人教版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration Listening and Talking 课件(共168张PPT)
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 4 Space Exploration Listening and Talking 课件(共168张PPT) |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-02-16 22:03:30 | ||
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文档简介
(共168张PPT)
Part 2
Listening and Talking—Video Time
自主预习·课前清障
1.soap n.
2.towel n.
3.telescope n.
4.microwave n.
5.tissue n.
基础识记
阅读单词
肥皂
毛巾;抹布
望远镜
微波炉
纸巾;(人、动植物细胞的)组织
6.facility n.
7.fatal adj.
8.high-end adj.
9.foam n.
10.pillow n.
11.oxygen n.
设施;设备
致命的;灾难性的
高端的
泡沫橡胶;泡沫
枕头
氧;氧气
核心单词
1. adj.热衷的;渴望的
2. adj.肤浅的;浅的
3. n.模式;图案;模范
4. n.监视器;监测仪
vt.监视;监测;监控
5. n.智能手机
6. n.资源;财力;物力
7. vt.系;绑;贴
keen
shallow
pattern
monitor
smartphone
resource
attach
运用词汇
1.globe n.地球;世界;地球仪→ adj.全球的;全世界的;全面的→ adv.全球地;全局地→ n.全球化
2.argue vt.& vi.论证;争辩;争论→ n.争论;争吵;论点
3.analysis n.(对事物的)分析;分析结果→ vt.分析
4.regularly adv.经常;定期地→ adj.定期的;经常的;正常的→ adj.无规律的;不定期的
global
globally
globalisation
argument
analyse
regular
irregular
5.limited adj.有限的→ adj.无限的→ n.限度;限制
vt.限制;限定
6.closing adj.结尾的;结束的 n.停业;关闭;倒闭→ vt.关闭
adj.近的;亲密的→ adv.仔细地;严密地
7.mystery n.神秘事物;谜→ adj.神秘的
limitless
limit
close
closely
mysterious
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1. 浪费时间和金钱做某事
2. (做)某事的解决方法
3. 没能做某事
4. 有影响;起作用
5. 导致;造成
6. 被传送到
waste time and money doing sth
the solution to (doing) sth
fail to do sth
make a difference
result in
be transmitted to
7. 所以;结果(是)
8. 努力做某事
9. 满足要求
10. 提供生活所需
11. 目前
12. 接近……
13. 最后
14. 用完;耗尽
as a result
in one’s efforts to do sth
meet the requirements
provide for sb
at present
be close to
in closing
run out
重点句型
1.世界各国正在投入数十亿美元的资金和大量时间执行各种太空任务,无论是去火星还是其他更远的星球。
Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and
lots of time on various space missions,
.
whether to Mars or other
planets much further away
2.由于采用了先进的技术,如今全球高端产品的生产标准提高了,而这些技术最初是为了满足太空探索的要求而研制出来的。
High-end products around the world are made to a higher standard now advanced technology
for space exploration.
because of
which was first created to
meet the requirements
3.看着我们星球的照片,犹如黑色汪洋大海中的一个小岛,人们意识到地球的资源是有限的。
made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited.
4.因此,这项事业应该继续下去,以便为人们(面临的)长期问题和短期问题提供更好的和更新的解决方案。
Therefore,it should continue
to people’s short-term and long-term problems.
Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea
so as to provide new and better
solutions
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
1.主题语境:人与社会——阐述有关太空探索的论点
2.语篇类型:议论文
3.课文内容分析:本文主要论述了太空探索是否值得付出那么多的金钱和努力的问题。一些人认为这是浪费时间和金钱,但也有人认为探索太空对我们的生活有极大的帮助。作者从三个方面论述了探索太空给世界带来的好处。因此,它应该继续下去,以便为人们的短期和长期问题提供新的、更好的解决办法。阅读本文,有利于学生分析和评判关于太空探索的不同立场和态度,能够以全面的、发展的观点来评判科技发展所带来的利与弊。
多维解读·深度剖析
money
shallow
hunger
improvements
problems
ways
continue
精研细读·深层理解
( )1.How can exploring space help fight against hunger
A.The scientists analyse the data recorded by satellites and provide useful suggestions for farmers.
B.Satellites orbiting Earth can help fight against severe weather.
C.Satellites can change the weather pattern,thus improving output of crops.
D.The scientists invent some useful equipment to help with farming.
A
( )2.Which of the following is TRUE about space exploration
A.It has stopped the world’s population from growing.
B.It has helped to improve medical treatment.
C.It is only good for developed countries.
D.It will solve all the problems on Earth.
B
( )3.After seeing those pictures of Earth as an island in a black sea,what did people realise
A.We have such a rapidly increasing population.
B.The resources on Earth are so limited.
C.It is hard to find other planets as our new home.
D.Life on Mars will be nicer than that on Earth.
B
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space.
一部分人认为,我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱去探索太空。
★argue vt.& vi.论证;争辩;争论
argument n.争论;争吵;论点
We’re always arguing with each other about some questions.
我们彼此总是为一些问题争辩。
We argued her out of going on such a journey.
我们说服她不要去这样的旅行。
My argument for space exploration is that it can assist mankind to solve the problem of lack of resources.
我支持太空探索的理由是它能够帮助人类解决资源匮乏的问题。
[备用例句]
①I argue that every one of us (should) try our best to help those in need.
我主张我们人人都应该尽力帮助那些需要帮助的人。
②We all found his argument convincing,which is beyond belief.
我们都觉得他的观点很有说服力,实在是令人难以置信。
归纳拓展
·argue with sb about/over sth 就某事与某人争论/争辩
argue for/against... 据理赞成/反对……
argue that...(should) do sth 主张/认为……(虚拟语气)
argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事
·have an argument with sb about/over sth
就某事与某人争论/争辩
It is beyond argument that... 毋庸置疑……
温馨提示
表示“说服某人做某事”的其他表达如下所示。
①persuade sb to do/into doing sth
②convince sb to do sth
③talk sb into doing sth
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①It is of great importance to cite examples to support your
(argue).
②Tom has been arguing his brother about where they should go for their holidays.
③Robert argued reducing his pocket money every month.
argument
with
against
(2)完成句子
④我原以为我能说服我的父母允许我按照我的意愿花钱。
(读后续写·心理描写)
I thought I to use my money as I wished.
⑤根据上面的表格,70%的学生赞成听英语歌曲,而20%的学生主张他们应该通过读英语经典作品提高他们的英语水平。(应用文写作·分析图表)
Based on the above chart,70% of the students listening to English songs while they should have their English level improved by reading English classics.
could argue my parents into allowing me
argue for
20% of the students argue that
2.It has directly resulted in the many satellites that now orbit Earth.
如今环绕地球运行的众多卫星都直接归功于太空探索。
★result in导致;造成
(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) Somehow,these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error.
不知何故,这些论证和推理使错误全面减少了。
(2024·浙江1月卷) It is so easy to let an online course slide,but your grades will suffer as a result.
在线课程很容易被忽视,但结果是你的成绩会受到影响。
[备用例句]
①The big fire resulted from gas leak.
大火起因于煤气泄漏。
②My car broke down on the way,and,as a result,I was late.
我的车在路上出了故障,所以我迟到了。
③The sports meeting was put off as a result of the bad weather.
由于天气恶劣,运动会被推迟了。
归纳拓展
·result from 由……产生;起因于……
·as a result 所以;结果(是)
as a result of 作为……的结果;由于……
温馨提示
①result in为及物动词短语,表示“导致”的意思,其同义词有cause、bring about、lead to、contribute to等。
②result in侧重于结果,即主语是原因,in后面接导致的结果;而result from侧重于起因,即主语是结果,from后面接事情的起因。
③as a result意为“所以;结果(是)”,后面接表示结果的句子;as a result of意为“作为……的结果;由于……”,其后面的部分表示原因,of后面接名词或动名词。
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①My English teacher can always make her classes lively and
interesting.As result,she is greatly liked by her students.
②Food allergies (过敏) can result different symptoms.
a
in
(2)句型转换
③It is known to us that hard work results in success.
→As is known to us,success hard work.
④He was injured in an accident.As a result,he couldn’t take part in the sports meeting.
→He couldn’t take part in the sports meeting his injury in an accident.
results from
as a result of
语境串词
Mary often sets aside some time to take exercise.As a result,she is energetic,seldom falling ill.Obviously,poor health usually results from a lack of exercise and unbalanced diet.However,healthy lifestyle may result in your success.
玛丽经常抽出时间来锻炼身体,因此她精力充沛,很少生病。显而易见,健康状况不佳通常是由缺乏锻炼和不均衡的饮食引起的。然而,健康的生活方式可能会使你获得成功。
3.After careful analysis,the scientists can provide useful recommendations and advice for farmers.
经过仔细的分析,科学家们可以为农民提供有用的建议和意见。
◆provide for sb 提供生活所需
He had enough money to provide for his children before he could find work.
在找到工作之前,他有足够的钱抚养孩子们。
(2023·浙江1月卷) When you’re riding on trains,you won’t be provided with a blanket for free,even if your trip is an overnight one.
当你乘坐火车时,即使你的旅行是过夜的,你也不会免费得到一条毯子。
You can go out providing that you have to finish your homework.
你可以出去,条件是你得完成家庭作业。
归纳拓展
·provide sb with sth/provide sth for sb为某人提供某物
·providing/provided (that)... 在……条件下;如果;假如
温馨提示
表示“给某人提供某物”的其他表达如下所示。
①supply sb with sth/supply sth to sb
②offer sb sth/offer sth to sb
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①Parents are to provide their kids a life of high quality.
②You may keep the book a further week
(provide) that no one else requires it.
with
providing/provided
(2)句型转换
③He had a large family to support,and he felt the pressure of being the breadwinner.
→ ,he felt the pressure of being the breadwinner.(分词作状语,短语替代单词)
④We’ll hold the concert on next Monday if the weather is good.
→We’ll hold the concert on next Monday
.(短语替代单词)
→ ,we’ll hold the concert on next Monday.
(独立主格结构)
Having a large family to provide for
providing/provided that
the weather is good
The weather being good
4.Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited.
看着我们星球的照片,犹如黑色汪洋大海中的一个小岛,人们意识到地球的资源是有限的。
★limited adj.有限的
limitless adj.无限的
limit n.限度;限制
vt.限制;限定
Families are limited to four free tickets each.
每户限发四张免费票。
Knowledge is without limit.Therefore,we should devote our limited time to acquiring it.
知识是无限的。因此,我们应该把我们有限的时间用于获得知识。
[备用例句]
①With limited time and energy,we have to be careful about what we look for and what we pay attention to.
由于时间和精力有限,我们必须对我们寻找和关注的东西特别留心。
②There is no limit to how much fresh fruit you can eat in a day.
你一天内能吃多少新鲜水果并无上限。
归纳拓展
·be limited to...受限制于……
limit...to...把……限定在……的范围内
·within the limits of 在……的范围内
there is a/no limit to (doing)...
对(做)……是有限的/无限的
set a limit/limits to/on...对……规定限度
beyond the limit超量;超出限度
without limit无限地;无限制地
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①The knowledge of the children is ,but their imagination is .(limit)
②Any driver found driving the limit will be charged.
③Life is limited,but there is no limit to (learn).
limited
limitless
beyond
learning
(2)完成句子
④我认为教学不应该局限于教室之内。
I believe teaching should not .
⑤在我看来,你们最好给这次旅行的费用定一个限度。
In my opinion,you had better
.
be limited to the classroom
set a limit to/on the expense of
your trip
5.It is necessary to find a new home for people in space,as the resources on Earth will run out.
由于地球上的资源将耗尽,有必要在太空中为人们找一个新的家园。
★run out用完;耗尽
After a long walk,he ran out of the water and his strength was also running out.
长途步行后,他的水喝完了,他的体力也快耗尽了。
In the future,caring for the environment will become very important as Earth’s natural resources run out.
在未来,随着地球自然资源的枯竭,保护环境将变得非常重要。
[备用例句]
①If you run after two hares,you will catch neither.
同时追两只兔子,一只也抓不住。
②She ran across an old friend of hers on the way to the station.
在去车站的路上,她碰到了一个老朋友。
③You always run into some difficulties at the beginning of a new job.
在开始一项新工作时,你总是会遇到一些困难。
归纳拓展
·run out of(=use up) 用完;用光;用尽
give out(=run out) 耗尽;用光
·run across(=come across) 偶然遇到
run into撞上;遇到;途中遭遇(恶劣天气)
run after追逐;追求
·in the long/short run 从长远/短期来看
温馨提示
give out表示“耗尽;用光”时,与run out用法相同,都是不及物动词短语,主语通常是物,不能用于被动语态;run out of和use up表示“用完;耗尽”时,为及物动词短语,通常以人作主语,可用于被动
语态。
语境运用
(1)用带有run的相关短语填空
①We thick fog on the way home.
②The cash has ,therefore I have to go to the bank to draw some.
③My car broke down on the way to the beach because it had
petrol.
ran into
run out
run out of
(2)完成句子
④我忍无可忍,开始勃然大怒。(读后续写·情感描写)
I had and I began to explode with anger.
⑤当我们遇到一只可爱的野兔时,我们骑上马,兴奋地追着它跑。
(读后续写·场景描写)
The moment we a cute wild rabbit,we rode our horses and it in excitement.
run out of all my patience
ran across
ran after
6.While sleeping,they must attach themselves to something so as to prevent floating around.
睡觉时,他们必须依附在某物上,以防止到处飘浮。
★attach vt.系;绑;贴;重视;依恋
attachment n.附属品;附件;依恋
attached adj.附加的;附属的;依恋的
Please don’t attach these labels to your hand luggage.
请不要把这些标签贴在您的手提行李上。
She is very attached to her family and friends.
她非常依恋家人和朋友。
[备用例句]
①This middle school is attached to a normal college.
这所中学附属于一所师范学院。
②My teacher attaches much importance to reading.
我的老师认为阅读很重要。
③Please check the attachment for relevant details.
请在附件中查看相关细节。
归纳拓展
·attach...to...把……附在/绑在……上;使……与……相联系
attach (great/little) importance/value/significance/weight to...认为……(很有/几乎没有)重要性/价值/意义/分量
·be attached to 附属于;依恋
温馨提示
以上带有attach的短语中的to均为介词,后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①You need to attach a recent photograph your application form.
②For further information,please contact us on the
(attach) email.
③More luckily,great importance has been attached to
(protect) our environment since the occurrence of so many natural disasters.
to
attached
protecting
(2)完成句子
④书写至关重要,每个人都应十分重视。(应用文写作·活动介绍)
Handwriting is of such great importance that
.
⑤她发现桌子上放着一个盒子,盒子上贴着一张卡片,上面写着
“生日快乐”。(读后续写·动作描写)
She found a box lying on the table ,
saying “Happy Birthday”.
everyone should
attach great importance to it
with a card attached to it
重点句式
1.Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions,whether to Mars or other planets much further away.
世界各国正在投入数十亿美元的资金和大量时间执行各种太空任务,无论是去火星还是其他更远的星球。
◆whether...or...不论……还是……
(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) To eat one,you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first,releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出),or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth,letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。
(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷) Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail (小径),camping,or just enjoying the park’s amazing wildlife from the road,this quick workshop is for you and your family.
无论你是在野外徒步旅行、露营,还是只是在路边欣赏公园里令人惊叹的野生动物,这个快速的工作坊都是为你和你的家人准备的。
(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷) Whether you paint still lives,portraits,
or landscapes,paint from life as much as possible.
无论你画静物、肖像还是风景画,都要尽可能地从生活中取材。
[备用例句]
①Whether you like or dislike the job,you have to finish it.
无论你喜欢还是不喜欢这个工作,你都必须完成它。
②Whether happy or sad,she always tries to keep smiling.
不管开心还是难过,她总是试着保持微笑。
归纳拓展
·“whether ...or ...”意为“不论……还是……”,它可以用于引出正反、对错等两种概念,是一种强烈的让步语气,即不管情况如何,正反两方面都估计在内,总之,不会影响后面主句动作的结果。
·在“whether...or...”结构中,or不可省略,也不能用if来取代whether。“whether...or...”后面可以接不定式、形容词或其他短语。
温馨提示
“whether...or...”还可引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,意为“是……还是……”。引导主语从句时,可用it作形式主语。
Whether they consider this opinion or not is not clear.
=It is not clear whether they consider this opinion or not.
他们是否考虑这个意见还不清楚。
语境运用
完成句子
①无论你是否喜欢这个想法,我都要做下去。
,I’m going ahead with it.
②我们似乎拿不定主意是要一个现代化的城市还是一个传统的城市。
We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city
.
Whether you like the idea or not
or a traditional one
③当他问我这样做或那样做是否可行时,我只是不停地点头。
(读后续写·动作描写)
I just kept nodding when he asked me whether it is OK to do this way .
④他是否赢得第一名已经不重要了。正是他勇敢的心和坚定的信念,最终使一些不寻常的事情发生了。 (读后续写·主题升华)
It was no more important .It was his brave heart and strong faith that made something unusual happen finally.
or that way
whether he won the first place or not
2....is about twice as high as Mount Qomolangma.
……高度大约是珠穆朗玛峰的两倍。
◆句中twice as high as是一种倍数表达法。
This room is three times as big as that one.
这个房间的面积是那个房间的3倍。
The newly discovered planet is about ten times the size of Earth.
新发现的行星大小约是地球的10倍。
归纳拓展
·“A+be+倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B”,表示“A比B大(长、高、宽等)多少倍”
·“A+be+倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+B”,表示“A是B的多少倍”
·“A+be+倍数+the+名词(size/height/length/width...)+of+B”,表示“A是B的多少倍”
·“A+be+倍数+what从句”,表示“A是……的多少倍”
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①My school has expanded into a big one,which is three times
(big) than the previous one.
②The output of this year is three times it was in 2021.
bigger
what
(2)一句多译
在建的体育馆将是操场的3倍大。
③The new stadium being built will be the playground.(than)
④The new stadium being built will be the playground.(as...as)
⑤The new stadium being built will be the playground.(size)
three times bigger than
three times as big as
three times the size of
长难句分析
However,others feel ①this is a shallow view ②which fails to realise ③how exploring space helps us.
然而,另一部分人觉得这是一种肤浅的观点,没有认识到探索太空给我们带来的好处。
分析:这是一个主从复合句。句①是宾语从句,作动词feel的宾语;句②是which引导的定语从句,修饰名词view;句③是宾语从句,作动词realise的宾语。
情境写作
①然而,有不少人觉得这是一个不实用的计划,没有意识到环保对我们有多重要。
语境运用
However,quite a few people think this is an impractical plan,which fails to realise how important environmental protection is to us.
②我觉得这是一个没能意识到父母的陪伴对孩子有多重要的观点。
I think this is a point of view that fails to realise how important parental company is to children.
进阶提升·写作微练
常见的英语逻辑衔接词
常用词汇
一、课文词汇
先后次序关系
1.firstly首先(主要用于列举条目、论点时);第一
2.secondly其次;第二
3.finally最后(用于列举);终于
4.in closing最后
5.then接下来;然后
因果关系
6.as a result所以;结果(是)
7.therefore因此;所以
举例关系
8.for example例如
转折关系
9.instead相反;代替;反而
10.however然而;不过
二、补充词汇
并列关系
11.also/as well as 也
12.either...or...或者……或者……
13.for one thing...for another...一方面……另一方面……
递进关系
14.What’s more 而且;更重要的是
15.not only...but also... 不仅……而且……
强调关系
16.particularly 尤其是
对比关系
17.on the contrary 与此相反
条件关系
18.if so 如果这样的话
19.if possible 如果可能的话
20.provided that...如果……
常用句型
一、课本原句
1.Instead,we should feed the world’s poor and find immediate solutions to other problems,such as pollution and fatal diseases.
相反,我们应该解决世界上穷人的温饱问题,并尽快找到污染、致命性疾病等其他问题的解决方案。
2.However,others feel this is a shallow view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us.
然而,另一部分人觉得这是一种肤浅的观点,没有认识到探索太空给我们带来的好处。
3.Firstly,exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.
首先,太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用。
4.As a result,space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth’s increasing population.
因此,基于太空的科学有助于提高农业产量,从而为地球上不断增长的人口提供充足的食物。
5.In closing,exploring space provides the world with many different benefits.
总而言之,太空探索给世界带来了种种好处。
6.Therefore,it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people’s short-term and long-term problems.
因此,这项事业应该继续下去,以便为人们(面临的)长期问题和短期问题提供更好的和更新的解决方案。
二、其他表达
7.It’s no trouble at all; on the contrary,it will be a great pleasure to help you.
这根本不麻烦。相反,我很乐意帮助你。
8.I haven’t been to see her for a long time.For one thing,she lives too far away; for another,I’ve been rather busy.
我好久没有去看她了,一来路太远,二来没工夫。
9.If possible,you can reply to me as soon as possible.
如果可能的话,你可以尽快回复我。
10.Now I can walk to work instead of going by car.
现在我可以步行去上班,而不必开车了。
微写作训练
1.然而,一方面,我们需要仔细考虑利弊,另一方面,我们也需要从不同的角度来看待这个问题。最后,我们不应该局限于一种观点。
However,for one thing,we need to consider the pros and cons carefully.For another,we also need to look at the issue from different perspectives.In closing,we should not be limited to one point of view.
2.首先,我们需要找出问题所在。其次,我们应该想出可能的解决办法。例如,增加资源或改变方法。
我们尤其需要确保这些解决办法切实有效。
Firstly,we need to identify the problem.Secondly,we should come up with possible solutions,for example,increasing resources or changing the approach.Particularly,we need to make sure that these solutions are practical and effective.
写作专项指导
文本解读
1.文体类型:阐述有关太空探索的观点,属于议论文范畴,常用于就某一讨论话题发表个人观点。
2.要点内容:
(1)就“人类是否应该进行太空探索”这一话题进行讨论;
(2)从正反两方面进行论述;
(3)阐明自己的观点并提供论据。
An argumentative essay about space exploration
思路指引
实用表达
1.首段常用句式。
Different people have different ideas about ...
I hold the view that ...
Different people look at the question in different ways.
Recently we have had a heated discussion on whether...or not.
According to a recent survey,...
Opinions are divided on the question.
Every coin has two sides.
2.中段常用句式。
Sixty percent of the people hold the view that ...
I think there are many advantages in exploring space.First...Second...
On the other hand,the rest of the people are against ...
Generally speaking,its advantages can be seen as follows.
Some students are for the idea,while others think otherwise.
However,there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.
Some hold the view that...while others think that...
3.尾段常用句式。
I hold the belief that ...
I think we should ...
From my point of view,...
Therefore,we can draw the conclusion that...
佳作建构
最近,你班同学就“人类是否应该进行太空探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为,探索太空不仅能让人类更好地了解宇宙的发展,还可以用来指导农业生产,以及把一些探索太空的高新技术用于日常生活;也有一些人认为,探索太空花费了大量的人力、物力,影响了人们的生活水平。请你根据以上情况用英语写一篇报告,并发表自己的观点。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
审题谋篇
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1. 是否……
2. 探索太空
3. 弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白
4. 主张/认为……
5. 为某人提供某物
whether...or not
explore space
figure out
argue that...
provide sb with sth/provide sth for sb
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
1.最近,我们就“人类是否应该进行太空探索”这个问题进行了
激烈的讨论。
Recently,we have about the problem
.
2.一些人认为,太空探索能让我们弄清楚宇宙是如何发展的。
Some people hold the view that space exploration will enable us to
how the universe develops.
held a heated discussion
whether humans should explore space or not
figure out
3.更重要的是,它还可以帮助农民种植更多的食物,并将新的先进技术应用到我们的生活中。
What’s more,it can also help farmers to grow more food and
our lives.
4.然而,另一些人认为我们应该停止探索太空。
However,other people we should stop exploring space.
5.它花费太多的时间和金钱。
It costs time and money.
apply the new advanced technology to
argue that
too much
6.在我看来,人类探索太空是非常必要的。
From my point of view, to
explore space.
7.它可以为世界提供许多不同的好处。
It can the world many different benefits.
8.它还可以解决人们的短期和长期问题。
It can also people’s short-term and long-term problems.
it is very necessary for humans
provide
with
solve
1.用原因状语从句合并句4和句5。
However,other people argue that we should stop exploring space because it costs too much time and money.
亮点提升
2.用“not only...but also...”的倒装结构合并句7和句8。
Not only can it provide the world with many different benefits,but it can also solve people’s short-term and long-term problems.
Recently,we have held a heated discussion about the problem whether humans should explore space or not.Opinions are divided.
Some people hold the view that space exploration will enable us to figure out how the universe develops.What’s more,it can also help farmers to grow more food and apply the new advanced technology to our lives.However,other people argue that we should stop exploring space because it costs too much time and money.
范文展示
From my point of view,it is very necessary for humans to explore space.Not only can it provide the world with many different benefits,but it can also solve people’s short-term and long-term problems.
写作练习
全世界都在提倡网络支付,请写一篇英语作文,并发表自己的观点。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.开头已给出,不计入总词数;
3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Online payment has been advocated in more and more countries,which is the future way to pay bills.
写作指导
One possible version:
Online payment has been advocated in more and more countries,
which is the future way to pay bills. In China,online payment is popular everywhere,and even the small business can be finished in this advanced way. The advantages of online payment are obvious.
Firstly,it saves people’s time to pay bills. The online payment is carried out with a smart phone. Especially when we go to the supermarket,there are always a lot of people waiting in the long line. But now the cashier can just scan the phone and the bill will be paid,
saving a lot of time. Secondly,people don’t have to worry about getting the fake cash. Many years ago,people were easy to get fake cash as they received the change. But now,as the cash has been used less,people may not receive the fake cash any more.
In my opinion,with the development of online payment,our life will be more convenient.
重点知识回顾
Ⅰ.重点讲义回顾
1.determined adj.有决心的;意志坚定的
vt.查明;确定;决定
n.决心;决定;确定
①决定做某事(表示动作)
②决定(做)某事
③坚决地;果断地
④得知美术馆下个月要举办国画展览,我决心去当志愿者。(应用文写作·申请信)
determine
determination
determine to do sth
determine on/upon (doing) sth
with determination
Knowing an exhibition of Chinese paintings will be held at the gallery next month,
I am determined to work as a volunteer.
2.disappointment n.失望;沮丧
vt.使失望;使沮丧
adj.失望的;沮丧的
adj.令人失望的;令人沮丧的
①令某人失望的是
②失望地
③对某事感到失望
④对某人感到失望
⑤对做某事感到失望
⑥他因未能获奖而失望,独自站在窗前。(读后续写·情感描写)
disappoint
disappointed
disappointing
to one’s disappointment
in disappointment
be disappointed at/with/by sth
be disappointed in/with sb
be disappointed to do sth
Disappointed at his failing to win a prize,he stood in front of the window alone.
3.desire n.渴望;欲望 vt.渴望;期望
①渴望做某事
②渴望得到某物
③想让某人做某事
④渴望/要求……
⑤如果你想与外国人自由交流,我呼吁你立即加入我们的英语口语俱乐部。(应用文写作·建议信)
have a desire to do sth= desire to do sth
have a desire for sth
desire sb to do sth
desire that...(should) do...
If you desire to communicate with foreigners freely,I appeal to you to join our Spoken English Club right away.
4.lack n.缺乏;短缺 vt.没有;缺乏
adj.短缺的;不足的
①因缺乏……
②缺乏/缺少……
③健康问题与不好的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。
(应用文写作·健康生活)
lacking
for/through lack of...
be lacking in...
Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise.
5.argue vt.& vi.论证;争辩;争论
n.争论;争吵;论点
①就某事与某人争论/争辩
②据理赞成/反对……
③主张/认为……(虚拟语气)
④说服某人做/不做某事
⑤毋庸置疑,长城是中国的象征。(应用文写作·推荐信)
argument
argue with sb about/over sth
=have an argument with sb about/over sth
argue for/against...
argue that...(should) do sth
argue sb into/out of doing sth
It is beyond argument that the Great Wall is the symbol of China.
6.limited adj.有限的
adj.无限的
n.限度;限制vt.限制;限定
①受限制于……
②把……限定在……的范围内
③对(做)……是有限的/无限的
④对……规定限度
⑤同时,通过阅读儿童文学,我们的想象力可以无限扩展。(应用文写作·建议信)
limitless
limit
be limited to...
limit...to...
there is a/no limit to (doing)...
set a limit/limits to/on...
Meanwhile,by reading children’s literature,our imaginations can expand without limit.
7.attach vt.系;绑;贴;重视;依恋
n.附属品;附件;依恋
adj.附加的;附属的;依恋的
①认为……(很有/几乎没有)重要性/价值/意义/分量
②附属于;依恋
③他拿出吊床(hammock),把它拴在树上,舒舒服服地躺在上面,听着他最喜欢的音乐。(读后续写·动作链描写)
attachment
attached
attach (great/little)
importance/value/significance/weight to...
be attached to
He took out the hammock,attached it to the trees and lay in it comfortably,
listening to his favourite music.
Ⅱ.重点句型回顾
1.之后,苏联专注于载人太空飞行。1961年4月12日,尤里·加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。
Afterwards,the USSR focused on sending people into space,and on 12 April 1961,Yuri Gagarin became .
句式仿写
1932年,她成为第一位独自飞越大西洋的女性。(应用文写作·人物介绍)
the first person in the world to enter space
In 1932,she became the first woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean alone.
2.这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性,哪怕面临巨大的风险。
people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.
句式仿写
他在电话里说他那天没有参加比赛,因为他感觉不舒服,这让我们都很惊讶。(读后续写·语言描写)
This is because
On the phone he said he did not enter the race that day and that was because he was not feeling well,which surprised us all.
3.世界各国正在投入数十亿美元的资金和大量时间执行各种太空任务,无论是去火星还是其他更远的星球。
Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions,
.
句式仿写
无论你是否会成功,我们都会一直支持你。(读后续写·语言描写)
whether to Mars or other planets
much further away
Whether you succeed or not,we’ll always be on your side.
4.看着我们星球的照片,犹如黑色汪洋大海中的一个小岛,人们意识到地球的资源是有限的。
made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited.
句式仿写
父亲来帮忙对他们是一个很大的鼓励。(读后续写·场景描写)
Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea
Their father’s coming to help was a great encouragement to them.
5.奥林匹斯山是火星上最大的火山,高度大约是珠穆朗玛峰的两倍。
Olympus Mons,the largest volcano on Mars,is
Mount Qomolangma.
句式仿写
总的来说,他们吃的垃圾食品是其他国家人的两倍。
(应用文写作·健康生活)
about twice as high
as
In general,they eat twice as much junk food as people in other countries.
Ⅲ.重点语法回顾
1.当中心词为序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、the next、the only等修饰时,常用 作后置定语。
2.如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词,或者不定式修饰的 词或 词是不定式动作的地点、工具等,不定式后需要加相应的 词。
3.动词不定式作原因状语,常置于一些 词或 分词后,来说明产生某种情感的 。
4.动词不定式作结果状语,强调的是一种 的结果,通常与
搭配。现在分词作结果状语,强调的是一种 的结果。
动词不定式
名
代
介
形容
过去
原因
意想不到
only
顺承的、自然而然
课时作业
基础进阶·情境运用
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.His (热衷的) interest in space exploration led him to become an astronaut.
2.There is always an (争论) about the existence of aliens in the universe.
3.The research on the universe is so (浅的) that we can only see a small part of it.
keen
argument
shallow
4.Satellites are (定期地) sent into space to study the universe.
5.Our knowledge of the universe is (有限的).
6.The (神秘事物) of the universe continue to puzzle scientists.
7. (模式) in the universe can help us understand its formation.
8.Robots can be (绑) to spacecraft for repair work.
regularly
limited
mysteries
Patterns
attached
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.The hotel has its own pool and leisure (facility).
2.My younger brother is keen detective stories.
3.Burning coal causes serious air pollution and increases the
(globe) warming.
4.Settle the question by (argue),not by fight.
5.His carelessness resulted his failure in the exam.
6.We are reminded to pay attention to the following sentence
(pattern).
facilities
on
global
argument
in
patterns
7.This information is only raw data and will need further
(analyse).
8.He is being constantly (monitor) with regular checks on his blood pressure.
9.Because of my dieting,I am physically unhealthy.So I must have diets and work out .(regular)
10.A person’s life is but serving the people is .
(limit)
analysis
monitored
irregular
regular
regularly
limited
limitless
Ⅲ.情境写作
1.令我们兴奋的是,这次太空任务带来了许多新发现。
To our excitement,the space mission .
2.最后,我想对所有的宇航员表示感谢。
,I would like to express my gratitude to all the astronauts.
3.燃料耗尽,飞船被迫紧急着陆。
,forcing the spaceship to make an emergency landing.
resulted in many new discoveries
In closing
The fuel ran out
4.火箭到达的高度是先前记录的两倍。
The rocket reached a height that of the previous record.
5.我们对宇宙的认识仅限于我们所能观察到的。
Our knowledge of the universe what we could observe.
6.政府非常重视这次的太空计划。
The government the space programme.
twice as high as
was limited to
attached great importance to
Ⅳ.句子语法填空
1.To tell the truth,everyone thought she was the most suitable woman (take) the job.
2.When you make a decision (buy) something,you must remember that a good name of a product doesn’t necessarily mean good quality of it.
3.Mary hurried to the booking office,only (tell) that the tickets had been sold out.
to take
to buy
to be told
4.Volunteering gives you a chance (change) lives,including your own.
5.This is the only way we can come up with (reduce) the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.
to change
to reduce
话题延伸·素养升华
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
China’s Yutu 2 Rover (探月车),which was crossing a crater
(环形山) on the far side of the moon,discovered a mysterious,cube-like structure as it scanned the skyline.The unknown structure seemed to be located around 260 feet away from where the Rover crossed.
Our Space,associated with the Chinese National Space Administration which controls Yutu 2,first noted the object in a post;the story gave a nickname to the object “mystery hut”.Yutu 2 has since adjusted course to check out the cube,and will spend the next 2 to 3 lunar days investigating this mysterious moon feature.
The Yutu 2 Rover launched with China’s Chang’e 4 mission in 2018,reached the moon in January 2019.The mission aimed to discover more about the far side of the moon,or as pop culture calls it,the “dark side” of the moon.Contrary to this nickname,the far side of the moon is not actually always dark,it just faces away from Earth.The rover,solar powered,goes into a kind of hibernation (休眠)
when the sun sets on the far side of the moon,and wakes up to work when the sun rises over the crater.
Yutu 2 has seen plenty of interesting moon features in its travels already,including a strange gel (胶状物) that turned out to be some rocks melted together,and some pieces that were likely to be from the impact of a meteor(流星).The Chang’e 4 mission has also brought forth some fascinating new discoveries like what could be pieces of the moon’s mantle (覆盖层).
Whatever this structure turns out to be,Yutu 2 will continue uncovering other secrets the “dark side” of the moon is holding.
语篇导读:本文是新闻报道。文章介绍了中国的“玉兔二号”探月车在月球背面进行的移动探测及其发现。
( )1.What does “mystery hut” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A.Yutu 2 Rover.
B.A cube-like structure.
C.A newly discovered crater.
D.Chinese National Space Administration.
√
答案及剖析:
1.B 猜测短语题。根据画线短语前的the object以及画线短语后的“Yutu 2 has since adjusted course to check out the cube”可知,画线短语指的是第一段中的a mysterious,cube-like structure,故选B。
( )2.Why was Yutu 2 sent onto the moon
A.To research into the dark side of the moon.
B.To explore the use of solar energy on the moon.
C.To take pictures of the sun from the far side of the moon.
D.To measure the distance between Earth and the moon.
√
答案及剖析:
2.A 细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句可知,发送“玉兔二号”探月车的目的是研究月球的背面,故选A。
( )3.What can we learn from the discoveries made by Yutu 2
A.Sunshine cannot reach the far side of the moon.
B.The temperature on the moon is always changing.
C.Many rocky mountains rise on the surface of the moon.
D.The moon may have been crashed into by another object.
√
答案及剖析:
3.D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第一句可知,“玉兔二号”的发现表明月球可能被另一物体撞击过,故选D。
( )4.In which section of a website may this text appear
A.Health. B.Technology.
C.Politics. D.Economy.
√
答案及剖析:
4.B 推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章主要介绍的是中国的“玉兔二号”探月车在月球背面进行的移动探测及其发现,这属于科技范畴,因此本文最有可能出现在科技板块,故选B。
B
The Shrinking Storm on Jupiter(木星)
It’s snowing,but the clouds are red.The wind howls at 400 miles an hour,faster than a hurricane.And it’s colder than the North Pole.
Named the Great Red Spot,this storm is on Jupiter,the largest planet that goes around the sun.The storm is shrinking.No one knows why—or what it will do next.
Astronomers discovered the Great Red Spot by looking at Jupiter through telescopes.The spot,once estimated to be 2.6×104 km across,was just 1.2×104 km wide when the Hubble Space Telescope last observed it.“It’s at the smallest size that we’ve ever seen,” says Dr Amy Simon,an astronomer who studies the storm.It’s also changing shape,looking more like a circle than its usual oval.
Jupiter differs greatly from Earth.It’s made mostly of hydrogen and helium(氦).However,Jupiter’s great gravity squeezes the hydrogen and helium,turning most of these elements into liquid.Only the outer part of Jupiter is gas.And that’s where the Great Red Spot is.No one knows why the Great Red Spot is red.
Like Jupiter’s air,the spot is made mostly of hydrogen and helium gases.But they have no colour.So something else must colour the spot red.
Mysteries abound about the spot,such as what powers it and why it is so red.Now another one arises.The Great Red Spot has lasted longer than any storm on Earth.On Earth,hurricanes weaken when they move from sea to land,and when they move north or south.Neither of these things happens on Jupiter.Yet the storm is shrinking.“Could it disappear ”asks Dr Simon.“Would I bet money on it one way or the other Probably not.”
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章介绍了天文学家通过望远镜发现了木星的大红斑,还发现大红斑正变得越来越小,越来越圆。
( )5.What do we learn about the Great Red Spot
A.It is getting smaller and rounder.
B.It is getting colder and faster.
C.It is getting higher and redder.
D.It is getting redder and lighter.
√
答案及剖析:
5.A 细节理解题。根据文章标题、第一段的“The storm is shrinking.”以及第二段的“The spot,once estimated... ‘It’s at the smallest size that we’ve ever seen,’says Dr Amy Simon”可知,大红斑(the Great Red Spot)正变得越来越小;根据第二段的最后一句可知,大红斑变得越来越圆。故选A。
( )6.What can we learn about Jupiter from this article
A.It is bigger than the sun.
B.It has slight gravity.
C.It contains liquid and gas.
D.It usually looks red.
√
答案及剖析:
6.C 细节理解题。根据第三段的“It’s made mostly of... into liquid.”可知,木星主要由氢和氦组成,然而木星的巨大引力挤压了氢和氦,将它们中的大多数变成了液体;再根据第三段的第三句可知,木星外层部分是气体。由此可知,木星上有液体和气体,故选C。
( )7.What does the underlined word “abound” in the last paragraph mean
A.Get solved finally.
B.Go missing abruptly.
C.Exist numerously.
D.Decrease gradually.
√
答案及剖析:
7.C 猜测词义题。画线词所在段中的“what powers it and why it is so red”和another one指的都是谜团(Mysteries),结合语境推测,此处想表达这些谜团有很多,现在又出现了另一个。结合选项可知C项与画线词表达的意思一致,意为“大量存在;有许多”,故选C。
( )8.What is Dr Simon’s attitude towards the disappearance of the Great Red Spot
A.Hopeful. B.Confident.
C.Worried. D.Doubtful.
√
答案及剖析:
8.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,Simon博士对大红斑是否会消失这件事不敢打赌(bet),也就是并不确定。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Around 50 Mars missions have been launched globally so far since 1960.Yet more than half of them have 1 to reach the planet about 55 million kilometres away from Earth.So after China’s Mars probe,Tianwen 1,was 2 on 23 July 2020,there was an 3 wait for its progress.
The craft landed 4 on the surface of the planet on 15 May 2021.The news met with both 5 and celebration in the country.
The landing was 6 exactly as planned,which has made China the latest member of the club of the world’s pioneering 7 ,and shows that China has 8 the technologies independently.
It is the can-do spirit that has played a key role in China’s scientific and technological development in recent decades
9 some failures in exploring outer space.
China made its early 10 in rocket and space technologies starting from the 1960s when the country 11 largely a backward agricultural country. 12 ,the country has made the most of what it had over the past more than six decades,making efforts to move ahead in the aerospace cause.
In April 2021,China sent Tianhe into space, 13 a series of launches that finally completed the building of the space station in 2022.
All these achievements have 14 greatly to the peaceful use of outer space.During its Mars mission,China has worked with European 15 and other countries and will help push humankind to travel faster and farther in the future.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。“天问一号”成功着陆火星是中国太空技术发展的巨大飞跃。
( )1.
答案及剖析:
1.B 根据“Around 50 Mars missions have been launched globally so far since 1960.”和Yet可知,超过一半的火星任务未能到达距离地球约5 500万公里的行星。failed to do sth意为“未能做成某事”,符合语境。故选B。
A.begun B.failed
C.attempted D.succeeded
√
( )2.
答案及剖析:
2.C 根据下文“The craft landed 4 on the surface of the planet on 15 May 2021.”和常识可知,此处指“天问一号”的发射(launched)。故选C。
A.transported B.discovered
C.launched D.settled
√
答案及剖析:
3.A 根据上文可知,火星任务失败率很高,因此在“天问一号”发射之后,所有人都在焦急(anxious)等待它的进展情况。故选A。
( )3.
A.anxious B.aware
C.awkward D.amazing
√
答案及剖析:
4.B 根据“The news met with both 5 and celebration in the country.”可知,飞行器安全(safely)着陆在火星表面,举国欢庆。故选B。
( )4.
A.suddenly B.safely
C.calmly D.obviously
√
答案及剖析:
5.D 根据“The craft landed 4 on the surface of the planet”可知,飞行器安全着陆火星的消息令人宽慰(relief)。故选D。
( )5.
A.protest B.regret
C.pity D.relief
√
答案及剖析:
6.C 根据as planned可知,飞行器的着陆是按计划实施(carried out)的。故选C。
( )6.
A.carried away B.carried off
C.carried out D.carried on
√
答案及剖析:
7.A 根据下一段的in exploring outer space可知,飞行器安全地着陆在火星表面是一次太空探索,中国已然跻身于世界先锋探索者(explorers)行列。故选A。
( )7.
A.explorers B.applicants
C.officials D.editors
√
答案及剖析:
8.C 根据the technologies independently可知,此次火星着陆证明中国已经自主研发(developed)出了此类技术。故选C。
( )8.
A.borrowed B.selected
C.developed D.removed
√
( )9.
A.without B.beyond
C.except D.despite
答案及剖析:
9.D 根据some failures in exploring outer space可知,空后与主句之间有让步关系,尽管(despite)太空探索曾遇到失败,但是敢做能为的精神还是在科技发展过程中发挥了重大作用。故选D。
√
答案及剖析:
10.D 根据in rocket and space technologies starting from the 1960s可知,中国在火箭和太空技术方面取得了早期的突破(breakthroughs)。故选D。
( )10.
A.promises B.impacts
C.inventions D.breakthroughs
√
答案及剖析:
11.B 根据from the 1960s when和largely a backward agricultural country并结合常识可知,当时中国在很大程度上仍是(remained)一个落后的农业国家。故选B。
( )11.
A.became B.remained
C.ended D.started
√
答案及剖析:
12.D 根据“the country has made the most of what it had...move ahead in the aerospace cause”与上文的largely a backward agricultural country可知,前后为转折关系。故选D。
( )12.
A.Thus B.Therefore
C.Furthermore D.However
√
( )13.
A.starting off B.cutting off
C.getting off D.putting off
√
答案及剖析:
13.A 根据“China sent Tianhe into space”和下文a series of launches可知,随着天和核心舱进入太空,中国开始了(starting off)一系列建设太空站的发射任务。故选A。
答案及剖析:
14.B 根据greatly to the peaceful use of outer space可知,中国的所有这些成就极大地促进了(contributed)外太空的和平使用。故选B。
( )14.
A.appealed B.contributed
C.responded D.belonged
√
答案及剖析:
15.C 根据“and other countries and will help push humankind to travel faster and farther in the future”可知,在火星任务实施期间,中国已经和其他国家一起合作来探索太空。故选C。
( )15.
A.neighbours B.friends
C.partners D.classmates
√
Ⅲ.写作训练
你校英文报正在组织题为“My Understanding of Space Exploration”的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:
1.太空探索的重要性;
2.你的理由;
3.举例说明。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
My Understanding of Space Exploration
[写作指导]
One possible version:
My Understanding of Space Exploration
In my opinion,space exploration is crucial for the progress and development of mankind.The reasons are as follows.
First of all,people can attain new knowledge of outer space through their exploration.Secondly,human beings could get access to new resources,thus solving energy shortage problems on Earth.Thirdly,this exploration could possibly bring about new living space for human life in the near future.
We often benefit from space exploration.For example,space exploration has given us communications satellites,which enable us to stay connected globally.Overall,space exploration is essential for our future and should continue to be a priority.
谢 谢 观 看
Part 2
Listening and Talking—Video Time
自主预习·课前清障
1.soap n.
2.towel n.
3.telescope n.
4.microwave n.
5.tissue n.
基础识记
阅读单词
肥皂
毛巾;抹布
望远镜
微波炉
纸巾;(人、动植物细胞的)组织
6.facility n.
7.fatal adj.
8.high-end adj.
9.foam n.
10.pillow n.
11.oxygen n.
设施;设备
致命的;灾难性的
高端的
泡沫橡胶;泡沫
枕头
氧;氧气
核心单词
1. adj.热衷的;渴望的
2. adj.肤浅的;浅的
3. n.模式;图案;模范
4. n.监视器;监测仪
vt.监视;监测;监控
5. n.智能手机
6. n.资源;财力;物力
7. vt.系;绑;贴
keen
shallow
pattern
monitor
smartphone
resource
attach
运用词汇
1.globe n.地球;世界;地球仪→ adj.全球的;全世界的;全面的→ adv.全球地;全局地→ n.全球化
2.argue vt.& vi.论证;争辩;争论→ n.争论;争吵;论点
3.analysis n.(对事物的)分析;分析结果→ vt.分析
4.regularly adv.经常;定期地→ adj.定期的;经常的;正常的→ adj.无规律的;不定期的
global
globally
globalisation
argument
analyse
regular
irregular
5.limited adj.有限的→ adj.无限的→ n.限度;限制
vt.限制;限定
6.closing adj.结尾的;结束的 n.停业;关闭;倒闭→ vt.关闭
adj.近的;亲密的→ adv.仔细地;严密地
7.mystery n.神秘事物;谜→ adj.神秘的
limitless
limit
close
closely
mysterious
重点词块及句型
重点词块
1. 浪费时间和金钱做某事
2. (做)某事的解决方法
3. 没能做某事
4. 有影响;起作用
5. 导致;造成
6. 被传送到
waste time and money doing sth
the solution to (doing) sth
fail to do sth
make a difference
result in
be transmitted to
7. 所以;结果(是)
8. 努力做某事
9. 满足要求
10. 提供生活所需
11. 目前
12. 接近……
13. 最后
14. 用完;耗尽
as a result
in one’s efforts to do sth
meet the requirements
provide for sb
at present
be close to
in closing
run out
重点句型
1.世界各国正在投入数十亿美元的资金和大量时间执行各种太空任务,无论是去火星还是其他更远的星球。
Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and
lots of time on various space missions,
.
whether to Mars or other
planets much further away
2.由于采用了先进的技术,如今全球高端产品的生产标准提高了,而这些技术最初是为了满足太空探索的要求而研制出来的。
High-end products around the world are made to a higher standard now advanced technology
for space exploration.
because of
which was first created to
meet the requirements
3.看着我们星球的照片,犹如黑色汪洋大海中的一个小岛,人们意识到地球的资源是有限的。
made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited.
4.因此,这项事业应该继续下去,以便为人们(面临的)长期问题和短期问题提供更好的和更新的解决方案。
Therefore,it should continue
to people’s short-term and long-term problems.
Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea
so as to provide new and better
solutions
学习理解·语篇解构
语篇导读·先行把握
1.主题语境:人与社会——阐述有关太空探索的论点
2.语篇类型:议论文
3.课文内容分析:本文主要论述了太空探索是否值得付出那么多的金钱和努力的问题。一些人认为这是浪费时间和金钱,但也有人认为探索太空对我们的生活有极大的帮助。作者从三个方面论述了探索太空给世界带来的好处。因此,它应该继续下去,以便为人们的短期和长期问题提供新的、更好的解决办法。阅读本文,有利于学生分析和评判关于太空探索的不同立场和态度,能够以全面的、发展的观点来评判科技发展所带来的利与弊。
多维解读·深度剖析
money
shallow
hunger
improvements
problems
ways
continue
精研细读·深层理解
( )1.How can exploring space help fight against hunger
A.The scientists analyse the data recorded by satellites and provide useful suggestions for farmers.
B.Satellites orbiting Earth can help fight against severe weather.
C.Satellites can change the weather pattern,thus improving output of crops.
D.The scientists invent some useful equipment to help with farming.
A
( )2.Which of the following is TRUE about space exploration
A.It has stopped the world’s population from growing.
B.It has helped to improve medical treatment.
C.It is only good for developed countries.
D.It will solve all the problems on Earth.
B
( )3.After seeing those pictures of Earth as an island in a black sea,what did people realise
A.We have such a rapidly increasing population.
B.The resources on Earth are so limited.
C.It is hard to find other planets as our new home.
D.Life on Mars will be nicer than that on Earth.
B
核心知识·深入探究
重点词汇
1.Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space.
一部分人认为,我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱去探索太空。
★argue vt.& vi.论证;争辩;争论
argument n.争论;争吵;论点
We’re always arguing with each other about some questions.
我们彼此总是为一些问题争辩。
We argued her out of going on such a journey.
我们说服她不要去这样的旅行。
My argument for space exploration is that it can assist mankind to solve the problem of lack of resources.
我支持太空探索的理由是它能够帮助人类解决资源匮乏的问题。
[备用例句]
①I argue that every one of us (should) try our best to help those in need.
我主张我们人人都应该尽力帮助那些需要帮助的人。
②We all found his argument convincing,which is beyond belief.
我们都觉得他的观点很有说服力,实在是令人难以置信。
归纳拓展
·argue with sb about/over sth 就某事与某人争论/争辩
argue for/against... 据理赞成/反对……
argue that...(should) do sth 主张/认为……(虚拟语气)
argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事
·have an argument with sb about/over sth
就某事与某人争论/争辩
It is beyond argument that... 毋庸置疑……
温馨提示
表示“说服某人做某事”的其他表达如下所示。
①persuade sb to do/into doing sth
②convince sb to do sth
③talk sb into doing sth
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①It is of great importance to cite examples to support your
(argue).
②Tom has been arguing his brother about where they should go for their holidays.
③Robert argued reducing his pocket money every month.
argument
with
against
(2)完成句子
④我原以为我能说服我的父母允许我按照我的意愿花钱。
(读后续写·心理描写)
I thought I to use my money as I wished.
⑤根据上面的表格,70%的学生赞成听英语歌曲,而20%的学生主张他们应该通过读英语经典作品提高他们的英语水平。(应用文写作·分析图表)
Based on the above chart,70% of the students listening to English songs while they should have their English level improved by reading English classics.
could argue my parents into allowing me
argue for
20% of the students argue that
2.It has directly resulted in the many satellites that now orbit Earth.
如今环绕地球运行的众多卫星都直接归功于太空探索。
★result in导致;造成
(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) Somehow,these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error.
不知何故,这些论证和推理使错误全面减少了。
(2024·浙江1月卷) It is so easy to let an online course slide,but your grades will suffer as a result.
在线课程很容易被忽视,但结果是你的成绩会受到影响。
[备用例句]
①The big fire resulted from gas leak.
大火起因于煤气泄漏。
②My car broke down on the way,and,as a result,I was late.
我的车在路上出了故障,所以我迟到了。
③The sports meeting was put off as a result of the bad weather.
由于天气恶劣,运动会被推迟了。
归纳拓展
·result from 由……产生;起因于……
·as a result 所以;结果(是)
as a result of 作为……的结果;由于……
温馨提示
①result in为及物动词短语,表示“导致”的意思,其同义词有cause、bring about、lead to、contribute to等。
②result in侧重于结果,即主语是原因,in后面接导致的结果;而result from侧重于起因,即主语是结果,from后面接事情的起因。
③as a result意为“所以;结果(是)”,后面接表示结果的句子;as a result of意为“作为……的结果;由于……”,其后面的部分表示原因,of后面接名词或动名词。
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①My English teacher can always make her classes lively and
interesting.As result,she is greatly liked by her students.
②Food allergies (过敏) can result different symptoms.
a
in
(2)句型转换
③It is known to us that hard work results in success.
→As is known to us,success hard work.
④He was injured in an accident.As a result,he couldn’t take part in the sports meeting.
→He couldn’t take part in the sports meeting his injury in an accident.
results from
as a result of
语境串词
Mary often sets aside some time to take exercise.As a result,she is energetic,seldom falling ill.Obviously,poor health usually results from a lack of exercise and unbalanced diet.However,healthy lifestyle may result in your success.
玛丽经常抽出时间来锻炼身体,因此她精力充沛,很少生病。显而易见,健康状况不佳通常是由缺乏锻炼和不均衡的饮食引起的。然而,健康的生活方式可能会使你获得成功。
3.After careful analysis,the scientists can provide useful recommendations and advice for farmers.
经过仔细的分析,科学家们可以为农民提供有用的建议和意见。
◆provide for sb 提供生活所需
He had enough money to provide for his children before he could find work.
在找到工作之前,他有足够的钱抚养孩子们。
(2023·浙江1月卷) When you’re riding on trains,you won’t be provided with a blanket for free,even if your trip is an overnight one.
当你乘坐火车时,即使你的旅行是过夜的,你也不会免费得到一条毯子。
You can go out providing that you have to finish your homework.
你可以出去,条件是你得完成家庭作业。
归纳拓展
·provide sb with sth/provide sth for sb为某人提供某物
·providing/provided (that)... 在……条件下;如果;假如
温馨提示
表示“给某人提供某物”的其他表达如下所示。
①supply sb with sth/supply sth to sb
②offer sb sth/offer sth to sb
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①Parents are to provide their kids a life of high quality.
②You may keep the book a further week
(provide) that no one else requires it.
with
providing/provided
(2)句型转换
③He had a large family to support,and he felt the pressure of being the breadwinner.
→ ,he felt the pressure of being the breadwinner.(分词作状语,短语替代单词)
④We’ll hold the concert on next Monday if the weather is good.
→We’ll hold the concert on next Monday
.(短语替代单词)
→ ,we’ll hold the concert on next Monday.
(独立主格结构)
Having a large family to provide for
providing/provided that
the weather is good
The weather being good
4.Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited.
看着我们星球的照片,犹如黑色汪洋大海中的一个小岛,人们意识到地球的资源是有限的。
★limited adj.有限的
limitless adj.无限的
limit n.限度;限制
vt.限制;限定
Families are limited to four free tickets each.
每户限发四张免费票。
Knowledge is without limit.Therefore,we should devote our limited time to acquiring it.
知识是无限的。因此,我们应该把我们有限的时间用于获得知识。
[备用例句]
①With limited time and energy,we have to be careful about what we look for and what we pay attention to.
由于时间和精力有限,我们必须对我们寻找和关注的东西特别留心。
②There is no limit to how much fresh fruit you can eat in a day.
你一天内能吃多少新鲜水果并无上限。
归纳拓展
·be limited to...受限制于……
limit...to...把……限定在……的范围内
·within the limits of 在……的范围内
there is a/no limit to (doing)...
对(做)……是有限的/无限的
set a limit/limits to/on...对……规定限度
beyond the limit超量;超出限度
without limit无限地;无限制地
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①The knowledge of the children is ,but their imagination is .(limit)
②Any driver found driving the limit will be charged.
③Life is limited,but there is no limit to (learn).
limited
limitless
beyond
learning
(2)完成句子
④我认为教学不应该局限于教室之内。
I believe teaching should not .
⑤在我看来,你们最好给这次旅行的费用定一个限度。
In my opinion,you had better
.
be limited to the classroom
set a limit to/on the expense of
your trip
5.It is necessary to find a new home for people in space,as the resources on Earth will run out.
由于地球上的资源将耗尽,有必要在太空中为人们找一个新的家园。
★run out用完;耗尽
After a long walk,he ran out of the water and his strength was also running out.
长途步行后,他的水喝完了,他的体力也快耗尽了。
In the future,caring for the environment will become very important as Earth’s natural resources run out.
在未来,随着地球自然资源的枯竭,保护环境将变得非常重要。
[备用例句]
①If you run after two hares,you will catch neither.
同时追两只兔子,一只也抓不住。
②She ran across an old friend of hers on the way to the station.
在去车站的路上,她碰到了一个老朋友。
③You always run into some difficulties at the beginning of a new job.
在开始一项新工作时,你总是会遇到一些困难。
归纳拓展
·run out of(=use up) 用完;用光;用尽
give out(=run out) 耗尽;用光
·run across(=come across) 偶然遇到
run into撞上;遇到;途中遭遇(恶劣天气)
run after追逐;追求
·in the long/short run 从长远/短期来看
温馨提示
give out表示“耗尽;用光”时,与run out用法相同,都是不及物动词短语,主语通常是物,不能用于被动语态;run out of和use up表示“用完;耗尽”时,为及物动词短语,通常以人作主语,可用于被动
语态。
语境运用
(1)用带有run的相关短语填空
①We thick fog on the way home.
②The cash has ,therefore I have to go to the bank to draw some.
③My car broke down on the way to the beach because it had
petrol.
ran into
run out
run out of
(2)完成句子
④我忍无可忍,开始勃然大怒。(读后续写·情感描写)
I had and I began to explode with anger.
⑤当我们遇到一只可爱的野兔时,我们骑上马,兴奋地追着它跑。
(读后续写·场景描写)
The moment we a cute wild rabbit,we rode our horses and it in excitement.
run out of all my patience
ran across
ran after
6.While sleeping,they must attach themselves to something so as to prevent floating around.
睡觉时,他们必须依附在某物上,以防止到处飘浮。
★attach vt.系;绑;贴;重视;依恋
attachment n.附属品;附件;依恋
attached adj.附加的;附属的;依恋的
Please don’t attach these labels to your hand luggage.
请不要把这些标签贴在您的手提行李上。
She is very attached to her family and friends.
她非常依恋家人和朋友。
[备用例句]
①This middle school is attached to a normal college.
这所中学附属于一所师范学院。
②My teacher attaches much importance to reading.
我的老师认为阅读很重要。
③Please check the attachment for relevant details.
请在附件中查看相关细节。
归纳拓展
·attach...to...把……附在/绑在……上;使……与……相联系
attach (great/little) importance/value/significance/weight to...认为……(很有/几乎没有)重要性/价值/意义/分量
·be attached to 附属于;依恋
温馨提示
以上带有attach的短语中的to均为介词,后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①You need to attach a recent photograph your application form.
②For further information,please contact us on the
(attach) email.
③More luckily,great importance has been attached to
(protect) our environment since the occurrence of so many natural disasters.
to
attached
protecting
(2)完成句子
④书写至关重要,每个人都应十分重视。(应用文写作·活动介绍)
Handwriting is of such great importance that
.
⑤她发现桌子上放着一个盒子,盒子上贴着一张卡片,上面写着
“生日快乐”。(读后续写·动作描写)
She found a box lying on the table ,
saying “Happy Birthday”.
everyone should
attach great importance to it
with a card attached to it
重点句式
1.Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions,whether to Mars or other planets much further away.
世界各国正在投入数十亿美元的资金和大量时间执行各种太空任务,无论是去火星还是其他更远的星球。
◆whether...or...不论……还是……
(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷) To eat one,you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first,releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出),or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth,letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁,还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。
(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷) Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail (小径),camping,or just enjoying the park’s amazing wildlife from the road,this quick workshop is for you and your family.
无论你是在野外徒步旅行、露营,还是只是在路边欣赏公园里令人惊叹的野生动物,这个快速的工作坊都是为你和你的家人准备的。
(2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷) Whether you paint still lives,portraits,
or landscapes,paint from life as much as possible.
无论你画静物、肖像还是风景画,都要尽可能地从生活中取材。
[备用例句]
①Whether you like or dislike the job,you have to finish it.
无论你喜欢还是不喜欢这个工作,你都必须完成它。
②Whether happy or sad,she always tries to keep smiling.
不管开心还是难过,她总是试着保持微笑。
归纳拓展
·“whether ...or ...”意为“不论……还是……”,它可以用于引出正反、对错等两种概念,是一种强烈的让步语气,即不管情况如何,正反两方面都估计在内,总之,不会影响后面主句动作的结果。
·在“whether...or...”结构中,or不可省略,也不能用if来取代whether。“whether...or...”后面可以接不定式、形容词或其他短语。
温馨提示
“whether...or...”还可引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,意为“是……还是……”。引导主语从句时,可用it作形式主语。
Whether they consider this opinion or not is not clear.
=It is not clear whether they consider this opinion or not.
他们是否考虑这个意见还不清楚。
语境运用
完成句子
①无论你是否喜欢这个想法,我都要做下去。
,I’m going ahead with it.
②我们似乎拿不定主意是要一个现代化的城市还是一个传统的城市。
We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city
.
Whether you like the idea or not
or a traditional one
③当他问我这样做或那样做是否可行时,我只是不停地点头。
(读后续写·动作描写)
I just kept nodding when he asked me whether it is OK to do this way .
④他是否赢得第一名已经不重要了。正是他勇敢的心和坚定的信念,最终使一些不寻常的事情发生了。 (读后续写·主题升华)
It was no more important .It was his brave heart and strong faith that made something unusual happen finally.
or that way
whether he won the first place or not
2....is about twice as high as Mount Qomolangma.
……高度大约是珠穆朗玛峰的两倍。
◆句中twice as high as是一种倍数表达法。
This room is three times as big as that one.
这个房间的面积是那个房间的3倍。
The newly discovered planet is about ten times the size of Earth.
新发现的行星大小约是地球的10倍。
归纳拓展
·“A+be+倍数+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B”,表示“A比B大(长、高、宽等)多少倍”
·“A+be+倍数+as+形容词或副词的原级+as+B”,表示“A是B的多少倍”
·“A+be+倍数+the+名词(size/height/length/width...)+of+B”,表示“A是B的多少倍”
·“A+be+倍数+what从句”,表示“A是……的多少倍”
语境运用
(1)句子语法填空
①My school has expanded into a big one,which is three times
(big) than the previous one.
②The output of this year is three times it was in 2021.
bigger
what
(2)一句多译
在建的体育馆将是操场的3倍大。
③The new stadium being built will be the playground.(than)
④The new stadium being built will be the playground.(as...as)
⑤The new stadium being built will be the playground.(size)
three times bigger than
three times as big as
three times the size of
长难句分析
However,others feel ①this is a shallow view ②which fails to realise ③how exploring space helps us.
然而,另一部分人觉得这是一种肤浅的观点,没有认识到探索太空给我们带来的好处。
分析:这是一个主从复合句。句①是宾语从句,作动词feel的宾语;句②是which引导的定语从句,修饰名词view;句③是宾语从句,作动词realise的宾语。
情境写作
①然而,有不少人觉得这是一个不实用的计划,没有意识到环保对我们有多重要。
语境运用
However,quite a few people think this is an impractical plan,which fails to realise how important environmental protection is to us.
②我觉得这是一个没能意识到父母的陪伴对孩子有多重要的观点。
I think this is a point of view that fails to realise how important parental company is to children.
进阶提升·写作微练
常见的英语逻辑衔接词
常用词汇
一、课文词汇
先后次序关系
1.firstly首先(主要用于列举条目、论点时);第一
2.secondly其次;第二
3.finally最后(用于列举);终于
4.in closing最后
5.then接下来;然后
因果关系
6.as a result所以;结果(是)
7.therefore因此;所以
举例关系
8.for example例如
转折关系
9.instead相反;代替;反而
10.however然而;不过
二、补充词汇
并列关系
11.also/as well as 也
12.either...or...或者……或者……
13.for one thing...for another...一方面……另一方面……
递进关系
14.What’s more 而且;更重要的是
15.not only...but also... 不仅……而且……
强调关系
16.particularly 尤其是
对比关系
17.on the contrary 与此相反
条件关系
18.if so 如果这样的话
19.if possible 如果可能的话
20.provided that...如果……
常用句型
一、课本原句
1.Instead,we should feed the world’s poor and find immediate solutions to other problems,such as pollution and fatal diseases.
相反,我们应该解决世界上穷人的温饱问题,并尽快找到污染、致命性疾病等其他问题的解决方案。
2.However,others feel this is a shallow view which fails to realise how exploring space helps us.
然而,另一部分人觉得这是一种肤浅的观点,没有认识到探索太空给我们带来的好处。
3.Firstly,exploring space has already made a difference in the fight against world hunger.
首先,太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用。
4.As a result,space-based science has helped farming in its efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth’s increasing population.
因此,基于太空的科学有助于提高农业产量,从而为地球上不断增长的人口提供充足的食物。
5.In closing,exploring space provides the world with many different benefits.
总而言之,太空探索给世界带来了种种好处。
6.Therefore,it should continue so as to provide new and better solutions to people’s short-term and long-term problems.
因此,这项事业应该继续下去,以便为人们(面临的)长期问题和短期问题提供更好的和更新的解决方案。
二、其他表达
7.It’s no trouble at all; on the contrary,it will be a great pleasure to help you.
这根本不麻烦。相反,我很乐意帮助你。
8.I haven’t been to see her for a long time.For one thing,she lives too far away; for another,I’ve been rather busy.
我好久没有去看她了,一来路太远,二来没工夫。
9.If possible,you can reply to me as soon as possible.
如果可能的话,你可以尽快回复我。
10.Now I can walk to work instead of going by car.
现在我可以步行去上班,而不必开车了。
微写作训练
1.然而,一方面,我们需要仔细考虑利弊,另一方面,我们也需要从不同的角度来看待这个问题。最后,我们不应该局限于一种观点。
However,for one thing,we need to consider the pros and cons carefully.For another,we also need to look at the issue from different perspectives.In closing,we should not be limited to one point of view.
2.首先,我们需要找出问题所在。其次,我们应该想出可能的解决办法。例如,增加资源或改变方法。
我们尤其需要确保这些解决办法切实有效。
Firstly,we need to identify the problem.Secondly,we should come up with possible solutions,for example,increasing resources or changing the approach.Particularly,we need to make sure that these solutions are practical and effective.
写作专项指导
文本解读
1.文体类型:阐述有关太空探索的观点,属于议论文范畴,常用于就某一讨论话题发表个人观点。
2.要点内容:
(1)就“人类是否应该进行太空探索”这一话题进行讨论;
(2)从正反两方面进行论述;
(3)阐明自己的观点并提供论据。
An argumentative essay about space exploration
思路指引
实用表达
1.首段常用句式。
Different people have different ideas about ...
I hold the view that ...
Different people look at the question in different ways.
Recently we have had a heated discussion on whether...or not.
According to a recent survey,...
Opinions are divided on the question.
Every coin has two sides.
2.中段常用句式。
Sixty percent of the people hold the view that ...
I think there are many advantages in exploring space.First...Second...
On the other hand,the rest of the people are against ...
Generally speaking,its advantages can be seen as follows.
Some students are for the idea,while others think otherwise.
However,there are a large number of people who hold a different view concerning this case.
Some hold the view that...while others think that...
3.尾段常用句式。
I hold the belief that ...
I think we should ...
From my point of view,...
Therefore,we can draw the conclusion that...
佳作建构
最近,你班同学就“人类是否应该进行太空探索”这个问题进行了激烈的讨论。有人认为,探索太空不仅能让人类更好地了解宇宙的发展,还可以用来指导农业生产,以及把一些探索太空的高新技术用于日常生活;也有一些人认为,探索太空花费了大量的人力、物力,影响了人们的生活水平。请你根据以上情况用英语写一篇报告,并发表自己的观点。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
审题谋篇
Ⅰ.对接单元词汇
1. 是否……
2. 探索太空
3. 弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白
4. 主张/认为……
5. 为某人提供某物
whether...or not
explore space
figure out
argue that...
provide sb with sth/provide sth for sb
Ⅱ.巧用单元句式、语法
1.最近,我们就“人类是否应该进行太空探索”这个问题进行了
激烈的讨论。
Recently,we have about the problem
.
2.一些人认为,太空探索能让我们弄清楚宇宙是如何发展的。
Some people hold the view that space exploration will enable us to
how the universe develops.
held a heated discussion
whether humans should explore space or not
figure out
3.更重要的是,它还可以帮助农民种植更多的食物,并将新的先进技术应用到我们的生活中。
What’s more,it can also help farmers to grow more food and
our lives.
4.然而,另一些人认为我们应该停止探索太空。
However,other people we should stop exploring space.
5.它花费太多的时间和金钱。
It costs time and money.
apply the new advanced technology to
argue that
too much
6.在我看来,人类探索太空是非常必要的。
From my point of view, to
explore space.
7.它可以为世界提供许多不同的好处。
It can the world many different benefits.
8.它还可以解决人们的短期和长期问题。
It can also people’s short-term and long-term problems.
it is very necessary for humans
provide
with
solve
1.用原因状语从句合并句4和句5。
However,other people argue that we should stop exploring space because it costs too much time and money.
亮点提升
2.用“not only...but also...”的倒装结构合并句7和句8。
Not only can it provide the world with many different benefits,but it can also solve people’s short-term and long-term problems.
Recently,we have held a heated discussion about the problem whether humans should explore space or not.Opinions are divided.
Some people hold the view that space exploration will enable us to figure out how the universe develops.What’s more,it can also help farmers to grow more food and apply the new advanced technology to our lives.However,other people argue that we should stop exploring space because it costs too much time and money.
范文展示
From my point of view,it is very necessary for humans to explore space.Not only can it provide the world with many different benefits,but it can also solve people’s short-term and long-term problems.
写作练习
全世界都在提倡网络支付,请写一篇英语作文,并发表自己的观点。
注意:1.写作词数应为80个左右;
2.开头已给出,不计入总词数;
3.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
Online payment has been advocated in more and more countries,which is the future way to pay bills.
写作指导
One possible version:
Online payment has been advocated in more and more countries,
which is the future way to pay bills. In China,online payment is popular everywhere,and even the small business can be finished in this advanced way. The advantages of online payment are obvious.
Firstly,it saves people’s time to pay bills. The online payment is carried out with a smart phone. Especially when we go to the supermarket,there are always a lot of people waiting in the long line. But now the cashier can just scan the phone and the bill will be paid,
saving a lot of time. Secondly,people don’t have to worry about getting the fake cash. Many years ago,people were easy to get fake cash as they received the change. But now,as the cash has been used less,people may not receive the fake cash any more.
In my opinion,with the development of online payment,our life will be more convenient.
重点知识回顾
Ⅰ.重点讲义回顾
1.determined adj.有决心的;意志坚定的
vt.查明;确定;决定
n.决心;决定;确定
①决定做某事(表示动作)
②决定(做)某事
③坚决地;果断地
④得知美术馆下个月要举办国画展览,我决心去当志愿者。(应用文写作·申请信)
determine
determination
determine to do sth
determine on/upon (doing) sth
with determination
Knowing an exhibition of Chinese paintings will be held at the gallery next month,
I am determined to work as a volunteer.
2.disappointment n.失望;沮丧
vt.使失望;使沮丧
adj.失望的;沮丧的
adj.令人失望的;令人沮丧的
①令某人失望的是
②失望地
③对某事感到失望
④对某人感到失望
⑤对做某事感到失望
⑥他因未能获奖而失望,独自站在窗前。(读后续写·情感描写)
disappoint
disappointed
disappointing
to one’s disappointment
in disappointment
be disappointed at/with/by sth
be disappointed in/with sb
be disappointed to do sth
Disappointed at his failing to win a prize,he stood in front of the window alone.
3.desire n.渴望;欲望 vt.渴望;期望
①渴望做某事
②渴望得到某物
③想让某人做某事
④渴望/要求……
⑤如果你想与外国人自由交流,我呼吁你立即加入我们的英语口语俱乐部。(应用文写作·建议信)
have a desire to do sth= desire to do sth
have a desire for sth
desire sb to do sth
desire that...(should) do...
If you desire to communicate with foreigners freely,I appeal to you to join our Spoken English Club right away.
4.lack n.缺乏;短缺 vt.没有;缺乏
adj.短缺的;不足的
①因缺乏……
②缺乏/缺少……
③健康问题与不好的饮食习惯和缺乏锻炼密切相关。
(应用文写作·健康生活)
lacking
for/through lack of...
be lacking in...
Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise.
5.argue vt.& vi.论证;争辩;争论
n.争论;争吵;论点
①就某事与某人争论/争辩
②据理赞成/反对……
③主张/认为……(虚拟语气)
④说服某人做/不做某事
⑤毋庸置疑,长城是中国的象征。(应用文写作·推荐信)
argument
argue with sb about/over sth
=have an argument with sb about/over sth
argue for/against...
argue that...(should) do sth
argue sb into/out of doing sth
It is beyond argument that the Great Wall is the symbol of China.
6.limited adj.有限的
adj.无限的
n.限度;限制vt.限制;限定
①受限制于……
②把……限定在……的范围内
③对(做)……是有限的/无限的
④对……规定限度
⑤同时,通过阅读儿童文学,我们的想象力可以无限扩展。(应用文写作·建议信)
limitless
limit
be limited to...
limit...to...
there is a/no limit to (doing)...
set a limit/limits to/on...
Meanwhile,by reading children’s literature,our imaginations can expand without limit.
7.attach vt.系;绑;贴;重视;依恋
n.附属品;附件;依恋
adj.附加的;附属的;依恋的
①认为……(很有/几乎没有)重要性/价值/意义/分量
②附属于;依恋
③他拿出吊床(hammock),把它拴在树上,舒舒服服地躺在上面,听着他最喜欢的音乐。(读后续写·动作链描写)
attachment
attached
attach (great/little)
importance/value/significance/weight to...
be attached to
He took out the hammock,attached it to the trees and lay in it comfortably,
listening to his favourite music.
Ⅱ.重点句型回顾
1.之后,苏联专注于载人太空飞行。1961年4月12日,尤里·加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。
Afterwards,the USSR focused on sending people into space,and on 12 April 1961,Yuri Gagarin became .
句式仿写
1932年,她成为第一位独自飞越大西洋的女性。(应用文写作·人物介绍)
the first person in the world to enter space
In 1932,she became the first woman to fly across the Atlantic Ocean alone.
2.这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性,哪怕面临巨大的风险。
people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.
句式仿写
他在电话里说他那天没有参加比赛,因为他感觉不舒服,这让我们都很惊讶。(读后续写·语言描写)
This is because
On the phone he said he did not enter the race that day and that was because he was not feeling well,which surprised us all.
3.世界各国正在投入数十亿美元的资金和大量时间执行各种太空任务,无论是去火星还是其他更远的星球。
Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of time on various space missions,
.
句式仿写
无论你是否会成功,我们都会一直支持你。(读后续写·语言描写)
whether to Mars or other planets
much further away
Whether you succeed or not,we’ll always be on your side.
4.看着我们星球的照片,犹如黑色汪洋大海中的一个小岛,人们意识到地球的资源是有限的。
made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited.
句式仿写
父亲来帮忙对他们是一个很大的鼓励。(读后续写·场景描写)
Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea
Their father’s coming to help was a great encouragement to them.
5.奥林匹斯山是火星上最大的火山,高度大约是珠穆朗玛峰的两倍。
Olympus Mons,the largest volcano on Mars,is
Mount Qomolangma.
句式仿写
总的来说,他们吃的垃圾食品是其他国家人的两倍。
(应用文写作·健康生活)
about twice as high
as
In general,they eat twice as much junk food as people in other countries.
Ⅲ.重点语法回顾
1.当中心词为序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级、the next、the only等修饰时,常用 作后置定语。
2.如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词,或者不定式修饰的 词或 词是不定式动作的地点、工具等,不定式后需要加相应的 词。
3.动词不定式作原因状语,常置于一些 词或 分词后,来说明产生某种情感的 。
4.动词不定式作结果状语,强调的是一种 的结果,通常与
搭配。现在分词作结果状语,强调的是一种 的结果。
动词不定式
名
代
介
形容
过去
原因
意想不到
only
顺承的、自然而然
课时作业
基础进阶·情境运用
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.His (热衷的) interest in space exploration led him to become an astronaut.
2.There is always an (争论) about the existence of aliens in the universe.
3.The research on the universe is so (浅的) that we can only see a small part of it.
keen
argument
shallow
4.Satellites are (定期地) sent into space to study the universe.
5.Our knowledge of the universe is (有限的).
6.The (神秘事物) of the universe continue to puzzle scientists.
7. (模式) in the universe can help us understand its formation.
8.Robots can be (绑) to spacecraft for repair work.
regularly
limited
mysteries
Patterns
attached
Ⅱ.语境填词
1.The hotel has its own pool and leisure (facility).
2.My younger brother is keen detective stories.
3.Burning coal causes serious air pollution and increases the
(globe) warming.
4.Settle the question by (argue),not by fight.
5.His carelessness resulted his failure in the exam.
6.We are reminded to pay attention to the following sentence
(pattern).
facilities
on
global
argument
in
patterns
7.This information is only raw data and will need further
(analyse).
8.He is being constantly (monitor) with regular checks on his blood pressure.
9.Because of my dieting,I am physically unhealthy.So I must have diets and work out .(regular)
10.A person’s life is but serving the people is .
(limit)
analysis
monitored
irregular
regular
regularly
limited
limitless
Ⅲ.情境写作
1.令我们兴奋的是,这次太空任务带来了许多新发现。
To our excitement,the space mission .
2.最后,我想对所有的宇航员表示感谢。
,I would like to express my gratitude to all the astronauts.
3.燃料耗尽,飞船被迫紧急着陆。
,forcing the spaceship to make an emergency landing.
resulted in many new discoveries
In closing
The fuel ran out
4.火箭到达的高度是先前记录的两倍。
The rocket reached a height that of the previous record.
5.我们对宇宙的认识仅限于我们所能观察到的。
Our knowledge of the universe what we could observe.
6.政府非常重视这次的太空计划。
The government the space programme.
twice as high as
was limited to
attached great importance to
Ⅳ.句子语法填空
1.To tell the truth,everyone thought she was the most suitable woman (take) the job.
2.When you make a decision (buy) something,you must remember that a good name of a product doesn’t necessarily mean good quality of it.
3.Mary hurried to the booking office,only (tell) that the tickets had been sold out.
to take
to buy
to be told
4.Volunteering gives you a chance (change) lives,including your own.
5.This is the only way we can come up with (reduce) the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms.
to change
to reduce
话题延伸·素养升华
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
China’s Yutu 2 Rover (探月车),which was crossing a crater
(环形山) on the far side of the moon,discovered a mysterious,cube-like structure as it scanned the skyline.The unknown structure seemed to be located around 260 feet away from where the Rover crossed.
Our Space,associated with the Chinese National Space Administration which controls Yutu 2,first noted the object in a post;the story gave a nickname to the object “mystery hut”.Yutu 2 has since adjusted course to check out the cube,and will spend the next 2 to 3 lunar days investigating this mysterious moon feature.
The Yutu 2 Rover launched with China’s Chang’e 4 mission in 2018,reached the moon in January 2019.The mission aimed to discover more about the far side of the moon,or as pop culture calls it,the “dark side” of the moon.Contrary to this nickname,the far side of the moon is not actually always dark,it just faces away from Earth.The rover,solar powered,goes into a kind of hibernation (休眠)
when the sun sets on the far side of the moon,and wakes up to work when the sun rises over the crater.
Yutu 2 has seen plenty of interesting moon features in its travels already,including a strange gel (胶状物) that turned out to be some rocks melted together,and some pieces that were likely to be from the impact of a meteor(流星).The Chang’e 4 mission has also brought forth some fascinating new discoveries like what could be pieces of the moon’s mantle (覆盖层).
Whatever this structure turns out to be,Yutu 2 will continue uncovering other secrets the “dark side” of the moon is holding.
语篇导读:本文是新闻报道。文章介绍了中国的“玉兔二号”探月车在月球背面进行的移动探测及其发现。
( )1.What does “mystery hut” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A.Yutu 2 Rover.
B.A cube-like structure.
C.A newly discovered crater.
D.Chinese National Space Administration.
√
答案及剖析:
1.B 猜测短语题。根据画线短语前的the object以及画线短语后的“Yutu 2 has since adjusted course to check out the cube”可知,画线短语指的是第一段中的a mysterious,cube-like structure,故选B。
( )2.Why was Yutu 2 sent onto the moon
A.To research into the dark side of the moon.
B.To explore the use of solar energy on the moon.
C.To take pictures of the sun from the far side of the moon.
D.To measure the distance between Earth and the moon.
√
答案及剖析:
2.A 细节理解题。根据第三段的第二句可知,发送“玉兔二号”探月车的目的是研究月球的背面,故选A。
( )3.What can we learn from the discoveries made by Yutu 2
A.Sunshine cannot reach the far side of the moon.
B.The temperature on the moon is always changing.
C.Many rocky mountains rise on the surface of the moon.
D.The moon may have been crashed into by another object.
√
答案及剖析:
3.D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的第一句可知,“玉兔二号”的发现表明月球可能被另一物体撞击过,故选D。
( )4.In which section of a website may this text appear
A.Health. B.Technology.
C.Politics. D.Economy.
√
答案及剖析:
4.B 推理判断题。通读全文可知,文章主要介绍的是中国的“玉兔二号”探月车在月球背面进行的移动探测及其发现,这属于科技范畴,因此本文最有可能出现在科技板块,故选B。
B
The Shrinking Storm on Jupiter(木星)
It’s snowing,but the clouds are red.The wind howls at 400 miles an hour,faster than a hurricane.And it’s colder than the North Pole.
Named the Great Red Spot,this storm is on Jupiter,the largest planet that goes around the sun.The storm is shrinking.No one knows why—or what it will do next.
Astronomers discovered the Great Red Spot by looking at Jupiter through telescopes.The spot,once estimated to be 2.6×104 km across,was just 1.2×104 km wide when the Hubble Space Telescope last observed it.“It’s at the smallest size that we’ve ever seen,” says Dr Amy Simon,an astronomer who studies the storm.It’s also changing shape,looking more like a circle than its usual oval.
Jupiter differs greatly from Earth.It’s made mostly of hydrogen and helium(氦).However,Jupiter’s great gravity squeezes the hydrogen and helium,turning most of these elements into liquid.Only the outer part of Jupiter is gas.And that’s where the Great Red Spot is.No one knows why the Great Red Spot is red.
Like Jupiter’s air,the spot is made mostly of hydrogen and helium gases.But they have no colour.So something else must colour the spot red.
Mysteries abound about the spot,such as what powers it and why it is so red.Now another one arises.The Great Red Spot has lasted longer than any storm on Earth.On Earth,hurricanes weaken when they move from sea to land,and when they move north or south.Neither of these things happens on Jupiter.Yet the storm is shrinking.“Could it disappear ”asks Dr Simon.“Would I bet money on it one way or the other Probably not.”
语篇导读:本文是说明文。文章介绍了天文学家通过望远镜发现了木星的大红斑,还发现大红斑正变得越来越小,越来越圆。
( )5.What do we learn about the Great Red Spot
A.It is getting smaller and rounder.
B.It is getting colder and faster.
C.It is getting higher and redder.
D.It is getting redder and lighter.
√
答案及剖析:
5.A 细节理解题。根据文章标题、第一段的“The storm is shrinking.”以及第二段的“The spot,once estimated... ‘It’s at the smallest size that we’ve ever seen,’says Dr Amy Simon”可知,大红斑(the Great Red Spot)正变得越来越小;根据第二段的最后一句可知,大红斑变得越来越圆。故选A。
( )6.What can we learn about Jupiter from this article
A.It is bigger than the sun.
B.It has slight gravity.
C.It contains liquid and gas.
D.It usually looks red.
√
答案及剖析:
6.C 细节理解题。根据第三段的“It’s made mostly of... into liquid.”可知,木星主要由氢和氦组成,然而木星的巨大引力挤压了氢和氦,将它们中的大多数变成了液体;再根据第三段的第三句可知,木星外层部分是气体。由此可知,木星上有液体和气体,故选C。
( )7.What does the underlined word “abound” in the last paragraph mean
A.Get solved finally.
B.Go missing abruptly.
C.Exist numerously.
D.Decrease gradually.
√
答案及剖析:
7.C 猜测词义题。画线词所在段中的“what powers it and why it is so red”和another one指的都是谜团(Mysteries),结合语境推测,此处想表达这些谜团有很多,现在又出现了另一个。结合选项可知C项与画线词表达的意思一致,意为“大量存在;有许多”,故选C。
( )8.What is Dr Simon’s attitude towards the disappearance of the Great Red Spot
A.Hopeful. B.Confident.
C.Worried. D.Doubtful.
√
答案及剖析:
8.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知,Simon博士对大红斑是否会消失这件事不敢打赌(bet),也就是并不确定。故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Around 50 Mars missions have been launched globally so far since 1960.Yet more than half of them have 1 to reach the planet about 55 million kilometres away from Earth.So after China’s Mars probe,Tianwen 1,was 2 on 23 July 2020,there was an 3 wait for its progress.
The craft landed 4 on the surface of the planet on 15 May 2021.The news met with both 5 and celebration in the country.
The landing was 6 exactly as planned,which has made China the latest member of the club of the world’s pioneering 7 ,and shows that China has 8 the technologies independently.
It is the can-do spirit that has played a key role in China’s scientific and technological development in recent decades
9 some failures in exploring outer space.
China made its early 10 in rocket and space technologies starting from the 1960s when the country 11 largely a backward agricultural country. 12 ,the country has made the most of what it had over the past more than six decades,making efforts to move ahead in the aerospace cause.
In April 2021,China sent Tianhe into space, 13 a series of launches that finally completed the building of the space station in 2022.
All these achievements have 14 greatly to the peaceful use of outer space.During its Mars mission,China has worked with European 15 and other countries and will help push humankind to travel faster and farther in the future.
语篇导读:本文是说明文。“天问一号”成功着陆火星是中国太空技术发展的巨大飞跃。
( )1.
答案及剖析:
1.B 根据“Around 50 Mars missions have been launched globally so far since 1960.”和Yet可知,超过一半的火星任务未能到达距离地球约5 500万公里的行星。failed to do sth意为“未能做成某事”,符合语境。故选B。
A.begun B.failed
C.attempted D.succeeded
√
( )2.
答案及剖析:
2.C 根据下文“The craft landed 4 on the surface of the planet on 15 May 2021.”和常识可知,此处指“天问一号”的发射(launched)。故选C。
A.transported B.discovered
C.launched D.settled
√
答案及剖析:
3.A 根据上文可知,火星任务失败率很高,因此在“天问一号”发射之后,所有人都在焦急(anxious)等待它的进展情况。故选A。
( )3.
A.anxious B.aware
C.awkward D.amazing
√
答案及剖析:
4.B 根据“The news met with both 5 and celebration in the country.”可知,飞行器安全(safely)着陆在火星表面,举国欢庆。故选B。
( )4.
A.suddenly B.safely
C.calmly D.obviously
√
答案及剖析:
5.D 根据“The craft landed 4 on the surface of the planet”可知,飞行器安全着陆火星的消息令人宽慰(relief)。故选D。
( )5.
A.protest B.regret
C.pity D.relief
√
答案及剖析:
6.C 根据as planned可知,飞行器的着陆是按计划实施(carried out)的。故选C。
( )6.
A.carried away B.carried off
C.carried out D.carried on
√
答案及剖析:
7.A 根据下一段的in exploring outer space可知,飞行器安全地着陆在火星表面是一次太空探索,中国已然跻身于世界先锋探索者(explorers)行列。故选A。
( )7.
A.explorers B.applicants
C.officials D.editors
√
答案及剖析:
8.C 根据the technologies independently可知,此次火星着陆证明中国已经自主研发(developed)出了此类技术。故选C。
( )8.
A.borrowed B.selected
C.developed D.removed
√
( )9.
A.without B.beyond
C.except D.despite
答案及剖析:
9.D 根据some failures in exploring outer space可知,空后与主句之间有让步关系,尽管(despite)太空探索曾遇到失败,但是敢做能为的精神还是在科技发展过程中发挥了重大作用。故选D。
√
答案及剖析:
10.D 根据in rocket and space technologies starting from the 1960s可知,中国在火箭和太空技术方面取得了早期的突破(breakthroughs)。故选D。
( )10.
A.promises B.impacts
C.inventions D.breakthroughs
√
答案及剖析:
11.B 根据from the 1960s when和largely a backward agricultural country并结合常识可知,当时中国在很大程度上仍是(remained)一个落后的农业国家。故选B。
( )11.
A.became B.remained
C.ended D.started
√
答案及剖析:
12.D 根据“the country has made the most of what it had...move ahead in the aerospace cause”与上文的largely a backward agricultural country可知,前后为转折关系。故选D。
( )12.
A.Thus B.Therefore
C.Furthermore D.However
√
( )13.
A.starting off B.cutting off
C.getting off D.putting off
√
答案及剖析:
13.A 根据“China sent Tianhe into space”和下文a series of launches可知,随着天和核心舱进入太空,中国开始了(starting off)一系列建设太空站的发射任务。故选A。
答案及剖析:
14.B 根据greatly to the peaceful use of outer space可知,中国的所有这些成就极大地促进了(contributed)外太空的和平使用。故选B。
( )14.
A.appealed B.contributed
C.responded D.belonged
√
答案及剖析:
15.C 根据“and other countries and will help push humankind to travel faster and farther in the future”可知,在火星任务实施期间,中国已经和其他国家一起合作来探索太空。故选C。
( )15.
A.neighbours B.friends
C.partners D.classmates
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Ⅲ.写作训练
你校英文报正在组织题为“My Understanding of Space Exploration”的征文活动。请你用英语写一篇短文投稿,内容包括:
1.太空探索的重要性;
2.你的理由;
3.举例说明。
注意:写作词数应为80个左右。
My Understanding of Space Exploration
[写作指导]
One possible version:
My Understanding of Space Exploration
In my opinion,space exploration is crucial for the progress and development of mankind.The reasons are as follows.
First of all,people can attain new knowledge of outer space through their exploration.Secondly,human beings could get access to new resources,thus solving energy shortage problems on Earth.Thirdly,this exploration could possibly bring about new living space for human life in the near future.
We often benefit from space exploration.For example,space exploration has given us communications satellites,which enable us to stay connected globally.Overall,space exploration is essential for our future and should continue to be a priority.
谢 谢 观 看