七选五 人教版选择性必修三 题型特训
Unit 3 Environmental Protection
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5
二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10
三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15
一、 初阶练手
Passage 1
（23-24高二下·重庆·期末）Every living thing depends on the ocean. So when we hear the ocean is in trouble from the effects of overfishing, climate change, and pollution, it’s easy to feel powerless. 1 But there are plenty of action s you can take that will make a big difference for the ocean.
2
The more you learn about the ocean, the better prepared you’ll be to inspire change and help others do the same. Thankfully, there are many ways to educate yourself about the ocean and the challenges it faces, from books and documentaries to websites, museums, art exhibits, and more.
Check the label
Help keep fisheries healthy by choosing sustainable seafood when you grocery shop or dine out. 3 Look for the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) and Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) labels. Their blue and green fish logos (标识) on your seafood ensure your fish can be traced back to sustainably-managed fisheries and farms.
Reduce your carbon emissions
4 Decrease the effects of climate change on the ocean by cutting your carbon footprint at home: turn off lights when you’re not using them, walk or ride your bike to work, and demand renewable energy options in your community.
Travel smarter
Consider booking your next trip through a responsible travel company that’s committed to protecting wildlife and using guides who are aware of rules and best practices. Once you arrive at your destination, be respectful of marine life and habitats. And be careful about your purchases. 5
A．Increase your ocean IQ.
B．Skip the single-use plastics.
C．What should be done to travel responsibly
D．What’s the easiest way to make sure your seafood is sustainable
E．Many of these issues will require leadership from governments and businesses.
F．In the last decades, the ocean has absorbed 90% of the extra heat created by burning fossil fuels.
G．Purchasing items like shark products damages delicate ecosystems and threatens endangered species.
【答案】1. E 2. A 3. D 4. F 5. G
【导语】本文是说明文。通过列举具体的行动步骤，向读者说明如何为保护海洋做出贡献。
1. 根据前文“Every living thing depends on the ocean. So when we hear the ocean is in trouble from the effects of overfishing, climate change, and pollution, it’s easy to feel powerless.(每一种生物都依赖海洋。因此，当我们听到海洋因过度捕捞、气候变化和污染而陷入困境时，我们很容易感到无能为力)”以及后文“But there are plenty of action s you can take that will make a big difference for the ocean.(但你可以采取很多行动，这将对海洋产生重大影响)”可知，前文讲述面对海洋问题，我们很容易感到无能为力，后文讲述我们可以采取行动，所以E项“Many of these issues will require leadership from governments and businesses.(其中许多问题都需要政府和企业的领导)”承接上文，和下文构成转折关系，符合文意。故选E项。
2. 分析设空，为本段小标题，根据后文“The more you learn about the ocean, the better prepared you’ll be to inspire change-and help others do the same. Thankfully, there are many ways to educate yourself about the ocean and the challenges it faces, from books and documentaries to websites, museums, art exhibits, and more.(你对海洋了解得越多，你就能更好地激发变革——并帮助其他人也这样做。值得庆幸的是，有很多方法可以让你了解海洋及其面临的挑战，从书籍、纪录片到网站、博物馆、艺术展览等等)”可知，本段主要讲述了要提高自己对海洋的认识，所以A项“Increase your ocean IQ.(提高你的海洋认知)”符合本段主题，为本段小标题。故选A项。
3. 根据前文“Help keep fisheries healthy by choosing sustainable seafood when you grocery shop or dine out.(当你在杂货店购物或外出就餐时，选择可持续的海鲜有助于保持渔业健康)”以及后文“Look for the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) and Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) labels. Their blue and green fish logos (标识) on your seafood ensure your fish can be traced back to sustainably-managed fisheries and farms.(寻找海洋管理委员会(MSC)和水产养殖管理委员会(ASC)的标签。我们在海鲜上的蓝色和绿色鱼类标志确保您的鱼可以追溯到可持续管理的渔业和农场)”可知，前文讲述选择可持续的海鲜，后文讲述怎么选择，所以D项“What’s the easiest way to make sure your seafood is sustainable (确保你的海鲜是可持续的最简单的方法是什么？)”承接上文，引出下文，符合文意。故选D项。
4. 设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“Decrease the effects of climate change on the ocean by cutting your carbon footprint at home: turn off lights when you’re not using them, walk or ride your bike to work, and demand renewable energy options in your community.(通过减少你在家里的碳足迹来减少气候变化对海洋的影响：不使用灯的时候关灯，步行或骑自行车去上班，并在你的社区要求可再生能源的选择)”可知，本段主要讲述减少碳足迹，所以F项“In the last decades, the ocean has absorbed 90% of the extra heat created by burning fossil fuels.(在过去的几十年里，海洋吸收了燃烧化石燃料产生的90%的额外热量)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选F项。
5. 根据前文“Consider booking your next trip through a responsible travel company that’s committed to protecting wildlife and using guides who are aware of rules and best practices. Once you arrive at your destination, be respectful of marine life and habitats. And be careful about your purchases.(考虑通过一家负责任的旅游公司预订你的下一次旅行，该公司致力于保护野生动物，并使用了解规则和最佳实践的导游。一旦你到达目的地，尊重海洋生物和栖息地。买东西时要小心)”可知，本段主要讲述旅游时注意保护海洋生态，购买东西时要小心，所以G项“Purchasing items like shark products damages delicate ecosystems and threatens endangered species.(购买鲨鱼制品会破坏脆弱的生态系统，威胁到濒危物种)”符合本段主题，是对前文的举例。故选G项。
Passage 2
（23-24高二下·北京·阶段练习）The War Against Sand
Imagine living on the edge of a vast desert, which is moving quietly closer to your village every day and covering your fields. The desert is on the move. This is called desertification.
Desertification occurs in regions close to an already existing desert. 1 The first is over-use of water in the area. There is not enough water in any case, and if it is not carefully used, disaster can follow. As time goes on, water shortages make farming more and more difficult. In some places, locals can remember local lakes and marshes which were once the homes for all kinds of fish and birds. 2 Farmers leave the land, and fields are replaced by deserts.
The second cause is misuse or over-use of the land. 3 Ploughing (耕) large fields and removing bushes and trees means that the wind will blow away the soil. Once the soil is lost, it is hard to replace, and if there is rain, it has nowhere to go, and brings no benefit.
4 Every spring, the skies over some of eastern cities, thousands of kilometers away from the deserts, can be darkened by sandstorms. Dust from deserts can have a great effect on weather systems. While desertification is perhaps being partly caused by global warming, these sandstorms can make global warming worse by adding to what is known as the greenhouse effect.
What can be done to slow down or stop the process of desertification A great deal of work is already under way. Obviously first steps are to find new water sources. 5 Some types of grass also hold the soil together, and stop the wind taking it. Without these efforts, it will be harder and harder to stop the world’s deserts in their tracks, and more and more farmers will give up and head for cities. The lesson to be learnt lies beneath the sand.
A．It generally arises from two related causes.
B．It is not only the farmers and villagers who suffer.
C．They have been completely buried by the sand now.
D．Scientists are doing the research on the cause of desertification.
E．They destroy the land as the soil dries out and is then blown away.
F．Tree planting can help, by providing barriers between desert and rich field.
G．This means that the wrong crops are planted, and need more water than is available.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. G 4. B 5. F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了沙漠化的原因、影响以及应对措施。
1. 上文“Desertification occurs in regions close to an already existing desert. (荒漠化发生在靠近已经存在的沙漠的地区)”提出沙漠化发生在靠近已有沙漠的地区这一现象，而下文“The first is over- use of water in the area.(首先是该地区过度用水)”和“The second cause is misuse or over-use of the land.(第二个原因是滥用或过度使用土地)”列举了两个相关的原因。A选项“It generally arises from two related causes.(它通常源于两个相关的原因)”承上启下，引出下文两个原因，上下文语意连贯。故选A项。
2. 上文“locals can remember local lakes and marshes which were once the homes for all kinds of fish and birds. (当地人还记得当地的湖泊和沼泽，它们曾经是各种鱼类和鸟类的家园)”提到一些湖泊和沼泽曾经是各种鱼和鸟类的家园，C选项“They have been completely buried by the sand now.(它们现在完全被沙子掩埋了)”承接上文并引出下文，说明这些湖泊和沼泽的现状，句中“now”与上文“once”相照应，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
3. 上文“The second cause is misuse or over-use of the land.(第二个原因是滥用或过度使用土地)”提到沙漠化发生在靠近已有沙漠的地区的第二个原因：滥用或过度使用土地。G选项“This means that the wrong crops are planted, and need more water than is available.(这意味着种植了错误的作物，而且需要的水比可用的多)”承接上文，解释了“滥用或过度使用土地”的意思，句中“This”指代上文“over-use of the land”，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
4. 下文“Every spring, the skies over some of eastern cities, thousands of kilometers away from the deserts, can be darkened by sandstorms.(每年春天，一些远离沙漠数千公里的东部城市的天空都会因沙尘暴而变暗)”提到沙漠化还会影响到更远的地区，是对B选项“It is not only the farmers and villagers who suffer.(不仅仅是农民和村民受到影响)”的进一步说明，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
5. 上文“Obviously first steps are to find new water sources.(显然，第一步是寻找新的水源)”和下文“Some types of grass also hold the soil together, and stop the wind taking it.(有些种类的草还能把土壤粘在一起，阻止风带走它)”都是减缓或阻止沙漠化的进程的方法。F选项“Tree planting can help, by providing barriers between desert and rich field.(植树可以提供帮助，通过在沙漠和肥沃的田地之间提供屏障)”与上下文构成并列关系，列举了可以通过植树的方式来应对沙漠化，回答了段首的问题“What can be done to slow down or stop the process of desertification (我们可以做些什么来减缓或阻止沙漠化的进程 )”，与上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
Passage 3
（23-24高二下·全国·期末）World Environment Day, celebrated annually on June 5th, is a global event that encourages action for the protection of our environment. Established by the United Nations in1974, it has become a platform for the public in over 100 countries. 1 Here are four simple ways you can care for your environment.
●Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
The principle “reduce, reuse, recycle” is important. 2 Reduce: Be mindful of your consumption. Use products with minimal packaging and consider if you truly need that new item. Reuse: Think of creative ways to repurpose items. Recycle: Make sure to recycle paper, plastics, metals, and electronics.
●Conserve water
Water is a precious resource, and conserving it helps ensure its availability for future generations. A dripping faucet can waste gallons of water over time so ensure all taps, pipes, and toilets are leak-free. 3
●Choose sustainable transportation
Transportation is a significant source of greenhouse gases. Opting for more sustainable modes of transport can make a big difference. 4 Also consider buses, trains, or carpooling to reduce the vehicles on the road. Consider investing in an electric vehicle, which has a lower environmental impact compared to traditional cars.
● 5
This step helps reduce your carbon footprint and promotes sustainable agriculture. Local products travel shorter distances to reach you, reducing transportation emissions. Plus, organic farming practices reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers, promoting soil health.
Small, consistent actions can lead to significant benefits. Remember, every action counts ,and together we can create a more sustainable future.
A．Support local and organic products
B．For short distances, consider walking or cycling.
C．Improve air quality and provide habitats for wildlife.
D．This year, we focus on everyday steps that anyone can take.
E．Use water-efficient appliances, for example, low-flow shower heads.
F．It reminds us of the reasoning behind minimizing waste and conserving resources.
G．They include these simple practices into your daily life and contribute to our planet.
【答案】1. D 2. F 3. E 4. B 5. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些日常环保的方法。
1. 根据上文“World Environment Day, celebrated annually on June 5th, is a global event that encourages action for the protection of our environment. Established by the United Nations in1974, it has become a platform for the public in over 100 countries.(每年的6月5日是世界环境日，这是一个鼓励采取行动保护环境的全球性活动。它由联合国于1974年建立，已成为100多个国家的公众平台)”以及后文“Here are four simple ways you can care for your environment.(这里有四种保护环境的简单方法)”可知，上文主要介绍了世界环境日的一些背景知识，结合后文主要论述的是日常环保方法，故D选项“今年，我们关注的是每个人都可以采取的日常步骤”符合语境，故选D。
2. 根据上文“The principle “reduce, reuse, recycle” is important.(“减量、再利用、再循环”的原则很重要)”可知，本句承接上文，说明三原则重要的原因。故F选项“它提醒我们减少浪费和节约资源背后的原因”符合语境，故选F。
3. 根据上文“Water is a precious resource, and conserving it helps ensure its availability for future generations. A dripping faucet can waste gallons of water over time so ensure all taps, pipes, and toilets are leak-free.(水是一种宝贵的资源，保护它有助于确保子孙后代可以获得水。随着时间的推移，滴水的水龙头会浪费大量的水，所以要确保所有的水龙头、管道和厕所都没有漏水)”可知，本段主要提出节水的方法。故E选项“使用节水器具，例如低流量淋浴喷头”符合语境，故选E。
4. 根据后文“Also consider buses, trains, or carpooling to reduce the vehicles on the road. Consider investing in an electric vehicle, which has a lower environmental impact compared to traditional cars.(还可以考虑乘坐公共汽车、火车或拼车，以减少路上的车辆。考虑投资电动汽车，与传统汽车相比，电动汽车对环境的影响更小)”可知，本句主要是在针对交通方式的选择提出建议。故B选项“对于短距离，可以考虑步行或骑自行车”符合语境，故选B。
5. 根据本段内容“This step helps reduce your carbon footprint and promotes sustainable agriculture. Local products travel shorter distances to reach you, reducing transportation emissions. Plus, organic farming practices reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers, promoting soil health.(这一步有助于减少你的碳足迹，促进可持续农业。本地产品到达您手中的距离更短，从而减少了运输排放。此外，有机农业减少了农药和化肥的使用，促进了土壤健康)”可知，本段的主旨是支持购买本地产品，A选项中local对应后文Local products。故A选项“支持本地和有机产品”符合语境，故选A。
Passage 4
（23-24高二下·陕西渭南·阶段练习）Animals deserve to live a safe and healthy life as much as humans do. Sadly, this does not have universal acceptance. Some people try to get profit from everything and sometimes animals become victims. It is vital that we take action to protect animals. 1
Spread awareness. One way to protect endangered animals is to create awareness about them. You can create local community groups that work for this cause. Having seminars (研讨会) is another way of creating awareness. 2 Our routine activities directly or indirectly influence their lifestyle.
3 It is important to watch the road when you are going through roads in forest areas. Many animals die while trying to cross the road because people do not pay attention to them. So we can save their lives by being more careful.
Avoid plastic items. Do you know what happens to a plastic bag thrown into a river 4 Plastic is a big threat to wildlife. And we have to reduce the overconsumption of life-threatening products to protect the endangered species. Prevent plastic items such as bags and containers. Shop in a handmade woven bag and recycle the boxes.
Spend time rescuing animals in your locality. As a volunteer, you can offer support to animal rescue teams in your area. 5 Spending a portion of your daily or weekly schedule is one step towards saving wildlife and protecting endangered species.
A．Change your regular routine.
B．Such organizations are always short of funds and are looking for animal lovers to support the cause.
C．So, we highly suggest careful use of water.
D．Drive carefully in forest areas.
E．Below are some simple ways in which we can all contribute towards the protection of endangered animals.
F．Also, familiarize people around you with the importance of the animals in your surroundings.
G．It is probably eaten by an adult turtle, choking it to death.
【答案】1. E 2. F 3. D 4. G 5. B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章倡议保护动物，指出它们应享有安全健康的生活，并列举了四种保护濒危动物的方法。
1. 上文“It is vital that we take action to protect animals.(我们采取行动保护动物是至关重要的)”指出保护动物的重要性，而下文四个段落则列举了一些保护濒危动物的具体方法。E选项“Below are some simple ways in which we can all contribute towards the protection of endangered animals.(下面是一些简单的方法，我们都可以用这些方法为保护濒危动物做出贡献)”承上启下，引出了下文关于如何保护动物的具体建议。故选E项。
2. 上文“You can create local community groups that work for this cause. Having seminars (研讨会) is another way of creating awareness. (你可以创建当地的社区团体，为这一目标而努力。举办研讨会是提高人们意识的另一种方式)”列举了两个提高人们保护濒危动物意识的方法，F选项“Also, familiarize people around you with the importance of the animals in your surroundings.(同时，让你周围的人熟悉你周围动物的重要性)”列举了第三个方法，与上文构成并列关系，同时句中“the animals in your surroundings”与下文“Our routine activities directly or indirectly influence their lifestyle.(我们的日常活动直接或间接地影响着他们的生活方式)”相照应。故选F项。
3. 设空句是段首主题句。下文“It is important to watch the road when you are going through roads in forest areas. Many animals die while trying to cross the road because people do not pay attention to them. So we can save their lives by being more careful.(当你穿过森林地区的道路时，注意路况是很重要的。许多动物在试图过马路时死亡，因为人们没有注意到它们。所以我们可以通过更加小心来挽救他们的生命)”建议在森林地区行驶时要小心，以免撞到动物，故D项“Drive carefully in forest areas.(在森林地区开车要小心)”是本段内容的概括，是最佳主题句。故选D项。
4. 上文“Do you know what happens to a plastic bag thrown into a river (你知道把塑料袋扔进河里会发生什么吗 )”抛出问题，G选项“It is probably eaten by an adult turtle, choking it to death.(它很可能被一只成年海龟吃掉，导致它窒息而死)”给出答案，说明塑料是野生动物的一大威胁，照应本段主题句“Avoid plastic items.(避免塑料制品)”。故选G项。
5. 上文“As a volunteer, you can offer support to animal rescue teams in your area.(作为志愿者，你可以为你所在地区的动物救援队提供支持)”提到“动物救援队”，B项“Such organizations are always short of funds and are looking for animal lovers to support the cause.(这些组织总是缺乏资金，正在寻找动物爱好者来支持这项事业)”承接上文，介绍这些动物保护组织的情况，句中“Such organizations”照应上文中“animal rescue teams”，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
Passage 5
（23-24高二下·广西河池·期末）How to Limit Your Environmental Impact While Travelling
Travelling unlocks a world of endless possibilities and adventures, allowing us to hike through breathtaking landscapes, encounter kangaroos and deer in their natural habitat, and witness the power of volcanoes. However, tourism can also be harmful to the environment. Increased plastic waste and noise pollution can damage ecosystems. 1 .
Try to travel by land instead of air.
2 , it is typically one of the most polluting forms of transport. Taking the train or driving in some countries may be better options. For example, if you’re heading to Las Vegas from Los Angeles, driving for around four hours emits (排放) around 75% less CO compared to the one-hour flight (provided you have several friends with you).
Be a responsible hotel guest.
A typical hotel uses about 73,000 gallons of water per year. Laundering towels (洗熨毛巾) is an energy-and-water-consuming process. 3 . By doing so, you’ll reduce your environmental impact.
Make the most of safe tap water (自来水).
Drinking tap water may come as a shock to many travellers. 4 , avoid bottled options. Not only are they more expensive, but they have a higher level of pollution compared to treated tap water. Instead, carry a bottle and refill it wherever you can.
5 . When visiting different destinations, we should recognize the importance of protecting the natural beauty. We mustn’t throw rubbish everywhere. And we should avoid activities that may harm wildlife. Additionally, supporting local conservation efforts, such as participating in community-led clean-up projects, can make a positive impact on the local environment.
A．Respect the local environment
B．Explore with big tour companies
C．While air travel can often be quicker
D．The airlines still have 2,100 new planes on order
E．But when you’re in countries where tap water is safe to consume
F．Thankfully, there are ways to limit our impact on the environment
G．Thus many hotels often put up signs asking you to re-use your towels
【答案】1. F 2. C 3. G 4. E 5. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何进行环保的旅行提出了一些建议。
1. 根据标题“How to Limit Your Environmental Impact While Travelling(如何限制旅行对环境的影响)”和前文“However, tourism can also be harmful to the environment. Increased plastic waste and noise pollution can damage ecosystems. (然而，旅游业也可能对环境有害。塑料垃圾和噪音污染的增加会破坏生态系统。)”可知，接下来将介绍一些可以减少我们旅行时对环境减少影响的方法，与F项“Thankfully, there are ways to limit our impact on the environment (值得庆幸的是，有一些方法可以限制我们对环境的影响)”上下文一致，符合文意，承上启下，故选F项。
2. 根据标题“Try to travel by land instead of air.(尝试通过陆路而不是空中旅行)”可知本段将讲述空中旅行对环境的影响，与C项“While air travel can often be quicker (虽然航空旅行通常可以更快)”上下文一致，引出下文“it is typically one of the most polluting forms of transport(它通常是污染最严重的交通方式之一)”讲其对环境产生的不利影响。故选C项。
3. 根据前文“A typical hotel uses about 73,000 gallons of water per year. Laundering towels(洗熨毛巾) is an energy-and-water-consuming process. (一家典型的酒店每年使用约73,000加仑的水。洗熨毛巾是一个耗能耗水的过程。)”可知，旅行时酒店毛巾也会对环境产生影响，可以重复使用来减少对环境的影响，与G项“Thus many hotels often put up signs asking you to re-use your towels (因此，许多酒店经常张贴标志，要求你重复使用毛巾)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选G项。
4. 根据标题“Make the most of safe tap water(充分利用安全的自来水)”及下文“avoid bottled options. (避免使用瓶装水)”可知，在自来水可以安全饮用的地方应避免使用瓶装水，与E项“But when you’re in countries where tap water is safe to consume (但是，当你在自来水可以安全饮用的国家/地区时)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选E项。
5. 根据下文“When visiting different destinations, we should recognize the importance of protecting the natural beauty. (在访问不同的目的地时，我们应该认识到保护自然美景的重要性。)”可知，在去不同的地方时，应该尊重当地的环境，与A项“Respect the local environment (尊重当地环境)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选A项。
二、 进阶练习
Passage 6
（23-24高二下·河北邯郸·期末）With busy schedules, we can often forget about ways to stay sustainable on campus. 1 So, here are some easy tips to be more eco-friendly on campus.
2 Whenever you head to stores or supermarkets, you will find that they sell reusable bags. But you are recommended to bring the ones you already own in your dorm, because it can help reduce the amount of bags accumulating in the corner of your dorm.
Bring a reusable water bottle. If you are someone who likes to drink water with your meal, consider bringing a reusable water bottle to the dining halls. All of the vending machines come, equipped with a little sign. 3 However, the Earth says otherwise with all of those non-biodegradable plastic cups filling landfills.
Take the stairs as much as possible. If you find yourself able to, take the stairs to your classroom and dorm. Not only does taking the stairs allow for some minimal yet mighty exercise, but it also reduces energy use from the elevator. 4
Turn off the lights in time. 5 Although you wake up too late, and you are in a rush to get to your class in the early morning, don’t mind taking that extra second to press the switch. Every time you turn off the lights, it means something to the Earth.
A．It says not to bring personal bottles.
B．Use one of the eco-friendly bags you have.
C．It is of great importance to conserve energy.
D．Purchase some reusable bags whenever possible.
E．Besides, we don’t know how to reduce our waste in many cases.
F．It allows others who need it more to get to their classes on time.
G．The reusable glass bottles can be used to hold some plants and flowers.
【答案】1. E 2. B 3. A 4. F 5. C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一些在校园里可以更加环保的建议。
1. 上文“With busy schedules, we can often forget about ways to stay sustainable on campus.(由于日程繁忙，我们经常会忘记如何在校园里保持可持续发展)”说明在校园里，我们经常会忘记可持续发展，E项“此外，在许多情况下，我们不知道如何减少浪费。”承接上文，说明除此之外，我们也有很多情况不知道如何减少浪费，并引出下文介绍保持可持续发展、在校园里更环保的建议，符合题意。故选E。
2. 下文“Whenever you head to stores or supermarkets, you will find that they sell reusable bags. But you are recommended to bring the ones you already own in your dorm, because it can help reduce the amount of bags accumulating in the corner of your dorm.(每当你去商店或超市时，你会发现他们出售可重复使用的袋子。但建议你带上宿舍里已经有的袋子，因为这有助于减少宿舍角落里堆积的袋子数量)”说明本段介绍的建议是使用自己已经有的袋子，以减少使用的袋子数量，B项“使用你的环保袋。”引出下文内容，适合作为段落标题句。故选B。
3. 上文“All of the vending machines come, equipped with a little sign.(所有的自动售货机都来了，都配备了一个小标志)”以及下文“However, the Earth says otherwise with all of those non-biodegradable plastic cups filling landfills.(然而，地球上却没有这么说，所有那些不可生物降解的塑料杯都填满了垃圾填埋场)”说明自动售货机都配备小标志，但是不可生物降解的塑料杯却变得非常多，填满了垃圾填埋场，A项中It指代上文的a little sign，A项“上面写着不要带私人瓶子。”承上启下，符合题意。故选A。
4. 上文“Not only does taking the stairs allow for some minimal yet mighty exercise, but it also reduces energy use from the elevator.(走楼梯不仅可以进行一些最小但有力的锻炼，而且还可以减少电梯的能量消耗)”说明走楼梯的好处，F项“它让其他更需要它的人能够按时上课。”继续介绍不坐电梯、走楼梯的好处，与上文内容并列，符合题意。故选F。
5. 上文“Turn off the lights in time.(及时关灯)”说明本段介绍的建议是及时关灯，以及下文“Every time you turn off the lights, it means something to the Earth.(每次你把灯关掉，对地球都有意义)”说明及时关灯的益处，C项“节约能源非常重要。”承接上文，并引出下文关灯的益处的介绍，符合题意。故选C。
Passage 7
（23-24高二下·江苏泰州·期末）The importance of learning outside goes beyond fresh air and fun. Spending time outdoors can expose kids to the concept of climate change. Here are some tips.
●Keep a climate journal. You can explain to your children that climate is a pattern of weather. 1 However, in recent years, extreme weather like storms and abnormal temperatures has occurred frequently. Have them keep a weather journal to get a sense of the climate.
● 2 Kids can help take care of plants, like vegetables or plants in a garden. Growing and looking after plants helps children understand that people have a role to play in helping living things meet their needs. Make connections between climate change and the needs of plants.
●Play some games. Encourage your children to head outside for a few rounds of nature scavenger hunt (寻物游戏) , where you give them a list of items to find, like sticks, colorful leaves and rocks. It is also a good choice to play “I Spy”, which gets them to associate words with the natural world. 3
●Build an outdoor tool set. Put together an outdoor tool set with a magnifying glass (放大镜), a telescope and a container. 4 Then, try starting with something they are interested in, such as building a mini park or collecting natural items.
●Walk and talk. Go on walks with your kids frequently. Along the way observe and discuss how other members of the community are helping the environment. 5 Over time, under the guidance of parents, kids will grow into adults who care about the environment.
A．Get in the dirt.
B．It used to be more stable.
C．Observe the plants around.
D．These tools allow kids to survive in the wild.
E．Language enables kids to better connect to their environment.
F．These tools can help kids find and collect natural samples and play freely.
G．Putting these conversations into daily life keeps kids aware of climate change.
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. E 4. F 5. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何帮助孩子们在户外了解气候变化的知识。
1. 空前“You can explain to your children that climate is a pattern of weather.(你可以向你的孩子解释气候是一种天气模式。)”提到可以向孩子解释气候是一种天气模式，接下来应该描述气候的特性，再结合空后“However, in recent years, extreme weather like storms and abnormal temperatures has occurred frequently.(然而，近年来，像风暴和异常气温这样的极端天气频繁发生。)”可知，前后之间是转折关系，空处应讲述的是气候曾经很稳定，选项B“它过去更稳定。”符合题意。故选B。
2. 空处是本段主旨句，结合上下文可知，这里应为祈使句。根据下文中的“Kids can help take care of plants, like vegetables or plants in a garden. Growing and looking after plants helps children understand that people have a role to play in helping living things meet their needs.(孩子们可以帮助照顾植物，比如蔬菜或花园里的植物。种植和照顾植物有助于孩子们理解人在帮助生物满足需求方面可以发挥作用。)”可知，本段主要建议可以种植和照顾植物，选项A“钻进泥土。”非常贴切。故选A。
3. 空前“It is also a good choice to play “I Spy”, which gets them to associate words with the natural world.(玩“我发现”也是一个很好的选择，使他们将文字与自然世界联系起来。)”讲述了“I Spy”这个游戏可以将文字与自然世界联系起来，空处应进一步强调语言在连接孩子与自然环境中的作用，选项E“语言使孩子们能够更好地与环境建立联系。”符合题意。故选E。
4. 空前“Put together an outdoor tool set with a magnifying glass(放大镜), a telescope and a container.(把一套带放大镜、望远镜和容器的户外工具放在一起。)”讲述了准备一套户外工具，空处应讲述这些工具的作用，选项F“这些工具可以帮助孩子们找到和收集自然样本，并自由玩耍。”符合题意，且与空后“Then, try starting with something they are interested in, such as building a mini park or collecting natural items.(然后，试着从他们感兴趣的事情开始，比如建一个迷你公园或收集自然物品。)”照应。故选F。
5. 根据空前“Walk and talk. Go on walks with your kids frequently. Along the way observe and discuss how other members of the community are helping the environment.(散步和交谈。经常和孩子一起散步。一路上观察和讨论社区的其他成员是如何帮助环境的。)”可知，空处应讲述和孩子边散步边谈话的作用，选项G“将这些对话融入日常生活可以让孩子们了解气候变化。”符合题意。故选G。
Passage 8
（23-24高二下·辽宁锦州·期末）Many scientists and marine biologists are quite worried about the state of coral reefs around the globe. They have been experiencing “bleaching” (白化) which is a process that involves the slow starvation and eventual death of coral reefs. 1 This has huge effects on the organisms that rely on the coral reefs in the ocean and us humans.
2 In the Turks and Caicos Islands, it has been reported that the coral reefs have been relatively untouched by the bleaching events. Even more surprising is the news that even the ones affected have recovered very well.
The problem is caused by many reasons. Pollution, introduced species, over-fishing, and over-tourism have all contributed to the issue. 3 Since the 1970’s, about 80% of the coral reefs in the Caribbean have died out.
An organization has taken steps to help out. They asked divers to observe over 100 reef sites off the South Caicos Island and set up a database. After scanning the data, they found surprising results. 4 But other corals did suffer bleaching. But they quickly rebounded to normal within months of the irregularly high thermal stress (热应力).
Two years later, when the same corals were observed, they were even more colored. 5 There were theories that Hurricanes Irma and Maria helped, as they resulted in much less tourism and thus decreased damage to the surrounding ecosystems.
Experts are continuing to observe the phenomenon to see if there is anything going on that can help save other reefs.
A．It meant their health improved.
B．So they are dying out at alarming rates.
C．Many coral reefs can survive bleaching.
D．Some corals proved no significant bleaching.
E．The worst of bleaching events took place in 2017.
F．But the coral reefs are doing surprisingly well in one region.
G．The warming temperatures of the oceans have also caused great harm.
【答案】1. B 2. F 3. G 4. D 5. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讨论了全球珊瑚礁白化现象的严峻问题及其成因。
1. 根据上文“They have been experiencing “bleaching”(白化)which is a process that involves the slow starvation and eventual death of coral reefs. (他们一直在经历“白化”，这是一个涉及珊瑚礁缓慢饥饿和最终死亡的过程。)”可知，珊瑚正在死亡，与B项“So they are dying out at alarming rates. (因此，它们正在以惊人的速度消亡。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选B项。
2. 根据下文“In the Turks and Caicos Islands, it has been reported that the coral reefs have been relatively untouched by the bleaching events. (据报道，在特克斯和凯科斯群岛，珊瑚礁相对没有受到白化事件的影响。)”可知，在特克斯和凯科斯群岛珊瑚礁与其他地方的不同，空处与上文为转折关系，与F项“But the coral reefs are doing surprisingly well in one region. (但是，在一个地区，珊瑚礁的表现令人惊讶。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选F项。
3. 根据上文“The problem is caused by many reasons. Pollution, introduced species, over-fishing, and over-tourism have all contributed to the issue. (该问题是由许多原因引起的。污染、引进物种、过度捕捞和过度旅游都加剧了这个问题。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是珊瑚礁死亡的因素，与G项“The warming temperatures of the oceans have also caused great harm. (海洋温度上升也造成了巨大的伤害。)”上下文一致，符合文意。故选G项。
4. 根据下文“But other corals did suffer bleaching. (但其他珊瑚确实遭受了白化。)”可知，一些珊瑚礁没有白化现象，与D项“Some corals proved no significant bleaching. (一些珊瑚被证明没有明显的白化。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选D项。
5. 根据上文“Two years later, when the same corals were observed, they were even more colored. (两年后，当观察到相同的珊瑚时，它们的颜色更加丰富。)”可知，珊瑚礁的健康状况有所好转，与A项“It meant their health improved. (这意味着他们的健康状况有所改善。)”上下文一致，符合文意，故选A项。
Passage 9
（23-24高二下·河北保定·期末）Embracing a Green Lifestyle
Living a green lifestyle is not only beneficial for the environment but also for your health and wallet. Here are some steps to embrace a green lifestyle.
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. 1 These three simple words can make a big difference in your daily life. Whether it’s using a reusable water bottle or shopping bag, these small actions can reduce waste and pollution.
Conserve water and electricity. Be mindful of your water and electricity usage. 2 Simple habits like turning off the tap while brushing your teeth or switching off lights when not in use can save a lot of energy.
3 When shopping, opt for products that are made from sustainable materials and have minimal packaging. Remember to check the labels for certifications that indicate eco-friendliness. This not only helps to reduce waste but also supports companies that are committed to environmental protection.
Grow your own food. Planting a small vegetable garden or even a few herbs in pots can be a rewarding experience. 4 It’s a great way to ensure you’re eating fresh and healthy food while also reducing your carbon footprint.
Use public transportation, carpool, or bike. Instead of driving alone, consider using public transportation, carpooling, or biking to work or school. 5 This can significantly reduce your carbon emissions and improve air quality.
A．Choose eco-friendly products.
B．This is the essence of a green lifestyle.
C．It’s easy to get started with these practices.
D．Try to minimize the use of single-use items.
E．Small changes can make a big impact on the environment.
F．Make sure to choose products that are made by local companies.
G．This can also be a fun and educational activity for the whole family.
【答案】1. B 2. E 3. A 4. G 5. C
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种拥抱绿色生活方式的步骤。
1. 根据上文“Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. (减少，再利用，再循环。)”以及下文“These three simple words can make a big difference in your daily life. (这三个简单的单词可以给你的日常生活带来很大的不同。)”可知，空格处应该进一步说明“减少，再利用，再循环”对于绿色生活的影响。B. This is the essence of a green lifestyle. (这是绿色生活方式的精髓。)This指的是“减少，再利用，再循环。”能够承接上文，且引出下文。故选B。
2. 根据下文“Simple habits like turning off the tap while brushing your teeth or switching off lights when not in use can save a lot of energy. (一些简单的习惯，比如刷牙时关掉水龙头，或者不用的时候关灯，都可以节省很多能源。)”可知，空格处需要总的说明一些简单的习惯对于绿色生活的影响。选项E. Small changes can make a big impact on the environment. (微小的改变可以对环境产生巨大的影响。)中的Small changes与下文的Simple habits相呼应，a big impact与save a lot of energy相呼应；所以选项E能够引出下文。故选E。
3. 根据下文“When shopping, opt for products that are made from sustainable materials and have minimal packaging. (购物时，选择由可持续材料制成的产品，并尽量减少包装。)”可知，空格处应该总的说明选择环保的产品。选项A. Choose eco-friendly products. (选择环保产品。)中的Choose与opt相呼应，选项A可以作为本段的主题句。故选A。
4. 根据上文“Planting a small vegetable garden or even a few herbs in pots can be a rewarding experience. (种植一个小菜园，甚至在花盆里种植一些草药都是一种有益的经历。)”以及下文“It’s a great way to ensure you’re eating fresh and healthy food while also reducing your carbon footprint. (这是一个确保你吃到新鲜健康食物的好方法，同时也减少了你的碳足迹。)”可知，空格处需要进一步说明“种植一个小菜园的好处”。选项G. This can also be a fun and educational activity for the whole family. (对于整个家庭来说，这也是一个有趣和有教育意义的活动。)中的This指的是“Planting a small vegetable garden or even a few herbs in pots”承接上文；呼应下文中的it；所以能够承上启下。故选G。
5. 根据上文“Use public transportation, carpool, or bike. Instead of driving alone, consider using public transportation, carpooling, or biking to work or school. (使用公共交通工具，拼车或骑自行车。与其独自开车，不如考虑乘坐公共交通工具、拼车或骑自行车去上班或上学。)”以及下文“This can significantly reduce your carbon emissions and improve air quality. (这可以显著减少碳排放，改善空气质量。)”可知，空格处说明的是“使用交通工具”。选项C. It’s easy to get started with these practices. (开始这些很容易。)中these practice承接上文中的“using public transportation”，呼应下文中的This，所以能够承上启下。故选C。
Passage 10
（23-24高二下·河南濮阳·期中）“Leave no track” is popular among many campers who are concerned about our environment and favor sustainable (可持续的) travel. Its goal is simple; to minimize human-created impacts on the natural world. 1
Reject plastic and paper. First and foremost, one of the easiest ways to reduce the impact of camping on the planet is to go plastic and paper-free. Instead of single-use plastics and paper plates, choose bamboo or other recyclable camping dinnerware and food packages. 2
Rent or buy a used tent. Instead of brand-new equipment, consider renting camping equipment instead. Outdoor retail (零售) brands like REI offer a wide variety of camping products to rent, including tents. 3 For those keen on purchasing something new, try brands like Patagonia that put sustainability first to reduce waste and support eco-friendly practices.
4 In addition to eco-friendly tents, it’s good to ensure that other camping essentials, from hiking shoes and sleeping bags to clothing and blankets, are also gentle on the environment. And remember, whatever is packed in should also be packed out.
Only camp in designated (指定的) camping areas. 5 However, developed campgrounds, which are specifically designated for camping, are usually available by reservation and don’t require campers to walk wearily into the wilderness to clear space to set up a tent. Designated camping spots usually have other advantages like bathrooms, showers, picnic tables, and more.
A．Pack with the planet in mind.
B．Sort out what you really need when camping.
C．They even carry other outdoor essentials for rent.
D．Learn how to sustainably upgrade the summer camping here.
E．Campers can also buy reusable paper towels in order to genuinely leave no track.
F．Eco-friendly campers can learn how to update their skills with these simple tips.
G．Although backpacking off the beaten path sounds fascinating, it may not be eco-friendly.
【答案】1. D 2. E 3. C 4. A 5. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四种让露营更环保的方法。
1. 根据上文““Leave no track” is popular among many campers who are concerned about our environment and favor sustainable travel. Its goal is simple; to minimize human-created impacts on the natural world.(“不留痕迹”在许多关心环境和支持可持续旅行的露营者中很受欢迎。它的目标很简单；尽量减少人为对自然界的影响。)”和下文中介绍的四种让露营更环保的方法可知，文章为总分结构，D项：Learn how to sustainably upgrade the summer camping here.(在这里学习如何可持续地升级夏季露营。) 是文章主题句，总领下文具体内容，符合语境。故选D。
2. 根据本段主旨句“Reject plastic and paper.(拒绝塑料和纸。)”可知，该段主要建议拒绝塑料和纸张。E项中的“reusable paper”和主旨句中的“paper”对应。E项：Campers can also buy reusable paper towels in order to genuinely leave no track.(露营者也可以购买可重复使用的纸巾，这样才不会留下任何痕迹。)符合语境。故选E。
3. 根据上文“Outdoor retail (零售) brands like REI offer a wide variety of camping products to rent, including tents.(像REI这样的户外零售品牌提供各种各样的露营产品出租，包括帐篷。)”可知，上文提到，REI等户外零售品牌提供包括帐篷在内的各种露营产品的租赁服务。由此可知，C项：They even carry other outdoor essentials for rent.(他们甚至携带其他户外必需品以供出租。)可承接上文，其中的“They”指代上文中的“Outdoor retail brands”。故选C。
4. 空处为段落主旨句。通读全段尤其是最后一句“And remember, whatever is packed in should also be packed out.(记住，装进去的东西也要打包出去。)”可知，本段建议打包东西露营时把对地球的影响考虑在内。A项：Pack with the planet in mind.(打包时要考虑到地球。)符合语境。故选A。
5. 根据本段的主旨句“Only camp in designated camping areas.(只能在指定的露营区露营。)”可知，本段主要建议只在指定的露营区露营。空后的句子都与“露营区”相关。G项：Although backpacking off the beaten path sounds fascinating, it may not be eco-friendly.(尽管在人迹罕至的地方背包旅行听起来很吸引人，但这可能并不环保。)符合语境。故选G。
三、 高阶提升
Passage 11
（23-24高二下·陕西渭南·期末）Saving the environment might seem like a tall order, but living an environmentally friendly life is actually quite easy. With just a few small lifestyle changes, you can make a difference. 1
Recycle.
Recycling is a simplest lifestyle to lower the amount of environmental waste. 2 Check the regulations to ensure you use them properly. For instance, some places may no: accept glass, while others might require you to separate the different materials. If you dispose of something improperly, the whole load will likely be rejected and end up in a landfill.
Buy locally sourced foods.
3 Shipping products by truck, rail, flight, or boat creates pollution and goes against an environmentally friendly lifestyle. Instead, shop at local farmers’ markets and grocery stores stocking locally - sourced products. Alternatively, use community - supported services to get fresh produce regularly.
Cut back on driving.
Applying alternate forms of transportation consumes less gasoline. Walk or ride a bike whenever possible. If that isn’t an option, consider organizing carpools or using public transportation. 4 Also, combine multiple trips into one to help minimize the distance traveled and fuel consumed.
5
Advocacy allows more people to create a positive impact. Spread the word about environmental conservation by sharing some of the lifestyle changes you’ve made on social media and in conversations with people around, calling on everybody to play a role.
A．Cut back your carbon footprint.
B．Encourage others to help save the environment.
C．By doing this, you help reduce traffic jams and the overall amount of gasoline consumption.
D．Every resident can get involved by taking advantage of nearby recycling services.
E．The topic of preserving natural resources entertains everyone.
F．Eating fresh, local food consumes less fuel and packaging materials.
G．Read on for some practical tips on how a single individual can help save the environment.
【答案】1. G 2. D 3. F 4. C 5. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就个人如何帮助拯救环境提出了一些建议。
1. 根据上文“Saving the environment might seem like a tall order, but living an environmentally friendly life is actually quite easy. With just a few small lifestyle changes, you can make a difference.(拯救环境似乎是一项艰巨的任务，但过一种环保的生活其实很容易。只要改变一些小的生活方式，你就能有所作为)”结合后文主要提出了一些环境保护的建议。故G选项“继续读下去，你会得到一些关于个人如何帮助拯救环境的实用建议。”符合语境，故选G。
2. 根据后文“Check the regulations to ensure you use them properly. For instance, some places may no: accept glass, while others might require you to separate the different materials. If you dispose of something improperly, the whole load will likely be rejected and end up in a landfill.(检查规则，确保你正确使用它们。例如，有些地方可能不接受玻璃，而另一些地方可能要求你把不同的材料分开。如果你处理不当的东西，整个负载可能会被拒绝，并最终在垃圾填埋场)”可知，后文主要介绍了如何利用附近的回收服务。故D选项“每个居民都可以利用附近的回收服务”符合语境，故选D。
3. 根据标题“Buy locally sourced foods.(购买当地的食物)”以及后文“Shipping products by truck, rail, flight, or boat creates pollution and goes against an environmentally friendly lifestyle. Instead, shop at local farmers’ markets and grocery stores stocking locally - sourced products. Alternatively, use community - supported services to get fresh produce regularly. (通过卡车、铁路、飞机或船只运输产品会造成污染，违背环保的生活方式。相反，在当地的农贸市场和杂货店购买当地采购的产品。或者，使用社区支持的服务定期获取新鲜农产品)”可知，本段的主旨是吃当地的食物，F选项中local对应标题locally。故F选项“吃新鲜的当地食物消耗更少的燃料和包装材料”符合语境，故选F。
4. 根据上文“Applying alternate forms of transportation consumes less gasoline. Walk or ride a bike whenever possible. If that isn’t an option, consider organizing carpools or using public transportation.(采用替代的交通方式消耗较少的汽油。尽可能步行或骑自行车。如果没有办法，可以考虑拼车或使用公共交通工具)”可知，本句承接上文，说明选择拼车或公共交通的作用。故C选项“通过这样做，你可以帮助减少交通堵塞和汽油消耗总量”符合语境，故选C。
5. 根据本段内容“Advocacy allows more people to create a positive impact. Spread the word about environmental conservation by sharing some of the lifestyle changes you’ve made on social media and in conversations with people around, calling on everybody to play a role.(倡导让更多的人产生积极的影响。通过在社交媒体和与周围人的对话中分享你所做的一些生活方式的改变来传播环境保护的信息，呼吁每个人都发挥作用)”可知，本段的主旨是鼓励他人加入到保护环境活动中。故B选项“鼓励他人帮助拯救环境”符合语境，故选B。
Passage 12
（23-24高二下·浙江衢州·期末）No matter where you are on the planet, the effects of the climate crisis are vast and real. We know individual actions can only get us so far, and solving the issue of climate change is the job of governments. 1 Here are some tips for what we individuals can do to help work toward a more sustainable future.
Switch to climate friendly home appliances
By using home appliances and vehicles that run on electricity, we can help reduce our carbon footprint and leave more fossil fuels in the ground. Here are a few appliances to consider, such as clothing dryers with the “Energy Star” label and water heaters that use heat pump technology. 2 So don’t feel like you have to change out your appliances overnight. Instead, buy them as your existing machines wear out.
Eat less meat
Meat production is hard on the environment: It requires a lot of land to raise cattle —and globally, many forests are being cleared to make room for those animals. 3 If people could cut back their beef consumption, it could have a major impact on creating a more sustainable food system.
Freeze produce you can’t use right away
About 8% of greenhouse gas emissions come from wasted food, and roughly half of all food waste occurs during “the consumption stage”. One of the best tools to help reduce wasted food The freezer. If you’re not ready to use fresh fruit and vegetables right away, freeze them. 4
Cut back on plastic
The plastics problem is overwhelming. 5 Are you using a bottle of body wash Replace it with a bar of soap. Bring your own bags for groceries instead of packing your goods in plastic bags, or your favorite reusable cup to your local coffee shop.
A．This locks in flavor and nutrients.
B．But we also know that our decisions matter.
C．And cows themselves release a lot of methane.
D．That means we should not use the old appliances any more.
E．Making these upgrades to your home and lifestyle will cost money.
F．The most effective thing you can do is to figure out how much you use.
G．So governments should make policies to solve climate change problem.
【答案】1. B 2. E 3. C 4. A 5. F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍一些我们个人可以做些什么来帮助实现更可持续的未来的建议。
1. 由下文“Here are some tips for what we individuals can do to help work toward a more sustainable future.(以下是我们个人可以做些什么来帮助实现更可持续的未来的一些建议。)”可知，这里主要介绍我们个人能做什么来减少气候危机，而B项But we also know that our decisions matter.(但我们也知道，我们的决定很重要。)符合语境，其中our decisions matter与下文what we individuals can do to help对应，有启下作用。故选B项。
2. 由下文“So don’t feel like you have to change out your appliances overnight. Instead, buy them as your existing machines wear out.(所以，不要觉得你必须在一夜之间更换电器。相反，在现有机器磨损时购买它们。)”可知，这里指不要期待一次把所有电器换完，而E项Making these upgrades to your home and lifestyle will cost money.(对你的家和生活方式进行这些升级需要花钱。)符合语境，与下文构成因果关系，且these upgrades与上文clothing dryers和water heaters对应，所以有承上启下作用。故选E项。
3. 由上文“Meat production is hard on the environment: It requires a lot of land to raise cattle —and globally, many forests are being cleared to make room for those animals. (肉类生产对环境造成了很大的影响：它需要大量的土地来饲养牲畜——在全球范围内，许多森林正在被砍伐，为这些动物腾出空间。)”可知，这里主要讲肉类生产对环境造成了很大的影响。而C项And cows themselves release a lot of methane.(奶牛自身也会释放大量甲烷。)符合语境，其中cows与上文cattle对应，有承上作用。故选C项。
4. 由上文“One of the best tools to help reduce wasted food The freezer. If you’re not ready to use fresh fruit and vegetables right away, freeze them.(帮助减少浪费食物的最佳工具之一？冷冻室。如果你还没有准备好立即使用新鲜的水果和蔬菜，就把它们冷冻起来。)”可知，这里主要建议把多余的食物冷冻起来，而A项This locks in flavor and nutrients.(这锁住了味道和营养。)符合语境，其中this代指上文freeze them，有承上作用。故选A项。
5. 由下文“Are you using a bottle of body wash Replace it with a bar of soap. Bring your own bags for groceries instead of packing your goods in plastic bags, or your favorite reusable cup to your local coffee shop.(你在用一瓶沐浴露吗？换上一块肥皂。带上你自己的杂货袋，而不是用塑料袋来包装你的商品，或者带上你最喜欢的可重复使用的杯子去咖啡店。)”可知，这里主要讲通过自己的方式减少塑料使用。而F项The most effective thing you can do is to figure out how much you use.(你能做的最有效的事情就是弄清楚你用了多少。)符合语境，其中how much you use和后文举例减少使用塑料对应，有启下作用。故选F项。
Passage 13
（23-24高二下·广东清远·期中）If you’re looking for something fun to do, pack a picnic dinner and take your family or friends to a beautiful place to eat. However, there’s a wrong trend—viewing picnics as an excuse to transport food in single-use plastic containers. Sure, it means the clean-up is easy at the moment, but it just puts it off to a later point, when it takes the form of the volunteer clean-up and landfill management. 1 What follows is advice on how to pack such a picnic.
●Use food containers wisely
Using reusable containers is the easiest way to reduce waste. 2 For example, to reduce packaging, you can take along things like a loaf of bread, a whole watermelon, whole vegetables, a knife and a board to cut your food when you’re ready to eat. These things don’t have to be done and sealed before you leave the house.
● 3
Using washable dishes for a picnic does not require much more work than single-use ones. You’d have to carry the waste out anyway in a trash bag, so why not pack your dirty plates into a bag and put them in the dishwasher at home If you’re worried about breaking, take some solid camping plates.
●Think about the drinks
Forget the single-use, single-serve drink bottles. 4 Fill personal water bottles with water, juice or lemonade at pared with a single-use plastic cup, they have the added advantage of keeping your drinks cold for longer.
●Put cloth bags to good use
Cloth bags are amazing. I use them for so much more than just buying food at the store. They’re perfect for packing sandwiches, dried or fresh fruit, and other snack foods. You can use them to pack glasses or plates to prevent breaking. They can also work as a napkin, tea towel, or garbage bag if needed. 5
A．Clean up the waste
B．Avoid plastic plates
C．Be sure to add a few to your picnic basket.
D．There are some healthy dishes you can make or buy.
E．To prevent this, a plastic-free picnic can be a brilliant idea.
F．These create a huge amount of waste, which can be easily avoided.
G．In addition, keep in mind that you don’t have to pre-pack everything.
【答案】1. E 2. G 3. B 4. F 5. C
【导语】本文是说明文。文章讲述无塑料野餐，并给出了具体的建议。
1. 上文“Sure, it means the cleanup is easy at the moment, but it just puts it off to a later point, when it takes the form of volunteer cleanups and landfill management.(当然，这意味着目前的清理工作很容易，但这只是把它推迟到以后，那时候它表现为志愿清理和垃圾填埋场管理的形式。)”讲述这些一次性塑料容器最终被志愿者清理或者进入垃圾填埋场，下文“What follows is advice on how to pack such a picnic.( 以下是关于如何打包这样的野餐的建议。)”和下文对建议的具体解释可知，下文提出一些避免塑料垃圾的有效建议，E项“为了避免这种情况，无塑料野餐是一个不错的主意。”符合语境，承上启下。故选E。
2. 上文“Using reusable containers is the easiest way to reduce waste.(使用可重复使用的容器是减少浪费最简单的方法。)”讲述使用可重复的容器可以减少浪费，下文“For example, to reduce packaging, you can take along things like a loaf of bread(例如，为了减少包装，你可以随身携带一包面包之类的东西……)”讲述了几种减少包装的方法，G项中的“don’t have to pre-pack everything(不必提前打包)”与之呼应，因此推断G项“此外，请记住，你不必预先打包所有的东西。”符合语境，与上文是递进关系，故选G。
3. 下文“Using washable dishes for a picnic does not require much more work than single-use ones.(在野餐时使用可洗的盘子并不需要比一次性使用的盘子做更多的工作。)”可推断出本段主要讲的是塑料盘子并不比可洗的盘子方便，因此推断B项“避免使用塑料盘子。”符合语境，且形式上符合段落小标题的结构。故选B。
4. 上文“Forget the single-use, single-serve drink bottles.(忘记那些一次性使用、一次性服务的饮料瓶吧。)”说明不要使用一次性饮料瓶，下文“Fill a large thermos (保温瓶) or personal water bottles with water, juice or lemonade at pared with a single-use plastic cup, they have the added advantage of keeping your drinks colder for longer.(在家里把一个大保温瓶或个人水瓶装满水、果汁或柠檬水。与一次性塑料杯相比，它们还有一个额外的优势，可以让你的饮料保持更长时间的低温。)”建议使用大保温瓶和水瓶装饮料，F项中的“These create a huge amount of waste”是上文使用一次性饮料瓶的结果，下文的建议是对避免这种浪费的做法，因此推断F项“这些都造成大量的浪费，这是很容易避免的。”符合语境，承上启下，these指代上文提到的drink bottles。故选F。
5. 上文“They’re perfect for packing sandwiches, dried or whole fruit, and other snack foods. You can use them to pack glasses or plates to prevent breaking. They can also work as a napkin, tea towel, or trash bag if needed.( 它们非常适合包装三明治、干果或水果以及其他零食。你可以用它们来包装杯子或盘子，以防止破碎。如果需要的话，它们也可以用作餐巾、茶巾或垃圾袋。)”讲述了使用布袋的益处，因此推断携带几个布袋是必要的，C项“一定要在你的野餐篮子里加几个。”符合语境。故选C。
Passage 14
（23-24高二下·河南郑州·期中）Low-effort things you can do to live sustainably
You might think you need to change a lot of your daily habits to live sustainably but, in fact, becoming more eco-friendly is much easier than it might seem. Below are some easy steps towards becoming more sustainable.
Shop at farmer markets.
Getting your daily fruit and vegetables from a local farmer market is an easy way to reduce your carbon footprint while eating healthily. It cuts out lengthy stays of the products in refrigerated storage and up to thousands of miles of fossil-fueled transportation. 1
Practice meatless Mondays.
Global meat production is a big contributor to greenhouse gasses. 2 It isn’t necessary either. Many people reducing their meat consumption by a small amount would still have a great impact. According to a study, you could reduce your carbon footprint by as much as 8 pounds each week just by practicing meatless Mondays only.
Dispose of unused medications properly.
Flushing (冲) unused medications down the drain (下水道) can pollute water supplies affecting everything downstream. You shouldn’t throw medications away either as they can be dangerous for others to find. 3 Leftover medications can be chemically dealt with and disposed of in a safe and secure way there.
4
It is easy to understand that buying something used is more environmentally friendly than buying something new and clothes are no exception. 5 According to the United Nations, the fashion industry is responsible for 2% - 8% of global carbon emissions (排放量). Buying something used keeps things out of landfills and reduces demand for new items.
A．Shop second-hand.
B．Think twice before shopping.
C．A meatless diet can help prevent disease.
D．The best option is to take them to a collection site.
E．It is not practical to expect everyone to go vegetarian,
F．Additionally, less plastic in packaging reduces plastic waste.
G．The fast-fashion industry consumes considerable resources each year.
【答案】1. F 2. E 3. D 4. A 5. G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何做一些不费力的事情来可持续地生活。
1. 上文“Getting your daily fruit and vegetables from a local farmer market is an easy way to reduce your carbon footprint while eating healthily. It cuts out lengthy stays of the products in refrigerated storage and up to thousands of miles of fossil-fueled transportation.(从当地农贸市场购买日常水果和蔬菜是一种既能减少碳足迹又能吃得健康的简单方法。它减少了产品在冷藏库中的长时间停留，以及长达数千英里的化石燃料运输。)”说明了从当地农贸市场买水果蔬菜的好处，空格处应该继续说这么做的好处，F选项“Additionally, less plastic in packaging reduces plastic waste.(此外，包装中更少的塑料减少了塑料废物。)”说明包装中塑料的减少也减少了塑料废物，根据客观常识，当地农贸市场的蔬菜水果是没有多少塑料包装的，因此F选项承接上文，符合语境，故选F。
2. 空前“Global meat production is a big contributor to greenhouse gasses.(全球肉类生产是温室气体的一大排放源。)”说明了生产肉会产生温室气体，空后“Many people reducing their meat consumption by a small amount would still have a great impact.(许多人减少少量的肉类消费仍然会产生很大的影响。)”说明很多人减少少量的肉类消费仍然会产生很大的影响，由此可见，不一定需要所有人都不吃肉，E选项“It is not practical to expect everyone to go vegetarian,(期望每个人都吃素是不现实的，)”说明指望每个人都不吃肉是不现实的，和后文的“It isn’t necessary either.(这也没有必要。)”相呼应，因此E选项承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
3. 空前“Flushing (冲) unused medications down the drain (下水道) can pollute water supplies affecting everything downstream. You shouldn’t throw medications away either as they can be dangerous for others to find.(将未使用的药物冲入下水道会污染供水，影响下游的一切。你也不应该把药物扔掉，因为别人发现它们可能很危险。)”说明不应该把未使用的药扔掉，空后“Leftover medications can be chemically dealt with and disposed of in a safe and secure way there.(剩下的药物可以在那里以安全可靠的方式进行化学处理和处置。)”提到了一个地方，空格处应该说要在某个地方放这些未使用的药，D选项“The best option is to take them to a collection site.(最好的选择是把它们带到一个收集点。)”说明要把未使用的药放在一个收集点，因此D选项承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
4. 空格处是本段小标题，由空后的“It is easy to understand that buying something used is more environmentally friendly than buying something new and clothes are no exception.(很容易理解，买旧的东西比买新的东西更环保，衣服也不例外。)”说明要买二手的旧的东西，A选项“Shop second-hand.(买二手的东西。)”说明了要买二手的东西，概括了本段内容，可作为小标题，故选A。
5. 空前“It is easy to understand that buying something used is more environmentally friendly than buying something new and clothes are no exception.(很容易理解，买旧的东西比买新的东西更环保，衣服也不例外。)”说明买二手衣服是更环保的，空后“According to the United Nations, the fashion industry is responsible for 2% - 8% of global carbon emissions (排放量).(据联合国统计，时尚产业的碳排放量占全球的2% - 8%。)”说明了时尚产业的碳排放量占全球的2% - 8%，空格处应该说时尚产业相关的内容，G选项“The fast-fashion industry consumes considerable resources each year.(快时尚产业每年消耗相当多的资源。)”说明了快时尚产业每年要消耗相当多的资源，是有关时尚产业的，因此G选项承上启下，符合语境，故选G。
Passage 15
（23-24高二下·湖南郴州·期末）Whether it’s gas, food, clothing, cars, furniture, water, toys, electronics or other goods, we are all consumers. The key is not to stop consuming, but to start being mindful of our consumption habits and how each purchase or action affects the ecosystem. 1 .
Consume less
Limiting consumption can have a huge impact on the environment. The three “Rs” — reduce, reuse and recycle — get a lot of attention. However, the planet could benefit from some focus on the most important and most underrepresented “R”: refuse. When you refuse, you say “no”, which is not always easy. 2 , think about whether it would truly improve your life. If not, it’s OK to just say, “No, thanks! ”
Walk, bike or carpool
According to the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), a typical passenger vehicle emits about 4. 6 metric tons of carbon dioxide per year. Any amount of that we can cut back on will help. 3 . If travelling on foot or two wheels isn’t feasible (可行的), try carpooling with a friend, neighbor or coworker to a mutual destination.
4
Get creative with your useless or unwanted items by upcycling — basically, turning trash into treasure. Creating something new such as artwork, toys or jewelry is both satisfying and one of the best ways to protect the environment. Not only does it keep items out of the trash, it can prevent having to purchase new items, which require lots of resources to produce. Children love making things; so instead of heading to the craft store, check out your recycle bin first and let their imaginations soar!
Use your purchasing power for good
The positive thing about being a consumer is that we have the power to choose where we spend our hard-earned dollars. 5 . Spend it wisely on goods, services and experiences that leave a smaller carbon footprint. Choose to do business with companies that support sustainability efforts, utilize renewable energy sources and walk the walk when it comes to protecting the environment.
A．Upcycle more
B．Recycle properly
C．If you want to consume less or recycle a used item
D．Here are several ways you can start to protect the environment
E．Think of your money as your voice and your vote for a clea七选五 人教版选择性必修三 题型特训
Unit 3 Environmental Protection
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5
二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10
三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15
一、 初阶练手
Passage 1
（23-24高二下·重庆·期末）Every living thing depends on the ocean. So when we hear the ocean is in trouble from the effects of overfishing, climate change, and pollution, it’s easy to feel powerless. 1 But there are plenty of action s you can take that will make a big difference for the ocean.
2
The more you learn about the ocean, the better prepared you’ll be to inspire change and help others do the same. Thankfully, there are many ways to educate yourself about the ocean and the challenges it faces, from books and documentaries to websites, museums, art exhibits, and more.
Check the label
Help keep fisheries healthy by choosing sustainable seafood when you grocery shop or dine out. 3 Look for the Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) and Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC) labels. Their blue and green fish logos (标识) on your seafood ensure your fish can be traced back to sustainably-managed fisheries and farms.
Reduce your carbon emissions
4 Decrease the effects of climate change on the ocean by cutting your carbon footprint at home: turn off lights when you’re not using them, walk or ride your bike to work, and demand renewable energy options in your community.
Travel smarter
Consider booking your next trip through a responsible travel company that’s committed to protecting wildlife and using guides who are aware of rules and best practices. Once you arrive at your destination, be respectful of marine life and habitats. And be careful about your purchases. 5
A．Increase your ocean IQ.
B．Skip the single-use plastics.
C．What should be done to travel responsibly
D．What’s the easiest way to make sure your seafood is sustainable
E．Many of these issues will require leadership from governments and businesses.
F．In the last decades, the ocean has absorbed 90% of the extra heat created by burning fossil fuels.
G．Purchasing items like shark products damages delicate ecosystems and threatens endangered species.
Passage 2
（23-24高二下·北京·阶段练习）The War Against Sand
Imagine living on the edge of a vast desert, which is moving quietly closer to your village every day and covering your fields. The desert is on the move. This is called desertification.
Desertification occurs in regions close to an already existing desert. 1 The first is over-use of water in the area. There is not enough water in any case, and if it is not carefully used, disaster can follow. As time goes on, water shortages make farming more and more difficult. In some places, locals can remember local lakes and marshes which were once the homes for all kinds of fish and birds. 2 Farmers leave the land, and fields are replaced by deserts.
The second cause is misuse or over-use of the land. 3 Ploughing (耕) large fields and removing bushes and trees means that the wind will blow away the soil. Once the soil is lost, it is hard to replace, and if there is rain, it has nowhere to go, and brings no benefit.
4 Every spring, the skies over some of eastern cities, thousands of kilometers away from the deserts, can be darkened by sandstorms. Dust from deserts can have a great effect on weather systems. While desertification is perhaps being partly caused by global warming, these sandstorms can make global warming worse by adding to what is known as the greenhouse effect.
What can be done to slow down or stop the process of desertification A great deal of work is already under way. Obviously first steps are to find new water sources. 5 Some types of grass also hold the soil together, and stop the wind taking it. Without these efforts, it will be harder and harder to stop the world’s deserts in their tracks, and more and more farmers will give up and head for cities. The lesson to be learnt lies beneath the sand.
A．It generally arises from two related causes.
B．It is not only the farmers and villagers who suffer.
C．They have been completely buried by the sand now.
D．Scientists are doing the research on the cause of desertification.
E．They destroy the land as the soil dries out and is then blown away.
F．Tree planting can help, by providing barriers between desert and rich field.
G．This means that the wrong crops are planted, and need more water than is available.
Passage 3
（23-24高二下·全国·期末）World Environment Day, celebrated annually on June 5th, is a global event that encourages action for the protection of our environment. Established by the United Nations in1974, it has become a platform for the public in over 100 countries. 1 Here are four simple ways you can care for your environment.
●Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
The principle “reduce, reuse, recycle” is important. 2 Reduce: Be mindful of your consumption. Use products with minimal packaging and consider if you truly need that new item. Reuse: Think of creative ways to repurpose items. Recycle: Make sure to recycle paper, plastics, metals, and electronics.
●Conserve water
Water is a precious resource, and conserving it helps ensure its availability for future generations. A dripping faucet can waste gallons of water over time so ensure all taps, pipes, and toilets are leak-free. 3
●Choose sustainable transportation
Transportation is a significant source of greenhouse gases. Opting for more sustainable modes of transport can make a big difference. 4 Also consider buses, trains, or carpooling to reduce the vehicles on the road. Consider investing in an electric vehicle, which has a lower environmental impact compared to traditional cars.
● 5
This step helps reduce your carbon footprint and promotes sustainable agriculture. Local products travel shorter distances to reach you, reducing transportation emissions. Plus, organic farming practices reduce the use of pesticides and fertilizers, promoting soil health.
Small, consistent actions can lead to significant benefits. Remember, every action counts ,and together we can create a more sustainable future.
A．Support local and organic products
B．For short distances, consider walking or cycling.
C．Improve air quality and provide habitats for wildlife.
D．This year, we focus on everyday steps that anyone can take.
E．Use water-efficient appliances, for example, low-flow shower heads.
F．It reminds us of the reasoning behind minimizing waste and conserving resources.
G．They include these simple practices into your daily life and contribute to our planet.
Passage 4
（23-24高二下·陕西渭南·阶段练习）Animals deserve to live a safe and healthy life as much as humans do. Sadly, this does not have universal acceptance. Some people try to get profit from everything and sometimes animals become victims. It is vital that we take action to protect animals. 1
Spread awareness. One way to protect endangered animals is to create awareness about them. You can create local community groups that work for this cause. Having seminars (研讨会) is another way of creating awareness. 2 Our routine activities directly or indirectly influence their lifestyle.
3 It is important to watch the road when you are going through roads in forest areas. Many animals die while trying to cross the road because people do not pay attention to them. So we can save their lives by being more careful.
Avoid plastic items. Do you know what happens to a plastic bag thrown into a river 4 Plastic is a big threat to wildlife. And we have to reduce the overconsumption of life-threatening products to protect the endangered species. Prevent plastic items such as bags and containers. Shop in a handmade woven bag and recycle the boxes.
Spend time rescuing animals in your locality. As a volunteer, you can offer support to animal rescue teams in your area. 5 Spending a portion of your daily or weekly schedule is one step towards saving wildlife and protecting endangered species.
A．Change your regular routine.
B．Such organizations are always short of funds and are looking for animal lovers to support the cause.
C．So, we highly suggest careful use of water.
D．Drive carefully in forest areas.
E．Below are some simple ways in which we can all contribute towards the protection of endangered animals.
F．Also, familiarize people around you with the importance of the animals in your surroundings.
G．It is probably eaten by an adult turtle, choking it to death.
Passage 5
（23-24高二下·广西河池·期末）How to Limit Your Environmental Impact While Travelling
Travelling unlocks a world of endless possibilities and adventures, allowing us to hike through breathtaking landscapes, encounter kangaroos and deer in their natural habitat, and witness the power of volcanoes. However, tourism can also be harmful to the environment. Increased plastic waste and noise pollution can damage ecosystems. 1 .
Try to travel by land instead of air.
2 , it is typically one of the most polluting forms of transport. Taking the train or driving in some countries may be better options. For example, if you’re heading to Las Vegas from Los Angeles, driving for around four hours emits (排放) around 75% less CO compared to the one-hour flight (provided you have several friends with you).
Be a responsible hotel guest.
A typical hotel uses about 73,000 gallons of water per year. Laundering towels (洗熨毛巾) is an energy-and-water-consuming process. 3 . By doing so, you’ll reduce your environmental impact.
Make the most of safe tap water (自来水).
Drinking tap water may come as a shock to many travellers. 4 , avoid bottled options. Not only are they more expensive, but they have a higher level of pollution compared to treated tap water. Instead, carry a bottle and refill it wherever you can.
5 . When visiting different destinations, we should recognize the importance of protecting the natural beauty. We mustn’t throw rubbish everywhere. And we should avoid activities that may harm wildlife. Additionally, supporting local conservation efforts, such as participating in community-led clean-up projects, can make a positive impact on the local environment.
A．Respect the local environment
B．Explore with big tour companies
C．While air travel can often be quicker
D．The airlines still have 2,100 new planes on order
E．But when you’re in countries where tap water is safe to consume
F．Thankfully, there are ways to limit our impact on the environment
G．Thus many hotels often put up signs asking you to re-use your towels
二、 进阶练习
Passage 6
（23-24高二下·河北邯郸·期末）With busy schedules, we can often forget about ways to stay sustainable on campus. 1 So, here are some easy tips to be more eco-friendly on campus.
2 Whenever you head to stores or supermarkets, you will find that they sell reusable bags. But you are recommended to bring the ones you already own in your dorm, because it can help reduce the amount of bags accumulating in the corner of your dorm.
Bring a reusable water bottle. If you are someone who likes to drink water with your meal, consider bringing a reusable water bottle to the dining halls. All of the vending machines come, equipped with a little sign. 3 However, the Earth says otherwise with all of those non-biodegradable plastic cups filling landfills.
Take the stairs as much as possible. If you find yourself able to, take the stairs to your classroom and dorm. Not only does taking the stairs allow for some minimal yet mighty exercise, but it also reduces energy use from the elevator. 4
Turn off the lights in time. 5 Although you wake up too late, and you are in a rush to get to your class in the early morning, don’t mind taking that extra second to press the switch. Every time you turn off the lights, it means something to the Earth.
A．It says not to bring personal bottles.
B．Use one of the eco-friendly bags you have.
C．It is of great importance to conserve energy.
D．Purchase some reusable bags whenever possible.
E．Besides, we don’t know how to reduce our waste in many cases.
F．It allows others who need it more to get to their classes on time.
G．The reusable glass bottles can be used to hold some plants and flowers.
Passage 7
（23-24高二下·江苏泰州·期末）The importance of learning outside goes beyond fresh air and fun. Spending time outdoors can expose kids to the concept of climate change. Here are some tips.
●Keep a climate journal. You can explain to your children that climate is a pattern of weather. 1 However, in recent years, extreme weather like storms and abnormal temperatures has occurred frequently. Have them keep a weather journal to get a sense of the climate.
● 2 Kids can help take care of plants, like vegetables or plants in a garden. Growing and looking after plants helps children understand that people have a role to play in helping living things meet their needs. Make connections between climate change and the needs of plants.
●Play some games. Encourage your children to head outside for a few rounds of nature scavenger hunt (寻物游戏) , where you give them a list of items to find, like sticks, colorful leaves and rocks. It is also a good choice to play “I Spy”, which gets them to associate words with the natural world. 3
●Build an outdoor tool set. Put together an outdoor tool set with a magnifying glass (放大镜), a telescope and a container. 4 Then, try starting with something they are interested in, such as building a mini park or collecting natural items.
●Walk and talk. Go on walks with your kids frequently. Along the way observe and discuss how other members of the community are helping the environment. 5 Over time, under the guidance of parents, kids will grow into adults who care about the environment.
A．Get in the dirt.
B．It used to be more stable.
C．Observe the plants around.
D．These tools allow kids to survive in the wild.
E．Language enables kids to better connect to their environment.
F．These tools can help kids find and collect natural samples and play freely.
G．Putting these conversations into daily life keeps kids aware of climate change.
Passage 8
（23-24高二下·辽宁锦州·期末）Many scientists and marine biologists are quite worried about the state of coral reefs around the globe. They have been experiencing “bleaching” (白化) which is a process that involves the slow starvation and eventual death of coral reefs. 1 This has huge effects on the organisms that rely on the coral reefs in the ocean and us humans.
2 In the Turks and Caicos Islands, it has been reported that the coral reefs have been relatively untouched by the bleaching events. Even more surprising is the news that even the ones affected have recovered very well.
The problem is caused by many reasons. Pollution, introduced species, over-fishing, and over-tourism have all contributed to the issue. 3 Since the 1970’s, about 80% of the coral reefs in the Caribbean have died out.
An organization has taken steps to help out. They asked divers to observe over 100 reef sites off the South Caicos Island and set up a database. After scanning the data, they found surprising results. 4 But other corals did suffer bleaching. But they quickly rebounded to normal within months of the irregularly high thermal stress (热应力).
Two years later, when the same corals were observed, they were even more colored. 5 There were theories that Hurricanes Irma and Maria helped, as they resulted in much less tourism and thus decreased damage to the surrounding ecosystems.
Experts are continuing to observe the phenomenon to see if there is anything going on that can help save other reefs.
A．It meant their health improved.
B．So they are dying out at alarming rates.
C．Many coral reefs can survive bleaching.
D．Some corals proved no significant bleaching.
E．The worst of bleaching events took place in 2017.
F．But the coral reefs are doing surprisingly well in one region.
G．The warming temperatures of the oceans have also caused great harm.
Passage 9
（23-24高二下·河北保定·期末）Embracing a Green Lifestyle
Living a green lifestyle is not only beneficial for the environment but also for your health and wallet. Here are some steps to embrace a green lifestyle.
Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. 1 These three simple words can make a big difference in your daily life. Whether it’s using a reusable water bottle or shopping bag, these small actions can reduce waste and pollution.
Conserve water and electricity. Be mindful of your water and electricity usage. 2 Simple habits like turning off the tap while brushing your teeth or switching off lights when not in use can save a lot of energy.
3 When shopping, opt for products that are made from sustainable materials and have minimal packaging. Remember to check the labels for certifications that indicate eco-friendliness. This not only helps to reduce waste but also supports companies that are committed to environmental protection.
Grow your own food. Planting a small vegetable garden or even a few herbs in pots can be a rewarding experience. 4 It’s a great way to ensure you’re eating fresh and healthy food while also reducing your carbon footprint.
Use public transportation, carpool, or bike. Instead of driving alone, consider using public transportation, carpooling, or biking to work or school. 5 This can significantly reduce your carbon emissions and improve air quality.
A．Choose eco-friendly products.
B．This is the essence of a green lifestyle.
C．It’s easy to get started with these practices.
D．Try to minimize the use of single-use items.
E．Small changes can make a big impact on the environment.
F．Make sure to choose products that are made by local companies.
G．This can also be a fun and educational activity for the whole family.
Passage 10
（23-24高二下·河南濮阳·期中）“Leave no track” is popular among many campers who are concerned about our environment and favor sustainable (可持续的) travel. Its goal is simple; to minimize human-created impacts on the natural world. 1
Reject plastic and paper. First and foremost, one of the easiest ways to reduce the impact of camping on the planet is to go plastic and paper-free. Instead of single-use plastics and paper plates, choose bamboo or other recyclable camping dinnerware and food packages. 2
Rent or buy a used tent. Instead of brand-new equipment, consider renting camping equipment instead. Outdoor retail (零售) brands like REI offer a wide variety of camping products to rent, including tents. 3 For those keen on purchasing something new, try brands like Patagonia that put sustainability first to reduce waste and support eco-friendly practices.
4 In addition to eco-friendly tents, it’s good to ensure that other camping essentials, from hiking shoes and sleeping bags to clothing and blankets, are also gentle on the environment. And remember, whatever is packed in should also be packed out.
Only camp in designated (指定的) camping areas. 5 However, developed campgrounds, which are specifically designated for camping, are usually available by reservation and don’t require campers to walk wearily into the wilderness to clear space to set up a tent. Designated camping spots usually have other advantages like bathrooms, showers, picnic tables, and more.
A．Pack with the planet in mind.
B．Sort out what you really need when camping.
C．They even carry other outdoor essentials for rent.
D．Learn how to sustainably upgrade the summer camping here.
E．Campers can also buy reusable paper towels in order to genuinely leave no track.
F．Eco-friendly campers can learn how to update their skills with these simple tips.
G．Although backpacking off the beaten path sounds fascinating, it may not be eco-friendly.
三、 高阶提升
Passage 11
（23-24高二下·陕西渭南·期末）Saving the environment might seem like a tall order, but living an environmentally friendly life is actually quite easy. With just a few small lifestyle changes, you can make a difference. 1
Recycle.
Recycling is a simplest lifestyle to lower the amount of environmental waste. 2 Check the regulations to ensure you use them properly. For instance, some places may no: accept glass, while others might require you to separate the different materials. If you dispose of something improperly, the whole load will likely be rejected and end up in a landfill.
Buy locally sourced foods.
3 Shipping products by truck, rail, flight, or boat creates pollution and goes against an environmentally friendly lifestyle. Instead, shop at local farmers’ markets and grocery stores stocking locally - sourced products. Alternatively, use community - supported services to get fresh produce regularly.
Cut back on driving.
Applying alternate forms of transportation consumes less gasoline. Walk or ride a bike whenever possible. If that isn’t an option, consider organizing carpools or using public transportation. 4 Also, combine multiple trips into one to help minimize the distance traveled and fuel consumed.
5
Advocacy allows more people to create a positive impact. Spread the word about environmental conservation by sharing some of the lifestyle changes you’ve made on social media and in conversations with people around, calling on everybody to play a role.
A．Cut back your carbon footprint.
B．Encourage others to help save the environment.
C．By doing this, you help reduce traffic jams and the overall amount of gasoline consumption.
D．Every resident can get involved by taking advantage of nearby recycling services.
E．The topic of preserving natural resources entertains everyone.
F．Eating fresh, local food consumes less fuel and packaging materials.
G．Read on for some practical tips on how a single individual can help save the environment.
Passage 12
（23-24高二下·浙江衢州·期末）No matter where you are on the planet, the effects of the climate crisis are vast and real. We know individual actions can only get us so far, and solving the issue of climate change is the job of governments. 1 Here are some tips for what we individuals can do to help work toward a more sustainable future.
Switch to climate friendly home appliances
By using home appliances and vehicles that run on electricity, we can help reduce our carbon footprint and leave more fossil fuels in the ground. Here are a few appliances to consider, such as clothing dryers with the “Energy Star” label and water heaters that use heat pump technology. 2 So don’t feel like you have to change out your appliances overnight. Instead, buy them as your existing machines wear out.
Eat less meat
Meat production is hard on the environment: It requires a lot of land to raise cattle —and globally, many forests are being cleared to make room for those animals. 3 If people could cut back their beef consumption, it could have a major impact on creating a more sustainable food system.
Freeze produce you can’t use right away
About 8% of greenhouse gas emissions come from wasted food, and roughly half of all food waste occurs during “the consumption stage”. One of the best tools to help reduce wasted food The freezer. If you’re not ready to use fresh fruit and vegetables right away, freeze them. 4
Cut back on plastic
The plastics problem is overwhelming. 5 Are you using a bottle of body wash Replace it with a bar of soap. Bring your own bags for groceries instead of packing your goods in plastic bags, or your favorite reusable cup to your local coffee shop.
A．This locks in flavor and nutrients.
B．But we also know that our decisions matter.
C．And cows themselves release a lot of methane.
D．That means we should not use the old appliances any more.
E．Making these upgrades to your home and lifestyle will cost money.
F．The most effective thing you can do is to figure out how much you use.
G．So governments should make policies to solve climate change problem.
Passage 13
（23-24高二下·广东清远·期中）If you’re looking for something fun to do, pack a picnic dinner and take your family or friends to a beautiful place to eat. However, there’s a wrong trend—viewing picnics as an excuse to transport food in single-use plastic containers. Sure, it means the clean-up is easy at the moment, but it just puts it off to a later point, when it takes the form of the volunteer clean-up and landfill management. 1 What follows is advice on how to pack such a picnic.
●Use food containers wisely
Using reusable containers is the easiest way to reduce waste. 2 For example, to reduce packaging, you can take along things like a loaf of bread, a whole watermelon, whole vegetables, a knife and a board to cut your food when you’re ready to eat. These things don’t have to be done and sealed before you leave the house.
● 3
Using washable dishes for a picnic does not require much more work than single-use ones. You’d have to carry the waste out anyway in a trash bag, so why not pack your dirty plates into a bag and put them in the dishwasher at home If you’re worried about breaking, take some solid camping plates.
●Think about the drinks
Forget the single-use, single-serve drink bottles. 4 Fill personal water bottles with water, juice or lemonade at pared with a single-use plastic cup, they have the added advantage of keeping your drinks cold for longer.
●Put cloth bags to good use
Cloth bags are amazing. I use them for so much more than just buying food at the store. They’re perfect for packing sandwiches, dried or fresh fruit, and other snack foods. You can use them to pack glasses or plates to prevent breaking. They can also work as a napkin, tea towel, or garbage bag if needed. 5
A．Clean up the waste
B．Avoid plastic plates
C．Be sure to add a few to your picnic basket.
D．There are some healthy dishes you can make or buy.
E．To prevent this, a plastic-free picnic can be a brilliant idea.
F．These create a huge amount of waste, which can be easily avoided.
G．In addition, keep in mind that you don’t have to pre-pack everything.
Passage 14
（23-24高二下·河南郑州·期中）Low-effort things you can do to live sustainably
You might think you need to change a lot of your daily habits to live sustainably but, in fact, becoming more eco-friendly is much easier than it might seem. Below are some easy steps towards becoming more sustainable.
Shop at farmer markets.
Getting your daily fruit and vegetables from a local farmer market is an easy way to reduce your carbon footprint while eating healthily. It cuts out lengthy stays of the products in refrigerated storage and up to thousands of miles of fossil-fueled transportation. 1
Practice meatless Mondays.
Global meat production is a big contributor to greenhouse gasses. 2 It isn’t necessary either. Many people reducing their meat consumption by a small amount would still have a great impact. According to a study, you could reduce your carbon footprint by as much as 8 pounds each week just by practicing meatless Mondays only.
Dispose of unused medications properly.
Flushing (冲) unused medications down the drain (下水道) can pollute water supplies affecting everything downstream. You shouldn’t throw medications away either as they can be dangerous for others to find. 3 Leftover medications can be chemically dealt with and disposed of in a safe and secure way there.
4
It is easy to understand that buying something used is more environmentally friendly than buying something new and clothes are no exception. 5 According to the United Nations, the fashion industry is responsible for 2% - 8% of global carbon emissions (排放量). Buying something used keeps things out of landfills and reduces demand for new items.
A．Shop second-hand.
B．Think twice before shopping.
C．A meatless diet can help prevent disease.
D．The best option is to take them to a collection site.
E．It is not practical to expect everyone to go vegetarian,
F．Additionally, less plastic in packaging reduces plastic waste.
G．The fast-fashion industry consumes considerable resources each year.
Passage 15
（23-24高二下·湖南郴州·期末）Whether it’s gas, food, clothing, cars, furniture, water, toys, electronics or other goods, we are all consumers. The key is not to stop consuming, but to start being mindful of our consumption habits and how each purchase or action affects the ecosystem. 1 .
Consume less
Limiting consumption can have a huge impact on the environment. The three “Rs” — reduce, reuse and recycle — get a lot of attention. However, the planet could benefit from some focus on the most important and most underrepresented “R”: refuse. When you refuse, you say “no”, which is not always easy. 2 , think about whether it would truly improve your life. If not, it’s OK to just say, “No, thanks! ”
Walk, bike or carpool
According to the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), a typical passenger vehicle emits about 4. 6 metric tons of carbon dioxide per year. Any amount of that we can cut back on will help. 3 . If travelling on foot or two wheels isn’t feasible (可行的), try carpooling with a friend, neighbor or coworker to a mutual destination.
4
Get creative with your useless or unwanted items by upcycling — basically, turning trash into treasure. Creating something new such as artwork, toys or jewelry is both satisfying and one of the best ways to protect the environment. Not only does it keep items out of the trash, it can prevent having to purchase new items, which require lots of resources to produce. Children love making things; so instead of heading to the craft store, check out your recycle bin first and let their imaginations soar!
Use your purchasing power for good
The positive thing about being a consumer is that we have the power to choose where we spend our hard-earned dollars. 5 . Spend it wisely on goods, services and experiences that leave a smaller carbon footprint. Choose to do business with companies that support sustainability efforts, utilize renewable energy sources and walk the walk when it comes to protecting the environment.
A．Upcycle more
B．Recycle properly
C．If you want to consume less or recycle a used item
D．Here are several ways you can start to protect the environment
E．Think of your money as your voice and your vote for a cleaner planet
F．Next time you’re tempted to purchase or accept a non-essential item
G．For short trips, try walking or biking — you’ll also get a healthy dose of exercise in
