Unit9 单词拓展
Topic talk
1.approach vt .& vi .接近;靠近;走近;处理 n .接近;方法;途径(近义词: method , way )
an approach to ...(做某事的)方法/途径;通往……的道路
at the approach of 在快到……的时候
with ... approaching 随着……的临近
◆ approach 表示"·……的方法/途径"时,其后常接介词 to ;
当表示"某人或某物走近"时,其后常接介词 of 。
Lesson1
2.assume vt .假定;设想;承担;认为( assumption n .假定;设想;担任;采取)
assume sb / sth to be ...认为某人(事)……
assuming ( that )..假设……(引导条件状语从句)
It is assumed that ...人们认为……make an assumption 认为;假定
3. reflect vt .显示;反射;思考 vi .思考( reflection n .反射;映像;沉思)
on reflection 再三考虑
◆表示"考虑;思考"的词汇还有 consider 、 take sth into account / consideration 等。 reflect on / upon sth 反省/认真思考某事
4. argue vi .& vt .讨论;争论;说服;辩论( argument n .争论;争辩;论点近义词: discuss , debate )
argue with sb about / over sth 与某人争论某事
argue for / against sth 支持/反对某事
argue sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事
argue sb out of doing sth 说服某人不要做某事
beyond argument 无可争论
◆表示"说服某人做某事"的表达还有 persuade sb to do sth 、 persuade sb into doing sth , convince sb todo sth 、 talk sb into doing sth 等。
end up的三种用法如下1 2 3 4:
①. end up doing sth. 最后做某事,停止做某事。
②. end up with sth. 以某事结束。
③. end up in 以…结束。
④end up as 作为...结束
promote vt .促进;提升;推销( promotion n .提升;晋级;促销活动 promoter n . 办人;倡导者)
promote sb ( from sth ) to sth 把某人(从某职位)提升到某职位
be promoted to... 被提升为
get / win / gain promotion 获得晋级/提升
work out弄懂某事物;计算出=figure out
in short总而言之;简单地说=In summary =In a word =to sum up=in brief=all in all
attempt vt. 试图,尝试n. 进攻,尝试,
变形:过去式: attempted; 现在分词:attempting; 过去分词:attempted;
attempt to do 尝试做某事=attempt at doing
make an attempt to do尝试做某事=make an attempt at doing
at the heart of在…的中心
be unlikely to do sth 不太可能做什么 be likely to do sth 很可能会做
base vt .以……为根据 n .基底;基地;基础( basis n .基础;基本原则 basic adj .基本的;基础的basically adv. 基本上;从本质上来说)
base ... on / upon .把……建立在……基础之上
be based on / upon ...以……为基础;依......*
on the basis of ...根据……;在……的基础上
" base ... on / upon ..."结构中, base 是及物动, base 后要跟宾语,否则要用被动形式" be based on / upon ".
13. exist vi .存在;生存( existence n .存在;生存)
exist in 在于…… exist on = live on 靠……生存
There exist ( s )...有……
come into existence 出现;产生=come into being
◆ exist 没有被动语态,且通常不用于进行时
There exist ( s )...表示"存在……有……", there 不可换成 it
14. ignore vt .忽视;置之不理[ ignorance n .无知;愚昧 ignorant adj .(人)无知的;无教养的;不知道的]
in ignorance of 不知道…… be ignorant of 对……不了解
Lesson2
16.sb be familiar with sth 某人对某事物熟悉
sth be familiar to sb 指某事物为某人所熟悉
novel /’n v l/n.小说 adj. 新颖的,珍奇的
sufficient /s ’f nt/ adj.充足的 insufficient adj. 不充分的,不够重要的
input /’ nput/ n.输入;投人 output v./n 输出
be honoured to do sth很荣幸做某事
in honour of “为向……表示敬意”“为纪念……”
辅音字母开头不定冠词却用an的单词 hour、honour、honest……
以元音字母开头不定冠词却用a的单词unit useful/useless university uniform usual united european
in one way or another不管怎样
recommend vt .推荐;建议
recommend sth . to sb = recommend sb . sth 向某人介绍某物,向某人推荐某物
recommend sb . to do sth 建议某人做某事 recommend doing sth 建议干某事
recommend that 建议……(从句中用" should +动词原形", should 可省略)
It is / was recommended that ...有人建议……(从句中用虚拟语气)
Lesson3
arrangement n.安排;筹划 (arrange vt.筹备;安排;整理)
make arrangements for... 为……做准备
arrange sth for sb 为某人安排某事
arrange (for sb )to do sth 安排(某人)做某事
arrange that... 商定……;安排……
“安排某人做某事”不能说arrange sb to do sth,应该说arrange for sb to do sth
arrange后跟that从句时,从句中谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形”
excitement n. 兴奋,激动 excite vt.引起,激起;刺激...使...兴奋
exciting adj. 令人兴奋的,令人激动的 excited adj. 激动的,兴奋地
as a result 结果 as a result of 由于;作为……的结果
result in 引起;导致 result from 由……引起
without result 毫无结果地;无效地;徒劳地
take it easy轻松;不紧张;从容
take one’s time 不匆忙;从容
take sth seriously 认真对待某事
take...for granted/take it for granted that... 认为……理所当然
take...as... 把……当作……
“把...当作”的表达:regard/treat/think of/consider......as.....
journal n. 日记,日志,杂志,期刊 journey n.&v. 旅行,旅途
moreover adv. 此外,而且
表示"此外,而且"的表达还有 besides, additionally, furthermore, in addition, what’s more
in addition to 此外,除了 to 为介词
expose vt.使接触;使体验;显露;使暴露于 (exposed adj.无遮蔽的;无保护的 exposure n.暴露;揭露)
expose sth/sb/oneself to 使某物/某人/某人自己暴露于
·be exposed to 暴露于;经受……
expose sth/sb/oneself to结构中的to是介词,后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语
digit n. 数字 digital adj. 数码的,数字的
sharp adj. 急剧的,猛烈的;尖的,锋利的 sharpen vt. 使变锋利,削尖