课件55张PPT。八年级上册12HelpModuleUnit 1
What should we do before help arrives?
Answer the questionWhen something is broken, can you use it again?NoWhat is a window made of?glassWhat do you call a table, chairs, cupboard, etc ?furnitureIn which room do we cook and eat foods?The kitchenKey words :
broken, glass, medical, imagine, bottom,
at the bottom of…, wrong, What’s wrong with…?,
trouble, lift, lift up, drop, make sure
2. key structure:
But he could have trouble hearing you or speaking to you.
No, that could be harmful.
Betty, you must know!
3. Ability:
To listen and understand conversation about first aid.
To listen for specific information.
To talk about safety and first aid.
Teaching aimsReviewWords and expressions学生早读时已预习过本单元单
词，可利用几分钟时间带学生快速回顾温习。对单词的熟练度越高，阅读的速率也越高。Read the words and expressions loudly./'br??k?n/
/gla:s/
/ste?z/
/eId/
first aid
/'medIkl/
/I'm?d?In/
破碎的 adj. broken玻璃 n.glass楼梯 n.（pl.）once救助；帮助 n. 急救stairsWords and expressionsimagine 想象;设想v.
medical医学的；医疗的 adj./'b?t?m/
at the bottom of...
/r??/
what's wrong with...?
/'tr?bl/
/lIft/
底部；下端 n.buttom 在......的底部有毛病的;有错误的adj.
不正确的；错误的 adv. wrong怎么了？问题；烦恼；困难 n.举起；抬起；提起 v.
电梯 n.lifttrouble/'harm:ful/
/dr?p/
/'treInI?/
make sure
/'k?v?/
lift up有害的 adj.harmful使落下；投下 v.training训练；培训 n.cover确保；确认drop盖；盖上 v.抬起；提起What is first aid?First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found. First aid is the emergency treatment for an injured or sick person before professional medical care.What has happened to them?What can you do to help these people?Nowadays there are a lot of accidents in our daily life. What would you do in such situations?Important Numbers120
119
110Emergency medical serviceFire departmentPolice department First aid is the science of giving medical care to a person before a doctor can be found. Anyone with the knowledge can give first aid; you don’t have to be a doctor. First aid, if quickly and correctly given, can save a person’s life.Summary1 work in pairs. Talk about the pictures.
Use the words in the box to help you.accident broken dangerous
furniture glass kitchen stairsMatch the sentence with the picture:
It’s dangerous to run down the stairsThe piece of furniture is heavy and the boy cannot lift it.There’s some broken glass in the kitchen.2 Listen and check what the pictures
are about?Accident often happen before you notice them. You could fall when you go down the stairs at school. It’s quite dangerous in the kitchen
At home because broken glass or knives can cut you. And moving heavy furniture is dangerous too. You could drop it and hurt your foot.Then work in pairs and describe the picture in more sentence.3. Watch and readEveryday EnglishWhat can we do to…?
How we do that? How can we do that?
Ms James: This morning’s class is about first aid, or
giving someone basic medical help. Let’s imagine an
accident. A boy is lying at the bottom of the stairs.
He isn’t moving or making a sound. He is in pain.
What can we do to help him?
Betty: First of all, find out what’s wrong with him.
Ms James: How do we do that?
Betty: Ask him.
Ms James: Ok. But he could have trouble hearing
you or speaking to you.
Lingling: Shout for help? Call 120? Listen and read.at the bottom of…
在…的底端，底部find out
查明；发现；找到Ms James: Good idea, but what should we do before
help arrives?
Tony: Make him comfortable.
Ms James: And how can we do that？
Tony: Lift him up and sit him on a chair?
Ms James: No, that could be harmful! You could
drop him and hurt him even more. Betty, you must
know! You did some basic medical training.
Betty: Make sure he’s warm. Cover him with a coat.
Ms James: That’s such good advice that you could
be a doctor, Betty!Now read these first aid suggestions
and decide if they are good ideas (√)
or bad ideas (×).
1 Ask the boy what is wrong.
2 Get help.
3 Shout so the boy can hear you.
4 Move the boy to a more comfortable place.
5 Make sure the boy is warm.×√√×√4 Complete the passagebottom Cover drop harmful imagine lift
medical pain Let’s (1) _______ you see a boy lying at the(2)________ of the stairs. What should you do? Call for (3) ________ help immediately. Do not (4)_____ the boy up and sit him on a chair. This could be (5) ________ for him! Even worse, you might (6)______ him while you are moving him! That would cause a lot of (7)_____. (8)______ him with a coat and make sure he is warm. Then wait for the doctors to arrive.imaginebottommedicalliftharmfuldroppainCoverLanguage points1. aid n. 救助；帮助
help with doing something
first aid 急救
basic medical treatment given as soon as someone is injured or becomes ill
There are classes in first aid and classes in gardening. 2. medical adj. 医学的；医疗的
relating to medicine and the treatment of injuries and diseases
If we fall ill, medical technology will help us recover.
All mothers of children under one year old must bring them to the medical centre tomorrow morning.3. imagine v. 想象，设想
to form a picture of something or someone in your mind
Kevin tried to imagine his future, but he couldn't find anything to believe in.
This competition was much more difficult than he had imagined. 4. bottom n. 底部；下端
the lowest part of something
at the bottom of... 在……的底部
She ran down to the bottom of the hill.
There is some Chinese writing on the bottom of the plate. 5. What's wrong with... ……怎么了？
used for asking someone who looks ill or sad to tell you what problem they have, or used for asking why something such as a machine is not working
"What's wrong with Grandma?" Eleanor asked.
"I think it's time you know what's wrong with me," I started.6. trouble n. 问题；烦恼；困难
problems, worries, or difficulties
Dolphins will help each other if one of their friends becomes sick or is in trouble.
Wang Dan has never been in trouble at school before.7. lift
v. 举起；抬起；提起
lift up 抬起；提起
to move something to a higher position
n. 电梯
a machine that carries people up or down between different levels of a tall building One camera is lifted up in the air on a crane.
We went up to the fourth floor in the lift.
The lift is moving upwards.8. harmful adj. 有害的
causing harm
I wondered if fresh water was harmful to seals.
For large numbers of people, the absence of work is harmful to their health.9. drop v. 使落下；投下
to deliberately let something fall
There is the rubbish dropped by people on the streets.
Margaret dropped the letters onto her desk.10. training n. 训练；培训
the process of training people or being trained for a profession or activity
Tom's father wants to pay all the costs for my training.
You need more experience and you need training.11. make sure 确保；确认
to check something so that you can be sure about it
I think the door's locked, but I'd better go and make sure it is.12. cover v. 盖；盖上
to put one thing over another, in order to protect or hide it
Cover the food until you are ready to eat it.
The walls are covered in pictures cut from magazines.分析:我们在朗读英语或用英语交谈时，
并不是句子中的每个词都读得一样响亮，一样清楚，而是有些词读得或说得又轻又快，而且较为含糊，有些词则读得或说得又重又慢，而且较为清晰。那些读得或说得响亮而清晰的词就是句子重音所在。Pronunciation 1 Let’s imagine an accident.
2 What can we do to help him?
3 Find out what’s wrong with him.
4 Make sure he’s warm.
5 Cover him with a coat.5 Listen and underline the words the speaker stresses.
6 Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions .
Student A: You are a teacher of basic medical training.
Student B: You are a student of basic medical traning.
—What do you do if someone’s hurt?
— Ask him/her what happened…我们学习过情态动词can和could表示“能够”，表示对现在或将来的推测，意为“会，可能”，往往用于否定句和疑问句。用于疑问句时，can比could表示的“可能性”要大；用于否定句时，cannot (can’t) 表示“不可能”。如：
You can’t be serious!
你不是认真的吧！
could则可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。在以下例句中，can和could均表示可能：
He could be in pain.他可能很疼。
That could be harmful!那可能有害！
Can/Could this be true?这有可能是真的吗？情态动词must, can, could表示推测情态动词must也可以表示猜测，意思为“一定，准是”，通常只用于肯定句。如课文中的 例子：
Betty, you must know!贝蒂，你肯定知道！
请仔细对比下列一组句子：
Who sent the present? Can it be your brother?
是谁送来的礼物啊？会是你哥哥吗？ （询问 可能性）
It must be your brother. I saw him in your room just now.
肯定是你哥哥，我刚才看见他在 你的房间里。
（语气强烈，表示非常肯定）
It can't be my brother. He is still in France.
不可能是我哥哥，他还在法国呢。（表示不可能）一、根据句意及首字母提示，写出相应的单词。
1. First aid is the science of giving m_____ help to a person before a doctor can be found.
2. I can just i_______ what the place is going to look like in a few years’ time.medicalimagineQuiz3. He l____ his head as the others came into the room.
4. I s__ him down in the armchair by his bed.
5. I must have d_______ my scarf on the bus. lifted sat dropped二、根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. 在这页的末尾签上名字。
Sign your name ______________ the page.
2. 吃肉有什么不妥？我觉得很正常。
________________ eating meat? I think it’s natural.at the bottom of What’s wrong with3. “你锁前门了吗？”“我想是的，但我最好还是去查看一下。”
— Did you lock the front door?
— I think so, but I’d better _________.
4. 这个厨房很小，我不必太费劲就可以保持它的清洁了。
It’s ____ a tiny kitchen ____ I don’t have to do much to keep it clean.make suresuch that1.?Jenny?______?with?him?at?that?time,?for?I?was?having?dinner?with?her?in?my?home. A.?can’t?have?been ?B.?mustn’t?have?been? C.?must?have?been ?D.?may?have?been 2.?It?is?cold?in?the?room.?They?______?have?turned?off?
the?heating. A.?must? B.?ought?to ?C.?should ?D.?could 3.?—?Someone?is?knocking?at?the?door. —?Who?______?it?be?at?this?hour?of?day? A.?may?B.?can?C.?must?D.?should 4.?I?didn’t?hear?the?phone.?I?______?asleep. A.?must?be?B.?must?have?been? C.?should?be?D.?should?have?been AABB三 单项选择5.?Johnson?______?be?a?policeman.?He?is?much?too?short. A.?may?B.?mustn’t?C.?should?D.?can’t 6.?—?Jack?fell?off?a?ladder?yesterday,?but?he?was?all?right. —?He?is?lucky.?He?______?himself?badly. A.?can?have?hurt?B.?could?have?wounded?
C.?might?have?hurt?D.?must?have?wounded 7.?—?Who?told?you?the?news? —?I?don’t?remember?clearly.?It?______?Mary. —?It?______?Mary.?She?doesn’t?know?it. A.?may?have?been;?can’t?be? B.?can?be;?mustn’t?be? C.?must?have?been;?can’t?have?been? D.?may?have?been;?may?not?beDCAFill in the blanks with the correct words or expressions in brackets.
It’s very dangerous. You _______(must/mustn’t) keep away from it!
They _______(could/mustn’t) still win – the game isn’t over yet.
_____________(Move/Don’t move) the boy if he’s broken his arm.
________(Keep/Don’t keep) the boy warm. He’s freezingmustcouldDon’t moveKeep Homework Read activity 3 again and again.
Preview Unit 2.课件69张PPT。八年级上册12ModuleUnit 2
Stay away from windows and
heavy furniture.Helpmust, can, may表示“推测”
顺口溜：can 不肯，
may 不问，
must 肯定不否问。 can不肯，即：can?(could)?一般不用于肯定句；
may不问，即：may?(might) 一般不用于疑问句；must肯定不否问，即：must一般仅用于肯定句，不用于否定句和疑问句。 1、表示有把握的推测时，肯定句用must?(一定，准是)，否定句用can’t?(不可能，一定不)。
must(can’t)?+?动词原形，表示对现在情况的推测。must(can’t)?+?be?doing,?表示对现在正在进行的情况的推测。must(can’t)?+?have?done，表示对过去情况的推测。如：
You?must?be?hungry?after?a?long?walk.? 长途步行之后你一定饿了。 They?must?be?waiting?for?us.?Let’s?hurry?up.? 他们一定在等我们。让我们快点走吧。 You?must?have?left?your?bag?in?the?theatre.? 你准是把你的包丢在剧院了。
You?can’t?be?hungry,?you?have?just?had?your?dinner. 你现在不可能觉得饿，你刚吃过饭。 He?wears?glasses?all?the?time,?his?eyesight?can’t?be?getting?better.他一直带着眼镜，他的视力不可能在好转。 2、表示把握不大的推测即可能性时，用can和may，常译为“也许，可能”。may用于肯定句与否定句，一般不用于疑问句。can常用于疑问句，一般不用于肯定句。如： The?news?may?or?may?not?be?true.? 这消息也许是真的，也许不是真的。 At?the?moment?she?may?be?playing?with?her?classmates.? 此刻她可能正在和同学们玩。 Anna?might?not?have?seen?Tom?yesterday.? 安哪昨天可能没有看见汤姆。 Where?can?Wei?Fang?be??魏芳会在哪里呢？ What?can?they?be?quarrelling?about?? 他们可能在争吵些什么呢？ Can?she?have?lost?the?book??她可能已把那本书丢了？?Fill in the blanks using must / can / might.
1.?–Could I borrow your dictionary? ?–Yes, of course you________. 2. She doesn’t answer the bell. She______ be asleep. 3. The ground is wet. It ______have rained last
night. 4. He is writing with a pencil. He______ have lost
his pen. 5. A computer can’t think for itself, it ______be told what to do.canmustmustmightmustEarthquake
Remember: These thing should be avoided:standing close to a building
2. standing under a tree
(because buildings and trees may fall on you )
3. going too close to power lines
( because you may be badly affected
by electricity if they fall on you)1. key vocabulary:
earthquake, warm, inside, under,
window, keep, clear, calm, brave 2. key structures:
keep calm, especially when you are with
other people.
In short, follow what you learn in school.
you can be safe and you can also help others.
3. To understand the passage on safety and
first aid in a earthquake.Teaching aimsReviewWords and expressions学生早读时已预习过本单元单
词，可利用几分钟时间带学生快速回顾温习。对单词的熟练度越高，阅读的速率也越高。Read the words and expressions loudly./'?:θ:keIk/
/w?:n/
/'In:saId/
/'?nd?/
/ki:p/
地震 n.earthquakewarn警告；告诫 v.inside在里面；向室内 adv.
在......里面 prep.
里面的；内部的 adj.
keep在......正下方； prep.
在......下面under保持；留在 v.Words and expressions/ 'wInd??/
/klI?/
keep clear of
/kɑ:m/
/breIv/
/'helpfl/
/'pa??/不和......接触镇静的；沉着的 adj.brave勇敢的；无畏的 adj.power有用的；提供帮助的 adj.calm电；电力 n.helpfulwindow clear不和......接触的；
不挨......太近的 adj.
清除；清理；移走 v.窗；窗户 nLook at the following pictures and what are happening in the pictures?earthquakes What is an earthquake?An earthquake is what happens
when two plates (板块) of the earth suddenly slip past one another.Buildings fall down.What happens when there’s an earthquake?Roads, bridges and railways are destroyed.Many things lie in ruins.The supply of electricity and water is cut off.Many people are killed or injured.More people are left homeless.
What happened
on 12 May, 2008?
A terrible earthquake struck Sichuan, China on May 12, 2008. More than 60,000 people lost their lives.Do you know some other serious earthquakes that happened before?TangshanTangshan, Hebei July 28, 1976唐山抗震纪念碑广场唐山大地震三十周年后的新唐山San Francisco, USA April 18th, 1906San FranciscoWhat strange things do you think may happen before an earthquake? wellmicepond--- There is often a great sound.
--- Animals too nervous to eat.
--- There are bright lights in the sky.
--- A smelly gas may come out of the well.
--- Water pipes may crack or burst.Strange things before an earthquake1 Work in pairs. Look at the pictures and
ask and answer the questions. 1 Where are the people?
2 What are they doing? Why? hiding under a tableInside the roomOutside the buildingMoving away from buildingIn the busStaying in the busIn the building Leaving the building but don’t use the lift.2. Look at the title of the passage and think about what to do in the earthquake.Stay away from windows and heavy furniture.What’s else?
Do not jump out of high buildings.
Hide under a table!
Leave the building but don’t use the lift!
And…
3. Watch and read What to do in an earthquake
Earthquakes always happen suddenly, so it is difficult to warn people about them. Usually people have little or no idea about what to do during an earthquake, so here is some advice:
Inside
1 Do not jump out of high buildings.
2 Hide under a table. Stay away from windows and
heavy furniture. Keep clear of fire.
3Leave the building quickly when the ground stops
shaking, but do not use the lift.
3 Read the passage and check your answer to Activity 2.keep clear of sth.
清除；摆脱；没有；不接触4 Keep calm, especially when you are with other people. Be brave and be helpful.
Outside
1 Move away from buildings, because parts of a building may fall on you.
2 Do not stand near street lights or under power lines.
3 Stay away from bridges and trees. If you are in a bus or a car, stay in it.
4 In the mountains, be careful of falling rocks.
5 On a beach, run away from the sea and more quickly to higher ground.
In short, follow what you learnt in school. You can be
safe and you can also help save others. 4 Read the sentences. Decide if the
following actions are right (√) or
wrong (×). When the earthquake started…
1 …I hid under a table.
2 …Sam sat on his desk.
3 …Alice ran out of the building.
4 …Peter and Helen stayed in their car.
5 …my family and I moved away from the beach.
√××√√5 Answer the questions. Use the words
and expressions in the box. brave inside keep calm power lines
street lights warn1 What is difficult to do before an earthquake?
2 Where should you stay before the ground stops
shaking?
3 What should you do when you are with other people?
4 What shouldn’t you stand near or under in the
street?1 What is difficult to do before an earthquake?
2 Where should you stay before the ground stops
shaking?
3 What should you do when you are with other people?
4 What shouldn’t you stand near or under in the street?It’s difficult to warn people before an earthquakeWe should stay inside.We should keep calm and be brave.We shouldn’t stand near power lines or under street lights in the street.Language points1. earthquake n. 地震
a sudden shaking movement of the ground
What will happen if there is another earthquake or fire?
I survived the earthquake. 2. warn v. 警告；告诫
to tell someone that they will be punished or something bad will happen if they do something, or to make someone conscious of a possible problem or danger so they will not be hurt
The man warned me not to tell him lies again, and agreed to let me go free.
“I warned you many times about this road,” he replied. “It’s dangerous.” 3. inside
n. 内部；里面
the inner part of something
adj. 里面的；内部的
in or facing the inner part of something
adv. 在里面；向室内
into an enclosed container or empty space
prep.在……里面
within the inner part or area of something I stood at the gate and looked inside.
They are hiding inside their sleeping bags.
But for the people inside, the room is almost empty.4. under prep. 在……正下方；在……下面
below or covered by something
Tony put one of the boxes under the small window.
Eddy quickly hid under the desk.
The petrol is put into large tanks under the ground. 5. keep v. 保持；留在
to stay in a state, position, or place without changing or moving
Mom keeps a clean house and is a good cook.
I felt so sorry for the little girl, but she kept smiling.
People kept quiet because they were afraid of being found.6. clear
adj.不和……接触的；不挨……太近的
not touching something or not too close to it
keep clear of...? 不和……接触
v. 清除；清理；移走
to remove people or things from a place where they are not wanted Make sure your hands are completely clear of the blades.
Please keep clear of the gates.
David cleared some room on his desk for a cup of coffee. 7. calm adj. 镇静的；沉着的
not affected by strong emotions such as excitement, anger, shock, or fear
You should keep calm even in face of danger.
An hour after the accident, I was starting to feel calmer. 8. brave adj.勇敢的；无畏的
capable of dealing with danger or pain, without seeming to be frightened
It was brave of her to go into the burning building.
No one is brave enough now to enter the black room.9. power n. 电；电力
the supply of electricity to your home, office, community, etc.
A wind generator provides power to the farm.
A power station was built last year in the town.6 Work in pairs. Do the following research.
Inside your school
Make a list of safe places and dangerous places at
your school if an earthquake happens.
Note where the nearest stairs and doors to the
outside of the school buildings are.
Outside your school
Make a list of places near your school. Note if they
are safe or dangerous.
Note where the streets go, and where street lights
and power lines are.7 Write some instructions about what
to do in an earthquake.Go out and meet on the playground.
Do not use the lift.Stay away from the blackboard.
You must stay away from the blackboard. It could
fall on you. Now work in pairs. Check and share your instructions.Don’t sit under the window
You mustn’t under the window. It could break 祈使句表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、希望、禁止、建议、请求或命令等。祈使句一 般以动词原形开头，无时态和数的变化。常见的句型如下：
1. 动词原形构成的祈使句
此类祈使句喑含的主语是you,但通常省略。否定句往往由do not (don’t)或never开头。 祈使句的句首或句末有时加please，还可以加上称呼语，用逗号与句子主体隔开。
祈使句如：
Have a nice clay! 祝你度过美好的一天！
Don’t waste your time! 别浪费时间 了 ！
Never be late again! 再也不要迟到 了 ！
Come this way please ! 请走这边。
Please be quiet, boys! 男孩们，请安静！
Make sure he’s warm. 确保他不受凉。
Don’t use the lift. 不要使用电梯。2. let’s构成的祈使句
这类祈使句往往用于提出建议。如：
Let's spend this weekend in the countryside.
这周咱们到乡下度周末吧。
Let's take a taxi, shall we?
我们坐出租车好吗？
3. 无动词祈使句
在请求、命令和口号中，常用无动词祈使句，它实际上是省略了动词，从而使语句更简 洁有力。如：
Just a minute, please! 请稍等！
This way, please! 请这边走！根据句意及汉语提示，写出相应的单词。
1. Learning to give ________ is an important part of the training. (急救)
2. This is a special knife used in _______ operations. (医药的)
3. We ________ the taste of the cake. (想象)
4. Edward took a pen and wrote his name ______________ the page. (在……底部)medical first aidQuizimaginedat the bottom of 5. What's __________ you? (怎么了)
6. Joe is always making _______. (麻烦)
7. The waves ___ the boat up. (举起)
8. Good luck with the _______. (训练)
9. I just wanted to _________ you knew where to go. (确认)
10. They _______ her with a blanket. (盖上)
11. My earliest memory is of an __________ in California. (地震)wrong withtrouble lift trainingmake surecoveredearthquake12. He had _______ them, but he knew he couldn’t stop these men from going on. (警告)
13. I have never seen the _____ of a prison before. (在……里面)
14. A fish can breathe _____ water. (在……下面)warnedinsideunder 根据汉语提示完成下列句子，每空一词。
1. 风这么大，很难保暖呢！
With this wind it’s so difficult to _____ warm!
2. 他把汽车停在不挡入口的地方。
He parked the car _____ of the entrance.keep clear3. 警察设法阻止人们靠近事故现场。
The police tried to ____ people _____ _____ the accident.
4. 沉住气，别惊慌。
_____ _____, and try not to panic!
5. 总而言之，她是个说谎的人。
__ _____, she is a liar.keep awayKeep calm In shortfrom1. —Call me when you get home.
—OK, ____.
A. I must B. I can C. I will D. I may
2. Jim, _____ me a hand.
A. gives B. is giving C. give D. will give
3. Let me ____ on duty today.
A. am B. / C. be D. do
4. Let's ____ our time.
A. not waste B. no wasting C. not to waste D. no waste
5. —____ higher, and you will see the house.
— OK.
A. If you stand B. To stand
C. When you stand D. StandCCCADChoose the correct answer. 6. _____ forget to write to me when you
_____ get there next Tuesday.
A. Don't; will B. Please; will
C. Please; / D. Don't; /
7. Please ___ do it.
A. he B. he let C. let him D. him
8. ____ come in, please.
A. Will B. Do C. Won't D. Did
9. _____ careful!
A. Be do B. Do be C. Not D. Not do
10. _____ let anyone open the door.
A. Don't B. Will C. Not D. NoDCBBAHomework Write a passage about how to protect oneself in earthquake. Use the words like earthquake, warm, inside, under,
window, keep, clear, calm, brave, must, can may because and so on. About 80 words.课件49张PPT。八年级上册12ModuleUnit 3
Language in use
Help祈使句结构如下：
(Please) + do sth.
(Please) + Don’t do sth.Summary肯定：否定：DO，可以放在动词前，为加强语气用。
如：Do come in, please!
Do listen to me, please!
Do open the door, please!一、我们已经学习的表推测的情态动词有：
must/can/could/may/might
二、表推测的三种句式：
1. 在肯定句中一般用must，can/could，may/might，程度逐渐减弱。
e.g. He must/may/might know the answer to this question.
e.g. You have worked all this week. You must be tired.一、祈使句 祈使句表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、希望、禁止、建议、请求或命令等。祈使句一般以动词原形开头，无时态和数的变化。常见的句型如下：1. 动词原形构成的祈使句
此类祈使句暗含的主语是you，但通常省略。否定句往往由 do not（don't）或 never 开头。祈使句的句首或句末有时加 please，还可以加上称呼语，用逗号与句子主体隔开。例如：Have a nice day!?
祝你度过美好的一天！
Don't waste your time!?
别浪费时间了！
Never be late again!?
再也不要迟到了！
Come this way, please.?
请走这边。Please be quiet, boys!?
男孩们，请安静！
Make sure he's warm.?
确保他不受凉。
Don't use the lift.?
不要使用电梯。2. let's 构成的祈使句
这类祈使句往往用于提出建议。例如：
Let's spend this weekend in the countryside.?
这周咱们到乡下度周末吧。
Let's take a taxi, shall we??
我们坐出租车好吗？3. 无动词祈使句
在请求、命令和口号中，常用无动词祈使句，它实际上是省略了动词，从而使语句更简洁有力。例如：
Just a minute, please!?
请稍等！
This way, please!?
请这边走！ 二、情态动词?must/can/could?表示推测 我们学习过情态动词 can 和 could 表示“能够，可以”等意义的用法。can 和 could 还可以表示对现在或将来的推测，意为“会, 可能”，但 can 表示推测时，往往用于否定句和疑问句。用于疑问句时，can 比 could 表示的“可能性”要大；用于否定句时，cannot（can't）表示“不可能”。例如：
You can't be serious!?你不是认真的吧！ could 则可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。在以下例句中，can 和 could 均表示可能：
He could be in pain.?
他可能很疼。
That could be harmful!?
那可能有害！
Can/Could this be true??
这有可能是真的吗 ? 情态动词 must 也可以表示猜测，意思为“一定，准是”，通常只用于肯定句。如课文中的例子：
Betty, you must know!?
贝蒂，你肯定知道！ 请仔细对比下列一组句子：
Who sent the present? Can it be your brother??
是谁送来的礼物啊？会是你哥哥吗？（询问可能性） It must be your brother. I saw him in your room just now.?
肯定是你哥哥，我刚才看见他在你的房间里。（语气强烈，表示非常肯定）
It can't be my brother. He is still in France.?
不可能是我哥哥，他还在法国呢。（表示不可能）2. 在否定句中用can’t/couldn’t (不可能)，may not/ might not(可能不)。
e.g. It can’t /couldn’t be the headmaster. He has gone to America.
e.g. He may not/might not know the scientist.
3. 在疑问句中，一般只使用can/could。
e.g. Could he have finished the task?
e.g. Can he be at home now?Language practice That could be harmful!
Betty, you must know!
Stay away from windows and heavy furniture.
Do not stand near street lights or under power lines.It is dangerous. You ________keep out!
These stairs are not safe. You _______use them.
The rocks are falling down. You ______get hit.
The river is too deep. You ________swim in it.
Betty _______know what to do , because she did some basic medical training.
1 Complete the sentences with could,
must or mustn’t.mustmustn'tcouldmustn'tmust 2 Underline the correct words to
complete the first aid instructions. 1 Get / Do not get medical help immediately.
2 Ask / Do not ask them where the pain is.
3 Lift / Do not lift them because you may drop
them.
4 Keep / Do not keep them warm.3 Complete the poster about earthquake with the correct form of the words and expressions in the box.do not use hide under keep leave stay away1 ____________from the windows.
2 ___________a table.
3 ___________the lift.
4 __________the building quickly when the
ground stops shaking.
5 _________calm.When there is an earthquake…Stay awayHide underDo not useLeaveKeep4 Complete the conversation with the words and expressions in the box.Tony: Daming is training hard for the big match.
Lingling: Yes, the team has a good (1) ________
this year.
Tony: Oh no, Daming’s (2)___________. He’s down!
Lingling: It looks like he’s (3) __________
Tony: Daming, what happened?chance Cover in pain in trouble medical chance in troublein painDaming: It’s my leg.
Lingling: (4) _________him with my coat.
Tony: But don’t move him. Let’s wait for
someone with (5) ____________training.
Lingling: Ok. Cover medical 5 Complete the news report with the correct
form of the words in the box. clear inside power rock trouble warn Information is coming in that there could be (1)__________because of heavy rain in the north. The government is (2)__________people about falling (3)_______. Some roads have a lot of rocks on them, but people are trying to (4) _______them quickly. In some places there is no(5)________.And people must stay (6)______
to keep away from falling rocks. troublewarning rocks clear power insideNow read the report again and check
(√) the true sentences.1 There are problems everywhere because of rain.
2 The government is warning people about an
earthquake.
3 Some roads in the mountains have a lot of rocks
on them.
4 People are trying to clear the rocks off the roads.
5 There is no problem with power.
√√ 6 Listen and complete the sentences.dinner1 We were having _________at home when
the earthquake happened.
2 The room started to __________.
3 Father shouted to everyone to get under the
_______________.
4 We could not get out of the room because the __________would not open.
5 My father called for help on his _________.
6 People came to help us and we left our_____. shakekitchen tabledoormobile phoneflat7 Read the passage and choose the correct answer. A ten-year-old girl saved about one hundred other tourists in 2004 by warning them that a tsunami, a huge ocean wave, was on its way across the sea. She knew what was happening because she learnt about underwater earthquake at school only a few weeks earlier,
a newspaper reported. “ I was on the beach and the water started to go funny,” Tilly Smith told the reporter from the newspaper. “There were bubbles and the water went back suddenly. I knew there was going to be a tsunami. I told Mum,” she said.
Tilly’s mother and the hotel workers acted quickly. They cleared people from the beach just minutes before a huge wave reached the land. Luckily, no one died. Tilly’s teacher was very proud of her.“ She’s a very clever girl…It is very lucky that our class were learning about this kind of tsunami just two weeks before Christmas,” he told the newspaper.1 What is the best title for this passage?
a) 2004 Asian tsunami.
b) A girl saves tourists from tsunami.
c) Underwater earthquakes
2 What did Tilly notice?
a) Water coming to the beach.
b) People watching the water.
c) Bubbles in the water.
3 What does her teacher think of Tilly?
a) She is lucky.
b) She does not do silly things.
c) She is a clever student.√√√Special buildings in Japan
Earthquakes are very common in Japan.
Many can cause a lot of damage. But now
there are new ways of constructing buildings
to make them safer and stronger during
earthquakes.TheYokohama Landmark Toweris one of the tallest buildings in Japan. Around the w rldIt is heavy and strong.
It sits on rollers. This means
the earth can rise and fall
beneath the building
without shaking it.Module task: Making a poster about
preventing accidents at school8 Make a list of accidents that can happen
at school.9 Work in groups. Choose an accident from the list in Activity 8 and give instructions about what to do.First…
Second…
Third…When there is School accident…10 Make a poster about preventing accidents at school using must / mustn’t. Then Present your poster to the class.A ten-year-old girl saved about one hundred other tourists in 2004 by warning them that a tsunami, a huge ocean wave, was on its way across the sea.
1) A ten-year-old girl “一个十岁的女孩”
基数词 + year (注意单数) + old 用作形容词 表示 “多大年龄的……”
e.g. She has a eight- year- old brother.Language points2) warn sb. that…意为“提醒/警告某人注意… 如：I was going for a swim in the sea. The people in the hotel warned me that it may rain
In a few minutes.
我要去海里游泳，宾馆里的人提醒我可能过会要下雨。
3) on its way 在路上，在途中
She did a bit of shopping on the way home.
她在回家的路上买点东西。
2. Tilly’s teacher was very proud of her…
be proud of sb. 为某人感到自豪
e.g. I just want you to be proud of me, honey.
我只是想让你为我自豪,亲爱的。
If he becomes a doctor when he grows up,
his parents will be proud of him.
如果他长大后成了医生,他的父母会以他
为荣的。Exercises 1. — Meng Fei had his arm broken while recording If You Are the One in Beijing.
— Really? Then perhaps he ____ host TV programs for some time. (2012连云港)
A. needn’t B. mustn’t
C. shouldn’t D. can’t 2. The lady in this photo ____ be over fifty! She looks so young! (2012无锡)
A. mustn’t B. must
C. can’t D. can
3. — Look! A book is on the floor. Whose is it?
— It ______ be Rick's. It has his name on it. (2012济南)
A. mustn't B. can't
C. must D. need4. This toy Mickey Mouse _____ be Amy’s. she’s the only kid at the picnic. (2012济宁)
A. must B. can
C. need D. can’t
5. — Excuse me, whose Japanese book is this?
— It ___ be Tom’s. In our class, only he is studying Japanese. (2012成都)
A. must B. can’t C. would 6. — Is that girl Susan? (2013福州)
— It ____ be her. She left for Beijing yesterday.
A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't
7. — Someone is knocking at the door. Is it Ann? (2013广东)
— It _____ be her. She is giving a performance at the theatre now.
A. may B. must
C. can’t D. mustn’t1. --Is this Lan Qiang’s boxing glove?
--Yes, it _______ be his. This is his name on the back.
2. You’d better take an umbrella. It ____________________ rain this afternoon.
3. It’s the library! So you ____ know shouting is not allowed here.
4. --Have you decided where to spend your summer holiday?
--Not yet. We ____ go to Qingdao.mustmay/might/couldmustmay5. --Is Jessica giving us a speech this evening?
--No, it ______ be her. She has been to Japan.
6. --What will the weather be like tomorrow?
--It _____ be rainy, cloudy or sunny. Who knows?
7. You _____ be tired after playing sports for a long time without a rest.
8. --Can I tell Peter about the news?
--No, I don’t want anyone else to know it.
You _______ keep it to yourself.
mightmustmustmust 1. –That man must be Sarah’s husband. --No, he_____ be her husband. She is still single. A. can’t B. mustn’t
C. may not D. ought to
2. Peter _____come with us tonight, but he isn’t very sure. A. must B. may C. can D. will选择题AB4. –What____ it be? --It______ be a mail box, for it is moving.
It______ be a car. A. can; can’t; must B. can; can; must C. can; mustn’t; must D. must; mustn’t; can
5. –Look, someone is coming. Guess______ . --Jack. He’s always on time. A. who can it be B. who he may C. who he can be D. who it can beAD6. –I saw Mary in the library yesterday. --You_____ her. She is still abroad. A. mustn’t see B. can’t have seen C. mustn’t have seen D. couldn’t see
7. David, you _____play with the valuable bottle, you_______ break it. A. won’t; can’t B. mustn’t; may C. shouldn’t; must D. can’t; shouldn’tDBHomework Talk with your classmates about the knowledge
of how to survive or protect yourself in an
accident. Then try to make a role play.
