Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking学案（含答案）
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Unit 1 Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking
【课时目标】
1.通过听和谈论世界各地不同的传统节日,提高对该话题的听力理解和口语表达水平。
2.通过分析教材,学会英语发音中的音变现象,并能灵活掌握其规则。
3.通过阅读课文,结合文本特点快速而准确地找到主题句;了解不同国家、不同民族的节日文化,梳理、分析和提炼节日的精神内涵,理解世界各国人民共同的情感和精神追求。
4.了解形式多样的中国传统节日,领悟中华民族的民族精神和民族情感,传承中华民族的文化血脉与思想精华。
【自主预习】
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会识记
1. n.魅力;迷人的特征;咒语
2. n.感激之情;感谢
3. n.(基督教的)教堂;礼拜堂
4. n.鞭炮;爆竹
5. adj.邪恶的;有害的;罪恶的n.邪恶;罪恶;恶行
6. n.媒介;手段;方法adj.中等的;中号的
7. n.一系列;范围;界限 v.包括;(在一定范围内)变化
8. n.宗教信仰;信任;相信
9. n.人物;数字;身材 v.认为;认定
10. n.收获季节;收获;收成 v.收割(庄稼); 捕猎(动物、鱼)
11. n.庄稼;作物;一季的收成
12. n.特别的事情(或仪式、庆典);(适当的)机会
13. adj.感激的;表示感谢的
14. v.以……为特色 n.特色;特征;特点
15. v.逐渐消失;(使)褪色;(身体)变得虚弱
16. adj.典型的;有代表性的;平常的
Ⅱ.拓展单词——会活用
1. n.祝贺;恭喜→ v.向(某人)道贺;(因某事)感到自豪
2. n.起源;起因;出身→ adj.原来的;起初的
3. n.宗教;宗教信仰→ adj.宗教的;笃信宗教的
4. n.高兴;喜悦→ adj.高兴的;快乐的
5. adj.农业(劳动/生产)的→ n.农业;农艺
6. v.聚集;搜集;收割;集合 → n.收集;采集;聚会
7. v.装饰;装潢→ n.装潢;装饰
8. adj.商业(化)的;以获利为目的的→ v.使商业化;利用……牟利→ n.商业化
9. adj.高兴的;满意的→ v.喜欢;使满意;使愉快→ n.快乐;高兴
10. n.摔跤运动→ v.摔跤;奋力对付→ n.摔跤运动员
11. adj.简洁的;简单的;短暂的→ adv.简要地;简短地
v.+-ion→n. n.+-al→adj.
decorate→decoration 装饰 congratulate→congratulation 祝贺 contribute→contribution 贡献 origin→original 起初的 agriculture→agricultural 农业的 nation→national 国家的;民族的
Ⅲ.重点短语——会积累
1.range from ... ...包括从……到……之间
2.fade 逐渐消失;(身体)变得虚弱
3. spite of 不管;尽管
4.except 除……之外
5.take advantage of
6.have sth in common
7.to be frank
8.go off
9.set off
Ⅳ.重点句式——会仿写
1.However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.(no matter how引导让步状语从句)
翻译 然而,在全世界所有的节日中,无论它们看起来多么不同,共享喜悦、感恩、爱或者和平的精神都是一致的。
仿写 , it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our respect.无论一份工作多么平凡,它都在社会中发挥着作用,因此值得我们尊重。
2.Today, in some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal.(动词不定式作目的状语)
翻译 如今,在一些欧洲国家,人们用鲜花和水果装饰教堂和市政大厅,然后聚在一起,一边吃饭一边庆祝。
仿写 , we must make preparations.要取得成功,我们必须做好准备。
3.Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.(with的复合结构)
翻译 由于商家利用这些庆祝活动(获利),节日正变得越来越商业化。
仿写 , we started to walk towards the forest.在这个老人的带领下,我们开始向森林走去。
【合作探究】
【听说探究】
Ⅰ.按照示例完成教材上本单元Listening and Speaking部分中的第5题
A:I think the Rio Carnival would be the most exciting.After all, as you know, I love to dance!
B:I love dancing, too, but I’m not sure I’d enjoy it in such hot weather.
A:So which festival do you like best
B:I like April Fool’s Day.On that day, people play all kinds of tricks on others, and the one easily taken in is called April fool.
A:April fool!
B:April the first is coming.Be careful!
Ⅱ.大声朗读下面的句子,注意音的同化
1.Did you enjoy the holiday
2.I was hoping to hear that you had a great time throughout.
Ⅲ.情境交际
阅读下面的对话,根据语境选择最佳选项。
Li Ming:Hello, Betty.
Betty:Hello, Li Ming.
Li Ming:Do you know the Mid-Autumn Festival
Betty:No, I don’t.1.
Li Ming:Of course.The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the most important holidays in the Chinese lunar calendar, and is a legal holiday in several countries.2.
Betty:3.
Li Ming:Traditionally, on this day, Chinese family members and friends gather to admire the bright moon, and eat mooncakes together.
Betty:Wow, that sounds great.4.
Li Ming:The Mid-Autumn Festival is on the fifteenth day of August in the Chinese lunar calendar.
A.What do the Chinese people usually do on this day
B.Could you tell me when to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival
C.Farmers celebrate the end of the summer harvesting season on this date.
D.Could you introduce the Mid-Autumn Festival to me
【语篇研读】
泛读通文意
WHY DO WE CELEBRATE FESTIVALS
Festivals are celebrated all around the world.They have a wide range of origins,such as the seasons of the year,religions, famous figures, and important events.Every festival has its different customs and unique charms. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world,the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
我们为什么庆祝节日
全世界都在庆祝各种节日。它们的由来多种多样,例如时节、宗教、著名人物及重大事件。每个节日都有其不同的习俗和独特的吸引力。然而,在全世界所有的节日中,无论它们看起来多么不同,共享喜悦、感恩、爱或者和平的精神都是一致的。
Of all the traditional festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture.This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in(1).People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food(2).In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime—the Egyptian harvest season. It featured a parade and a great feast with music,dancing, and sports. Today, in some European countries,people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal.During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China,families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.
在所有的传统节日中,庆祝收获的节日几乎在每种文化中都能找到。这一重要的农耕节日(一般)会在所有农作物收割完毕后举行。人们举行庆祝活动是为了表明他们对(土地)供应一年食物的感激。在古埃及,收获的节日通常在春季举行,春季是埃及人的收获季节。它的庆祝活动主要是游行和丰盛的筵席,载歌载舞,并伴有体育活动。如今,在一些欧洲国家,人们用鲜花和水果装饰教堂和市政大厅,然后聚在一起,一边吃饭一边庆祝。在中国,中秋节期间家庭成员团聚在一起,共赏明月,品尝美味的月饼。
(1)after引导时间状语从句。
(2)that引导宾语从句。
Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time.With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established.One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year.Nowadays,many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution.Another example is Halloween,which slowly became an exciting festival for children(3), in spite of its religious origins.
习俗在节日中起着重要的作用,但是有时它们也会随着时间而变化。随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播,有些传统可能会逐渐消失,而另外一些传统则可能得以建立。为了驱逐恶灵和庆祝新年,中国人在春节燃放鞭炮的习俗就是一个典型的例子。如今,为了避免空气污染,很多大城市已经放弃了这个习俗。另一个例子是万圣节,尽管它起源于宗教,但它慢慢地变成了一个让孩子们很兴奋的节日。
(3)which引导非限制性定语从句。
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones(4).Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised(5), others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.
Festivals are an important part of society.They reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life.They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while.They help us understand where we came from, who we are, and what to appreciate(6). And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all(7).
由于商家利用这些庆祝活动(获利),节日正变得越来越商业化。网上购物的网站和社交媒体的应用软件让公众更容易花更多的钱为所爱的人买礼物。虽然有些人认为节日不应该被商业化,但另一些人认为消费的增加对经济的发展和公众的幸福都是有好处的。
节日是社会的一个重要组成部分。它们反映了人们的愿望、信念、信仰和对生活的态度。它们是让我们放松下来、享受生活和暂时忘记工作的时刻。它们帮助我们了解我们从哪里来、我们是谁、我们应该感恩什么。如果你仔细研究各种节日,你也许会惊讶地发现:不同的文化之间实际上有许多共同之处。
(4)it作形式宾语,后面的动词不定式to spend...为真正的宾语。
(5)although引导让步状语从句。
(6)where和who都引导宾语从句,它们和and后的“疑问词+动词不定式”结构一起作understand的宾语。
(7)if引导条件状语从句;to find...为动词不定式作原因状语,其中含有一个由that引导的宾语从句。
精读育素养
背景导读,开阔视野
Ⅰ.What festivals do you celebrate with your family every year
_____________________________________________________________________
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Ⅱ.Look at the pictures, read the title, and predict what the passage is probably about.
_____________________________________________________________________
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精读文章,理解文意
Ⅰ.Read the passage and match each paragraph with its main idea.
( )1.Para.1 ( )2.Para.2
( )3.Para.3 ( )4.Para.4
( )5.Para.5
A.The role of festivals.
B.The commercialisation of festivals.
C.The change of festival customs.
D.The harvest festival.
E.The origins and spirit of festivals.
Ⅱ.Read the passage and choose the best answers.
1.What do the festivals have in common ( )
A.Sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace.
B.A wide range of the same origins.
C.The same charms.
D.Best wishes for the future.
2.How do people feel during the harvest festival ( )
A.Sorry. B.Thankful.
C.Sad. D.Unsatisfied.
3.Why may some traditions of festivals fade away ( )
A.Because they are out of date.
B.Because they are too complicated(复杂的).
C.Because of people’s lack of interest.
D.Because of the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas.
4.What can we learn from the passage ( )
A.Not all festivals have their own customs and unique charms.
B.Europeans decorate churches and town halls to celebrate all the festivals.
C.Now Chinese have given up the custom of lighting firecrackers to celebrate the new year.
D.In fact,different cultures have a lot in common when it comes to festivals.
读后思考,分析逻辑
Fill in the blanks with proper words according to the passage.
The origins of festivals Festivals have many origins.Some are 1. or religious, and some are for special people or 2. .
The spirit of festivals In all festivals,the spirit of sharing joy,gratitude,love, or 3. is common.
The harvest festival The harvest festival is found in almost every culture,and people celebrate to show that they are 4. for the year’s supply of food.
The change of festival customs Some festival customs can change over 5. .
The role of festivals Festivals reflect people’s wishes,6. ,7. , and attitudes towards life.
课文标题“WHY DO WE CELEBRATE FESTIVALS ”直接表明了文章的主旨。本文是一篇论说文,介绍了人们庆祝节日的原因。文本结构清晰,共有5个段落。第1段总述了节日是全世界普遍存在的文化现象;第2段论述了丰收节几乎存在于每一种文化之中;第3段论述了节日传统习俗会随着时间的变化而变化;第4段论述了节日正变得越来越商业化;第5段总结并论述了节日是社会生活中的重要组成部分。
思考意图,培育素养
价值观:感恩拥有的一切
本文第2段中的“People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food.”提到人们举行庆祝活动,对这一年收获的食物表达感恩。感恩是一种生活态度,是一种善于发现生活中的感动并能享受这一感动的思想境界。心中充满感恩,你会拥有善良,愿意回报,乐于助人,积极应对挫折困难。这就像在寒冬里感受到暖意,在风雨中体会到幸福。
请体会并背诵下面的句子:
1.Gratitude is a kind of force that drives us forward.感恩是一种推动我们前行的力量。
2.Gratitude is the best mindset and also the most beautiful way of life.感恩是最好的心态,也是最美好的生活方式。
3.Who says my heart like a blade of grass could repay her love’s gentle beams of spring sun 谁言寸草心,报得三春晖。
【新知探究】
dress (sb) up 穿上盛装;装扮;乔装打扮
·You do not need to dress up for dinner.你们不必盛装赴宴。
·The boys were all dressed up as pirates.这些男孩子都装扮成了海盗。
·The little boy dressed himself up as a superhero.小男孩把自己装扮成了一个超级英雄。
·dress n.衣服;连衣裙 vt.& vi.(给某人)穿衣服
dress (sb) up as...(把某人)打扮/装扮成……
dress oneself/sb 给自己/某人穿衣
·dressed adj.穿上衣服的;穿着……衣服的
be dressed in... 穿着……衣服(表示状态)
get dressed 穿上衣服
单句填空/句式升级
(1)In my city, all children played this game, and they dressed up cowboys.
(2)The girl next to you (dress) in blue.
(3)I’d like you to dress for my birthday party tonight.
(4)The students are dressed in school uniforms and are doing morning exercises on the playground.
→The students are doing morning exercises on the playground.(分词作定语)
→ , the students are doing morning exercises on the playground.(分词作状语)
congratulation n. 祝贺;恭喜
·My classmates expressed their congratulations to me on my winning the competition.我的同学们对我在比赛中获胜表示祝贺。
·To congratulate Jane on having passed the examination, we held a party to celebrate it.为了祝贺Jane通过考试,我们举行了一个聚会来庆祝这件事。
·(语境串记)Many friends came to congratulate him on his marriage, and some gave red envelopes to express their congratulations.许多朋友前来祝贺他结婚,并且有一些人给红包以表示祝贺。
·congratulations (to sb) on sth 祝贺(某人)某事
·congratulate vt.祝贺;向……道贺
congratulate sb on sth 祝贺某人某事
congratulate oneself on (doing) sth 因(做)某事为自己感到高兴/自豪
【特别提醒】
(1)congratulation用作“祝贺语;贺词”时,通常用复数形式;用作“祝贺”这一抽象意义时,通常用单数形式。
(2)congratulate后不接带动词不定式的复合结构或that从句。
—Guess what My manager offered me a promotion.你猜怎么着 我的经理给我升职了。
—Congratulations! That hardly happens.祝贺你!这种情况几乎不会发生。(2024·上海1月)
单句填空/一句多译
(1)I send you my warmest (congratulate) on your success.
(2)We congratulated him on (pass) the examination.
(3)I had hoped to send Peter a gift (congratulate) him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it.
(4)我们想对你在“汉语桥”演讲比赛中获得一等奖表示祝贺。
→We would like to your receiving first prize in the “Chinese Bridge” speech contest.(congratulation)
→We would like to your receiving first prize in the “Chinese Bridge” speech contest.(congratulate)
after all 毕竟;终究;别忘了
·(教材)After all, as you know, I love to dance!毕竟,如你所知,我喜欢跳舞!
·Don’t get discouraged by setbacks;we are new to the work after all.别因挫折而灰心,毕竟我们刚做这份工作。
·But above all, we want to spend some time with you and your family.但最重要的是,我们想和你以及你的家人聚聚。
first of all 首先;第一
above all 最重要的是;首先
not at all (别人表示谢意时)不客气;一点也不
单句写作
(1) , let me say how glad I am to be here.首先我要说的是,来到这儿,我是多么的高兴!
(2)Hollywood, , has unique glamour.最重要的是,好莱坞有着独特的魅力。
range n. 一系列;范围;界限 vi. 包括;(在一定范围内)变化
·(教材)Festivals are celebrated all around the world.They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures,and important events.全世界都在庆祝各种节日。它们的由来多种多样,例如时节、宗教、著名人物及重大事件。
·Your weight can be kept in the normal range as long as you take exercise more often.只要你多运动,你的体重就能保持在正常范围内。(主题写作之健康)
·(语境串记)The supermarket keeps a wide range of goods.Their prices range from just only a few yuan to several hundred yuan. According to their varieties, the shop assistants range them neatly on the shelves.这家超市有许多种商品。它们的价格从几元到几百元不等。根据它们的种类,售货员们把它们整齐地排列在货架上。
·a range of 一系列;各种
a wide range of 广泛的;许多
within/in range of...在……可及的范围内
out of range of...超出……的范围
·range from...to... 在……和……范围内变动;包括由……到……之间的各类事物
range between...and... 在……和……范围内变动
单句填空/单句写作
(1)The exchange program between the UK and China may affect various schools (range) from kindergarten to high school.
(2)We have range of men’s shirts on special offer.
(3)We have , such as travelling, playing football, swimming and so on.我们有很多课外活动,比如旅游、踢足球和游泳等等。(主题写作之学校生活)
figure n. 人物;身材;数字;图形 vt. 认为;认定;计算
·She keeps her figure by doing yoga,which is a popular way to keep fit.她通过做瑜伽来保持身材,做瑜伽是一种受欢迎的保持健康的方式。
·(语境串记)Being a popular public figure,she always manages to have a good figure and figures out ways to attract the attention of the public.作为一位受欢迎的公众人物,她总能保持一个好身材并且想出办法来吸引公众的注意力。
figure out 算出;想出;理解;弄明白;断定;解决
keep one’s figure 保持身材
Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach...the animals 在这背后,人们试图弄清楚我到底教谁……教动物吗 (2023·新课标Ⅱ)
写出下列句子中figure的词性和含义
(1)We’re told the figure can reach 100,000 next year.
(2)The movement is supported by key figures in the three main political parties.
(3)Most of young women want a slim figure these days.
(4)The wall was covered with figures of birds and flowers.
(5)We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait.
gather vi. 聚集;集合 vt. 聚集;搜集;收割
·(教材)This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in.这一重要的农耕节日(一般)会在所有农作物收割完毕后举行。
·During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather to share a meal, admire the moon and enjoy mooncakes.在中秋节期间,家庭成员经常聚到一起吃饭、赏月和品尝月饼。
·The whole family gathered together at Ray’s home.全家人聚集在Ray的家中。
·Children gathered around the storyteller.孩子们聚集在讲故事的人周围。
·gather round/around... 聚集在……周围
gather together 聚集在一起
gather up 收集;收拢;鼓起(勇气)
gather strength积蓄力量
·gatherer n.收集者;采集者
·gathering n.聚集;聚会;收集;采集
a social/family gathering 社交/家庭聚会
methods of information gathering信息采集的各种方法
单句填空/单句写作
(1)People (gather) round, curious to know what happened.
(2)He gathered his belongings before leaving the house.
(3)After a short break, he and continued the climb.短暂休息后,他积蓄力量继续攀登。
grateful adj. 感激的;表示感谢的
·(教材)People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food.人们举行庆祝活动是为了表明他们对(土地)供应一年食物的感激。
·I am extremely grateful to all the teachers for their help.我非常感谢所有老师的帮助。(应用文写作之感谢信)
·I would be grateful if you could send me the book immediately.如果你能马上把书寄给我,我将感激不尽。(应用文写作之咨询信)
be grateful to sb for sth 因某事感谢某人
be grateful that... 感谢……
be grateful to do sth 因做某事而心存感激
be grateful/thankful for 因……而心存感激
I would be grateful if you could/would... (尤用于书信或正式场合提出请求)如果你能……我将不胜感激。
单句填空/单句写作
(1)Don’t misunderstand me—I am grateful all you’ve done.
(2)I will be deeply grateful you for your kindness for the rest of my life.
(3)I ,who performs an important role in my life.我非常感谢我的英语老师,我的英语老师在我的人生中起着重要的作用。(应用文写作之感谢信)
decorate vt. 装饰;装潢;授予……勋章(或奖章)
·(教材)Today, in some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal.如今,在一些欧洲国家,人们用鲜花和水果装饰教堂和市政大厅,然后聚在一起,一边吃饭一边庆祝。
·People often like to decorate their windows, walls and doors with colorful paper-cutting.人们通常喜欢用彩色剪纸装饰他们的窗户、墙壁和门。(读后续写之细节描写)
·With China’s National Day around the corner, all the streets in Beijing are decorated with colorful flags, flowers and balloons.国庆节即将到来,北京的所有街道都装饰着彩旗、鲜花和气球。(主题写作之文化)
·The soldier was decorated for bravery.这名士兵因表现英勇而获得勋章。
·decorate...with... 用……装饰……
be decorated with... 装饰着……
be decorated for... 因……而获得勋章
·decorative adj.装饰性的;作装饰用的
·decoration n.装饰;装饰品
单句填空/单句写作
(1)The New Year is drawing near. Let’s go and buy some (decorate) to make our house more beautiful.
(2)The Christmas tree (decorate) with many gifts and sweets.
(3)My sister Karen and chocolate, which looked inviting.我的妹妹Karen用草莓和巧克力装饰了蛋糕,它看起来很诱人。(读后续写之细节描写)
significant adj. 有重大意义的;显著的;重要的
·(教材)Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time.习俗在节日中起着重要的作用,但是有时它们也会随着时间而变化。
·There are no significant differences between the two groups of students.这两组学生没有显著的差别。
·We should strengthen the public’s awareness that ocean resources are of great significance to us.我们应该增强公众的意识:海洋资源对我们非常重要。
·It is significant that... 很明显……;重要的是……
·significance n.意义;重要性
be of significance to...=be significant to...对……有重要意义
attach significance to...重视……(to为介词)
·significantly adv.显著地;明显地;有重大意义地
单句填空/单句写作
(1)In my view, practicing handwriting is great significance to the students’ growth.
(2)As time goes by, I attach more significance to (do) what I am doing now.
(3)The new drug has great (significant) for the treatment of the disease.
(4)I think it was significant he hadn’t seen his father for a long time.
(5) is that most of the questions are easy if you use the correct methods.你应该牢记的最重要的事情是,如果你使用正确的方法,大部分题目是容易的。
fade away逐渐消失;(身体)变得虚弱
·(教材)With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established.随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播,有些传统可能会逐渐消失,而另外一些传统则可能得以建立。
·Spend some time talking with your parents and let your stress fade away! 花点时间与你的父母沟通,让你的压力一扫而光吧!
fade out 逐渐模糊;渐弱
fade in 逐渐清晰;渐强
fade from 从……中消失
fade into 渐渐融入于
用fade的相关短语填空
(1)The closing music when the hero rides off into the sunset.
(2)He saw the monitor black out and then a few words .
(3)His wife and son watched him until he view.
(4)During this time, some of your friendships may deepen, while others might .
take advantage of 利用;欺骗;占……的便宜
·(教材)Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.由于商家利用这些庆祝活动(获利),节日正变得越来越商业化。
·Don’t miss the chance! Take advantage of our free offer now!别错过机会!现在就利用我们免费提供的帮助!
to one’s advantage=to the advantage of sb 对某人有利
be of advantage to 对……有利
gain/win/have an/the advantage over 胜过;优于
单句填空
(1)He always takes full advantage the mistakes made by his rivals.
(2)It would be your advantage to prepare questions in advance.
(3)They had a major advantage their better-known rivals—they were cheaper.
reflect vt. 反映;反射;显示
·(教材)They reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life.它们反映了人们的愿望、信念、信仰和对生活的态度。
·Faced with the global environmental challenge, we must deeply reflect on/upon our relationship with nature.面对全球环境挑战,我们必须深刻反思我们与大自然的关系。(主题写作之环境保护)
·(语境串记)White clouds were reflected in the lake. Sitting by the lake, I was reflecting on what my mom said.On reflection, I decided to accept her suggestion.白云映照在湖中。坐在湖边, 我考虑着妈妈的话。再三思考后, 我决定接受她的建议。
·reflect on/upon sth 认真思考某事;沉思某事
be reflected in... 被映照在……;被反映在……
·reflection n.映像;反射
on/upon reflection 经再三思考
reflect的不同词义
反射 映出
单句填空/单句写作
(1)Spare some time to reflect your future plans.
(2)On (reflect), she decided to accept his offer after all.
(3)He was impressed by the mountain which as the small boat moved gently along the river.当小船沿着河缓缓地行驶时,山静静地映入水中,这给他留下了深刻的印象。
faith n. 宗教信仰;信任;相信
·Faith is the bird that feels the light when the dawn is still dark.信念是鸟儿,它在黎明仍黑暗之时,就能感觉到光明。(读后续写之主旨升华)
·(语境串记)The manager has faith in his secretary, because he thinks she is faithful to him and always helps him faithfully.经理信任他的秘书,因为他认为她对他忠诚,总是忠实地帮助他。
·have faith in 相信……;对……有信心
lose faith in 不再信任……;对……失去信心
·faithful adj. 忠诚的;可信任的
be faithful to 忠实于;忠诚于
·faithfully adv.准确地;如实地;忠实地
单句填空/单句写作
(1)I have faith my friends—I know they’ll do well.
(2)Henry’s translation manages to be (faith) to the spirit of the original.
(3)As the old saying goes,“ .”俗话说:“信仰能移山。”
occasion n. 某次;特别的事情(或仪式、庆典);(适当的)机会;时机
·(教材)They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while.它们是让我们放松下来、享受生活和暂时忘记工作的时刻。
·In China, New Year’s Eve is an important family occasion.在中国,除夕夜是重要的家庭(团聚)时刻。(主题写作之文化)
·The Mid-Autumn Festival is significant because it is a special occasion for a family reunion.中秋节之所以重要是因为它是家庭团聚的特别时刻。(主题写作之文化)
·Courage, kindness, friendship and character are the qualities that define us as human beings, and push us, on occasion, to greatness.勇气、善良、友谊和性格是我们生而为人的品质,有时候也会促使我们变得伟大。
·on one occasion 有一次;曾经
on that occasion 在那次;在那种情况下
on occasion 偶尔;有时候
on several occasions 好几次
·occasional adj.偶尔的;偶然的;临时的
·occasionally adv.偶然;偶尔;有时候
【特别提醒】
当occasion后接定语从句时,其引导词要依据occasion的含义及其在从句中所作的成分来确定。当occasion作先行词,其含义为“场合;庆典”时,后面定语从句中的引导词在从句中作地点状语,应用where来引导;当occasion作先行词,表示“机会;时刻”时,后面定语从句中的引导词在从句中作时间状语,应用when来引导。
单句填空/单句写作
(1)I call on my parents occasion.
(2)We (occasional) meet for a drink after work.
(3)I can remember very few occasions he had to ask for leave because of ill health.
(4)This is not an occasion for laughter, you must take things seriously.
(5)There will be a big celebration the school’s 100th anniversary.在学校建校一百周年之际将会有一个大型庆祝活动。
with的复合结构
·(教材)Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.由于商家利用这些庆祝活动(获利),节日正变得越来越商业化。
·Father usually works in his study with the door locked. 父亲通常锁着门在书房工作。
·With so many clothes to wash, I cannot go with you to the concert. 有那么多衣服要洗,我不能和你一起去音乐会了。
·With the machine helping us, we could finish the task on time.有了机器的帮助,我们能按时完成任务。
教材例句中的with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations为with的复合结构。with的复合结构在句中多作状语,也可以作定语。常见的结构:
(1)with+名词/代词+介词短语
(2)with+名词/代词+doing
(3)with+名词/代词+done
(4)with+名词/代词+to do
(5)with+名词/代词+adj.
(6)with+名词/代词+adv.
【特别提醒】
在with的复合结构中,动词不定式表示动作尚未发生,有“将来”的意思;动词-ing形式表示主动或正在进行;动词-ed形式表示被动或完成。
单句填空
(1)With winter (come) on, it’s time to buy warm clothes.
(2)With all the things she needed (buy),she went home happily.
(3)With nothing (do), Tom sleeps at home.
(4)With so many destinations (choose) from, you are bound to have a good time on your vacation.
(5)Mr Wang entered the classroom, with a dictionary his hand.
although 引导让步状语从句
·(教材)Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised, others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.虽然有些人认为节日不应该被商业化,但另一些人认为消费的增加对经济的发展和公众的幸福都是有好处的。
·Although the plot is weak, the action is very fantastic.虽然剧情平淡无奇,但是动作场面非常精彩。
·Though/Although he makes me angry sometimes, I like him.尽管他有时惹我生气,我还是喜欢他。
·Tall though he is, he is very weak in health.虽然他个子高,但身体却很虚弱。
·It’s hard work, I enjoy it though.虽然它是一项艰苦的工作,但我很享受它。
教材例句中的Although引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管;虽然”。although引导让步状语从句时,不能跟but连用,但可以跟yet、 still等连用。
【特别提醒】
although和though的用法区别:
(1)though可以引起从句的主语和谓语部分倒装,而although不可以。
(2)although只用作连词; 而though除用作连词外,还可用作副词。另外,though可用作并列连词,也可用作从属连词;而although只能用作从属连词。
单句填空
(1)His clothes, old and worn, looked clean and of good quality.
(2)—Have you ever been to Australia
—No. I’d like to, .
(3) I gave him many presents, I had no reciprocal gifts from him.
【随堂检测】
单句填空
1.The exchange program between the UK and China may affect various schools (range) from kindergarten to high school.
2.He (gather) a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle.
3.We’ve decided not to go away all.
4.The (decorate) is practical enough for a family home.
5.Except a few grammatical mistakes, this composition of yours is well written.
6.It seems that number sense is something we have common with many animals in this world.
7.After some (reflect), I decided to accept his offer.
8.All of us (absolute) support you and your ideas.
一词多义
1.march vt.使同行 vi.行进;前进;示威游行 n.行进;行军;示威游行;进行曲
①At the end of the march, I was very tired.
②About 5,000 people marched through the city to fight against the war.
③She marched over to me and demanded an apology.
④Mr Carter marched us into the principal’s office.
2.figure n.人物;数字;身材 vt.认为;认定;计算
①How do you figure he can live without me
②He is the figure of authority that we have to deal with.
③I’m sure that my figure is correct.
④She’s always had a good figure.
⑤They figured the attendance at 150,000.
选词填空
dress up; after all; range from...to; fade away; in spite of; take advantage of; have...in common; have faith in; reflect on; figure out
1.You’d better the problem that more and more plastics are damaging our earth.
2.Can you who broke the window yesterday
3.On Halloween, children can and go to their neighbours’ homes to ask for sweets.
4.We should the forest to protect our environment.
5.You should not blame Tim for the accident. , he didn’t know in advance.
6.The shop sells a wide range of books,whose prices 2 yuan 100 yuan.
7.He went to climb the mountain the rain yesterday.
8.With the development of society, some traditions may .
9.I your ability to deal with the problem.
10.You will find these questions a lot if you observe
参考答案
自主预习·悟新知
Ⅰ.1.charm 2.gratitude 3.church 4.firecracker
5.evil 6.medium 7.range 8.faith 9.figure
10.harvest 11.crop 12.occasion 13.grateful
14.feature 15.fade 16.typical
Ⅱ.1.congratulation;congratulate 2.origin;original
3.religion;religious 4.joy;joyful
5.agricultural;agriculture 6.gather;gathering
7.decorate;decoration 8.commercial;commercialise;commercialisation 9.pleased;please;pleasure 10.wrestling;wrestle;wrestler 11.brief;briefly
Ⅲ.1.to 2.away 3.in 4.for 5.利用;欺骗;占……的便宜 6.(兴趣、想法等方面)相同;有相同的特征 7.坦白说;坦率地说 8.爆炸;走火;离开 9.出发;动身;启程
Ⅳ.1.No matter how ordinary a job is 2.To succeed 3.With the old man leading the way
合作探究·提素养
听说探究
Ⅲ.1~4 DCAB
语篇研读
任务2
步骤1 Ⅰ.略
Ⅱ.The passage is probably about the reasons why festivals are celebrated all around the world.
步骤2 Ⅰ.1~5 EDCBA
Ⅱ.1~4 ABDD
步骤3 1.seasonal 2.events 3.peace 4.grateful
5.time 6.beliefs 7.faiths
新知探究
任务1
融会应用 (1)as (2)is dressed (3)up
(4)dressed in school uniforms;Dressed in school uniforms
任务2
融会应用 (1)congratulations (2)having passed
(3)to congratulate (4)express our congratulations to you on;congratulate you on
任务3
融会应用 (1)First of all (2)above all
任务4
融会应用 (1)ranging (2)a (3)a wide range of after-school activities
任务5
融会应用 (1)n.数字 (2)n.人物 (3)n.身材
(4)n.图形 (5)vt.认为
任务6
融会应用 (1)gathered (2)up (3)gathered his strength
任务7
融会应用 (1)for (2)to (3)am very grateful to my English teacher
任务8
融会应用 (1)decorations (2)was decorated
(3)decorated the cake with strawberries
任务9
融会应用 (1)of (2)doing (3)significance
(4)that (5)The most significant thing you should keep in mind
任务10
融会应用 (1)fades out (2)faded in (3)faded from (4)fade away
任务11
融会应用 (1)of (2)of (3)over
任务12
融会应用 (1)on/upon (2)reflection (3)was silently reflected in the water
任务13
融会应用 (1)in (2)faithful (3)Faith can remove mountains
任务14
融会应用 (1)on (2)occasionally (3)when
(4)where (5)on the occasion of
任务15
融会应用 (1)coming (2)bought (3)to do
(4)to choose (5)in
任务16
融会应用 (1)though (2)though (3)Although/Though
随堂检测·精评价
维度1 1.ranging 2.gathered 3.after
4.decoration 5.for 6.in 7.reflection 8.absolutely
维度2 1.①n.行军 ②vi.示威游行 ③vi.前进
④vt.使同行
2.①vt.认为 ②n.人物 ③n.数字
④n.身材 ⑤vt.计算
维度3 1.reflect on 2.figure out 3.dress up 4.take advantage of 5.After all 6.range from;to 7.in spite of 8.fade away
9.have faith in 10.have;in common
【课时目标】
1.通过听和谈论世界各地不同的传统节日,提高对该话题的听力理解和口语表达水平。
2.通过分析教材,学会英语发音中的音变现象,并能灵活掌握其规则。
3.通过阅读课文,结合文本特点快速而准确地找到主题句;了解不同国家、不同民族的节日文化,梳理、分析和提炼节日的精神内涵,理解世界各国人民共同的情感和精神追求。
4.了解形式多样的中国传统节日,领悟中华民族的民族精神和民族情感,传承中华民族的文化血脉与思想精华。
【自主预习】
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会识记
1. n.魅力;迷人的特征;咒语
2. n.感激之情;感谢
3. n.(基督教的)教堂;礼拜堂
4. n.鞭炮;爆竹
5. adj.邪恶的;有害的;罪恶的n.邪恶;罪恶;恶行
6. n.媒介;手段;方法adj.中等的;中号的
7. n.一系列;范围;界限 v.包括;(在一定范围内)变化
8. n.宗教信仰;信任;相信
9. n.人物;数字;身材 v.认为;认定
10. n.收获季节;收获;收成 v.收割(庄稼); 捕猎(动物、鱼)
11. n.庄稼;作物;一季的收成
12. n.特别的事情(或仪式、庆典);(适当的)机会
13. adj.感激的;表示感谢的
14. v.以……为特色 n.特色;特征;特点
15. v.逐渐消失;(使)褪色;(身体)变得虚弱
16. adj.典型的;有代表性的;平常的
Ⅱ.拓展单词——会活用
1. n.祝贺;恭喜→ v.向(某人)道贺;(因某事)感到自豪
2. n.起源;起因;出身→ adj.原来的;起初的
3. n.宗教;宗教信仰→ adj.宗教的;笃信宗教的
4. n.高兴;喜悦→ adj.高兴的;快乐的
5. adj.农业(劳动/生产)的→ n.农业;农艺
6. v.聚集;搜集;收割;集合 → n.收集;采集;聚会
7. v.装饰;装潢→ n.装潢;装饰
8. adj.商业(化)的;以获利为目的的→ v.使商业化;利用……牟利→ n.商业化
9. adj.高兴的;满意的→ v.喜欢;使满意;使愉快→ n.快乐;高兴
10. n.摔跤运动→ v.摔跤;奋力对付→ n.摔跤运动员
11. adj.简洁的;简单的;短暂的→ adv.简要地;简短地
v.+-ion→n. n.+-al→adj.
decorate→decoration 装饰 congratulate→congratulation 祝贺 contribute→contribution 贡献 origin→original 起初的 agriculture→agricultural 农业的 nation→national 国家的;民族的
Ⅲ.重点短语——会积累
1.range from ... ...包括从……到……之间
2.fade 逐渐消失;(身体)变得虚弱
3. spite of 不管;尽管
4.except 除……之外
5.take advantage of
6.have sth in common
7.to be frank
8.go off
9.set off
Ⅳ.重点句式——会仿写
1.However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.(no matter how引导让步状语从句)
翻译 然而,在全世界所有的节日中,无论它们看起来多么不同,共享喜悦、感恩、爱或者和平的精神都是一致的。
仿写 , it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our respect.无论一份工作多么平凡,它都在社会中发挥着作用,因此值得我们尊重。
2.Today, in some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal.(动词不定式作目的状语)
翻译 如今,在一些欧洲国家,人们用鲜花和水果装饰教堂和市政大厅,然后聚在一起,一边吃饭一边庆祝。
仿写 , we must make preparations.要取得成功,我们必须做好准备。
3.Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.(with的复合结构)
翻译 由于商家利用这些庆祝活动(获利),节日正变得越来越商业化。
仿写 , we started to walk towards the forest.在这个老人的带领下,我们开始向森林走去。
【合作探究】
【听说探究】
Ⅰ.按照示例完成教材上本单元Listening and Speaking部分中的第5题
A:I think the Rio Carnival would be the most exciting.After all, as you know, I love to dance!
B:I love dancing, too, but I’m not sure I’d enjoy it in such hot weather.
A:So which festival do you like best
B:I like April Fool’s Day.On that day, people play all kinds of tricks on others, and the one easily taken in is called April fool.
A:April fool!
B:April the first is coming.Be careful!
Ⅱ.大声朗读下面的句子,注意音的同化
1.Did you enjoy the holiday
2.I was hoping to hear that you had a great time throughout.
Ⅲ.情境交际
阅读下面的对话,根据语境选择最佳选项。
Li Ming:Hello, Betty.
Betty:Hello, Li Ming.
Li Ming:Do you know the Mid-Autumn Festival
Betty:No, I don’t.1.
Li Ming:Of course.The Mid-Autumn Festival is one of the most important holidays in the Chinese lunar calendar, and is a legal holiday in several countries.2.
Betty:3.
Li Ming:Traditionally, on this day, Chinese family members and friends gather to admire the bright moon, and eat mooncakes together.
Betty:Wow, that sounds great.4.
Li Ming:The Mid-Autumn Festival is on the fifteenth day of August in the Chinese lunar calendar.
A.What do the Chinese people usually do on this day
B.Could you tell me when to celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival
C.Farmers celebrate the end of the summer harvesting season on this date.
D.Could you introduce the Mid-Autumn Festival to me
【语篇研读】
泛读通文意
WHY DO WE CELEBRATE FESTIVALS
Festivals are celebrated all around the world.They have a wide range of origins,such as the seasons of the year,religions, famous figures, and important events.Every festival has its different customs and unique charms. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world,the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
我们为什么庆祝节日
全世界都在庆祝各种节日。它们的由来多种多样,例如时节、宗教、著名人物及重大事件。每个节日都有其不同的习俗和独特的吸引力。然而,在全世界所有的节日中,无论它们看起来多么不同,共享喜悦、感恩、爱或者和平的精神都是一致的。
Of all the traditional festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture.This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in(1).People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food(2).In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime—the Egyptian harvest season. It featured a parade and a great feast with music,dancing, and sports. Today, in some European countries,people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal.During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China,families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.
在所有的传统节日中,庆祝收获的节日几乎在每种文化中都能找到。这一重要的农耕节日(一般)会在所有农作物收割完毕后举行。人们举行庆祝活动是为了表明他们对(土地)供应一年食物的感激。在古埃及,收获的节日通常在春季举行,春季是埃及人的收获季节。它的庆祝活动主要是游行和丰盛的筵席,载歌载舞,并伴有体育活动。如今,在一些欧洲国家,人们用鲜花和水果装饰教堂和市政大厅,然后聚在一起,一边吃饭一边庆祝。在中国,中秋节期间家庭成员团聚在一起,共赏明月,品尝美味的月饼。
(1)after引导时间状语从句。
(2)that引导宾语从句。
Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time.With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established.One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year.Nowadays,many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution.Another example is Halloween,which slowly became an exciting festival for children(3), in spite of its religious origins.
习俗在节日中起着重要的作用,但是有时它们也会随着时间而变化。随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播,有些传统可能会逐渐消失,而另外一些传统则可能得以建立。为了驱逐恶灵和庆祝新年,中国人在春节燃放鞭炮的习俗就是一个典型的例子。如今,为了避免空气污染,很多大城市已经放弃了这个习俗。另一个例子是万圣节,尽管它起源于宗教,但它慢慢地变成了一个让孩子们很兴奋的节日。
(3)which引导非限制性定语从句。
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones(4).Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised(5), others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.
Festivals are an important part of society.They reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life.They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while.They help us understand where we came from, who we are, and what to appreciate(6). And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all(7).
由于商家利用这些庆祝活动(获利),节日正变得越来越商业化。网上购物的网站和社交媒体的应用软件让公众更容易花更多的钱为所爱的人买礼物。虽然有些人认为节日不应该被商业化,但另一些人认为消费的增加对经济的发展和公众的幸福都是有好处的。
节日是社会的一个重要组成部分。它们反映了人们的愿望、信念、信仰和对生活的态度。它们是让我们放松下来、享受生活和暂时忘记工作的时刻。它们帮助我们了解我们从哪里来、我们是谁、我们应该感恩什么。如果你仔细研究各种节日,你也许会惊讶地发现:不同的文化之间实际上有许多共同之处。
(4)it作形式宾语,后面的动词不定式to spend...为真正的宾语。
(5)although引导让步状语从句。
(6)where和who都引导宾语从句,它们和and后的“疑问词+动词不定式”结构一起作understand的宾语。
(7)if引导条件状语从句;to find...为动词不定式作原因状语,其中含有一个由that引导的宾语从句。
精读育素养
背景导读,开阔视野
Ⅰ.What festivals do you celebrate with your family every year
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Ⅱ.Look at the pictures, read the title, and predict what the passage is probably about.
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精读文章,理解文意
Ⅰ.Read the passage and match each paragraph with its main idea.
( )1.Para.1 ( )2.Para.2
( )3.Para.3 ( )4.Para.4
( )5.Para.5
A.The role of festivals.
B.The commercialisation of festivals.
C.The change of festival customs.
D.The harvest festival.
E.The origins and spirit of festivals.
Ⅱ.Read the passage and choose the best answers.
1.What do the festivals have in common ( )
A.Sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace.
B.A wide range of the same origins.
C.The same charms.
D.Best wishes for the future.
2.How do people feel during the harvest festival ( )
A.Sorry. B.Thankful.
C.Sad. D.Unsatisfied.
3.Why may some traditions of festivals fade away ( )
A.Because they are out of date.
B.Because they are too complicated(复杂的).
C.Because of people’s lack of interest.
D.Because of the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas.
4.What can we learn from the passage ( )
A.Not all festivals have their own customs and unique charms.
B.Europeans decorate churches and town halls to celebrate all the festivals.
C.Now Chinese have given up the custom of lighting firecrackers to celebrate the new year.
D.In fact,different cultures have a lot in common when it comes to festivals.
读后思考,分析逻辑
Fill in the blanks with proper words according to the passage.
The origins of festivals Festivals have many origins.Some are 1. or religious, and some are for special people or 2. .
The spirit of festivals In all festivals,the spirit of sharing joy,gratitude,love, or 3. is common.
The harvest festival The harvest festival is found in almost every culture,and people celebrate to show that they are 4. for the year’s supply of food.
The change of festival customs Some festival customs can change over 5. .
The role of festivals Festivals reflect people’s wishes,6. ,7. , and attitudes towards life.
课文标题“WHY DO WE CELEBRATE FESTIVALS ”直接表明了文章的主旨。本文是一篇论说文,介绍了人们庆祝节日的原因。文本结构清晰,共有5个段落。第1段总述了节日是全世界普遍存在的文化现象;第2段论述了丰收节几乎存在于每一种文化之中;第3段论述了节日传统习俗会随着时间的变化而变化;第4段论述了节日正变得越来越商业化;第5段总结并论述了节日是社会生活中的重要组成部分。
思考意图,培育素养
价值观:感恩拥有的一切
本文第2段中的“People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food.”提到人们举行庆祝活动,对这一年收获的食物表达感恩。感恩是一种生活态度,是一种善于发现生活中的感动并能享受这一感动的思想境界。心中充满感恩,你会拥有善良,愿意回报,乐于助人,积极应对挫折困难。这就像在寒冬里感受到暖意,在风雨中体会到幸福。
请体会并背诵下面的句子:
1.Gratitude is a kind of force that drives us forward.感恩是一种推动我们前行的力量。
2.Gratitude is the best mindset and also the most beautiful way of life.感恩是最好的心态,也是最美好的生活方式。
3.Who says my heart like a blade of grass could repay her love’s gentle beams of spring sun 谁言寸草心,报得三春晖。
【新知探究】
dress (sb) up 穿上盛装;装扮;乔装打扮
·You do not need to dress up for dinner.你们不必盛装赴宴。
·The boys were all dressed up as pirates.这些男孩子都装扮成了海盗。
·The little boy dressed himself up as a superhero.小男孩把自己装扮成了一个超级英雄。
·dress n.衣服;连衣裙 vt.& vi.(给某人)穿衣服
dress (sb) up as...(把某人)打扮/装扮成……
dress oneself/sb 给自己/某人穿衣
·dressed adj.穿上衣服的;穿着……衣服的
be dressed in... 穿着……衣服(表示状态)
get dressed 穿上衣服
单句填空/句式升级
(1)In my city, all children played this game, and they dressed up cowboys.
(2)The girl next to you (dress) in blue.
(3)I’d like you to dress for my birthday party tonight.
(4)The students are dressed in school uniforms and are doing morning exercises on the playground.
→The students are doing morning exercises on the playground.(分词作定语)
→ , the students are doing morning exercises on the playground.(分词作状语)
congratulation n. 祝贺;恭喜
·My classmates expressed their congratulations to me on my winning the competition.我的同学们对我在比赛中获胜表示祝贺。
·To congratulate Jane on having passed the examination, we held a party to celebrate it.为了祝贺Jane通过考试,我们举行了一个聚会来庆祝这件事。
·(语境串记)Many friends came to congratulate him on his marriage, and some gave red envelopes to express their congratulations.许多朋友前来祝贺他结婚,并且有一些人给红包以表示祝贺。
·congratulations (to sb) on sth 祝贺(某人)某事
·congratulate vt.祝贺;向……道贺
congratulate sb on sth 祝贺某人某事
congratulate oneself on (doing) sth 因(做)某事为自己感到高兴/自豪
【特别提醒】
(1)congratulation用作“祝贺语;贺词”时,通常用复数形式;用作“祝贺”这一抽象意义时,通常用单数形式。
(2)congratulate后不接带动词不定式的复合结构或that从句。
—Guess what My manager offered me a promotion.你猜怎么着 我的经理给我升职了。
—Congratulations! That hardly happens.祝贺你!这种情况几乎不会发生。(2024·上海1月)
单句填空/一句多译
(1)I send you my warmest (congratulate) on your success.
(2)We congratulated him on (pass) the examination.
(3)I had hoped to send Peter a gift (congratulate) him on his marriage, but I couldn’t manage it.
(4)我们想对你在“汉语桥”演讲比赛中获得一等奖表示祝贺。
→We would like to your receiving first prize in the “Chinese Bridge” speech contest.(congratulation)
→We would like to your receiving first prize in the “Chinese Bridge” speech contest.(congratulate)
after all 毕竟;终究;别忘了
·(教材)After all, as you know, I love to dance!毕竟,如你所知,我喜欢跳舞!
·Don’t get discouraged by setbacks;we are new to the work after all.别因挫折而灰心,毕竟我们刚做这份工作。
·But above all, we want to spend some time with you and your family.但最重要的是,我们想和你以及你的家人聚聚。
first of all 首先;第一
above all 最重要的是;首先
not at all (别人表示谢意时)不客气;一点也不
单句写作
(1) , let me say how glad I am to be here.首先我要说的是,来到这儿,我是多么的高兴!
(2)Hollywood, , has unique glamour.最重要的是,好莱坞有着独特的魅力。
range n. 一系列;范围;界限 vi. 包括;(在一定范围内)变化
·(教材)Festivals are celebrated all around the world.They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures,and important events.全世界都在庆祝各种节日。它们的由来多种多样,例如时节、宗教、著名人物及重大事件。
·Your weight can be kept in the normal range as long as you take exercise more often.只要你多运动,你的体重就能保持在正常范围内。(主题写作之健康)
·(语境串记)The supermarket keeps a wide range of goods.Their prices range from just only a few yuan to several hundred yuan. According to their varieties, the shop assistants range them neatly on the shelves.这家超市有许多种商品。它们的价格从几元到几百元不等。根据它们的种类,售货员们把它们整齐地排列在货架上。
·a range of 一系列;各种
a wide range of 广泛的;许多
within/in range of...在……可及的范围内
out of range of...超出……的范围
·range from...to... 在……和……范围内变动;包括由……到……之间的各类事物
range between...and... 在……和……范围内变动
单句填空/单句写作
(1)The exchange program between the UK and China may affect various schools (range) from kindergarten to high school.
(2)We have range of men’s shirts on special offer.
(3)We have , such as travelling, playing football, swimming and so on.我们有很多课外活动,比如旅游、踢足球和游泳等等。(主题写作之学校生活)
figure n. 人物;身材;数字;图形 vt. 认为;认定;计算
·She keeps her figure by doing yoga,which is a popular way to keep fit.她通过做瑜伽来保持身材,做瑜伽是一种受欢迎的保持健康的方式。
·(语境串记)Being a popular public figure,she always manages to have a good figure and figures out ways to attract the attention of the public.作为一位受欢迎的公众人物,她总能保持一个好身材并且想出办法来吸引公众的注意力。
figure out 算出;想出;理解;弄明白;断定;解决
keep one’s figure 保持身材
Behind it, the person is trying to figure out who exactly I teach...the animals 在这背后,人们试图弄清楚我到底教谁……教动物吗 (2023·新课标Ⅱ)
写出下列句子中figure的词性和含义
(1)We’re told the figure can reach 100,000 next year.
(2)The movement is supported by key figures in the three main political parties.
(3)Most of young women want a slim figure these days.
(4)The wall was covered with figures of birds and flowers.
(5)We figured the sensible thing to do was to wait.
gather vi. 聚集;集合 vt. 聚集;搜集;收割
·(教材)This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in.这一重要的农耕节日(一般)会在所有农作物收割完毕后举行。
·During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather to share a meal, admire the moon and enjoy mooncakes.在中秋节期间,家庭成员经常聚到一起吃饭、赏月和品尝月饼。
·The whole family gathered together at Ray’s home.全家人聚集在Ray的家中。
·Children gathered around the storyteller.孩子们聚集在讲故事的人周围。
·gather round/around... 聚集在……周围
gather together 聚集在一起
gather up 收集;收拢;鼓起(勇气)
gather strength积蓄力量
·gatherer n.收集者;采集者
·gathering n.聚集;聚会;收集;采集
a social/family gathering 社交/家庭聚会
methods of information gathering信息采集的各种方法
单句填空/单句写作
(1)People (gather) round, curious to know what happened.
(2)He gathered his belongings before leaving the house.
(3)After a short break, he and continued the climb.短暂休息后,他积蓄力量继续攀登。
grateful adj. 感激的;表示感谢的
·(教材)People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food.人们举行庆祝活动是为了表明他们对(土地)供应一年食物的感激。
·I am extremely grateful to all the teachers for their help.我非常感谢所有老师的帮助。(应用文写作之感谢信)
·I would be grateful if you could send me the book immediately.如果你能马上把书寄给我,我将感激不尽。(应用文写作之咨询信)
be grateful to sb for sth 因某事感谢某人
be grateful that... 感谢……
be grateful to do sth 因做某事而心存感激
be grateful/thankful for 因……而心存感激
I would be grateful if you could/would... (尤用于书信或正式场合提出请求)如果你能……我将不胜感激。
单句填空/单句写作
(1)Don’t misunderstand me—I am grateful all you’ve done.
(2)I will be deeply grateful you for your kindness for the rest of my life.
(3)I ,who performs an important role in my life.我非常感谢我的英语老师,我的英语老师在我的人生中起着重要的作用。(应用文写作之感谢信)
decorate vt. 装饰;装潢;授予……勋章(或奖章)
·(教材)Today, in some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal.如今,在一些欧洲国家,人们用鲜花和水果装饰教堂和市政大厅,然后聚在一起,一边吃饭一边庆祝。
·People often like to decorate their windows, walls and doors with colorful paper-cutting.人们通常喜欢用彩色剪纸装饰他们的窗户、墙壁和门。(读后续写之细节描写)
·With China’s National Day around the corner, all the streets in Beijing are decorated with colorful flags, flowers and balloons.国庆节即将到来,北京的所有街道都装饰着彩旗、鲜花和气球。(主题写作之文化)
·The soldier was decorated for bravery.这名士兵因表现英勇而获得勋章。
·decorate...with... 用……装饰……
be decorated with... 装饰着……
be decorated for... 因……而获得勋章
·decorative adj.装饰性的;作装饰用的
·decoration n.装饰;装饰品
单句填空/单句写作
(1)The New Year is drawing near. Let’s go and buy some (decorate) to make our house more beautiful.
(2)The Christmas tree (decorate) with many gifts and sweets.
(3)My sister Karen and chocolate, which looked inviting.我的妹妹Karen用草莓和巧克力装饰了蛋糕,它看起来很诱人。(读后续写之细节描写)
significant adj. 有重大意义的;显著的;重要的
·(教材)Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time.习俗在节日中起着重要的作用,但是有时它们也会随着时间而变化。
·There are no significant differences between the two groups of students.这两组学生没有显著的差别。
·We should strengthen the public’s awareness that ocean resources are of great significance to us.我们应该增强公众的意识:海洋资源对我们非常重要。
·It is significant that... 很明显……;重要的是……
·significance n.意义;重要性
be of significance to...=be significant to...对……有重要意义
attach significance to...重视……(to为介词)
·significantly adv.显著地;明显地;有重大意义地
单句填空/单句写作
(1)In my view, practicing handwriting is great significance to the students’ growth.
(2)As time goes by, I attach more significance to (do) what I am doing now.
(3)The new drug has great (significant) for the treatment of the disease.
(4)I think it was significant he hadn’t seen his father for a long time.
(5) is that most of the questions are easy if you use the correct methods.你应该牢记的最重要的事情是,如果你使用正确的方法,大部分题目是容易的。
fade away逐渐消失;(身体)变得虚弱
·(教材)With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established.随着现代社会的发展和新思想的传播,有些传统可能会逐渐消失,而另外一些传统则可能得以建立。
·Spend some time talking with your parents and let your stress fade away! 花点时间与你的父母沟通,让你的压力一扫而光吧!
fade out 逐渐模糊;渐弱
fade in 逐渐清晰;渐强
fade from 从……中消失
fade into 渐渐融入于
用fade的相关短语填空
(1)The closing music when the hero rides off into the sunset.
(2)He saw the monitor black out and then a few words .
(3)His wife and son watched him until he view.
(4)During this time, some of your friendships may deepen, while others might .
take advantage of 利用;欺骗;占……的便宜
·(教材)Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.由于商家利用这些庆祝活动(获利),节日正变得越来越商业化。
·Don’t miss the chance! Take advantage of our free offer now!别错过机会!现在就利用我们免费提供的帮助!
to one’s advantage=to the advantage of sb 对某人有利
be of advantage to 对……有利
gain/win/have an/the advantage over 胜过;优于
单句填空
(1)He always takes full advantage the mistakes made by his rivals.
(2)It would be your advantage to prepare questions in advance.
(3)They had a major advantage their better-known rivals—they were cheaper.
reflect vt. 反映;反射;显示
·(教材)They reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life.它们反映了人们的愿望、信念、信仰和对生活的态度。
·Faced with the global environmental challenge, we must deeply reflect on/upon our relationship with nature.面对全球环境挑战,我们必须深刻反思我们与大自然的关系。(主题写作之环境保护)
·(语境串记)White clouds were reflected in the lake. Sitting by the lake, I was reflecting on what my mom said.On reflection, I decided to accept her suggestion.白云映照在湖中。坐在湖边, 我考虑着妈妈的话。再三思考后, 我决定接受她的建议。
·reflect on/upon sth 认真思考某事;沉思某事
be reflected in... 被映照在……;被反映在……
·reflection n.映像;反射
on/upon reflection 经再三思考
reflect的不同词义
反射 映出
单句填空/单句写作
(1)Spare some time to reflect your future plans.
(2)On (reflect), she decided to accept his offer after all.
(3)He was impressed by the mountain which as the small boat moved gently along the river.当小船沿着河缓缓地行驶时,山静静地映入水中,这给他留下了深刻的印象。
faith n. 宗教信仰;信任;相信
·Faith is the bird that feels the light when the dawn is still dark.信念是鸟儿,它在黎明仍黑暗之时,就能感觉到光明。(读后续写之主旨升华)
·(语境串记)The manager has faith in his secretary, because he thinks she is faithful to him and always helps him faithfully.经理信任他的秘书,因为他认为她对他忠诚,总是忠实地帮助他。
·have faith in 相信……;对……有信心
lose faith in 不再信任……;对……失去信心
·faithful adj. 忠诚的;可信任的
be faithful to 忠实于;忠诚于
·faithfully adv.准确地;如实地;忠实地
单句填空/单句写作
(1)I have faith my friends—I know they’ll do well.
(2)Henry’s translation manages to be (faith) to the spirit of the original.
(3)As the old saying goes,“ .”俗话说:“信仰能移山。”
occasion n. 某次;特别的事情(或仪式、庆典);(适当的)机会;时机
·(教材)They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while.它们是让我们放松下来、享受生活和暂时忘记工作的时刻。
·In China, New Year’s Eve is an important family occasion.在中国,除夕夜是重要的家庭(团聚)时刻。(主题写作之文化)
·The Mid-Autumn Festival is significant because it is a special occasion for a family reunion.中秋节之所以重要是因为它是家庭团聚的特别时刻。(主题写作之文化)
·Courage, kindness, friendship and character are the qualities that define us as human beings, and push us, on occasion, to greatness.勇气、善良、友谊和性格是我们生而为人的品质,有时候也会促使我们变得伟大。
·on one occasion 有一次;曾经
on that occasion 在那次;在那种情况下
on occasion 偶尔;有时候
on several occasions 好几次
·occasional adj.偶尔的;偶然的;临时的
·occasionally adv.偶然;偶尔;有时候
【特别提醒】
当occasion后接定语从句时,其引导词要依据occasion的含义及其在从句中所作的成分来确定。当occasion作先行词,其含义为“场合;庆典”时,后面定语从句中的引导词在从句中作地点状语,应用where来引导;当occasion作先行词,表示“机会;时刻”时,后面定语从句中的引导词在从句中作时间状语,应用when来引导。
单句填空/单句写作
(1)I call on my parents occasion.
(2)We (occasional) meet for a drink after work.
(3)I can remember very few occasions he had to ask for leave because of ill health.
(4)This is not an occasion for laughter, you must take things seriously.
(5)There will be a big celebration the school’s 100th anniversary.在学校建校一百周年之际将会有一个大型庆祝活动。
with的复合结构
·(教材)Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.由于商家利用这些庆祝活动(获利),节日正变得越来越商业化。
·Father usually works in his study with the door locked. 父亲通常锁着门在书房工作。
·With so many clothes to wash, I cannot go with you to the concert. 有那么多衣服要洗,我不能和你一起去音乐会了。
·With the machine helping us, we could finish the task on time.有了机器的帮助,我们能按时完成任务。
教材例句中的with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations为with的复合结构。with的复合结构在句中多作状语,也可以作定语。常见的结构:
(1)with+名词/代词+介词短语
(2)with+名词/代词+doing
(3)with+名词/代词+done
(4)with+名词/代词+to do
(5)with+名词/代词+adj.
(6)with+名词/代词+adv.
【特别提醒】
在with的复合结构中,动词不定式表示动作尚未发生,有“将来”的意思;动词-ing形式表示主动或正在进行;动词-ed形式表示被动或完成。
单句填空
(1)With winter (come) on, it’s time to buy warm clothes.
(2)With all the things she needed (buy),she went home happily.
(3)With nothing (do), Tom sleeps at home.
(4)With so many destinations (choose) from, you are bound to have a good time on your vacation.
(5)Mr Wang entered the classroom, with a dictionary his hand.
although 引导让步状语从句
·(教材)Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised, others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.虽然有些人认为节日不应该被商业化,但另一些人认为消费的增加对经济的发展和公众的幸福都是有好处的。
·Although the plot is weak, the action is very fantastic.虽然剧情平淡无奇,但是动作场面非常精彩。
·Though/Although he makes me angry sometimes, I like him.尽管他有时惹我生气,我还是喜欢他。
·Tall though he is, he is very weak in health.虽然他个子高,但身体却很虚弱。
·It’s hard work, I enjoy it though.虽然它是一项艰苦的工作,但我很享受它。
教材例句中的Although引导让步状语从句,意为“尽管;虽然”。although引导让步状语从句时,不能跟but连用,但可以跟yet、 still等连用。
【特别提醒】
although和though的用法区别:
(1)though可以引起从句的主语和谓语部分倒装,而although不可以。
(2)although只用作连词; 而though除用作连词外,还可用作副词。另外,though可用作并列连词,也可用作从属连词;而although只能用作从属连词。
单句填空
(1)His clothes, old and worn, looked clean and of good quality.
(2)—Have you ever been to Australia
—No. I’d like to, .
(3) I gave him many presents, I had no reciprocal gifts from him.
【随堂检测】
单句填空
1.The exchange program between the UK and China may affect various schools (range) from kindergarten to high school.
2.He (gather) a huge mass of snow and dug out a hole in the middle.
3.We’ve decided not to go away all.
4.The (decorate) is practical enough for a family home.
5.Except a few grammatical mistakes, this composition of yours is well written.
6.It seems that number sense is something we have common with many animals in this world.
7.After some (reflect), I decided to accept his offer.
8.All of us (absolute) support you and your ideas.
一词多义
1.march vt.使同行 vi.行进;前进;示威游行 n.行进;行军;示威游行;进行曲
①At the end of the march, I was very tired.
②About 5,000 people marched through the city to fight against the war.
③She marched over to me and demanded an apology.
④Mr Carter marched us into the principal’s office.
2.figure n.人物;数字;身材 vt.认为;认定;计算
①How do you figure he can live without me
②He is the figure of authority that we have to deal with.
③I’m sure that my figure is correct.
④She’s always had a good figure.
⑤They figured the attendance at 150,000.
选词填空
dress up; after all; range from...to; fade away; in spite of; take advantage of; have...in common; have faith in; reflect on; figure out
1.You’d better the problem that more and more plastics are damaging our earth.
2.Can you who broke the window yesterday
3.On Halloween, children can and go to their neighbours’ homes to ask for sweets.
4.We should the forest to protect our environment.
5.You should not blame Tim for the accident. , he didn’t know in advance.
6.The shop sells a wide range of books,whose prices 2 yuan 100 yuan.
7.He went to climb the mountain the rain yesterday.
8.With the development of society, some traditions may .
9.I your ability to deal with the problem.
10.You will find these questions a lot if you observe
参考答案
自主预习·悟新知
Ⅰ.1.charm 2.gratitude 3.church 4.firecracker
5.evil 6.medium 7.range 8.faith 9.figure
10.harvest 11.crop 12.occasion 13.grateful
14.feature 15.fade 16.typical
Ⅱ.1.congratulation;congratulate 2.origin;original
3.religion;religious 4.joy;joyful
5.agricultural;agriculture 6.gather;gathering
7.decorate;decoration 8.commercial;commercialise;commercialisation 9.pleased;please;pleasure 10.wrestling;wrestle;wrestler 11.brief;briefly
Ⅲ.1.to 2.away 3.in 4.for 5.利用;欺骗;占……的便宜 6.(兴趣、想法等方面)相同;有相同的特征 7.坦白说;坦率地说 8.爆炸;走火;离开 9.出发;动身;启程
Ⅳ.1.No matter how ordinary a job is 2.To succeed 3.With the old man leading the way
合作探究·提素养
听说探究
Ⅲ.1~4 DCAB
语篇研读
任务2
步骤1 Ⅰ.略
Ⅱ.The passage is probably about the reasons why festivals are celebrated all around the world.
步骤2 Ⅰ.1~5 EDCBA
Ⅱ.1~4 ABDD
步骤3 1.seasonal 2.events 3.peace 4.grateful
5.time 6.beliefs 7.faiths
新知探究
任务1
融会应用 (1)as (2)is dressed (3)up
(4)dressed in school uniforms;Dressed in school uniforms
任务2
融会应用 (1)congratulations (2)having passed
(3)to congratulate (4)express our congratulations to you on;congratulate you on
任务3
融会应用 (1)First of all (2)above all
任务4
融会应用 (1)ranging (2)a (3)a wide range of after-school activities
任务5
融会应用 (1)n.数字 (2)n.人物 (3)n.身材
(4)n.图形 (5)vt.认为
任务6
融会应用 (1)gathered (2)up (3)gathered his strength
任务7
融会应用 (1)for (2)to (3)am very grateful to my English teacher
任务8
融会应用 (1)decorations (2)was decorated
(3)decorated the cake with strawberries
任务9
融会应用 (1)of (2)doing (3)significance
(4)that (5)The most significant thing you should keep in mind
任务10
融会应用 (1)fades out (2)faded in (3)faded from (4)fade away
任务11
融会应用 (1)of (2)of (3)over
任务12
融会应用 (1)on/upon (2)reflection (3)was silently reflected in the water
任务13
融会应用 (1)in (2)faithful (3)Faith can remove mountains
任务14
融会应用 (1)on (2)occasionally (3)when
(4)where (5)on the occasion of
任务15
融会应用 (1)coming (2)bought (3)to do
(4)to choose (5)in
任务16
融会应用 (1)though (2)though (3)Although/Though
随堂检测·精评价
维度1 1.ranging 2.gathered 3.after
4.decoration 5.for 6.in 7.reflection 8.absolutely
维度2 1.①n.行军 ②vi.示威游行 ③vi.前进
④vt.使同行
2.①vt.认为 ②n.人物 ③n.数字
④n.身材 ⑤vt.计算
维度3 1.reflect on 2.figure out 3.dress up 4.take advantage of 5.After all 6.range from;to 7.in spite of 8.fade away
9.have faith in 10.have;in common