四川省成都市蓉城名校联盟2024-2025学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题（含解析）
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四川省成都市蓉城名校联盟2024-2025学年高一下学期开学考试
英语试题
一,阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
2023 Collection of Australian Stamps（Executive Edition）
Explore a bound treasure of gummed and perforated（涂胶打孔的）stamps presented in exclusive layouts. In addition to all the stamps released in 2023, this book gets the essence of stamp collecting with fascinating text about each stamp issue. Included is an exclusive gummed Concession Stamp minisheet, the 2022 Native Animals stamps and 89 mint stamps presented in unique layouts. This great gift comes with $124.25worth of stamps.
Our network of more than 400 Parcel Lockers are free and available around the clock, so you can pick up your order anytime. With over 3,600 locations across Australia, get your order delivered to a post office near work or home, and collect during business hours. Australia Post has partnered with hundreds of third-party retailers to provide another option for collection.
Dispatch is the time your order takes to leave our warehouse. Most orders leave the warehouse within 2 business days.
Standard delivery is free Australia-wide on orders $30+. For orders under $30, we charge a flat fee of $5.Most orders arrive to you within 6 business days.
Express delivery is $15.View current delivery times. Express Post is our fastest postal service, but we do not guarantee next business day delivery for Online Shop orders.
International delivery is available for some orders, depending on what you're buying and where it's being sent. Most orders take at least 10 business days to arrive via an untracked service. Transit times vary based on destination—see our international delivery times for more information.
Occasionally, high delivery volumes and other network issues can cause delays, as well as where the order is being sent.
1．What can we learn about the collection
A．It is issued twice a year.
B．It includes 89 stamps in total.
C．Each stamp is presented with a text.
D．All stamps are about native animals.
2．How much should we pay for the postage at most by standard delivery
A．$5. B．$15. C．$30. D．$124.25.
3．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To introduce the network of Australia Post.
B．To advertise the most valuable stamps in 2023.
C．To inform people of the change of delivering message.
D．To persuade people to buy a book including stamps.
阅读理解
Shadows are often associated with darkness and uncertainty. Now, researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) are giving shadows a positive spin by demonstrating a way to harness this common but often overlooked optical (光学的) effect to generate electricity.
The team created a device called a shadow-effect energy generator (SEG), which makes use of the contrast in illumination (照明) between lit and shadowed areas to generate electricity. It's made up of a series of thin strips of gold film on a silicon layer, which is then placed on a flexible plastic base.
"In conventional optoelectronics (光电子学) where a steady source of light is used to power devices, shadows are undesirable, since they degrade the performance of devices. In this work, we took advantage of the illumination contrast caused by shadows as an indirect source of power. The contrast in illumination causes a voltage (电压) difference between the shadow and illuminated sections, resulting in an electric current. This novel concept of harvesting energy in the presence of shadows is unprecedented." explained research team leader Professor Tan Swee Ching.
Mobile electronic devices such as smart phones, smart glasses and e-watches require efficient and continuous power supply. As these devices are worn both indoors and outdoors, wearable power sources that could harness surrounding light can potentially improve the function of these devices. While commercially available solar cells can perform this role in an outdoor environment, their energy harvesting efficiency drops significantly under indoor conditions where shadows are persistent. This new approach to maximizing the efficiency of energy harvesting is both exciting and timely.
"When the whole SEG is under illumination or in shadow, the amount of electricity generated is very low or none at all. When a part of the SEG is illuminated, a significant electrical output is detected. We also found that the best surface area for electricity generation is when half of the SEG is illuminated and the other half in shadow, as this gives enough area for charge generation and collection respectively." said co- team leader Professor Andrew Wee.
The NUS researchers are also looking at developing wearable SEGs attached to clothing to harvest energy during normal daily activities. Another promising area of research is the development of low- cost SEG for efficient harvesting of energy from indoor lighting.
4．Why are shadows considered undesirable in traditional optoelectronics
A．They serve no useful purpose.
B．They weaken device performance.
C．They are rare in outdoor conditions.
D．They are difficult to control or predict.
5．What do we know about the SEG
A．It's specially designed to work in open areas.
B．It will replace existing solar cells once and for all.
C．It's most effective when fully positioned in light or in shadow.
D．It requires a balance of light and shadow to maximize electricity generation.
6．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．The SEG is unlikely to work efficiently in dark places.
B．The researchers are looking to reduce the cost of the SEG.
C．The development of SEG is limited by its high production cost.
D．The researchers are developing wearable SEGs attached to smart phones.
7．What does the text mainly talk about
A．An innovative use of shadows to generate electricity.
B．The problems with shadows in conventional optoelectronics.
C．The challenges of adapting technology for wearable devices.
D．A need for efficient power supply in mobile electronic devices.
阅读理解
One of the most curious features of the modern world is the manner in which design has been widely transformed into something meaningless. But I want to argue design should be the crucial block on which the human environment is shaped and constructed for the betterment and delight of all.
Not surprisingly, in the absence of widespread agreement about its significance and value, much confusion surrounds design practice. In some subject areas, authors can assume common ground with readers. Other subject areas can be so difficult that how such mutual understanding exists.
Design sits uncomfortably between these two extremes. As a word it is common enough, but it is full of disharmony, has innumerable manifestations （表现）, and lacks boundaries that give clarity and definition. As a practice, design generates vast quantities of material, much of it ephemeral, only a small proportion of which has sustained quality.
So how can design be understood in a meaningful sense Design is one of the basic characteristics of what it is to be human, and an essential determinant of the quality of human life. If things are a necessary part of our existence, why are they often done so badly There is no simple answer. Cost factors are sometimes advanced, but the remove between doing something well or badly can be exceedingly small, and cost factors can in fact be reduced by appropriate design inputs.
This book is based on a belief that design matters profoundly to us all in innumerable ways and represents an area of huge, underutilized potential in life. It sets out to explore some reasons why this is so and to suggest some possibilities of change. The intention is to extend the range of what is understood by the term, and examine the depth of design practice as it affects everyday life in a diversity of cultures.
8．What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about
A．The causes of confusion. B．The significance of design.
C．The differences in subjects. D．The common ground in people.
9．What does the underlined word "ephemeral" in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Meaningful. B．Short-lived. C．Enormous. D．Hard-wearing.
10．What do we know about design
A．Design is just about arts or trends.
B．Cost factors account for inadequate design.
C．Very few are incapable of improvement by proper design.
D．The author argues that design is meaningless.
11．What is the book aimed at
A．Reducing design inputs.
B．Persisting in meaningful design practices.
C．Denying previous conception of design.
D．Clarifying the confusion surrounding design.
阅读理解
With artificial intelligence (AI) and robotic technology improving at impressive rates, there are some who worry that there's a risk of artistic and creative people being replaced. A new study by the Korean Institute of Industrial Technology, however, is showing exactly why that can't and shouldn't happen. It all started when the South Korean company posed this question: Can robots replace conductors
Over a year ago, work to develop automaton (自动化) began. At first, it was designed like a machine, and didn't live up to expectations. Then the company sought ways to improve it. In the end, it was given two arms with joints to copy wrists and elbows, allowing it to move a stick similarly to how a human conductor would move it. It was named the EverR 6 robot, and stands at 1.8 meters. It was finally time to figure out how it could follow through on its musical role.
"We got involved in this project to see how far robots can go in more creative fields like the arts, and what the challenges are," Dong-w o ok Lee, a senior researcher at the Korean Institute of Industrial Technology said.
In order to pull this off, Dong-wook Lee cooperated with the Busan Philharmonic Orchestra. The 12-minute piece they planned to perform, "Feel" by Il-hoon Son, was created specifically for this event. It was created with the strengths of both EverR 6 and the human conductor, Soo-yeol Choi, in mind.
To pull off this impressive performance, the robot was preprogrammed to conduct through 30 cycles of beat patterns. Meanwhile, it was up to the human conductor to lead the orchestra in creating an improvisational (即兴的) score, adding depth to the otherwise planned piece.
Together, they pulled off a masterful performance that the audience seemed more than happy to have had the opportunity to witness it firsthand!
With the concert having gone so well, this is only the start of EverR 6. Still, no matter the improvements they're able to make to this Android robot, the human conductor isn't concerned about being replaced.
"Let's leave the accuracy to the robots," Soo-yeol Choi said, "but the musical and artistic aspects to a human conductor."
12．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The function of the EverR 6 robot.
B．The development of the EverR 6 robot.
C．The EverR 6 robot's role as a conductor.
D．The difficulty in designing the EverR 6 robot.
13．What can be learned about "Feel"
A．It is a piece familiar to the audience.
B．It is a piece showing the human-robot cooperation.
C．It is the only piece that EverR 6 will perform.
D．It is a piece requiring great ability to conduct.
14．What role did Soo-yeol Choi play in the performance
A．He corrected the robot's mistakes.
B．He programmed the EverR 6 robot.
C．He led the improvisational section of the performance.
D．He was the main conductor of the Busan Philharmonic Orchestra.
15．What is Soo-yeol Choi's attitude towards EverR 6
A．Unclear. B．Uncaring. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful.
二、第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Traveling is what makes your life complete. You may often complain that there is too much work and no time to travel. 16． There are hundreds of reasons why you should travel. Here are only four of them:
17．
Be spontaneous（自发的）and travel whenever you feel like leaving your daily routine. It is wrong to wait far certain time of the year so that you could spoil yourself.
Your company won't be bankrupt or disappear if you leave it for a week or two.
There are plenty of people who can substitute for you and do your job while you are away. 18． Here the point is to plant a week ahead. If you work hard, you can play hard. Always remember that the quality of year work will improve if you have a good rest and let yourself relax and recharge with energy and positive emotions.
You cannot be a good employee if you are unhappy and tense.
Your family suffers, too. When your mind is free you can perform at 200 percent 19． You lose balance and harmony if you experience too much stress, perform a lot of demanding routine and constantly take responsibilities. Take care of yourself. Make sure that your well-being does not suffer.
Have a richer life if you want to be a better leader.
We all want to excel in our profession. We want to be in charge even at home. We like to be appreciated by the community. Being such a person requires several important qualities. To gain the required qualities you must have a multi-dimensional personality. The more new activities you practice, the more chances you can have to become a better leader. 20．
A. Making excuses is much easier than acting.
B. There is no tomorrow, so take a break now.
C. Finding balance isn't easy, yet it is worth trying.
D. Traveling is also a means of broadening your horizons.
E. You can do some of it in advance or you can put it on hold.
F. You are useless as a worker if your body does not feel great.
G. Be an instructor, inspire others and do what you would like others to do.
三、第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
"It's over! Thank goodness!" school was 21． and I was tired. I 22． at the front of the school bus.
Janie, the driver, tries to 23． the uncomfortable atmosphere by striking the match of talks. I try to listen 24． , but usually I am too 25． thinking about my day. On this day, however, her talk was worth 26． .
"My father's ill ," she said to no one in particular (特别地). I could see worry in her 27． . I had never seen her like this before. She always meets students 28． a smile.
With a sudden change of interest, I asked, " what's wrong with him "
With her eyes wet and her voice 29． , she answered, "Heart trouble." Her eyes lowered as she continued. "I've already 30． my mum, so I don't think I can stand losing him." I couldn't answer. My heart ached for her.
I sat on the 31． thinking of the great pain my own mother was thrown into when her father died. I saw how hard it was, and still is, for her. I wouldn't want to anyone to go through that.
Suddenly I realized Janie wasn't only a bus 32． , that was just her job. She had a whole world of family and cares 33． .
I suddenly 34． very selfish. I paid no attention to Janie because she was a bus driver. I had judged her by her job and brushed her off as unimportant.
I shouldn't have been so selfish and self-centered. 35． people is an art.
21．A． in B． off C． over D． on
22．A． ran B． walked C． sat D． stood
23．A． rest B． break C． close D． open
24．A． polite B． rude C． politely D． quickly
25．A． busy B． free C． busily D． freely
26．A． looking at B． agreeing with
C． talking to D． listening to
27．A． eyes B． face C． mouth D． ears
28．A． with B． within C． without D． for
29．A． usually B． usual C． unusual D． truly
30．A．remembered B．forgotten C． lost D． missed
31．A．seat B． house C． room D． desk
32．A．worker B． driver C． teacher D． doctor
33．A．also B． either C． too D． at all
34．A．felt B． feel C． thought D． was
35．A．Looking at B．Understanding
C． Getting to know D． Watching
四、第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
语法填空
Ryusei Ouchi takes a deep breath as he uses his cane（手杖） to feel out the edge of the three-metre-high ramp（斜坡）, walks to the edge and then drops in.
Like all skateboarders, the rush of air, the thrill of the ride, the sense of achievement in completing a trick are 36． drew the 19-year-old to the sport. Unlike other boarders, however, Ouchi is almost 37． （ complete） blind.
Ouchi was born with perfect vision but since being diagnosed（诊断） with 38． eye condition at the age of seven his sight has worsened to the point where he needs a cane to navigate his local skatepark in Tokorozawa, north of Tokyo.
Dropping in off large ramps, riding rails and even performing handstand tricks, Ouchi has impressed the local skateboarding community and earned him a considerable following on social media. He is well aware 39． the dangers but says it comes with the territory.
Ouchi 40． （start） skateboarding at 15 when his eyesight began to worsen faster. He realized he wanted to learn 41． it was too late.
Skateboarding with friends gave Ouchi an outlet to express 42． （he） and he now heads to the skatepark several 43． （time） a week. It took him a while 44． （ become） fully accustomed to the layout, he said, but now he has a good mental picture of his surroundings, 45． （ free） him up to perform more tricks.
五、第四部分 任务型阅读（共两节，满分20分）
阅读理解
Do you know that it only takes an algorithm (算法) to turn you into a Pablo Picasso All you need to do is follow three simple steps: choose, provide and create. To be more specific, choose an AI Art Generator, provide the generator with your preferred requirement and hit the "create" button. Even ordinary people without any painting skills can do it well.
Chinese netizens have been amazed and amused by the results created by AI art generators. Some platforms providing AI painting services gained more than 600,000 users in a single day in November, with people aged 25 and under accounting for more than 60% of new users.
Jia Yunfan, a 26-year-old digital artist, has been embracing the novel AI movement. He said, "I was trained as an oil painter ever since I was young. But canvas (油画布) and the realistic style are just too classic and I used to be only defined as a painter. Newly emerged art forms like AI paintings can help artists reach global audiences and broaden their artistic field." An illustrator Huang Ge from Shanghai said illustrators need time to create and they are expensive to hire, but with AI tools, hundreds of pictures can be generated every day.
However, the trend has again caused some panic about whether AI is gradually replacing human beings. "Art's values lie not only in representation but also the artist's mind and emotional contributions. Yet this is lacking in AI art. The warmth and inspiration in human's creations are irreplaceable," Ding Daoshi, an analyst said.
A more urgent issue is that there is no consensus of the ownership of AI art. Some users have openly sold some AI paintings and have earned money, but it is still a gray area about whether these artworks belong to users, the digital tool developers or even the AI itself.
Ding noted that the various sides should get together to debate the issue and come up with some accepted regulations as soon as possible because AI is already sticking deeply into every aspect of the lives of human beings.
(以下是A种题型)
46．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．The development of AI paintings.
B．The classification of AI artworks.
C．The popularity of digital paintings.
D．The procedure in creating AI artworks.
47．Why does Jia Yunfan welcome the new AI trend
A．It promotes his art career. B．It reduces his cost in creation.
C．It maintains his painting style. D．It improves his work efficiency.
48．What does the underlined word "consensus" mean in paragraph 5
A．Complaint. B．Result. C．Agreement. D．Discussion.
49．What problem remains to be solved in the future
A．Who owns the copyright of AI art.
B．What to do to ensure the quality of AI artworks.
C．How to tell human's creations from AI paintings.
D．Whether AI paintings can replace traditional paintings.
50．How do people create AI artworks
51．Who are the major new users of the AI painting services
52．What can't be replaced by AI art according to Ding Daoshi
53．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about
六、第五部分 写作（满分20分）
54． 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Jack在学习汉语的过程中遇到了一些困难，给你发电子邮件询问一些如何学汉语的建议。请你给他回复一封邮件，内容要点如下：
1.表示理解；
2.给出建议和理由；
3.表达祝愿；
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
……
答案解析部分
1．C
2．A
3．D
本文是一篇应用文。文章是一篇商品广告，主要介绍了2023年澳大利亚邮票珍藏集（执行版），包括涂胶打孔邮票、特色邮票故事、2022年本土动物邮票等。提供多种取货方式，包括超过400个包裹柜和3600个邮局网点。运费政策包括免费标准配送和快速配送，以及国际配送选项。
考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中"In addition to all the stamps released in 2023, this book gets the essence of stamp collecting with fascinating text about each stamp issue.(除了2023年发行的所有邮票外，每套邮票均附有精彩的文字介绍，体现了集邮的精髓)"可知，邮集中的每枚邮票都附有文字。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段中"Standard delivery is free Australia-wide on orders $30+. For orders under $30, we charge a flat fee of $5.(是在澳大利亚范围内，30美元以上订单的标准投递是免费的。对于30美元以下的订单，我们收取5美元的固定费用)"可知，按标准投递，我们最多要付5美元的邮费。故选A。
3．推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中"Explore a bound treasure of gummed and perforated (涂胶打孔的) stamps presented in exclusive layouts. In addition to all the stamps released in 2023, this book gets the essence of stamp collecting with fascinating text about each stamp issue. Included is an exclusive gummed Concession Stamp minisheet, the 2022 Native Animals stamps and 89 mint stamps presented in unique layouts. This great gift comes with $124.25 worth of stamps.(探索一套以独特版式呈现的背胶及穿孔邮票。除了2023年发行的所有邮票外，这本书还以引人入胜的文字介绍了集邮的精髓。其中包括一款独家背胶优惠邮票小型张、2022年本地动物邮票和89枚别具一格的邮票。这个伟大的礼物附有价值124.25美元的邮票)"可知，本文是一篇商品广告，详细介绍了2023年澳大利亚邮票珍藏册的内容、特点、购买时间、配送方式和费用等相关信息，目的是说服人们去购买这套邮票收藏册。故选D。
4．B
5．D
6．B
7．A
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新的可产生电的发明，该发明利用明亮和阴影区域之间的照明对比来发电，该设备被称为"阴影效应能量发生器"。
考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容"In conventional optoelectronics where a steady source of light is used to power devices, shadows are undesirable, since they degrade the performance of devices.(在传统的光电子技术中，使用稳定的光源为设备供电，阴影是不可取的，因为它们会降低设备的性能。)"可知，阴影不可取的原因在于它们会降低设备的性能。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第五段内容"We also found that the best surface area for electricity generation is when half of the SEG is illuminated and the other half in shadow, as this gives enough area for charge generation and collection respectively.(我们还发现，发电的最佳表面积是当SEG的一半被照亮而另一半处于阴影中时，因为这分别为电荷的产生和收集提供了足够的面积。)"可知，当SEG的一半被照亮而另一半处于阴影中时，即，光影面积平衡时，可实现最佳发电表面积。由此可推知，它需要光和影的平衡来最大限度地发电。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容"Another promising area of research is the development of low-cost SEG for efficient harvesting of energy from indoor lighting.(另一个有前景的研究领域是开发低成本的SEG，以有效地从室内照明中收集能量。)"可知，开发低成本的SEG是有前景的。由此可推知，研究人员在寻求降低SEG的成本。故选B。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段"Now, researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) are giving shadows a positive spin by demonstrating a way to harness this common but often overlooked optical (光学的) effect to generate electricity.(现在，新加坡国立大学的研究人员正在给阴影一个积极的转变，他们展示了一种利用这种常见但常被忽视的光学效应来发电的方法。)"和文章第二段内容"The team created a device called a shadow-effect energy generator (SEG), which makes use of the contrast in illumination between lit and shadowed areas to generate electricity.(该团队创建了一种称为阴影效应能量发生器（SEG）的设备，该设备利用明亮和阴影区域之间的照明对比来发电。)"可知，文章主要以"阴影效应能量发生器（SEG）"为话题，对其原理和应用进行了阐述。因此，选项A"An innovative use of shadows to generate electricity.(一种利用阴影发电的创新方法。)"可对文章内容进行概述。故选A。
8．A
9．B
10．C
11．B
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了对设计的正确解读和如何追求更好的设计。
本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查段落大意。根据第二段中的"Not surprisingly, in the absence of widespread agreement about its significance and value, much confusion surrounds design practice. In some subject areas, authors can assume common ground with readers. Other subject areas can be so difficult that ho such mutual understanding exists."毫不奇怪，在缺乏对其意义和价值的广泛认同的情况下，围绕着设计实践的许多困惑。在某些主题领域，作者可以假定与读者有共同点。其他学科领域可能非常困难，不存在这样的相互理解。可知，第二段主要讲的是困惑的原因。故选A。
9．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"only a small proportion of which has sustained quality"只有一小部分具有持久的质量。可推知，划线词"ephemeral"的意思是"短暂存在的"，作为一种实践，设计产生了大量的材料，其中大部分是短暂的。故选B。
10．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Design is one of the basic characteristics of what it is to be human, and an essential determinant of the quality of human life. If things are a necessary part of our existence, why are they often done so badly There is no simple answer. Cost factors are sometimes advanced, but the margin between doing something well or badly can be exceedingly small, and cost factors can in fact be reduced by appropriate design inputs. "设计是人类生活质量的基本特征之一，也是人类生活质量的基本决定因素。如果事物是我们存在的必要组成部分，为什么它们经常做得如此糟糕？没有一个简单的答案。成本因素有时是先进的，但把事情做得好或做得不好之间的差距可能非常小，而成本因素实际上可以通过适当的设计投入来降低。可推知，很少有产品不能通过适当的设计进行改进。故选C。
11．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"The intention is to extend the range of what is understood by the term, and examine the depth of design practice as it affects everyday life in a diversity of cultures."目的是扩大这个术语的理解范围，并研究设计实践的深度，因为它影响着不同文化的日常生活。可知，本书旨在坚持有意义的设计实践。故选B。
12．B
13．B
14．C
15．C
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了随着人工智能(AI)和机器人技术以惊人的速度发展，一些人担心艺术和创意人才有被取代的风险。然而，韩国工业技术研究所(Korean Institute of Industrial Technology)的一项新研究恰恰说明了为什么这不能也不应该发生。
考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
12．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段"Over a year ago, work to develop automaton (自动化) began. At first, it was designed like a machine, and didn't live up to expectations. Then the company sought ways to improve it. In the end, it was given two arms with joints to copy wrists and elbows, allowing it to move a stick similarly to how a human conductor would move it. It was named the EverR 6 robot, and stands at 1.8 meters.(一年多以前，开发自动化的工作开始了。起初，它被设计得像一台机器，并没有达到人们的期望。然后，该公司寻求改进方法。最后，它被赋予了两条带有关节的手臂来模仿手腕和肘部，使它能够像人类指挥一样移动一根棍子。它被命名为EverR 6机器人，身高1.8米)"可知，第二段主要讲述了EverR 6机器人的研发过程。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第四段"The 12-minute piece they planned to perform, "Feel" by Il-hoon Son, was created specifically for this event. It was created with the strengths of both EverR 6 and the human conductor, Soo-yeol Choi, in mind.(他们计划演奏的12分钟的曲目是孙一勋的《Feel》，这是专门为此次活动制作的。这首歌是在考虑到EverR 6和人类指挥家崔秀烈(Soo-yeol Choi)的长处后创作的)"可推知，"Feel"是一个展示人机合作的作品。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据文章第五段"Meanwhile, it was up to the human conductor to lead the orchestra in creating an improvisational (即兴的) score, adding depth to the otherwise planned piece.(与此同时，由人类指挥来带领乐队创作即兴乐谱，为原本计划好的作品增加深度)"可知，他在表演中指挥演出的即兴部分。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段""Let's leave the accuracy to the robots," Soo-yeol Choi said, "but the musical and artistic aspects to a human conductor."("让我们把精确度留给机器人吧，"崔秀烈(Soo-yeol Choi)说，"而把音乐和艺术方面的工作留给人类指挥。")"可推知，Soo-yeol Choi对这个机器人持支持的态度。故选C。
16．C；17．B；18．E；19．F；20．G
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了去旅行的四个理由。
考查七选五，本文是一篇旅游类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Traveling is what makes your life complete. You may often complain that there is too much work and no time to travel."旅行让你的人生变得完整。你可能经常抱怨工作太多，没有时间去旅行；以及空后"There are hundreds of reasons why you should travel. Here are only four of them"你应该去旅行的理由有上百个。以下只是其中的四种。可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出应该去旅游。C. Finding balance isn't easy, yet it is worth trying."找到平衡并不容易，但值得一试"符合语境，故选C。
17．根据空后"Be spontaneous (自发的) and travel whenever you feel like leaving your daily routine. It is wrong to wait for certain time of the year so that you could spoil yourself. "当你想要离开你的日常生活时，随性地去旅行。为了宠坏自己而等待一年中的某个时间是错误的。可知，本段的主旨是不要等待，现在就休息一下。B. There is no tomorrow, so take a break now. "没有明天，所以现在休息一下"符合语境，故选B。
18．根据空前"There are plenty of people who can substitute for you and do your job while you are away."在你离开的时候，有很多人可以代替你做你的工作；以及空后"Here the point is to plan a week ahead."这里的要点是提前一周计划。可知，本句是在说明如何对待没做完的工作。 E. You can do some of it in advance or you can put it on hold. "你可以提前做一些，也可以把它放一放"符合语境，故选E。
19．根据空前"Your family suffers, too. When your mind is free you can perform at 200 percent."你的家人也在受苦。当你的思想自由时，你可以发挥200%；以及空后"You lose balance and harmony if you experience too much stress, perform a lot of demanding routine and constantly take responsibilities. Take care of yourself. Make sure that your well-being does not suffer."如果你经历了太多的压力，完成了很多要求很高的日常工作，不断承担责任，你就会失去平衡和和谐。照顾好自己。确保你的幸福不受影响。可知，上文提到了思想自由可以超常发挥，可知本句是在假设感觉不好的情况。 F. You are useless as a worker if your body does not feel great. "如果你的身体感觉不好，作为一个工人你是无用的"符合语境，故选F。
20．根据空前"We all want to excel in our profession. We want to be in charge even at home. We like to be appreciated by the community. Being such a person requires several important qualities. To gain the required qualities you must have a multi-dimensional personality. The more new activities you practice, the more chances you can have to become a better leader."我们都想在自己的职业中出类拔萃。我们甚至想在家里掌权。我们希望得到社区的赞赏。成为这样的人需要几个重要的品质。要获得所需的品质，你必须有一个多维的个性。你练习的新活动越多，你就有更多机会成为一个更好的领导者。可知，上文提到成为一个更好的领导者，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明其作用。G. Be an instructor, inspire others and do what you would like others to do. "做一个指导员，激励别人，做你希望别人做的事"符合语境，故选G。
21．C；22．C；23．B；24．C；25．A；26．D；27．A；28．A；29．C；30．C；31．A；32．B；33．C；34．A；35．B
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了校车司机 Janie 在开车过程中分享了自己家庭的困境，特别是她父亲的健康问题，这引起了作者的共鸣和反思。作者意识到，尽管Janie只是一名校车司机，但她也有自己的生活和情感世界，值得被理解和尊重。通过这件事，作者学会了更加关注和理解他人。
考查完形填空，本题考点涉及介词，动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．"结束了！谢天谢地！"学校的课上完了，我很累。A： in"在里面"；B： off"关掉，断开"；C： over"结束"；D： on"进行"。根据上文"It's over!"，可知此处指放学了。be over固定短语，"结束"，故选C。
22．我坐在校车的前面。A： ran"跑"；B： walked"步行，走"；C： sat"坐"；D： stood "站立"。根据下文"I sat on the 11 thinking of the great pain my own mother was thrown into when her father died."可知此处指作者坐在校车的前部，故选C。
23．司机Janie试图通过挑起话题来打破这种不舒服的气氛。A： rest"使休息"；B： break"打破"；C： close"关"；D： open"打开"。根据语境可知，这里指打破沉闷的氛围。break the...atmosphere固定短语，"打破.......氛围"，故选B。
24．我尽量礼貌地听，但通常我都在忙着想我自己的一天。A： polite"礼貌的"；B： rude"粗鲁的"；C： politely"有礼貌地"；D： quickly"快地，迅速地"。此处修饰动词listen，应用副词，表示礼貌地听，故选C。
25．我尽量礼貌地听，但通常我都在忙着想我自己的一天。A： busy"繁忙的，忙碌的"；B： free"自由的，有空的"；C： busily"繁忙地"；D： freely "自由地"。be busy doing sth.固定短语，"忙于做某事"，这里说太忙于思考自己的一天了，故选A。
26．然而，在这一天，她的话值得一听。A： looking at"看......"；B： agreeing with"同意....."；C： talking to"对.....交谈"；D： listening to"听......"。根据上文"I try to listen"，可知此处指值得一听，故选D。
27．我能从她的眼睛中看到担忧。A： eyes"眼睛"；B： face"脸"；C： mouth"嘴"；D： ears "耳朵"。根据常识可知，从眼睛里能看到担忧的表情，故选A。
28．她总是带着笑容迎接学生。A： with"带着"；B： within"在....之内"；C： without"没有"；D： for "为了"。meet sb. with a smile固定短语，"面带微笑迎接某人"，with表示伴随的状态，故选A。
29．她眼含泪光，声音不寻常地回答："心脏病。"A： usually"通常"；B： usual"正常的"；C： unusual"不正常的，异常的"；D： truly "真地"。根据语境，她的眼睛湿润，声音颤抖，这种状态是不寻常的，故选C。
30．我已经失去了我妈妈，所以我觉得我不能再失去他了。A：remembered"记住"；B：forgotten "忘记"；C： lost"失去"；D： missed "错过，想念"。根据空后"so I don't think I can stand losing him"，可知此处指她已经失去了妈妈，故选C。
31．我坐在座位上，想着我自己的妈妈在父亲去世时所承受的巨大痛苦。A：seat"座位"；B： house "房子"；C： room"房间"；D： desk "书桌"。根据空前的sat on，可知此处指坐在座位上，故选A。
32．我突然意识到Janie不仅仅是一名校车司机，那只是她的工作。A：worker"工人"；B： driver
"司机"；C： teacher"教师"；D： doctor "医生"。根据上文"Janie, the driver"，这里再次强调她不仅仅是一名校车司机，故选B。
33．她也有一个充满家庭和爱心的完整世界存在。A：also"也"，用于句中；B： either"也"，用于否定句句末；C： too "也"，用于肯定句句末；D： at all"全然"，通常用于否定句。此句是肯定句，且空格位于句末，故选C。
34．我突然觉得自己很自私。A：felt"感觉"；B： feel"感觉"；C： thought"思考，想"；D： was "是"。根据语境可知此处突然感觉自己很自私，陈述是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故选A。
35．理解人是一门艺术。A：Looking at"看........"；B：Understanding"理解"；C：Getting
to know"知道"；D： Watching"观看"。此处强调的是理解他人，故选B。
36．what；37．completely；38．an；39．of；40．started；41．before；42．himself；43．times；44．to become；45．freeing
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了盲人滑板运动员Ryusei Ouchi的故事。
考查语法填空，本题考点涉及表语从句，副词，副词，冠词，介词，时态，连词，代词，名词，非谓语动词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．和所有滑板运动员一样，空气的冲击力、骑行的刺激感和完成技巧的成就感吸引了这位19岁的年轻人参加这项运动。 drew the 19-year-old to the sport 是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示"……的事物"，应用what引导从句。故填what。
37．然而，与其他滑板运动员不同的是，Ouchi几乎完全失明。空处修饰形容词blind，应用副词，作状语，故填completely。
38．Ouchi出生时视力很好，但自从七岁时被诊断出患有眼部疾病以来，他的视力已经恶化到需要拐杖才能在东京北部所泽市当地的滑板场上行走。此处表示"一种眼部疾病"，空处应用不定冠词表示泛指"一个"，eye是元音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词an。故填an。
39．他很清楚这些危险，但他说这是难免的事。be aware of固定短语，"意识到"，故填of。
40．Ouchi15岁开始玩滑板，当时他的视力开始恶化得更快。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语at 15可知，此处描述过去的一般情况，应用一般过去时故填started。
41．他意识到他想在为时已晚之前学习。结合语意可知，此处表示"在为时已晚之前"，空处应用连词before，表示"在……之前"，引导时间状语从句。故填before。
42．和朋友一起滑滑板给了Ouchi一个表达自己的出口，现在他每周都会去滑板场几次。空处作动词express的宾语，且宾语与Ouchi一致，所以空处应用反身代词himself，表示"他自己"。故填himself。
43．和朋友一起滑滑板给了Ouchi一个表达自己的出口，现在他每周都会去滑板场几次。several表示"几个，数个"，修饰可数名词的复数形式，time表示"次"，复数形式为times。故填times。
44．他说，他花了一段时间才完全习惯这种安排，但现在他对周围的环境有了一个很好的心理画面，这让他可以自由地表演更多的把戏。It took sb. some time to do sth固定句式，"某人花费多长时间做某事"，其中it为形式主语，所以空处应用动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to become。
45．他说，他花了一段时间才完全习惯这种安排，但现在他对周围的环境有了一个很好的心理画面，这让他可以自由地表演更多的技巧。free与逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填freeing。
46．D
47．A
48．C
49．A
50．By following three simple steps: choose, provide and create.
51．People aged 25 and under.
52．The warmth and inspiration in human's creations.
53．Different opinions on the ownership of AI art.
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了AI艺术作品的创作过程、人们对于AI艺术品的不同观点以及针对AI艺术品所需要解决的问题。
本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意五个题型的考查，是一篇艺术类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而做出正确答案。
46．考查段落大意。根据第一段"Do you know that it only takes an algorithm (算法) to turn you into a Pablo Picasso All you need to do is follow three simple steps: choose, provide and create. To be more specific, choose an AI Art Generator, provide the generator with your preferred requirement and hit the ‘create' button. Even ordinary people without any painting skills can do it well."你知道只需要一个算法就能把你变成巴勃罗·毕加索吗？您所需要做的就是遵循三个简单的步骤：选择、提供和创建。更具体地说，选择一个AI艺术生成器，向生成器提供您的首选要求，然后点击‘创建'按钮。即使是没有任何绘画技巧的普通人也能做得很好。可知，此段阐述如何用算法生成绘画，选择一个AI艺术生成器，向生成器提供您的首选要求，然后点击‘创建'按钮，就可以完成；可推断，第一段主要阐述了AI艺术作品的创作步骤。故选D。
47．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Jia Yunfan, a 26-year-old digital artist, has been embracing the novel AI movement. He said, ‘I was trained as an oil painter ever since I was young. But canvas (油画布) and the realistic style are just too classic and I used to be only defined as a painter. Newly emerged art forms like AI paintings can help artists reach global audiences and broaden their artistic field.'"26岁的数字艺术家贾云帆一直欣然接受这种新颖的人工智能运动。他说："我从小就被训练成一名油画画家。但油画布和现实主义的风格太经典了，我过去只被定义为一个画家。AI绘画等新出现的艺术形式可以帮助艺术家接触全球观众，拓宽他们的艺术领域。"可知，贾云帆欢迎这种新的AI趋势，他认为这种新趋势促进他的艺术事业的发展。故选A。
48．考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的"Some users have openly sold some AI paintings and have earned money, but it is still a gray area about whether these artworks belong to users, the digital tool developers or even the AI itself."一些用户公开出售了一些人工智能绘画并赚了钱，但这些艺术作品是否属于用户、数字工具开发者甚至人工智能本身，仍然是一个灰色地带。可知，对于人工智能绘画艺术作品是属于用户、数字工具开发者还是属于人工智能本身，意见不一致，可推知"A more urgent issue is that there is no consensus of the ownership of AI art."一个更紧迫的问题是，人工智能艺术品的所有权还没有consensus。阐述的是针对人工智能艺术作品的所有权问题人们意见不一致，consensus是"一致的意见，共识"之意。故选C。
49．考查推理判断。根据第五段"A more urgent issue is that there is no consensus of the ownership of AI art. Some users have openly sold some AI paintings and have earned money, but it is still a gray area about whether these artworks belong to users, the digital tool developers or even the AI itself."一个更紧迫的问题是，对人工智能艺术的所有权没有达成共识。一些用户公开出售了一些人工智能绘画，并赚了钱，但这些艺术品是否属于用户、数字工具开发人员甚至人工智能本身，仍然是一个灰色地带；以及最后一段"Ding noted that the various sides should get together to debate the issue and come up with some accepted regulations as soon as possible because AI is already sticking deeply into every aspect of the lives of human beings."丁指出，各方应该聚在一起讨论这个问题，并尽快制定一些公认的法规，因为人工智能已经深入到人类生活的方方面面。可知，未来应解决人工智能艺术品的所有权问题。故选A。
50．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"All you need to do is follow three simple steps: choose, provide and create."您所需要做的只是遵循三个简单的步骤：选择、提供和创建。可知，人们创造人工智能艺术仅需要遵循三个步骤：选择、提供和创建。故答案为：By following three simple steps: choose, provide and create.
51．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Some platforms providing AI painting services gained more than 600,000 users in a single day in November, with people aged 25 and under accounting for more than 60% of new users."11月，一些提供AI绘画服务的平台单日新增用户超过60万，25岁及以下的用户占新用户的60%以上。可知，人工智能绘画服务的新用户主要是年龄在25岁以及25岁以下的用户。故答案为：People aged 25 and under.
52．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"‘Art's values lie not only in representation but also the artist's mind and emotional contributions. Yet this is lacking in AI art. The warmth and inspiration in human's creations are irreplaceable,' Ding Daoshi, an analyst said."‘艺术的价值不仅在于表现形式，还在于艺术家的思想和情感贡献。然而这在人工智能艺术中是缺乏的。人类作品中的温暖和灵感是不可替代的，'分析师丁道石说。可知，丁道石认为人类作品中的温暖和灵感是人工智能艺术不能替代的。故答案为：The warmth and inspiration in human's creations.
53．考查主旨大意。根据第五段中的"A more urgent issue is that there is no consensus of the ownership of AI art. Some users have openly sold some AI paintings and have earned money, but it is still a gray area about whether these artworks belong to users, the digital tool developers or even the AI itself."一个更紧迫的问题是，对人工智能艺术的所有权没有共识。一些用户公开出售了一些人工智能绘画，并赚了钱，但这些艺术品是否属于用户、数字工具开发人员甚至人工智能本身，仍然是一个灰色地带。可知此段主要阐述了人们对于人工智能艺术作品的所有权没有达成共识，意见不一致。故答案为Different opinions on the ownership of AI art.
54．Dear Jack,
I'm really pleased to hear from you. You mentioned in the email that you had trouble in learning Chinese, which actually is very common as Chinese is a hard language. There are some pieces of advice that may help you.
To begin with, Talking with Chinese friends or writing in Chinese will serve as good options. Besides, it may be of great help with a professional teacher helping you. Last but not the least, stick to it. While the process can be hard, all the efforts you make will pay off.
I'm looking forward to the day when we can talk freely in Chinese.
Yours,
Li Hua
本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份，写一封回复邮件，针对英国笔友Jack在学习汉语过程中遇到的困难给出建议。内容应围绕理解Jack的困难、给出具体建议和理由、以及表达祝愿三个方面展开。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
本文内容清晰、结构完整，给出了针对Jack学习汉语困难的具体建议文中有一些好的词句，例如：I'm really pleased to hear from you. 运用了不定式作原因状语； You mentioned in the email that you had trouble in learning Chinese, which actually is very common as Chinese is a hard language. 运用了宾语从句，非限制性定语从句；There are some pieces of advice that may help you.运用了there be句式，限制性定语从句；To begin with, Talking with Chinese friends or writing in Chinese will serve as good options. 运用了动名词作主语； Last but not the least, stick to it. 运用了祈使句； While the process can be hard, all the efforts you make
will pay off.运用了让步状语从句；I'm looking forward to the day when we can talk freely in Chinese.运用了限制性定语从句。
英语试题
一,阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
2023 Collection of Australian Stamps（Executive Edition）
Explore a bound treasure of gummed and perforated（涂胶打孔的）stamps presented in exclusive layouts. In addition to all the stamps released in 2023, this book gets the essence of stamp collecting with fascinating text about each stamp issue. Included is an exclusive gummed Concession Stamp minisheet, the 2022 Native Animals stamps and 89 mint stamps presented in unique layouts. This great gift comes with $124.25worth of stamps.
Our network of more than 400 Parcel Lockers are free and available around the clock, so you can pick up your order anytime. With over 3,600 locations across Australia, get your order delivered to a post office near work or home, and collect during business hours. Australia Post has partnered with hundreds of third-party retailers to provide another option for collection.
Dispatch is the time your order takes to leave our warehouse. Most orders leave the warehouse within 2 business days.
Standard delivery is free Australia-wide on orders $30+. For orders under $30, we charge a flat fee of $5.Most orders arrive to you within 6 business days.
Express delivery is $15.View current delivery times. Express Post is our fastest postal service, but we do not guarantee next business day delivery for Online Shop orders.
International delivery is available for some orders, depending on what you're buying and where it's being sent. Most orders take at least 10 business days to arrive via an untracked service. Transit times vary based on destination—see our international delivery times for more information.
Occasionally, high delivery volumes and other network issues can cause delays, as well as where the order is being sent.
1．What can we learn about the collection
A．It is issued twice a year.
B．It includes 89 stamps in total.
C．Each stamp is presented with a text.
D．All stamps are about native animals.
2．How much should we pay for the postage at most by standard delivery
A．$5. B．$15. C．$30. D．$124.25.
3．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To introduce the network of Australia Post.
B．To advertise the most valuable stamps in 2023.
C．To inform people of the change of delivering message.
D．To persuade people to buy a book including stamps.
阅读理解
Shadows are often associated with darkness and uncertainty. Now, researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) are giving shadows a positive spin by demonstrating a way to harness this common but often overlooked optical (光学的) effect to generate electricity.
The team created a device called a shadow-effect energy generator (SEG), which makes use of the contrast in illumination (照明) between lit and shadowed areas to generate electricity. It's made up of a series of thin strips of gold film on a silicon layer, which is then placed on a flexible plastic base.
"In conventional optoelectronics (光电子学) where a steady source of light is used to power devices, shadows are undesirable, since they degrade the performance of devices. In this work, we took advantage of the illumination contrast caused by shadows as an indirect source of power. The contrast in illumination causes a voltage (电压) difference between the shadow and illuminated sections, resulting in an electric current. This novel concept of harvesting energy in the presence of shadows is unprecedented." explained research team leader Professor Tan Swee Ching.
Mobile electronic devices such as smart phones, smart glasses and e-watches require efficient and continuous power supply. As these devices are worn both indoors and outdoors, wearable power sources that could harness surrounding light can potentially improve the function of these devices. While commercially available solar cells can perform this role in an outdoor environment, their energy harvesting efficiency drops significantly under indoor conditions where shadows are persistent. This new approach to maximizing the efficiency of energy harvesting is both exciting and timely.
"When the whole SEG is under illumination or in shadow, the amount of electricity generated is very low or none at all. When a part of the SEG is illuminated, a significant electrical output is detected. We also found that the best surface area for electricity generation is when half of the SEG is illuminated and the other half in shadow, as this gives enough area for charge generation and collection respectively." said co- team leader Professor Andrew Wee.
The NUS researchers are also looking at developing wearable SEGs attached to clothing to harvest energy during normal daily activities. Another promising area of research is the development of low- cost SEG for efficient harvesting of energy from indoor lighting.
4．Why are shadows considered undesirable in traditional optoelectronics
A．They serve no useful purpose.
B．They weaken device performance.
C．They are rare in outdoor conditions.
D．They are difficult to control or predict.
5．What do we know about the SEG
A．It's specially designed to work in open areas.
B．It will replace existing solar cells once and for all.
C．It's most effective when fully positioned in light or in shadow.
D．It requires a balance of light and shadow to maximize electricity generation.
6．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A．The SEG is unlikely to work efficiently in dark places.
B．The researchers are looking to reduce the cost of the SEG.
C．The development of SEG is limited by its high production cost.
D．The researchers are developing wearable SEGs attached to smart phones.
7．What does the text mainly talk about
A．An innovative use of shadows to generate electricity.
B．The problems with shadows in conventional optoelectronics.
C．The challenges of adapting technology for wearable devices.
D．A need for efficient power supply in mobile electronic devices.
阅读理解
One of the most curious features of the modern world is the manner in which design has been widely transformed into something meaningless. But I want to argue design should be the crucial block on which the human environment is shaped and constructed for the betterment and delight of all.
Not surprisingly, in the absence of widespread agreement about its significance and value, much confusion surrounds design practice. In some subject areas, authors can assume common ground with readers. Other subject areas can be so difficult that how such mutual understanding exists.
Design sits uncomfortably between these two extremes. As a word it is common enough, but it is full of disharmony, has innumerable manifestations （表现）, and lacks boundaries that give clarity and definition. As a practice, design generates vast quantities of material, much of it ephemeral, only a small proportion of which has sustained quality.
So how can design be understood in a meaningful sense Design is one of the basic characteristics of what it is to be human, and an essential determinant of the quality of human life. If things are a necessary part of our existence, why are they often done so badly There is no simple answer. Cost factors are sometimes advanced, but the remove between doing something well or badly can be exceedingly small, and cost factors can in fact be reduced by appropriate design inputs.
This book is based on a belief that design matters profoundly to us all in innumerable ways and represents an area of huge, underutilized potential in life. It sets out to explore some reasons why this is so and to suggest some possibilities of change. The intention is to extend the range of what is understood by the term, and examine the depth of design practice as it affects everyday life in a diversity of cultures.
8．What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about
A．The causes of confusion. B．The significance of design.
C．The differences in subjects. D．The common ground in people.
9．What does the underlined word "ephemeral" in Paragraph 3 mean
A．Meaningful. B．Short-lived. C．Enormous. D．Hard-wearing.
10．What do we know about design
A．Design is just about arts or trends.
B．Cost factors account for inadequate design.
C．Very few are incapable of improvement by proper design.
D．The author argues that design is meaningless.
11．What is the book aimed at
A．Reducing design inputs.
B．Persisting in meaningful design practices.
C．Denying previous conception of design.
D．Clarifying the confusion surrounding design.
阅读理解
With artificial intelligence (AI) and robotic technology improving at impressive rates, there are some who worry that there's a risk of artistic and creative people being replaced. A new study by the Korean Institute of Industrial Technology, however, is showing exactly why that can't and shouldn't happen. It all started when the South Korean company posed this question: Can robots replace conductors
Over a year ago, work to develop automaton (自动化) began. At first, it was designed like a machine, and didn't live up to expectations. Then the company sought ways to improve it. In the end, it was given two arms with joints to copy wrists and elbows, allowing it to move a stick similarly to how a human conductor would move it. It was named the EverR 6 robot, and stands at 1.8 meters. It was finally time to figure out how it could follow through on its musical role.
"We got involved in this project to see how far robots can go in more creative fields like the arts, and what the challenges are," Dong-w o ok Lee, a senior researcher at the Korean Institute of Industrial Technology said.
In order to pull this off, Dong-wook Lee cooperated with the Busan Philharmonic Orchestra. The 12-minute piece they planned to perform, "Feel" by Il-hoon Son, was created specifically for this event. It was created with the strengths of both EverR 6 and the human conductor, Soo-yeol Choi, in mind.
To pull off this impressive performance, the robot was preprogrammed to conduct through 30 cycles of beat patterns. Meanwhile, it was up to the human conductor to lead the orchestra in creating an improvisational (即兴的) score, adding depth to the otherwise planned piece.
Together, they pulled off a masterful performance that the audience seemed more than happy to have had the opportunity to witness it firsthand!
With the concert having gone so well, this is only the start of EverR 6. Still, no matter the improvements they're able to make to this Android robot, the human conductor isn't concerned about being replaced.
"Let's leave the accuracy to the robots," Soo-yeol Choi said, "but the musical and artistic aspects to a human conductor."
12．What is paragraph 2 mainly about
A．The function of the EverR 6 robot.
B．The development of the EverR 6 robot.
C．The EverR 6 robot's role as a conductor.
D．The difficulty in designing the EverR 6 robot.
13．What can be learned about "Feel"
A．It is a piece familiar to the audience.
B．It is a piece showing the human-robot cooperation.
C．It is the only piece that EverR 6 will perform.
D．It is a piece requiring great ability to conduct.
14．What role did Soo-yeol Choi play in the performance
A．He corrected the robot's mistakes.
B．He programmed the EverR 6 robot.
C．He led the improvisational section of the performance.
D．He was the main conductor of the Busan Philharmonic Orchestra.
15．What is Soo-yeol Choi's attitude towards EverR 6
A．Unclear. B．Uncaring. C．Supportive. D．Doubtful.
二、第二节（共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Traveling is what makes your life complete. You may often complain that there is too much work and no time to travel. 16． There are hundreds of reasons why you should travel. Here are only four of them:
17．
Be spontaneous（自发的）and travel whenever you feel like leaving your daily routine. It is wrong to wait far certain time of the year so that you could spoil yourself.
Your company won't be bankrupt or disappear if you leave it for a week or two.
There are plenty of people who can substitute for you and do your job while you are away. 18． Here the point is to plant a week ahead. If you work hard, you can play hard. Always remember that the quality of year work will improve if you have a good rest and let yourself relax and recharge with energy and positive emotions.
You cannot be a good employee if you are unhappy and tense.
Your family suffers, too. When your mind is free you can perform at 200 percent 19． You lose balance and harmony if you experience too much stress, perform a lot of demanding routine and constantly take responsibilities. Take care of yourself. Make sure that your well-being does not suffer.
Have a richer life if you want to be a better leader.
We all want to excel in our profession. We want to be in charge even at home. We like to be appreciated by the community. Being such a person requires several important qualities. To gain the required qualities you must have a multi-dimensional personality. The more new activities you practice, the more chances you can have to become a better leader. 20．
A. Making excuses is much easier than acting.
B. There is no tomorrow, so take a break now.
C. Finding balance isn't easy, yet it is worth trying.
D. Traveling is also a means of broadening your horizons.
E. You can do some of it in advance or you can put it on hold.
F. You are useless as a worker if your body does not feel great.
G. Be an instructor, inspire others and do what you would like others to do.
三、第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项。
"It's over! Thank goodness!" school was 21． and I was tired. I 22． at the front of the school bus.
Janie, the driver, tries to 23． the uncomfortable atmosphere by striking the match of talks. I try to listen 24． , but usually I am too 25． thinking about my day. On this day, however, her talk was worth 26． .
"My father's ill ," she said to no one in particular (特别地). I could see worry in her 27． . I had never seen her like this before. She always meets students 28． a smile.
With a sudden change of interest, I asked, " what's wrong with him "
With her eyes wet and her voice 29． , she answered, "Heart trouble." Her eyes lowered as she continued. "I've already 30． my mum, so I don't think I can stand losing him." I couldn't answer. My heart ached for her.
I sat on the 31． thinking of the great pain my own mother was thrown into when her father died. I saw how hard it was, and still is, for her. I wouldn't want to anyone to go through that.
Suddenly I realized Janie wasn't only a bus 32． , that was just her job. She had a whole world of family and cares 33． .
I suddenly 34． very selfish. I paid no attention to Janie because she was a bus driver. I had judged her by her job and brushed her off as unimportant.
I shouldn't have been so selfish and self-centered. 35． people is an art.
21．A． in B． off C． over D． on
22．A． ran B． walked C． sat D． stood
23．A． rest B． break C． close D． open
24．A． polite B． rude C． politely D． quickly
25．A． busy B． free C． busily D． freely
26．A． looking at B． agreeing with
C． talking to D． listening to
27．A． eyes B． face C． mouth D． ears
28．A． with B． within C． without D． for
29．A． usually B． usual C． unusual D． truly
30．A．remembered B．forgotten C． lost D． missed
31．A．seat B． house C． room D． desk
32．A．worker B． driver C． teacher D． doctor
33．A．also B． either C． too D． at all
34．A．felt B． feel C． thought D． was
35．A．Looking at B．Understanding
C． Getting to know D． Watching
四、第二节（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）
语法填空
Ryusei Ouchi takes a deep breath as he uses his cane（手杖） to feel out the edge of the three-metre-high ramp（斜坡）, walks to the edge and then drops in.
Like all skateboarders, the rush of air, the thrill of the ride, the sense of achievement in completing a trick are 36． drew the 19-year-old to the sport. Unlike other boarders, however, Ouchi is almost 37． （ complete） blind.
Ouchi was born with perfect vision but since being diagnosed（诊断） with 38． eye condition at the age of seven his sight has worsened to the point where he needs a cane to navigate his local skatepark in Tokorozawa, north of Tokyo.
Dropping in off large ramps, riding rails and even performing handstand tricks, Ouchi has impressed the local skateboarding community and earned him a considerable following on social media. He is well aware 39． the dangers but says it comes with the territory.
Ouchi 40． （start） skateboarding at 15 when his eyesight began to worsen faster. He realized he wanted to learn 41． it was too late.
Skateboarding with friends gave Ouchi an outlet to express 42． （he） and he now heads to the skatepark several 43． （time） a week. It took him a while 44． （ become） fully accustomed to the layout, he said, but now he has a good mental picture of his surroundings, 45． （ free） him up to perform more tricks.
五、第四部分 任务型阅读（共两节，满分20分）
阅读理解
Do you know that it only takes an algorithm (算法) to turn you into a Pablo Picasso All you need to do is follow three simple steps: choose, provide and create. To be more specific, choose an AI Art Generator, provide the generator with your preferred requirement and hit the "create" button. Even ordinary people without any painting skills can do it well.
Chinese netizens have been amazed and amused by the results created by AI art generators. Some platforms providing AI painting services gained more than 600,000 users in a single day in November, with people aged 25 and under accounting for more than 60% of new users.
Jia Yunfan, a 26-year-old digital artist, has been embracing the novel AI movement. He said, "I was trained as an oil painter ever since I was young. But canvas (油画布) and the realistic style are just too classic and I used to be only defined as a painter. Newly emerged art forms like AI paintings can help artists reach global audiences and broaden their artistic field." An illustrator Huang Ge from Shanghai said illustrators need time to create and they are expensive to hire, but with AI tools, hundreds of pictures can be generated every day.
However, the trend has again caused some panic about whether AI is gradually replacing human beings. "Art's values lie not only in representation but also the artist's mind and emotional contributions. Yet this is lacking in AI art. The warmth and inspiration in human's creations are irreplaceable," Ding Daoshi, an analyst said.
A more urgent issue is that there is no consensus of the ownership of AI art. Some users have openly sold some AI paintings and have earned money, but it is still a gray area about whether these artworks belong to users, the digital tool developers or even the AI itself.
Ding noted that the various sides should get together to debate the issue and come up with some accepted regulations as soon as possible because AI is already sticking deeply into every aspect of the lives of human beings.
(以下是A种题型)
46．What is the first paragraph mainly about
A．The development of AI paintings.
B．The classification of AI artworks.
C．The popularity of digital paintings.
D．The procedure in creating AI artworks.
47．Why does Jia Yunfan welcome the new AI trend
A．It promotes his art career. B．It reduces his cost in creation.
C．It maintains his painting style. D．It improves his work efficiency.
48．What does the underlined word "consensus" mean in paragraph 5
A．Complaint. B．Result. C．Agreement. D．Discussion.
49．What problem remains to be solved in the future
A．Who owns the copyright of AI art.
B．What to do to ensure the quality of AI artworks.
C．How to tell human's creations from AI paintings.
D．Whether AI paintings can replace traditional paintings.
50．How do people create AI artworks
51．Who are the major new users of the AI painting services
52．What can't be replaced by AI art according to Ding Daoshi
53．What does paragraph 5 mainly talk about
六、第五部分 写作（满分20分）
54． 假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Jack在学习汉语的过程中遇到了一些困难，给你发电子邮件询问一些如何学汉语的建议。请你给他回复一封邮件，内容要点如下：
1.表示理解；
2.给出建议和理由；
3.表达祝愿；
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
……
答案解析部分
1．C
2．A
3．D
本文是一篇应用文。文章是一篇商品广告，主要介绍了2023年澳大利亚邮票珍藏集（执行版），包括涂胶打孔邮票、特色邮票故事、2022年本土动物邮票等。提供多种取货方式，包括超过400个包裹柜和3600个邮局网点。运费政策包括免费标准配送和快速配送，以及国际配送选项。
考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题和推理判断题两种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中"In addition to all the stamps released in 2023, this book gets the essence of stamp collecting with fascinating text about each stamp issue.(除了2023年发行的所有邮票外，每套邮票均附有精彩的文字介绍，体现了集邮的精髓)"可知，邮集中的每枚邮票都附有文字。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段中"Standard delivery is free Australia-wide on orders $30+. For orders under $30, we charge a flat fee of $5.(是在澳大利亚范围内，30美元以上订单的标准投递是免费的。对于30美元以下的订单，我们收取5美元的固定费用)"可知，按标准投递，我们最多要付5美元的邮费。故选A。
3．推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中"Explore a bound treasure of gummed and perforated (涂胶打孔的) stamps presented in exclusive layouts. In addition to all the stamps released in 2023, this book gets the essence of stamp collecting with fascinating text about each stamp issue. Included is an exclusive gummed Concession Stamp minisheet, the 2022 Native Animals stamps and 89 mint stamps presented in unique layouts. This great gift comes with $124.25 worth of stamps.(探索一套以独特版式呈现的背胶及穿孔邮票。除了2023年发行的所有邮票外，这本书还以引人入胜的文字介绍了集邮的精髓。其中包括一款独家背胶优惠邮票小型张、2022年本地动物邮票和89枚别具一格的邮票。这个伟大的礼物附有价值124.25美元的邮票)"可知，本文是一篇商品广告，详细介绍了2023年澳大利亚邮票珍藏册的内容、特点、购买时间、配送方式和费用等相关信息，目的是说服人们去购买这套邮票收藏册。故选D。
4．B
5．D
6．B
7．A
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一项新的可产生电的发明，该发明利用明亮和阴影区域之间的照明对比来发电，该设备被称为"阴影效应能量发生器"。
考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。需要注意：审清题目要求；锁定关键信息；挖掘隐含信息；排除干扰选项；把握语境情感；逻辑推理分析。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
4．细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容"In conventional optoelectronics where a steady source of light is used to power devices, shadows are undesirable, since they degrade the performance of devices.(在传统的光电子技术中，使用稳定的光源为设备供电，阴影是不可取的，因为它们会降低设备的性能。)"可知，阴影不可取的原因在于它们会降低设备的性能。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据文章第五段内容"We also found that the best surface area for electricity generation is when half of the SEG is illuminated and the other half in shadow, as this gives enough area for charge generation and collection respectively.(我们还发现，发电的最佳表面积是当SEG的一半被照亮而另一半处于阴影中时，因为这分别为电荷的产生和收集提供了足够的面积。)"可知，当SEG的一半被照亮而另一半处于阴影中时，即，光影面积平衡时，可实现最佳发电表面积。由此可推知，它需要光和影的平衡来最大限度地发电。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容"Another promising area of research is the development of low-cost SEG for efficient harvesting of energy from indoor lighting.(另一个有前景的研究领域是开发低成本的SEG，以有效地从室内照明中收集能量。)"可知，开发低成本的SEG是有前景的。由此可推知，研究人员在寻求降低SEG的成本。故选B。
7．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段"Now, researchers from the National University of Singapore (NUS) are giving shadows a positive spin by demonstrating a way to harness this common but often overlooked optical (光学的) effect to generate electricity.(现在，新加坡国立大学的研究人员正在给阴影一个积极的转变，他们展示了一种利用这种常见但常被忽视的光学效应来发电的方法。)"和文章第二段内容"The team created a device called a shadow-effect energy generator (SEG), which makes use of the contrast in illumination between lit and shadowed areas to generate electricity.(该团队创建了一种称为阴影效应能量发生器（SEG）的设备，该设备利用明亮和阴影区域之间的照明对比来发电。)"可知，文章主要以"阴影效应能量发生器（SEG）"为话题，对其原理和应用进行了阐述。因此，选项A"An innovative use of shadows to generate electricity.(一种利用阴影发电的创新方法。)"可对文章内容进行概述。故选A。
8．A
9．B
10．C
11．B
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了对设计的正确解读和如何追求更好的设计。
本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．考查段落大意。根据第二段中的"Not surprisingly, in the absence of widespread agreement about its significance and value, much confusion surrounds design practice. In some subject areas, authors can assume common ground with readers. Other subject areas can be so difficult that ho such mutual understanding exists."毫不奇怪，在缺乏对其意义和价值的广泛认同的情况下，围绕着设计实践的许多困惑。在某些主题领域，作者可以假定与读者有共同点。其他学科领域可能非常困难，不存在这样的相互理解。可知，第二段主要讲的是困惑的原因。故选A。
9．考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的"only a small proportion of which has sustained quality"只有一小部分具有持久的质量。可推知，划线词"ephemeral"的意思是"短暂存在的"，作为一种实践，设计产生了大量的材料，其中大部分是短暂的。故选B。
10．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的"Design is one of the basic characteristics of what it is to be human, and an essential determinant of the quality of human life. If things are a necessary part of our existence, why are they often done so badly There is no simple answer. Cost factors are sometimes advanced, but the margin between doing something well or badly can be exceedingly small, and cost factors can in fact be reduced by appropriate design inputs. "设计是人类生活质量的基本特征之一，也是人类生活质量的基本决定因素。如果事物是我们存在的必要组成部分，为什么它们经常做得如此糟糕？没有一个简单的答案。成本因素有时是先进的，但把事情做得好或做得不好之间的差距可能非常小，而成本因素实际上可以通过适当的设计投入来降低。可推知，很少有产品不能通过适当的设计进行改进。故选C。
11．考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"The intention is to extend the range of what is understood by the term, and examine the depth of design practice as it affects everyday life in a diversity of cultures."目的是扩大这个术语的理解范围，并研究设计实践的深度，因为它影响着不同文化的日常生活。可知，本书旨在坚持有意义的设计实践。故选B。
12．B
13．B
14．C
15．C
这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了随着人工智能(AI)和机器人技术以惊人的速度发展，一些人担心艺术和创意人才有被取代的风险。然而，韩国工业技术研究所(Korean Institute of Industrial Technology)的一项新研究恰恰说明了为什么这不能也不应该发生。
考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题三种题型。细节理解题要求考生能在快速阅读文章的同时，从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息的意义。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。做推理判断题时，要求考生不能凭主观臆断推测或妄加猜测，必须忠实于原文，以材料所提供的相关事实和线索为依据，使做出的推理合乎文意。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
12．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段"Over a year ago, work to develop automaton (自动化) began. At first, it was designed like a machine, and didn't live up to expectations. Then the company sought ways to improve it. In the end, it was given two arms with joints to copy wrists and elbows, allowing it to move a stick similarly to how a human conductor would move it. It was named the EverR 6 robot, and stands at 1.8 meters.(一年多以前，开发自动化的工作开始了。起初，它被设计得像一台机器，并没有达到人们的期望。然后，该公司寻求改进方法。最后，它被赋予了两条带有关节的手臂来模仿手腕和肘部，使它能够像人类指挥一样移动一根棍子。它被命名为EverR 6机器人，身高1.8米)"可知，第二段主要讲述了EverR 6机器人的研发过程。故选B。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第四段"The 12-minute piece they planned to perform, "Feel" by Il-hoon Son, was created specifically for this event. It was created with the strengths of both EverR 6 and the human conductor, Soo-yeol Choi, in mind.(他们计划演奏的12分钟的曲目是孙一勋的《Feel》，这是专门为此次活动制作的。这首歌是在考虑到EverR 6和人类指挥家崔秀烈(Soo-yeol Choi)的长处后创作的)"可推知，"Feel"是一个展示人机合作的作品。故选B。
14．细节理解题。根据文章第五段"Meanwhile, it was up to the human conductor to lead the orchestra in creating an improvisational (即兴的) score, adding depth to the otherwise planned piece.(与此同时，由人类指挥来带领乐队创作即兴乐谱，为原本计划好的作品增加深度)"可知，他在表演中指挥演出的即兴部分。故选C。
15．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段""Let's leave the accuracy to the robots," Soo-yeol Choi said, "but the musical and artistic aspects to a human conductor."("让我们把精确度留给机器人吧，"崔秀烈(Soo-yeol Choi)说，"而把音乐和艺术方面的工作留给人类指挥。")"可推知，Soo-yeol Choi对这个机器人持支持的态度。故选C。
16．C；17．B；18．E；19．F；20．G
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了去旅行的四个理由。
考查七选五，本文是一篇旅游类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Traveling is what makes your life complete. You may often complain that there is too much work and no time to travel."旅行让你的人生变得完整。你可能经常抱怨工作太多，没有时间去旅行；以及空后"There are hundreds of reasons why you should travel. Here are only four of them"你应该去旅行的理由有上百个。以下只是其中的四种。可知，本句与上文构成转折，指出应该去旅游。C. Finding balance isn't easy, yet it is worth trying."找到平衡并不容易，但值得一试"符合语境，故选C。
17．根据空后"Be spontaneous (自发的) and travel whenever you feel like leaving your daily routine. It is wrong to wait for certain time of the year so that you could spoil yourself. "当你想要离开你的日常生活时，随性地去旅行。为了宠坏自己而等待一年中的某个时间是错误的。可知，本段的主旨是不要等待，现在就休息一下。B. There is no tomorrow, so take a break now. "没有明天，所以现在休息一下"符合语境，故选B。
18．根据空前"There are plenty of people who can substitute for you and do your job while you are away."在你离开的时候，有很多人可以代替你做你的工作；以及空后"Here the point is to plan a week ahead."这里的要点是提前一周计划。可知，本句是在说明如何对待没做完的工作。 E. You can do some of it in advance or you can put it on hold. "你可以提前做一些，也可以把它放一放"符合语境，故选E。
19．根据空前"Your family suffers, too. When your mind is free you can perform at 200 percent."你的家人也在受苦。当你的思想自由时，你可以发挥200%；以及空后"You lose balance and harmony if you experience too much stress, perform a lot of demanding routine and constantly take responsibilities. Take care of yourself. Make sure that your well-being does not suffer."如果你经历了太多的压力，完成了很多要求很高的日常工作，不断承担责任，你就会失去平衡和和谐。照顾好自己。确保你的幸福不受影响。可知，上文提到了思想自由可以超常发挥，可知本句是在假设感觉不好的情况。 F. You are useless as a worker if your body does not feel great. "如果你的身体感觉不好，作为一个工人你是无用的"符合语境，故选F。
20．根据空前"We all want to excel in our profession. We want to be in charge even at home. We like to be appreciated by the community. Being such a person requires several important qualities. To gain the required qualities you must have a multi-dimensional personality. The more new activities you practice, the more chances you can have to become a better leader."我们都想在自己的职业中出类拔萃。我们甚至想在家里掌权。我们希望得到社区的赞赏。成为这样的人需要几个重要的品质。要获得所需的品质，你必须有一个多维的个性。你练习的新活动越多，你就有更多机会成为一个更好的领导者。可知，上文提到成为一个更好的领导者，本句为本段最后一句，应承接上文说明其作用。G. Be an instructor, inspire others and do what you would like others to do. "做一个指导员，激励别人，做你希望别人做的事"符合语境，故选G。
21．C；22．C；23．B；24．C；25．A；26．D；27．A；28．A；29．C；30．C；31．A；32．B；33．C；34．A；35．B
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了校车司机 Janie 在开车过程中分享了自己家庭的困境，特别是她父亲的健康问题，这引起了作者的共鸣和反思。作者意识到，尽管Janie只是一名校车司机，但她也有自己的生活和情感世界，值得被理解和尊重。通过这件事，作者学会了更加关注和理解他人。
考查完形填空，本题考点涉及介词，动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．"结束了！谢天谢地！"学校的课上完了，我很累。A： in"在里面"；B： off"关掉，断开"；C： over"结束"；D： on"进行"。根据上文"It's over!"，可知此处指放学了。be over固定短语，"结束"，故选C。
22．我坐在校车的前面。A： ran"跑"；B： walked"步行，走"；C： sat"坐"；D： stood "站立"。根据下文"I sat on the 11 thinking of the great pain my own mother was thrown into when her father died."可知此处指作者坐在校车的前部，故选C。
23．司机Janie试图通过挑起话题来打破这种不舒服的气氛。A： rest"使休息"；B： break"打破"；C： close"关"；D： open"打开"。根据语境可知，这里指打破沉闷的氛围。break the...atmosphere固定短语，"打破.......氛围"，故选B。
24．我尽量礼貌地听，但通常我都在忙着想我自己的一天。A： polite"礼貌的"；B： rude"粗鲁的"；C： politely"有礼貌地"；D： quickly"快地，迅速地"。此处修饰动词listen，应用副词，表示礼貌地听，故选C。
25．我尽量礼貌地听，但通常我都在忙着想我自己的一天。A： busy"繁忙的，忙碌的"；B： free"自由的，有空的"；C： busily"繁忙地"；D： freely "自由地"。be busy doing sth.固定短语，"忙于做某事"，这里说太忙于思考自己的一天了，故选A。
26．然而，在这一天，她的话值得一听。A： looking at"看......"；B： agreeing with"同意....."；C： talking to"对.....交谈"；D： listening to"听......"。根据上文"I try to listen"，可知此处指值得一听，故选D。
27．我能从她的眼睛中看到担忧。A： eyes"眼睛"；B： face"脸"；C： mouth"嘴"；D： ears "耳朵"。根据常识可知，从眼睛里能看到担忧的表情，故选A。
28．她总是带着笑容迎接学生。A： with"带着"；B： within"在....之内"；C： without"没有"；D： for "为了"。meet sb. with a smile固定短语，"面带微笑迎接某人"，with表示伴随的状态，故选A。
29．她眼含泪光，声音不寻常地回答："心脏病。"A： usually"通常"；B： usual"正常的"；C： unusual"不正常的，异常的"；D： truly "真地"。根据语境，她的眼睛湿润，声音颤抖，这种状态是不寻常的，故选C。
30．我已经失去了我妈妈，所以我觉得我不能再失去他了。A：remembered"记住"；B：forgotten "忘记"；C： lost"失去"；D： missed "错过，想念"。根据空后"so I don't think I can stand losing him"，可知此处指她已经失去了妈妈，故选C。
31．我坐在座位上，想着我自己的妈妈在父亲去世时所承受的巨大痛苦。A：seat"座位"；B： house "房子"；C： room"房间"；D： desk "书桌"。根据空前的sat on，可知此处指坐在座位上，故选A。
32．我突然意识到Janie不仅仅是一名校车司机，那只是她的工作。A：worker"工人"；B： driver
"司机"；C： teacher"教师"；D： doctor "医生"。根据上文"Janie, the driver"，这里再次强调她不仅仅是一名校车司机，故选B。
33．她也有一个充满家庭和爱心的完整世界存在。A：also"也"，用于句中；B： either"也"，用于否定句句末；C： too "也"，用于肯定句句末；D： at all"全然"，通常用于否定句。此句是肯定句，且空格位于句末，故选C。
34．我突然觉得自己很自私。A：felt"感觉"；B： feel"感觉"；C： thought"思考，想"；D： was "是"。根据语境可知此处突然感觉自己很自私，陈述是过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故选A。
35．理解人是一门艺术。A：Looking at"看........"；B：Understanding"理解"；C：Getting
to know"知道"；D： Watching"观看"。此处强调的是理解他人，故选B。
36．what；37．completely；38．an；39．of；40．started；41．before；42．himself；43．times；44．to become；45．freeing
本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了盲人滑板运动员Ryusei Ouchi的故事。
考查语法填空，本题考点涉及表语从句，副词，副词，冠词，介词，时态，连词，代词，名词，非谓语动词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．和所有滑板运动员一样，空气的冲击力、骑行的刺激感和完成技巧的成就感吸引了这位19岁的年轻人参加这项运动。 drew the 19-year-old to the sport 是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示"……的事物"，应用what引导从句。故填what。
37．然而，与其他滑板运动员不同的是，Ouchi几乎完全失明。空处修饰形容词blind，应用副词，作状语，故填completely。
38．Ouchi出生时视力很好，但自从七岁时被诊断出患有眼部疾病以来，他的视力已经恶化到需要拐杖才能在东京北部所泽市当地的滑板场上行走。此处表示"一种眼部疾病"，空处应用不定冠词表示泛指"一个"，eye是元音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词an。故填an。
39．他很清楚这些危险，但他说这是难免的事。be aware of固定短语，"意识到"，故填of。
40．Ouchi15岁开始玩滑板，当时他的视力开始恶化得更快。此处是谓语动词，根据时间状语at 15可知，此处描述过去的一般情况，应用一般过去时故填started。
41．他意识到他想在为时已晚之前学习。结合语意可知，此处表示"在为时已晚之前"，空处应用连词before，表示"在……之前"，引导时间状语从句。故填before。
42．和朋友一起滑滑板给了Ouchi一个表达自己的出口，现在他每周都会去滑板场几次。空处作动词express的宾语，且宾语与Ouchi一致，所以空处应用反身代词himself，表示"他自己"。故填himself。
43．和朋友一起滑滑板给了Ouchi一个表达自己的出口，现在他每周都会去滑板场几次。several表示"几个，数个"，修饰可数名词的复数形式，time表示"次"，复数形式为times。故填times。
44．他说，他花了一段时间才完全习惯这种安排，但现在他对周围的环境有了一个很好的心理画面，这让他可以自由地表演更多的把戏。It took sb. some time to do sth固定句式，"某人花费多长时间做某事"，其中it为形式主语，所以空处应用动词不定式作真正的主语。故填to become。
45．他说，他花了一段时间才完全习惯这种安排，但现在他对周围的环境有了一个很好的心理画面，这让他可以自由地表演更多的技巧。free与逻辑主语he之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填freeing。
46．D
47．A
48．C
49．A
50．By following three simple steps: choose, provide and create.
51．People aged 25 and under.
52．The warmth and inspiration in human's creations.
53．Different opinions on the ownership of AI art.
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了AI艺术作品的创作过程、人们对于AI艺术品的不同观点以及针对AI艺术品所需要解决的问题。
本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意五个题型的考查，是一篇艺术类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而做出正确答案。
46．考查段落大意。根据第一段"Do you know that it only takes an algorithm (算法) to turn you into a Pablo Picasso All you need to do is follow three simple steps: choose, provide and create. To be more specific, choose an AI Art Generator, provide the generator with your preferred requirement and hit the ‘create' button. Even ordinary people without any painting skills can do it well."你知道只需要一个算法就能把你变成巴勃罗·毕加索吗？您所需要做的就是遵循三个简单的步骤：选择、提供和创建。更具体地说，选择一个AI艺术生成器，向生成器提供您的首选要求，然后点击‘创建'按钮。即使是没有任何绘画技巧的普通人也能做得很好。可知，此段阐述如何用算法生成绘画，选择一个AI艺术生成器，向生成器提供您的首选要求，然后点击‘创建'按钮，就可以完成；可推断，第一段主要阐述了AI艺术作品的创作步骤。故选D。
47．考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Jia Yunfan, a 26-year-old digital artist, has been embracing the novel AI movement. He said, ‘I was trained as an oil painter ever since I was young. But canvas (油画布) and the realistic style are just too classic and I used to be only defined as a painter. Newly emerged art forms like AI paintings can help artists reach global audiences and broaden their artistic field.'"26岁的数字艺术家贾云帆一直欣然接受这种新颖的人工智能运动。他说："我从小就被训练成一名油画画家。但油画布和现实主义的风格太经典了，我过去只被定义为一个画家。AI绘画等新出现的艺术形式可以帮助艺术家接触全球观众，拓宽他们的艺术领域。"可知，贾云帆欢迎这种新的AI趋势，他认为这种新趋势促进他的艺术事业的发展。故选A。
48．考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的"Some users have openly sold some AI paintings and have earned money, but it is still a gray area about whether these artworks belong to users, the digital tool developers or even the AI itself."一些用户公开出售了一些人工智能绘画并赚了钱，但这些艺术作品是否属于用户、数字工具开发者甚至人工智能本身，仍然是一个灰色地带。可知，对于人工智能绘画艺术作品是属于用户、数字工具开发者还是属于人工智能本身，意见不一致，可推知"A more urgent issue is that there is no consensus of the ownership of AI art."一个更紧迫的问题是，人工智能艺术品的所有权还没有consensus。阐述的是针对人工智能艺术作品的所有权问题人们意见不一致，consensus是"一致的意见，共识"之意。故选C。
49．考查推理判断。根据第五段"A more urgent issue is that there is no consensus of the ownership of AI art. Some users have openly sold some AI paintings and have earned money, but it is still a gray area about whether these artworks belong to users, the digital tool developers or even the AI itself."一个更紧迫的问题是，对人工智能艺术的所有权没有达成共识。一些用户公开出售了一些人工智能绘画，并赚了钱，但这些艺术品是否属于用户、数字工具开发人员甚至人工智能本身，仍然是一个灰色地带；以及最后一段"Ding noted that the various sides should get together to debate the issue and come up with some accepted regulations as soon as possible because AI is already sticking deeply into every aspect of the lives of human beings."丁指出，各方应该聚在一起讨论这个问题，并尽快制定一些公认的法规，因为人工智能已经深入到人类生活的方方面面。可知，未来应解决人工智能艺术品的所有权问题。故选A。
50．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"All you need to do is follow three simple steps: choose, provide and create."您所需要做的只是遵循三个简单的步骤：选择、提供和创建。可知，人们创造人工智能艺术仅需要遵循三个步骤：选择、提供和创建。故答案为：By following three simple steps: choose, provide and create.
51．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Some platforms providing AI painting services gained more than 600,000 users in a single day in November, with people aged 25 and under accounting for more than 60% of new users."11月，一些提供AI绘画服务的平台单日新增用户超过60万，25岁及以下的用户占新用户的60%以上。可知，人工智能绘画服务的新用户主要是年龄在25岁以及25岁以下的用户。故答案为：People aged 25 and under.
52．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"‘Art's values lie not only in representation but also the artist's mind and emotional contributions. Yet this is lacking in AI art. The warmth and inspiration in human's creations are irreplaceable,' Ding Daoshi, an analyst said."‘艺术的价值不仅在于表现形式，还在于艺术家的思想和情感贡献。然而这在人工智能艺术中是缺乏的。人类作品中的温暖和灵感是不可替代的，'分析师丁道石说。可知，丁道石认为人类作品中的温暖和灵感是人工智能艺术不能替代的。故答案为：The warmth and inspiration in human's creations.
53．考查主旨大意。根据第五段中的"A more urgent issue is that there is no consensus of the ownership of AI art. Some users have openly sold some AI paintings and have earned money, but it is still a gray area about whether these artworks belong to users, the digital tool developers or even the AI itself."一个更紧迫的问题是，对人工智能艺术的所有权没有共识。一些用户公开出售了一些人工智能绘画，并赚了钱，但这些艺术品是否属于用户、数字工具开发人员甚至人工智能本身，仍然是一个灰色地带。可知此段主要阐述了人们对于人工智能艺术作品的所有权没有达成共识，意见不一致。故答案为Different opinions on the ownership of AI art.
54．Dear Jack,
I'm really pleased to hear from you. You mentioned in the email that you had trouble in learning Chinese, which actually is very common as Chinese is a hard language. There are some pieces of advice that may help you.
To begin with, Talking with Chinese friends or writing in Chinese will serve as good options. Besides, it may be of great help with a professional teacher helping you. Last but not the least, stick to it. While the process can be hard, all the efforts you make will pay off.
I'm looking forward to the day when we can talk freely in Chinese.
Yours,
Li Hua
本题是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李华的身份，写一封回复邮件，针对英国笔友Jack在学习汉语过程中遇到的困难给出建议。内容应围绕理解Jack的困难、给出具体建议和理由、以及表达祝愿三个方面展开。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
本文内容清晰、结构完整，给出了针对Jack学习汉语困难的具体建议文中有一些好的词句，例如：I'm really pleased to hear from you. 运用了不定式作原因状语； You mentioned in the email that you had trouble in learning Chinese, which actually is very common as Chinese is a hard language. 运用了宾语从句，非限制性定语从句；There are some pieces of advice that may help you.运用了there be句式，限制性定语从句；To begin with, Talking with Chinese friends or writing in Chinese will serve as good options. 运用了动名词作主语； Last but not the least, stick to it. 运用了祈使句； While the process can be hard, all the efforts you make
will pay off.运用了让步状语从句；I'm looking forward to the day when we can talk freely in Chinese.运用了限制性定语从句。
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