04 高考单词D（2015-2024）十年高考英语3500单词分字母汇编（高考真句+故事记忆法）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
高考单词D（解析版）
目录
高考单词D 1
故事记忆法 46
dentist [ dent st] n. 牙科医生
【真句】She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. 【2019年北京】她还与牙医接触，了解更多关于牙齿清洁的知识。
【真句】 He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.【2019年北京】他建议她做一些研究，并和牙医谈谈一个更健康的糖果应该包含什么。
disease [d zi z] n. 病，疾病
【助记】disease （疾病）就源于“dis-（不）+ease（舒服）”,生病时你会感到不舒服。
【真句】David had a brain disease which prevented him from walking or running like other children,but at school his classmates thought of him as a regular kid.【2022新高考】大卫患有一种脑部疾病，这使他无法像其他孩子一样走路或跑步，但在学校里，他的同学们认为他是一个普通的孩子。
【真句】 It is believed that today’s children and teenagers are consuming three times the recommended level of sugar, putting them at a higher risk of the disease.【2022全国乙卷】据认为，今天的儿童和青少年摄入的糖是推荐水平的三倍，这使他们患糖的风险更高。
...he is saddened by the dust storms, diseases... 【2020新全国】他为沙尘暴、疾病而悲伤。
【拓展】disease指具体的“疾病”，illness表示“患病”的状态。
easily [ i z l ] ad. 容易地
daily [ de l ] adj. 每天的；一天的
【真句】 We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. 【2023新高考2卷】我们正在努力创造一种语言，帮助将人类与自然的互动带回我们的日常生活。
【真句】Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. 【2022年6月新高考1卷】在课堂上未完成的每日作业将得零分。
【真句】If you have other daily routines, such as exercising or talking on the phone with family, work those into your day-to-day life before classes start so that you get a better idea of how they fit in with your schedule.【2021年6月天津卷】如果你有其他的日常活动，比如锻炼身体或者和家人打电话，那么在上课前把这些活动融入到你的日常生活中，这样你就能更好地了解它们是如何与你的日程安排相适应的。
【真句】But Somewhere over the daily walk more about my son's day comes out. 【2021.1浙江卷】但是在日常散步的某个地方，更多关于我儿子的一天就出来了。
daily的名词形式：day
dam [d m] n. 水坝
【真句】The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day.【2023新高考1卷】每天下午1点开始，每小时整点从大坝广场出发。
damage [ d m d ] v. n. 破坏；损伤
【真句】The damage done by overfishing goes beyond the sea environment. 【2023年四省联考】过度捕捞造成的破坏超出了海洋环境。
【真句】...to apologize for the damage I had indirectly caused and to ask you to reconsider my lifetime ban from the hotel.【2021全国甲卷】为我间接造成的损失道歉，并请求您重新考虑我终身不得进入酒店的禁令
【真句】Damage changes us before we are ready. I see our lizard, raw and nearly new.【2021.3天津卷】伤害在我们准备好之前改变了我们。我看到我们的蜥蜴，生的，几乎是新的。
【真句】A room inspection will take place and you will be responsible for payment for any damage or missing items.【2019.3天津】房间检查即将进行，您将负责支付任何损坏或丢失的物品。
短语：do damage to 对……造成伤害
【真句】Too much packaging is doing serious damage to the environment.【2015山东阅读】过度包装正在对环境造成严重的破坏。
damage的形容词形式：damaged 被破坏的
【真句】It is difficult for doctors to help a person with a damaged brain.【2012全国二阅读】医生很难帮助大脑受到损伤的人。
declare [d kle (r)] vt. 声明；断言
【助记】声明的目的，就是让事情更清楚。
【真句】"It is too grand and wonderful for words, " declared the Ladies' Repository that August...【2018上海】“它太伟大、太奇妙了，无法用语言来形容，”那年八月，妇女储藏室宣布...
【真句】In texts, you don't have to declare who you are or even say hello. 【2018浙江】在短信中，你不必声明你是谁，甚至不必打招呼。
【拓展】clear [kl (r)] a. 清晰；明亮的；清楚的
clearly [ kl l ] ad. 清楚地，无疑地
damp [d mp] adj. 潮湿的
【真句】He gathered handfuls of damp tree leaves, wrapped them with string, and lit the bunch to create a torch(火把). 【2023.01月浙江卷】他收集了一把潮湿的树叶，用绳子包裹起来，点燃了一个火把。
【真句】Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher's productivity. 【2017全国1卷】试着在潮湿的地方打洞，以提高捕水器的生产效率。
dance [dɑ ns] v. n. 跳舞
【真句】The New Theatre has been the home of quality drama, musicals, dance and children’s shows for more than 100 years. 【2022全国甲卷】100多年来，这个新剧院一直是高质量的戏剧、音乐剧、舞蹈和儿童表演的场所。
【真句】Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance.【2018全国III卷】在文字出现之前，就有了舞蹈的语言。
danger [ de nd ] n. 危险
短语：be in dander of doing sth 有……的危险；in danger有危险
【真句】The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. 【2023新高考Ⅰ卷】饺子热气腾腾，热得很危险。
【真句】The promise and danger of true AGI are great. But all of today's excited discussion about these possibilities presupposes the fact that we will be able to build these systems. 【2020北京】真正AGI的承诺和危险是巨大的。但是，今天关于这些可能性的所有激动人心的讨论都以我们能够建立这些系统为前提。
【真句】Sometimes We decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward, the risk seems worth taking.【2016北京卷】有时我们认为有一点不必要的危险是值得的，因为当我们权衡风险和回报时，风险似乎值得承担。
【真句】Farm animals will be in danger and have to be shipped away.【2015江苏阅读】农场上的动物将会有危险，并且不得不被运走。
danger的形容词形式：dangerousadj. 危险的
dark [dɑ k] adj. 黑的；黑暗的
【真句】Her dark eyes meeting his.【2020.7天津】她的黑眼睛与他的相遇。
【真句】When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them.【2019年6月浙江卷】当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑自行车去学校时，汽车司机可以很容易地看到他们。
【真句】I saw a dark future for my once sweet daughter.【2015重庆完形】对于曾今的可爱的女儿，我看到了她的黑暗的未来。
dark的名词形式：darkness
dash [d ] v. n. 急冲，猛冲
【真句】I took advantage of my brief freedom to dash across the lawn（草坪）—and hit a large maple tree!【2020年1月浙江卷】我利用我短暂的自由动作冲过草坪，撞到了一棵大枫树！
【真句】I dashed to the front door.【2013湖南完形】我猛冲到前门。
dare [de ] v. 敢
用法：dare (to) do sth 敢
【真句】How dare do you say that! Who are you to take us down, eh 【2021八省联考】你怎么敢这么说！你是谁来把我们打倒的，嗯？
【真句】In the beginning, I dared myself to make a difference in the life of another person. 【2021.6北京】一开始，我敢于改变另一个人的生活。
【真句】Many people don’t dare to approach Nature any more; to them the world they were born to enjoy is all threat.【2014天津阅读】许多人再也不敢接近大自然了；对于他们而言他们生儿享受的世界是一个威胁。
dismiss [d s m s] v. 解雇，开除；拒绝考虑，否定
【助记】词根miss-表示“发出”。把人“发射出去的”→解雇；把他人的想法“发射出去”→拒绝考虑，忽视。
【真句】The data also cast doubt on the idea that the LED lighting revolution will lead to energy cost savings. 【】
But the problem should not be dismissed out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers.【2017北京】 但这个问题不应该被忽视，就像一些人工智能研究人员所做的那样。
data [ de t ] 数据
【真句】there is a convenient app that provides growing data in real time.【2024年6月新课标全国Ⅱ卷】有一个方便的应用程序，可以实时提供增长数据。
Data about the moon's composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains...【2020全国1卷】关于月球组成的数据，比如它含有多少冰和其他宝藏...
【真句】...one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 【2019全国一卷】…一个在增加，九个缺乏足够的数据。
【真句】Such a tag carries information specific to that object, and the data can be updated.【2012湖北阅读】这样的标签带有特定产品的信息，并且数据可以被更新。
含有“数字”之意的词：statistics，figure
database [ de tbe s] n. 数据库
【真句】Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years.【2022.6新高考1卷】对语言数据库的分析也证实，在新石器时代之后，世界语言的声音发生了全球变化，“f”和“v”的使用在过去几千年里显著增加。
deposit [d p z t] n. 定金，押金；存款
【助记】de（向下）+pose（放）→放到下面→定金，存款
【真句】Terri, who now rents abhouse with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end.【2023全国甲卷】特里现在和朋友一起在伦敦西南部的旺兹沃斯租房子，她说DIY还能让她在租约到期时避免损失任何押金
【真句】Around 100 people have already put down a $10,000 deposit...【2017全国】大约有100人已经支付了1万美元的定金。
date [ de t ] n. 日子，日期；约会 v. 与……谈恋爱
【真句】Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作业) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system.【2022年6月新高考1卷】在课程中，学生们将组成小组完成四项作业。所有作业将在指定日期前通过我们的在线学习和课程管理系统黑板提交。
【真句】An essay not submitted in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late.【2022年6月新高考1卷】未在截止日期提交的论文将在每节课迟到时失去一个字母成绩。
短语：date from = date back to 追溯到,源于
【真句】It’s a charming small French clock, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.【2013上海阅读】
这是一个由黄铜制造的迷人的法国闹钟，源于19世纪。
out of date 过时的(outdated 过时的)
【真句】The typical example is computers, which are almost out-of- date once they are bought.【2013重庆阅读】
最典型的就是电脑，几乎买了之后就过时了
【真句】Station Street Hospital had out- dated facilities before 2004.【2006江西阅读】 Station Street Hospita有2004之前的过时设施。
up to date 最新的(updated更新的)
【真句】Go to the Science Museum website, and you’ll find lots of up-to- date information.【2015陕西】
去科学博物馆网站，这样你就会发现许多最新的信息
【真句】For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.【2021年6月全国乙卷】对于世界上最大的体育场，我们使用了世界地图集列表提供的数据，该列表根据它们所述的永久容量对它们进行排名，以及来自官方体育场网站的更新信息。
daughter [ d t ] n. 女儿
【真句】Pahlsson screamed so loudly that her daughter came running from the house.【2017年6月浙江卷】帕尔森尖叫得那么厉害，以致于她的女儿从屋里跑了出来。
dawn [d n] n.黎明
短语： from dawn to dusk 从早到晚
【真句】From dawn to dusk, he works countless hours to support our family.【2013天津完形】从早到晚他不停地工作去养家糊口。
at dawn 在黎明
【真句】The day starts at dawn on my farm. 【2018浙江卷】在我的农场里，这一天从黎明时分就开始了。
【真句】They start work at dawn.【高考真句】他们在黎明开始工作。
die [da ] v. 死，死亡
die的名词形式：death 死亡
die的形容词形式：dead 死了的；deadly 致命的
【真句】The man hadn’t cared about potentially deadly consequences.【2013 四川完形】那个人没有在意潜在的致命后果。
【真句】Holden returned home from his holiday upset and convinced his pet was dead.【2015陕西阅读】Holden度假回来的时候感到很伤心，认为他的宠物已经死了。
deadline [ dedla n] n. 截止日期
【真句】If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 【2019年全国3】如果你需要延长截止日期，只需向教授解释一下情况。
【真句】The deadline for my project is next Monday.【2015陕西】我的项目的截止日期是下个星期一。
deaf [def] adj. 聋的
【真句】Young people may risk going deaf if they are exposed to very loud music every day.【2013上海】如果年青人每天都暴露于大声的音乐中他们会有失聪的风险。
deal [di l] v.
短语：deal with；处理； 涉及，讨论
【真句】If you are planning to start a career in the field of education, science, or culture, then an internship（实习）at UNESCO will be ideal for you.【2021.6北京卷】如果你打算开始教育、科学或文化领域的职业生涯，那么在联合国教科文组织实习将是你的理想选择。
【真句】"Let's look directly into the issue of collapse, " they say, "and deal with the terrible possibilities of what we see there to make the best of a troubling future."【2021年6月北京卷】“让我们直面崩溃的问题，”他们说，“并处理我们在那里看到的可怕的可能性，以最好地利用一个令人不安的未来。”
短语：deal with sb 与某人相处
【真句】Learning to resolve conflicts can help students deal with friends, teachers, parents, bosses, and coworkers. 【2012浙江阅读】学习解决问题可以帮助学生与朋友、老师以及同事相处。
a great deal (of) 大量(的)
【真句】I spend a great deal of my time thinking about the power of language.【2014天津阅读】我花大量的时间思考语言的力量。
a big deal 大事，重要的事
In fact, it is actually a very big deal!【2015安徽任务型读写】事实上这是一件大事。
dear [d ] adj. 亲爱的
debate [d be t] n. v. 讨论，辩论
【真句】We are having a debate about this topic.【2015湖南阅读】关于这个话题我们进行了讨论。
【真句】Recently a survey comparing prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.【2015江苏】最近，比较同一商品在不同超市的调查在市民中引起了激烈讨论
debt [det] n. 债务，欠款
【真句】Their debts will be paid off within 25 years.【2015山东阅读】他们的债务在25年内将会被还清。
短语：be in debt 欠债
【真句】The teenagers expected to be in debt when they finished university or training.【2013上海阅读】
据预测，当这些青少年大学毕业或结束训练的时候他们会欠债。
decade [ deke d] n. 十年
...Campbell has more than two decades’ professional experience translating the heady into the understandable.【2024年6月新课标全国Ⅱ卷】...坎贝尔拥有二十多年的专业经验，将令人兴奋的内容转化为可以理解的内容。
【真句】For nearly a decade now,Merebeth has been a self-employed pet transport specialist. Her pet transport job was born of the financial crisis（危机）in the late 2000s．【2022年1月浙江卷】近十年来，梅雷贝斯一直是一名自营宠物运输专家。她的宠物运输工作诞生于21世纪十年末的金融危机。
decision [d s n] n.决定
【真句】Basing an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.【2012江苏】基于情感而非理智做决定，你迟早会后悔。
短语：make a decision 做决定
【真句】My husband made the decision for me.【2013天津阅读】我的丈夫为我做了那个决定。
decision的动词形式为decide
decision的形容词形式为decisive adj. 决定性的
decide [d sa d] v. 决定；判断
【真句】The poignancy（酸楚）of Jordan retiring from his beloved basketball to play baseball and what had pushed him to make such a tough decision took me by surprise. 【】乔丹的辛酸从他心爱的篮球中退役去打棒球，是什么促使他做出如此艰难的决定，让我大吃一惊。
【真句】Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner.【2016全国三】Eudora Welty决定带两个纽约朋友去外面吃饭。
【真句】She had just been adopted by a family in town who decided that the best way for her to learn American ways of life was to be with American kids.【2014北京完形】她被镇上的一户美国家庭收养，他们判断让她了解美国生活方式的最好办法就是让他和美国孩子在一起。
短语：decide on 选定
【真句】The only problem arose in New York, where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population.【2015天津阅读】唯一的问题出现在纽约，在哪儿当地的读者很难选定一本书来代表巨大的、多种多样的人口。
declare [d kle ] v.宣布；宣称，声称
【真句】The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK $25,000 and be sentenced to up to 3 years in prison.【2015福建阅读】被宣布有罪的驾车人员也许会被罚款HK $25,000，并且入狱多达三年。
【真句】Some scientists declare that most of our fatigue comes from our mental and emotional attitudes.【2013辽宁阅读】 一些科学家声称大多数疲劳来自于精神和心灵的态度。
declare的名词形式：declaration
近义词：announce 宣布
decline [d kla n] v. 拒绝;下降;逐渐变差 n. 下降
【真句】The decline is not because we have all become lazy, Families are pressed for time, many with both parents working to pay for their house, often working hours not of their choosing, living in car-dependent neighborhoods with limited public transport.【2021.1浙江卷】这种下降并不是因为我们都变得懒惰，家庭时间紧迫，许多家庭的父母都在工作来支付他们的房子，工作时间往往不是他们自己选择的，生活在依赖汽车的社区，公共交通有限。
【真句】The problem is that if we invest little time in a person, our engagement with that person will decline.【2015福建阅读】问题是如果我们在某个人身上花的时间少了，我们与那个人的关系就会变差
【真句】Job efficiency declines while multitasking, as compared to when they perform only one task at a time.【2015浙江阅读】与一次只做一件事情相比，当人们同时处理多项任务的时候工作效率就会下降。
【真句】Food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population.【2015安徽阅读】20世纪40年代的食物短缺导致人口下降。
含有“下降，减少”之意的词有：drop; sink; cut; fall; decrease
decorate [ dek re t] v.装潢，装饰
【真句】The next time you are deciding on what to wear or what color to decorate your room, think about the color carefully.【2012安徽阅读】下次决定穿什么或用什么颜色装潢房间的时候要仔细考虑颜色。
用法：decorate A with B 用B装饰A
【真句】It’s such a happy-looking library, painted yellow, decorated with palm-tree stickers and sheltered from the Florida sun by its own roof.【2013湖南阅读】这是一个非常好看的图书馆，它被涂成黄色，并装饰有棕榈树的贴纸，此外其屋顶可以遮挡来自佛罗里达的阳光
decorate的名词形式：decoration 装饰，装饰品
decrease [d kri:s] v. n. 下降，减少
【真句】If you have any of these symptoms, change your life goals and decrease your tolerance of stress.【2012浙江阅读】如果你有任何这些症状，改变你的生活目标并且减少承受的压力。
【真句】The population is decreasing in older American cities.【2015安徽阅读】在较老的美国城市中人口数量正在下降。
deed [di d] n. 行为
【真句】Keeping on doing good deeds brings us peace of mind, which is important for our happiness.【2012广东阅读】持续做好事给我们带来平和的心态，这对于幸福是很重要的。
易混词：indeed 的确，确实
【真句】A small kindness can indeed make a difference.【2014浙江完形】一个小小的善举的确可以带来影响。
deep [di p] adj. 深的
deep的名词形式：depth 深度；deep的动词形式：deepen v. 加深
deer [d ] n. 鹿
defeat [d fi t] v. 打败 n. 失败；
【真句】Ford won the race and defeated the Winton.【2015辽宁阅读】Ford赢得了比赛并且打败了 Winton
【真句】Enthusiasm becomes an irresistible force which poverty and temporary defeat can never match.【2015江苏完形】热情变成了不可抗拒的力量，贫穷和暂时的失败是不能与之匹配的。
同义词：beat v. 打败
defend [d fend] v. 保护；为……辩护/辩解；防守
【真句】The traveler may fire at a wild beast to defend himself in case he is attacked.【2014辽宁阅读】
游客也许会朝野兽开枪来保护自己以防自己被攻击。
【真句】Don’t defend him any more．It’s obvious that he deliberately destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.【2013湖北阅读】不要再为他辩解了！很明显他故意弄坏围墙甚至还不道歉。
【真句】Some players are better at defending. 有些运动员较擅长防守。
【真句】The robot can help you defend yourself when you go outside with him.【2014江西阅读】当你和这个机器人一起外出的时候，它可以保护你
defend A from/against B 保护A免受B伤害
【真句】They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections.【2016四川七选五】它们可以帮助保护身体免受感染的伤害。
defend的名词形式：defence/defense保护；辩护；防守
defend的形容词形式：defensive adj. 防御的
【真句】If he seems a little defensive, it might be because even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods.【2024年6月新课标全国Ⅰ卷】如果他看起来有点防御性，那可能是因为即使是他的同事有时也会嘲笑他的不寻常方法。
define [d fa n] v. 界定，确定；给……下定义
【真句】A child is defined as anyone from the ages of 4 years to under 16 years.【2012上海阅读】四岁到16岁以下的人被界定为儿童。
【真句】Oxford English Dictionary defined 414,825 words.【2012山东阅读】牛津英语字典给41482个单词下了定义
define的名词形式：definition
definition [ def n n] n. 定义
【真句】Sociologists have a clear definition of the middle class.【2013陕西阅读】社会学家对中产阶级有清楚的定义。
definitely [ def n tli] adv. 确切地，绝对地
【真句】I am definitely the best in the world.【2015江西】我绝对是这个世界上最棒的。
同义词：certainly adv. 绝对地；absolutely adv. 绝对地
degree [d ɡri ] n. 度数；学位；程度
【真句】The worries most people have about a Humanities degree and finding a career afterwards are that the majors are too abstract, and one will not obtain any applicable skills.【2019.3天津卷】大多数人对人文学科学位和毕业后找工作的担忧是，专业太抽象，无法获得任何实用技能。
【真句】The climate changes only for five degrees between seasons.【2014全国二阅读】季节之间的变换只有5度。
【真句】Water freezes at zero degree.【高考真句】水在零度时结冰。
短语：to a degree /to a certain degree/ to some degree 在一定程度上
【真句】Our feelings of well-being at any moment are determined to a certain degree by genes.【2012湖北阅读】
在任何时候我们幸福的感觉在一定程度上取决于基因。
同义词：extent n. 程度
delay [d le ] v. n. 耽误，耽搁；推迟，
【真句】When the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.【2014陕西】延误的航班何时起飞很大程度上取决于天气
用法：delay doing 推迟做某事
【真句】He delayed running the necessary tests.【2015湖北阅读】他推迟进行这些重要的测试。
同义词：postpone v. 延期，推迟；put back 延期，推迟；put off 推迟，延期
delete [d li:t] v. 删除，删去 同义词：remove v. 移除；cancel v. 删除，取消
deliberate [d l b r t] adj. 故意的；
【真句】Those who are deliberately late to create impression should not be forgiven.【2015陕西阅读】那些故意迟到以使别人印象深刻的人不应该被原谅。
delicate [ del k t] adj. 微妙的；易碎的，脆弱的；优美的，优雅的
【真句】From webs to cocoons, invertebrates (无脊椎动物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs.【2024年6月新课标全国甲卷】从网到茧，无脊椎动物创造了一些自然界中最精致和美丽的图案。
【真句】Emotions have delicate influence on fellow humans.【2013湖南阅读】 情感对周围的人有微妙的影响。
【真句】Most transparent animals are extremely delicate and can be damaged by a simple touch.【2014北京阅读】 大多数透明的动物都是脆弱的，轻轻一碰都会使他们受到伤害。
【真句】But fine, delicate lines do not command attention next to printed text.【2015安徽完形】 但是（笔书写出来的）好的、优美线条所博得的注意力并不次于打印出来的文章。
delicious [d l s] adj. 美味的
同义词：yummy adj. 好吃的；tasty adj. 美味的
delight [d la t] n. 高兴；令人高兴的事； v. 使高兴
【真句】Their delight at winning a race or getting a new bike is unreserved.【2013天津阅读】他们赢得比赛或者得到自行车的高兴是毫不掩饰的
【真句】What delighted the fans was that the young player performed extremely well in the table tennis.【2013湖北书面表达】令球迷高兴的是那位年轻的球员在乒乓球锦标赛中表现得极为出色。
短语：take delight in 以（做）某事为乐；
【真句】She takes delight in helping others.【2014天津阅读】她以帮助别人为乐。
to one’s delight 令某人高兴
【真句】Apparently, I had difficulty adapting myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight.【2014上海】明显我很难适应城市生活，更不用说找一个令我高兴的工作。
delight的形容词形式：delighted，delightful
delighted [di'laitid] adj. 高兴的
用法：be delighted to do高兴做某事; be delighted with/at/by 对……很高兴
【真句】The house was small, but at first we were all just delighted to be in a new place.【2014四川阅读】
房间很小，但是起初我们都非常高兴在一个新的地方。
【真句】They were delighted at the news that their team had won.【2014重庆】他们很高兴听到他们的队赢得了比赛。
delightful [d la tfl] adj. 令人高兴的
【真句】It's delightful to see so many beautiful flowers.【2015卷二阅读】看到如此多的漂亮的花是令人高兴的。
deliver [d l v ] v. 递送，传送；
【真句】PASS doesn’t re-teach or deliver new content.【2022年6月北京卷】PASS不会重新教授或交付新内容。
【真句】Having been bitten twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.【2014北京】之前被狗咬了两次，邮递员拒绝给我们送信除非我们把狗锁起来。
用法：deliver/give a speech/lecture/address 发言/授课/讲话
【真句】Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic “Man and Nature”.【2015全国一写作】
10个学生讲就“人类与自然”这一话题发表讲话。
deliver的名词形式：delivery;
delivery [d l v ri]n. 递送，传递
【真句】Merebeth's pet delivery service satisfies her wanderlust.【2022年1月浙江卷】梅里贝丝的宠物运送服务满足了她的旅游欲望。
Why does home milk delivery no longer exist 【2015全国一阅读】为什么牛奶递送服务不存在了。
demand [d mɑ nd] n. 需要，需求；要求 v. 需要；要求
【真句】Yet the demand is there, with UneeQ seeing high adoption of its digital employees across the financial, health care, and commercial sectors.【2021年6月天津卷】 然而，需求是存在的，随着UneeQ的数字员工在金融、医疗和商业部门的大量采用。
【真句】In 1973, kidnappers took his 16-year-old grandson, and demanded a large amount of money for his safe return.【2013山东阅读】在1973年，绑架者带走了他16岁的孙子并要求大量的赎金才让其孙子安全回来。
近义词：require v. 要求，需要；request n. v. 要求，请求；order n. v. 要求；insist v. 坚持要求
dentist [ dent st] n. 牙医
department [d pɑ tm nt] n. 部门，(机关的）处，（大学的）系
【真句】A French medical-imaging technologist—also a hypnotist—was invited to train a few members in the medical-imaging department of the children's hospital.【2021.3天津卷】一位法国医学影像技术专家和一位催眠师应邀在儿童医院的医学影像部门培训一些成员。
【真句】Sam has been appointed manager of the engineering department to take the place of George.【2012重庆】萨姆被任命为工程部的经理以代替乔治。
department store n. 百货商场
departure [d pɑ t ] n. 离开；（航班，火车等的）出发
【真句】10% OFF ALL BOOKINGS for departures from 5 to 11 September【2015福建阅读】 预定日期在2015年5到11号离开的可以享受百分之十的减免。
【真句】Departure date【2015福建阅读】出发时间
depend [d pend] vi. 依靠，依赖
depend on 依靠，依赖；取决于；
【真句】The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.
【真句】If our parents do everything for us children, we won't learn to depend on ourselves.【2015上海】如果父母为我们小孩作所有的事情，那么我们就不能依靠我们自己。
【真句】This shows how much we depend on water to live.【2013安徽阅读】这显示出我们是多么地依赖水去生存
【真句】The diet of these animals will be different depending on the season.【2012全国一阅读】这些动物的饮食是不一样的，这取决于季节
用法：It / That depends. 视情况而定。
同义词组：count on 依靠；rely on 依靠
depend的形容词形式：dependent; independent; dependable
depend的名词形式：dependence independence
dependence [d pend ns] n. 依靠
Starting your own business could be a way to achieve financial in dependence.【2014辽宁】创业是获得经济独立的一个方式。
dependence的反义词：independence [ nd pend ns] n. 独立
Independence is the key to one’s success.【2016天津】独立是成功的关键。
dependent [d pend nt] adj. 依靠的，依赖的
The fact that college students are financially dependent on their parents is nothing new.【2015北京阅读】 大学生在经济上依靠父母的这一事实并不是什么新鲜的。
dependent的反义词：independent [ nd pend nt] adj. 独立的
The professor was delighted to find that two thirds of the project had been finished by the students independently.【2015湖北完成句子】教授高兴地发现学生们已独立完成了该项目三分之二的工作。
dependable [d pend bl] adj. 可靠的，可依赖的
He should he cheerful, dependable, and easy-going.【2013安徽阅读】他应该是快乐的，可靠的并且随和的。
deposit [d p z t] n. 定金，押金；存款
describe [d skra b] v. 叙述，描述
【真句】We prefer to describe emotional intelligence as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. 【2021年6月新高考Ⅰ卷】我们更愿意将情商描述为一套特定的技能，可以用于好的或坏的目的。
【真句】Sometimes students would ask me to describe all the things I had in it. 【2020海南】有时学生们会让我描述我所有的东西。
The surprising experiment I am about to describe proves that air is all around you.【2014江西阅读】
我将描述的这一令人惊讶的实验证明空气在你周围。
describe的名词形式：description [d skr p n] 叙述，描述（注意其拼写）
Franz Boas’s description of Inuit (因纽特人) life in the 19th century illustrates the probable moral code of early humans. 【2024年6月北京卷】弗朗茨·博厄斯对19世纪因纽特人生活的描述说明了早期人类可能的道德准则。
desert [d z t] v. 抛弃，遗弃 n. 沙漠
A national law was passed to give prison sentences to people who desert cats or dogs.【2012天津阅读】国家通过了对于抛弃动物的人以监禁的法律。
No matter how dry a desert may be, it is not necessarily lifeless.【2015辽宁】不管沙漠是多么的干旱，它未必没有生命。
desert的形容词形式：deserted
易混词：dessert n. 甜点
deserted [d z :t d] adj. 被抛弃的；空无一人的
Humans will find it hard to deal with the deserted bee hives.【2013全国一阅读】人们发现处理被抛弃的蜜蜂箱比较困难。
The police found his wallet on a deserted beach but the body was never found.【2014上海阅读】警察在空无一人的沙滩上找到了他的钱包，但是并没有找到他的尸体。
deserve [d z v] v. 值得，应得
E-waste deserves to be made good use of.【2015江苏阅读】电子垃圾值得被好好利用。
design [d za n] v.设计； n. 设计
Their website is designed mainly for students.【2015浙江阅读】网站主要是为学生设计的
The system has been designed to give students quick and easy to the digital resources of the library. 【2014浙江】系统被设计来给学生更快更容易获得图书馆的数字资源。
短语：by design 故意地
We don't know if it was done by accident or by design.【高考真句】我们不知道那是偶然的还是故意的.
同意词：on purpose; deliberately; intentionally 故意地
desire [d za ]n. v. 欲望，渴望（注意：desire作动词时为及物动词）
That dream reminded me that those fears and desires could encourage me to take risks and make experiments.【2024年6月北京卷】那个梦让我想起，那些恐惧和欲望可以激励我冒险和进行实验。
When it comes to friends, I desire those who will share my happiness.【2013北京阅读】在朋友方面，我渴望那些可以和我分享快乐的朋友。
用法：desire to do渴望做某事
The findings indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted and can’t focus on one activity.【2013北京阅读】研究发现许多做多任务处理的人不是出于他们渴望增加生产效率而是因为他们很容易分心并且不能集中于一个活动。
desire for渴 望某事
Keynes was surely correct that only a small part of total spending is decided by the desire for superiority. 【2012重庆阅读】凯恩斯当然是正确的：总支出当中只有一小部分是由渴望优越决定的
desk [desk] n. 书桌
dessert [d z :t] n. 甜点
desperate [ desp r t] adj. 绝望的；渴望的；极其需要的；不顾一切的
A birdwatcher, armed with a telescope, found the pet sitting desperately on a rock.【2015陕西阅读】
一个带着望远镜的野鸟观察家发现那只宠物绝望地坐在岩石上。
It was just enough for her to have the operation she so desperately needed.【2014陕西阅读】这仅仅足够支付他极其需要的手术。
They struggled in their desperate attempts to escape but missed the exit and started heading in the wrong direction.【2015湖北阅读】他们不顾一切的尝试逃跑但是却错过了出口，并开始朝反方向走去。
用法：be desperate to do 渴望做某事；
She is desperate to influence others with their knowledge.【2015天津阅读】他渴望用知识影响其他人。
be desperate for sth 渴望某事
The only reason a man would sell salt at a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. 【2013广东阅读】一个人低价卖烟的原因是因为他渴望钱。
destination [dest ne n] n. 目的的
Yangshuo is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.【2015全国一语法填空】阳朔很快成为亚洲人周末的度假目的地。
destroy [d str ] v. 破坏，毁掉 （严重毁坏，程度为不可使用或不能恢复）
Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing.【2012山东阅读】90%的岛屿都被毁坏了，并且他们一无所有。
Without knowledge, we may be completely destroyed by the danger.【2015江西阅读】没有知识我们也许被危险毁掉了
destroy的名词形式：destruction
destruction [d str k n] n. 破坏，毁灭
On a more global level, the destruction of the rainforest threatens human life.【2015陕西阅读】就全球而言，雨林的破坏会威胁人类的生命。
detail [ di:te l] n. 细节
I’d eagerly wait for the phone to ring and then tell her every detail of my day.【2014天津完形】我会热切地等待她的电话然后告诉她这一天的所有细节。
短语：in detail 详细地
Jim’s search for his family was described in detail.【2013江苏阅读】文章详细地描述了吉姆对家庭的寻找。
detail的形容词形式：detailed
detailed [ di:te ld] adj. 详细的
detailed accounts of daily activities.【2013湖北阅读】日常活动的详细描述。
detect [d tekt] v. 发现，察觉
The problem is too difficult for researchers to detect.【2014北京阅读】研究者很难发现这个问题。
含有“发现”之意的词：discover v. 发现；spot v. 发现；notice v. 注意到
detect的名词形式： detective [d tekt v] n. 侦探
determine [d t m n] v. 查明；决定 .
Computer and video systems could be used by professional dog trainers to determine the mood of dogs that they were required to approach.【2012福建阅读】专业的狗狗训练师可以用电脑和视频系统去查明他们被要求去接近的狗的情绪。
Our feelings of well-being at any moment are determined to a certain degree by genes.【2012湖北阅读】
在任何时候我们幸福的感觉在一定程度上是由基因决定的。
用法：determine to do 决定做某事
I merely determined to make a list of all the books I had ever read.【2012四川阅读】我仅仅决心列一个我以前读过的书的清单。
determine的形容词形式：determined
determine的名词形式：determination
determined [d t m nd]adj. 有决心的；坚决的，坚定的
He was determined that none of his children would be denied an education.【2015 福建阅读】他决心不让他的任何一个孩子被剥夺受教育。
Dr. Minor is brave and determined.【2012山东阅读】Minor医生是勇敢并且坚定的。
determination [d t m ne n] n. 决心；毅力
My father taught me more about courage and determination than all the words he used those 30-plus years ago.【2014福建阅读】与他30多年来所说的所有的话相比，我的爸爸更多教了我勇气和毅力。
I was torn between the desire to help them and change their lives, and the determination not to repeat their mistakes.【2015陕西阅读】我感到非常痛苦：一方面我渴望帮助他们并改善他们的生活，另一方面我又决心不再重复他们所犯的错误。
develop [d vel p] v. 发展；研发；形成；产生；患（病）；阐述（观点）；冲洗（照片）
China will get much-needed resources and develop its western regions.【2015江苏阅读】中国将会得到急需的资源然后发展西部地区。
Many people use online maps developed by Google.【2015重庆阅读】许多人用由谷歌研发的网络地图。
He developed a love for the outdoors and went to Nepal to climb mountains.【2013浙江阅读】他对户外运动产生了爱意并且前往尼泊尔去爬山。
In 1997 I was found to have developed diabetes.【2014重庆阅读】在1997年我被发现患上了糖尿病。
She developed pictures in dark labs.【2014浙江阅读】她在黑暗的实验室里面冲洗照片。
The third paragraph is developed mainly by providing different examples.【2014重庆阅读】第三段主要通过提供不同的例子阐述的。
develop的名词形式：development [d vel pm nt] n. 发展；开发
develop的形容词形式：developed; developing
developed [d vel pt] adj. 发达的；成熟的，先进的
developed countries 发达国家
The baby monkey is much more developed at birth than the human baby.【2013浙江阅读】在出生时，小猴子比婴儿更成熟。
developing [d vel p ] adj. 发展中的 developing countries 发展中国家
devote [d v t] v. 投入，致力
用法：devote A to B 将A投入于B
Fitzgerald began to devote more time to his writing.【2015福建阅读】Fitzgerald开始更多地将时间投入于写作。
For ten years Nyad devoted herself to becoming one of the world’s best long-distance swimmers.【2012天津写作】10年来，Nyad致力于成为世界上最好的长距离游泳运动员。
be devoted to (doing) 致力于,投入到
My life had been so much devoted to work for so long, and I felt grateful that my sons were happy to welcome me into their world.【2014四川完形】我的生活曾今很长一段时间内都致力于工作，我很感激孩子们现在欢迎我进入他们的世界。
devote oneself to (doing) sth 致力于，投入到
Later in math class, Jenna devoted herself to figuring out the problems that had given her so much trouble. 【2013天津完形】在之后的数学课上，Jenna致力于解决给她带来许多麻烦的问题。
devote的名词形式：devotion
devote的形容词形式：devoted
devotion [d v n] n. 奉献，挚爱
Peters died in 1984, and a ten-foot wooden squirrel sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder and his devotion to the project.【2012山东阅读】皮特死于1984年，一个10尺搞的木质松树雕像被放在桥的附近以纪念其建造者和其对这个项目的奉献。
devoted [d v tid] adj. 挚爱的；忠实的
Cinderella’s two stepsisters followed her, pretending to be devoted to her so that they could enjoy the king’s riches.【2014福建阅读】灰姑娘继母的女儿跟着她，假装爱她的目的是为了能够享受国王的富有。
Perhaps the UNO could set up a body of devoted men and women in every country who can speedily distribute aid to victims of floods and earthquakes.【2013江西阅读】也许UNO可以在每一个国家设立一个有忠实的人组成的机构，他们可以迅速地将援助分配给洪水和地震的受害者。
diagram [ da ɡr m] n. 图表，图样
dial [ da l] vt. 拨（电话号码）
dialogue [ da l ɡ] n. 对话
diamond [ da m nd] n. 钻石
diary [ da r ] n. 日记
dictation [d k te ( )n] n. 听写
dictionary [ d k n r ] n. 词典，字典
diet [ da t] n. 饮食；节食 v. 节食
Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients.【2013北京阅读】节食产品会间接地伤害我们的绳梯，因为食用它们意味着阻止我们的身体获得基本的营养物质。
Humans generally diet to improve health or increase attractiveness.【2014湖南阅读】人们节食总体上是为了改善健康或增加吸引力。
Such a diet is based primarily on grain products, fruits, and vegetables, with moderate amounts of meat and dairy products.【2013上海阅读】这样的饮食主要基于粗粮产品、水果、蔬菜以及适量的肉类和奶制品。
用法：go/be on a diet 节食
She seemed to be on a diet.【高考真句】她似乎在节食。
different [ d fr nt] adj. 不同的
用法：be different from 与……不同
Scientists think the first interactions humans had with horses were far different from those today.【2013北京阅读】科学家们认为最初人与马的互动不同与今天人与马的互动。
be different in 在……方面不同
Although all kites have a similar structure, they are widely different in size and shape.【2012安徽阅读】尽管所有的风筝都有相似的结构，但是它们在尺寸和形状上有很大的不同。
different的名词形式：difference
different的动词形式：differ
difference [ d fr ns] n. 差异，差别
This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress-related disorders.【2012上海阅读】这个差异也许解释了为什么男人更有可能遭受与压力相关的疾病。
用法：make a/the difference (to) （对……）有影响，有作用
We try to create work experience opportunities that will really make a difference to our youth.【2013福建阅读】我们努力创造一些提供工作经验的机会，这些机会对我们的青年人会产生很大的影响。
differ [ d f ] v. 不同
用法：differ in 在……方面不同；
Leaves are found on all kinds of trees, but they differ greatly in size and shape.【2012上海】所有种类的树都有叶子，但是他们在大小和形状上有很大不同
differ from 与……不同
How do adolescent peer groups differ from childhood peer groups 【2012上海阅读】成年组同龄人与儿童组同龄人是怎样不一样的。
difficult [ d f k lt] adj. 困难的，不容易的；（人）不宜相处的
I found it difficult...【2024年6月北京卷】我发现它很难...
You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it.【2012全国二阅读】你也许认为帆船运动是一项不容易的运动，但是学这项运动真的不难。
They also say it is difficult to know if students are learning well.【2015辽宁阅读】他们也说很难知道学生是否学的好
How does a difficult person know that you’re listening and understanding 【2015安徽任务型读写】一个难以相处的人怎样知道你在倾听并且了解他们
difficult的名词形式：difficulty
difficulty [ d f k lt ] n. 困难
用法：have difficulty (in) doing sth 做……有困难
Apparently, I had difficulty adapting myself to life in the city, let alone finding a job to my delight.【2014上海阅读】明显我很难适应城市生活，更不用说找一个令我高兴的工作。
dig [d ɡ] v.挖；挖掘
digest [da d est] n. v. 消化，理解
That’s why this issue (期) of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing. 【2024年6月新课标全国甲卷】这就是为什么这期《作家文摘》旨在帮助你弄清楚如何为你的任何写作类型写出最好的结尾。
In his opinion, reading means taking in the information, digesting it and incorporating it into oneself just as one digests a sandwich and makes it a part of himself.【2015湖北阅读】根据他的观点，阅读意味着吸收信息、理解信息以及并入信息就像一个人消化了一个三明治并使其成为他自己的一部分。
digital [ d d tl] adj. 数字的，数码的 digital technology 数码科技
The differences between print and digital reading results are partly related to paper’s physical properties.【2024年6月新课标全国Ⅰ卷】印刷阅读和数字阅读结果之间的差异部分与纸张的物理属性有关。
Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing resources not available in print.【2024年6月新课标全国Ⅰ卷】数字文本、音频和视频都具有教育作用，特别是当它们提供印刷品中无法获得的资源时。
dignity [ d ɡn t ] n. 尊严，自尊
Some parents forgot their duty and their dignity.【2015浙江阅读】一些父母忘记了他们的职责和尊严。
dilemma [d lem ] n. 进退两难的境地
On-line voting becomes increasingly popular, and many competitions get people involved in it. It is beneficial to some people, while it puts others into a dilemma over whether to vote or not.【2016江苏书面表达】在线投票变得越来越受欢迎，许多比赛让人们参与其中。这对一些人是有益的，而对其他人来说，它让他们陷入是否投票的困境中。
dinner [ d n ] n. 正餐，晚餐
dinosaur [ da n s ] n. 恐龙
dioxide [da ksa d] n.二氧化物
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
dip [d p] vt. 浸，蘸
diploma [d pl m ] n.文凭
direct [d rekt] v. 指导；命令；把（某物）对准……； adj. 直接的
The United Nations Organization(UNO) could undertake to direct the distribution of aid. 【2013江西阅读】
UNO可以承担指导援助的分配。
Giving direct help by giving materials may be effective in the short run and must continue to be given in the event of emergencies. 【2013江西阅读】通过给物质这种直接的帮助也许在短期是有效的，并且在紧急情况发生的时候还得给。
professor Andreas Bernard directed all his attention to this experience, studying the origins of elevator and its relationship to humankind.【2014湖北阅读】Andreas Bernard将他所有的注意力对准了这项实践，研究电梯的起源以及它与人类的关系。
direct的名词形式：direction; director
direction [d rek n] n. 方向，指导
You must go first in one direction and then in another.【2012全国二阅读】你必须先朝一个方向走然后再朝另一个方向。
Why men refuse to ask for directions 【2013陕西阅读】为什么男人拒绝指导？
短语：in the direction of…朝….方向；under sb’s direction 在……指导下
director [d rekt ] n. 导演；主任（因为direct做动词有指导的意思，所以我们可以把director理解为“官”）
dirty [ d t ] adj. 脏的 dirty的名词形式：dirt [d t] n. 污物；脏物
Wear clothes that can get dirty. 【2024年6月新课标全国Ⅰ卷】穿着可以弄脏的衣服。
disabled [d s e b ld] adj. 残疾的
This special school accepts all disabled students, regardless of educational level and background.【2014江苏】这个特殊学校接受所有残疾学生，不管他们的教育背景和水平怎样
disabled的名词形式：disability
disability [d s b l t ] n. 残疾
A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years.【2013湖北阅读】德国一项研究表明那些对未来过于乐观的人实际上在10年内面对更大死亡或残疾的风险。
disadvantage [d s d vɑ nt d ] n. 不利条件；缺点；劣势
The advantages of new technology outweigh its disadvantages.【2016北京阅读】新技术的优点大于缺点。
disagree [d s ɡri ] v. 不同意；不一致
用法：disagree with不同意……；与……不一致
I disagree with this view.【2012北京阅读】 我不同意这个观点。
disagree的名词形式：disagreement [d s ɡri m nt] 不同意；不一致
disagree的反义词：agree v. 同意，一致
disappear [d s p ] v. 消失
The next morning their happiness disappeared.【2015北京完形】第二天，他们的快乐消失了
disappear的名词形式：disappearance 消失
disappear的反义词：appear v. 出现
disappoint [d s p nt] v. 使…..失望
There are plenty of well-qualified candidates, so it is not wrong to reject someone who might disappoint my customers.【2012陕西阅读】有许多非常合格的候选人，所以拒绝那些可能让我失望的顾客是没有错的
disappoint的形容词形式：disappointed; disappointing
disappoint的名词形式：disappointment
disappointed [d s p ntid] adj. 失望的
These jobs didn’t pay well, and the people felt lonely and disappointed with their new life in the city.【2013安徽阅读】这些工作的工资不高，人们感到孤独并且对城市里的新生活非常失望。
disappointing [ d s p nt ] adj. 令人失望的
disappointing news 令人失望的消息
disappointment [d s p ntm nt] n. 失望
If services do not reach the high level promised, disappointment will be the result.【2015浙江阅读】
如果服务没有达到允诺的标准，顾客将会非常失望
用法：to one’s disappointment 令某人失望的是
Susan was expecting her favorite singers, but to her disappointment, none appeared.【2013全国一阅读】
苏珊正在期待他最喜欢的歌星，但是令人失望的是，没有一个最喜欢的歌星出现。
disaster [d zɑ st ] n. 灾难
It is reported that many a new house is being built at present in the disaster area.【2015陕西】据报道现在许多新房屋建立在灾区
同义词: catastrophe [k t str f ] n. 灾难
discount [ d ska nt] n. 折扣
During 10 days you can enjoy a half price discount and a free delivery.【2013北京阅读】在这10天内你可以享受半价折扣和免邮费。
用法：at a discount 以折扣价
discourage [d sk r d ] 使灰心；阻止，防止
I knew that nothing would ever discourage him; he would never give up wanting to be a director.【2015湖南】我知道任何事情都无法阻止他，他从不放弃想成为一名导演。
Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell how close you may be to victory.【2013湖南阅读】不要让失败让你灰心，因为你从不知道你与胜利有多近。
用法：discourage sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事
Lucy wants to see if African honeybees might discourage elephants from eating crops.【2014安徽阅读】
Lucy想看看非洲蜜蜂是否也许阻止大象吃庄稼。
discover [d sk v ] v. 发现；了解到
The most important skill for children to learn is to discover things on their own.【2012浙江阅读】
儿童所要学习的最重要的技能就是独自发现事情。
You’ll discover what interests you by taking courses in many subjects.【2014四川阅读】通过学习多门课程你将了解到什么使你感兴趣。
discover的名词形式：discovery
discovery [d sk v r ] n. 发现
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed.【2015湖南阅读】根据杰克和他的同事，这项发现表明人类感情交流比以前认为的要复杂。
discrimination [d skr m ne n] n. 歧视
Sex discrimination still exists nowadays.【2013福建阅读】性别歧视在今天仍然存在。
discuss [d s k s] v. 讨论；阐述
It may discuss a sensitive topic.【2015浙江阅读】它有可能阐述一个敏感话题。
用法：discuss with sb (about) sth与某人就某事进行讨论
When writing an essay or carrying out project work, you can often discuss with your tutor about the title and topic.【2006福建阅读】当你写文章或实施项目的时候你可以和你的导师就标题和话题进行讨论。
discuss sth with sb与某人谈论某事
My parents are happy to discuss things with me and willing to listen to me.【2012北京阅读】我的父母乐于和我讨论事情并且愿意倾听。
discuss的名词形式：discussion [d s k n] n. 讨论
In a follow-up study with 100 university students, the researchers tried to get a better sense of what the group members actually did in their discussion.【2024年1月九省联考】在一项涉及100名大学生的后续研究中，研究人员试图更好地了解小组成员在讨论中实际做了什么。
disease [d zi z] n. 疾病
We know very little about these new diseases.【2014全国一阅读】关于这些新疾病我们所知甚少。
disgusting [d s ɡ st ] adj. 恶心的
Upsetting people with unsigned messages is cruel and disgusting.【2013安徽阅读】用未署名的信息让人们不开心是残忍与恶心的。
dish [d ] n. 盘子；一道菜
The food especially appeals to health-conscious eaters because each dish is very healthy.【2015湖南阅读】
这食物对于有健康意识的食客都有吸引力，因为每一道菜都很健康。
dislike [d s la k] v. 不喜欢，厌恶
They dislike living with their parents.【2012北京阅读】他们不喜欢和他们的父母住一起
dismiss [d s m s] v. 解雇，开除；拒绝考虑，否定
After everything I'd done for the company, they dismissed me by text!【2013上海阅读】在我为公司付出一切后他们竟然通过短信的方式解雇我
A spokesman for the health supplement industry has argued that other research shows that Vitamin C supplements help prevent heart disease, but we can dismiss this evidence as it is from a biased source. 【2013上海阅读】保健产业的发言人争辩到：维他命C补品会组织心脏疾病；但是我们可以拒绝考虑这一证据因为其偏见的来源
disobey [d s be ] vt. 不服从
They disobeyed the laws of business physics.【2015四川阅读】他们违背了商业的物理法则。
distance [ d st ns] n. 距离；远处；疏远
Riding horses allowed people to travel far greater distances in much less time.【2013北京阅读】
骑马可以让人们在更短的时间里走更长的距离。
The two other rich men saw this from a distance and commented with each other how the third rich man lacked sympathy.【2015陕西完形】其他两个富人从远方看到了这一幕，评论到第三位商人是多么没有同情心
I saw a car in the distance and jumped up as I recognized the car.【2015浙江阅读】我看到了一辆车在远处，当我认出这辆车的时候我跳了起来。
There was still a distance between me and father.【高考真句】我和爸爸仍然有点疏远。
distance的形容词形式：distant [ d st nt]远的
distinction [d st k n] n. 差别，不同；卓越，优秀
It was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinction.【2015广东阅读】我们曾今吧英国看作一个有阶级差别的社会。
It wouldn’t have to be a big talent, just enough so that she might gain some sense of distinction.【2014上海阅读】她不必有一个特别大的才能，管够就行；这样它就可以获得一种优秀的感觉。
distinction 的形容词形式：distinct
distinct [d st kt] adj. 不同的
When I first came to America, I noticed that a public building had two different signs and they had distinct functions.【2015广东完形】当我第一次来美国的时候我看到一个公共建筑有两个不同的记号并且它们都有不同的功能。
【真句】With paper, there is a literal laying on of hands, along with the visual geography of distinct pages. 【2024年6月新课标全国Ⅰ卷】使用纸张时，有实际的手部接触，以及对不同页面的视觉地理认知。
distinguish [d st ɡw ] v．区别；辨别
Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.【2014北京阅读】将研究报告和公共健康报告区分开来。
By the time we are adults, we have the ability to distinguish around 100,000 faces.【2013上海阅读】
到我们是成年的时候我们就有了区分大约10万张脸的能力。
distinguish的形容词形式：distinguished
distinguished [d st ɡw d]adj. 卓越的，杰出的
The Town Hall built in the 1800s was the most distinguished building at that time.【2012上海】
建于19世纪的市政厅是当时最杰出的建筑。
distribute [d str bju t] v. 分配，分发；提供，配送
Even more extraordinary was that the Hatches had their farmland distributed.【2014山东阅读】更加不凡的是Hatcher夫妇将他们的土地给分了。
Since the organization started, Kids F.A.C.E. members have distributed and planted over 1 million trees! 【2013山东阅读】 自从该组织成立以来，Kids F.A.C.E.成员配送并且种植了100多万棵树。
同义词：allocate v. 分配
distribute的名词形式：distribution[ d str bju: n]分配，分发；提供，配送
district [ d str kt] n. 区
disturb [d st b] v. 打扰；影响，干扰
Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing other people.【2014湖南完形】邻居们应该做他们所能做的以免打扰邻居。
They disturb the ecological balance in the wilderness.【2015江苏阅读】他们干扰了荒野的生态平衡。
disturb的形容词形式：disturbing 令人不安的
dive [da v] v. 跳水，潜水
diverse [da v s] adj. 各种各样的
English is a language shared by several diverse cultures, which uses it differently.【2014天津】英语是由各种文化共同使用的语言，他们使用的方式有点不一样。
diverse的同义词：various adj. 各种各样的
diverse的名词形式：diversity
diversity [da v :s ti] n. 多样性
They play a critical role in creating the diversity of species in this area.【2015湖南阅读】他们在创造该领域物种多样性方面扮演着极其重要的角色。
diversity的同义词：variety n. 多样性
divide [d va d] v. 分；分成；使产生分歧；（最根本的意思是“分”）
To do so, I divided the book into two parts.【2024年1月九省联考】为此，我将书分成了两部分。
The library is divided into different zones.【2013天津阅读】图书馆被分成不同的区域。
It makes a job easier to divide the group task among all group members.【2013江苏任务型读写】
将团体任务分配给所有的组员使工作变得更容易。
When it was first performed, critics were divided over the music.【2013山东任务型读写】当这首音乐第一次被演奏的时候，评论家对此是有分歧的
divide的名词形式：division [d v n]分；分歧
divorce [d v s] n. 离婚 v. 与……离婚
He married five times and divorced five times.【2013山东阅读】他结了5次婚离了5次婚
dizzy [ d z ] adj. 头晕目眩的
I felt a little dizzy.【2015山东完形】我有点头晕目眩。
doctor [ d kt ] n. 医生；博士
document [ d kj m nt] n. 文件
documentary [ d kju mentri] n. 纪录片
dog [d ɡ] n. 狗
doll [d l]n. 玩偶，玩具娃娃
dollar [d l] n. 元
donate [d ne t] v. 捐赠，捐献
The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu.【2015江苏】那位退休人员将其大多数存款捐赠给了玉树中被地震毁坏的学校。
Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs more.【2012北京】
许多人已经捐献了该血型的血，但是血库还需要更多。
donate的名词形式：donation 捐献，捐赠
door [d ] n. 门
dormitory [ d m t r ] n. 学生宿舍（缩写式dorm）
dot [d t] n. 点
double [ d bl] adj. 双的，两倍的；n. 双 v. 加倍
But the findings further suggest that stress may bring about a double effect.【2012北京阅读】但是这些研究进一步表明压力会带来双重影响。
And at Farringdon, a double room cost just 62.95.【2013湖南阅读】在Farringdon，一个单人房的费用为62.95磅。
The world population has doubled in the past thirty years, from three to six billion.【2015浙江阅读】在过去的30年里世界人口翻倍了，由30亿变为60亿。
doubt [da t] v. n. 怀疑；不相信
Tony said he could fix my bicycle, but I really doubt it.【2012辽宁】托尼说他能修好我的自行车但是我不相信。
But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors.【2014浙江阅读】现在学者怀疑富兰克林不仅被疾病剥夺了生命还被竞争者剥夺了荣誉
用法：there is no doubt that 毫无疑问
Despite such a big difference in attitudes towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special.【2012湖北】尽管对于我们吃什么方面的态度有很大差异，毫无疑问西方人认为中国的食物是特殊的。
no doubt 无疑
No doubt he wonders whether he wasn't happier in his village working his own land.【2013江西阅读】
无疑他想知道如果自己在自己的土地上作业是不是更不开心。
be in doubt 不确定，无把握
Their acceptance of the contract is still in doubt.【高考真句】他们是否接受那合同还不确定。
design [d za n] n.& vt. n. 设计, 策划 图案, 图样, 样式
【助记】标记下来→描绘下来
【真句】You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.【2019北京】你也可以设计一个冒险挑战来训练年轻的志愿者。
download ['daunl ud] n. v. 下载
downstairs [ da nta n] adv.到楼下，在楼下
The house is still as I walk downstairs while my husband and three kids sleep peacefully.【2015四川阅读】
当我上楼的时候房屋很安静，同时我的丈夫和三个小孩睡的很香。
反义词：upstairs adv.到楼上，在楼上
downtown [ da nta n] adj. 市中心的； adv.往市中心
My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice as expensive.【2014四川】我叔叔位于市区的房子比我们的房子小很多，但是价钱确实我们的两倍。
After dinner we walked into downtown Nancy.2014全国一阅读】晚饭之后我去了市区的Nancy，
downward [ da nw d] adv. 向下
dozen [ d zn] n. 一打；
From the water on the ground, it seemed that he had already finished washing and cleaning about a dozen or more cars.【2012江西完形】从地上的水可以看出他似乎已经洗了一打或更多的车。
短语：dozens of 许多
Dozens of other families were touched by the Hatches’ generosity.【2014山东阅读】
许多家庭都被Hatches的慷慨打动了。
draft [dr ft] n. 草稿，草案；v. 起草
Finally, my thanks go to my tutor, who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and polished every page of my draft.【2012湖北】最后，我要感谢我的导师，他给我的论文提供了很多建议和评论并且对草稿的每一页都进行了打磨。
Anderson started drafting out solutions.【2015江苏阅读】安德森开始起草解决方案。
drag [dr ɡ] v. 拖，拉，拽
Seconds later, she watched the train drag her car almost a kilometer.【2015浙江阅读】几秒钟后，她看到火车把她的车拖了几乎一公里。
draw [dr ] v. 画；取（钱）；吸引；轻拉；拿出； n. 抽奖，抽签；平局
they want kids to learn to draw by copying classical paintings.【2014广东阅读】他们希望孩子通过描绘经典绘画来学习画画。
He said he would draw three names out of a hat; those students would go with him to Los Angeles to get the award.【2012福建阅读】他说他会从帽子里面拿出三个名字；这些人将和他去洛杉矶领奖。
You can draw your money from cash machines conveniently.【2013福建阅读】你可以从取款机中方便的取钱。
After tango dancers from Argentina arrived in Europe, they began to draw the interest of the public.【2013安徽阅读】在探戈舞者从阿根廷抵达欧洲后，他们开始吸引公众的兴趣。
Seeing Grandma was sleepy, he drew the curtains and turned the TV down.【2015上海】
看到奶奶想睡觉，他把窗帘拉了一下并把电视声音调小。
He entered the lucky draw to win a digital camera.【2013四川阅读】参加幸运抽签赢了数码相机。
The match ended in a draw 2-2.【高考真句】比赛以2比2打成平局结束。
短语: draw inferences about 推断
But in many instances we also draw inferences about who we are by observing our own behavior.【2014重庆阅读】但是在很多情况下我们可以推断出我们是谁从观察我们自己的行为。
draw attention 吸引注意力
Unfortunately, her works did not draw much attention in the 1930s and1940s.【2012安徽阅读】
不幸的是她的作品在20世纪40年代并没有吸引太多的注意。
draw to a close/an end 结束
As the meal drew to a close she asked how long I would be in Orlando.【2014安徽完形】当快吃完饭的时候她问我会在奥兰多待多长时间。
draw conclusion (from) 从……当中得出结论
What conclusion could be drawn from the passage 【2012天津阅读】从文章当中得出什么结论？
draw做动词时的名词形式为drawing [ dr ] n. 图画，绘画
drawback [ dr b k] n. 缺点，不利因素
What some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others.【2015北京】一些人当作是缺点的东西在别人看来却是优点。
同义词：shortcoming n. 缺点；disadvantage n. 缺点，不利因素；weakness n. 缺点
反义词：strength n. 优点；advantage n. 优点，有利因素；plus n. 优点
drawer [ dr ] n. 抽屉
dream [dri m] n. 梦想；梦；v. 梦想
His biggest dream is to see every corner of the world before he retires. ([阅读]2012浙江 他最大的梦想就是环游世界。
I had a interesting dream last night.改错]2012浙江 我昨晚做了一个有趣的梦。
用法： dream of/about (doing) sth 梦想
He dreamed of having a better life.【2015辽宁阅读】他梦想有一个更好的生活。
dress [dres] n. 连衣裙（C）；衣服(U) v. 给某人穿衣服
I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real bargain.【2013山东】
我花10元钱买了一件打折的连衣裙；这真便宜啊
Anxiously, she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didn’t fit.【2014天津】
她急切地把衣服从包装盒里面拿出来试穿，结果却发现大小不合适。
l had been able to dress myself for recess(课间休息), but today I would need some help.【2014江苏阅读】
之前课间休息的时候我可以自己穿衣，但是今天我需要一些帮助。
短语：dress up装扮，打扮；
Let her daughter dress up like her friends.【2013上海阅读】让女儿打扮地和她的朋友们一样。
drill [dr l] n. v. 练习，训练
However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable.【2015上海阅读】然而通过练习那些被认为不怎么舒服的训练，球员可以更加有效地改善他们反手练习的表现
短语：drill sth into sb 向某人灌输某事
The dangers of the problem have been drilled into us by public-health campaigns since 2001.【2013湖北阅读】自从2001年以来公共健康运动就在向我们灌输该问题的危险性。
drink [dr k] v. 喝；喝酒 n.喝；饮料
The medicine works more effectively if you drink some hot water after taking it.【2014浙江】
吃完药之后喝点热水药物会更有效。
If you don't like the drink you ordered, just leave it and try a different one.【2015全国二】
如果你不喜欢你点的饮料，把它放一边然后尝试其它饮料。
短语：go for a drink 喝一杯
Shall we go for a drink at one o’clock this afternoon (2013陕西 下午一点钟去喝一杯怎样？
drink的形容词形式：drunken，drunk
drunken [ dr k n] adj. 喝醉了的（必须位于名词前）
He smiled politely as Mary apologized for her drunken friends.【2012山东】
当玛丽为她喝醉了的朋友道歉的时候他礼貌地笑了笑。
drunken [ dr k] adj. 喝醉了的（不能用于名词前）
drive [dra v] v.驾驶，开车送（某人）；推动；驱使；迫使，逼迫
Twenty years ago, I drove a taxi for a living.【2013北京阅读】20年钱我靠开出租车为生。
I told your friend how to get to the hotel, but perhaps I might have driven her there.【2012陕西】
我告诉你的朋友怎么去宾馆，但是我也许本应该开车把他送到那儿。
Decisions to spend are also driven by ideas of quality which can influence the demand for almost all goods, 【2012重庆阅读】花费的决定也受到质量观点的推动，质量的观点会影响对几乎所有产品的需要。
Players on a sports team may feel driven to play harder in order to help the team win.【2014江苏阅读】
体育队伍的运动员也许觉得被迫努力去比赛为了帮助团队获胜。
Her antics helped me realize I had been driven crazy by small things.【2014重庆阅读】
她可笑的举动使我意识到我已经被一些小事给逼疯。
drive的名词形式：driver 司机
drop [dr p] v. 丢，扔；掉下；下降，减少；停止，放弃；送某人/某物到某处（等于drop off）n. 滴；下降
I stopped and dropped all the coins into his hat, and he smiled at me.【2015陕西完形】我停下来把所有的硬币扔进他的帽子里面，他朝我笑了笑。
Their incomes dropped.【2014山东阅读】他们的收入减少了
She would open a book, pretending to read, with tears drop ping on the open page.【2014北京完形】她会打开书假装阅读，此时眼泪掉在打开的书上。
I agree to his suggestion on the condition that he drops all charges.【2015辽宁】我同意他的建议条件是他放弃所有的指控。
Half an hour later, Lucy still couldn’t get a taxi where the bus had dropped her.【2014重庆】
半小时以后，在公交车把他丢下的地方，他还是没有乘坐上出租车。
If it had rained even a drop, things would be much better now!【2015北京】如果哪怕下一滴雨，现在的情况也会更好。
短语：
drop by 顺便拜访
I just dropped by to see how you were doing.【高考真句】我只是顺便拜访看你过得怎样。
drop off 打盹；把某人/某物送到某处
Please drop me off at the library.【2015安徽】请把我送到图书馆。
drop out 辍学；退出
She had to drop out of college.【高考真句】他不得不从大学辍学。
drop in 拜访
You may drop in or just give me a call.【2006安徽】你可以拜访我也可以给我打电话。
drown [dra n] v. 淹死；
a drowning man 快要淹死的人.
drug [dr ɡ] n. 药；毒品
If these drugs should fail, nobody knows what would come next.【2012广东阅读】如果这些药物都不起作用没有人知道后果将会怎样。
The misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly.【2015上海阅读】滥用药物也许是在老人中最常见的嗜毒形式
drum [dr m] n. 鼓
dry [dra ] adj.干的；干燥的；干旱的 v. （使）变干；把……弄干
He asked his girlfriend for his dry clothes.【2015陕西阅读】他向他的女朋友要他的干衣服。
Tree leaves fall during this dry season and new leaves grow when the wet season begins.【2012辽宁阅读】 树叶在干燥的季节会落下并且在潮湿的季节长出新叶。
In the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.【2014重庆阅读】在葡萄牙和西班牙的干旱地区，高尔夫要对一些地区的水资源的严重短缺负责。
The professor entered the lecture hall, placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans.【2015全国一完形】教授走近演讲厅，将装满干豆子的罐子放在桌上。
duck [d k] n. 鸭
due [du ] adj. 预定；适当的；到期的
The paper is due next month, and I am working seven days a week, often long into the night.【2014浙江阅读】考试下个月到期，我每天工作到深夜。
No matter how ordinary a job is, it plays a part in society and therefore deserves our due respect.【2013广东】不管一份工作多么普通，它都在社会中扮演重要角色并且因此值得我们适当的尊重
She is due to complete her study and graduate later this year.【2013天津阅读】
她预定今年随后完成学业并且毕业。
短语：due to 由于
The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.【2016北京完形】由于大学，小城和外面的世界失去了联系。
dull [d l] adj. 枯燥的，无聊的；（人）愚笨的
This dull task brought me such pain.【2015陕西完形】这个无聊的任务给我带来很多痛苦。
As you climb, you hear the dull sounds of eruptions high above.【2013重庆阅读】当你爬山的时候你会听到
Her dull and indifferent husband replied that he had not heard about it.【2013福建阅读】他那愚蠢而又冷漠的丈夫说他并没有听到这件事情。
dumpling [ d mpl ] n. 饺子
dusk [d sk] n. 黄昏
dust [d st] n. 灰尘 其形容词形式：dusty [ d st ] adj.尘土多的
dustbin [ d stb n] n. 垃圾箱
duty [ du t ] n. 责任，义务
It has been my duty to help my mom take care of my brothers and sisters.【2014广东阅读】帮助妈妈照顾弟弟妹妹是我的责任。
短语：on/off duty 值班/下班
He knew a rescue team was on 24-hour duty at the Amherst Fire Department.【2013湖北阅读】他知道一个救援团队在Amherst Fire Department24小时值班。
dynamic [da n m k] adj. 精力充沛的；动态的
English is a dynamic language.【高考真句】英语是一个动态的语言。
Well-known children’s play experts from Shanghai lead this dynamic youth group.【2014江西阅读】来自上海的儿童话剧专家将会带领这一精力充沛的年轻团队。
Dynasty [ d n st ] n.王朝，朝代故事法
### 文章一：《梦想的舞蹈之路》
#### 英文
**D**aisy was a young girl with a big dream. She loved **dance** (舞蹈) more than anything else in the world. Every **daily** (日常的) routine for her included hours of dance practice. Her **dad*