Unit 4 Information Technology 知识点总结 清单（讲义）-2024-2025学年高中英语北师大版（2019）必修第二册

Unit4 Information Technology
Topic Talk& Lesson 1
1.enable vt. 使能够，使成为enable sb. to do sth.
实现更好的沟通 enable better communication
able adj. unable adj. enable vt. disable vt. 使丧失能力 disabled adj.
en-:使处于…的状态 endanger/ enrich/ ensure encourage/ enjoy/ enclose vt. 围住
2.effect n. 影响，结果
e.g. The new traffic rules will come into effect (开始实施，开始生效)next year to reduce traffic jams effectively(有效地 adv.). However, whether it will take effect(见效，生效) and have a positive effect on(对…有影响) people’s life will rely on their practical action.
side effect 副作用 cause and effect 因果 in effect 事实上，实际上
3.addicted adj. 上瘾的 be addicted to doing sth. 沉迷于
addiction n. drug addiction 毒瘾
addict v. & n. 对…入迷的人 addict oneself to doing sth.
Those who are addicted to Tik Tok have much difficulty in getting rid of the addiction.
4.admit (1) v. 承认 admit (to) sth./doing sth./having done sth.
e.g. 面对证据，他别无选择，只能承认自己的罪行。
Faced with evidence, he had no choice but to admit (to) his crime.
(2) vt. 准许进入，接收入学 be admitted to… 被录取，被接纳，成为…一员
e.g. 小伙已经被牛津大学录取。 Xiaohuo has been admitted to Oxford University.
admission n. 承认，准许加入，入场费
5.alarm （1）n. 闹钟，警报器，惊慌 set off the alarm 触动警报器 in alarm 惊慌地
(2) vt. 使担心，害怕 alarming adj. alarmed adj.
6.fancy （1）adj. 别致的，花哨的，奢华的
e.g. 这些衣服对我来说太花哨了，穿不了。 The clothes are too fancy for me to wear.
fancy cars/houses
(2) vt. 想要，想象 fancy doing sth. fancy oneself as…/to be…
(3) n. 爱好，想要 have a fancy for 爱好
7.trick （1）vt. 欺骗，欺诈 trick/cheat sb. into sth./into doing sth.
(2) n. 诡计，戏法，诀窍 perform magic tricks表演魔术
捉弄某人：play a trick/tricks on sb. make a fool of sb. make fun of sb. play a joke/jokes on sb.
8.appear (1) vi.起源，出现
(2) 显得，似乎，看来 it appears (to sb.) that…
e.g. 我觉得我们班女生都很有吸引力。 It appears to me that the girls in my class are attractive.
disappear vi. 消失 appearance n. 外表；出现 disappearance n.消失
e.g. The little girl struck a match. She saw that her grandmother appeared, looking so kind, but soon her grandmother disappeared. She struck another match and saw a group of fairies with good appearance coming towards her, but they also disappeared soon. Their appearance made her happy, but their disappearance made her upset.
9.Yet, very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and use.
variety (1) n.种类，变体，变化
e.g. 各种各样的花 a variety of flowers/varieties of flowers/all sorts of flowers
(2) various adj. vary vi. 相异，改变 vary in 在… 方面不同
vary with 随…而变化 vary from…to…从…到…不同
e.g. 那个新公园有品种繁多的鲜花，还提供各种各样可以玩的东西，游客有孩子也有成人。
The new park, where there are various kinds of flowers, offers a variety of things to play with, and the visitors vary from children to adults.
10. instant (1) adj.立刻的，速食的 instant coffee 速溶咖啡
e.g. 和预期相反，这部电影一上映即获得成功。Contrary to expectations, the film was an instant success.
n. 瞬间，某一时刻
the instant (that)… 一…就…（引导时间状语从句） =the minute/second/moment…
e.g. 这个男孩一看到这个女孩就爱上她了。 The instant the boy saw the girl, he fell in love with her.
instantly (1）adv. = immediately 立刻 马上 (2) conj. 一…就…
我一做完作业就回家了。I went home instantly I had finished work.
11. experiment n.& vi. 实验 experiment with/on… 用…做实验 experimental adj. 实验性的
perform/carry out/do/conduct an experiment 做实验
e.g. 在我看来利用动物做实验是错误的。It appears to me that experimenting on animals is wrong.
12. concern n.担心，关爱，重要的事情
e.g. 人们越来越关注环境保护。There is growing concern about/for/over environmental protection.
(2)vt.让某人担忧
e.g 让我们担心的是我们对期末考试缺乏准备。
What concerns us is our lack of preparation for the final examination.
(3)vt.涉及，与…有关 be concerned with… 和…有关
(4) concerned adj. 担心的，关切的,相关的
be concerned about 对…担忧 担忧的表情：a concerned look/expression
(5) concerning prep. 涉及，关于 as far as I am concerned 就…而言
e.g. The mayor was very concerned about the workers’ safety. He showed much concern for those who worked underground and asked them some questions concerning safety. He asked the officials concerned to put safety at the first place.
13. risk n.风险，危险 at risk 处境危险 at the risk of doing sth.
run/take the risk of doing sth.冒着做某事的危险
(2)vt. 冒险做 risk doing sth.
14. view (1) vt. 看作 view sb./sth. as
XXX被视作班级里最帅的男生。XXX is viewed as the most gorgeous boy in our class.
(2)n. 景色，观点，视野
in view 在视线范围内 out of view 不在视野中
come into view 出现在视野中 in my view 在我看来
Lesson2
1.latest adj. 最新的；最近的her latest works 她的最新作品latest technology 最新科技，最新工艺
2.app = application
make an application (to sb.) for sth. (向某人) 申请……an application form 申请表
apply v. 申请，请求；应用，使用apply to 适用于
apply...to... 把……应用于……apply (to...) for... (向……) 申请……applicant n. 申请人
3.deliver sth. (to sb.) 投递/ 传递某物(给某人)
deliver a speech 发表演说be delivered of a child = give birth to a child 生孩子
Lesson3
1.harm v.伤害　n.损害;伤害
(1)do harm to sb/sth=do sb/sth harm对某人/物有害
(2)harmful adj.有害的harmless adj.无害的 be harmful/harmless to对……有害/无害
2. argument n.论点;论据;争吵,争辩
(1)have an argument with sb和某人争吵 heated argument激烈的争论
(2)argue v.争论;争吵;争辩
argue with sb about/over sth与某人就某事进行争论argue for/against sth支持/反对某事
3. replace v.取代;接替;放回原处
(1)replace...with/by...用……替换……be replaced with/by被……取代(2)replacement n.替换;替代品;替代人
4. concentrate v.专注,专心;集中注意力(1)concentrate on集中精力于
concentrate one’s attention/efforts/thoughts on 将某人的注意力/努力/思绪集中于
(2)concentration n.专心;专注;注意力
5.rewarding adj.有益的;有意义的reward vt.& n.奖励;奖赏reward sb with sth for (doing) sth因(做)某事用某物奖励某人
in reward for/as a reward for作为对……的回报
addition n. 增添; 添加
(1)in addition 除此之外(2)add v. 加; 增加; 补充add. . to.把…添加到(3)additional adj. 额外的, 附加的
7. content n. 内容, 目录; 满足; 容量　adj. 满意的
be/feel content with. . . 对……满足/满意
content 表示(书、讲话、节目等的)主题、主要内容时, 用单数形式。表示目录、所容纳之物或所含之物时, 用复数形式
8. focus vi. 给予某物关注　n. 焦点focus on 集中于
be absorbed in 全神贯注于bury oneself in sth. 埋头于或专心致志于某物
fix one's eyes/ attention/ thoughts on 全神贯注于devote… to…/ be devoted to 献身于，全身心地投入
spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力地做某事
9. brief adj. 简洁的，简明的news briefing 新闻发布会
briefing n. 情况介绍会；简报；详细指示，详情介绍
briefly adv. 简短地，简要地；短暂地，暂时地
10.limiting adj. 局限的；限制性的limit n. 限度，限制；极限，限量；v. 限制，限定；制约
Writing workshop&reading club
1 .location n. 位置；地点
the location of... ……的位置a perfect location 一个完美的位置
locate vt. 找出……的位置；定位；使坐落于located adj. 位于
2 .optional adj. 可选择的；非强制的
an optional activity 非强制性的活动an optional subject 一门选修科目
option n. 选择；可选择的东西 have no option but to do 除做……外别无选择
He has no option but to accept the job. 除了接受这份工作他别无选择。
3.amazing adj. 了不起的；惊人的an amazing discovery/success 一项惊人的发现/成功
amaze vt. 使吃惊；使惊悸 amazed adj. 吃惊的；惊奇的 amazement n. 惊奇；惊异
be amazed at/by... 对……感到惊讶 be amazed to find... 惊讶地发现in amazement 吃惊地
to one’s amazement 令某人吃惊的是
-ing 形容词常用来说明事物或人本身具有的特征，意为“令人……的”；
-ed 形容词常用来描述人的感觉，意为“感到……的”，还可以描述人的表情、声音等。
4.have...in common （ with ）（与……）有……共同之处
have much/a lot/something/nothing/little in common with与……有很多/有些/没有/几乎没有共同之处
in common with 与……一致（介词短语作状语）
5. come alive 变得有趣 / 生动 / 精神 / 热闹
The instant they heard the good news，they came alive immediately.
一听到这个好消息，他们立刻活跃了起来。
come alive 是不及物动词词组，不用于被动语态。
come to life 活跃起来 keep sth alive 使……继续存在
6. accessible adj. 易懂的；易得到的；易使用的；（人）易于接近的
be accessible to 可接近的；可接触的；进入某地
We should make our efforts to make education accessible to all the children.
我们应该努力使所有儿童都能接受教育。
access n. （接近的）方法；通路；可接近性 vt. 接近；进入；获取；访问
have/gain access to 接近；获得
have no access to 没机会接触
Many people in the world have no access to clean drinking water.
世界上很多人没机会接触干净的饮用水。