(共30张PPT)
Unit 2 I'll help clean up the city parks.
Section A
Grammar Focus-4c公开课
一、语言能力
能够在多个语篇创设的情境中正确使用动词不定式和短语动词，理解和
表达他人与自己热心公益和志愿服务的意愿和经历。
二、学习能力
能在学习活动中积极与他人合作，共同完成学习任务；能在学习过程中
积极思考，主动探究，发现并尝试使用多种策略解决语言学习中的问题，
积极进行拓展性运用。
三、思维品质
能够在老师的引导下，通过观察、讨论、归纳等课堂活动，探究动词短
语和动词不定式的语言规律，提高思维的逻辑性和深刻性，加强语言表
达的准确性
四、文化意识
能够了解国外的同龄人所参与的志愿服务活动，从而懂得关爱他人、服
务社会的价值和意义，热心公益。
赠人玫瑰，手有余香
Free talk
If we are volunteers,
we’d like to
we hope to
we could
we volunteer to
we want to
we plan to
visit the sick kids in the hospital and cheer them up.
help to clean up the street.
help children with their homework.
help the old people cross road.
give our old books to “Hope School”.
help the traffic police.
Who are they
Try to find out the rules.
你知道上面划线部分是什么结构吗？
一起来试试吧！
I’d like to help homeless people. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job.
She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read. I’m making some signs to put up around the school.
I’d like to do
ask sb. to do
volunteer…to do
learn to do
decide to do
help sb. to do
make…to do
let sb. do
help sb. do
Try to find out the rules.
考点1
动词不定式
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时to可省略。它没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语。其否定形式为“not to+动词原形”。
语法概述
你知道什么是动词不定式吗？
一起来看看吧！
Try to find out the rules.
动词不定式的用法
你知道动词不定式怎么用吗？
一起来学习吧！
常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：
想要 拒绝 忘记 (want, refuse, forget)
需要 努力 学习 (need, try, learn）
选择 同意 帮助 (choose, agree, help）
希望 决定 开始 (hope/wish/expect, decide, begin/start）
Lily wants to find a job as an English teacher in Beijing.
He decided to help the homeless.
动词不定式作宾语
Try to find out the rules.
动词不定式的用法
你知道动词不定式怎么用吗？
一起来学习吧！
常接动词不定式作宾补的动词有：
ask, tell, want, teach, wish, help, warn, invite, encourage 等。
Sam asked me to help him.
The teacher always tells us not to swim in the river.
动词不定式作宾语补足语
Try to find out the rules.
动词不定式的用法
你知道动词不定式怎么用吗？
一起来学习吧！
动词不定式作目的状语，可以放在句首，用逗号与后面的内容隔开，也可以放在句尾。
To get there on time, they started early.
动词不定式作目的状语
动词不定式作主语时，通常表示一个具体的、特定的行为，其谓语动词用单数形式。
To know oneself is difficult. 人能自知，实属不易。
动词不定式作主语
Try to find out the rules.
动词不定式的用法
你知道动词不定式怎么用吗？
一起来学习吧！
动词不定式作定语时通常要放在所修饰词之后。
My duty is to look after the animals.
Who was the first one to arrive
动词不定式作表语
动词不定式作定语
Grammar
用法
I’d like to help homeless people, but I don’t know what to do and how to help them.
动词不定式也可以和what, which, where, when等连用，在句中可作主语、表语和宾语。
Grammar
用法
I could ask hospitals to let me visit the kids and cheer them up.
动词help及一些役使动词后面常省略to。
Try to find out the rules.
No smoking here.
You must stop smoking.
He stops to smoke a cigarette.
某些动词后接动词不定式或动词的 ing形式作宾语，意思差别较大。
此外还有
try to do & try doing
remember to do &remember doing
forget to do & forget doing
go on to do & go on doing
小结动词不定式的用法
would like to do sth，decide to do sth
ask sb to do sth请求某人干某事
let sb do sth让某人干某事
help sb (to) do sth帮助某人干某事
to可省可不省
1.动词不定式作宾语
接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：
want/would like想要, refuse拒绝, forget忘记
need需要, try努力, learn学习
choose选择 , agree同意, help帮助
hope/wish/expect希望, decide决定 , begin/start开始
口诀：想要拒绝忘记
需要努力学习
选择同意帮助
希望决定开始
2.动词不定式作宾补
接动词不定式作宾补动词有：
ask/tell/teach/help sb to do sth
叫/告诉/教/帮助某人做某事
want/wish/warn/invite sb to do sth
想/希望/警告/要求某人做某事
注意：三让 let, make, have sb do
省去to做宾补
3.动词不定式作目的状语：可放句首，用逗号隔开，也可以放句尾
4.动词不定式做形式主语，句首通常用it代替，句式：
It is +名词 + to do sth.
如：It is time to do sth.该是做某事的时候了
It takes sb. +some time + to do sth.做某事花某人时间
It is+形容词easy/important/difficult/right/wrong...+for/of sb+to
do sth.做某事对某人来说....怎么样
疑问词 how/what/when/where/which+动词不定式
应该如何做/何时做/何地做/做哪些事…
4
小试牛刀
1.I always tell my students_on the road because it’s really dangerous.
A. not to play B. to play not C. not playing D. not play
2. –I will go to Harbin for my summer vacation. What about you
--I haven’t decided where ____.
A. go B. went C. going D. to go
3. – I didn’t hear you come in just now.
-- That’s good. We tried ___ any noise,
A. not make B. not to make C. to make D. making
4. Lucy is shy. She would not invite her classmates__ dancing with her.
A. practice B. practices C. practicing D. to practice
根据提示完成下列句子。
1. I want _________ (become) a policeman one day.
2. He wants the students _____ (eat) well.
3. The teacher made his students _____(come) into the meeting room on time.
4. The boy was free _____ (go) where he liked.
5. Nobody tells him what _____ (do) next.
to become
to eat
come
to go
to do
Try to find out the rules.
你知道上面这些是什么短语吗？他们有什么用法呢？
一起来学习短语动词吧！
I’d like to help homeless people. She decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program.
You could ask hospitals to let you visit the kids and cheer them up. Mario believes it can help him to get his future dream job.
She volunteers there once a week to help kids learn to read. I’m making some signs to put up around the school.
Try to find out the rules.
考点2
短语动词
什么是短语动词？
一起来看看吧！
短语动词是由动词加介词、副词或其他词构成的固定词组或习语（idioms），其作用和动词差不多。有些短语动词相当于及物动词，有些则相当于不及物动词。
语法概述
Try to find out the rules.
常见短语动词的类型和用法
短语动词有什么组合呢？
一起来看看吧！
相当于及物动词，后面必须有宾语，且宾语只能位于介词之后。
look after 照顾 look at看 care for 非常喜欢；照顾
think about 考虑 agree with 同意 wait for 等待
I agree with what you said.
He cared for her more than she realized.
动词+介词
Try to find out the rules.
常见短语动词的类型和用法
短语动词有什么组合呢？
一起来看看吧！
动词+副词
①可看作及物动词，名词作宾语时，可位于动词与副词之间或副词之后；代词作宾语时；只能位于动词与副词之间。
②有的也可看作不及物动词。
cheer up 振奋起来
clean up 打扫干净
give up 放弃
put off 推迟
take away 拿走
fix up 修理
turn down 调低；拒绝
This is a new word. You’d better look it up in the dictionary.
It’s too noisy. Please turn down the TV. =It’s too noisy. Please turn the TV down.
Try to find out the rules.
常见短语动词的类型和用法
短语动词有什么组合呢？
一起来看看吧！
相当于及物动词， 宾语位于介词之后。
catch up with 赶上 come up with 想出
look forward to 期望 run out of 用完，耗尽
He worked hard to catch up with his classmates.
I’m looking forward to the weekend.
动词+副词+介词
Try to find out the rules.
常见短语动词的类型和用法
短语动词有什么组合呢？
一起来看看吧！
相当于及物动词，名词前可加形容词说明程度，宾语位于介词之后。
make fun of 取笑 make use of 利用 pay attention to 注意
take care of 照顾 make friends with 与……交往
It’s impolite to make fun of your classmate.
We could make better use of our resources.
动词+名词+介词
put up
hand out
call up
cheer up
fix up
write down
give out
put off ...
What do they have in common
它们有哪些相同之处
由“动词+副词”构成的短语动词:
1.其后可接名词、动词-ing形式作宾语。
eg. We can’t put off making a plan.
2.动副短语，代词置中间。
eg. write them down cheer him up...
I bought a nice picture and _______ on the wall.
1. put up it 2. put it up
3. put up them 4. put them up
2
4a
Fill in the blanks with the phrasal verbs in the box.
1. I want to ____________ my plan to work in
an animal hospital until next summer. I’m too busy with
my studies this year.
2. She hopes to _______ at least five primary
schools to ask if they need volunteers for their
after-school programs.
3. Our class is trying to ______________ some ideas to _________ sick children because they are often sad.
4. We decided to ________ signs around the school and ________ notices to tell students about the book sale. We will ________ the money from the sale to homeless people.
put up
hand out
call up
cheer up
come up with
give out
put off
put off
call up
come up with
cheer up
put up
hand out
give out
1.be busy with sth忙于某事
be busy doing sth忙于做某事
2.给至少5所小学打电话
3.try to come up with some ideas 努力提出一些主意
4.我们将从义卖中把钱分发给无家可归的人。
4b
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the verbs in the box.
help move do make visit spend
Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs _______ lots of money. In their free time, they think about what _____ for fun. However, few people think about what they can do ______ others. There are many people who are less lucky than us.
be worried about 为……担心
to make
in one’s free time 在某人的空闲时间
to do
to help
help move do make visit spend
Volunteering our time to help these people is a good way _______ our free time. For example, we can make plans _______ sick children in the hospital or raise money for homeless people. Some people even stop doing their jobs for a few months to a year _______ to another place, like one of the countries in Africa, and help people there.
to spend
to do
为……筹款
to move
Summary
短语动词
类型及用法
相当于及物动词，宾语位于介词后
相当于及物动词，名词前可加形容词，宾语位于介词后
相当于及物动词，后面必须有宾语(须位于介词后)
可看作及物动词，名词可位于之间或之后，代词只能位于中间
有的也可看作不及物动词
动词+介词
动词+副词
动词+副词+介词
动词+名词+介词
Summary
动词不定式
want, refuse, forget; need, try, learn; choose, agree, help; hope/wish/expect, decide, begin/start
形式：to+动词原形(to有时省略)，否定：not to+动词原形
没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语
概述
用法
作宾语
谓语动词用单数
ask, tell, want, teach, wish, help, warn, invite, encourage
作宾补
作目的状语
作定语
作表语
作主语
可放句首，一般用逗号隔开，也可放句尾
通常放在所修饰词之后
Thank you for listening
