Unit 5Amazing nature 第一课时Starting out l练习（含答案） 外研版（2024）七年级下册

第一课时　Starting out
根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成句子
1．She likes to get close to n________ because she enjoys the peace and quiet there.
2．The population of our village is about ten t________.
3．These beautiful flowers are like stars in the dark s________.
4．The standard of the exam is quite h________， so I need to study hard to meet it.
5．My friend Daniel is at a new school and studies hard in his ________(空闲的) time.
阅读理解【主题：人与自然　北极圈】
People often think of the North Pole(北极) and the South Pole as similar frozen(冰冻的) wastelands. They are both places with very cold temperatures and few people live there. However, the North and South Poles are not much alike as people may imagine.
The North Pole has no land, only thick ice. Temperatures seldom go above 32°F, at which water turns into ice. Most of the time, it stays below zero. In winter temperatures are usually as low as －30°F.
Although conditions were very poor, people tried for many centuries to reach the North Pole. More than 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Matthew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and difficulties. They reached the North Pole on March 8th, 1909. It was really a hard trip for them.
There are few things more dangerous than crossing the Arctic(北极地区) on foot. People who stay there may face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. Most of the area is uninhabited. Few people can live in such a challenging place.
People might think that with such low temperatures for most of the year, the ice would be thick and hard. However, this is not true in the Arctic. The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes(道) of water called “leads”. Anyone who falls into a lead can be frozen to death in a few minutes.
(　　)1.This passage is probably from ________.
A.a book review B．a science book
C.a school report D．a history magazine
(　　)2.According to the passage, what happened more than 100 years ago
A.Two men succeeded in getting to the North Pole.
B.Temperatures in the North Pole went above 32°F.
C.The environment in the North Pole suddenly became worse.
D.The North Pole changed into thick ice because of the temperatures.
(　　)3.What does the underlined word “challenging” probably mean
A.Hopeless. B．Beautiful. C．Dangerous. D．Difficult.
(　　)4.The reason why the ice breaks into two opening lanes of water is ________.
A.that the temperature suddenly drops
B.that the movement of the ice changes the lanes of water
C.that the water under the ice is frozen
D.that the ocean water under the ice moves
【详解答案】
基础达标
1．nature　2.thousand　3.sky
4．high　5.free
阅读提升
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了北极的寒冷天气和真实地域信息。
1．B　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“People often think of the North Pole(北极) and the South Pole as similar frozen(冰冻的) wastelands.”并结合全文可知，本文主要介绍了北极的实际情况，内容与“自然科学”有关，所以这篇文章有可能出自一本科学书。故选B。
2．A　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“More than 100 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Matthew Henson, were able to get to this environment full of troubles and difficulties. They reached the North Pole on March 8th, 1909.”可知，100多年前，有两个人成功地到达了北极。故选A。
3．D　解析：词义猜测题。根据倒数第二段中的“People who stay there may face many problems: very cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. Most of the area is uninhabited. Few people can live in such a challenging place.”可知，此处表示“很少有人能住在如此有挑战性的地方”，所以推测challenging意为“挑战性的，艰难的”，与Difficult同义。故选D。
4．D　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The movement of the ocean water under the ice may often cause many different changes on the surface. Sometimes the ice breaks into two opening lanes(道) of water called ‘leads’．”可知，冰下海水的运动常常会引起海面上许多不同的变化，有时冰分裂成两个开放的水道。故选D。