非谓语动词 导学案（含答案）-2025届高三英语一轮复习

非谓语动词
主动式（逻辑上的主谓关系） 被动式（逻辑上的动宾关系）
一般式 to do 表同时或将来目的 to be done
不定式 进行式 to be doing 进行
完成式 To have done 发生在谓语动词之前 to have been done
V-ing 一般式 doing 伴随，进行，自然而然的结果 being done
完成式 having done 谓语之前 having been done
过去分词 done 表被动、完成
在某些表示喜、怒、哀、乐的形容词后常用to do做状语，如：glad, sad, happy...
表目的：in order to, so as to（不可放句首）
表意想不到的结果：only to do
在when, while, if, as if, though, as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主语相同的主语和be动词，形成分词短语。
部分过去分词来源于系表结构，作状语时不表被动，其前不用being, 如：seated（坐着的）, hidden, stationed（驻扎）, lost/absorbed in（沉溺于）, born in（出生于）, dressed in（穿着）, tired of（厌烦）, faced with（面对）等.
be worth doing
be worthy of being done } 值得做...
be worthy to be done
非谓语动词：
+doing的动词
advise, admit, avoid, consider, delay, put off, enjoy, excuse, finish, deny, allow, escape, forgive, imagine, mind, keep, miss, practice, prevent, risk, suggest, appreciate,
give up, can’t stand, be fond of, mention, permit, forbid
+to do的动词
agree, decide, expect, help, hope, learn, manage, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, went, wish, afford, choose, demand, fail, attempt, plan, intend
宾语补足语是to do
advise, allow, ask, cause, command, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, hate, invite, leave, like, oblige, order, permit, persuade, prefer, request, tell, want, warn, wish,
call on, depend upon, long for, wait for, require
宾语补足语是不带to的动词不定式
使役动词：make, have, let
感官动词：see, watch, notice, observe, look at, feel, hear, listen to
+doing或to do意义不同
mean, remember, forget, try, stop, go on, regret, can’t help
want, need, require（需要）+doing/ to be done + doing用主动表被动
动名词作介词的宾语，常用于固定短语和句型中.如：
be/get used to, devote...to..., look forward to, pay attention to, get down to, think of, be proud of, prevent...(from)..., keep...from..., be engage in, feel like, be fond of, contribute to, stick to, have some difficulty/trouble/fun/pleasure/a good time/a hard time(in), there is no need/use/harm/good/hurry(in), when it comes to, succeed in, be committed to...
+doing/to do 意思无差别，但若用于进行时，后面只跟不定式；如果表示一种
倾向，多接动名词作宾语，表示某一特定的或具体的行为，多接不定式.
It was beginning to snow.
I like listening to music, but today I don’t like to.
独立主格结构
名词/代词+现在分词/过去分词/不定式/名词/形容词/副词/介词短语. 可以作时间，原因，条件，方式，伴随状语等.
The manager being ill, Bob is in charge of the company.（原因状语）
Enough time given, we would have done the job much better.（条件状语）
Nobody to come tomorrow, we will have to put off the meeting till next week.（条件状语）
He sat there, his eyes on her back.（伴随状语）
She stood in the front row, her mouth half locked.（方式状语）
分词作状语：悬垂分词的逻辑主语可与句子的主语不一致
Generally speaking（一般来说）；frankly speaking（坦白地说）；judging from（根据...来判断）；considering（考虑到）；supposing（假设）；granted that（就算）
Generally speaking, boys are more interested in such activities than girls.
非谓语动词练习题
We were very excited ______ (hear) the news.（表原因）
______ (get) there on time I got up very early.（表目的）
He rushed to school only (find) there was no body there.（表意想不到的结果）
______ (see) nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.
______(wait) for an hour, he realized he had left his wallet at home.
____________ (ask) to work overtime that evening, I missed a wonderful film.（被动意义，非谓语动词的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前）
______(give) good health, I hope to finish the work this year.
If I am given good health, I hope to finish the work this year.
When ______ (treat) with kindness, he was very lovely.
___________ (absorb) in his book, he didn’t notice me enter the room.
________ (face) with a gradual rise of seawater, some nations in the Pacific are considering moving in the near future.
________ (see) from the top of the hill, the park looks even more beautiful.
________ (see) from the top of the hill, we find the park even more beautiful.
The girl ________ (stare) at him (=As the girl stared at him), he didn’t know what to say.
The problem _________ (solve) (=As the problems were solved), the quality has been improved.
He is going to make a model plane, some old parts _________ (help).
With time ________ (pass) by, he almost forgot everything in the past.
He sat on the chair, with his hands __________ (tie) behind his back.
With a lot of problems _________ (solve), the newly-elected president will have a hard time.
Joe looked closely at his car __________ (see) if it had been damaged.
The construction of the gym caused much noise, _________ (make) it difficult for people to sleep.
- Sorry, Madam. Any problem
- Yes, the fish is served undercooked and with nothing _________ (add).
___________________ (give) the right answer to his difficult question, the teacher of English was pleased and praised me in front of the class.
Although __________ (beat) by the opposite team, the players were not discouraged but practised harder.
__________ (disappoint) at the way he had been treated in the hotel, John complained to the manager.
The question ___________ (discuss) yesterday s important.
He had no chance ___________ (go) to school before liberation.
I have no pen ___________ (write) with.
The house for the low-income families _________________ (build) at present in our city will be completed next year.
- What’s that noise
- There’s a truck stopping outside. It’s someone ______________ (deliver) something.
- Can those __________ (seat) at the back of the classroom hear me
- No problem, sir!
I heard her __________ (sing) an English song just now.（主动，完成）
I heard her __________ (sing) an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.（主动，正在进行）
To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English __________ (speak) as much as possible. （被动，无时间性）
I’m sorry to have kept you __________ (wait) for so long.
Leonardo da Vinci was said __________________ (buy) birds kept in the cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free.
Struggling his way in the dark for a whole night, he finally found himself ___________ (lose) in the forest.
The movie Jurassic Park was a big hit, with its novel idea __________ (strike) a mixture of fear and excitement into people’s hearts.
China is known _________________ (charge) greatly in terms of its cultural values over the past few years.
It’s not easy ____________ (learn) English well. ____________ (read) as much as possible is necessary.
It is no good ___________ (learn) without practice.
It’s important for the figures _______________ (update) regularly.
She has a hot temper, but you will grow ___________ (like) her.
Bill suggested ____________ (hold) a meeting on what to do for the Expo during the vacation.
I had great difficulty ___________ (find) the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.
I like ____________ (swim), but I don’t like ____________ (swim) this afternoon.
The window needs ___________/________________ (clean).
Upon ____________ (arrive) at the airport, he delivered an important speech.
He has nothing to do but ___________ (lie) down and sleep.
He found _______ difficult ___________ (work) out the problem.
I still remember ____________ (take) to the Famen Temple and what I saw there.
_____________ (expose) to sunlight for too much time will do harm to your skin.
Oh, my God! Is this your room The furniture here remains ___________ (cover) with such thick dust!
I have a someone ___________ (thank).
He has a constant urge _____________ (check) for text message.
I have something urgent ____________ (inform) you.
非谓语动词
1. to hear 2. To get 3. to find 4. Seeing 5. Having waited 6. Having been asked 7. Given 8. treated 9. Absorbed 10. Faced 11. Seen 12. Seeing 13. Staring 14. solved 15. to help 16. passing 17. tied 18. to solve 19. to see 20. making 21. added 22. Having been given 23. beaten 24. Disappointed 25. discussed 26. to go 27. to write 28. being built 29. delivering 30. seated 31. sing 32. singing 33. spoken 34. waiting 35. to have bought 36. lost 37. striking 38. to have changed 39. to learn; Reading 40. learning 41. to be updated 42. to like 43. holding 44. finding 45. swimming; to swim 46. to be cleaned; cleaning 47. arriving 48. lie 49. it; to work 50. being taken 51. Being exposed 52. covered 53. to thank 54. to check 55. to inform