Unit 5Amazing nature评估测试卷 （含解析） 外研版（2024）七年级下册

Unit 5　评估测试卷
(满分90分　考试时间90分钟)
第一部分　选择题(共50分)
一、阅读理解(共20小题，每小题2分；满分40分)
第一节 阅读下面语言材料， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Amazing China in 60 Seconds is a short video series covering cultural and scenic(风景优美的) hot spots across the country.
Beijing Hubei Guizhou
Beijing is where tradition meets modernity(现代事物). From the age-old hutongs to the busy commercial(商业的) streets, Beijing is amazing because of its diversity—industry and art, classic and trendy, East and West. Beijing is home to several UNESCO World Heritage Sites(联合国教科文组织世界遗址) such as the Forbidden City, the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, and part of the Grand Canal(大运河). Central China's Hubei Province is home to several UNESCO World Heritage Sites such as the Shennongjia Nature Reserve, the Ancient Building Complex(古建筑群) in the Wudang Mountains. It also holds many important rivers, including the wonderful Yangtze River and the long, clear Han River. The central Chinese province is also known for its delicious food such as hot-dry noodles, Wuchang fish, and crayfish(小龙虾). Southwest China's Guizhou Province is famous for the beauty of its mountains. It's a top tourist destination in China, with fresh air and a pleasant, temperate climate.Guizhou has over 90 percent of its area covered by mountains and hills. Guizhou is also home to several UNESCO World Heritage Sites such as Libo Karst and Fanjing Mountain.
(　　)1.Which picture isn't about Hubei's delicious food
A.　 B．
C．　 D．
(　　)2.How many UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Beijing are mentioned(被提到) in the passage
A．Two. B．Three.
C．Four. D．Five.
(　　)3.It's clear that ________.
A．Hubei is in the southwest of China
B．Beijing is a city that holds tradition and modernity
C．more than 90 percent of its area is covered by forests in Guizhou
D．Beijing is amazing because of its pleasant, temperate climate
(　　)4.Why does the author(作者) write the text
A．To show China's beautiful scenery.
B．To protect the traditional culture.
C．In order to make people love nature.
D．Just to introduce the three places.
B
There are many different kinds of land on the earth. Two of these are deserts and forests. A desert is a very dry area. It has little rain in a year. Deserts can be hard places to live in—not like forests or plains. Many plants can't grow in a desert, because there is not enough water to keep them alive. Most deserts are hot. The temperature may go from very hot at midday to very cold at night. The temperature changes so much because there isn't enough moisture(水分) to block the rays of the sun. Even when there is rain, the rain may evaporate(蒸发) before it reaches the ground. It may turn from liquid to steam, like air. Or it may dry up soon after it hits the ground. The sun shines on the earth and takes away any moisture there. So the ground gets dry, hot and hard. There isn't enough moisture to cool it. Some deserts are cooler. But they are still dry. When they think of deserts, many people think of sand. But not all deserts have sand. Some have gravel(碎石), rocky hills, or long, low, dry places where rivers used to be.
(　　)5.Deserts can be hard places to grow in for many plants because ________.
A．there is not enough water
B．they are like forests or plains
C．there are many different kinds of land
D．deserts have gravel and rocky hills
(　　)6.The temperature in deserts ________.
A．is rising
B．is always high
C．changes a lot
D．falls slightly(轻微地)
(　　)7.The sun shines on the earth and takes away any moisture there so ________.
A．moisture blocks the rays of the sun
B．the rain hits the ground
C．the ground gets dry, hot and hard
D．some deserts are cooler
(　　)8.In which section of a newspaper can we read this passage
A．Health. B．Travel.
C．Nature. D．Business.
C
Glaciers(冰川) hold about 70% of the Earth's fresh water. They are large pieces of closely packed ice and snow. Glaciers only form in very cold places. Every year, new snow falls on top of the old snow. The layers(层) of snow press down on each other, and then the snow crystals(晶体) start to change. They get smaller, and air pockets are pushed out of the snow. This allows the crystals to grow longer. Over time, the snow layer at the bottom of all the other snow layers becomes ice. The whole process of making a glacier takes about 100 years.
Some ice is packed so closely that it looks blue. The snow on top of a glacier looks white because it reflects all of the light. But the ice layers of the glacier do not have many air pockets. They absorb different parts of light and reflect blue light.
Some of the glaciers on the Earth may be very old. Scientists think that a few glaciers have ice that is about 8 million years old. Not all of the glaciers are so old, though. A number of glaciers in Alaska(阿拉斯加) are only about 100 years old.
There are different kinds of glaciers. An ice stream is a kind of glacier that forms on another glacier, and it looks like a frozen river. Rock glaciers are made when ice, rock, and other objects get mixed together.
(　　)9.The underlined word “absorb” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”．
A．cut down B．give out
C．make up D．take in
(　　)10.Why does the writer talk about Alaska's glaciers
A．Because some of the glaciers are not very old.
B．Because they are the oldest glaciers on the Earth.
C．Because the weather in Alaska is very cold.
D．Because the rocks in them are valuable.
(　　)11.How does the writer support his idea in the last paragraph
A．By asking questions.
B．By showing numbers.
C．By giving examples.
D．By telling stories.
(　　)12.What is the purpose of this passage
A．To make an introduction about glaciers.
B．To describe different kinds of fresh water.
C．To point out the importance of glaciers.
D．To introduce the influence of cold weather.
D
Rainforests(热带雨林) provide much of the world's oxygen(氧气). People have been trying to protect them for years. But another type of forest, the cloud forest, is just as important to humans as rainforests.
These forests are at the top of mountains, generally near the equator(赤道). These wet, wooded mountaintops are mainly in African and Central and South American countries. They are called “cloud forests” because their height allows for the formation of clouds among the trees. The trees in these forests pull water out of the clouds. The water gathers on the leaves and falls into small rivers below, which flow into towns at the bottom of the mountains. The yearly rainfall in these areas is about 180 centimetres. Cloud forests can absorb up to 60 percent of that. The water is important to the plants and the people in the area. It helps them survive.
Cloud forests are also home to many different kinds of plants that can't be found anywhere else. One small cloud forest has as many types of plants as there are in all of Europe. In fact, there are so many that scientists haven't made a complete list of them yet.
These forests are being destroyed at an increasing speed. Trees are being cut down, and roads are being built in their places. Some people have a goal to get governments' money to protect the forests. But they have had little success so far. Another way is to take the place of the destroyed plants with new ones. That has been difficult because the plants are so special. There's plenty of work to be done, but saving the cloud forests is still possible with creative solutions.
(　　)13.Where can you probably find cloud forests
A．In North America.
B．Far from the equator.
C．In an African country.
D．At the foot of mountains.
(　　)14.How much rainfall is absorbed by the cloud forests in those areas every year
A．About 60 cm. 　　
B．About 108 cm.
C．About 180 cm. 　　
D．About 300 cm.
(　　)15.What is the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．Europe is short of the types of plants.
B．Scientists are working on a list.
C．Cloud forests are getting smaller.
D．Cloud forests house many plants.
(　　)16.What will be discussed in the following part of the text
A．Ways to protect cloud forests.
B．Goals of cloud forest protectors.
C．Difficulties in planting new trees.
D．Successes of getting wide support.
第二节 阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个多余的选项。
Qomolangma is the world's highest mountain. You may learn from a book that it's 8，844 metres high. 17.________ Different experts give different results. Also, the height of the mountain becomes different over time. That was why a Chinese group tried to reach the top of Qomolangma to remeasure(重新测量) its height months ago. Though they made good plans, it was not easy work.
It's so cold on the mountain. 18.________ Because of that, drones(无人机) cannot work at the top of the mountain. That's why it's necessary for experts to reach the top to get the specific(精确的) result.
19．________
In fact, measuring the height of Qomolangma is more than just getting one right number. Qomolangma was born when the Eurasian plate(板块) met the Indian plate. 20.________ Changes in its height can show if the two plates are moving towards or away from each other. This can help us learn about the moving of Earth's crust(地壳).
The group of experts could also get first-hand information about environmental conditions(情况) at the top of the mountain. It will help us learn how they make a difference to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(高原).
A．And what is the best way to measure the height of the mountain
B．It appeared millions of years ago as the two plates moved towards each other.
C．What's worse, high winds blow all the time.
D．But is a difference of a few metres really important
E．However, not all people think so.
二 、(2024辽宁本溪期中)完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分)
阅读短文，理解其大意，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Burano is a beautiful island in Italy. It is probably one of the most colourful places in the world. It is popular __21__ visitors from all over the world. Lots of visitors __22__ to visit it when they are free.
When you visit Burano, you can see lots of houses in bright colours. When you are walking here, you may think you are __23__ in a fairy world(童话世界). The houses are beautiful and they __24__ castles.
The local people can paint their houses in bright colours, but all the houses must __25__ a special colour pattern. __26__ you paint your house, you must ask the government first. The government will tell you the certain colour that you can use. There are some other interesting __27__. For example, if your neighbour's house is red, the government won't allow you to paint your house red. You have to choose a __28__ colour.
For the local people, painting __29__ houses has become a tradition. In the past, most of the local people were fishermen. They painted their houses in bright colours so that the fishermen could see their houses in the fog __30__． See Colours were useful in their lives.
(　　)21.A. between B．with
C．over D．of
(　　)22.A. enjoy B．choose C．dislike D．mind
(　　)23.A. walking B．climbing
C．jumping D．falling
(　　)24.A. look for B．look up
C．look after D．look like
(　　)25.A. lose B．follow C．forget D．point
(　　)26.A. After B．Before
C．When D．Because
(　　)27.A. lessons B．rules
C．prizes D．meanings
(　　)28.A. bright B．clear
C．same D．different
(　　)29.A. our B．his C．her D．their
(　　)30.A. hardly B．loudly
C．clearly D．carelessly
第二部分　非选择题(共40分)
三、(2024辽宁沈阳期中)语篇填空(共10小题，每小题1分；满分10分)
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
Benten Mountain is in Tokushima, Japan. It is the shortest 31.________(nature) mountain in Japan with a height of just 6.1 metres. It is in the middle of fertile paddy(稻田) 32.________(field) along Tokushima's Road Ten. It takes a person just one minute 33.________(reach) the top and yet over 10，000 people come here every year for this special purpose. For some people, it's 34.________(simple) relaxing to climb a 6.1-metre-tall mountain, while others come to enjoy both the trees 35.________ flowers.
Benten Mountain is opened to 36.________(tourist) on June 1st, when a “First Climb of the New Year” event is organized here by the local government. 37.________ this day, visitors who reach the 6.1-metre top are given a Proof of Scaling Certificate as a prize. Every year, this Japan's shortest mountain 38.________(hold) different events, like cherry blossom festivals and wedding ceremonies.
In fact, Benten is also the 39.________(safe) mountain in Japan, with no accidents or missing person reports ever recorded here. For comparison(比较), 40.________ highest mountain in Japan, Mount Fuji, is 3，776 metres high.
四、阅读与表达(共4小题，41～43小题，每小题2分，44小题4分；满分10 分)
阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。
Saihanba is a forest park in the north of Hebei. It is about 400 km from Beijing. For hundreds of years, the emperors went there to hunt. In the 1800s, things began to change. There were forest fires and wars, and people cut down too many trees. Saihanba slowly turned into a desert.
When the forest disappeared, there were terrible sandstorms in the Beijing area. In the early 1960s, a group of scientists travelled to Saihanba to find a solution. They found an old tree in the middle of the desert. “Maybe we can still plant trees here，” they thought. In 1962, the first tree planters arrived in Saihanba. The cold and dry weather made their work very difficult, and strong winds blew away many young trees. In winter, it got as cold as －40 ℃.
Three generations(代) of forest workers continued the hard work. Thanks to them, Saihanba is green again. Today it is the world's biggest man-made forest. There are hundreds of millions of trees there. The forest helps provide the capital with clean water, and there are fewer sandstorms in the Beijing area now.
41．What is Saihanba
______________________________________________________________________
42．Who discovered an old tree in the desert at Saihanba
______________________________________________________________________
43．When did the first tree planters arrive in Saihanba
______________________________________________________________________
44．What do you think of the forest workers Why？(Write 30 words or more.)
______________________________________________________________________
五、书面表达(满分20分)
45．济南因泉水而闻名，“家家泉水，户户垂杨”“清泉石上流”是济南最美的绮丽风光。为了让济南的泉水更美，泉城公益组织创办的中英文双语网站Green Star Club现举行主题为“宣传名泉、保护名泉”的征文活动。作为一名热爱泉城的中学生，请以“Protect the Springs”为题，为此网站写一篇英文稿件。
内容提示：1.简单介绍你印象中的济南泉水；
2．描述发生在你身边污染泉水或保护泉水的现象；
3．谈谈你对这件事的看法并号召大家文明观泉、饮泉、护泉。
写作要求：1.语言通顺，要点齐全，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范；
2．词数80左右，文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。
参考词汇：civilized adj.文明的
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【详解答案】
第一部分　选择题
A
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了北京、湖北和贵州这三个地方的风景和特色。
1．C　解析：细节理解题。根据“Hubei”这一列中的“The central Chinese province is also known for its delicious food such as hot-dry noodles, Wuchang fish, and crayfish(小龙虾).”可知，湖北的特色美食有热干面、武昌鱼和小龙虾，不包括选项C图所示的“烤鸭”。故选C。
2．C　解析：细节理解题。根据“Beijing”这一列中的“Beijing is home to several UNESCO World Heritage Sites(联合国教科文组织世界遗址) such as the Forbidden City, the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, and part of the Grand Canal(大运河).”可知，文中提到的北京含有的联合国教科文组织世界遗产有紫禁城、长城、颐和园和大运河的一部分四处。故选C。
3．B　解析：细节理解题。根据“Beijing”这一列中的“Beijing is where tradition meets modernity(现代事物).”可知，北京是一座传统与现代并存的城市。故选B。
4．A　解析：写作意图题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Amazing China in 60 Seconds is a short video series covering cultural and scenic(风景优美的) hot spots across the country.”可知，本文主要介绍了北京、湖北和贵州三个地方的风景名胜和地方特色；据此可以推断，作者写这篇文章是想展示中国各地文化和美丽的风景。故选A。
B
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了沙漠的相关内容。
5．A　解析：细节理解题。根据 “Many plants can't grow in a desert, because there is not enough water to keep them alive.”可知，很多植物在沙漠中不能生长，是因为没有足够的水让它们存活。故选A。
6．C　解析：细节理解题。根据“The temperature may go from very hot at midday to very cold at night.”可知，气温可能从中午很热变化到晚上很冷，所以温度变化很大。故选C。
7．C　解析：细节理解题。根据“The sun shines on the earth and takes away any moisture there. So the ground gets dry, hot and hard.”可知，太阳照在地球上，带走了地球上的水分。所以地面变得干燥、炎热和坚硬。故选C。
8．C　解析：文章出处题。本文介绍了沙漠的特征，属于自然类话题，故可以在报纸的自然版块读到。故选C。
C
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了冰川的形成过程、冰川的特性以及不同种类的冰川。
9．D　解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“...and reflect blue light.”可知，此处表示它们吸收不同部分的光并反射蓝光。由此可推知，画线词absorb意为“吸收”，与take in的意思相近。故选D。
10．A　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Not all of the glaciers are so old, though. A number of glaciers in Alaska(阿拉斯加) are only about 100 years old.”可推知，作者提到阿拉斯加的冰川是想说明有些冰川并不是很古老。故选A。
11．C　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，作者通过列举冰流和石冰川的例子来支持自己的观点。故选C。
12．A　解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了冰川的相关情况，所以本文的写作目的是介绍冰川。故选A。
D
【语篇解读】本文介绍了云雾森林，包括它的位置，给人们带来的好处，以及其面临的问题等。
13．C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These forests are at the top of mountains, generally near the equator(赤道). These wet, wooded mountaintops are mainly in African and Central and South American countries.”可知，云雾森林位于山顶，通常靠近赤道，主要分布在非洲、中美洲和南美洲国家。故选C。
14．B　解析：数字计算题。根据第二段中的“The yearly rainfall in these areas is about 180 centimetres. Cloud forests can absorb up to 60 percent of that.”可知，这些地区的年降雨量约为180厘米，其中云雾森林吸收占其中的60%，也就是(180×60%＝)108厘米。故选B。
15．D　解析：段落大意题。根据第三段内容“Cloud forests are also home to many different kinds of plants that can't be found anywhere else. One small cloud forest has as many types of plants as there are in all of Europe. In fact, there are so many that scientists haven't made a complete list of them yet.”可知，第三段主要介绍了云雾森林中有许多植物。故选D。
16．A　解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“There's plenty of work to be done, but saving the cloud forests is still possible with creative solutions.”可知，下文可能会讨论一些保护云雾森林的方法。故选A。
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了珠穆朗玛峰是世界上最高的山峰，并详细地介绍了对它高度的测量和其形成的原因。
17．E　解析：根据下文“Different experts give different results. Also, the height of the mountain becomes different over time.”可知，此处应是不同的人有不同的看法。选项E“然而，并不是所有人都这么认为。”符合语境。故选E。
18．C　解析：根据上文“It's so cold on the mountain.”以及下文“Because of that, drones(无人机)cannot work at the top of the mountain.”可知，空处应是说天气很恶劣。选项C“更糟糕的是，大风一直在吹。”符合语境，承上启下。故选C。
19．D　解析：根据上文“That's why it's necessary for experts to reach the top to get the specific(精确的) result.”及下文“In fact, measuring the height of Qomolangma is more than just getting one right number.”可知，选项D“但是几米真的很重要吗？”符合语境。故选D。
20．B　解析：根据上文“Qomolangma was born when the Eurasian plate(板块)met the Indian plate.”可知，空处应阐述珠穆朗玛峰是如何形成的。选项B“几百万年前，当两个板块相向移动时，它就出现了。”符合语境。故选B。
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了意大利的美丽岛屿——布拉诺。那里有许多色彩鲜艳的房子，并介绍了岛上的人们把房子粉刷成鲜艳颜色的规则及原因。
21．B　解析：句意：它深受来自世界各地的游客的欢迎。between“……之间”；with“和”；over“多于”；of“……的”。be popular with sb.表示“受某人的欢迎”。故选B。
22．B　解析：句意：很多游客选择在有空的时候去参观它。enjoy“享受”；choose“选择”；dislike“不喜欢”；mind“关心”。根据句意可知，此处是很多游客选择在有空的时候去参观。故选B。
23．A　解析：句意：当你在这里散步时，你可能会认为你走在一个童话世界里。walking“走”；climbing“爬”；jumping“跳”；falling“落下”。根据“When you are walking here”可知，此处是指你可能会认为你走在一个童话世界里。故选A。
24．D　解析：句意：房子都很漂亮，它们看起来像城堡。look for“寻找”；look up“查找”；look after“照顾”；look like“看起来像”。根据“a fairy world(童话世界). The houses are beautiful”可知，那里的房子都很漂亮，就像走在童话世界，由此可推知此处表示这些房子看起来像城堡。故选D。
25．B　解析：句意：当地人可以把房子漆成鲜艳的颜色，但所有的房子都必须遵循一种特殊的颜色图案。lose“失去”；follow“遵循”；forget“忘记”；point“指向”。根据“The government will tell you the certain colour that you can use.”可知，当地人可以把房子漆成鲜艳的颜色，但粉刷房子之前要告知政府，政府会告诉你可以使用的一种特殊的颜色图案。故此处表示所有房子都必须遵循一种特殊的颜色图案。故选B。
26．B　解析：句意：在粉刷房子之前，你必须先询问政府。After“在……之后”；Before“在……之前”；When“当……时候”；Because“因为”。根据“...you paint your house, you must ask the government first. ”可知，此处是指在粉刷房子之前你必须先询问政府。故选B。
27．B　解析：句意：还有其他一些有趣的规则。lessons“课”；rules“规则”；prizes“奖品”；meanings“意思”。根据“For example, if your neighbour's house is red, the government won't allow you to paint your house red.”可知，例如，如果你邻居的房子是红色的，政府不会允许你把房子粉刷成红色，所以此处是指还有其他一些有趣的规则。故选B。
28．D　解析：句意：你必须选择一个不同的颜色。bright“明亮的”；clear“清楚的”；same“相同的”；different“不同的”。根据“For example, if your neighbour's house is red, the government won't allow you to paint your house red.”可知，例如，如果你邻居的房子是红色的，政府不会允许你把房子粉刷成红色，所以此处是你必须选择不同的颜色。故选D。
29．D　解析：句意：对于当地人来说，粉刷他们的房子已经成为一种传统。our“我们的”；his“他的”；her“她的”；their“他们的”。根据“For the local people, painting...houses has become a tradition.”可知，此处表示对于当地人来说，粉刷他们的房子已经成为一种传统。故选D。
30．C　解析：句意：他们把房子粉刷成鲜艳的颜色，这样渔民在雾中就能清楚地看到他们的房子。hardly“几乎不”；loudly“大声地”；clearly“清楚地”；carelessly“粗心地”。根据“They painted their houses in bright colours so that the fishermen could see their houses in the fog...”以及常识可知，把房子粉刷成鲜艳的颜色，在雾天，渔民们就可以清楚地看到他们的房子。故选C。
第二部分　非选择题
31．natural　32.fields　33.to reach　34.simply　35.and　36.tourists　37.On　38.holds　39.safest　40.the
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了塞罕坝林场的发展和建造过程及其发挥的重要作用。
41．A forest park (in the north of Hebei).
42．A group of scientists.
43．In 1962.
44．I think forest workers are great. Because they overcame many difficulties and planted many trees. They made a huge contribution to the environment.(答案不唯一，合理即可)
45．One possible version：
Protect the Springs
Jinan is known for its famous springs. It has seventy-two springs. Baotu Spring ranks the first among 72 springs in Jinan and is known as “the first spring in the world”. The water is sweet, fresh, cool and clear.
The “Spring City” attracts visitors from all over the world. However, there is something uncivilized. In the scenic area, you can see the rubbish thrown everywhere, and the water is also polluted to some extent. Sometimes the waste water is found to be discharged into springs, and the clean spring water is instantly polluted and smells bad.
Thus, some measures have been taken to strengthen spring water protection. Spring water provides an ideal source of water for us. In order to create a beautiful environment, everyone should take action to protect it. And as a visitor, we should view, drink and protect springs in a civilized way.