牛津译林版（2019）选择性必修第二册Unit 4 Living with Technology Word Study学案（含答案）

高中英语学科教学案(新授课)
XB2 Unit 4 Word & sentence study
一、教学目标
By the end of this section, students will be able to:
1. master the basic usages of some key words and phrases;
2. use these words and phrases properly in reading and writing;
3. cultivate their learning methods of words and phrases;
4. have interest and confidence in vocabulary and even a foreign culture.
二、教学过程：
Step 1 Lead-in
Introduce the topic of this unit and the related vocabulary.
Step 2 Word study
Part Ⅰ 核心单词详解
to name but a few 略举几例
【教材原句】　Nowadays, AI is already being applied in many fields: finance, health care, machine translation and art, to name but a few. 如今, 人工智能已经应用于许多领域, 如金融、医疗保健、机器翻译和艺术等, 不一而足。
【用法】
to name a few 举几个例子
for example 比如；举例而言
for instance 例如
take sth for example 以……为例
give an example 举例
【佳句】　Activities available include table tennis, basketball and swimming, to name but a few.
可以参加的活动包括乒乓球、篮球和游泳, 略举几例。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Since that time, we have seen nylon used in the production of tires, sweaters, shoes, and carpets, 　　　　　　　　　___________________________(name) but a few.
②The advertising industry, 　　　　　　example, often makes use of it.
③We all know how difficult it can be, 　　　　　　instance, to ask the boss for a raise.
【写美】　完成句子
④Bees, bats and rodents, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, can see what humans can’t. 略举几例, 蜜蜂、蝙蝠和啮齿动物等, 它们可以看到人类所看不到的。
urge vt.敦促, 催促；大力推荐, 竭力主张；驱赶, 鞭策 n.冲动, 强烈的欲望
【教材原句】As we become more and more dependent on computers, some scientists are urging us to think about the dangers posed by the advances in AI. 随着我们变得越来越依赖于电脑, 一些科学家正敦促我们思考人工智能发展带来的危险。
【用法】
(1)urge sb to do sth/into doing sth力劝/敦促某人做某事
urge that sb (should) do ... 竭力主张某人做……
(2)have an urge to do sth 有做某事的欲望/冲动
(3)urgency n. 紧急；紧急情况
urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的
urgently adv. 紧急地
【用准】urge后接宾语从句时, 宾语从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气, 即“(should＋)动词原形”。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The vacation is coming and I have an urge 　　　　　　　　(travel).
②His going to stay in hospital for three months urged me 　　　　　　　　(visit) him immediately.
③The public is 　　　　　　(urgent) requested to assist police in tracing this man.
④I make an 　　　　　　(urge) appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation.
【写美】　完成句子
⑤Father urged that I 　　　　　　to my English teacher. 父亲竭力主张我应向我的英语老师道歉。
pose vt.造成, 产生；提问, 质询vi.摆好姿势；佯装, 冒充, 假扮 n.姿势
【用法】
(1)pose a threat/challenge/danger/risk造成威胁/挑战/危险/风险
pose a question 提出问题
pose for ... 为(画像、摄影等)摆好姿势
pose as sb 佯装/冒充/假扮某人
(2)in a natural relaxed pose自然放松的姿势
just a pose 只是装腔作势
be well posed 摆好了位置
strike a noble pose 　摆出一副高贵的样子
【练透】　写出加黑单词的词性和词义/单句语法填空
①A developing and progressing China does not pose a threat to anyone. 　　　　　
②Please allow me to pose a question before class. 　　　　　
③Make a good pose and I will take a photo for you. 　　　　　
④Please sit still while you are posing 　　　　　　your photo.
⑤Some criminals would pose 　　　　　one of your friends and cheat you out of your money.
【写美】　完成句子
⑥This 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and the food chain.
这会对农业和食物链造成威胁。
warning n.警告, 先兆；警戒
【教材原句】Apparently, such warnings demand our attention.
显然, 这样的警告需要得到我们的重视。
【用法】
(1)a warning against ...　警告不要做……
give sb (advance/adequate) warning of sth就某事向某人发出 (预先的/足够的)警告
without (any) warning 毫无预兆
(2)warn vt. 警告, 提醒；通知
warn sb to do sth 警告某人做某事
warn sb of sth提醒某人(可能发生的事)；警告某人某事
warn sb about/against sb/sth 警告某人提防某人/某事
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Let me give you a word of 　 　　(warn).
②He has been warned 　　　　　　the danger of driving after wine.
③They were warned not 　　　　　　　　(climb) the mountain in such bad weather.
④Children must 　　　　　　　　(warn) to stay away from main roads.
【写美】　一句多译
⑤医生警告病人不要再吸烟。
→The doctor 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　any longer.
→The doctor 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　any longer.
demand vt.需要；强烈要求 n.要求, 所需之物；需求, 需要
【用法】
(1)demand to do sth　　要求做某事
demand that ... (should) do sth 要求……做某事
sth demand(s) doing/to be done 某事需要……
(2)be in (great) demand (迫切)需求
meet/satisfy one’s demands满足某人的需求
(3)demanding adj. 要求高的, 需要高技能(或耐性等)的；费力的
【佳句】　The letter demands answering at once.＝The letter demands to be answered at once.需要立刻回复这封信。
【用准】　demand后通常不接双宾语, 表示“向某人要某物”不能用demand sb sth, 要用demand sth of sb。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①As new members are 　　　　　　demand in our basketball club, I’m writing to invite you to join it.
②My father came down and demanded 　　　　　　　　(know) what was going on.
③Get the technology that has proven to help the most 　　　　　　　　　(demand) customers.
④People there demanded that the injured 　　　　　　　　　　　　(send) to the hospital at once.
【写美】　完成句子
⑤The teacher demands that 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　on time. 这位老师要求学生们准时到校。
recognition n.识别, 认出；承认, 认可；赞誉, 赏识
【教材原句】Facial recognition technology, with its capacity to analyse a huge amount of data, has come into widespread use.人脸识别技术以其对大量数据进行分析的能力, 得到了广泛的应用。
【用法】
(1)beyond recognition　认不出来, 识别不出
(2)recognize v. 认出, 辨别出；承认；接受, 认可；赞赏
recognize sb/sth as/to be ... 承认某人/某物是……
be recognized as ... 被公认为……
recognize that ... 承认……
It is recognized that ...　人们认为……
(3)recognizable adj.容易认出的；易于识别的
【佳句】With the development of its economy, the small town has changed beyond recognition in the last few years.随着经济的发展, 这个小镇在过去的几年里发生了翻天覆地的变化。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①　　　　　　 is widely recognized that drug-abuse will cause a huge loss of both life and wealth.
②Lincoln is generally recognized 　　　　　one of the greatest presidents in American history.
③This tree is easily 　　　　　　(recognize) by its extremely beautiful silvery bark.
④I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl, and she has changed beyond 　　　　　(recognize).
【写美】　完成句子
⑤I have to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.我不得不承认我的工作中有缺点。
alternative n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的；非传统的
【教材原句】　It offers a quick and cool alternative to traditional passwords, and you cannot forget your own face！它为传统密码提供了一个快捷而且酷的替代品, 并且你不能忘记自己的脸！
【用法】
(1)an alternative to (doing) sth ……的替代品；(做)……的另一种选择
have no alternative but to do sth别无选择只好做某事
have the alternative of doing sth 有做某事的选择
(2)alternatively adv. 可供选择地；要不, 或者
【佳句】　Solar energy is an alternative to petrol. Moreover, we can take the bus or alternatively go to work by bike. 用太阳能代替汽油。而且, 我们可以乘公共汽车或骑自行车去上班。
【用准】“别无选择只好做某事”的其他表达形式还有have no choice but to do sth、 can’t choose ...but do sth、 can’t do sth but to do sth。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Natural gas is another abundant fuel that experts consider an alternative 　　　　　　gasoline.
②We could go to the Indian restaurant, or 　　　　　　(alternative), we could try that new Italian place.
③The Internet also provides us with a cheap alternative to 　　　　　(communicate)with others.
【写美】　同义句转换
④Failure is the mother of success. Sometimes, in order to succeed, we have no choice but to face failure bravely and learn from it.
→Failure is the mother of success. Sometimes, in order to succeed, we 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　face failure bravely and learn from it.
break into强行闯入, 撬开；突然开始(笑、唱等)；顺利打入
【教材原句】　Moreover, there is growing concern that we might fall victim to this technology, as there are cases in which hackers have broken into facial recognition systems by using people’s social media photos to build models of their faces.而且, 我们越来越担心自己可能会成为这一技术的受害者, 因为已有黑客利用人们社交媒体上的照片来制作脸部模型以侵入脸部识别系统的案例发生。
【用法】
break into tears/laughter　突然大哭/大笑起来
break in 打断；闯入
break out 爆发；突发
break down 出故障；垮掉；分解
break up 分手；破碎；解散；(学校或学生)放假
break off 停顿；中断
【用准】　break in是不及物动词短语, 后不跟宾语, 不用于被动语态；break into是及物动词短语, 后要接宾语, 可用于被动语态。
【练透】　用break短语的适当形式填空
①His bike 　　　　　　　　on his way to school, so he was late for class.
②To our great surprise, he 　　　　　　　　speaking to answer the phone.
③We were having a meeting when suddenly Tom 　　　　　　　　and said something urgent.
【写美】　完成句子
④A neighbour asked for the music to be turned down and 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 一位邻居要求调小音乐, 聚会便散了。
decrease vt.& vi.减少，降低 n.减少，降低
【教材原句】　This could not only save time， but also greatly decrease road traffic.
这样不仅可以节省时间，而且可以大大减少道路交通。
【用法】
(1)decrease from ... to ...从……减少到……
decrease to ...　　　减少到……
decrease by ... 减少了……
decrease in ... 在……方面减少
(2)on the decrease 在减少中
【佳句】　The production of wheat decreased by 15％ as a result of the dry weather in that region. 由于该地区的干旱天气，小麦的产量下降了15％。
【用准】　decrease的近义词为reduce，反义词为increase，rise (增加)。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①This species of bird is _____________________　the decrease in numbers every year.
②Compared to last year， the price of corn has decreased _____________________15％.
③We have no idea when the housing prices will decrease _____________________ the level we can afford.
【写美】　完成句子
④The number of new students ______________________this year.
今年新生人数从3000人减少到2600人。
deny vt.否认，否定；拒绝承认，拒绝接受
【教材原句】　There can be no denying that the technology will have a huge impact on everyday life. 无可否认，这种技术将对日常生活产生重大影响。
【用法】
deny doing sth　　　　　 　否认做某事
deny a claim/a charge/an accusation 否认某种说法/指控/指责
deny sb sth＝deny sth to sb 拒绝给予某人某物
deny that ... 否认……
It can’t be denied that ... 不可否认……
There is no denying that ... 不可否认的是……
【佳句】 There is no denying that protecting the environment is of great importance. 不可否认，环境保护十分重要。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①He denied _________________(break) into the manager’s office during the lunch break.
②There’s no________________________(deny) that it is better than the old one.
③Those who deny freedom ______________________others deserve it not for themselves.
【写美】　完成句子
④　_____________________________that China is playing an increasingly important part in the world.
无可否认，中国在世界上扮演着越来越重要的角色。
quantity n.数量；大量
【教材原句】　When passenger drones are flying above our cities in large quantities， the sky will be getting more and more crowded. 当大量无人机在我们的城市上空飞行时，天空将变得越来越拥挤。
【用法】
　　大量的
in large quantities 大量，大批
【佳句】　I know you once participated in the Robotics Competition and won the award, so you must have accumulated a large quantity of/large quantities of experience.
我知道你曾经参加过机器人大赛并获奖，所以你一定积累了大量经验。
【用准】　(1)a quantity of/quantities of后面既可以接可数名词也可以接不可数名词。
(2)“a quantity of＋名词”和“quantities of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词与quantity保持数的一致。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Large _____________________(quantity) of water have been cleaned so far.
②A large quantity of tents ________________(send) to earthquake-stricken areas from Shandong yesterday.
③This medicine will be produced _________________ quantity next year.
【写美】　一句多译
④他在教育孩子方面花了许多钱。
→A quantity of money _____________________________ in bringing up his children.
→Quantities of money ______________________________in bringing up his children.
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：while引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】　While AI enthusiasts promise us a bright future where intelligent robots will be working to our advantage, these undoubted benefits also bring concerns and fears.
人工智能的热烈支持者向我们承诺未来会是美好的, 到那时智能机器人将为人类谋利；但这些毋庸置疑的好处也带来了忧虑和恐惧。
【用法】
(1)while引导让步状语从句, 多位于句首, 意为“尽管, 虽然”。
(2)while引导时间状语从句, 从句谓语动词必须用延续性动词, 意为“在……期间”。
(3)while引导条件状语从句, 意为“只要”。
(4)while用作并列连词, 连接两个并列分句, 表示对比或转折, 意为“而, 然而”。
【写美】　完成句子
①We must strike 　　　　　　　　　　　. 我们必须趁热打铁。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　，he is very strict with them. 虽然他爱他的学生, 可是他对他们很严格。
③Some people waste food 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. 有些人浪费食物, 而有些人没有足够的食物。
Step 3 Practice
重点单词变形
1．finance n．财政，金融；资金；财力，财务管理 vt.提供资金→ adj.金融的；财政的，财务的
2．threaten vt.危及，对……构成威胁；威胁，恐吓→ n．威胁，恐吓
3．crime n．罪，罪行；犯罪活动→ n．罪犯
4．urge vt.敦促，催促；大力推荐，竭力主张；驱赶，鞭策 n．冲动，强烈的欲望→ adj.紧急的；急迫的
5．demand vt.需要；强烈要求 n．要求，所需之物；需求，需要→ adj.(工作)要求高的，费力的；(人)苛求的
6．greedy adj.贪心的，贪婪的→ n．贪婪，贪心
7．recognition n．识别，认出；承认，认可；赞誉，赏识→ vt.认出，识别；承认
8．distribution n．分发，分送；分配，分布→ vt.分配；散布；分开；把……分类
9．predict vt.预言，预告→ n．预报；预言
10．conclude vt.& vi.断定，推断出；达成，订立；(使)结束，终止→ n．结论；结局；推论
11．justified adj.合乎情理的，事出有因的；有正当理由的→ vt.证明……正当；替……辩护
12．engage vt.& vi.吸引住(注意力、兴趣等)；雇佣，聘用；与……建立密切关系→ n．婚约；约会；诺言
13．optimistic adj.乐观的，抱乐观看法的→ n．乐观；乐观主义
14．globe n．球体，球状物；地球仪；地球，世界→ adj.全球的；总体的；球形的
15．envy n．& vt.羡慕，忌妒→ adj.羡慕的；嫉妒的
用单词的适当形式完成句子
They are making further efforts ________ (decrease) military spending.
After 25 years the town centre had changed beyond ________(recognize).
I received this medal in ________ (recognize) of my sports skills.
________ (bury) under the ruins, the young man was rather ________(frighten).
She gave her children a ________ (warn) not to bite their nails.
There is no doubt that smoking ________ (threat) our health.
China’s economy plays an important role in the ________(globe) economy.
My husband’s talking with full food in his mouth ______ me. (annoy)
It is_______ (legal) for anyone to drive a car without a license.
We tried many times and eventually solved the problem in a __________ (practice) way.
The manager promised that they would try to meet their customers’________(demand).
The driver managed to escape from the vehicle and shouted a ________ (warn).
Though __________(urge) to go to bed many times, the little boy just turned a deaf ear and fixed his eyes on the cartoons.
________ (bury) his face in his hands, he tried to control his weeping.
The government is making efforts to avoid the unbalanced ________(distribute) of resources between rural and urban schools.
We have naval ________ (superior) .
The professor in his lecture went beyond the academic ________ (capable) of those attending his lecture.
The thief had himself spotted by the police when he was trying to break ________the hotel.
Leave him alone.________(apparent), he is not in the mood for joking.
We all urged him ___________(go) ahead with his plan.
The death toll was ___________ (initial) reported at around 250.
The term “mental illness” is difficult to _________ (definition).
He has the upbeat manner of an eternal __________ (optimistic) .
The ________(define) of the digital TV pictures is excellent.
Facing the practical situation, I considered various ________(alternative)．
He was still very modest though he was recognized________ the best student in our class.
If your products are not ________ demand, why should you produce so many
There ____ (be) a large quantity of singles who attended Shanghai’s largest matchmaking event last weekend.
This poses ______threat to agriculture and the food chain,and consequently to human health.