快，不久就回去上班了。
④The machine has recovered_itself after being repaired.
修理之后机器恢复了正常。
recognise vt.辨认出；承认；认可
(教材P15)The fishermen were my old friends，but they were unable to recognise me.
那些渔民是我的老朋友，但他们都认不出我了。
(1)recognise sth.as/to be... 承认……是……
be recognised as... 被公认为……
recognise that... 承认……；
意识到……
(2)recognition n. 认识；认出
beyond recognition 认不出来
①Our behavior is often shaped by little pressures around us, which we fail to recognise.我们的行为经常被我们周围一些小的压力所左右，我们没有意识到。
②They recognised_him_as/to_be a great leader.
他们承认他是一位伟大的领袖。
③Lawrence’s novel was eventually recognised as a work of genius.劳伦斯的小说最终被公认为天才之作。
④Illness and age had changed her beyond_recognition．
疾病和衰老已使她变得认不出来了。
[易混辨析] recognise，realise，know
recognise
“辨认出”，指一时的动作，表示认出或看出曾见过或听到过的人或物。
realise
指通过理解而认识到并相信某事，强调了解、领悟。
know
指持续性动作，强调早就认识或熟悉的人或物。
【活用】——选词填空(recognise, realise, know)
(1)He didn’t ____________ his mistake until his mother told him.
(2) We have ____________ each other for many years.
(3)I ____________ her as my friend’s daughter.
答案：(1)realise (2)known (3)recognised
disagree vi.不同意，意见不合
(教材P17)I disagree. 我不同意。
(1)disagree with 与……意见不一致；与……不相称；与……不相宜，不适合
disagree with sb.about/on sth.
在某件事上跟某人意见不同
(2)disagreeable adj. 不合意的，难相处的
(3)disagreement n. 意见不一致，不同之处
①Higher-ups make the final decisions, even if others might disagree.尽管其他人可能不同意，但是社会地位高的人做最终的决定。
②Her conduct disagrees_with her words.她言行不一致。
③The sea food disagrees with me.我不适合吃海鲜。
make sense 有意义，讲得通
(教材P14)Read them in that order to see if the story makes sense. 按那个顺序读读，看故事是否讲得通。
make sense of 理解，明白
in a sense 在一定程度上，就某种意义来说
in no sense 决不，决非
lose one’s sense 失去理智，昏过去
a sense of humor 幽默感
There is no sense in (doing) sth.
(口语)做某事是没有道理的
①It doesn’t make any sense to always think of the past.
总是想着过去没有任何意义。
②Maybe what you said makes sense in a sense，but I can’t make sense of it；so in no sense will I follow you.
也许你说的在某种程度上是讲得通的，但是我没弄明白，所以我决不会听你的。
③There_is_no_sense_in worrying about the past.
为过去的事情担心是毫无意义的。
【活用】——用make sense或make sense of完成小片段
The lectures offer students the chance to (1)________________ mathematical knowledge that may have seemed so frightening.It (2)________________to master the knowledge.
答案：(1)make sense of (2)makes sense
all at once(all of a sudden＝suddenly)
忽然；突然
(教材P14)All at once，the sky was covered with dark clouds and in less than a minute we were in a terrible storm. 突然，天空被乌云笼罩，刹那间，我们被卷入了可怕的暴风雨中。
(1)all at once还意为“同时，一齐”，此时等于all together
(2)与all有关的其他短语：
all in all 总的说来
all along 始终，一直
all over 到处，遍及
above all 首先
after all 毕竟
at all (否定句)一点也不；
(疑问句)到底；究竟
in all 总共，总计
all the same 仍是一样，仍然
①There are so many new ideas introduced all at once.
突然之间介绍了许多新观念。
②All_at_once，a rabbit came out of a hole.
突然，一只兔子从一个洞中跑了出来。
③All in all it had been a great success.
总的说来，那是极大的成功。
④We’re not strange at_all．We’re just ordinary people.
我们一点也不奇怪，我们只是普通人。
【活用】——用all的相关短语完成小片段
You shouldn’t have blamed him (1)____________．He is a little child (2)____________；(3)____________，he made only two mistakes (4)____________．
你根本不该责怪他。毕竟他还是个小孩子；更重要的是，他总共才出了两处错。
答案：(1)at all (2)after all (3)above all (4)in all
in the direction of 朝着……方向
(教材P14)With the wind and waves we were going in the direction of the whirlpool，and nothing could save us!
巨大的风浪把我们推向漩涡，什么也救不了我们！
向四面八方
in the opposite direction 向相反的方向
in the wrong direction 向错误的方向
from the direction of... 从……方向
in the same direction 向同一个方向
in different directions 向不同的方向
in the right direction 向正确的方向
in which direction 向着哪个方向
in both directions 双向
①They went off in the direction of the post office.
他们朝邮局的方向去了。
②He found himself walking in_the_direction_of the zoo.
他发现自己(不知不觉地)朝动物园的方向走去。
③City Circle trams run every 10 minutes in both directions.城市有轨电车每十分钟双向运行。
④Stones were flying about in_every_direction/in_all_directions.石块朝四面八方乱飞。
pick up 取，接载
(教材P15)In the end，a boat picked me up.
最后，一条船救了我。
(1)pick up的其他意思：
“意外发现，学到，获得”；“收拾，整理”；“(从电台、收音机)收听，接收，记录”；“加快(速度)”；“(生意、生产、天气、健康、社交生活等的)好转，改善，提高，有起色”；“跌倒后站(爬)起来”
(2)pick out 选出；挑出；拣出
pick off 摘掉，摘下；取走，拿掉
pick on 选中；挑出
①I managed to pick up an American news broadcast.
我设法收听到一家美国电台的新闻广播。
②Can you pick_out the right one?
你能找出正确的那一个吗？
③Don’t pick off any of these flowers.
这些花一朵也不要采摘。
④He always picks_on small points to criticize.
他老是吹毛求疵。
⑤Pick yourself up.Courage is doing what you’re afraid to do.
振作起来，有了勇气你才敢做你不敢做的事情。
in addition to 除……之外
(教材P18)In addition to the supplies for the long journeys，... 除了长途旅行的生活必需品外，……
[易混辨析] in addition，in addition to
in addition
副词性短语，表示上下文的递进关系，相当于besides(副词)。常放在句首，也可放在句中、句尾。
in addition to
除……之外，复合介词，后接名词或动名词。
①We’ll order some extra corn in addition to our sixty pounds.
除了我们的60磅以外，我们还将额外订购一些谷物。
②In_addition_to housing price，the prices of daily supplies have been going up recently.
近来，除了房价，日常用品的价格也一直在增长。
③In addition, they should only give proper food to the animals.
另外，他们仅应该给动物一些合适的食物。
④In_addition,_we should learn how to get along well with others.另外，我们应该学会如何与其他人相处。
rather than 宁愿……(而不)；不是……(而是)
(教材P19)Rather than using muscles to move its hundreds of tiny legs，the starfish uses a hydraulic system to move around or cling to rocks.
海星不用肌肉来移动它那数百条小腿，而是用水力系统来移动或贴在岩石上。
rather than 而不是
other than 除了
more than 超过；不仅仅是
or rather 更确切地说
①I’d like to have a cold drink rather than coffee.
我想要一杯冷饮而不是咖啡。
②It’s the driver，rather_than the passengers，that is to blame for the accident.
是司机而不是乘客应该为此事故负责。
③Facing up to your problem rather than running away from them is the best approach to working things out.
面对问题而不是逃避它们是解决事情的最好方法。
Ⅰ.词汇自测
1．What is the____________(反义词)of heavy?
2．When I was sleeping last night a____________(可怕的)noise woke me up.
3．The empty boat was____________(漂，浮)on the sea.
4．The thunderstorm____________(令人感到恐惧)the child just now.
5．The soldier____________(逃跑)from the enemy’s prison.
6．Some customs have____________(幸存)from earlier times.
7．Jennie made a great effort to____________(恢复正常)herself.
8．The child knocked into a table and started____________(尖声大叫)．
9．The sun was____________(下沉)in the west.
10．I____________(辨认出)her by her red hair yesterday.
答案：1.opposite 2.horrible 3.floating 4.terrified 5．escaped 6.survived 7.recover 8.screaming 9.sinking 10.recognised
Ⅱ.选词填空
make sense；pick up；all at once；in the direction of；in addition to
1．No one could tell why Mary left________________．
2．The police found that the murder’s car went________________Yunnan.
3．________________his homework，he did many exercises.
4．The children________________many sea shells at the seashore.
5．This sentence doesn’t________________at all.
答案：1.all at once 2.in the direction of 3.In addition to 4．picked up 5.make sense
(教材P14)One day，my two brothers and I were coming back from the islands，our boat full of fish.
一天，我和我的两个兄弟从海岛返回，船上载满了鱼。
[句法分析]
our boat full of fish是独立主格结构，在句中作状语，表示伴随状况。
独立主格结构：
(1)构成：名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语/现在分词/过去分词/不定式。
(2)作用：在句中充当时间、原因、条件、行为方式或伴随状语，多用于书面语中。
①Computers very small，we can use them widely.
电脑虽小，我们却能广泛地使用它们。
②The_clothes_very_dirty，you’d better wash them immediately.衣服很脏，你最好快点儿洗洗。
③The light still on in the room，he went out.
他出去了，房间里灯还亮着。
④The professor entered the classroom，a_book_in_his_hand．教授手拿一本书走进了教室。
⑤Weather permitting，we’re going to visit you tomorrow.如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。
⑥His_homework_done，he went out to play football.
做完家庭作业后，他出去踢足球了。
⑦So many people to help him，he is sure to succeed.
如此多的人帮助他，他一定会成功的。
[温馨提示] (1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。
(2)独立主格结构一般有逗号与句子隔开。
(教材P18)From then on，they were happy to follow Zheng He wherever he led them. 从那时起，不管郑和领着他们去哪里，他们都非常情愿地跟着。
[句法分析]
wherever相当于no matter where“不管哪里，无论哪里”，引导让步状语从句。
whatever＝no matter what 无论什么
however＝no matter how 无论怎样
whenever＝no matter when 无论何时
whoever＝no matter who 无论是谁
whichever＝no matter which 无论哪个；无论哪些
①Whoever else goes hungry，he won’t.
不管别的什么人挨饿，他不会。
②Wherever_you_work，I’ll support you.
无论你在哪里工作，我都会支持你。
③I’d like to see you whenever_it’s_convenient．
在你方便的时候我想来看看你。
[温馨提示] whoever，whatever，whichever，however，whenever等都可引导让步状语从句；引导状语从句时，特殊疑问词＋ever相当于no matter＋特殊疑问词。
(1)no matter what(how...)只能引导让步状语从句，而whatever(however...)既可引导让步状语从句(＝no matter what/how...)，又可引导名词性从句(≠no matter what/how...)。
(2)however单独使用，意为“然而”等表示转折的关系时，不引导名词性从句。
(教材P18)When he died in 1435，the stories of his travels made him one of China’s most famous sailors.
郑和死于1435年，有关他旅行的故事使他成为了中国最著名的海员之一。
[句法分析]
make him one of China’s most famous sailors为“make＋宾语＋n.(作宾语补足语)”的结构。
“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”中的宾语补足语可以是不带to的不定式、过去分词、形容词或名词。现将make的复合宾语结构总结如下：
(1)“make＋宾语＋n.”意为“使、让(某人/某物)(成为)……”。
(2)“make＋宾语＋adj.”意为“使(某人/某物)(变得)……”。
(3)“make＋宾语＋do sth.(不带to的不定式)”意为“使……做某事”；在被动语态中，此类结构中省略的动词不定式中的to要还原。
(4)“make＋宾语＋v.-ed形式(过去分词作宾补)”这个结构指宾语接受后面的那个动作，表示被动的意思，意为“使(某人/某事)被……”。
(5)“make＋宾语＋v.-ing形式(现在分词作宾补)”这一结构表示的意思是“使(某人/某事)一直在……”。
①We must work hard to make our motherland a stronger one.我们必须努力工作使我们的祖国更强大。
②The worker was_made_to_work twelve hours a day.
这个工人被迫一天工作十二个小时。
③He made the boy standing all the time.
他让那个男孩一直站着。
Ⅰ.完成句子
1．我们队在加拿大赢了的消息使我们很高兴。
The news that our team had won in Canada____________________________．
2．我们的老师使我们感觉更加自信。
Our teacher makes us__________________．
3．无论我去哪里，这条狗总是跟着我。
____________________________，the dog always followed me.
4．由于是星期天，我们今天不必上学。
__________________________，we needn’t go to school today.
5．他妻子病了，他不得不待在家里照看她。
________________，he has to stay at home to take care of her.
答案：1.made us very happy 2.feel more confident 3.No matter where I went/Wherever I went 4.It being Sunday
5．His wife being ill
Ⅱ.句型转换
1．When the test was finished, we began our holiday.
→______________________， we began our holiday.
2．After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.
→________________________， the whole country was in deep sorrow.
3．We should make children understand the importance of saving water.
→Children should be made __________________ the importance of saving water.
4．The teacher raised his voice so that others could heard him.
→The teacher raised his voice so that he could ________________．
5．No matter what happened，he would not mind.
→________________， he would not mind.
答案：1.The test finished 2.The president assassinated 3.to understand 4.make himself heard 5.Whatever happened
课时作业3 (A卷)
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．He spoke so loudly as to make himself ____________(understand)．
2．The boy ____________(be) late, his teacher was very angry.
3．In addition ____________ these books，there are many desks in the room.
4．The bus stops regularly to set down and pick ____________ passengers.
5．The enemy troops were fleeing ____________ all directions.
6．Can you make sense ____________ what this writer is saying?
7．I am bound to say I disagree ____________ you on this point.
8．He is recognised ____________ a movie star in Hong Kong.
9．The doctors hold out little hope of his ____________(recover)．
10．Man was responsible for the ____________(survive) of his family.
答案：1.understood 2.being 3.to 4.up 5.in 6.of 7.with 8.as 9.recovery 10.survival
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Far from the land of Antarctica，a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean.At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish，the Antarctic cod.
For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish.How does it live where most fish would freeze to death？It must have some secret.The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and research has been slowed.Now it seems we have an answer.
Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish.Scientists studied the fish’s blood and measured its freezing point.
The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of －1.88 ℃ and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it.The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to －2.05 ℃.That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice-salt mixture.
The scientists’next research job was clear：Find out what in the fish’s blood kept it from freezing.Their search led to some really strange things made up of a protein(蛋白质)never before seen in the blood of a fish.When it was removed，the blood froze at seawater temperature.When it was put back，the blood again had its anti-freeze quality and a lowered freezing point.
Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein.It has many small sugar molecules(分子)held in special positions within each big protein molecule.Because of its sugar content，it is called a glycoprotein．So it has come to be called the anti-freeze fish glycoprotein or AFGP.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了一种生活在南极海水中的鱼。
1．What is the text mainly about?
A．The terrible conditions in the Antarctic.
B．A special fish living in freezing waters.
C．The ice shelf around Antarctica.
D．Protection of the Antarctic cod.
解析：选B。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了对一种能够生活在南极冰冷的海水中的鱼的研究，因此B项是文章的中心意思。
2．Why can the Antarctic cod live at the freezing temperature?
A．The seawater has a temperature of －1.88 ℃.
B．It loves to live in the ice-salt mixture.
C．A special protein keeps it from freezing.
D．Its blood has a temperature lower than －2.05 ℃.
解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文中第五段的说明可以知道：正是这种特殊的蛋白质使得这种鱼在南极海水中生活而不至于被冰冻。
3．What does the underlined word“it”in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A．A type of ice-salt mixture.
B．A newly found protein.
C．Fish blood.
D．Sugar molecule.
解析：选B。根据文中的叙述可以判断出该物质就是帮助这种鱼生活在南极海水中的神奇的蛋白质。
4．What does“glyco-”in the underlined word“glycoprotein”in the last paragraph mean?
A．Sugar. B．Ice.
C．Blood. D．Molecule.
解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据“Because of its sugar content，it is called a glycoprotein．”这句话可以推断出前缀“glyco-”应该和sugar有关。
Ⅲ.完形填空
When I began teaching in a university，I was invited to a workshop for new professors.I had __1__ a long time learning what to teach，but not learning how to __2__ it.Somehow，my university seemed to hope a weekend spent with experienced professors would __3__ for that.My colleagues presented well-crafted(精心准备的)lectures about the tools they used.I enjoyed their __4__，but did not remember a thing they said.
At a coffee break during the lectures，finding myself __5__，I turned to a mathematics professor standing nearby.I asked him what his favorite teaching __6__ was.“A cup of coffee，”he said，“I talk too much and too fast in the classroom.Students sometimes have trouble __7__ me.So when I’ve said __8__ that I want my students to think about，I would __9__ and take a sip of coffee.It lets what I’ve just said sink in.”
When we were called to the next talk，he put down his cup and I __10__ there was not a trace of coffee in it.“My doctor __11__ me to stop drinking coffee，”he explained.“So I have always used a(n) __12__ cup.”I decided to try his __13__ in my class.
I took a cup of coffee with me to my next class.It helped.My pauses，as I __14__ the coffee，not only gave my students __15__ to think about what I had said，but gave me time to think about what I was going to say next.I began to use my __16__ to look around the room to see how my students were reacting to what I had just said.When I saw their __17__ wander，I tried to bring them back.When I saw them puzzled over some concept that I thought I had __18__，I gave another example.My __19__ became less organized and less brilliant，but my students seemed to __20__ me better.
【解题导语】 这是一篇记叙文。作者踏上大学的讲台之前向老教授学习教学方法，其中一位数学教授的教具是一杯咖啡，这给作者留下了深刻的印象，在以后的教学生涯中，一杯咖啡令作者回味无穷。
1．A.wasted B．cost
C．killed D．spent
解析：选D。词语辨析题。句意： 我已经花费了很长时间学习教什么。cost的主语是物，故排除； kill one’s time“消磨某人的时间”。
2．A.manage B．copy
C．teach D．consider
解析：选C。逻辑推理题。根据“learning what to teach”可知此处是说没有学怎样教(teach)。
3．A.put up B．build up
C．take up D．make up
解析：选D。逻辑推理题。make up for“弥补，补偿”。根据前文所述可知，此处是说学校想利用一个周末来弥补(从有经验的教授身上学习怎么教)。
4．A.experiences B．plans
C．presentations D．designs
解析：选C。前后照应题。句意： 同事们就他们所使用的教具做了精心准备的演讲。我很欣赏他们的介绍，但他们讲的我都没有记住。前一句中的presented有暗示。
5．A.alone B．absent
C．lonely D．awkward
解析：选A。词语辨析题。分析语境可知，在休息期间我发现自己独自一人，然后就和一位数学教授聊起天来，alone强调一个人而未必孤独； lonely强调孤独、寂寞。
6．A.method B．material
C．tool D．skill
解析：选C。词汇复现题。根据第一段中“My colleagues presented well-crafted(精心准备的) lectures about the tools they used.”，以及后文中回答的“A cup of coffee”可知答案为C。
7．A.following B．grasping
C．seizing D．imitating
解析：选A。逻辑推理题。根据“I talk too much and too fast in the classroom.”可知，由于讲得多、讲得快，学生有时可能跟不上(following)。
8．A.everything B．something
C．nothing D．anything
解析：选B。词语辨析题。句意： 当我说到某些(something)想让学生思考的东西时。
9．A.pretend B．stop
C．prevent D．delay
解析：选B。逻辑推理题。根据后文“take a sip of coffee”以及最后一段可知是要停下来喝一口咖啡。
10．A.observed B．noticed
C．glared D．proved
解析：选B。词语辨析题。句意： 我看到他的杯子里并没有咖啡。notice指无意中注意到，符合语意。observe“长期观察”； glare“怒视”； prove“证明”。
11．A.suggested B．protected
C．allowed D．advised
解析：选D。习语搭配题。句意： 医生建议我停止喝咖啡。并没有suggest sb.to do sth.这种结构。故用advised。
12．A.empty B．clear
C．large D．false
解析：选A。逻辑推理题。医生建议他别再喝咖啡了，故这位数学教授只能拿着一个空(empty)杯子去上课。
13．A.discovery B．invention
C．magic D．idea
解析：选D。逻辑推理题。根据最后一段内容可知作者也想效仿一下这位数学教授的做法。discovery“发现”； invention“发明”； magic“魔法”； idea“主意，想法”。
14．A.dropped B．made
C．drank D．changed
解析：选C。前后照应题。根据本段第一句“I took a cup of coffee with me to my next class.”可知，此处是说作者也在上课的时候喝(drank)咖啡。
15．A.space B．time
C．room D．schedule
解析：选B。逻辑推理题。根据后文“but gave me time to think about what I was going to say next”可知作者喝咖啡的时候不仅给了学生思考的时间，也为自己思考接下来说什么留足了时间。
16．A.chances B．pauses
C．situations D．conditions
解析：选B。词汇复现题。根据“My pauses，as I ______ the coffee”可知作者利用暂停的空闲时间看学生的反应。pause“中止； 暂停”。
17．A.attention B．focus
C．energy D．devotion
解析：选A。逻辑推理题。根据“I tried to bring them back.”可知此处应表示“当我看见他们的注意力(attention)不集中时”。
18．A.translated B．expected
C．explained D．solved
解析：选C。逻辑推理题。根据后文“I gave another example.”可知，此处应表示“当我看见他们对我认为我刚才解释(explained)的某个概念仍迷惑不解时”。
19．A.speeches B．memories
C．documents D．lectures
解析：选D。词汇复现题。根据首段第一句可知作者是在大学授课，故应选lecture“讲座”。
20．A.realize B．understand
C．admit D．admire
解析：选B。逻辑推理题。句意： 尽管我的课不再那么紧凑、精彩，但我的学生理解得(understand)更好了。
课时作业3 (B卷)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The influence of America is increasing in my country.Spanish people drink Coca Cola, wear blue jeans, watch Hollywood movies, listen to American music, and eat fast food, and they do these things every day.
I think that American movies are a good way to spread American culture because people are often influenced by what they see in the movies.Most of the programs and documentaries (纪录片) we watch on TV are from America, and most of the movies we go to see are made in Hollywood.
In the last few years, the government has tried to protect the Spanish movies.Now, in our cinemas, at least twenty percent of the movies which are shown must be from Spain or from other countries in Europe.
American culture is a part of Spanish life now.It’s certain that many things from America are as much a part of people’s lives as Spanish things.For example, Coca Cola is as familiar to everybody as any typical Spanish product.I’ve known about Coca Cola for my whole life.
However, it’s different with Western fast food.For example, I don’t think McDonald’s is as successful in Spain as it is in other countries.In my opinion, one of the reasons may be the lifestyle of the Spanish people.The Spanish people normally eat at home.
On the other hand, maybe McDonald’s hamburgers will eventually replace the famous Spanish tapas.It’s true that in every city in Spain you can find a McDonald’s, and it is more popular among the Spanish children than among the adults.In any case, it’s obvious that American culture is becoming more and more a part of our lives every day.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了美国文化对西班牙的影响。
1．From the first paragraph we can know that ________．
A．the influence of America on Spain can be found everywhere
B．most Spanish people don’t like to listen to their own music
C．fast food spreads from Spain to the United States
D．some Spanish actors go to America to improve their acting skills
解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第一段叙述可知美国文化对西班牙的影响涉及到生活的各个方面，无处不在。
2．What plays an important part in the spreading of American culture in Spain?
A．American novels.
B．Hollywood movies.
C．McDonald’s.
D．American music.
解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第二段I think that American movies are a good way to spread American culture because people are often influenced by what they see in the movies.一句可知选B。
3．Why did the government set some rules for the films shown in Spain?
A．To protect foreign culture in Spain.
B．To earn more money from Spanish films.
C．To limit the number of foreign movies.
D．To unite the European Community.
解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第三段叙述可知主要是限制国外电影的数量。
4．What do you think Spanish tapas might be?
A．The name of a drink.
B．The name of a restaurant.
C．A clothing brand.
D．A certain kind of food.
解析：选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段On the other hand, maybe McDonald’s hamburgers will eventually replace the famous Spanish tapas.一句提到被汉堡代替，可知应该是一种食物。
B
After the examination，the doctor told my parents my sight would get worse and that I would lose my sight finally.On the way home from hospital，no one said a word.One day，would I only imagine the scenery beyond the glass rather than see it?
That September，I entered middle school.Most nights I had homework that included an armful of books to read.To keep up with other children，I took great trouble to finish the task.With my nose a couple of inches from the page，I was tired easily.What’s worse，after I had read several pages on my own，the words slipped off the page into inky(漆黑的)pools.
However，then I did not have audio books and electronic devices like kids do now.Instead，Mom volunteered to read out loud.Mom worked part-time，cleaned the house，cooked and spent time with grandma.In spite of being so busy，she showed up in my room like clockwork.She put on her reading glasses.Mom always thought those glasses made her look old.To me，she looked like a teacher.
In my room，Mom’s voice competed with the ticking of the clock.Being forced to focus on listening，I found a way to keep my marks up and compete with the other kids.When the teacher asked a question，I raised my hand with confidence.Teachers praised me for having a good memory.Reading removed my fear for my failing sight；reading also made me curious about other people’s challenges and how they managed.Though I could not use my eyes to fix on each passage，my mind lit up with every new book.
True to what the doctor said，the worst came，but thanks to Mom，my sense of hearing now allows me to “see”．This was the most precious(珍贵的)gift from a mother to her child.
【解题导语】 作者视力急剧下降，最终失明了。但是母亲读书给作者听，虽然作者不能用眼睛看，但是他的母亲、他的听觉在帮助作者“看”。
5．Why did the author and his parents keep silent on their way back home from hospital?
A．They all wanted to have a good rest.
B．The author didn’t do well in the exam.
C．What the doctor said made them worried.
D．They focused on the scenery along the road.
解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文章第一段的After the examination，the doctor told my parents my sight would get worse and that I would lose my sight finally.可知医生告诉作者的父母作者的视力会更糟糕，最终会失明。由于大家心情沉重故沉默不语。故选C。
6．How did the author manage to get high marks?
A．By being confident.
B．By listening carefully.
C．By getting help from his classmates.
D．By reading as many books as possible.
解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段的Instead，Mom volunteered to read out loud.可知作者的母亲读书给作者听，作者主要靠听来学习。
7．We can learn from the text that ________．
A．the author’s sight recovered finally
B．reading made the author more sensitive
C．the author’s mother didn’t work to look after him
D．reading made the author not worry about his sight
解析：选D。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知作者最终失明了，但是多亏作者的母亲，作者的听觉能帮助作者“看”。故选D。
8．Which of the following could be the best title of the text?
A．My Eyesight Trouble
B．An Unforgettable Experience
C．With Ears Wide Open
D．About Mother’s Love
解析： 选C。标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了作者的视力出现了问题，母亲读书给作者听，作者的听力帮助作者“看”。故选C。
Ⅱ.短文改错
It’s been a long time since I do something good for the environment.Feel responsible to protect the environment, I decided to take action again.I told my idea with my friends and we planned to plant the trees on the hill in the rural area of the city.
We came to the foot of the hill and selected a place where looked suitable and settled down.We spend a few hours digging holes and placing the young seedlings (幼苗)．Then we wrote our wishes on cards one to one and buried it deep down the roots of the trees.We also took numerous pictures.We were such busy that we didn’t realize it was time to go back.I felt really glad that we made difference to the environment.
答案：
It’s been a long time since I something good for the environment. responsible to protect the environment, I decided to take action again.I told my idea my friends and we planned to plant trees on the hill in the rural area of the city.
We came to the foot of the hill and selected a place looked suitable and settled down.We a few hours digging holes and placing the young seedlings (幼苗)．Then we wrote our wishes on cards one one and buried deep down the roots of the trees.We also took numerous pictures.We were busy that we didn’t realize it was time to go back.I felt really glad that we made ∧,a) difference to the environment.
, [学生用书单独成册])
课时作业3 (A卷)
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．He spoke so loudly as to make himself ____________(understand)．
2．The boy ____________(be) late, his teacher was very angry.
3．In addition ____________ these books，there are many desks in the room.
4．The bus stops regularly to set down and pick ____________ passengers.
5．The enemy troops were fleeing ____________ all directions.
6．Can you make sense ____________ what this writer is saying?
7．I am bound to say I disagree ____________ you on this point.
8．He is recognised ____________ a movie star in Hong Kong.
9．The doctors hold out little hope of his ____________(recover)．
10．Man was responsible for the ____________(survive) of his family.
答案：1.understood 2.being 3.to 4.up 5.in 6.of 7.with 8.as 9.recovery 10.survival
Ⅱ.阅读理解
Far from the land of Antarctica，a huge shelf of ice meets the ocean.At the underside of the shelf there lives a small fish，the Antarctic cod.
For forty years scientists have been curious about that fish.How does it live where most fish would freeze to death？It must have some secret.The Antarctic is not a comfortable place to work and research has been slowed.Now it seems we have an answer.
Research was begun by cutting holes in the ice and catching the fish.Scientists studied the fish’s blood and measured its freezing point.
The fish were taken from seawater that had a temperature of －1.88 ℃ and many tiny pieces of ice floating in it.The blood of the fish did not begin to freeze until its temperature was lowered to －2.05 ℃.That small difference is enough for the fish to live at the freezing temperature of the ice-salt mixture.
The scientists’next research job was clear：Find out what in the fish’s blood kept it from freezing.Their search led to some really strange things made up of a protein(蛋白质)never before seen in the blood of a fish.When it was removed，the blood froze at seawater temperature.When it was put back，the blood again had its anti-freeze quality and a lowered freezing point.
Study showed that it is an unusual kind of protein.It has many small sugar molecules(分子)held in special positions within each big protein molecule.Because of its sugar content，it is called a glycoprotein．So it has come to be called the anti-freeze fish glycoprotein or AFGP.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了一种生活在南极海水中的鱼。
1．What is the text mainly about?
A．The terrible conditions in the Antarctic.
B．A special fish living in freezing waters.
C．The ice shelf around Antarctica.
D．Protection of the Antarctic cod.
解析：选B。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了对一种能够生活在南极冰冷的海水中的鱼的研究，因此B项是文章的中心意思。
2．Why can the Antarctic cod live at the freezing temperature?
A．The seawater has a temperature of －1.88 ℃.
B．It loves to live in the ice-salt mixture.
C．A special protein keeps it from freezing.
D．Its blood has a temperature lower than －2.05 ℃.
解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文中第五段的说明可以知道：正是这种特殊的蛋白质使得这种鱼在南极海水中生活而不至于被冰冻。
3．What does the underlined word“it”in Paragraph 5 refer to?
A．A type of ice-salt mixture.
B．A newly found protein.
C．Fish blood.
D．Sugar molecule.
解析：选B。根据文中的叙述可以判断出该物质就是帮助这种鱼生活在南极海水中的神奇的蛋白质。
4．What does“glyco-”in the underlined word“glycoprotein”in the last paragraph mean?
A．Sugar. B．Ice.
C．Blood. D．Molecule.
解析：选A。词义猜测题。根据“Because of its sugar content，it is called a glycoprotein．”这句话可以推断出前缀“glyco-”应该和sugar有关。
Ⅲ.完形填空
When I began teaching in a university，I was invited to a workshop for new professors.I had __1__ a long time learning what to teach，but not learning how to __2__ it.Somehow，my university seemed to hope a weekend spent with experienced professors would __3__ for that.My colleagues presented well-crafted(精心准备的)lectures about the tools they used.I enjoyed their __4__，but did not remember a thing they said.
At a coffee break during the lectures，finding myself __5__，I turned to a mathematics professor standing nearby.I asked him what his favorite teaching __6__ was.“A cup of coffee，”he said，“I talk too much and too fast in the classroom.Students sometimes have trouble __7__ me.So when I’ve said __8__ that I want my students to think about，I would __9__ and take a sip of coffee.It lets what I’ve just said sink in.”
When we were called to the next talk，he put down his cup and I __10__ there was not a trace of coffee in it.“My doctor __11__ me to stop drinking coffee，”he explained.“So I have always used a(n) __12__ cup.”I decided to try his __13__ in my class.
I took a cup of coffee with me to my next class.It helped.My pauses，as I __14__ the coffee，not only gave my students __15__ to think about what I had said，but gave me time to think about what I was going to say next.I began to use my __16__ to look around the room to see how my students were reacting to what I had just said.When I saw their __17__ wander，I tried to bring them back.When I saw them puzzled over some concept that I thought I had __18__，I gave another example.My __19__ became less organized and less brilliant，but my students seemed to __20__ me better.
【解题导语】 这是一篇记叙文。作者踏上大学的讲台之前向老教授学习教学方法，其中一位数学教授的教具是一杯咖啡，这给作者留下了深刻的印象，在以后的教学生涯中，一杯咖啡令作者回味无穷。
1．A.wasted B．cost
C．killed D．spent
解析：选D。词语辨析题。句意： 我已经花费了很长时间学习教什么。cost的主语是物，故排除； kill one’s time“消磨某人的时间”。
2．A.manage B．copy
C．teach D．consider
解析：选C。逻辑推理题。根据“learning what to teach”可知此处是说没有学怎样教(teach)。
3．A.put up B．build up
C．take up D．make up
解析：选D。逻辑推理题。make up for“弥补，补偿”。根据前文所述可知，此处是说学校想利用一个周末来弥补(从有经验的教授身上学习怎么教)。
4．A.experiences B．plans
C．presentations D．designs
解析：选C。前后照应题。句意： 同事们就他们所使用的教具做了精心准备的演讲。我很欣赏他们的介绍，但他们讲的我都没有记住。前一句中的presented有暗示。
5．A.alone B．absent
C．lonely D．awkward
解析：选A。词语辨析题。分析语境可知，在休息期间我发现自己独自一人，然后就和一位数学教授聊起天来，alone强调一个人而未必孤独； lonely强调孤独、寂寞。
6．A.method B．material
C．tool D．skill
解析：选C。词汇复现题。根据第一段中“My colleagues presented well-crafted(精心准备的) lectures about the tools they used.”，以及后文中回答的“A cup of coffee”可知答案为C。
7．A.following B．grasping
C．seizing D．imitating
解析：选A。逻辑推理题。根据“I talk too much and too fast in the classroom.”可知，由于讲得多、讲得快，学生有时可能跟不上(following)。
8．A.everything B．something
C．nothing D．anything
解析：选B。词语辨析题。句意： 当我说到某些(something)想让学生思考的东西时。
9．A.pretend B．stop
C．prevent D．delay
解析：选B。逻辑推理题。根据后文“take a sip of coffee”以及最后一段可知是要停下来喝一口咖啡。
10．A.observed B．noticed
C．glared D．proved
解析：选B。词语辨析题。句意： 我看到他的杯子里并没有咖啡。notice指无意中注意到，符合语意。observe“长期观察”； glare“怒视”； prove“证明”。
11．A.suggested B．protected
C．allowed D．advised
解析：选D。习语搭配题。句意： 医生建议我停止喝咖啡。并没有suggest sb.to do sth.这种结构。故用advised。
12．A.empty B．clear
C．large D．false
解析：选A。逻辑推理题。医生建议他别再喝咖啡了，故这位数学教授只能拿着一个空(empty)杯子去上课。
13．A.discovery B．invention
C．magic D．idea
解析：选D。逻辑推理题。根据最后一段内容可知作者也想效仿一下这位数学教授的做法。discovery“发现”； invention“发明”； magic“魔法”； idea“主意，想法”。
14．A.dropped B．made
C．drank D．changed
解析：选C。前后照应题。根据本段第一句“I took a cup of coffee with me to my next class.”可知，此处是说作者也在上课的时候喝(drank)咖啡。
15．A.space B．time
C．room D．schedule
解析：选B。逻辑推理题。根据后文“but gave me time to think about what I was going to say next”可知作者喝咖啡的时候不仅给了学生思考的时间，也为自己思考接下来说什么留足了时间。
16．A.chances B．pauses
C．situations D．conditions
解析：选B。词汇复现题。根据“My pauses，as I ______ the coffee”可知作者利用暂停的空闲时间看学生的反应。pause“中止； 暂停”。
17．A.attention B．focus
C．energy D．devotion
解析：选A。逻辑推理题。根据“I tried to bring them back.”可知此处应表示“当我看见他们的注意力(attention)不集中时”。
18．A.translated B．expected
C．explained D．solved
解析：选C。逻辑推理题。根据后文“I gave another example.”可知，此处应表示“当我看见他们对我认为我刚才解释(explained)的某个概念仍迷惑不解时”。
19．A.speeches B．memories
C．documents D．lectures
解析：选D。词汇复现题。根据首段第一句可知作者是在大学授课，故应选lecture“讲座”。
20．A.realize B．understand
C．admit D．admire
解析：选B。逻辑推理题。句意： 尽管我的课不再那么紧凑、精彩，但我的学生理解得(understand)更好了。
课时作业3 (B卷)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
The influence of America is increasing in my country.Spanish people drink Coca Cola, wear blue jeans, watch Hollywood movies, listen to American music, and eat fast food, and they do these things every day.
I think that American movies are a good way to spread American culture because people are often influenced by what they see in the movies.Most of the programs and documentaries (纪录片) we watch on TV are from America, and most of the movies we go to see are made in Hollywood.
In the last few years, the government has tried to protect the Spanish movies.Now, in our cinemas, at least twenty percent of the movies which are shown must be from Spain or from other countries in Europe.
American culture is a part of Spanish life now.It’s certain that many things from America are as much a part of people’s lives as Spanish things.For example, Coca Cola is as familiar to everybody as any typical Spanish product.I’ve known about Coca Cola for my whole life.
However, it’s different with Western fast food.For example, I don’t think McDonald’s is as successful in Spain as it is in other countries.In my opinion, one of the reasons may be the lifestyle of the Spanish people.The Spanish people normally eat at home.
On the other hand, maybe McDonald’s hamburgers will eventually replace the famous Spanish tapas.It’s true that in every city in Spain you can find a McDonald’s, and it is more popular among the Spanish children than among the adults.In any case, it’s obvious that American culture is becoming more and more a part of our lives every day.
【解题导语】 本文主要介绍了美国文化对西班牙的影响。
1．From the first paragraph we can know that ________．
A．the influence of America on Spain can be found everywhere
B．most Spanish people don’t like to listen to their own music
C．fast food spreads from Spain to the United States
D．some Spanish actors go to America to improve their acting skills
解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第一段叙述可知美国文化对西班牙的影响涉及到生活的各个方面，无处不在。
2．What plays an important part in the spreading of American culture in Spain?
A．American novels.
B．Hollywood movies.
C．McDonald’s.
D．American music.
解析：选B。推理判断题。根据第二段I think that American movies are a good way to spread American culture because people are often influenced by what they see in the movies.一句可知选B。
3．Why did the government set some rules for the films shown in Spain?
A．To protect foreign culture in Spain.
B．To earn more money from Spanish films.
C．To limit the number of foreign movies.
D．To unite the European Community.
解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第三段叙述可知主要是限制国外电影的数量。
4．What do you think Spanish tapas might be?
A．The name of a drink.
B．The name of a restaurant.
C．A clothing brand.
D．A certain kind of food.
解析：选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段On the other hand, maybe McDonald’s hamburgers will eventually replace the famous Spanish tapas.一句提到被汉堡代替，可知应该是一种食物。
B
After the examination，the doctor told my parents my sight would get worse and that I would lose my sight finally.On the way home from hospital，no one said a word.One day，would I only imagine the scenery beyond the glass rather than see it?
That September，I entered middle school.Most nights I had homework that included an armful of books to read.To keep up with other children，I took great trouble to finish the task.With my nose a couple of inches from the page，I was tired easily.What’s worse，after I had read several pages on my own，the words slipped off the page into inky(漆黑的)pools.
However，then I did not have audio books and electronic devices like kids do now.Instead，Mom volunteered to read out loud.Mom worked part-time，cleaned the house，cooked and spent time with grandma.In spite of being so busy，she showed up in my room like clockwork.She put on her reading glasses.Mom always thought those glasses made her look old.To me，she looked like a teacher.
In my room，Mom’s voice competed with the ticking of the clock.Being forced to focus on listening，I found a way to keep my marks up and compete with the other kids.When the teacher asked a question，I raised my hand with confidence.Teachers praised me for having a good memory.Reading removed my fear for my failing sight；reading also made me curious about other people’s challenges and how they managed.Though I could not use my eyes to fix on each passage，my mind lit up with every new book.
True to what the doctor said，the worst came，but thanks to Mom，my sense of hearing now allows me to “see”．This was the most precious(珍贵的)gift from a mother to her child.
【解题导语】 作者视力急剧下降，最终失明了。但是母亲读书给作者听，虽然作者不能用眼睛看，但是他的母亲、他的听觉在帮助作者“看”。
5．Why did the author and his parents keep silent on their way back home from hospital?
A．They all wanted to have a good rest.
B．The author didn’t do well in the exam.
C．What the doctor said made them worried.
D．They focused on the scenery along the road.
解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文章第一段的After the examination，the doctor told my parents my sight would get worse and that I would lose my sight finally.可知医生告诉作者的父母作者的视力会更糟糕，最终会失明。由于大家心情沉重故沉默不语。故选C。
6．How did the author manage to get high marks?
A．By being confident.
B．By listening carefully.
C．By getting help from his classmates.
D．By reading as many books as possible.
解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段的Instead，Mom volunteered to read out loud.可知作者的母亲读书给作者听，作者主要靠听来学习。
7．We can learn from the text that ________．
A．the author’s sight recovered finally
B．reading made the author more sensitive
C．the author’s mother didn’t work to look after him
D．reading made the author not worry about his sight
解析：选D。推理判断题。根据文章最后一段可知作者最终失明了，但是多亏作者的母亲，作者的听觉能帮助作者“看”。故选D。
8．Which of the following could be the best title of the text?
A．My Eyesight Trouble
B．An Unforgettable Experience
C．With Ears Wide Open
D．About Mother’s Love
解析： 选C。标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了作者的视力出现了问题，母亲读书给作者听，作者的听力帮助作者“看”。故选C。
Ⅱ.短文改错
It’s been a long time since I do something good for the environment.Feel responsible to protect the environment, I decided to take action again.I told my idea with my friends and we planned to plant the trees on the hill in the rural area of the city.
We came to the foot of the hill and selected a place where looked suitable and settled down.We spend a few hours digging holes and placing the young seedlings (幼苗)．Then we wrote our wishes on cards one to one and buried it deep down the roots of the trees.We also took numerous pictures.We were such busy that we didn’t realize it was time to go back.I felt really glad that we made difference to the environment.
答案：
It’s been a long time since I something good for the environment. responsible to protect the environment, I decided to take action again.I told my idea my friends and we planned to plant trees on the hill in the rural area of the city.
We came to the foot of the hill and selected a place looked suitable and settled down.We a few hours digging holes and placing the young seedlings (幼苗)．Then we wrote our wishes on cards one one and buried deep down the roots of the trees.We also took numerous pictures.We were busy that we didn’t realize it was time to go back.I felt really glad that we made difference to the environment.
课件39张PPT。Section Ⅳ Grammar & WritingUnit 7 The sea关系副词引导定语从句
当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，通常要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词有where，when，why等。
一、关系副词where
1．where引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如place，room，house，spot，school，country等)，在从句中作地点状语。
They went into the hall where the meeting was being held.他们走进正在开会的大厅。2．where可以引导非限制性定语从句。
Galileo lived in the city of Pisa，where there is a leaning tower about 180 feet high.
伽利略住在比萨城，那里有座大约180英尺高的斜塔。
3．关系副词where常可用“介词＋关系代词”构成的表示地点的介词短语代替。
The office where (at which) he works is not far from here.他工作的办公室离这儿不远。
Japan is the place where (in which) earthquakes frequently happen.日本是地震频繁爆发的地方。
[温馨提示] where引导定语从句和状语从句的区别：
引导定语从句时，where是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语，其前有表示地点的名词作先行词，从句修饰先行词；引导状语从句时，where是从属连词，从句修饰主句的谓语动词，where前面没有表示地点的名词。
He’s got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane.(定语从句)
他使自己陷入了一种危险的情况，他很可能会失去对飞机的控制。
When you read the book，you’d better make a mark where you have questions.(状语从句)
读这本书的时候，你最好在有疑问的地方做一下标记。二、关系副词when
1．when引导定语从句时，先行词往往是表示时间的名词(如time，day，week，month，year等)，在从句中作时间状语。
He came at a time when I least expected him.
他在我最意料不到的时候来了。
I’ll never forget the day when I left for college with my father.我永远不会忘记我和父亲动身去大学的那天。2．when可以引导非限制性定语从句。
In the old days，when I was a little boy，the city had no industry to speak of.
在过去，那时我还小，这个城市没有工业可言。
3．关系副词when有时可用“介词＋关系代词”代替。
I still remember the day when(on which)I joined the Youth League.我仍然记得我加入共青团的那一天。
三、关系副词why
1．why引导定语从句时，先行词往往是表示原因的词(如reason，explanation，excuse等)，在从句中作原因状语。
Do you know the reason why she burst into tears?
你知道她突然大哭的原因吗？
This is the explanation why he changed the plan.
这是他改变计划的解释。
2．关系副词why有时可用“介词＋关系代词”代替。
The reason why (for which) he succeeded in the exam is that he worked very hard.
他这次考试成功的原因是他学习非常努力。四、关系代词和关系副词的选择
当先行词是表示时间的time，day等或表示地点的place，house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构。如果缺少主语或宾语，应用关系代词that或which，如果缺少时间状语或地点状语，应用关系副词when或where。
I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together.(which/that作spent的宾语)
我永远忘不了我们一起度过的日子。His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts.(which/that在从句中作主语)
他父亲在一家生产无线电零件的工厂里工作。
The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.(where在从句中作地点状语)
我十年前住的房子已经被推倒了。形容词与副词的比较级
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级是高考必考的语法项目，必须熟练掌握其用法。对于形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法应注意以下具体问题：
1．表示倍数几个句型
(1)倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as...
(2)倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than...
(3)倍数＋the＋性质名词＋of...
(4)The＋名词＋be＋倍数＋what从句(5)The＋名词＋be＋倍数＋that/those of...
At a rough estimate，Nigeria is three times the size of Great Britain.
＝At a rough estimate，Nigeria is three times as big as Great Britain.
＝At a rough estimate，Nigeria is twice bigger than Great Britain.
粗略估算，尼日利亚的面积是大不列颠的3倍。
The output of this year is 3 times that of 2014.
＝The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2014.
今年的产量是2014年的三倍。2．同级的比较用as...as，the same...as，such...as引导。
Mr.Li is as good a teacher as Mr.Zhou；both of them are deeply loved by their students.李老师与周老师一样慈祥，他们都被他们的学生所深深爱戴。
3．与比较级有关的结构及运用
(1)more and more意为“越来越……”，其后接名词(不可数名词或可数名词复数均可)，也可修饰形容词、副词、介词短语、动词等。
More and more people are concerning themselves with environmental problems.越来越多的人关心环境问题。(2)the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..表示“越……，就越……”。
The harder you work，the more progress you will make.
你越努力，取得的进步就越大。
(3)否定＋比较级＝最高级
He has never spent a more worrying day.
他过了最担心的一天。
(4)“no＋比较级＋than”结构
“no＋比较级＋than”结构通常不是表示一般意义的否定，而是表示对两个待比较的对象同时进行否定，通常可理解为“与……一样不……”。
You are no more careful than he is.
你和他一样不仔细。4．比较级的修饰语常见的有：
(1)rather，much，still，even，far，any(常用于否定句或疑问句)，a lot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit等。
(2)还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。
(3)修饰最高级的有by far，nearly，almost，by no means等。
The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.现在正在修建的这座桥是迄今为止跨越黄河的最长的桥。
(3)注意比较结构中的省略现象。
在日常交际中，彼此都明白的比较对象往往省略。
—What do you think of the film?
——你认为这部电影怎么样？
—I have never seen a better one.(后边省略了than the film)——我从没有看过更好的一部。
Tom’s composition，if not better(后边省略了than Jack’s)，is at least as good as Jack’s.汤姆的作文,如果不比杰克的好,至少跟他的一样好。
这种省略现象给考生正确判断造成一定的障碍，在高考中出现频率较高，应引起足够的重视。Ⅰ.句型转换
1．The school where his sister works is a key school in Hebei Province.
→The school ________________________ is a key school in Hebei Province.
2．There was a time，when there were no radios，telephones or TV sets here.
→There was a time，__________________________________________________，
telephones or TV sets here.at which his sister worksduring which time there were no radios3．Have you ever been to the house where Lu Xun once lived?
→Have you ever been to the house____________________________________？
4．This is the reason why the computer cannot entirely replace man.
→This is the reason______________________________________________．in which Lu Xun once livedfor which the computer cannot entirely replace man5．I was born on Oct.1st，when our nation was set up.
→I was born on Oct.1st，________________________________.
6．This story is more interesting than that one.
→That story isn’t_______________________this one.
→That story is____________________than this one.
on which our nation was set upas interesting asless interesting7．The weather in Shandong is cold，and it’s much colder in Harbin.
→The weather in Harbin is____________________than________of Shandong.
8．If you study harder，you will get better grades.
→____________________you study，____________________grades you will get.
9．The river is three times as wide as that one.
→The river is____________________than that one.
10．He works hardest in his class.
→He works ______________________________ in his class.much colderthatThe harderthe bettertwice widerharder than the othersⅡ.用形容词或副词的适当形式填空
1．There are____________ (many)new beautiful spots here than in other cities of China.
2．This lesson is____________ (easy) than the last one.
3．Of the two girls I’m teaching，I find Nancy the ________________ (clever)．
4．Gold is____________ (little)useful than iron.
5．My sister is two years ____________ (old)than I.
6．He is as ____________ (strong) as a horse.moreeasierclevererlessolderstrong7．The boy runs almost as ____________ (quickly) as his teacher.
8．He could drive as ____________ (carefully) as his father.
9．This article is slightly (稍微的) ____________ (well) organized than that one.
10．We all love ourselves ____________ (much)and hate ourselves ____________ (little)than we ought.quicklycarefullybettermoreless如何写调查报告(Ⅰ)
?
写法指导
一、概述
调查报告是针对某一现象、某一事件或某一问题进行深入细致的调查，对获得材料进行认真分析研究，发现本质特征和基本规律之后写成的书面报告。在英语书面表达训练中，我们经常会遇到这一类写作题，要求同学们根据调查结果，对某种现象进行分析并谈谈自己的看法，写一份调查报告。二、具体写作步骤和写作方法
写调查报告要写明调查的原因、调查过程、调查结果以及你得出的结论。一般而言，写调查报告时要从以下几个方面进行分析和写作：
首先，根据题目中所给的现象和问题做一些客观的介绍，通常使用的时态是一般现在时。这类题目一般会给出一个图
表，列举一些数据或一些事实。我们首先要描述这个图表中的信息。常见的写作方法有：
(1)按调查的先后顺序逐点写；
(2)按事物发展的阶段来写；(3)将两种事物进行对比，以显示其是非、优劣，找出其差异来写；
(4)按调查对象的特点分门别类来写。
其次，分析这些数据或事实反映出的问题。这部分不是调查报告的主体，通常用一两句话阐述就可以。但要做到“一针见血”，即观点提炼准确、鲜明。
最后，通常在文章的最后一段阐述作者个人的看法和建议。
常用句式
1．According to a survey...
2．I’ve made a survey and find that...
3．A recent study shows that...
4．As far as I know...
5．Some...while some...
6．I think...
7．In my opinion...
8．I hope...
9．I advise that…写作要求
我们是寄宿制学校，大部分学生住校，也有一部分学生选择走读。我校开展了一次问卷调查，主题为“我们是否应该住校？”
下表是本次调查的结果，请你就此结果用英语写一篇调查报告，并适当阐述自己的观点。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．文章的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Recently，a survey has been made in our school on whether we students should live on campus in a boarding school.The opinions are divided.______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
审题谋篇
词句推敲
1．词汇
①支持 ____________________
②在上学路上 ____________________
③有助于 ____________________
④与别人交流少 ____________________________
⑤……有必要 ____________________in favor ofon the way to school contribute tocommunicate less with othersit’s necessary to...2．句式
①百分之七十支持这个观点。住校有助于形成好的学习和生活习惯。
一般表达：70% of us are in favor of it.Living on campus can help develop a good habit of studying and living.
高级表达：(用as引导原因状语从句改写上面句子)
_____________________________________________________
____________________________________________________70% of us are in favor of it as living on campus can help
develop a good habit of studying and living.②再者，他们可以向老师咨询，和同学讨论，这有助于他们提高。
一般表达：What’s more，they can consult teachers and discuss with classmates and it will contribute to their improvement.
高级表达：(用which引导定语从句改写上面句子)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________What’s more，they can consult teachers and discuss with classmates，which will contribute to their improvement.③没有父母陪伴，他们之间交流更少。
一般表达：If parents accompany them less，they communicate less with them.
高级表达：(用without作状语改写句子)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Without parents accompanying，they communicate less with them.妙笔成篇
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________Recently，a survey has been made in our school on whether we students should live on campus in a boarding school.The opinions are divided.
70% of us are in favor of it as living on campus can help develop a good habit of studying and living.Besides，they can spend less time on the way to school and home.What’s more，they can consult teachers and discuss with classmates，which will contribute to their improvement.
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________However，30% of them are against it for the reasons below：First，the school canteen can’t meet the various needs of students.Second，if they live on campus，they will have little chance to get in touch with society.Last，without parents accompanying，they communicate less with them.
Personally，I think it’s necessary to live on campus because we can live，study and play together happily.本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放Section Ⅳ Grammar & Writing
关系副词引导定语从句
当先行词在定语从句中作状语时，通常要用关系副词引导定语从句。常用的关系副词有where，when，why等。
一、关系副词where
1．where引导的定语从句的先行词往往是表示地点的名词(如place，room，house，spot，school，country等)，在从句中作地点状语。
They went into the hall where the meeting was being held.他们走进正在开会的大厅。
2．where可以引导非限制性定语从句。
Galileo lived in the city of Pisa，where there is a leaning tower about 180 feet high.
伽利略住在比萨城，那里有座大约180英尺高的斜塔。
3．关系副词where常可用“介词＋关系代词”构成的表示地点的介词短语代替。
The office where (at which) he works is not far from here.他工作的办公室离这儿不远。
Japan is the place where (in which) earthquakes frequently happen.日本是地震频繁爆发的地方。
[温馨提示] where引导定语从句和状语从句的区别：
引导定语从句时，where是关系副词，在从句中作地点状语，其前有表示地点的名词作先行词，从句修饰先行词；引导状语从句时，where是从属连词，从句修饰主句的谓语动词，where前面没有表示地点的名词。
He’s got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane.(定语从句)
他使自己陷入了一种危险的情况，他很可能会失去对飞机的控制。
When you read the book，you’d better make a mark where you have questions.(状语从句)
读这本书的时候，你最好在有疑问的地方做一下标记。
二、关系副词when
1．when引导定语从句时，先行词往往是表示时间的名词(如time，day，week，month，year等)，在从句中作时间状语。
He came at a time when I least expected him.
他在我最意料不到的时候来了。
I’ll never forget the day when I left for college with my father.我永远不会忘记我和父亲动身去大学的那天。
2．when可以引导非限制性定语从句。
In the old days，when I was a little boy，the city had no industry to speak of.
在过去，那时我还小，这个城市没有工业可言。
3．关系副词when有时可用“介词＋关系代词”代替。
I still remember the day when(on which)I joined the Youth League.我仍然记得我加入共青团的那一天。
三、关系副词why
1．why引导定语从句时，先行词往往是表示原因的词(如reason，explanation，excuse等)，在从句中作原因状语。
Do you know the reason why she burst into tears?
你知道她突然大哭的原因吗？
This is the explanation why he changed the plan.
这是他改变计划的解释。
2．关系副词why有时可用“介词＋关系代词”代替。
The reason why (for which) he succeeded in the exam is that he worked very hard.
他这次考试成功的原因是他学习非常努力。
四、关系代词和关系副词的选择
当先行词是表示时间的time，day等或表示地点的place，house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构。如果缺少主语或宾语，应用关系代词that或which，如果缺少时间状语或地点状语，应用关系副词when或where。
I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together.(which/that作spent的宾语)
我永远忘不了我们一起度过的日子。
His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts.(which/that在从句中作主语)
他父亲在一家生产无线电零件的工厂里工作。
The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.(where在从句中作地点状语)
我十年前住的房子已经被推倒了。
形容词与副词的比较级
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级是高考必考的语法项目，必须熟练掌握其用法。对于形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法应注意以下具体问题：
1．表示倍数几个句型
(1)倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as...
(2)倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than...
(3)倍数＋the＋性质名词＋of...
(4)The＋名词＋be＋倍数＋what从句
(5)The＋名词＋be＋倍数＋that/those of...
At a rough estimate，Nigeria is three times the size of Great Britain.
＝At a rough estimate，Nigeria is three times as big as Great Britain.
＝At a rough estimate，Nigeria is twice bigger than Great Britain.
粗略估算，尼日利亚的面积是大不列颠的3倍。
The output of this year is 3 times that of 2014.
＝The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2014.
今年的产量是2014年的三倍。
2．同级的比较用as...as，the same...as，such...as引导。
Mr.Li is as good a teacher as Mr.Zhou；both of them are deeply loved by their students.李老师与周老师一样慈祥，他们都被他们的学生所深深爱戴。
3．与比较级有关的结构及运用
(1)more and more意为“越来越……”，其后接名词(不可数名词或可数名词复数均可)，也可修饰形容词、副词、介词短语、动词等。
More and more people are concerning themselves with environmental problems.越来越多的人关心环境问题。
(2)the＋比较级．..，the＋比较级．..表示“越……，就越……”。
The harder you work，the more progress you will make.
你越努力，取得的进步就越大。
(3)否定＋比较级＝最高级
He has never spent a more worrying day.
他过了最担心的一天。
(4)“no＋比较级＋than”结构
“no＋比较级＋than”结构通常不是表示一般意义的否定，而是表示对两个待比较的对象同时进行否定，通常可理解为“与……一样不……”。
You are no more careful than he is.
你和他一样不仔细。
4．比较级的修饰语常见的有：
(1)rather，much，still，even，far，any(常用于否定句或疑问句)，a lot，a little，a great deal，by far，a bit等。
(2)还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。
(3)修饰最高级的有by far，nearly，almost，by no means等。
The bridge being built now is by far the longest across the Yellow River.现在正在修建的这座桥是迄今为止跨越黄河的最长的桥。
[温馨提示] (1)比较的对象应该相同。
The weather here is colder than that of Beijing.
这里的天气比北京的天气冷。
(2)比较的对象不能相互包含，常见的句型是：
比较级＋than＋
The Mississippi River is longer than any other river in the United States.密西西比河比美国其他任何一条河都长。
China is larger than
(3)注意比较结构中的省略现象。
在日常交际中，彼此都明白的比较对象往往省略。
—What do you think of the film?
——你认为这部电影怎么样？
—I have never seen a better one.(后边省略了than the film)——我从没有看过更好的一部。
Tom’s composition，if not better(后边省略了than Jack’s)，is at least as good as Jack’s.汤姆的作文，如果不比杰克的好，至少跟他的一样好。
这种省略现象给考生正确判断造成一定的障碍，在高考中出现频率较高，应引起足够的重视。
Ⅰ.句型转换
1．The school where his sister works is a key school in Hebei Province.
→The school________________________is a key school in Hebei Province.
2．There was a time，when there were no radios，telephones or TV sets here.
→There was a time，________________________________________________________________________，
telephones or TV sets here.
3．Have you ever been to the house where Lu Xun once lived?
→Have you ever been to the house________________________________________________________________________
________？
4．This is the reason why the computer cannot entirely replace man.
→This is the reason________________________________________________________________________
________．
5．I was born on Oct.1st，when our nation was set up.
→I was born on Oct.1st，________________________________________________________________________.
6．This story is more interesting than that one.
→That story isn’t________________________________________________________________________
this one.
→That story is____________________than this one.
7．The weather in Shandong is cold，and it’s much colder in Harbin.
→The weather in Harbin is____________________than________of Shandong.
8．If you study harder，you will get better grades.
→____________________you study，____________________grades you will get.
9．The river is three times as wide as that one.
→The river is____________________than that one.
10．He works hardest in his class.
→He works________________________________________in his class.
答案：1.at which his sister works 2.during which time there were no radios 3.in which Lu Xun once lived 4.for which the computer cannot entirely replace man 5.on which our nation was set up 6.as interesting as；less interesting 7.much colder；that 8.The harder；the better
9．twice wider 10.harder than the others
Ⅱ.用形容词或副词的适当形式填空
1．There are____________ (many)new beautiful spots here than in other cities of China.
2．This lesson is____________ (easy) than the last one.
3．Of the two girls I’m teaching，I find Nancy the ____________ (clever)．
4．Gold is____________ (little)useful than iron.
5．My sister is two years ____________ (old)than I.
6．He is as ____________ (strong) as a horse.
7．The boy runs almost as ____________ (quickly) as his teacher.
8．He could drive as ____________ (carefully) as his father.
9．This article is slightly (稍微的) ____________ (well) organized than that one.
10．We all love ourselves ____________ (much)and hate ourselves ____________ (little)than we ought.
答案：1.more 2.easier 3.cleverer 4.less 5.older 6．strong 7.quickly 8.carefully 9.better 10.more；less
如何写调查报告(Ⅰ)
写法指导
一、概述
调查报告是针对某一现象、某一事件或某一问题进行深入细致的调查，对获得材料进行认真分析研究，发现本质特征和基本规律之后写成的书面报告。在英语书面表达训练中，我们经常会遇到这一类写作题，要求同学们根据调查结果，对某种现象进行分析并谈谈自己的看法，写一份调查报告。
二、具体写作步骤和写作方法
写调查报告要写明调查的原因、调查过程、调查结果以及你得出的结论。一般而言，写调查报告时要从以下几个方面进行分析和写作：
首先，根据题目中所给的现象和问题做一些客观的介绍，通常使用的时态是一般现在时。这类题目一般会给出一个图表，列举一些数据或一些事实。我们首先要描述这个图表中的信息。常见的写作方法有：
(1)按调查的先后顺序逐点写；
(2)按事物发展的阶段来写；
(3)将两种事物进行对比，以显示其是非、优劣，找出其差异来写；
(4)按调查对象的特点分门别类来写。
其次，分析这些数据或事实反映出的问题。这部分不是调查报告的主体，通常用一两句话阐述就可以。但要做到“一针见血”，即观点提炼准确、鲜明。
最后，通常在文章的最后一段阐述作者个人的看法和建议。
常用句式
1．According to a survey...
2．I’ve made a survey and find that...
3．A recent study shows that...
4．As far as I know...
5．Some...while some...
6．I think...
7．In my opinion...
8．I hope...
9．I advise that...
写作要求
我们是寄宿制学校，大部分学生住校，也有一部分学生选择走读。我校开展了一次问卷调查，主题为“我们是否应该住校？”
下表是本次调查的结果，请你就此结果用英语写一篇调查报告，并适当阐述自己的观点。
70%的同学赞成住校
30%的同学反对住校
1.有利于培养我们良好的学习和生活习惯；
2.节约了时间；
3.可与老师及同学充分交流，有利于共同进步。
1.学校餐厅无法满足多样需求；
2.学生住校不利于了解外界信息；
3.和家人交流少。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2．文章的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Recently，a survey has been made in our school on whether we students should live on campus in a boarding school.The opinions are divided.________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
审题谋篇
项目
结论
体裁
调查报告
话题
是否应该住校
时态
一般现在时为主
人称
第三人称为主
词句推敲
1．词汇
①支持 ____________________
②在上学路上 ____________________
③有助于 ____________________
④与别人交流少 ____________________
⑤……有必要 ____________________
答案：①in favor of ②on the way to school ③contribute to ④communicate less with others ⑤it’s necessary to...
2．句式
①百分之七十支持这个观点。住校有助于形成好的学习和生活习惯。
一般表达：70% of us are in favor of it.Living on campus can help develop a good habit of studying and living.
高级表达：(用as引导原因状语从句改写上面句子)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
②再者，他们可以向老师咨询，和同学讨论，这有助于他们提高。
一般表达：What’s more，they can consult teachers and discuss with classmates and it will contribute to their improvement.
高级表达：(用which引导定语从句改写上面句子)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
③没有父母陪伴，他们之间交流更少。
一般表达：If parents accompany them less，they communicate less with them.
高级表达：(用without作状语改写句子)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
答案：①70% of us are in favor of it as living on campus can help develop a good habit of studying and living.
②What’s more，they can consult teachers and discuss with classmates，which will contribute to their improvement.
③Without parents accompanying，they communicate less with them.
妙笔成篇
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Recently，a_survey_has_been_made_in_our_school_on_whether_we_students_should_live_on_campus_in_a_boarding_school.The_opinions_are_divided.
70% of us are in favor of it as living on campus can help develop a good habit of studying and living.Besides，they can spend less time on the way to school and home.What’s more，they can consult teachers and discuss with classmates，which will contribute to their improvement.
However，30% of them are against it for the reasons below：First，the school canteen can’t meet the various needs of students.Second，if they live on campus，they will have little chance to get in touch with society.Last，without parents accompanying，they communicate less with them.
Personally，I think it’s necessary to live on campus because we can live，study and play together happily.
课时作业4 (A卷)
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．The teacher from ____________ I learnt most was Mrs.Zhu.
2．What’s the name of the sport ____________ which you go in a boat?
3．Mathematics is the subject ____________ I am most interested.
4．This is the question ____________ we have had a discussion.
5．This is the house ____________ I was born.
6．This hall is five times ____________(big) than our classroom.
7．He doesn’t study as ____________(hard) as his brother.
8．The ____________(hot) the air is, the more quickly it will rise.
9．The book is no ____________(heavy) than one half a kilo.
10．This book is ____________(difficult) than any other one here.
答案：1.whom 2.for 3.in which 4.about which 5.in which 6.bigger 7.hard 8.hotter 9.heavier 10．more difficult
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
“The noise made by boats of whale watching tourists may be causing communication problems for the animals.”British researchers said last week.
Whale watching is a popular tourist activity in places where groups of killer whales(虎鲸)live.Every day，dozens of boats filled with tourists go to watch the beautiful animals.Unfortunately，the engines of the boats make a lot of noise，and that may be causing problems for the whales，according to a report in the US science magazine Nature.
The whales travel in groups，and communicate with each other through sonic(声波的)calls that some scientists refer to as singing.The sounds of the boat engines may be creating too much background noise for the whales to be able to hear each other.
The researchers listened to recordings of whale calls made between 15 and 25 years ago，before whale watching became popular.These were compared to more recent recordings.
They found that the animals have started to sing for longer than they used to，like a person shouting to a friend across a noisy room.
It is believed that the whales are trying to communicate hunting or breeding information.Scientists said that，if this is prevented，the future of the world’s whale population could be in danger.
“Animals become slow in mind and repeat themselves in noisy areas，”said Volker Deecke，a Canadian biologist.“They have to say things twice or three times in order to be understood.”
The killer whales studied were living off the coast of northwestern America.The number of killer whales in this area has been falling for several years，but scientists are not sure why.
1．What does the underlined word“breeding” in Paragraph 6 mean?
A．Singing to others.
B．Producing young.
C．Caring about the old.
D．Hunting for food.
解析：选B。词义理解题。由第六段第二句可知，科学家说如果这件事情被阻止的话，世界上鲸的数量将处于危险中，因此推断breeding指的是“繁殖”。
2．The passage mainly tells us________．
A．the problems of whale watching
B．how killer whales communicate with each other
C．the reduced population of killer whales caused by whale watching
D．hearing problems of the killer whales caused by whale watching
解析：选D。主旨大意题。文章讲述了观鲸船的噪音给虎鲸的信息交流造成了麻烦。
3．Now in a noisy background，the killer whales have to________．
A．sing in a louder voice
B．sing longer
C．travel in smaller groups
D．get nearer to each other
解析：选B。细节理解题。由第五段可知，因为受噪音干扰，现在虎鲸“唱”的时间比原来长。
4．From the passage，we can feel that the author is________．
A．angry B．hopeful
C．worried D．disappointed
解析：选C。推理判断题。文章介绍观鲸船的噪音给虎鲸的交流造成了困难，而且虎鲸数量在下降，科学家也不明白其中原因，因此显然作者对此感到“担忧”。
B
Almost everyone likes to eat apples.Apples grow in nearly every part of the world.The United States produces more apples than any other country except France.The states of Washington and New York grow the most apples.Perhaps this is why “New York” is often called “Big Apple” by some people.New York is on the east coast and Washington is on the west near Canada.
Apples are red, yellow or green.They are very popular in the United States.Many_people_like_to_carry_apples_to_work_or_to_school_to_eat_with_their_lunches.Most American people are often too busy or too tired to cook dinner, so they often have their dinners very simply.Apple juice is also a popular drink and apple pie is the favorite sweet dish for many Americans.
The state of Washington is proud of its apples.The trees there produce nearly five billion apples every year—one apple for every man, woman and child in the whole world.
There are many stories and sayings about apples.For example, “You are the apple of my eye.” means “You are actually the one I love best and care most.” In China, it is a custom in some places for the marrying couple to hold an apple in each one’s hand, promising that their marriage will be “safe” without anything bad and that their marriage will never be broken.“To apple polish” often refers to a man who fawns (奉承) on somebody for the purpose of getting some benefits.So you can easily get “apple polisher”．While “in apple-pie order” usually has the same meaning as “in good order”．It is likely that you hear about “compare apples and oranges”．In fact, it’s another saying about “compare two things that can’t be compared”．
【解题导语】 本文主要叙述了美国人喜欢吃苹果，以及和苹果有关的一些习语。
5．What can we know from the underlined sentence?
A．American apples taste good.
B．We can see apples everywhere in America.
C．Americans like to eat apples.
D．Americans regard apples as their best food.
解析：选C。句意理解题。根据划线句子可推知他们工作或上学午餐都吃苹果，由此可知美国人非常喜欢吃苹果。
6．From this passage, we know________．
A．France produces the most apples in the world
B．there are more apples in America than in France
C．the apples in France are better than those in America
D．apple trees are not easy to grow in New York
解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第一段中的The United States produces more apples than any other country except France.一句可知选A。
7．Why do the marrying couple hold an apple in each one’s hand in some places of China?
A．Because they like the sweet taste of apples.
B．Because the Chinese apples are wonderful.
C．Because people in China have no opinions of their own.
D．Because it stands for “happiness of marriage”．
解析：选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的promising that their marriage will be “safe” without anything bad and that their marriage will never be broken.一句可知选D。
8．If you are satisfied with the order of something, you will use the following phrase “________”．
A．Apple of one’s eye
B．To apple polish
C．In apple-pie order
D．The big apple
解析：选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的While “in apple-pie order” usually has the same meaning as “in good order”．一句可知C正确。
课时作业4 (B卷)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Nearly all the tourists who come to southeast France make a tour to Monaco(摩纳哥)，too.Lying near the French－Italian border，Monaco is not part of France，but a separate principality(公国)，though it is surrounded by its greatest neighbour.
Monaco became a principality in the 16th century after being owned by a family member of a certain Italian king.The French and Italians，however，soon came to “protect” it one after another，until 1861，when it became its own master again.
Facing the blue Mediterranean(地中海)，Monaco is mainly made up of two cities，Monaco，where the palace of the prince(王子)stands，and Monte Carlo(蒙特卡洛)，which is a wonderful place for tourists.Every year，around half a million people from all parts of the world come to Monaco，nearly 25 times as much as its population.
Believe it or not，Monaco has no soldiers or policemen of its own.Law and order is kept by French police，and French stands for it in its foreign affairs，even the money used in Monaco is franc，too.
1．Monaco is ________．
A．another name for Monte Carlo
B．mostly visited by French tourists
C．surrounded by France
D．more related to Italy than to France
解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段though it is surrounded by its greatest neighbour可知C为正确选项。
2．Monaco has a population of ________．
A．over 20，000
B．20，000 or so
C．more than 25，000
D．no more than 20，000
解析：选A。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Every year，around half a million people from all parts of the world come to Monaco，nearly 25 times as much as its population可知A为正确选项。
3．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．The national income of Monaco depends mainly on France.
B．Monaco is famous for having no soldiers or policemen of its own.
C．Monaco does not have a seat in the UN because it is too small a country.
D．Monte Carlo City seems more important for the existence of this principality.
解析：选B。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Believe it or not，Monaco has no soldiers or policemen of its own.可知B正确。
4．The Head of Monaco is ________．
A．the King
B．the President of France
C．a member of the Royal family(王室)
D．the Emperor
解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段Monaco became a principality in the 16th century after being owned by a family member of a certain Italian king.可知摩纳哥由皇室的成员统治着。故选C。
B
Our listener question this week comes from Iraqi Kurdistan.Farman Salih wants to know about the men whose pictures are on American paper money and why they were important.
The picture of George Washington is on the one-dollar bill.He served as America’s first president from 1789 to 1797，President Washington has been called the “Father of his Country”．
The third president of the United States，Thomas Jefferson，is on the two-dollar bill.He was the main writer of the Declaration of Independence in 1776.Jefferson was one of the most influential of the nation’s Founding Fathers.He was also a plant expert，an architect，a musician and an inventor.
Another of America’s greatest presidents，Abraham Lincoln，is on the five-dollar bill.He served as the sixteenth president from 1861 until 1865.He successfully led the country through the Civil War，saved the Union and ended slavery.
The picture of Alexander Hamilton appears on the ten-dollar bill.Hamilton was never a president.But he was the first Secretary of the Treasury and one of the Founding Fathers.He was also an economist and political philosopher.
Andrew Jackson was the seventh president，serving from 1829 to 1837.He supported popular democracy and individual liberty.His picture is on the twenty-dollar bill.
Well，let’s have a rest and enjoy a song.Stay with us and you’ll learn more about American money.
【解题导语】 美元大钞上印着谁的头像？本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美元大钞上的名人。
5．What’s the best title of this passage?
A．Who Are the Men on the Money?
B．Who Is the Best President of the USA?
C．How Can You Tell the Real Money?
D．How Is the Money Made?
解析：选A。标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了美国大钞上的伟大人物。
6．According to the passage，which of the presidents likes music?
A．George Washington.
B．Thomas Jefferson.
C．Abraham Lincoln.
D．Alexander Hamilton.
解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句He was also...a musician...可知他也是植物专家、设计师、音乐家和发明家，故B为正确选项。
7．All the men on the money mentioned in the passage were presidents EXCEPT ________．
A．George Washington
B．Thomas Jefferson
C．Abraham Lincoln
D．Alexander Hamilton
解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第五段的Hamilton was never a president.可知选D。第二段提到了George Washington，第三段提到了Thomas Jefferson，第四段提到了Abraham Lincoln，他们均曾是美国总统。
8．Where is the passage probably chosen from?
A．A magazine.
B．A newspaper.
C．Radio.
D．TV.
解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文章第一句话中的“听众”推知C为正确选项。
Ⅱ.书面表达
受某英文报委托，你最近对高中生的英语阅读兴趣做了一次调查。请根据以下信息，用英语为该报写一篇100词左右的短文。
调查内容
在新闻、故事、科普、学习方法四种英语文章中，学生最喜欢哪一种
调查范围
湖北省的10所中学
调查对象
高中生
调查人数
1 000
调查结果
新闻：53% 故事：26% 科普：14%学习方法：7%
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Reading Interests of Senior High School Students
Recently a survey has been done to find out the reading interests of senior high school students.In this survey，one thousand senior high school students from ten schools in Hubei Province were interviewed.They were asked which they liked reading most among the four categories of English articles：news，stories，popular science articles and articles about learning methods.
The survey shows that more than half of the students like to read news most.Twenty-six percent of the students say that English stories are their favorite.Only seven percent of the students are most interested in reading articles about learning methods.However，the number of students who enjoy reading popular science articles doubles that of those who prefer reading articles about learning methods.
, [学生用书单独成册])
课时作业4 (A卷)
Ⅰ.品句填词
1．The teacher from ____________ I learnt most was Mrs.Zhu.
2．What’s the name of the sport ____________ which you go in a boat?
3．Mathematics is the subject ____________ I am most interested.
4．This is the question ____________ we have had a discussion.
5．This is the house ____________ I was born.
6．This hall is five times ____________(big) than our classroom.
7．He doesn’t study as ____________(hard) as his brother.
8．The ____________(hot) the air is, the more quickly it will rise.
9．The book is no ____________(heavy) than one half a kilo.
10．This book is ____________(difficult) than any other one here.
答案：1.whom 2.for 3.in which 4.about which 5.in which 6.bigger 7.hard 8.hotter 9.heavier
10．more difficult
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
“The noise made by boats of whale watching tourists may be causing communication problems for the animals.”British researchers said last week.
Whale watching is a popular tourist activity in places where groups of killer whales(虎鲸)live.Every day，dozens of boats filled with tourists go to watch the beautiful animals.Unfortunately，the engines of the boats make a lot of noise，and that may be causing problems for the whales，according to a report in the US science magazine Nature.
The whales travel in groups，and communicate with each other through sonic(声波的)calls that some scientists refer to as singing.The sounds of the boat engines may be creating too much background noise for the whales to be able to hear each other.
The researchers listened to recordings of whale calls made between 15 and 25 years ago，before whale watching became popular.These were compared to more recent recordings.
They found that the animals have started to sing for longer than they used to，like a person shouting to a friend across a noisy room.
It is believed that the whales are trying to communicate hunting or breeding information.Scientists said that，if this is prevented，the future of the world’s whale population could be in danger.
“Animals become slow in mind and repeat themselves in noisy areas，”said Volker Deecke，a Canadian biologist.“They have to say things twice or three times in order to be understood.”
The killer whales studied were living off the coast of northwestern America.The number of killer whales in this area has been falling for several years，but scientists are not sure why.
1．What does the underlined word“breeding” in Paragraph 6 mean?
A．Singing to others.
B．Producing young.
C．Caring about the old.
D．Hunting for food.
解析：选B。词义理解题。由第六段第二句可知，科学家说如果这件事情被阻止的话，世界上鲸的数量将处于危险中，因此推断breeding指的是“繁殖”。
2．The passage mainly tells us________．
A．the problems of whale watching
B．how killer whales communicate with each other
C．the reduced population of killer whales caused by whale watching
D．hearing problems of the killer whales caused by whale watching
解析：选D。主旨大意题。文章讲述了观鲸船的噪音给虎鲸的信息交流造成了麻烦。
3．Now in a noisy background，the killer whales have to________．
A．sing in a louder voice
B．sing longer
C．travel in smaller groups
D．get nearer to each other
解析：选B。细节理解题。由第五段可知，因为受噪音干扰，现在虎鲸“唱”的时间比原来长。
4．From the passage，we can feel that the author is________．
A．angry B．hopeful
C．worried D．disappointed
解析：选C。推理判断题。文章介绍观鲸船的噪音给虎鲸的交流造成了困难，而且虎鲸数量在下降，科学家也不明白其中原因，因此显然作者对此感到“担忧”。
B
Almost everyone likes to eat apples.Apples grow in nearly every part of the world.The United States produces more apples than any other country except France.The states of Washington and New York grow the most apples.Perhaps this is why “New York” is often called “Big Apple” by some people.New York is on the east coast and Washington is on the west near Canada.
Apples are red, yellow or green.They are very popular in the United States.Many_people_like_to_carry_apples_to_work_or_to_school_to_eat_with_their_lunches.Most American people are often too busy or too tired to cook dinner, so they often have their dinners very simply.Apple juice is also a popular drink and apple pie is the favorite sweet dish for many Americans.
The state of Washington is proud of its apples.The trees there produce nearly five billion apples every year—one apple for every man, woman and child in the whole world.
There are many stories and sayings about apples.For example, “You are the apple of my eye.” means “You are actually the one I love best and care most.” In China, it is a custom in some places for the marrying couple to hold an apple in each one’s hand, promising that their marriage will be “safe” without anything bad and that their marriage will never be broken.“To apple polish” often refers to a man who fawns (奉承) on somebody for the purpose of getting some benefits.So you can easily get “apple polisher”．While “in apple-pie order” usually has the same meaning as “in good order”．It is likely that you hear about “compare apples and oranges”．In fact, it’s another saying about “compare two things that can’t be compared”．
【解题导语】 本文主要叙述了美国人喜欢吃苹果，以及和苹果有关的一些习语。
5．What can we know from the underlined sentence?
A．American apples taste good.
B．We can see apples everywhere in America.
C．Americans like to eat apples.
D．Americans regard apples as their best food.
解析：选C。句意理解题。根据划线句子可推知他们工作或上学午餐都吃苹果，由此可知美国人非常喜欢吃苹果。
6．From this passage, we know________．
A．France produces the most apples in the world
B．there are more apples in America than in France
C．the apples in France are better than those in America
D．apple trees are not easy to grow in New York
解析：选A。推理判断题。根据第一段中的The United States produces more apples than any other country except France.一句可知选A。
7．Why do the marrying couple hold an apple in each one’s hand in some places of China?
A．Because they like the sweet taste of apples.
B．Because the Chinese apples are wonderful.
C．Because people in China have no opinions of their own.
D．Because it stands for “happiness of marriage”．
解析：选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的promising that their marriage will be “safe” without anything bad and that their marriage will never be broken.一句可知选D。
8．If you are satisfied with the order of something, you will use the following phrase “________”．
A．Apple of one’s eye
B．To apple polish
C．In apple-pie order
D．The big apple
解析：选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的While “in apple-pie order” usually has the same meaning as “in good order”．一句可知C正确。
课时作业4 (B卷)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Nearly all the tourists who come to southeast France make a tour to Monaco(摩纳哥)，too.Lying near the French－Italian border，Monaco is not part of France，but a separate principality(公国)，though it is surrounded by its greatest neighbour.
Monaco became a principality in the 16th century after being owned by a family member of a certain Italian king.The French and Italians，however，soon came to “protect” it one after another，until 1861，when it became its own master again.
Facing the blue Mediterranean(地中海)，Monaco is mainly made up of two cities，Monaco，where the palace of the prince(王子)stands，and Monte Carlo(蒙特卡洛)，which is a wonderful place for tourists.Every year，around half a million people from all parts of the world come to Monaco，nearly 25 times as much as its population.
Believe it or not，Monaco has no soldiers or policemen of its own.Law and order is kept by French police，and French stands for it in its foreign affairs，even the money used in Monaco is franc，too.
1．Monaco is ________．
A．another name for Monte Carlo
B．mostly visited by French tourists
C．surrounded by France
D．more related to Italy than to France
解析：选C。细节理解题。根据第一段though it is surrounded by its greatest neighbour可知C为正确选项。
2．Monaco has a population of ________．
A．over 20，000
B．20，000 or so
C．more than 25，000
D．no more than 20，000
解析：选A。细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段Every year，around half a million people from all parts of the world come to Monaco，nearly 25 times as much as its population可知A为正确选项。
3．Which of the following is TRUE?
A．The national income of Monaco depends mainly on France.
B．Monaco is famous for having no soldiers or policemen of its own.
C．Monaco does not have a seat in the UN because it is too small a country.
D．Monte Carlo City seems more important for the existence of this principality.
解析：选B。细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Believe it or not，Monaco has no soldiers or policemen of its own.可知B正确。
4．The Head of Monaco is ________．
A．the King
B．the President of France
C．a member of the Royal family(王室)
D．the Emperor
解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章第二段Monaco became a principality in the 16th century after being owned by a family member of a certain Italian king.可知摩纳哥由皇室的成员统治着。故选C。
B
Our listener question this week comes from Iraqi Kurdistan.Farman Salih wants to know about the men whose pictures are on American paper money and why they were important.
The picture of George Washington is on the one-dollar bill.He served as America’s first president from 1789 to 1797，President Washington has been called the “Father of his Country”．
The third president of the United States，Thomas Jefferson，is on the two-dollar bill.He was the main writer of the Declaration of Independence in 1776.Jefferson was one of the most influential of the nation’s Founding Fathers.He was also a plant expert，an architect，a musician and an inventor.
Another of America’s greatest presidents，Abraham Lincoln，is on the five-dollar bill.He served as the sixteenth president from 1861 until 1865.He successfully led the country through the Civil War，saved the Union and ended slavery.
The picture of Alexander Hamilton appears on the ten-dollar bill.Hamilton was never a president.But he was the first Secretary of the Treasury and one of the Founding Fathers.He was also an economist and political philosopher.
Andrew Jackson was the seventh president，serving from 1829 to 1837.He supported popular democracy and individual liberty.His picture is on the twenty-dollar bill.
Well，let’s have a rest and enjoy a song.Stay with us and you’ll learn more about American money.
【解题导语】 美元大钞上印着谁的头像？本文是一篇说明文，介绍了美元大钞上的名人。
5．What’s the best title of this passage?
A．Who Are the Men on the Money?
B．Who Is the Best President of the USA?
C．How Can You Tell the Real Money?
D．How Is the Money Made?
解析：选A。标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了美国大钞上的伟大人物。
6．According to the passage，which of the presidents likes music?
A．George Washington.
B．Thomas Jefferson.
C．Abraham Lincoln.
D．Alexander Hamilton.
解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句He was also...a musician...可知他也是植物专家、设计师、音乐家和发明家，故B为正确选项。
7．All the men on the money mentioned in the passage were presidents EXCEPT ________．
A．George Washington
B．Thomas Jefferson
C．Abraham Lincoln
D．Alexander Hamilton
解析：选D。细节理解题。根据第五段的Hamilton was never a president.可知选D。第二段提到了George Washington，第三段提到了Thomas Jefferson，第四段提到了Abraham Lincoln，他们均曾是美国总统。
8．Where is the passage probably chosen from?
A．A magazine.
B．A newspaper.
C．Radio.
D．TV.
解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文章第一句话中的“听众”推知C为正确选项。
Ⅱ.书面表达
受某英文报委托，你最近对高中生的英语阅读兴趣做了一次调查。请根据以下信息，用英语为该报写一篇100词左右的短文。
调查内容
在新闻、故事、科普、学习方法四种英语文章中，学生最喜欢哪一种
调查范围
湖北省的10所中学
调查对象
高中生
调查人数
1 000
调查结果
新闻：53% 故事：26% 科普：14%
学习方法：7%
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
One possible version：
Reading Interests of Senior High School Students
Recently a survey has been done to find out the reading interests of senior high school students.In this survey，one thousand senior high school students from ten schools in Hubei Province were interviewed.They were asked which they liked reading most among the four categories of English articles：news，stories，popular science articles and articles about learning methods.
The survey shows that more than half of the students like to read news most.Twenty-six percent of the students say that English stories are their favorite.Only seven percent of the students are most interested in reading articles about learning methods.However，the number of students who enjoy reading popular science articles doubles that of those who prefer reading articles about learning methods.
