Unit 4 A good read 单元话题阅读理解【含答案+解析】-2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元重难点高频易错题专练（牛津译林版）

Unit 4 A good read
单元话题阅读理解
一、阅读理解
The snow went on falling, and they could see only a few meters in front of them．
"We should go back," said Judy. She was afraid.
"But where is the path "
Everything was covered with snow．The sky was grey. "What's the time " asked Paul．Judy looked at her watch. "Nearly 5 o'clock．It gets dark in an hour. "
"We must start walking, and hope we find the path．I think the snow's stopping. "said Paul. But it wasn't stopping. The wind was strong. It blew around them, cold and wet．
"Just keep going downhill." said Judy. "We can't go wrong."
Then Paul fell on some rocks．He shouted. "Judy! I've hurt my leg!" He couldn't stand up．His leg hurt too much．
"I'll have to phone for help." said Judy. "I hope the mobile phone works up here!"
Luckily it did. They phoned the mountain service. "Don't move! shouted the man on the phone. Stay where you are, we're sending a team there."
They were not far from the path, so the team found them easily. They were lucky! People often get into trouble when they climb the mountains. You must always tell someone where you are going and take a mobile phone with you. Mountain is a dangerous place to be if things go wrong!
1．What was the weather like
A．Sunny and warm. B．Snowy and windy.
C．Rainy and windy. D．Windy but warm.
2．What were Judy and Paul doing
A．Falling. B．Stopping. C．Climbing. D．Phoning.
3．Who fell down and got hurt
A．Paul. B．Judy.
C．The man in the service. D．A team.
4．Where was the path
A．By a river. B．Downhill.
C．At the foot of the hill. D．Near the climbers．
5．Which is the most useful when you are in mountains
A．Stopping now and them．
B．Getting in touch with the outside world．
C．Using a walking stick．
D．Gong back when there is no path．
6．阅读理解
Kids Go Wild(KGW) is a school holiday program for kids. The program was first started by Sunshine Zoo in 2016 and runs every weekday of school holidays. Children can take part in some different activities in one day. This summer, KGW is bigger and better than ever. The zoo will offer more new activities to kids, such as visiting secret areas of the zoo, watching animals up close, asking zookeepers questions about animals, joining in some cool craft(工艺制作) and having fun with other kids who are also crazy about animals. KGW is expected to bring different and amazing experiences.
Please read the following to learn more about KGW in 2018.
Time 8:30 a.m. --3:30 p.m.
Dates Every weekday of school holidays(July 1 August 31)
Ages 8--14 years old
Cost 35 per person(including morning tea)
Tips Wear comfortable shoes Bring your own lunch and water Follow the zookeepers' instructions
Bookings Tel: 83664428 Website: www. Pay 48 hours ahead 5 tickets at most Half money can be returned if a booking is cancelled 24 hours ahead.
（1）At the zoo this summer, children joining in KGW can___________.
A．visit secret areas of the zoo
B．touch animals gently
C．play games with animals
D．learn more about animals from their parents
（2）When can kids go to the zoo for KGW this year
A．In school holidays this winter.
B．At weekends in July and August.
C．Any day between 8.30 a.m. and 3:30 p.m.
D．On weekdays between July 1 and August 31.
（3）To have a good day at the zoo, kids are advised to_________.
A．wear comfortable shoes B．listen to their teachers
C．bring food as breakfast D．feed animals as they like
（4）When booking,___________.
A．you can buy tickets for more than five kids
B．you can call 83664428 and pay 48 hours ahead
C．you can't get any money back if you cancel the order
D．you can only buy tickets online
（5）What is this passage for
A．To improve kids' abilities.
B．To help kids have a good holiday.
C．To encourage kids to protect animals.
D．To make an advertisement for the zoo.
7．阅读理解
The Latest Books
My ABCs by: Disney Book Group Released(发布): April 3, 2018 Pages: 14 Age Range: 0-2 Santa Bruce by: Ryan T. Higgins Released: September 4, 2018 Pages: 48 Age Range: 3-5
Solo: Star Wars by: Lucasfilm Press Released: September 4, 2018 Pages: 32 Age Range: 6-8 Magic Book: Spells by: Amber Benson, Daron Nefcy Dominic Bisignano Released: September 11, 2018 Pages: 288 Age Range: 9-12
（1）If Tom is 3 years old, he can choose to read.
A．Magic Book: Spells B．Solo: Star Wars
C．Santa Bruce D．My ABCs
（2）Who wrote Solo: Star Wars
A．Amber Benson. B．Lucasfilm Press.
C．Ryan T. Higgins. D．Disney Book Group.
（3）Which book has the most pages
A．My ABCs. B．Santa Bruce.
C．Solo: Star Wars. D．Magic Book: Spells.
（4）What is true about My ABCs
A．It was written by Ryan T. Higgins.
B．It has thirty-two pages.
C．A 6-year-old girl can read it.
D．It came out on April 3, 2018.
（5）The passage may be .
A．a story B．an advertisement
C．a novel D．a poem
8．阅读理解
If you walk into a bookstore, you might see shelves of books labelled(标注) "self-help". You may not know what these books are about. In fact, more and more people are turning to self-help books for advice these days. You can't imagine that sales of these books in the UK reached 3,000,000 last year.
Self-help books are usually written by psychologists (心理学家), famous writers or successful businessmen. They teach you how to deal with problems in your life, for example, how to get on well with your classmates or friends, how to plan your time well or how to find happiness.
Paul Sweetman, the owner of City Books in the UK, said that social problems might be the reason why more people are reading self-help books. "They come into the shop and look for ways to deal with these problems in their life," Paul said. Besides, it seems to be easier for young readers to find their mistakes, especially those born after 2000. They want to improve themselves by reading self-help books.
Self-help books used to be something people laughed at. Many people didn't take chicken soup stories and "success theory(成功学)" books seriously. But now they are recognized by young people.
No matter why there is growing interest in self-help books, it's good to know that help is at hand if we need it. But are these books truly helpful Read one and find out.
（1）From the passage, self-help books are books which .
A．tell us interesting jokes B．provide beautiful poems
C．teach us to deal with problems D．talk about animals and plants
（2）The underlined word "recognized" means in the passage.
A．doubted B．refused C．accepted D．avoided
（3）The writer writes this passage mainly to .
A．increase people's happiness B．introduce self-help books
C．help us to plan time well D．encourage us to write books
9．阅读理解
Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated (附属) islands, which consist of(由…组成)Diaoyu Dao, Huangwei Yu, Chiwei Yu, Nanxiao Dao, Beixiao Dao, Nan Yu, Bei Yu, Fei Yu and other islands, are in the northeast of China's Taiwan Island, in the waters between 123°20'-124°40'E (东经) and 25°40'-26°00'N (北纬). They belong to the Taiwan Island. The total area of these islands is about 5.69 square kilometers.
Diaoyu Dao, in the western tip of the area, covers an area of about 3.91 square kilometers and is the largest island in the area. The highest part on the island stands 362 meters above the sea level. Huangwei Yu, which is about 27 kilometers to the northeast of Diaoyu Dao, is the second largest island in the area, with a total area of about 0.91 square kilometers and a highest height of 117 meters. Chiwei Yu, about 110 kilometers to the northeast of Diaoyu Dao, is the easternmost island in the area. It covers an area of about 0.065 square kilometers and stands 75 meters above the sea level.
Ancient ancestors (远古祖先) in China first discovered and named Diaoyu Dao through their fishing activities on the sea. In China's historical books, Diaoyu Dao is also called Diaoyu Yu or Diaoyu Tai. The earliest historical record of the names of Diaoyu Dao, Chiwei Yu and other places can be found in the book Voyage with a Tail Wind published in 1403. It shows that China had already discovered and named Diaoyu Dao by the 14th and 15th centuries.
These historical reports clearly show that Diaoyu Dao and Chiwei Yu belong to China. The sea waters around Diaoyu Dao is traditionally（传统）Chinese fishing ground. Chinese fishermen have been involved in fishing activities in these waters for generations(世代).
（1）Where is Diaoyu Dao
A．In the northeast of China. B．25°40'-26°00'
C．In the northeast of Taiwan Island. D．123°20'-124°40'
（2）The largest island of Diaoyu Dao is ___________ square kilometers.
A．5.69 B．3.91 C．0.91 D．0.065
（3）The largest island of Diaoyu Dao is _________ meters taller than the second largest one.
A．75 meters B．117 meters C．245 meters D．362 meters
（4）How did ancient Chinese people find Diaoyu Island
A．They grew up there.
B．They wrote historical books there.
C．They worked and fished on the sea there.
D．They drank water there.
（5）Which of the following is NOT true
A．Diaoyu Dao has more than 8 islands.
B．Huangwei Yu is about 110 kilometers to the northeast of Diaoyu Dao.
C．China had already named Diaoyu Dao by the 14th and 15th centuries.
D．The sea waters around Diaoyu Dao is traditionally Chinese fishing ground.
10．阅读理解
You eat to stay fit and keep your body working, right Then reading is food for your mind and soul. Reading informs you of what's happening around. Reading encourages you to think and imagine, think out of the box and imagine the impossible.
In the past, people just read books, only books. Today, we have books online, which makes reading easy. The web, our new storehouse of information, is just a click away. But this is in no way has stolen the magic of reading books, the sound of their pages fluttering(翻页)and the smells of___You can lie in bed with a book, but with a computer you possibly can't. No matter how you read, reading is important.
Remember those bedtime stories We read fun facts about animals, plants and the universe. We ask “why” and “how”. In books, we find the answers. Children who are introduced to reading at an early age seem to have a better understanding of phonics(语音学).They master language skills easily, have a richer vocabulary and have greater reading abilities. Children, who grow up reading good books, mostly stand out. The way they think and act is very different from those who have never been introduced to reading. Reading not only adds to their knowledge but also shape their personalities.
The more you read, the more creative you will become. Reading develops vocabulary, improves language skills and sharpens(使敏捷)your problem-solving abilities. Reading gives you knowledge and makes you more confident. The more you read about others' life experiences, the better decision-maker you will become.
Reading about the importance of reading can lead you to read more and more. So choose a book you like and don't stop reading until you reach the end. And even after that read as much as you can.
（1）Which of the following is TRUE
A．Children should start reading at a young age.
B．Parents should tell their children stories every day.
C．Teenagers should think and act differently from others.
D．Students should find answers to their questions in books.
（2）When you read, the books .
A．must be storybooks
B．should be only about the importance of reading
C．must be paper books
D．should be finished reading
（3）The underlined(画线的)sentence in Paragraph 2 means .
A．reading books is no longer a pleasure to people
B．reading books is less interesting than reading online
C．reading online can't take the place of reading books
D．reading online can't be difficult for people
（4）What can we infer from the passage'
A．More teenagers read online now.
B．What teenagers read builds their future.
C．What children should learn first is phonics.
D．More practice makes reading easier.
（5）What's the best title for the passage
A．Why Is Reading Important
B．What Should Teenagers Read
C．How Is Reading Ability Improved
D．When Should Children Start Reading
11．阅读理解
Bookstores are second homes for readers. Although many people can now buy books online, many readers still like the feeling in bookstores. They can touch(触摸) the books and smell the print.
In China, there are many special bookstores. Sanlian Taofen Bookstore became the first 24-hour bookstore in Beijing at the beginning of April. Popular Holdings in Shanghai is a film-themed bookstore. It has film books and posters. Eslite Bookstore in Taiwan often has activities like talks with famous writers.
At the same time, bookstores outside China can be very colorful, too. Scarthin Books is a small bookstore in the UK. It sells new and second-hand books. There are more than 100,000 books lying on the shelves of the store's 12 rooms. Bart's Books in the US is a good place to enjoy the sunshine(阳光) while reading books. It's an outdoor bookstore. Bookshelves are on the street. When the store is closed, people can still buy books. They just put money into the door's coin box. Where can you find a cafe bar and bookstore in just one place The answer is probably El Pendulo in Mexico. Books line(排列成行) the walls of the store. On the second floor, visitors can order everyday meals in the cafe and drinks from the bar. In order to keep cool, there are green plants and trees inside. Does it look like a park
（1）______ special bookstores inside China are mentioned(提到) in the passage.
A．2 B．3 C．5 D．6
（2）Scarthin Books is ______.
A．a 24-hour bookstore B．an outdoor bookstore
C．in the US D．small
（3）People can still buy books at ______ when it's closed.
A．Bart's Books B．Popular Holdings
C．Eslite Bookstore D．El Pendulo
（4）Readers can ______ at El Pendulo.
A．talk with famous writers B．order meals
C．enjoy the sunshine D．buy film posters
（5）There are ______ inside El Pendulo in order to keep cool.
A．12 rooms B．bookshelves
C．green plants and trees D．coin boxes
12．根据材料内容，选择正确答案。
How to become a better reader
If you wish to become a better reader, here are four important points to remember about speed of reading:
1 Knowing why you are reading-what you are reading to find out-will often help you to know whether to read quickly or slowly.
2 Some things should be read slowly throughout. Examples are directions(指导) for making or doing something, Maths problems, science and history books, which are full of important information. You must read such things slowly to remember each important idea.
3 Some things should be read quickly throughout. Examples are simple stories for enjoyment, letters from friends, news from local, or hometown, newspapers which tell what is happening to friends and neighbours.
4 In some of your readings, you must change your speed from fast to slow and from slow to fast as you go along. You need to read certain pages quickly and then slow down and do more careful readings when you come to important ideas which must be remembered.
（1）According to the passage, your reading speed depends on _______.
A．whether the reading material is easy or difficult
B．what you are reading
C．what your purpose in reading something is
D．both B and C
（2）If one wants to be relaxed by reading, he should take up _______.
A．a storybook B．a book on science and technology
C．letters from friends D．some material full of information
（3）Which of the following readings should you read slowly and carefully
A．Fairy tales. B．Aesop's Fables.
C．Directions for use of a machine. D．An evening newspaper.
（4）Which of the following can best express the main idea of the passage
A．How to decide your reading speed.
B．How to raise your reading speed.
C．How to improve your reading skills.
D．How to choose your reading material.
13．根据材料内容，选择正确答案。
Dear Readers,
Imagine an 11-year-old girl whose days are often spent washing clothes, looking after a baby, working hard in the field.
Imagine a little girl who knows there will not be enough food for dinner, who can't fill her stomach with water because it's polluted, and who has watched life slip away(消失) from her father, little brother and sister because the family is too poor to see a doctor.
Is it hard to believe For Maria Pastora, these are the real life.
Maria would gladly walk miles to school, but her mother, now alone, needs her badly at home. If Maria grows up without any schooling, what will be her future
But for just 52 pennies a day, you can sponsor a child like Maria. Through "Save the Children", you can help Maria's mother get the tools she needs to turn their poor food into a good dinner and the money she needs to buy clothes and school things for Maria.
To help Maria most, your money will be put together with that of other sponsors, so hard-working people can help themselves. Build a school, a hospital……bring in clean water. This is what "Save the Children" has been about since 1932.
For you, there are many rewards. Have the chance to write to or hear from your sponsored child. Receive photos or progress reports. Know you are reaching out to another person, not with a handout(施舍物), but a "hand up". That's how "Save the Children" works. But without you, it can't work. Please take a moment now to fill in and post the form to help a child like Maria and her village.
It can make such a difference in her life and yours.
（1）We can most probably read the letter in _______.
A．somebody's diary B．a newspaper
C．a progress report D．a storybook
（2）From the passage, we can infer that _______.
A．Maria is an 11-year-old girl
B．Maria's family is very poor
C．Maria has to do a lot of hard work
D．Maria hopes to get schooling
（3）What is "Save the Children"
A．An organization to help poor children go to school.
B．An office of the government to collect money.
C．A programme shown at theatres to help the poor.
D．An organization which works for children in poor areas.
（4）The underlined word "sponsor" means "_______" in Chinese.
A．回报 B．资助 C．感恩 D．抢救
（5）What does the last sentence in the letter mean
A．If Maria goes to school, you will be rewarded.
B．What you give is more than what you take.
C．Both Maria's life and yours will change a lot,
D．Marie and you can help each other at school.
答案解析部分
1．B
2．C
3．A
4．D
5．B
主要介绍了一对小伙子在登山时遇到了恶劣的天气并且一人受伤，最后得到及时救助的故事，说明在登山时遇到危险时与外界取得联系是最重要的。
考查阅读理解，首先读懂题意，然后带着问题从文中抓住关键词句，理解句意，最终确定正确答案。
1．细节题。根据But it wasn't stopping. The wind was strong.可知当时的天气是即下着大雪又有很大的风，故选B。
2．细节题。根据Just keep going downhill.和最后一段中People often get into trouble when they climb the mountains可知他们两人是在爬山，故选C。
3．细节题。根据Then Paul fell on some rocks.He shouted."Judy! I've hurt my leg!" 可知是Paul跌倒了伤到了腿，故选A。
4．细节题。根据They were not far from the path可知他们距离道路是很近的，故选D。
5．细节题。根据短文最后一段You must always tell someone where you are going and take a mobile phone with you可知在遇到紧急情况时及时通知救助站的工作人员是最重要的，即与外界取得联系；故选B。
6．（1）A
（2）D
（3）A
（4）B
（5）D
本文主要介绍了一个学校假期项目。
（1）细节理解题。根据The zoo will offer more new activities to kids, such as visiting secret areas of the zoo可知孩子们可以参观动物园的秘密地方，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据表格第二栏Every weekday of school holidays(July 1 August 31)，可知孩子们在7月1日到8月31日的工作日可以参加这个项目，故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据表格第五栏Wear comfortable shoes，可知孩子们被建议穿舒服的鞋子，故选A。
（4）细节理解题。根据表格最后一栏Tel: 83664428及Pay 48 hours ahead，可知订票时可以打电话83664428并提前48小时订票，故选B。
（5）推理判断题。通过通读全文，可知文章是给动物园做的一个广告，故选D。
考查阅读理解，注意读懂文章大意，分析题目和选项，在文章找到相关信息进行判断选择。
7．（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）D
（5）B
本文主要介绍了四本新书。
（1）推理判断题。根据Santa Bruce一栏中Age Range: 3-5，可知三到五岁适合选择Santa Bruce，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Solo: Star Wars及by: Lucasfilm Press，可知Solo: Star Wars是Lucasfilm Press写的，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。通过四个方框中pages一项，可知Magic Book: Spells页数最多，288页，故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据My ABCs一栏Released：April 3, 2018，可知My ABCs在2018年4月3日出版，故选D。
（5）推理判断题。通过通读全文，可知文章是则广告，介绍了四本新书，故选B。
考查阅读理解，注意读懂文章大意，根据问题去文章找到关键词。
8．（1）C
（2）C
（3）B
文章大意：本文主要介绍励志书的相关内容及变得受欢迎的原因。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中第二段 Self-help books are usually written by psychologists (心理学家), famous writers or successful businessmen. They teach you how to deal with problems in your life, 励志书籍通常是由心理学家著名作家或成功的商人写的。他们教你如何处理生活中的问题， 可知，故选C。
（2）词句猜测题。根据前句 Many people didn't take chicken soup stories and "success theory(成功学)" books seriously. 许多人没有认真对待鸡汤故事和“成功理论”书籍。 和此处的but now可知，现在与过去相比较，指的是现在这些励志书已经被年轻人所接受，故选C。
（3）主旨大意题。根据本文内容可知，本文主要介绍励志书的相关内容及变得受欢迎的原因。所以作者的目的是介绍励志书。故选B。
考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解文章大意，其次分析问题和选项，从文中找到依据，最后得出正确答案 。
9．（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
（4）C
（5）B
文章大意：本文主要讲述了钓鱼岛的基本情况及通过一些些历史报告表明钓鱼岛是属于中国的。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中第一段 Diaoyu Dao and its affiliated (附属) islands, …… are in the northeast of China's Taiwan Island钓鱼岛及其附属岛屿 …… 在中国台湾岛的东北部 ，可知，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中 第二段Diaoyu Dao, in the western tip of the area, covers an area of about 3.91 square kilometers and is the largest island in the area.钓鱼岛位于该海域的西端，面积约3.91平方公里，是该海域最大的岛屿。 可知，故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据文中第二段 The highest part on the island stands 362 meters above the sea level. 岛上最高的部分海拔362米。 和 is the second largest island in the area, …… and a highest height of 117 meters.是该地区第二大岛，最高海拔117米。 可知，362-117=245，故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据文中第三段 Ancient ancestors (远古祖先) in China first discovered and named Diaoyu Dao through their fishing activities on the sea. 中国的远古祖先第一次发现并命名钓鱼岛是在他们的海上捕鱼活动中。 可知，故选C。
（5）细节理解题。根据文中 Huangwei Yu, which is about 27 kilometers to the northeast of Diaoyu Dao黄尾屿，位于钓鱼岛东北约27公里处 。可知，B项所述“ 黄尾屿位于钓鱼岛东北约110公里处。 ”是错误的，故选B。
考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，了解文章大意，然后分析问题和选项，从文中找到依据，最后得出正确答案。
10．（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
（5）A
本文叙述阅读的重要性以及阅读对人的影响。（1）A是非判断题。根据Children who are introduced to reading at an early age seem to have a better understanding of phonics(语音学).可知A选项正确。（2）D细节理解题。根据So choose a book you like and don't stop reading until you reach the end.可知读书应当读完整，故选D。（3）C细节理解题。根据 You can lie in bed with a book, but with a computer you possibly can't.K可知作者想表达的意思是读书是不能被电子书替代的，故选C。（4）B 细节理解题。根据 Children, who grow up reading good books, mostly stand out. The way they think and act is very different from those who have never been introduced to reading.读书对孩子的成长起到重要作用，故应选B。（5）A主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的是阅读的重要性因此应选择答案A。
11．（1）B
（2）D
（3）A
（4）B
（5）C
短文大意：这篇短文说的是有关中国和世界各地的书店的内容，各地的书店都有它们自己的特色，为读者提供了良好的读书和卖书的场所。（1）细节理解题。根据文中第二自然段关于中国特色书店的描述，其中提到Sanlian Taofen Bookstore 、Popular Holdings 、Eslite Bookstore 三个书店,所以该选B。（2）细节理解题。根据文中原句Scarthin Books is a small bookstore in the UK. Scarthin Books是英国的一个小书店，所以该选D。（3）细节理解题。根据文中关于Bart's Books 的原句When the store is closed, people can still buy books.可知当书店关门了，人们仍然可以买到书，所以该选A。（4）细节理解题。根据文中有关El Pendulo的描述On the second floor, visitors can order everyday meals in the café and drinks from the bar.可知在二楼人们可以点来自酒吧的餐饮和日常膳食。所以该选B。（5）细节理解题。根据文中原句In order to keep cool, there are green plants and trees inside.可知为了保持凉爽，在里面有绿色植物和树，所以该选C。
12．（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）A
文章主要向我们介绍了如何进行阅读，如何掌控自己的阅读速度。
(1)细节理解。根据文中Knowing why you are reading-what you are reading to find out-will often help you to know whether to read quickly or slowly.可知阅读内容和阅读意图决定了我们的阅读速度。故选D。
(2)细节理解。根据文中Examples are simple stories for enjoyment,可知当想要通读阅读来放松的时候最好读故事书。故选A。
(3)细节理解。根据文中directions for making or doing something可知当阅读说明书的时候应该放慢阅读速度，仔细阅读，故选C。
(4)主旨大意。通读全文可知文章主要告诉我们如何控制自己的阅读速度，故选A。
通读全文，了解文章大意，带着问题到原文中寻找答案。
13．（1）B
（2）D
（3）D
（4）B
（5）C
本文是一则慈善机构发出的广告，呼吁大家加入慈善组织，帮助贫困地区的儿童。
(1)推理判断。通读文章可知是一个慈善机构发出的广告，呼吁大家帮助贫困儿童。故应该最有可能出现在报纸上。故选B。
(2)推理判断。根据文中Maria would gladly walk miles to school, but her mother, now alone, needs her badly at home. 可知Maria非常想去上学。故选D。
(3)推理判断。通读文章可知救助儿童会是一个帮助贫困地区儿童的慈善组织，故选D。
(4)词义猜测。根据上下文可知sponsor的意思为“资助”，故选B。
(5)句意概括。文章最后一句话为It can make such a difference in her life and yours.即你和玛利亚的生活都会发生改变，故选D。
通读原文，注意从原文中找出答案。