2025年人教版中考英语一轮复习资料（只抓重难点)

初三总复习
（2025)
英 语
不规则动词整理
1.AAA型
动词原形 动词过去式(VP) 动词过去分词(VPP) 中文意思
cost cost cost 花费(主语为物)
cut cut cut 砍/切
hit hit hit 袭击/打
hurt hurt hurt 伤害
let let let 让
put put put 放
read read read 阅读/读书
set set set 建立/设置
※shut shut shut 关闭
※spread spread spread 传播
2.AAB型
beat beat beaten 打击/敲打/打败
3.ABA型
become became become 变得
come came come 到来
overcome overcame overcome 克服
run ran run 跑
4.ABB型 (1) 原形→ought →ought (想买了带来打架)
bring brought brought 带来
buy bought bought 买
fight fought fought 与…做斗争
think thought thought 思考
(2) 原形→aught →aught (教抓鱼)
catch caught caught 抓/捉住/赶上
teach taught taught 教(书)
(3) 原形末尾辅音d变t
build built built 建筑
lend lent lent 借出
send sent sent 送出/发送
spend spent spent 花费(主语为人)
(4)中间去一个e, 末尾加一个t
feel felt felt 感到
keep kept kept 保持/保留
sleep slept slept 睡觉
sweep swept swept 打扫
(5) 动词后加t或d
hear heard heard 听见
mean meant meant 意思是/意味着
deal dealt dealt 处理
burn burnt/burned burnt/burned 燃烧
(6) 变ay为aid
pay paid paid 付款
say said said 说话
(7) 减少或改变其中一个元音字母
dig dug dug 挖
feed fed fed 喂养
get got got 得到
hold held held 握住/举办/容纳
lead led led 引导/引领
meet met met 遇见/碰到
sit sat sat 坐
shoot shot shot 射击
win won won 赢
(8) 其他
stand stood stood 站立
understand understood understood 明白
lose lost lost 丢失/失败
have had had 有
make made made 制造
sell sold sold 销售/卖
tell told told 告诉
find found found 找到
hang hung hung 悬挂
leave left left 离开/留下
shine shone shone 照耀
spell spelt spelt 拼写
mistake mistook mistaken 误会/弄错
light lit/lighted lit/lighted 点燃/照亮
smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 闻
speed sped/speeded sped/speeded 加速
stick stuck stuck 黏贴/将...刺入
oversleep overslept overslept 睡过头
5.ABC型 (1) 原形→过去式→过去分词：原形 + n
blow blew blown 吹
drive drove driven 驾驶
draw drew drawn 绘画
grow grew grown 成长/生长/种植
know knew known 知道
throw threw thrown 扔
give gave given 给
see saw seen 看见
show showed shown 展示
take took taken 带去/拿…
rise rose risen 升起/上涨
(2)原形→过去式→过去分词：原形 + en
eat ate eaten 吃
fall fell fallen 降落/掉落/摔倒
(3)原形→过去式→过去分词：过去式 + n
break broke broken 坏掉/打破
choose chose chosen 选择
speak spoke spoken 说话
wake woke woken 醒来
※freeze froze frozen 结冰
steal stole stolen 偷/盗
(4)原形→过去式→过去分词：过去式的尾字母双写再+en
get got got/gotten 得到
forget forgot forgotten 忘记
hide hid hidden 隐藏
(5) i a u 型
begin began begun 开始
drink drank drunk 喝水
ring rang rung 响铃/打电话
sing sang sung 唱歌
swim swam swum 游泳
(6) 其他型
be(am/is/are) was/were been 是/…
do/does did done 做
fly flew flown 飞
go went gone 去
lie lay lain 躺
区分：lie lied lied 撒谎
区分：lay laid laid 摆放/搁置/下蛋
ride rode ridden 骑
write wrote written 写
shake shook shaken 摇晃
wear wore worn 穿
初中部分单词/短语
七上 U1-U3 听写
I.单词
1 adj.健康的/美好的 fine 2 adj.感谢的 thankful 3 两把钥匙 two keys 4 pron.他们自己 themselves 5 adj.令人愉快的 pleasant 6 adj.丰富多彩的 colorful 7 adj.紫色的 purple 8 cn.谚语/俗语 saying 9 adj.日常的daily = everyday
10一次/一旦/曾经 once 11 两次/两倍 twice 12 三次/三倍 three time
13 第一/第二/第三 first/second/third 14 接下来/最后 next/last 15 adj./n.中间 middle
16 v.理解/明白 see-saw-seen 17 v.教 teach-taught-taught 18 v.按门铃 ring-rang-rung
19 v失去 lose-lost-lost 20 cn.图书馆 library--libraries 21 v.说 say-said-said says
22 v.制作/使 make-made-made 23 v.拿/拍买 take-took-taken 24照片 photo -- photos
25 cn.字典 dictionary-dictionaries 26 cn.朋友-adj.友好的-un.友谊 friend-friendly-friendship
27 v.设置/建立/一套(n.) set-set-set setting 28 adj.一些 some 区分 adj.相同的same
29 v.帮助--adj.有帮助的--adj.没有帮助的 help--helpful--helpless 30 cn.女儿 daughter
31 pron.无论什么 whatever = no matter what 32 三块手表 three watches
II.短语/词组
1 make friends with sb. 结交朋友
be friends with sb. 成为/是某人的朋友
be friendly/kind/nice to sb. 对某人友好
2 v. help sb. (to) do sth.= help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 (考察句型转换)
can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事
help oneself to... 随便吃/喝
un. with the help of sb = with one’s help 在某人的帮助下
adj. helpful 有帮助的 对比 helpless adj. 没有帮助的
3 ask sb. to do sth. 请/要求某人做某事
ask (sb.) for sth. 请求/恳求（某人）给予某物 如：ask me for help 向我求助
ask (sb.) about sth. 询问（某人）某事
4 thanks to + 名词 幸亏/由于 引导一个状语，打逗号，其后还需接一个句子
thanks/thank you for + 名词/doing... 感谢... 自己独立成句 Thanks for helping me.
be thankful to sb. 对某人心存感激
say thanks to sb 向某人致谢
5 find ①“找到” 强调找的结果 ②“发现” + 句子
find out “查明/弄清” 经过调查/研究/查询出的结果(动副：代中名中后)
look for “寻找” 强调找的动作/过程
look up “查阅” 强调在词典/电脑等资料中查找(动副) look them up in the dictionary
6 What/How about + 代词宾格/名词/v-ing... (提建议)...怎么样？
7 take photos/ take a photo 拍照
七上 U4-U6 听写
I.单词
1 adv.无论在哪里 wherever = no matter what 2 adv.到处/处处 everywhere
3 v.认为/想/思考 think-thought -thought (同款：think/buy/bring/fight)
4 v.知道/认识 know-knew-known 5 un.知识/学问 knowledge
6 adj.整洁的 tidy 近义：clean 干净的 7总是/从不 always 反否：never
8 v.读 read--read--read 9 v.让 let--let--let
10 v.来 come--came--come 11去 go--went--gone
12 adj.迟到的/adv.迟到 late--later--latest 13 adv.近来/不久前 lately
14 v.听起来好像/n.声音 sound 15 adj.相同的/不同的 same--different
16 adj.(人感到)无聊的 bored -- (事)无聊的 boring 17蔬菜(基本都用复数) vegetables
18 adj.困难的-- n.困难(的事) difficult --difficulty / difficulties
18 v.得到/去取/去拿 get--got--got/gotten 19 adj.正确的/错误的 right--wrong
20 un.早餐/午餐/晚餐 breakfast--lunch--dinner (≈supper)
21 adj.简单的-- adv.简单地 easy--easier--easiest easily--more easily--most easily
22 cn.西红柿 tomato--tomatoes (类似：potato--potatoes hero--heroes)
23 cn.周末/工作日 weekend / weekday 24 adj.真的--adv.真正地 real --really
25 adj.胖的 fat--fatter--fattest 26 adj.瘦的 thin--thinner--thinnest
27 adj.有趣的--adj.滑稽的 fun--funny 28 cn.习惯 habit
29 cn.问题(需要回答的) question 对比 cn.问题(需要解决的) problem
30 un.健康--adj.健康的--adv.健康地 health--healthy-- healthily 反：unhealthy--unhealthily
31 v.看见 see--saw--seen 32 vt.观看 watch 三单：watches 33 v.保持 keep--kept--kept
II.短语/词组
1 v. play play+球类/棋牌/游戏(前无冠词) play basketball/chess(象棋)/cards(牌)/games
play the +乐器 弹奏/演奏乐器 play the piano/guitar/violin(小提琴)/drums(鼓)
play with sb./sth. 和某人/某物玩耍
play a part/role in (doing) sth. 参与做某事/在...中发挥作用 = take part in...
play some music 播放一些音乐
cn.剧/戏剧 put on a play 上演一场话剧
2 5个和感官相关的系动词：
①系动词 + adj. ②系动词 + like + n./句子
sound interesting听起来有趣 sound like a good idea听起来是个好主意
look ugly/beautiful 看起来丑/美 look like your brother 看起来像你的哥哥
taste delicious 尝起来美味 feel like a bird 感觉像一只鸟
smell good 闻起来不错
feel surprised/soft 感到惊讶/感觉柔软
3 辨析 look/see/read/watch
1) vi. look look +adj. 看起来... look like + n. 看起来像
look at... 看....(强调动作) = have a look at... 区分：vt. see 看见(强调结果)
look around 环顾 look out of 从...朝外看
look after 照顾 = take care of... = care for....
look up 查(动副) look through 浏览(动介:无论名词/动词都在后)
2) vt. see see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事 / 看见某人经常做某事 (标志：always-never)
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事 (just now, when从句)
see a film / doctor 看电影/看医生
see my friend = visit my friend 看望我的朋友
3) vt. read 读/看印刷类 (书/报/杂志/地图) read books/newspapers/magazines/....
4) vt. watch 观看(比赛/电影/节目/动物..) watch TV/a movie/a match(=game).....
4 have fun doing sth (have-had-had) 开心地做某事 5 be late for work上班迟到
6 keep healthy保持健康 7 come out 出现/出版/上映
8 as far as I know 据我所知 9 be surprised at... 对...感到惊讶
10 be interested in (doing) sth. 对(做)...感兴趣
12 have difficulty/problems/trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
= have difficulty/problems/trouble with sth.
13 It's important/polite...(adj.) for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是重要的/礼貌的
14 solve the problem / deal with the problem 解决问题
15 make sure / be sure + to do... 确保 16 be sure about/of... 对...有把握/肯定
七上U7-U9 听写
I.单词
1 adj.大--小--长--短 big--small--long--short 2 cn.双/对 pair 3 n.价格 price
4 cn.女子/女士 woman--women 5 cn.男人/男士 man--men
6 vt.买下/带走/拿/取 take--took--taken taking 反: vt.带来 bring--brought--brought
7 十一 eleven 十二 twelve 十三 thirteen 十五 fifteen 二十 twenty 三十 thirty
8 n.衣服/服装(只能用复数) clothes 9无论何时 whenever = no matter when
10 v. 买buy--bought--bought 11 v.卖 sell--sold--sold
12 所有的(三者)/都 all 13 两个.../两个...都 both
14 一月 January 二月 February 三月 March 四月 April 五月 May
六月 June 七月 July 八月 August 九月 September 十月 October 十一月 November 十二月 December
15 adj.幸福的--adv.幸福地--un.幸福 happy -- happily -- happiness
16第5 fifth 第8 eighth 第9 ninth 第12 twelfth 第20 twentieth
17 检测/测试 a test / an exam 18 cn.旅途 trip 19 cn.学期 term
19 un.艺术--cn.艺术家 art -- an artist 20 商业 business 21 adj.最喜欢的 favorite
22 adj.忙碌的 busy--busier--busiest 23 cn.科目 subject 24 一小时 an hour
25 un.科学--cn.科学家--adj.科学的 science--scientist--scientific
26 un.音乐--cn.音乐家--adj.音乐的 music--musical--musician
27星期一 Monday 星期二 Tuesday 星期三 Wednesday 星期四 Thursday 星期五 Friday 星期六 Saturday 星期日 Sunday
28 adj.自由的-- adv.自由地-- un.自由 free--freely--freedom
29 v.完成 finish -- finishes 30 adj.有用的/无用的 useful--useless
II.短语/词组
1 v. buy buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某
buy sth from... 从......买某物
v. sell sell sb. sth. = sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人
sell out 卖完 被动: sth. be sold out 某物被卖完
sell well 畅销 (无被动)
n. sale for sale 待售 on sale 在打折/廉价出售
2 because + 从句 引导原因状语从句 回答why提问的疑问句
because of + 名词/代词/动名词 回答why提问的疑问句
that’s because + 表原因从句 对比 that’s why + 表结果从句
invite sb. to sp./活动 邀请某人去某地/某个活动
invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
4 want (sb.) to do sth. 想要(某人)做某事
5 talk with sb. about sth. 和某人谈论某事 (talk是不及物动词，先加介词再接人/物)
6 It takes/took sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 做某事花某人多少时间
= sb. spend + 时间 + doing sth./on sth. 某人花多少时间做某事
be busy with sth./doing sth. 忙于做某事
be free = have free/spare time 有空/有时间
be free to do sth. 随便做某事
take off 脱下(衣服)/起飞 反：put on / land(着陆)
take away 拿走 take part in 参加 take action 采取行动
10 finish (doing) sth. 完成(做)某事
七下U1-U4 听写
I.单词
1 vt.画 draw--drew--drawn 2 cn.小提琴家 violinist/cn.钢琴家 pianist
3 vt.写作write--wrote--written cn.作家writer 4 vt.唱歌 sing--sang--sung 5 vi.游泳 swim--swam--swum swimming 6 vt.告诉/诉说 tell--told--told
7 v.说/说话 speak--spoke--spoken cn.说话者speaker 8 adj.无家可归的 homeless
9 vt.展示 show--showed--shown 10牙齿 tooth--teeth
11 adj.通常的--adv.通常地 usual-- usually adj.不同寻常的 unusual
12 adj./adv.早的/早地 early--earlier--earliest 反: adj./adv.晚的/晚地 late--later--latest
13 v.跑 run--ran--run running cn跑者runner 14 v.骑 ride--rode--ridden riding
15 v.穿衣 dress 三单：dresses 16 vt.制造/使成为 make--made--made
17 adj.远的 far--farther/further--farthest/further 18 v.开车drive--drove--driven cn.司机driver
19 v.停止 stop--stopped--stopped stopping 20 v打架/战斗 fight--fought--fought
21 adj.重要的--un.重要性 important--importance 22 v.读书 read--read--read
23 adj.幸运--adj.幸运的--adv.幸运地 luck--lucky--luckily 反：unlucky--unluckily
24 vt.忘记 forget--forgot--forgotten 25 v.记住 remember
26 n.噪音--adj.嘈闹的--adv.吵闹地 noise--noisy--noisily
27 v.保存/保持 keep--kept--kept 28 v.感觉 feel--felt--felt cn.感觉feeling
29 v.横过 cross--crosses 30 cn.半 half--halves 31 cn..生命 life--lives
32 adj.严格的 strict 33 cn.乡村 village 34 adj.生气勃勃的lively
II.短语/词组
1 辨析speak/say/tell/talk
speak vi “说”, 强调说话能力和语言
speak English/Chinese/German/French 说英语/中文/德语/法语
speak to sb. 对某人说话 (单方面想和某人说话, 或电话用语)
generally speaking = in general 大体上说/总体来说
say 表示“说话”, 侧重说话内容,
say sorry/thaks... to sb. 对某人说(某事)
“Don’t talk in class!” the teacher says. (有“”引导的说话内容一定是say)
It’s said that... 据说
tell vt. 表示 “告诉/讲述”, 可接双宾语
tell sb. sth.＝tell sth.to sb 告诉某人某事 如：tell a story/stories (to sb.) (给某人)讲故事
tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事/物的情况
tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做某事
talk vi. 作动词，意为“交谈/谈话”, 侧重两者之间 相互交流。
talk to/with sb. 和某人交谈 talk about sth. 谈论某事物 talk of sth. 提及/谈及某事
be good at (doing) sth. ＝ do well in (doing) sth. = be strong in....
“擅长做某事...” (擅长某项技能/学科/技术...)
反：be bad at (doing)... = be weak/poor in (doing) sth. 不擅长做某事/在某方面差/弱
be good for... “对....有好处” 反: be bad for..... “对...有害/坏处”。
be good with... “善于应付...的/与...相处得好” (后常跟人/number)
be good/kind/friendly to... “对……友好”
3 also 肯定句句中，be/助/情之后，实义动词前
too 肯定句句末, 前可有逗号
either 否定句句末，前可有逗号
as well 肯定句句末，前无逗号
4 vi get to + 大/小地点 “到达某地”
vi arrive in + 大地点 / arrive at + 小地点 “到达某地” *后无地点时，只能arrive
vt reach + 地点 “到达某地:
*get/arrive/reach here/there/home/abroad (here/there/home/abroad是副词,前不用介词)
5 adj. afraid be afraid to do sth. 害怕/不敢去做某事
be afraid of (doing) sth. 害怕(做)某事
I’m afraid that..... 我恐怕....
6 v. stop stop doing sth. 停止正在做的事情
stop to do sth. 停止某事去做另一件事
stop/keep/prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
7 leave 的用法 (leave–left–left leaving)
leave sth. + 地点 “把某物落在/忘在某地” (不能用forget)
leave sb. alone = leave sb. by oneself 撇下某人一个/让某人独自呆着
leave (sp.) “离开某地” 延续表达: be away (from sp.)
leave for sp. “动身前往某地”
leave A for B “离开 A 地去 B 地”
leave out “忽略/遗漏” feel left out 觉得被冷落了
There is little time left(剩下的). / I will ask for a three-day leave(假期).
8 辨析wear/put on/dress
wear + 衣帽/鞋袜/首饰/奖章等 强调穿的状态 wear glasses 戴眼镜
put on + 衣帽/鞋袜/首饰/奖章等 强调穿的动作(从没穿到穿上) 反：take off 脱下
dress sb./oneself 给某人穿衣物 (后面只能接人，不能接衣物)
be/get dressed in... 穿着……(状态)
(be) in+衣服/颜色 介词，意为“穿着”
9 keep 的用法
1) 系动词 keep+adj. 保持.... keep healthy/silent/quiet 保持健康/安静
2) keep sb./sth.+adj. 使某人/某物保持....
keep sb./sth. doing sth. 让某人/物一直做某事
keep (on) doing sth. 持续做某事
keep/stop/prevent sb./sth. from doing sth. 阻止（防止）某人/物做某事
keep a diary / keep diaries 写日记
10 交通工具的常用表达
1) 询问交通方式： How do/does＋sb.＋go/get (to)..？ “某人如何去....”
2) 其常用回答有：
① take a taxi..... / drive one’s car / ride a bike
② by + 交通工具单数 by bike/bus/land/air/sea...
③ in a/one’s car/taxi (小型密闭) on the bus/train... (大型开放)
④ walk to sp. = go to sp. on foot 步行去某地
drive (a car) to sp. 开车去某地
ride (a bike) to sp. 骑车去某地
fly to sp. 乘飞机去某地
11 practice (doing) sth. 练习(做)某事
七下U5-U8 听写
I.单词
1 adj.懒惰的 lazy--lazier--laziest 2 adj.善良的--un.善良 kind--kindness
3 adj.美丽的 beautiful--more/most beautiful adv.美丽地 beautifully un.美丽 beauty
4 v.睡觉 sleep--slept--slept adj.睡着的 asleep adj.困倦的 sleep
5 v.救助/节约 save-saved-saved saving 6 v.忘记 forget--forgot--forgotten
7 cn.地点/位置 place/position 8 adj.危险--危险的 danger--dangerous
9 v.砍/切 cut--cut--cut cutting 10 v.喝 drink--drank--drunk
11 v.购物 shop--shopped--shopped shopping 12 cn.儿童 child--children
13 v.学习/研究 study--studied--studied studies studying 14 v.想念/错过 miss--misses
15晴朗的 sunny 下雨的 rainy 有风的 windy 多云的 cloudy
16 adj.热的 hot--hotter--hottest 17 春/夏/秋/冬spring/summer/autumn(fall)/winter
18 v.花时间/钱 spend--spent--spent 19 cn.办公室--cn.官员 an office -- an officer
20 v.横过--prep.横过--cn.十字路口 cross--across--crossing 21 cn.欧洲人 a European
22 adj.困难的--adv.努力地/猛烈地--adv.几乎不 hard -- hard -- hardly
23 v.付费 pay--paid--paid 24 adj.温暖的--温暖/热情 warm--warmth
25 cn.餐馆 restaurant 26 adv.沿着 along 27 cn.报纸 newspaper(s)
28 v.喜欢/享受 enjoy enjoys adj.令人愉快的 enjoyable 29 天气 weather
II.短语/词组
1 forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事(未做) VS remember to do sth. 记得去做某事(未做)
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事(已做) VS remember doing sth. 记得做过某事(已做)
2 cross v.“穿过/横过...” cross the road/street/river/bridge
across prep. “穿过/横过” = go/walk across the road/street/river/bridge
go/walk through “穿过/通过/经过”顺穿或从立体空间通过 go through the door
3 辨析take/spend/cost/pay
It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 做某事花某人多少时间
sb. spend + 时间/钱 + doings sth./on sth. 某人花多少时间/钱做某事
sth. cost (sb.) + 钱 某物花了(某人)多少钱
sb. pay (sb.) + 钱 + for sth. 某人为某物支付(某人)多少钱
4 turn left/right 向左/右转 turn around 转身
turn on/off 打开/关掉 turn up/down 调高/调低
5 hard= difficult adj.困难的 hard work 艰辛的工作 反：easy adj.容易的
hard adv. 努力地/辛苦地 work hard 努力工作 / study hard 努力学习
adv. 猛烈地(指雨/雪/风大) = heavily rain/snow hard/heavily 雨/雪下得
hard-working adj.努力的/勤劳的 more/most hard-working 更努力的
6(1)表示天气的词
名词 形容词 动词 修饰副词
sun sunny shine brightly
rain rainy rain hard/heavily
wind windy blow hard/strongly
snow snowy snow hard/heavily
cloud cloudy / /
其它：warm温暖的 -- cool凉爽的 hot炎热的 -- cold寒冷的 wet 湿的-- dry干的
(2)询问天气：How is/was the weather... = What is/was the weather like...？
7 get/be lost 迷路 8 be in (great) danger 处于(极大)危险之中
9 be far (away) from... 离...远 10. be close to... 离...近
11 spend time with sb. 和某人共度时光 12 spend weekends 度过周末
13 enjoy doing sth. 喜爱/享受做某事 like doing / to do.... 喜欢做某事
14 go shopping/swimming/camping/boating/hiking 去购物/游泳/露营/划船/徒步旅行
15 a symbol of good luck 好运的象征
七下U9-U12 听写
I.单词
1 adj.瘦的/薄的 thin--thinner--thinnest 2 adj.重的/胖的 heavy--heavier--heaviest
3 v.放置 put--put--put putting 4 adj.少的 little--less--least
5 v.大的 large--larger--largest 6 v.吹 blow--blew--blown
7 adj.受欢迎的(比/高) popular--more popular--most popular 8 v.喂养 feed--fed--fed
9 v.醒来 wake--woke--woken 10 v.种植 grow--grew--grown
11 v.担心 worry--worried--worried worries 12 adj.昂贵的/便宜的 expensive/cheap
13 v.听见 hear--heard--heard 14 v.飞 fly--flew--flown
15 cn.艺术家 an artist 16 v.描述 describe 17 adj.特别的 special
18 adv.相当 quite=really=very 19 cn.博物馆 museum 20 cn.导游 guide
21 adj.自然的 natural 22 un.语言 language 23 cn.美国人 an American
24 adj.年轻的 young -- adj.年老的 old 25假期 vacation/holiday
26 cn.信息/消息(可传递的) message 27 un.信息 information 28 un.新闻 news
29 v.拜访/参观-- cn.游客 visit -- visitted visitting visitor
30 北方--北方的 north -- northern 31南方--南方的 south -- southern
32 东方--东方的 east -- eastern 33 西方--西方的 west -- western
II.短语
1 few + cn.复 几乎没有(否定) little + un. 几乎没有(否定)
a few + cn.复 一些(肯定) a little + un. 一点(肯定)
2 another 另/又/再... VS other 其他的...
1)修饰单数：
another+cn.单 “又/再/另…” People will fly from one place to another by plane.
one...the other + cn.单 “一个...另一个” (数量为2，two/twins/parents 或暗含数量为2)
eg) He has two good friends. One is from Canada, the other is from the USA.
2)修饰复数：
①another+基数词+cn.复 = 基数词+more+cn.复 “另/再几个...”
I need another two hours to finish the homework. 我还需要另外2小时完成作业。
= I need two more hours to finish the homework.
②other +cn.复 = others “别的/其他的… ”
★常考：some...others... “一些…另一些”
There are many people in the park. Some are playing games, others (=other people) are reading.
③the other + cn.复 = the others “其它所有....”
Some students are reading, the others are doing their homework.
练习：
a.There are two apples on the table. One is for you, and _______ is for Tom.
A.other B. the other C. another D. the others
b. Some people like to stay at home on weekends, while _______ prefer to go out.
c. I need ________ book to read. This one is too boring.
A. other B. the other C. another D. others
d. The girl made another two friends last term. = The girl made ______ ______ ______ last term.
3 hear v.听见 hear sb. do sth. 听到某人做某事(的全过程), 常有标志词always/often
hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事, 常有标志词 just now, when从句
hear of/about 听说过
hear from sb. = receive a letter from sb. 收到某人的来信
4 get/be popular with young people 受年轻人欢迎
5 cut up 切碎 cut down 砍到 cut into... 切成 cut off... 切除/砍掉
6 bring good luck to... 给...带来好 7 stay up late 深夜不睡/熬夜
8 shout at/to... 冲...大声吼/喊 9 wake...up 把...弄醒
10 put up 搭起/举起 put away 收拾 put off (doing) sth. 推迟(做)某事
11 grow up 长大/成长/成熟 12 make a difference 有影响/起作用
13 worry about = be worried about 担忧 14 each other / one another 相互
15 be different from...与...不同 be similar to... 与...相似 be the same as... 与...相同
八上U1-U2 听写
I.单词
1 v.躺 lie--lay--lain; lying 2 v.撒谎 lie--lied--lied; lying
3 v.搁置/摆放 lay--laid--laid; laying 4 v.破坏/折断 break--broke--broken
5 v.受伤/使疼痛 hurt--hurt--hurt 6 v.击打 hit--hit--hit
7 cn.刀子 knife--knives (变fe为ves) 8 cn.意外 an accident
9 v.意思是/意味着 mean--meant--meant 10 cn.牙疼/头疼 toothache/headache
11 adj.重要的--un.重要性 important--importance 12 un.精神 spirit
13 v.决定--cn.决定 decide--decision 14 adj.困难的--n.困难 difficult--difficulty
15 v.控制 control--controlled--controlled; controlling 16 adj.几个 several
17 v.使...满足--un.满足 satisfy--satisfaction 18瞎的/聋的 blind / deaf
19 cn.乘客 passenger 20 v.筹集/使升起 raise--raising 21v/cn.咳嗽 cough
22 cn.脚 foot--feet 23 cn.牙齿 tooth--teeth 24 cn.情况/状况 situation
25 v.想知道 wonder 26 v.似乎/好像 seem 27 adj./adv.足够的 enough
28 v.死亡--adj.死的--un.死亡 die--died--died dead death
29 v.感受 feel--felt--felt 30 v.掉落 fall--fell--fell
II.短语/词组
1 seem + (to be) + adj. / n. 似乎....
seem + to do.. 似乎要做某事
2 decide v.决定 decide to do sth. 决定做某事
decision cn.决定 = make a decision/decisions to do sth
change one’s decision (mind) 改变某人的主意
try doing... 尝试着做某事(某种活动)
try to do... 尽力做...
try/do one’s best to do sth. 尽某人全力去做
4 enough + 名词 enough money/food 足够多的钱/食物
adj./adv. + enough rich/old enough 足够富/大
...enough to do sth. 足够...做某事
....not....enough to do 不足够....做某事 (常与 too...to.... 或 so...that... 句型互换)
5 频度副词: always(总是) > usually(通常) > often(经常) > sometimes(有时)
> seldom/hardly(几乎) > never(从不)
通常位于 be/助/情之后, 实义动词之前
always肯定句变否定句，直接把always变never, 其它照抄
3) 对频率副词提问用 how often 提问
6 such as/like + 名词/代词/动名词(v-ing) 前总后子/分，用于举例
for example, + 句子 用于列举某一个例子
7 can’t wait to do sth. 迫不及待想要做某事
wait for sb./sth 等待/等候
die from 死于(事故等外因) 对比 die of 死于(饥饿/疾病等内因)
9 feel like doing sth. = want to do sth. = would like to do... 想要做某事
10 make/take notes 做笔记 11 at least 至少
八上U3-U4 听写
I.单词
1 v.比赛--cn.竞赛 compete -- competition 2 cn.获胜者/cn.失败者 winner / loser
3 adj.必须的/必要的 necessary 4 v笑 laugh 5 v.到达 reach -- reaches
6 adj.仔细的--adv.仔细地 careful--carefully 7 adj.粗心的--adv.粗心地 careless--carelessly
8 v.触摸/感动 touch- touches adj.令人感动的touching adj.感到感动的 touched
9 v.打碎 break-broke-broken 10 adj.舒服的--adv舒适地 comfortable -- comfortably
11v.坐sit--sat--sat sitting cn.座位 seat 12 v.站立/忍受 stand--stood--stood
13 v.想知道--adj.精彩的 wonder--wonderful 14 adj.严肃的--adv.严肃地 serious--seriously
15 adj.接近的/亲密的 close--closer--closest 16 有创造力的/创造性的 creative
17 v.选择choose--chose--chosen cn.选择 choice 18 adj.新鲜的/清新的 fresh
19 v.表演--cn.表演--cn表演者 perform-performance-performer
20 adj.拥挤的/挤满的 crowded 21 cn.雨伞 an umbrella 22 adv.在一起 together
23 v.报告--cn.记者 report--reporter 24戏院/剧场 theater/cinema 25 票/入场卷 ticket
26 v.赢得 win--won--won winning 27 v.打败 beat--beat--beaten
28 v.带来 bring--brought--brought
II.短语/词组
1 both “两者都” 否定 neither “两者都不” 两者之一“每一”
both (the) + cn.复 neither (the) + cn.单 each + cn.单
both of + cn.复 neither of + cn.复 each of + cn.单
both A and B A和B都 neither A nor B A和B都不
all “都” (3者及以上) 否定 none “没有....” (3者及以上) “每一”
all + cn.复 every + cn.单
all of + cn.复 none of + cn.复
win the match/game/the first prize/competition (后接表示比赛/奖品/游戏/名次...)
lose the game/match/competition... 输掉比赛 对比： beat Class 1 后跟对手(人/团队...)
4 provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 给某人提供某物
offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 主动提出（给予）
5 give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 给某人
6 How do you like...？ = How do you feel about.... = What do you think of....
“你认为...怎么样？” 问看法
7 bring out... 使显现/呈现 8 have ... in common有...共同之处
9 be serious about.... = take ... seriously 认真对待 10 share... with... 与...分享
11 compete with sb. in sth. 在某方面与某人竞争 12 laugh at... 嘲笑
13 be different from...与...不同 be the same as...和...相同 be similar to...和...相似
14 in fact 事实上/实际上 15 be talented in 在...方面有天赋
16 as long as 只要
八上U5-U6 听写
I.单词
1 v.教育-- n.教育-- adj.有教育意义的 educate--education--educational
2 v.讨论--cn.讨论 discuss--discussion 4 un.文化--adj.文化的 culture--cultural
5 adj.有意义的--adj.无意义的 meaningful--meaningless 6 adj.普通的 common
7 v.开始--cn.开端 begin--began--begun beginning 8 v.出现--消失 appear--disappear
9 v./cn.承诺 promise 10 cn.工程师 an engineer 11 关系 relation/relationship
12 adj.外国的--cn.外国人 foreign--foreigner 13 v.改善--un.改进 improve--improvement
14 v.成为 become--became--become 15 v.计划/打算 plan--planned--planned
16 v.希望--adj.有希望的/没希望的 hope--hopeful--hopeless 17 cn.原因/理由 reason
18 v.期盼--adj.意料之外的 expect--unexpected 19 n.团队合作 teamwork
19 adj.简单的--adv.简单地 simple--simply 20 adj.个人的 personal
21 v.成功--n.成功--adj.成功的--adv.成功地 succeed--success--successful--successfully
22 v.驾驶/驱赶 drive--drove--driven 23 v.送出/寄送 send--sent--sent
II.短语/词组
1 plan to do sth. = make a plan/plans to do sth. 计划做某事
plan for sth. = make a plan / plans for sth. 为...做计划
2 sth. happened to sb. 某人发生了某事 区分: take place “发生/进行” 按计划/规律
sb. happened to do sth. 某人碰巧做了某事 = sb. do sth. by accident/chance
3 be famous/known for + 原因 因...而出名
be famous/known as + 职业/身份/地位 作为...而出名
be famous/known to + sb.(人群) 为...所熟知
4 sth. be sb’s = sth. belong to sb. 某物是某人
5 hope/wish/expect to do sth. 希望/期盼做某事
wish/expect sb. to do sth. 希望/期盼某人做某事
6 look forward to (doing) sth...盼望/期待做某事 7 write down 写下/记录下(动副)
8 stay at home 待在家 9 take/have some medicine 服药
10 make promises to sb. 向某人许诺 11 promise to do sth. 承诺做某事
12 can’t stand doing sth. 无法忍受做... 13 lose one’s life/lives 丧生/丧命
14 succeed in doing sth. = have success in doing sth. = be successful in doing sth.
= do sth. successfully 成功做成某事
15 lose one’s way = get/be lost 迷路 16 in the beginning=at first 起初
17 send sth. to sb.=send sb. sth. 把某物发送给某人 send a letter to sb=send sb a letter
send sb. to do sth. 派某人去做某事 send for... 派人去请...
18 prepare to do sth. = be/get ready to do sth. 准备做某事
prepare for sth. = be/get ready for sth. = make preparations for sth. 为...做准备
19 many kinds of...许多种类的 different kinds of...不同种类的 all kinds of...各种的
what kind of.... 什么种类的
kind of/a little + adj./adv. 有点儿...
八上U7-U8 听写
I.单词
1 v.污染--un.污染--adj.被污染的 pollute--pollution--polluted
2 un.环境--adj.环保的 environment--environmental 3 cn.工厂 factory--factories
4 un.和平/平静--adj.平静的--adv.平静地 peace--peaceful--peacefully
5 un.危险--adj.危险的 danger--dangerous 6 n.假期/假日 holiday/vacation
7 un.安全--adj.安全的--adv.安全地 safety--safe--safely 8 cn机器 machine
9 v.相信--adj.可信的--adv.难以置信 believe -- believable -- unbelievable
10 v.同意/不同意 agree/disagree cn.一致意见 agreement 11 un.温度 temperature
12 v.倒塌/跌倒 fall--fell--fallen 区分： v.感觉/觉得 feel--felt--felt
13 adj.可能的--adv.不可能地 possible/possibly 反义：impossible--impossibly
14 v.摇动/抖动 shake--shook--shaken 15 v.挖 dig--dug--dug
16 un.传统--adj.传统的 tradition--traditional 17 v.旅游--cn.旅行者 travel--traveller
18 春/夏/秋/冬 spring--summer--autumn/fall--winter 19 v.庆祝--cn.庆祝 celebrate--celebration
20 v.混合 mix--mixed--mixed mixes 21 一张纸 a piece of paper
22 v.接待--un.服务 serve -- service 23 v.覆盖--发现 cover--discover
24 prep.在...期间 during 25 v.增添/添加 add 26 v.回答/回复 reply--replied--replied
II.短语
1 believe sb. “相信某人”, 指相信某人说的话
believe in sb. = trust sb. “信任某人”, 指信任某人的为人
2 agree/disagree with sb. (不)同意某人的观点
agree/disagree to do sth. (不)同意做某事
fill A with B “用B把A填满”
be filled with... = be full of...=be crowded with... “充满...”
cover A with B “用A覆盖B” 被动：be covered with/by.... 被....覆盖
6 It’s time ( for sb ) to do sth. = It’s time for (doing) sth. 到(某人)做某事的时间了。
It’s＋one’s＋序数词＋time＋to do sth. 某人第几次做某事
do sth. for the first time ....第一次做某事。
fall down... = fall off from... 从...摔下 8 know about 了解
9 take one’s temperature 测量体温 10 hundreds of... 成百上千的
八上U9-U10 听写
I.单词
1 v.准备--n.准备 prepare--preparation 2 adj.有空的 available = free
3 v.悬挂/垂下 hang--hung--hung 4 v.赶上/抓住 catch--caught--caught
5 v.邀请--n.邀请 invite-- an invitation 6 adj.悲伤的 sad--sadder--saddest
7 v.接收--v.接受--v.拒绝 receive--accept--refuse 8 n.经历/经验 experience
9 v.回复/回答 reply--replied--replied replies 10 n.音乐会 concert
11 v.使惊讶--adj.(人)感到惊讶的--adj.(物)令人吃惊的 surprise--surprised--surprising
12 v.遇见--cn.会议 meet--met--met meeting 13 cn.大事 an event
14 v.建议--n.建议(2种) advise -- advice(un.) suggest -- suggestion(cn.)
15 adj.必然的--adv.肯定地 certain -- certainly 16 cn.专家 an expert
17 adj.生气的--adv.生气地--un生气 angry -- angrily -- anger
18 v.理解--adj.善解人意的 understand--understood--understood understanding
19 v.误解/ n.错误 mistake--mistook--mistaken 20 adj.别的/其它的 else
21 v.解决 solve 22 v.组织 organize -- organized -- organizing
II.短语/词组
1 un. advice ask sb. for advice 向某人征求意见
take/follow one’s advice 听取/采纳某人的建议
give sb. some advice on sth 给某人在某事上一些建议
v. advise advise sb. to do... 建议某人做某事
2 v. suggest suggest/advise doing... 建议做某事
cn. suggestion some suggestions 一些建议
3 receive /get a letter from sb. = hear from sb. 收到某人的来信
refuse sb./sth. = turn sb. down 拒绝某人/某物
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
6 answer sb. = reply to sb. 对....的回答/答复
7 no longer/no more = not...any longer/not...any more 不再
He no longer lives in Chongqing.
=He _________ live in Chongqing ________ __________.
8 help sb. (to) do... = help sb. with.... 帮助某人.....
9 pass/ fail the exam 通过考试/考试失败
10 solve the problem(s) = work out the problem(s) 解决问题
11 hang out with... 和某人闲逛
八下U1-U2 听写
I.单词
1. v.躺(四形) lie--lay--lain; lying 2. v.撒谎(四形) lie--lied--lied; lying
3. v.搁置/拜访(四形) lay--laid--laid; laying 4. cn.乘客 passenger
5. n.间隙小憩/v.破坏 break--broke--broken adj.破裂的/碎的 broken
6. vt.筹集 raise---raised---raised; rising 7. vi.升起 rise---rose---risen
8. cn.脚 foot---feet 9. cn.牙齿 tooth---teeth 10.咳嗽 cough
11. v.受伤/使疼痛(三形) hurt--hurt--hurt 12. v.击打(三形) hit--hit--hit
13. adj.瞎的--- adj.聋的 blind---deaf .小刀 knife--knives(变fe为ves)
.意外 an accident .牙疼 toothache .情况/状况 situation
18. adj.重要的---un.重要性 important--importance 19.几个 several
20. v.意思是mean--meant--meant adj. 吝啬的 mean
n.意义/意思meaning adj.有意义的/无意义的 meaningful
21. adj.困难的---n.困难 difficult--difficulty 22. v.决定---cn.决定 decide---decision
23. v.控制 control--controlled--controlled; controlling 24. n.精神 spirit
25. v.使...满足--- n.满足/满意 satisfy--satisfaction adj. 满意的 satisfied
II.短语/词组
1. 谈论健康
1) 用于询问病情/意外情况/事故/故障等
What’s the matter/trouble/problem with sb. 某人怎么啦？
= What’s wrong with sb.
= What happened to sb.
2)诉说病情： (注意：疾病是可数的)
①have a/an + 部位-ache (toothache/headache/ backache/stomachache…...)
②have a sore+部位 (sore throat/neck/back/leg…..)
③have a +疾病 have a cold / fever / cough / nosebleed
④部位+hurts(vi) … 痛 My back hurts. = I have a backache. = I have a sore back.
⑤Something is wrong with my stomach. = There is something wrong with my stomach.
⑥feel bad/sick/ill/terrible/tired 感到... I don’t feel very well. / I feel even worse than yesterday.
⑦cut one’s+部位/oneself 割/砍伤/切伤…. cut the knee / cut myself 割伤膝盖/自己
⑧hurt(vt.) one’s +部位/oneself 伤到了… He fell down from the tree and hurt his back.
⑨hit sb./oneself 打/击/撞… A ball hit him on(硬部位) his head.
⑩其它：I don’t feel like eating anything. 我不想吃任何东西。
I can’t sleep well. 我睡不好。
He was badly hurt(受伤的) in the accident. 我在事故中受伤严重。
3)对病情给出建议：sb. should/must/can/need to/had better…....(注意给建议的写作句型)
①You should see a/the dentist/go to a/the doctor/lie down and rest/take your temperature.
②You shouldn’t eat too much/ stay up late/ sit in the same way for too long (for a long time).
③You must lie down and have a rest / take breaks away from the computer.
④You’d(You had) better go to the hospital。
⑤You need to drink some hot water with honey / take(不能用eat) some medicine.
2. mean mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
mean to do sth. 打算/计划做某事，其主语常是
lonely adj. “孤独的/寂寞的/偏远的” be/ feel lonely 感到孤独的
a lonely man 一个孤独的人
a lonely village 一个偏远的山村
alone adj. “单独的/独自的” (不带感) be alone 独自一人
adv. “独自/单独” =by oneself, 跟在各种实义动词后 travel alone独自旅行
Mr. Zhang live _________ in HK. Although he is __________ on the journey to Hunan,
he isn’t __________.
put off (doing) sth. 推迟(做)某事 put up 举起/搭建/张贴 put away 收拾
give away 捐赠 give up (doing) sth. 放弃做某事 give/hand out 分发
have trouble/difficulty/problems (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
make a decision/decisions to do sth. = decide to do sth. 作出决定做某事
take risks /a risk (to do...) 冒险做某事
get into (trouble) 陷入(麻烦)/参与.. 反：get out of (trouble) 摆脱困境
10. make it possible for sb to do sth. 使…做某事有可能
11. make a difference to sb./sth. 对……有影响
12. the importance of... .....的重要性
e up with... = think of... 想出/提出
八下U3-U4 听写
I.单词
1.v.打扫 sweep--swept--swept 2. un.垃圾 rubbish / litter
3.v.扔/掷 throw--threw--thrown 4. v.折叠 fold---folded---folded
5.v.借入 borrow---borrowed---borrowed 6. v.借出 lend--lent--lent
6.v.递/通过 pass---passed---passed; passes 7. un.精神压力 stress/pressure
8.v.依靠---adj.独立的---un.独立 depend---independent---independence
9.v.发展/培养---n.发展 develop--development adj.发展中的--发达的 developing--developed
10.v.落下/下降 drop--dropped--dropped; dropping 11.prep.倚/反对 against
12.任何/无论什么 whatever = no matter what 13.v.解释---n.解释 explain---(an) explanation
14.v.交流---n.交流communicate--communication 15.v.推动 push---pushes
16.adj.寻常的---adv.通常地 usual---usually adj.不同寻常的 (an) unusual day
17.v.争吵 argue---argued---arguing cn.争论 (an) argument
18.adj.真正的---adv.真正地---un.事实 true---truly---truth (注意其副词是去e加ly)
19.v.抄袭 copy---copied---copied; copies .成员 member
21.v.比较 compare---compared---compared; comparing cn.比较 comparison
22.v.竞争 compete---competed---competed; competing cn.竞争 competition
23.v.导致 cause cn.原因cause≈reason .技能 skill
25.v.继续 continue---continued---continued 26.adj.焦虑的 nervous/worried
27.结果 result 28.调查 survey 11.v.归还/返回 return
II.短语/词组
1. borrow sth from sb. 向某人借某物(借入)
lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人(借出)
keep sth. 保留/保存/借用(for/since段时间和how long连用的“借”只能是keep)
这本书我已经接了一周了。I ________ ________ this book for a week.
return ① return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb. = give sth. back to sb. 把某物归还给某人
He returned me the book just now.
= He _______ the book _______ me just now.
= He _________ the book _________ to me just now.
② return to sp. = come/go/get back to sp. 回到/去某地
③ return home = come/go/get back home 回家
4. allow allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 被动：be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事
allow doing sth. 允许做某事
instead adv.“代替/反而/相反”, 作副词，修饰整个句子，位于句首或句末。
instead of (doing) sth. “代替/而不是”
He didn’t go to the movie. He stayed at home _____________. (前事未做，做了后事)
= He didn’t go to the movie. _____________ he stayed at home. (前事未做，做了后事)
= He stayed at home ______________ going to the movie. (做了前事替代了后事)
explain (sth.) to sb. 向某人解释(某事)
compare A with B 把A和B进行比较 My parents always compare me with my friends.
compare A to B 把A比作B We always compare children to flowers.
continue to do sth. / continue doing sth. 继续做某事
look through 快速查看/浏览(动介)
argue with sb. about sth. 与某人争吵某事
communicate with sb 与某人交流
waste time doing sth. 或 waste time on sth. 浪费时间做某事
how...deal with sth. (deal- dealt- dealt) =what...do with sth. 怎么处理/应付某事
14. provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物
= offer sth. to sb. = offer sb. sth.
15. depend on... 依靠/取决于 16. offer to do sth. 自愿提出做某事
17. as a result 结果 18. in one’s opinion 在某人看来
19. be far from 距离....远 20. be close to 离...近
八下U5-U6 听写
I.单词
1.adj.完整的---adv.完全地 complete --- completely 2.cn.妻子 wife---wives
3.v.开始 begin---began---begun; beginning 4.cn.文章 passage/article
5.adj.奇怪的---cn.陌生人 strange---stranger 6.v.报道---cn.记者 report--reporter
7.n.木头/树林---adj.木头的 wood--wooden 8.adj.勇敢的---adv.勇敢地 brave--bravely
9.v.打败 beat---beat---beaten 10.adj.明亮的---adv.明亮地 bright---brightly
11.v.睡觉 sleep---slept---slept adj.睡着的 asleep adj.困倦的 sleepy
12.v.隐藏 hide--hid--hidden 13.v.适合 fit---fit/fitted---fit/fitted
14.vi.升起/上涨 rise--rose--risen 15.vt.使升起/筹集 raise---raised---raised
16.v.使激动---(物)令人激动的---(人)感到激动的 excite---exciting---excited
17.v.照耀 shine---shone---shone; shining 18.v.带路 lead--led--led cn.领导 leader
19.n.日期/v.约会 date 20.v.微笑 smile; smiling 21.v.大笑 laugh n.笑声 laughter
22.cn.火柴/比赛/v.匹配 match--matches 23.区域/地区 area 24.虚弱的 weak
II.短语/词组
1. be/get married (to sb.) (与...)结婚
2. raise money 筹钱 raise(=put up) one’s hand 举手 raise one’s family 养家
3. so/such... that... “如此，以至于”
1) 用so的情况 ① so + adj/adv. + that从句
② so + many/few/much/little + n. + that从句
③ so + adj. + a/ an + cn.单 + that 从句
2) 用such的情况 ① such + a/an + adj. +cn.单 + that 从句
② such + (adj.) + 名词 + that从句
4. keep fit/healthy保持健康 5.take down 写下/拆除/摧毁
6.fall in love with 爱上 7. pick up 拾起/接电话
8. fall asleep 睡着(fall---fell---fallen) 9. feel sleepy 感到困倦的 (feel---felt---felt)
10.do sth. silently = do sth. in silence 沉默地做某事
八下U7-U8 听写
单词
1.adj.深的---adv.深深地 deep---deeply 2.adj.宽的---adv.广泛地 wide---widely
3.v.保护---n.保护 protect---protection 4.v.包含---prep.包含 include---including
6.v.实现achieve---achieved---achieved cn.成就/成绩 achievement
7.v.实现/意识到 realize---realized---realized 8.adj.厚的--薄的/瘦的 thick--thin
9.v.旅游 travel---traveled---traveled; traveling n.旅游/观光 tour/travel/journey/trip
cn.游客 tourist/traveler/visitor
v.称...重量/重量是 weigh n.重量weight 11.v.介绍---cn.介绍 introduce--- introduction 12.un.法语---n.法国---adj.法国的 French-- France--French 13.小岛 an island
adj.生病的 ill/sick--- cn.疾病 illness/sickness 15.成年人 an adult
16.adj.美丽的---adv.美丽地---n.美景/美人 beautiful--beautifully--beauty
17.n.调查/研究 research 18.prep.朝/向/对着 towards
.珠宝/财富 treasure .痕迹/分数 mark 21.adv.永远 forever
22.adj.现代的---adj.传统的---adj.古代的 modern---traditional---ancient
23.prep.属于 belong 24.v./cn.记录/录制 record 25. adv.在国外 abroad
26.n.人口 population 条件condition
II.短语/词组
1. sb. achieve/realize one’s dream 某人实现梦想 (主语是sb.)
One’s dream come true 某人的梦想实现 (主语是梦想/目标...)
make one’s dream come true 使某人的梦想实现
2.protect sb./sth. from/against (doing) sth. “保护某人/某物不受……伤害”
3. feel free to do sth. (可以)随便(做某事)/有时间做某事
4.be awake / asleep 醒着/睡着的 5. challenge oneself 挑战自己
6. come to realize 开始意识到 7. belong to 属于
8. trust one another/each other 互相信任 9. prepare...for... 为....做准备
10. die from/of illness 死于疾病 11. can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待做某事
12. can’t help/ stop doing sth. 情不自禁做某事 13. in the face of difficulties 面对困难
14. as far as I know 据我所知 15. even though/even if/although/though 尽管
16. be full of.../be filled with.... 装满/满是 be crowded with... 挤满(有生命的)
八下U9-U10 听写
I.单词
1.v.发明---cn.发明---cn.发明家 invent--- (an) invention--- (an) inventor
2.v.相信---adj.难以置信的 believe---unbelievable 3.adj./adv.快速的/地 rapid/rapidly
4.adj.社会的---n.社会 social---society 5.adj./adv.完美的/地 perfect---perfectly
6.un.和平---adj.和平的/平静的---adv.和平地 peace---peaceful---fearfully
7.v.收集---cn.收藏家---cn.收藏 collect---collector---collection
8.cn.德国人 German--Germans 德国 Germany 德语 German
9.adj.安全的---adv.安全地---un.安全 safe--safely--safety
10.adj.危险的--- un.危险 dangerous---danger 11.v.记忆---n.记忆/回忆 memorize---memory
12.百/千/百万 hundred---thousand---million 13.adj./adv.简单/仅仅 simple--simply
14.春/夏/秋/冬 spring(还可做温泉)/summer/autumn(fall)/winter
15.adj./adv.轻柔的/地 soft--softly 17.adj./adv.清晰的/地 clear--clearly
18.v.拥有---cn.物主 own--owner .世纪 century -centuries
20.v.握住/抓住 hold--held--held 21.adj./adv.肯定的/地 certain--certainly
22.adj.诚实的/不诚实的 honest/dishonest un.诚实 honesty
23.v./n.搜索/查 search---searches 24.v.认为/视为 regard 25.prep相反的 opposite .儿童---un.童年 child---children; childhood .围巾scarf--scarves
28.adv.无论何时 whenever=no matter when 29.adv.尤其地 especially
30.un.恐惧 fear 31.adj.甜蜜的/cn.糖果 sweet 32. v.注视/仔细考虑 consider
II.短语/词组
1. have/has been to“去过某地”(人已经回来了)。常与ever/never/twice等词连用
have/has been in“在某地待了多久”(一直待在某地)。常与一段时间连用。
have/has gone to“去某地了”(人未回)。
2. consider(= think about) +n./ pron./ doing ... 考虑
regard/treat/see/consider.... as... 把...视为....
3. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 被动 be encouraged to do sth. 被鼓励做某事
4. no longer / not ... any longer 或 no more/ not... any more 不再/不复
He _________ _________ stays up late. = He _________ stay up late _________ _________.
take a holiday = go on (a) vacation 度假 6. according to 依据/按照
7.to be honest / to tell the truth 说实在的/老实说 8. be special to sb. 对某人来说是特别的
9. hundreds of.. 成百上千的 / thousands of... 成千上万的 / millions of... 成百万的
10. on the one hand...., on the other hand 一方面... 另一方面...
九年级U1-U2 听写
I.单词
1.adj.有耐心的---adv.有耐心地---un.耐心 patient----patiently---patience cn.病人 patient
2.v.发现---un.发现 discover--discovery 3.v.注意到/n.笔记/便条 note
4.v.增加/n.增加 increase---increased---increased; increasing 5.un.知识/学问 knowledge
6.adj.能够的---n.能力 able---ability(abilities) 7.v.发声---n发声 pronounce---pronunciation
8.adj.积极的---adv.积极地 active---actively cn.活动 activity (activities)
9.v.创造---adj.创造性的---un.创造力 create---creative---creativity
10.v.偷窃 steal---stole---stolen 11.v.捆/束 tie--tied--tied; tying
12.v.死die---died--died; dying adj.死的 dead un.死亡 death
13.adj.陌生的---cn.陌生人 strange--stranger 14.adj.现在的/cn.礼物 present
15.v.传播 spread--spread--spread 16.v.羡慕 admire = look up to
.交谈/谈话 conversation .句子 sentence .秘密 secret
20.v.重复 repeat 21.v.复习 review 22.cn.生意/商业 business
23.学科名词：中文 Chinese 英文 English 数学 math 化学 chemistry
物理 physics 科学 science 音乐 music 体育 P.E. 信息技术 IT 美术 art
II.短语/词组
1. discover “发现/找到” 存在的东西从未知到被发现 discover the secret 发现秘密
create “创作/创造” 从无到有，往往指抽象概念的，如：乐曲/小说
invent “发明/创造” 从无到有，往往指实物
2.v.说谎 lie-lied-lied; lying lie to sb. 向某人撒谎 = tell lies/tell a lie to sb.
v.放置/下蛋 lay-laid-laid; laying lay out 摆放/搁置
v.躺/位于 lie-lay-lain; lying lie down 躺下
3. warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告某人(不要)做某事
4. practice doing sth. 练习做某事 practice spoken English 练习口语
5. make mistakes 在语法上犯错 6. be patient with sb. 对某人耐心
7. be born with the ability to do sth. 天生具有学习能力
8. pay attention to (doing) sth. 注意(做)某事 9. dress up as/like 打扮成/像
10. the secret to (doing) sth. (做)...的秘诀 11. connect ...with 把...和...连接起来
12.look up... 查阅 13. fall in love with... 爱上
14. treat sb. with kindness and warmth 用善良和温暖对待某人
九年级U3-U4 听写
I.单词
1.v.匆忙/仓促 rush----rushes 2.v.建议---cn.建议 suggest--suggestion
2.adj.礼貌的---adj.不礼貌的---adv.礼貌地polite--politely--impolite
3.adj.正确的---adv.正确地 correct--correctly 4.cn.影响 (an) influence
5.adj.方便的---adj.不方便的 convenient--inconvenient un.便利 convenience
6.adj.直接的---adj.不直接的---adv.直接地 direct---indirect---directly n.方向 direction
7.adj.沉默的---adv.沉默地 silent---silently un.沉默 silence
8.adj.有帮助的---adj.无帮助的 helpful---helpless 9.缺席的 absent
10.adj.骄傲的---un.骄傲 proud--pride 11.v.失败---un.失败 fail--failure
12.cn.考试 an examination(exam) 13.v.处理 deal-dealt-dealt
.采访/面试 (an) interview .要求 require/request
16.v.介绍---cn.介绍 introduce---(an) introduction 17.adj.私人的 private
18.adj.精确地---adv.精确地 exact---exactly 19.adv.很少 seldom = hardly ever
20.adv.总的/普遍的 general 21.cn.邮票 stamp 22.cn.明信片 postcard
23.v.敢于 dare 24. n.地址 address 25.adj.公开的/公众 public
.中心---adj.中心/央的 center---central 27.在...旁边 beside (区分: besides此外)
28.adj.幽默的 humorous 29.adj.英国的 British 30.讲话/发言 speech
II.短语/词组
1. sb. used to do sth. 某人过去(常常)做某事
sb. be/get used to (doing) sth. 习惯做某事
sth. be used to do sth. = sth. be used for doing sth. 某物被用来做某事
2.be proud of sb./sth. = take pride in... 为某人/某事感到自豪
be proud to do sth. 做某事很自豪
3.fail to do sth.= miss doing sth. 做某事失败/未能做成某事
4.pass/walk by = go/walk past 路过/经过 5. be absent from 缺席
6. be polite/impolite to sb. 对某人有礼貌/不礼貌
7. have a great influence on... 有很大影响 8. hang out with..... 与...闲逛
9. stop/prevent/keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
10. have difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
11. require/request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 12. be careful about/of 小心......
九年级U5-U6 听写
I.单词
1.cn..树叶 leaf---leaves 2.v.生产---cn.产品 produce---product
3.adj.宽的---广泛地 wide--widely 4.adj.每天的 everyday = daily
5.v.避免 avoid 6.cn.材料 material 7.cn.邮递员 postman--- postmen
8.adj.国际的 (an) international... 9.adj.生气勃勃的/生动的 lively
10.adj.炎热的 hot--hotter--hottest cn.热 heat 11.v.完成 complete = finish
12.adj.完整的---adv.完全地/彻底地 complete--completely .项目/工程 project
14.un.高兴/愉快---adj.愉快的 pleasure---pleasant 15.v.提到/说道 mention
16.v.保持不变(系V) remain + adj. 17.v.闻 smell--smelt--smelt
18.v./n.买卖/贸易---cn.商人 trade---trader 19.疑惑(n.)/怀疑(v.) doubt
20.v.翻译---n.翻译---cn.翻译家 translate--translator/translation
21.cn.英雄 hero---heroes 22.v.响铃 ring---rang---rung
23.adj.突然的---adv.突然地 sudden--suddenly 24.v.加工/n.过程 process
25.un.交通 traffic 26.n.款式/样式 style 27.n.网站 website
28.v./n.锁 lock .器械 instrument 30.adv.几乎 nearly
31.v.列出/n.清单 list 32.adj.低的 low 33.un.表面 surface
34.un.银 silver 35.un.棉花 cotton 36.un.钢 steel 37.移动电话 mobile phone
II.短语/词组
1. avoid (doing) sth. 避免做某事
2. without doubt “毫无疑问” 插入语，位于句中
There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问的是...
3.be known/famous for + 原因 因为...而出名
be known/famous as + 职业/身份 作为...而出名
be known/famous to + 人群 为...所熟知
4.It’s known/well-known + that从句 “众所周知”
5. ①be made of + 原材料 由...制成(看得出原材料)
②be made from + 原材料 由...制成(看不出原材料)
③be made in + 地点 产于某地/在某地制造
④be made by sb. 由某人制成
⑤be made into sth. 被制成某物
It is said that... “据说…/有人说”
It is believed that... = People believe that... “人们相信...”
It is known that... = People know that... “众所周知....”
It is reported that... “据报道...”
7. take place (按计划/规律)发生/举办 区分：happen (偶然)发生
8. divide... into... 把...分成为.... 被动：sth. be devided into... ...被划分成
9. translate... into... 把...译为.... 被动：be translated into... ...被译成
10. fly a kite (fly---flew---flew) 放风筝 11. according to 根据
12. advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advise doing 建议做某事
e up with... = think of... 想出/提出(计划/主意...)
14. by mistake 错误地 15. by accident/chance 偶然/意外地
16. not only...but also... 不但...而且.... 17. be covered with/by 被...覆盖
九年级U7-U8 听写
I.单词
1.v.哭泣 cry--cried--cried; crying 2.v.拥抱 hug---hugged---hugged; hugging
3.v.管理---cn.经理 manage---manager 4.un.价值---adj.有价值的 value---valuable
5.v.遗憾 regret---regretted---regretted; regretting 6.v./n.支持 support
7.v.教育---un.教育---adj.有教育意义的 educate---education---educational
8.v.进来 enter = come/go/get into 9.cn.警察 policeman---policemen
10.v.选择 choose---chose---chosen; cn.选择 choice 11.cn.狼 wolf ---wolves
12.n.噪音---adj.有噪音的---adv.有噪音地 noise--noisy--noisily 13.v.出席 attend
14.v.睡觉 sleep---slept---slept adj.困倦的sleepy adj.睡着的 asleep
15.v.表达 express---expressed---expressed; expresses cn.表达 (an) expression
16.v.收到 receive---received---received (区分：v.接受 accept) .目的 purpose
18.un.药---adj.医疗的 medicine---medical .敌人 (an) enemy
20.un.能源/能量---adj.有精力的 energy---energetic 21.v.阻止 prevent
22.n.胜利 victory---victories 23.n.社会---adj.社会的 society---social
.位置 position .诗歌 poem / cn.诗人 poet 26.n.社区 community
27.v./n.抽烟/烟 smoke---smoked---smoked; smoking 28.举起(v)/电梯(n.) lift
.机会 chance .野餐 picnic 31.cn.外套 coat 32.v.适合 suit/fit
II.短语/词组
1. sound n.大自然界的声音
sound v.听起来(系动词) + adj. sound like 听起来像
voice n.人/动物的嗓音 a beautiful voice 美妙的声音
noise 噪音 make noise / make a noise / make noises 制造噪音
2.regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事 3. keep away from... 远离
4.run after 跟着...跑 / run away 逃跑 5. make one’s own decision 做自己的决定
6. allow doing... 允许做某事
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 被动：be allowed to do.... 被允许
7. at the picnic 在野餐 8. at the same time 同时
9. be serious about = take...seriously 认真对待...
10. be strict with sb. in sth. 在某方面对某人严格
九年级U9-U10 听写
I.单词
1.v.更喜欢 prefer---preferred---preferred 2.澳大利亚人 (an) Australian
3.adj.悦耳的/平滑的smooth---smoothly 4.v.猜想 suppose---supposed
5.un.痛苦---adj.痛苦的 pain-painful 7.结尾 (an) ending
9.v.表演---cn.表演---cn.表演者 perform---performance---performer
8.v./n.感觉 sense 10.v.反映/映出 reflect 11.cn.战争 war
12.prep.除..外 except 对比 v.期盼 expect 12.v.表扬 praise---praised---praised
14.adj.令人感动的 touching/moving adj.被感动的 touched/moved
15.adv.逐渐地 gradually .季节 season 17.adj.智能的 intelligent
.习俗 custom 19.v.行为/举止 behave cn.行为/举止 behavior
.礼仪 manner 21.v.回忆 recall 22.交换 exchange
23. adj.空的 (an) empty....
II.短语/词组
1. prefer sb./sth = like sb./sth. better 更喜欢......
prefer (doing) A to (doing) B 比起B更喜欢A
prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A也不愿做B
2. be supposed/expected to do = should do sth. 应该/理应做某事
3. make an effort to do... 努力做某事 4. knock at/on... 敲
5.be mad at... / be angry with... 对...生气/抓狂 6.in total 总共/合计
7.in my spare/free time 在我的空闲时间 8. plenty of + un./cn.复 大量
9.in that case 在那种情况下 10. be worth doing.... 某事/物值得...
11.shut off (shut-shut-shut) 关闭/停止运转 12.take off 脱下(衣服)/(飞机)起飞
12.stick to (doing)... (stick-stuck-stuck) 坚持(做)某事
九年级U11-U12 听写
I.单词
1. cn.朋友---un.友谊 friend---friendship 2.v.称重---un.重量 weigh---weight
3.v.期盼---adj.被期盼的---adj.出乎意料的 expect---expected---unexpected
4. v.睡过头 oversleep---overslept----overslept 5. v.取消 cancel -- cancelled -- cancelled 6.v.检查/检验 examine 7.un.名声 fame 8.un.财富 wealth
9.un.权力/力量 power .肩膀 shoulder 11.cn.目标 goal 12.cn.教练 coach 13.v.踢 kick 14.un.勇气 courage
15.v.拉---推 pull---push(es) .过失 fault 17.v.思念/错过 miss(misses)
18.v.燃烧 burn-burned/burnt-burned/burnt 19.v.发现---n.发现 discover-discovery
20.adj.(人)窘迫的/尴尬的 embarrassed (物) 令人尴尬的 embarrassing
21.v.凝视 stare---stared---stared 22.cn.课程 course .市场 market
短语/词组
1. make sb/sth + adj. 使某人/某物.....
make sb + do sth 使某人做某事 被动: sb be made to do sth.
make sth. for sb. 为某人制作某物
2.except “除了” except后跟内容不包括在内，常与all ，everyone等不定代词连用。
We all went to the zoo last Sunday except Jane.
besides “ 除了...还有……”，besides后跟的内容包括在内, 常与also, another等连用。
but “除了” ≈ except 常与nobody/nothing/no on连用。
3. would rather (not) do sth. 宁愿(不)做某事
句换：would rather do...than do...= prefer to do...rather than do... = prefer doing...to doing...
4.be alive 活着的 5. pull together 齐心协力
6. let sb. down = disappoint sb. = make sb. disappointed 使...失望
7.drive sb. crazy (drive-drove-driven) 把...逼疯
8. stare at 盯着看 look at 看.... shout at 对...吼叫
九年级U13-U14 听写
I.单词
1.cn.渔夫 fisherman---fishermen 2.cn优点---cn.不足 advantage---disadvantage
3.丑陋的 an ugly... 4.v.花费 cost--cost--cost un.成本/花费cost
5.un.危害---adj.有危害的 harm---harmful 6.v.重复利用---adj.可重复利用的 reuse---reusable
7.v.承担得起/卖得起 afford 8.v.回收利用 recycle 9.v./cn调查 survey
10.v.创造---adj.有创造力的---un.创造力 create-creative-creativity
12.cn.水平 level 13.标准 standard .指示/指南 (an) instruction
15.adj.口渴的 thirsty .任务/工作 task 17.un.垃圾 litter / trash
18.v.毕业---n.毕业 graduate---graduation 19.v.管理---cn.管理者 manage---manager
20.v.克服/战胜 overcome---overcame---overcome 21.adj.残忍的 cruel
22.adj.负责任的---un.责任 responsible---responsibility .瓶子 bottle
23.v.祝贺---cn.祝贺 congratulate---congratulation 24.adj.低的/高的 low---high
25.v.分开 separate---separated---separated; separating .方法 method
27.n.生态系统 ecosystem 28.n.行业/工业 industry 29.n.典礼 ceremony
30.v.使产生灵感---n.灵感 inspire----inspiration 31.n.主席 president
32.adj.塑料的 plastic 33.n.底部---顶部 bottom---top 34.n.法律---律师 law---lawyer
II.短语/词组
1.afford to do... 承担得起做某事 can’t afford to do... 承担不起做某事
2. separate... from... “将...与...分开” 把原来连在一起或 靠近的人或物分离开来
divide...into... “把...分成” 把一个整体分成几个部分
3.be harmful to = do harm to.... 对...有害 4.take part in... 参加
5. take action to do... 采取行动做某事 6. throw away (throw--threw--thrown)扔掉
7. put sth. to good use / make good use of... 好好利用 8.pull...down 把...拆除
9. believe in.... = trust 相信 10. be thirsty for 渴求
11. be thankful to sb. 对sb.表示感激 12. be responsible for... 对...负责
13. set out 出发 14. first of all 首先
句子的成分
一、句子的成分：以陈述句为例讲解
1. 主语
主语是一个句子的主体，表示所说的是“什么人”或“什么事”。主语在陈述句中位于谓语动词之前, 在一般疑问句/特殊疑问句位于be/助/情之后
考点：1)主谓一致: 主三单谓三单 2)代词做主语用主格 3)动词做主语用doing/to do, 视为单数
a. The baby ___________(be) asleep. 婴儿睡着了。（名词做主语）
b.___________(she) is playing the piano now. 她正在弹钢琴。（代词做主语）
c. Kate and I_________ good friends. 凯特和我是好朋友。(and并列的两个词视为复数)
d. To teach them English __________ my job. 教他们英语是我的工作。（不定式做主语）
e. _____________(eat) too much is not good for health. 吃太多对身体不好。（动名词做主语）
f. What she said __________ me very sad. 她说的话使我很伤心。（句子做主语,即主语从句）
2. 谓语
谓语说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”，谓语可由系动词和实义动词充当：
1) 实义动词做谓语动词（表示主语“做什么”），常见句型结构如下：
主语 + 谓语(不及物动词vi.) The little boy __________. 这个小男孩哭了。
The fox _________ _________. 狐狸逃跑了。
主语+谓语(及物动词vt.) +宾语 My grandmother is _________ _________. 我的祖母正在吃晚餐。
He _________ _________ chess very well. 他象棋下得好。
主语+谓语(不及物动vi +介词)+宾语 The boy is ________ ________a bird. 这个男孩正在看一只鸟。
He always ________ ________music. 他总是听音乐。
2) be动词作谓语 （表示主语的特征/状态“是什么”或“做什么”) 称为：主+系+表
a. She is a teacher. 她是一个老师。(be动词后跟名词作表语)
b. He isn’t handsome. 他不帅。(be动词后跟形容词作表语)
c. My parents were at home yesterday. (be动词后跟介词短语做表语)
3) 系动词做谓语
①“5个感官”：look/sound/taste/smell/feel + adj. “看起来/听起来/尝起来/闻起来/感觉…”
+ like + n. / 从句 “看起来像/听起来像……”
a. She _________ kind and beautiful. 她看起来善良又漂亮。
b. She ______________ a friend of mine. 她看起来像我的一个朋友。
②“4个变”：grow, get/become, turn, go + adj. “变得..”
grow + taller/older/stronger... (grow多接和人成长有关的形容词)
get/become + 各种形容词 Chinese music is getting more and more popular.
turn + 颜色 The leaves (树叶) turn yellow in autumn. 树叶在秋天变黄。
go + bad (指食物变质) Fish is easy to go bad. 鱼肉很容易变坏。
③“3个保持” keep, stay, remain…+ adj. “保持…” We must keep/stay ___________(health).
④“2个似乎”：seem, appear + adj. “似乎/好像…” That boy seems honest. 那个男孩看起来诚实。
⑤“1个be”: am/is/are --- was/were --- been
★常见系动词口诀：
be, feel, keep,stay, sound, look, smell, taste, seem, become, turn, get , grow, go
“一是 一觉 二保持 四个起来 好像 又 变成五个”
注意： 助动词(do/does/did, be going to, will, have/has....)
情态动词(can, could, must, may, might, should.....)
不能单独做谓语的，需要和be动词/系动词/实意动词一起才能做谓语
3. 宾语
宾语是及物动词的动作对象(动宾)，或介词所支配的对象(介宾)。可以做宾语的词/结构如下：
a. She teaches English. 她教英语。(名词做宾语)
b. Do you love __________(I) 你爱我吗？ (代词作宾语，要用代词的宾格)
c. My son enjoys ____________(read) English stories. 我儿子喜欢读英语故事。(动名词做宾语)
d. She wanted ____________(fly) a kite. 她想去放风筝。(to do不定式做宾语)
e. I don’t think ___________ you are wrong. 我认为你是正确的。(句子做宾语，称为宾语从句)
练习：
a. Jenny is coming to Chongqing. I like to meet(接) ______________ at the airport(机场).
b. Here are some potatoes. You need to cut ______________ up.
c. Look at these cute dogs. Can you take care of _______________
d. It’s a good plan. I’ll think about ______________.
4. 宾语补足语（宾补）
有些及物动词的宾语后面还需有一个补足语意思才完整，我们常在一些结构搭配中掌握。如：
a. I found the math problem __________(easy) to work out. (形容词做宾补)
b. We kept the woman ____________(wait) long. 我们让那位女士等了很久。(现在分词做宾补)
c. The teacher told me ______________(clean) the blackboard. 老师叫我擦黑板。
(动词不定式做宾补)
d. He makes me ____________(laugh). 他让/使我笑了。(动词原形/省to的不定式做宾补)
5. 表语
表语位于系动词之后，用来说明主语的特征、性质、身份或状态等。哪些词/结构可以做表语：
His face _________ red. 他的脸红了。(形容词做表语)
Her son ________ lost. 。她儿子丢了。(形容词做表语)
c. My dream is ____________ (be) a teacher. 我的梦想是当老师。(动词不定式做表语)
d. It rained heavily this morning. That’s __________ she was late for school.
(句子做宾表语，称为表语从句)
6. 定语
定语用来修饰名词或代词, 常翻译成“….的”。哪些词/结构可以做定语：
1) 单个词修饰名词做定语常位于名词的前面
a. He likes beautiful flowers. 他喜欢美丽花。(形容词做定语)
b. Three ________(duck) are in the pool. 池塘里有三只鸭子。(数词做定语,大于1其后跟cn.复)
c. I would like __________ noodles. 我喜欢牛肉面。(名词修饰名词做定语，第一个词用单数)
d. This is __________ (he) ruler. 这是他的尺子。(形物代做定语)
e. Those are __________ (Kate) parents. 那些是Kate的父母。(名词所有格做定语)
f. Are you interested in _____________ stories 你对这些故事感兴趣吗？(指示代词做定语)
2) 短语、现在分词、动词不定式、句子 和地点副词(here/there)修饰名词往往需要后置
a. The man reading is my uncle. 正在读书的那个人是我的叔叔。(现在分词做后置定语)
b. It’s a good place _________(have) fun. (to do不定式做后置定语)
c. The food here/there is delicious. 这儿/那儿的食物很美味。(副词作后置定语)
d. The woman ______ the table is Miss Yang. 桌旁的那位女士是杨小姐。(介词短语做后置定语)
e. The boy _______ lost money cried hard. 丢钱的小男孩哭得很厉害。(定语从句)
3) 修饰复合不定代词/副词 (something/someone/somebody/somewhere, …)
的adj. 和 to do… 要后置
a. I learned ____________ ___________ about Chinese history. 我学到了一些有用的关于中国历史的东西。
b. Do have _____________ to eat 你有吃的东西吗
7. 状语
1)方式副词修饰实义动词做状语，常位于动词的后面 (这类副词多为-ly结尾的副词，well等）
a. My cousin plays basketball __________. 我堂兄篮球打得好。
b. These students are playing __________ on the playground. 这些学生在操场上玩得正开心。
c. He runs _________. 他跑得快。
d. My son gets up __________ in the morning. 我儿子早晨起得早。
2)程度副词修饰形容词/副词做状语，常位于形容词/副词的前面: very, really, so, too, quite, pretty, truly...