2024-2025学年高一下学期加强班七选五解题技巧 导学案（含答案）

高一英语加强第八讲 七选五解题技巧
题型剖析
1.七选五语篇选材一般以说明文和议论文为主，记叙文为辅。
2.主要考查考生对文章整体内容、结构以及上下文逻辑关系的理解和把握。
二、命题方式
一般有4类题型：分别为段首题、段尾题、段中题及段落小标题题。
段首题：所填句子多为主旨句或过渡句。
段尾题：所填句子多为总结句或过渡句。
段中题：多考查上下文的逻辑关系，以并列、 递进、转折、因果、例证居多。
段落小标题：推理本段主旨，同时需对比其他段落标题寻找共性。
段标题：1.对比其他段落标题找共性。
2.寻找关键词。
3.推理本段主旨句
段首题：1.寻找关键词。
2.明确段落大意。
3.观察句式特征(与其它段落首句的共性)
段中题：1.阅读设空后，标记关键词如人称代词。
2.阅读空前句，标记关键词。
3.标记选项关键词。
段尾题:1.总结句:寻找总结性词语。
2.段间过渡句:承上启下，查询上下文。与上文关联或下一段首句衔接。
三、解题思路
1.无处不在的代词
1)呼应关系
代词类型 呼应
空后有they / them 前文有名词复数
空后有he / she 前文有大写人名
空后有I/me 前文有相同代词
空后有it 前文有物(单)
2)口诀：
遇代词向前看 相同指代巧替换
人对人 物对物 单复对单复
"Teaching dance is wonderful.____It's great to watch them. For many of them, it's a way of meeting people and having a social life.(2018全国III卷)
A. So why do we dance
B. Dance in the U.S. is everywhere.
C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.
D. My older students say it makes them feel young.
E. I keep practicing even when I'm extremely tired.
F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.
G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.
题干中出现了them 我们就要向前看找相同指代 但前面正好是空格 那么我们首先在7个选项中标出所有可能被指代的对象
因为them是复数 我们首先可以安排出是单数的选项即ABCE
D. My older students say it makes them feel young.
F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.
G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.
Fdancing是单数 their是形容词性物主代词修饰的是feeling （是单数） 排除F
G选项中的they指代不明 肯定指代的不是前面的teaching dance（是单数）
答案显然是My older students （是复数）
2.保持对逻辑关系词的敏感度
1)逻辑词举例
逻辑关系 举例
并列递进 too, also, as well, besides, for one thing, for another,moreover, what's more, in addition, not only.. but also... not.. but..
转折对比 but, however, yet, though, while, otherwise, instead, on the contrary...
顺序关系 Firstly, Secondly... In the first place, in the second place... first, next, then, later, after that, afterwards, finally, at last, ...
2)口诀 逻辑词 找关系 并列转折和顺序
For example, "bridge" might stand for "meet" and "out" might stand for "me." The
message "bridge out" would actually mean "Meet me."____However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.
A. It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
В. In any language, some letters are used more than others.
с. Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D. As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.
E. You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
F. With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G. Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.
[201 6全国I卷]
首先找出逻辑词 however和also 那么既要有转折 又要有并列关系的的选项显然只能是A
温馨提示：
做题时不要一个一个空的去选 这样会浪费很多时间去反复读7个选项 而是运用技巧从容易简单的空去做题即
核心策略:由易到难 确定对的&一定不对 做好标记&缩小范围
3.名 形 动 三大神
名形动 定中心 复现近义大胆选
___ , if you're out of your comfort zone or if you' re wandering into somebody' s house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
A. How do you know the host
B. The first step is to go exploring
с. If you ask the question "How did you get here "
D. Вe prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers
E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say
F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking
He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most
核心策略:由易到难 确定对的&一定不对 做好标记&缩小范围 先用代词技巧缩小范围
先把不同指代的EFG排除 再讲重复的if you 条件句排除
接着我们划出名 形 动 三大神 定中心
_____if you're out of your comfort zone or if you' re wandering into somebody' s house for the first time. So the main thing is just to show up and be adventurous, trying different foods and talking to strangers.
A. How do you know the host 如何认识主人 （原文没有提到）
The first step is to go exploring 第一步去探索（与原文呼应的最多 中心最贴切）
Вe prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers 准备和陌生人尬聊（只在最后一句的后半部分提到 以偏概全）
总结
明显答案提示
①半句话 看逗号还是句号
②问与答 有问有答很明显
③小标题 概括性最易得
隐形答案提示
①有代词向前看相同指代巧替换
②逻辑词找关系并列转折和顺序
③名动形定中心 复现近义大胆选
三大技巧综合运用快速解题
牛刀小试
①Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing (治愈) .___In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery.(2019 全国I卷)
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So what are you waiting for
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said
Just as importantly, we tend to associate fresh air with health care.
G.All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
根据遇代词向前看 相同指代巧替换 人对人 物对物 单复对单复 名动形定中心 复现近义大胆选 these指代Healing Gardens. recovery和healing与原文呼应 我们可以直接锁定答案G
②Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.____,they can get a little complex.
A. While all of them are useful
B. Whatever you're looking for
C. If you're experimenting with a color
D. Small color choices are the ones we’ re most familiar with
E. It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
[201 8全国I卷]
题干中空格后面是逗号 显然不能使用完整句子 故可以直接排除DEFG
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point.____,they can get a little complex.
A. While all of them are useful
B. Whatever you're looking for
If you're experimenting with a color
They指代的是复数 useful与help呼应 前后关系又是转折关系 答案是A
四．完形填空之实战训练
①What’s in a Game
Picture you and your friends sitting around one Saturday, bored. You’ve read every book, watched every movie and played every game. There is absolutely nothing left to do. 36 Here are some guidelines to help you invent a new game that’s both playable and fun.
The Objective
The first thing you’ll need to design a great game is an objective or goal for players to work toward. 37 . For example, Hockey games and Risk, a kind of card game, have one thing in common — when one player or team reaches the final objective, they win.
38
Next, you’ll need rules to let your players know what they can and can’t do. It might seem like a game with no rules would be more fun. You can do anything you want! Unfortunately, this often results in confused players arguing about how the game should be played. Rules set limits and define what the game is — and what it isn’t. Players need to know what they can and can’t do, and what will happen when they do different things.
Meaningful Choices
While you are creating your rules, think about the choices players will make and what effects those choices will have. 39 . If the same thing happens no matter what choice the player makes, they’ll wonder why they have to choose.
Don’t Forget to Playtest!
Any game you see in stores has gone through many rounds of testing and revision. Rules that seem clear to you might be confusing for others. Situations might come up that you didn’t expect. 40 .
A. The Place B. The Rules C. What can your players do D. What if you could invent your own game E. Every choice a player makes needs to have an effect on the gameplay F. The best way to make sure your game is playable and fun is to playtest it G. Objectives can take many forms, but they should always be clear to the players
②Writing poetry can seem frightening, especially if you do not feel you are naturally creative. But with the right inspiration and approach, you can also write a poem that you can be proud to share with others in class or with your friends.
◆Pick a specific theme or idea. The first step in any poetry creation is coming up with something to write about. You can start your poem by focusing on a specific theme or idea that you find fascinating. ___36___
◆Choose a poetic form. Get your creative juices flowing by picking a form for your poem. There are many different poetic forms that you can use, from free verse to sonnet to rhyming couplet (押韵的对句). ___37___ Choose one poetic form and stick to that structure so your poem feels cohesive to your reader.
◆Use concrete imagery. ___38___ You should always try to describe something using the five senses: smell, taste, touch, sight, and sound. Using concrete imagery will immerse (使沉浸在) your reader in the world of your poem and make images come alive for them.
◆ ___39___ Literary devices like metaphor and simile add variety and depth to your poetry. Using these devices can make your poem stand out to your readers. Try to use literary devices throughout your poem, varying them so you do not use only metaphors or only similes in your writing.
◆Read the poem out loud. Once you have completed a draft of the poem, you should read it aloud to yourself. ___40___ Pay attention to how each line of your poem flows into the next. Keep a pen close by so you can mark any lines or words that sound awkward or jumbled.
A. Use literary devices.
B. Notice how the words sound to the ear.
C. This can give your creation a clear goal.
D. You may go for a poetic form that you find easy to use.
E. If you want to write poetry, start by reading poetry.
F. Avoid abstract imagery and go for concrete descriptions in your poem.
G. You can also share your poem with other poets to get feedback from them.
③
It is likely that you've heard that the pitter-pattering (噼啪声) of raindrops can help people fall asleep. There's also research that supports the idea that rain sounds are a useful sleep aid. Here's what to know.
___16___
Rain sounds mask other sharper noises in your environment. Think of a dripping faucet (水龙头) in the other room —in silence, it could be very annoying. With a masking background of wind in the leaves, a soft rain, or some gentle waves playing on a speaker, the drip would never be detected. ___17___.
Rain sounds might literally hit the right frequencies
By masking background sounds, rain tracks might seem like they're just ordinary white noise ——but they aren't. Named after colors, white noise is an umbrella term for a variety of sounds. Rain sounds are considered pink noise, which is characterized by louder sounds at a low frequency and softer sounds at high frequencies. ___18___. But this may not be the case for everyone.
Rain sounds have a calming effect
Apart from helping people fall asleep, rain sounds can be straight-up relaxing. It may be explained by the fact that they're a natural sound and natural sounds are psychologically beneficial. ___19___. For example, people exposed to nature sounds in a 2017 study had an increased nerve response, which means that the calming part of their nervous system was activated by these tracks.
Rain sounds could be meat or poison
___20___. Different sounds will bring out different responses depending on the individual. One person's gentle rain is others' flood worry or need to go to the bathroom. Similarly, gentle rain with distant thunder is calming for some and alarming for others. Will they work for you There's only one way to find out!
A. Rain sounds hide other noises
B. Rain sounds are a universal tool
C. White noise makes people fall asleep quickly
D. So rain sounds can create a calming background “music”
E. Rain sounds might help someone, but they're not for everyone
F. Pink noise in particular can improve sleep in healthy individuals
G. The benefits include increased learning capacity and reduced anxiety