独立主格结构之读后续写
一、定义
独立主格结构(Absolute Construction)是英语中的一种语法结构,通常由名词或代词加上分词、形容词、副词或介词短语构成,用来修饰整个句子,表示时间、原因、条件、伴随等情况。它独立于主句的主谓结构,但与主句在意义上紧密相关。
二、结构形式
1. 名词/代词 + 现在分词
例句: The weather being fine, we decided to go for a picnic.
翻译: 天气很好,我们决定去野餐。
2. 名词/代词 + 过去分词
例句: The homework finished, the students went out to play.
翻译: 作业完成后,学生们出去玩了。
3. 名词/代词 + 形容词
例句: His face pale, he entered the room.
翻译: 他脸色苍白地走进了房间。
名词/代词 + 副词
例句: The meeting over, everyone left the room.
翻译: 会议结束后,大家都离开了房间。
名词/代词 + 介词短语
例句: The book in his hand, he walked into the classroom.
翻译: 他手里拿着书走进了教室。
三、独立主格结构的功能
1. 表示时间
例句: The sun having set, we started our campfire.
翻译: 太阳落山后,我们点燃了篝火。
2. 表示原因
例句: The rain having stopped, we continued our journey.
翻译: 雨停了,我们继续我们的旅程。
表示条件
例句: Weather permitting, we will have a barbecue tomorrow.
翻译: 如果天气允许,我们明天将举行烧烤。
4. 表示伴随
例句: He stood there, his hands in his pockets.
翻译: 他站在那里,双手插在口袋里。
四、独立主格结构的注意事项
1. 独立主格结构中的名词或代词与主句的主语不同。
2. 独立主格结构通常用逗号与主句隔开。
3. 独立主格结构在句子中起到状语的作用,修饰整个句子。
续写语料
与“眼睛”相关的句子(表达不同情绪)
1. 喜悦
例句: Her eyes sparkling with joy, she hugged her long-lost friend.
翻译: 她的眼睛闪烁着喜悦,她拥抱了她久违的朋友。
2. 悲伤
例句: Tears welling up in his eyes, he turned away to hide his sorrow.
翻译: 泪水在他的眼中涌出,他转过身去隐藏他的悲伤。
3. 愤怒
例句: His eyes blazing with anger, he slammed the door shut.
翻译: 他的眼睛燃烧着愤怒,他砰地一声关上了门。
4. 惊讶
例句: Her eyes wide with surprise, she gasped at the unexpected news.
翻译: 她的眼睛因惊讶而睁大,她对这意外的消息感到震惊。
5. 恐惧
例句: His eyes filled with/ full of fear, he backed away from the dark shadow.
翻译: 他的眼睛充满了恐惧,他从黑暗的阴影中后退。
与“手”相关的句子(表达不同情绪)
1. 紧张
例句: His hands trembling with nervousness, he opened the envelope containing the exam results.
翻译: 他的手因紧张而颤抖,他打开了装着考试成绩的信封。
2. 愤怒
例句: Her fists clenched in anger, she confronted the person who had betrayed her.
翻译: 她的拳头因愤怒而紧握,她直面那个背叛她的人。
3. 温柔
例句: His hand gently resting on her shoulder, he whispered words of comfort.
翻译: 他的手轻轻搭在她的肩上,低声安慰着她。
4. 绝望
例句: Her hands hanging limply by her sides, she stared blankly at the empty room.
翻译: 她的手无力地垂在身体两侧,茫然地盯着空荡荡的房间。
5. 喜悦
例句: Her hands clapping with excitement, she cheered as her team scored the winning goal.
翻译: 她的手因兴奋而拍打着,当她的球队打进制胜一球时,她欢呼起来。
与“脚”相关的句子(表达不同情感)
1. 疲惫
例句: His feet dragging with exhaustion, he finally reached the end of the long hike.
翻译: 他的脚因疲惫而拖沓着,他终于到达了长途徒步的终点。
2. 焦虑
例句: Her feet pacing back and forth, she waited anxiously for the phone call.
翻译: 她的脚来回踱步,她焦急地等待着电话。
3. 兴奋
例句: His feet bouncing with excitement, he ran to the door to greet his best friend.
翻译: 他的脚因兴奋而跳跃着,他跑到门口迎接他最好的朋友。
4. 恐惧
例句: Her feet frozen in place, she stared in horror at the shadow moving in the dark.
翻译: 她的脚因恐惧而僵在原地,她惊恐地盯着黑暗中移动的影子。
5. 坚定
例句: His feet firmly planted on the ground, he stood his ground despite the opposition.
翻译: 他的脚牢牢地站在地上,尽管面对反对,他依然坚持自己的立场。
与“头”相关的句子(表达不同感情)
羞愧
例句:Head bowed/ lowered in shame, he admitted his failure in the competition, unable to meet his parents' eyes.
翻译:他羞愧地低下头,承认自己在比赛中失利,不敢直视父母的眼睛。
自豪
例句:Head held high with pride, she received the award on the stage, a confident smile on her face.
翻译:她骄傲地昂着头,在舞台上接受奖项,脸上挂着自信的微笑。
失望
例句:Head shaking in disappointment, the teacher criticized the students' carelessness, hoping they could learn from the mistakes.
翻译:老师失望地摇着头,批评学生们的粗心大意,希望他们能从错误中吸取教训。
喜悦
例句:Head spinning with joy, he danced around the room after hearing he had been admitted to his dream university.
翻译:听到自己被梦想的大学录取后,他欣喜若狂,在房间里手舞足蹈。
绝望
例句:Head buried in his hands in despair, he faced the financial crisis, not knowing how to solve the problem.
翻译:他绝望地双手抱头,面对财务危机,不知如何解决问题。