(共48张PPT)
Module 9 Population
外研·八年级上册
Unit 3 Language in use
Language practice
That’s a huge number.
The small local school in Parkville closed down five years ago, and getting to the nearest school in Arnwick takes her an hour by bus.
It said the world’s population was about 7.8 billion in 2020.
Parkville was near Arnwick, a city with a population of 10, 000, 000.
冠词和数词基数词的用法
1.冠词
(1)不用冠词的情况
①在专有名词或不可数名词前。
China is my home town.
②名词前有指示代词、物主代词或不定代词
作定语。
There are many apples in the basket.
③在一日三餐、球类运动、棋类运动、
学科及季节、日期的名词前。
play volleyball 打排球
learn English 学英语
have dinner 吃晚饭
④在某些固定短语中。
at night 在晚上
(2)不定冠词 a/an
① a 用在读音以辅音音素开头的名词前；
an 用在读音以元音音素开头的名词前。
a boy 一个男孩 an apple 一个苹果
②用于可数名词单数前，表示“一个”相当于one。
This is an apple.
③用在可数的、单数形式的普通名词前，表示价
格、速度、时间、频率等度量上的“每一”。
I watch TV once a week.
④首次提到某人或某物，不定冠词起介绍作用。
A girl wants to ask for some help.
⑤用在序数词前表示“又一、再一”的意思。
I want to have a second one.
⑥用于固定短语中。
have a good time
(3)定冠词 the
①用于谈话双方都清楚的名词前，表示特指。
I had to go to the shop at that time.
②用于再次被提到的名词前。
I have a cat. The cat is black.
③特指某人或某物。
The boy with short hair is my cousin.
④用于形容词最高级或序数词前。
the first boy
⑤用于世界上独一无二的事物或乐器名词前。
the sun play the piano
[注意] 在某些词组中，名词前用冠词和不用冠词的意义有所不同。
in class 在课堂上
in the class 在班里
in hospital 生病住院
in the hospital 在医院里
in front of 在……（外部）的前面
in the front of 在……（内部）的前面
2.数词基数词
(1)基数词从 1-12，写法都不同。
one, eleven
(2) 13-19 都是以后缀 -teen 结尾。
thirteen
(3)十位数和个位数之间添加连字符。
21 twenty-one
(4)百位数与十位数之间要用 and 。
101 one hundred and one
(5)千位数以上的数，从数字的右端向左端数
起，每三位数加一个“,”。 从右开始，第一个
“,”前的数字后添加 thousand ，第二个“,”
前的数字后添加 million ，第三个“,”前的数字
后添加 billion。然后一节一节分别表示，两个
逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。
2 , 427 , 155 , 256 读作:
two billon, four hundred and twenty-seven million, one hundred and fifty-five
thousand, two hundred and fifty-six
1 China a) 5,084,000
2 the US b) 25,690,000
3 Australia c) 331,698,000
4 New Zealand d) 1,411,780,000
1
Work in pairs. Match the countries with their populations in 2020.
2
Read your answers to Activity 1 to the whole class.
China has a population of…
Now listen and check.
1. China has a population of one billion, four hundred and eleven million, seven hundred and eighty
thousand. 2. The US has the population of three hundred and thirty-one million, six hundred and ninety-eight
thousand.
Tapescript
3. Australia has a population of twenty-five million,
six hundred and ninety thousand. 4. New Zealand has a population of five million and
eighty-four thousand.
When you see a table or a chart, look carefully at the labels and graphs to make sure that you understand what they are showing. Look at the chart below. What is it comparing What can you conclude
Learning to learn
3
Read the chart and answer the questions.
Dhaka
Mumbai
Cairo
Mexico City
Population
(million)
19.5
28
19.9
24.5
20
25.5
21.5
24.1
1 Which city had the largest population in 2018
2 Which city’s population will increase the most
from 2018 to 2030
Mexico City had the largest population in 2018.
Dhaka’s population will increase the most
from 2018 to 2030.
3 Which city will have a larger increase in its
population, Mumbai or Cairo
Cairo will have a larger increase in its population.
4 Which city / cities do you think will have
the biggest population problem Why
I think Dhaka will have the biggest population problem because its population will increase the fastest.
4
Complete the passage with a, an or the where necessary.
Mina is (1) ____eighteen-year-old girl. She has got (2) ____ brother and (3) _____ sister. Mina is (4) ___ oldest child in (5) ____ family.
a
an
a
the
the
She lives in (6) ____ very big city. She has (7) ______ job in (8) _____ hotel. She hopes that one day she will have (9) _____ chance to go to (10) _____ college.
a
a
a
a
/
5
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the words in the box.
few good much small
1 We believe the schools in Arnwick are
very good, and we are working to make
them even _______.
better
2 Their flat is too large for two people. They
want to find a _______ one.
3 Anna always talks about her ideas. I think she
needs to listen _______.
4 There are a lot of parks in this city. I think
there are _______ parks in a lot of other cities.
few good much small
smaller
more
fewer
6
Complete the diagram. Use the words in the box to help you.
air city flat public
service school traffic
Problems
Reasons
Solutions
From Parkville to Arnwick: problems and solutions
People from Parkville
live in ____________
__________________.
It _____________ to go to school by bus.
__________________
__________________
__________________.
____________________
____________________.
____________________
____________________.
____________________
____________________
____________________.
____________________
____________________.
The government is making a great effort to ____________________
____________________.
____________________
____________________.
____________________
____________________
____________________.
flats outside
Arnwick’s centre
takes an hour
The traffic is always
bad and the air pollution
It was expensive to
live in the city centre
The population of
Arnwick became larger
The small local school
in Parkville closed
down five years ago
solve Arnwick’s problems
with better public services
There will be more schools and local hospitals
The government is reducing air pollution from traffic
is also a problem
There is too much
traffic on the roads
7
Complete the passage with the
words in the box.
countryside pollution
population space traffic
Our world is facing many problems. Two of the biggest are increasing population and pollution.
The (1) ___________ of the world is increasing quickly. Many people are leaving the (2) __________ to work in the cities, but there is not enough (3) ______ for so many people.
population
countryside
space
Another huge problem for the world is
(4) __________. There is so much (5) ________
on the roads that in some cities the air is heavily polluted. We should work harder to protect our world.
pollution
traffic
8
Complete the sentences with the expressions in the box.
all over the world closed down
in the future it takes not… any more
1 Growing population is a problem
________________________.
all over the world
2 The population of the world may grow more
slowly .
3 The supermarket when a
bigger one opened in the town.
4 Usually an hour to get there by bus.
5 The town had a lot of population in the past
but it is a problem .
it takes
not any more
in the future
closed down
It is cheaper to share a car than to have a
personal car.
b) People in a car club do not often take
buses, trains or the underground.
c) There are no car clubs in the US.
d) Joining car clubs is good for you and for
the city.
9
Listen and choose the best summary.
10
Listen again and choose the correct answer.
1 Joining a car club is cheaper / more expensive
than having a personal car.
2 People in car clubs pay for / do not pay for a
car when they drive.
3 People in car clubs sometimes / never take a
bus or ride a bike.
4 People in car clubs probably are / are not
healthier.
Tapescript
Joining car clubs is a good way to get around in cities. There are many car clubs in the US. You can use a car when you want to, and it’s cheaper than having a personal car.
You only pay for the car when you drive it. You don’t always use the car because sometimes you can take a bus, or walk or ride a bike. This is healthier for the city, as there will be fewer cars on the road. It is also healthier for you.
Do you think car clubs would be popular in China Why / Why not
In my opinion, car clubs…
11
Work in pairs and discuss this question.
World population and water
With more and more people in the world, more
and more water is used. In fact, water use is growing
more than twice as fast as the world’s population!
As a result, getting good, clean water is becoming
a problem in many places. A lot of water is
polluted and in many areas people have to walk a
long way to get clean for daily use.
More than 3.4 million people die each year from drinking and washing with polluted water. So let’s do everything we can to stop the pollution and save water.
● Choose a country or town which interests
you. It could be your home town.
● Decide the points of time you want to look
at — for example, now, ten years ago and
ten years from now.
● Research the population of your place in
those years. Write your notes carefully.
12
Work in groups. Prepare to make
your graph.
●Decide how you want to make your graph.
●Draw it and colour it. You can also make it
on the computer.
●Label it clearly.
13
Make your graph.
14
Write a paragraph to describe your graph.
15
Present your graph to the class.
Homework
Possible answer
In the graph, we can see how the population in the town changed between 1900 and 2000. We can see the population going up the vertical line and the years going across the horizontal line.
The graph shows the population increased by
one hundred percent from two and a half million to five million in one hundred years. At first it
increased very slowly, but after 1945 it increased much more quickly. From 1990 to 2000, the population even increased by one million. The town itself also grew in size during this time.
