(共69张PPT)
Unit 8 Natural disasters
Period 2 Reading
1
课时导入
2
课文呈现
3
考点精讲
4
课堂小结
Do you know what happened on those two days
A An earthquake
There was an earthquake in Taiwan in 1999.Timmy survived. Read Timmy's story and find out what happened to him.
The Taiwan earthquake
It was about two o'clock in the early morning. I was sleeping when the earthquake started. At first, I felt a slight shake. ① Then I heard a loud noise like thunder.
描写感受法：本句描述了地震发生时的感受。我们在写这一
类文章时，通常在开始时要描述一下事情刚发生时的感受。
Soon the real noise came, like bombs under the ground. The earth started to shake. People screamed in fear. ② Some ran out of the building. ③ I tried my best to run out too, but I could not. Outside, people were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were falling down. ④ Then
the walls began to come down too! ⑤
Finally, the noise and shaking ended. It was dark and silent around me. ⑥ I could not see anything at all, and I did not know if anyone else was near me. ⑦ I felt nervous and my heart was beating fast. ⑧ “I'm trapped,” I said to myself. A moment of fear went through my mind, but I told myself to calm down since I was still alive. ⑨
nervously adv . nervousness n.
连词观察法：本句为并列复合句，由并列连词but连接的并列句里含有一个由since 引导的原因状语从句。
I shouted for help, but no one came. I started to pull myself slowly through the dark. Luckily, there was just enough space for me to move.
Hours later, as I was trying to find my way out, I suddenly heard some noise above me. ⑩ I screamed, “Help! Please help! I'm here!” Then I heard shouts from excited people. They quickly moved away the bricks. At last, I saw the bright daylight. I was safe.
在危难的时候要学会求救和自救。
B1) Sandy does not know the meanings of some words in the story. Help her match the words on the left with the meanings on the right. Write the correct letters in the blanks.
1 shake(lind 5) ______
2 scream (line 5) ______
3 come down (line 8) ______
4 silent (line 9) ______
5 at last (line 20) ______
6 safe (line 20) ______
B Timmy and the earthquake
a finally
b fall to the ground
c give a loud high cry
d not in danger
e move quickly from side to side, up and down, etc.
f quiet
e
c
b
f
a
d
B2) Timmy put some pictures he drew on his web page. Help Sandy write the correct caption in the blank under each picture.
I saw the bright daylight. The walls came down.
I screamed for help. Some people ran out of the building.
I was trapped. The earth started to shake.
____________________
____________________
I screamed for help.
Some people ran out of the building.
____________________
I saw the bright daylight. The walls came down.
I screamed for help. Some people ran out of the building.
I was trapped. The earth started to shake.
____________________
____________________
____________________
I saw the bright daylight.
____________________
The earth started to shake.
I was trapped.
The walls came down.
B3) Sandy is telling her classmates about Timmy's story. Check whether she remembers everything correctly. Write a T if a sentence is true or an F if it is false.
1 Timmy was asleep when the earthquake started. ______
2 At first, Timmy heard a loud noise like thunder. ______
3 People ran in the same direction in the street. ______
4 Timmy was trapped in a dark place after the earthquake stopped. ______
5 There was not enough space for Timmy to pull himself through. ______
6 People found Timmy soon after he was trapped. ______
T
F
F
T
F
F
B4) Sandy is writing about what happened to Timmy in her diary. Help her complete her diary entry with the words in the box.
When the earthquake hit Taiwan in 1999, Timmy was (1) ________. He heard a loud noise like (2) ________. Then the noise became louder, like bombs under the ground. People screamed in (3) ________.Then pieces of glass and (4) ________ fell down.
beating bricks calm fear mind nervous
pulled safe saved sleeping thunder trapped
sleeping
thunder
fear
bricks
When the noise and shaking stopped, Timmy was (5)_______ and could not get out. He felt (6) ________ and his heart was (7) ________ fast. A moment of fear went through his (8) ________. Then he tried to (9) ________ down and (10) ________ himself slowly through the dark. Finally, people came and heard his cry for help. They moved away the bricks and (11) ________him. Timmy was (12) ________ at last.
beating bricks calm fear mind nervous
pulled safe saved sleeping thunder trapped
trapped
nervous
beating
mind
calm
pulled
saved
safe
shake / e k/ n. 摇动，震动，为可数名词。
e.g. At night, the shake of the trees in the wind made me feel frightened.
在晚上，树在风中摇摆使我感到害怕。
Shake the bottle before you drink the juice.
在你喝果汁前摇晃一下瓶子。
When I meet an older person, I shake his or her hand.
当我遇到年长的人时，我同他或她握手。
考点1
动词，意为“摇晃，抖动”。
知识点
1
At first, I felt a slight shake.
shake-shook-shaken
shake hands 握手
shake one’s head 摇头
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温馨提示：可返回原文
考题1：[南通] The nurse took the thermometer (体温计), __________ (move quickly from side to side, up and down, etc.) it and put it under my armpit.
shook
【点拨】根据英文提示可知， 此处应为动词shake。且根据句子结构，句中took 和put 与空格处为并列谓语，故shake应用过去式。
in fear 恐惧地
考点2
知识点
2
People screamed in fear.
类似的短语还有
in surprise 惊讶地
in danger 处于危险中
in a hurry 匆忙地
in trouble 处于麻烦中
in pain 处于疼痛中
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e.g. When they heard the strange noise last night, they looked at me in fear.
昨天晚上当他们听到那个奇怪的声音时，他们惊恐地看着我。
Alan stared at the footprints, full of fear.
艾伦盯着脚印，充满了恐惧。
Lucy feared to go out at night.
露西晚上不敢外出。
“fear”作名词，意为“害怕，恐惧”。
fear 也可作动词，意为“害怕；担心”。
(重点) run out of... 从……跑出来
e.g. A dog ran out of the house.
一条狗从屋子里跑了出来。
Our food ran out three days ago.
我们的食物三天前就吃光了。
The lazy man ran out of all his money.
那个懒汉用光了他所有的钱。
考点3
“用光；用尽”，主语常为表示金钱、食品、时间等的名词，主动形式表示被动意义。
run out of sth. “用光某物”，主语是人。
知识点
3
Some ran out of the building.
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有关out of的短语
pull...out of... 把……从……拉出
walk out of... 从……走出
pick...out of... 从……挑出……
in all directions 朝各个方向; 四面八方
e.g. The birds are flying in all directions.
鸟儿们正朝四面八方飞去。
She drove her car in the direction of Shanghai.
她开车驶向上海。
考点4
向……方向，朝……方向
= in every direction
知识点
4
Outside, people were running in all directions while
pieces of glass and bricks were falling down.
He has a good sense of direction, so he never gets lost.
他的方向感很好，所以他从不迷路。
Read the directions before taking the medicine.
吃药前看一下用法说明。
direction 作名词，还可意为“用法说明，操作指南”，通常用复数形式。
have a good/poor/weak sense of direction 意为“方向感很好/很差”。
考题2：[常州] Although the match is moving in an unexpected _______, our team will win finally, I believe.
A. instruction B. introduction
C. position D. direction
【点拨】考查名词辨析。句意为“虽然比赛向着不可预料的方向发展，但是我相信我们队最后将会获胜”。
指令；说明 介绍
位置 方向
D
(易错) glass /ɡlɑ s/ n.
考点5
用作不可数名词时，意为“玻璃”; 用作可数名词时，意为“玻璃杯”。
e.g. These glasses are all made of glass.
这些玻璃杯都是用玻璃制成的。
拓展: a pair of glasses 一副眼镜
a glass of tea 一杯茶
three glasses of juice 三杯果汁
考向
glasses是复数名词，意为“眼镜”
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come down 崩塌，坍塌，是不及物动词短语，其后不能跟名词。
e.g. The building came down last night.
那栋楼昨晚倒塌了。
The snow comes down from the sky.
雪从天空中落下来。
The plane came down on time. 这架飞机准时着陆。
Has your temperature come down 你的体温下降了吗？
考点6
(雨、雪等) 落下
(飞机) 着陆
(价格、温度等) 下降
知识点
5
Then the walls began to come down too!
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come 的其他常用词组
come from 来自 come in 流行
come into 继承 come out 出现，出版
come over 突然感到 come true 实现
come up 被提及 come up with 找到（答案）
silent /'sa l nt/ adj. 寂静的(not speaking or making noise)
e.g. The room was silent. 房间里一片寂静。
He couldn’t speak English and was completely silent during the visit.
他不会说英语，参观过程中一言不发。
She sat there silently for a while and then started weeping.
她坐在那里沉默了一会儿，然后开始哭起来。
考点7
adj. 沉默的，
不说话的
adv. 默默地；无声地
知识点
6
It was dark and silent around me.
考题3：[福建] Photos are _______, but they say a lot about our lives.
A. special B. strange C. silent
【点拨】考查形容词词义辨析。根据转折词but及后面的say 可知，含义上相对应的为silent。句意：照片是无声的，但它们表达了很多关于我们生活的内容。
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特殊的 奇怪的 沉默的
C
(重点) not...at all 根本不；一点也不
e.g. She doesn’t like the film at all.
她一点也不喜欢那部电影。
—Thank you very much. 非常感谢你。—Not at all. 不客气。
考点8
not 常与be 动词、助动词或情态动词连用。
at all 放在句尾用于加强否定语气。
Not at all 可作为客套话，意为“不用谢；别客气”。
知识点
7
I could not see anything at all, and I did not know
if anyone else was near me.
注意
if引导的宾语从句常放在know，ask，wonder 等动词之后。如果主句是一般现在时，从句可根据句中的需要选用时态；如果主句是过去时态，从句要用相应的过去时态。
(重点) if 引导的宾语从句
e.g. We don’t know if it will rain tomorrow.
我们不知道明天是否会下雨。
My father asked me if I finished my homework.
我爸爸问我是否完成了家庭作业。
I want to know whether/if she still lives there.
我想知道她是否还住在那儿。
I don’t know whether or not they will come for our help.
我不知道他们是否要来求我们援助。
考点9
宾语从句用陈述语序。
特别提醒
(1) if 与whether 两者都可意为“是否”，引导宾语从句，有时可以互换。
(2) 宾语从句中有or not时，用whether而不用if。
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考题4：[成都] —How wonderful the school concert is! I wonder _____ our school will hold it next year.
—Sure. It’s our school tradition!
A. how B. if C. where
【点拨】考查宾语从句。根据“ Sure. It’s our school tradition!”可知是想知道学校明年是否会举办音乐节，用if 引导的宾语从句。
怎样 是否 哪里
B
heart /hɑ t/ n. 心脏
e.g. The only sound inside was the beating of his heart.
里面唯一的声音是他的心跳声。
He has a very kind heart.
他有一颗非常善良的心。
Mike learnt this passage by heart.
迈克把这篇文章背熟了。
考点10
内心；心肠
单凭记忆；能背诵
知识点
8
I felt nervous and my heart was beating fast.
beat /bi t/ vi.& vt. (使) 规律作响，作节奏运动; 打败; 敲打
e.g. Someone was beating a drum. 有人在敲鼓。
Our school football team won the final match last week.
上周我们学校足球队赢得了决赛。
The soldiers beat their enemies at last.
士兵们最终打败了他们的敌人。
考点11
辨析: beat 与win
beat “打败”，后常接运动员、球队或对手等。
win “赢得( 比赛、荣誉、地位等)”，后常接a
game, a war, a match, a prize 等。
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一语辨异
I’m sure to win the game because nobody can beat me.
我一定会赢得比赛的，因为没有人可以打败我。
mind /ma nd/ n. 头脑; 心思；思维方式
e.g. He has a sharp mind. 他有着敏锐的头脑。
He changed his mind and decided not to go there.
他改变主意，决定不去那儿了。
考点12
知识点
9
A moment of fear went through my mind, but I
told myself to calm down since I was still alive.
辨析: mind 与heart
mind 指理性，智力之心
heart 指情感之心
拓展: mind 还可作动词，常用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中，意为“介意”，后接代词、名词或动名词，不接不定式。
e.g. Do you mind my (me) standing here
你介意我站在这儿吗？
He always has the country in his heart. 他总是想着国家。
mind 的常用搭配
be out of one’s mind 发疯 keep in mind 记住
change one’s mind 改变主意
come to mind 突然想到
set one’s mind on 下定决心
make up one’s mind 下定决心
never mind 没关系
考题5：[铜仁] —Mr. Chen, my kid is sleeping. Would you mind ______ your radio
—Sorry. I’ll do it at once.
A. turning down B. turn down
C. turning up D. turn up
【点拨】根据“my kid is sleeping” 可知要调低音量，排除C、D；mind doing sth. 表示“介意做某事”， 即mind后用动名词作宾语。
调低(音量)
调高(音量)
A
考题6：[无锡] —How about going to the library this afternoon
—_____ Reading is my therapy.
A. Are you kidding B. You got me there.
C. Don’t you know D. You read my mind.
你在开玩笑吧？ 你难住我了。
难道你不知道？ 你知我心。
【点拨】用情景交际法。句意为“—今天下午去图书馆怎么样？—你知我心。阅读是我的治疗方法”。根据“How about going to the library this afternoon ”可知，此处表建议，结合“Reading is my therapy.”可知，此处为肯定回答，表示赞同。
D
calm down 平静；冷静
e.g. That excited boy quickly calmed down.
那个激动的男孩很快平静下来。
She went out for a walk to calm herself down.
她出去散步，使自己平静下来。
考点13
calm sb. down意为
“使某人平静下来”。
通常不用于进行时。
(重点) since /s ns/ conj. 由于，既然
考点14
引导原因状语从句。
e.g. Since everybody is here, let’s begin the meeting.
既然大家都到齐了，咱们就开会吧。
Steven has learned 300 French words since he was 5 years old.
自史蒂文5 岁起，他已经学了三百个法语单词了。
考向
since还有“自从”的含义，可引导时间状语从句，主从句的时态应为：主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。
Since yellow is the most eye-catching color, it can catch people’s attention.
因为黄色是最引人注目的颜色，所以它能吸引人的注意力。
It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
昨晚肯定下雨了，因为地面是湿的。
I didn’t go to school yesterday because I was ill.
我昨天没去上学，因为我生病了。
辨析: since/as, for与because
since/as 引导原因状语从句，意为“既然”，指双方都知道的或显而易见的原因，常用于句首，不能回答why 引导的问句；since比as 稍微正式一些。
for 意为“ 因为， 由于”， 所说的理由是一种补充说明，且for 连接的分句一般不放在句首。
because 意为“因为”，表示直接的原因或理由，常用于回答 why引导的问句。
考题7：[无锡] ______ we’ve made the promise, let’s keep to it and not give up easily.
A. Whether B. Since
C. Though D. Unless
是否 既然
虽然 除非
【点拨】考查连词。根据“we’ve made the promise, let’s keep to it and not give up easily”可知，此处表达的是因果关系，应用since连接，引导原因状语从句。
B
alive / 'la v/ adj. 活着的(living; not dead)
e.g. She was still alive when I reached the hospital.
当我赶到医院的时候，她还活着。
Who’s the greatest man alive
当今最伟大的人是谁
We found him alive.
我们发现他活着。
考点15
作表语
作后置定语
作宾语补足语
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考题8：His grandfather did his best to keep the tree _______ but it died in the end.
A. alive B. asleep
C. absent D. awake
活着的 睡着的
缺席的 醒着的
【点拨】用词义辨析法。根据句意：但是最后它死了，可知他的祖父尽可能地让树活着。
A
find one’s way out 找到解决的方法; 找到出路
e.g. We tried our best to find our way out, but we failed.
我们竭尽全力去寻找出路，但是我们失败了。
Heavy smoke filled the room, and he could hardly find his way out.
房间里烟雾弥漫，他几乎找不到出路。
考点16
知识点
10
Hours later, as I was trying to find my way out, I
suddenly heard some noise above me.
拓展：与way相关的短语
by the way 顺便提一下
in one’s way 挡着……的路
on one’s way to 在某人去……的路上
no way 不可能，没门
in this way 用这种方式
make one’s way to 前往，去
find 与find out
find “发现；找到”，指发现事物或事情的结果.
find out “查出”，指查出事物或事情的真相。
e.g. Mary looked for her new pen everywhere. She found it in her desk at last.
玛丽四处寻找她的新钢笔，最后她在她的课桌里找到了它。
The policeman found out the truth of the whole thing.
警察查出了整个事情的真相。
above / 'b v/ prep. 在……上面 (at or to a higher place than sb./sth.)
e.g. The plane is flying above the clouds.
飞机在云层上空飞行。
考点17
辨析: above, on 与over
above “在……上面”，表示两者不接触，与below 相对。
on “在……上”，指两者接触。
over “在……正上方”，表示两者垂直，但不接触，与under相对。
反义词为below，在……下面
e.g. The moon is above the trees now. 月亮现在在树的上方。
There is a box on the table. 桌上有个盒子。
There is a bridge over the river. 河上有座桥。
特别提醒
此考点常在“单项选择”或“完形填空”题中考查三者的区别。
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考题9：[绍兴改编] The moon was _________ (在……上面) the tall tree in the east.
【点拨】介词above 表示“在……上面”，符合题意。
above
shout / a t/ n. 呼喊，喊叫声(a loud cry of anger, fear, excitement, etc.)
e.g. We heard a shout for help. 我们听见了呼救声。
He shouted that he couldn’t swim. 他大叫他不会游泳。
They shouted happily. 他们高兴地喊叫。
Shout out the word as loudly as possible.
用最大声喊出这个单词。
考点18
动词，喊叫
shout out 大声喊出
知识点
11
Then I heard shouts from excited people.
辨析: shout at sb. 与 shout to sb.
shout at sb. 意为“对某人大喊大叫”，表示因生气而责备某人的意味。
shout to sb. 意为“大声喊某人”，表示为了让某人听清楚而大声叫喊。
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asleep / 'sli p/ adj. 睡着的(sleeping)
e.g. It is very hot. I can’t fall asleep.
天气很热，我睡不着。
考点19
知识点
12
Timmy was asleep when the earthquake started.
辨析: asleep，sleep，sleeping与sleepy
asleep 表示“睡着”的状态，可以作表语或宾补。
sleep 表示“睡觉”，用作名词或动词。
sleeping 表示“睡着的”，常作定语。
sleepy 表示“困倦的(没睡着)”， 可以作定语或表语。
e.g. He was too tired and fell asleep quickly.
他太累了，很快睡着了。
My brother was asleep on the sofa.
我哥哥在沙发上睡着了。
Children should sleep for more than eight hours every day.
儿童每天睡眠应当多于八小时。
Don’t wake up the sleeping boy. 别把那个睡着的男孩叫醒。
I feel sleepy in class because I stayed up late last night.
课堂上我感到困倦，因为昨晚我熬夜了。
“入睡；睡着”，表动作。
be asleep，意为“睡着”，表状态。
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考题10：[临沂] Soft music can help us fall _____________（sleep）faster and wake up less during the night.
asleep
after /'ɑ ft (r)/ conj. 在……以后(at a time later than something)
考点20
反义词before，意为“在……之前”。
知识点
13
Timmy was trapped in a dark place after the
earthquake stopped.
after 的常用搭配
after all 终究；毕竟
the day after tomorrow 后天
look after 照顾
run after 追赶
day after day 日复一日
e.g. You can play football after you finish your homework.
你完成作业后可以踢足球。
I go swimming every day after work.
每天下班后我都去游泳。
What comes after
后来怎样？
作连词，引导时间状语从句。
作介词，意为“在……之后；
在……后面”。
作副词，意为“后来；以后”。
返回
考题11：[本溪、辽阳、葫芦岛] Teenagers should do some housework _____ they finish their homework.
A. until B. but C. after D. unless
直到 但是 在……之后 除非
【点拨】用词语应用法。根据“ do some housework”及“they finish their homework”可知表达做完家庭作业之后做一些家务活。
C
本节课主要学习了以下知识点，请同学们及时巩固练习：
shake, beat, mind
calm down, in fear
in all directions, not...at all
知识是力量，
梦想是翅膀。
