Unit 1 Science and Scientists Reading and Thinking课件(共32张，内嵌视频) 人教版选择性必修第二册

(共32张PPT)
Reading and Thinking
John Snow Defeats
“King Cholera”
Before-reading
“To raise new questions, new possibilities,
to regard old problems from a new angle,
requires creative imagination and marks real advance in science.
- Albert Einstein”
提出新的问题，发现新的问题，
从新的角度审视已存在的问题，
这些需要创造性的想象力，
并标志着科学的真正进步。
- 阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦
What disease can you think of when you look at these pictures
COVID-19
Besides coronavirus（冠状病毒）, what other kinds of epidemics（流行病）do you know
epidemic [ ep dem k] n. 流行病
bird-flu（禽流感）
malaria（疟疾）
plague[ple ɡ] （鼠疫）
Ebola [i b l ]
n. 埃博拉病毒
smallpox [ sm lp ks]
n. 天花
cholera [ k l r ]
n. 霍乱
UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
Reading and Thinking:
Understand the questioning mind
Learning objectives
In this class, you will
get information about how John Snow defeated cholera;
summarize the stages of scientific research;
talk about the significance and contribution of John’s work.
Lead in
John Snow (15 March 1813 – 16 June 1858) was a British physician and a leader in the adoption of anaesthesia and medical hygiene.
约翰·斯诺(1813年3月15日- 1858年6月16日)，英国内科医生，麻醉和医疗卫生的领导者。
anaesthesia [ n s θi zi ] n. 麻醉
hygiene[ ha d i n]
n. 卫生；卫生学，保健学
Choleara
Add Something At Here
Add Something At Here
Add Something At Here
Add Something At Here
Add Something At Here
Add Something At Here
Reading
John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”
Activity 1 : Predicting: What will be talked about
John Snow Defeats“King Cholera”
Who
How
What
Draw a conclusion
Collect data
Ask a question
Find a problem
Analyse the results
Find supporting evidence
Think of a method
Tu Youyou followed the scientific stages to find out the cure for malaria. Can you put them in the right order
Did he / she follow the same stages as Tu Youyou
Activity 2 : Read for the Structure
John Snow desired to ________ cholera.
John Snow decided to prove __________ theory.
Snow began his study by ___________________.
________________ of the infection of cholera.
Para. 1
Para. 2
Para. 3
Para. 4
The results and the _____________of Snow’s work.
Para. 5
What & Who
How
Truth
Results
destroy
the second
marking on a map
The truth
significance
John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”
What does “ King ” imply in the title
The name of cholera
The causes of cholera
Cholera spread fast
Cholera is powerful and hard to cure
John Snow Defeats “King Cholera”
What's the main idea of the text
A．The cause of cholera was polluted water.
B．John Snow was a well-known doctor in London.
C．The source of all drinking water should be examined.
D．John Snow did some research and helped to solve “King Cholera”.
Read the passage again and discuss the following stages of scientific research in groups. What order would you put them in
collect data
think of a method
analyse the results
ask a question
draw a conclusion
find a problem
find supporting evidence
Understand the questioning mind
collect data
think of a method
analyse the results
ask a question
draw a conclusion
find a problem
find supporting evidence
1
4
2
6
7
3
5
Read the passage again and discuss the following stages of scientific research in groups. What order would you put them in
Understand the questioning mind
句式和词块积累
1.used to do.过去常常做某事
2.one of the most feared diseases最令人恐惧的疾病之一
3.in the early 19th century在19世纪早期
4.an outbreak of xxx hit sp.某地爆发xxx
5.die from 死于 6.in time 经过一段时间之后；及时；
7.rise to become 逐渐成为 8.attend to 照顾；照料
9.give birth 生孩子；产子 10.once and for all最终的；彻底的
Read the Para 1 and find the complex sentences and useful phrases.
标注从句
标注非谓语
and
不同颜色标注并列成分
Cholera used to be one of the most feared diseases in the world, until a British doctor, John Snow, showed how it could be overcome. This illness causes severe diarrhoea, dehydration, and even death. In the early 19th century, when an outbreak of cholera hit Europe,millions of people died from the disease. As a young doctor, John Snow became frustrated because no one knew how to prevent or treat cholera.In time, he rose to become a famous doctor, and even attended to Queen Victoria when she gave birth.However, he never lost his desire to destroy cholera once and for all.
While-reading
Read for the imformation.
Para 1 Who & What
John Snow
Cholera
a ______________________ doctor
became _________
never ________________________ _________ once and for all
British, young and famous
_____________ Queen Victoria
attended to
frustrated
lost his desire to destroy cholera
one of __________________deseases
causes severe _____________ _________________________
millions of people __________
the disease in the early 19th century
the most feared
diarrhoea, dehydration and even death
died from
句式和词块积累
1.in general 一般来说
2.sb. have two xxx. One xxx is that. The other is that.一个是…另一个是…
3.cause the disease导致疾病4.be caused by由…导致
5.subscribe to the second theory 同意；赞成
6. so … that 如此…以至于7.be determined to do 决定做某事
Read the Para 2 and find the complex sentences and useful phrases.
标注从句
标注非谓语
and
不同颜色标注并列成分
In general, doctors in those days had two contradictory theories to explain how cholera spread. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. Snow subscribed to the second theory. It was correct, but he still needed proof. Consequently, when an outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854, Snow began to investigate. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why.
句式和词块积累
1.mark on a map the exact places在地图上标记确切的位置 2.water pump水泵
3.have no deaths无人死亡
4.be to blame该受责备；承担责任
Read the Para 3 and find the complex sentences and useful phrases.
标注从句
标注非谓语
and
不同颜色标注并列成分
Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived. There were multiple deaths near the water pump in Broad Street (especially house numbers 16, 37, 38, and 40). However, some households (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street, and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. These people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer, and so had not drunk the water from the pump. Snow suspected that the water pump was to blame.
While-reading
Read for the imformation.
Para 2&3 How
1. What problem did the two theories try to solve
To explain how Cholera spread.
2. What were the two theories and which did John Snow agree with
Two contradictory theories
Theory one:
caused by ________
Theory two:
caused by _______
bad air
germs
Snow subscribed to the second theory.

problem
While-reading
Read for the imformation.
Para 2&3 How
3. What’s the proof he found
question
While-reading
Read for the imformation.
Para 2&3 How
What method did he use
How did he finally find out why
marking on a map
Analyze the map with your group member.
Which houses had more than 4 deaths in Broad Street
Which houses had no death in Broad Street
Read for the stages.
Think of a method
Collect data
Analyse the results
Find supporting evidence
Draw a conclusion
Find a solution
句式和词块积累
1.The truth is that xxx 事实是……
2.be infected by被……感染
3.a link between A and B. A和B之间的联系
4.be polluted by raw waste被未经处理的垃圾污染
5.be(much more) likely to do(更)有可能做某事
6.drink pure or boiled water.喝纯净水或开水
Read the Para 4 and find the complex sentences and useful phrases.
The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. Moreover, Snow was later able to show a link between other cases of cholera and the different water companies in London. Some companies sold water from the River Thames that was polluted by raw waste. The people who drank this water were much more likely to get cholera than those who drank pure or boiled water.
标注从句
标注非谓语
and
不同颜色标注并列成分
Through Snow’s tireless efforts, water companies began to sell clean water and the threat of cholera around the world saw a substantial decrease.However, cholera is still a problem. Each year, millions of people around the world get cholera and many die from it. Fortunately, we now know how to prevent cholera,thanks to the work of John Snow. Moreover, in his use of maps and statistics, Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.For this reason, Snow is considered the father of modern epidemiology.
句式和词块积累
1.through one’s tireless efforts经过某人不懈努力
2.a sustanitial decrease大幅减少
3.xxx is still a problem……仍然是个问题4.thanks to幸亏；由于
5. in use of在使用…时
6.for this reason 为此，由于这个原因
7.the father of modern epidemiology.现代流行病学之父
Read the Para 5 and find the complex sentences and useful phrases.
标注从句
标注非谓语
and
不同颜色标注并列成分
While-reading
Read for the imformation.
Para 4&5
The truth was that the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.
Water companies began to sell clean water.
The threat of cholera around the world decreased.
He helped people know how to prevent cholera.
Snow transformed the way scientists study diseases.
2. What contributions did John Snow make
The Father of Modern Epidemiology
1. What caused the outbreak of cholera in London in 1854
A: It was believed that cholera was caused by bad ____ or germs in _______________.
B:Snow____________the places where the people who ____ had lived
C:Many deaths occurred near the __________ in Broad Street.
Some people __________ drunk the water from the pump, and lived.
A woman and her daughter died in another part of London after _____________________.
D: The pump water carried
__________.
Match the following headers with the letters from the chart above. Write A-E in the blanks.
conclusion
evidence
handle
process
solution
theories
Read the passage again and complete the chart below.
E: The _______ of the pump was removed.
air
food or water
marked on
died
water pump
hadn’t
drinking water from the pump
cholera germs
Post-reading
In order not to get infected with disease, what should we pay attention to in our daily life.
Drink boiled water.
Remember to wear a mask when going out.
Heat the food left overnight.
Wash your hands often.
Cook raw food thoroughly.
Deal with rubbish timely and properly.
Post-reading
Qualities
passion
creativity
devotion
selflessness
hard work
What qualities do you need to be a scientist
Post-reading
Thanks