2024—2025学年高二下学期开学考试英语试卷
（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）
注意事项：
1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。
2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who keeps Harry Potter at present
A. The man. B. John. C. Mary.
2. How will the man celebrate his birthday
A. By going on a picnic.
B. By watching a football match.
C. By inviting his workmates over.
3. What are the speakers talking about
A. Lifestyles. B. An actor. C. A movie.
4. What will Jane do
A. Finish her homework. B. Go to a concert. C. Join a band.
5. What does the woman imply about the restaurant
A. It is very popular. B. It is easy to book a table. C. It only accepts reservations.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How long did the festival last
A. 15 days. B. 9 days. C. 8 days.
7. What did Susan do during the festival
A. She saw films from different countries.
B. She did some volunteer work at theaters.
C. She participated in the filming of a movie.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the man doing
A. Preparing for a conference.
B. Working out a schedule.
C. Sharing a marketing plan.
9. When does the man plan to go on holiday
A. In summer. B. In autumn. C. In winter.
听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。
10. What is Jack’s attitude toward writing
A. Enjoyable. B. Serious. C. Casual.
11. When did Jack use to begin writing as a teacher
A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening.
12. What does Jack usually do from Monday to Saturday
A. He goes swimming. B. He goes for a walk. C. He goes running.
13. Where does Jack usually write
A. In his office. B. In the bedroom. C. In the sitting room.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Mother and son. B. Teacher and student. C. Schoolmates.
15. What problem is the man facing now
A. How to choose his major. B. How to look for a job. C. How to apply to a college.
16. What does the man want to be
A. A biologist. B. An IT engineer. C. A doctor.
17. What does Alice suggest the man do
A. Give up his idea. B. Attend some lectures. C. Have a talk with his father.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18. Which field is virtual reality widely used in
A. Education. B. Entertainment. C. Health care.
19. What are Xinge Yu and his colleagues trying to do
A. Improve the touch of VR.
B. Make hearing advanced.
C. Bring smell into VR.
20. Where can people learn more about the design
A. In a journal. B. In a movie. C. On a TV show.
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Three Most Beautiful Deserts in the World
Deserts are mysterious landscapes that cover nearly one-third of Earth’s surface. These are some of the world’s most beautiful deserts that you can see while traveling.
Salar de Uyuni, Bolivia
Salar de Uyuni is the world’s largest salt desert and a truly mystical place to visit. Tens of thousands of years ago, this region was part of a prehistoric lake. However, these lakes dried up and left behind two new smaller lakes and these expansive salt flats. An estimated 10 billion tons of salt can be found in this desert.
Painted Desert, Arizona, USA
The Painted Desert of Arizona got its name from the vibrant red, orange, blue, and purple colors painted across the landscape. Less than 10 inches of rain fall here each year, and the colors were created by minerals in the clay and sandstone rock. There are lots of great trails to hike through this desert, especially at sunset when the colors are on display.
Pinnacles Desert, Australia
You’ll need to head to the Nambung National Park in Western Australia to experience the Pinnacles Desert for yourself. This desert gets its name from the beautiful spires (尖顶) made of rock that rise from the sand dunes (沙丘). The rock formations here have been weathered so much over time to undeniably stand out among the gentle yellow sand dunes.
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21. What do the first two deserts have in common
A. Rich minerals. B. Diverse colors.
C. Expansive flats. D. Countless trails.
22. Why does Pinnacles Desert get its name
A. For its sand dunes. B. For its special shape.
C. For its long history. D. For its unusual weather.
23. Where is the passage probably taken from
A. A travel brochure. B. A geography textbook.
C. A fashion magazine. D. A trip discovery platform.
B
This past year I’ve been with two loved ones at the time of their passing. The first passing, last September, was that of my beloved father-in-law at 91, after his lengthy battle with Parkinson’s disease. More recently, I was in the room when my dear friend Thomas Steinbeck passed away at the age of 72 after a long battle with COPD (慢阻肺).
There were moments when I wanted to thank them for all they’d done for their loved ones, as well as humanity at large, but there were also times during their more lucid moments when I longed to have them answer some deep philosophical questions. They both knew they were dying, and because of their generous spirits, they would have told me anything I wanted to know.
In fact, Thom told me a few weeks before his passing that he didn’t have much time left. While I knew he was struggling with his breathing, I was in denial. I told him that he’d survived the Vietnam War and a number of health challenges, and would survive this setback as well. Looking back, I think he was giving me an opening to talk to him as if he were dying.
The death of these two loved ones has taught me a lot. It taught me to be even more mindful in the future, and carefully “listen to the messages” the dying are conveying to me. Had I done so, I might have had a final confirmation of what I meant to these men, although in some ways I already knew because they were the type of individuals who were always open and straightforward with respect to what they believed in. Knowing hearing is the final sense to go, I did take the chance to tell them how much they meant to me, and how much I loved them, and for that I am grateful.
24. What do the author’s two loved ones have in common
A. They were the author’s family members.
B. They suffered from long-term illnesses.
C. They lost their lives in the same year.
D. They were extremely afraid of death.
25. What does the underlined word mean in paragraph 2
A. Able to think clearly. B. Eager to walk around.
C. Willing to help others. D. Brave to face the future.
26. Why did Thom tell the author he was dying
A. He could no longer accompany the author.
B. He desired to make his breathing smooth.
C. He was in great need of the author’s care.
D. He wanted to have a chat with the author.
27. What did death teach the author about living
A. Death is a time for love and forgiveness.
B. Those who are dying are eager to share.
C. Hearing is the final sense to disappear.
D. It is vital to say what comes naturally.
C
Wendy Suzuki, a Professor of Neural Science and Psychology in the Center for Neural Science at New York University, once said in a TED talk in reference to exercise that “Simply moving your body has immediate, long-lasting and protective benefits for your brain”.
When you simply look at the correlation between people that exercise and happiness, it’s hard to say whether exercise makes one happy or whether happy people tend to exercise more. One study of Stanford University student-athletes actually found that happiness for this group was more a result of their personality than it was of athletic skills. However, The University of Vermont found that just 20 minutes of exercise can boost someone’s mood for up to 12 hours. So next time you’re feeling down, go for a 20-minute run or gym session and reap the rewards for the next 11 hours.
Exercise does a lot of things to the brain. You’ve probably heard of endorphins, right These are hormones (激素) that are produced by the central nervous system and the pituitary gland within the brain. Their main job is to stop the transmission of pain signals, but they also produce a feeling or euphoria. This is what makes you feel happier instantly, and the effects will last a good amount of time.
Endorphins are the only “feel-good” chemicals released through exercising though. Your body will also produce serotonin, norepinephrine, BDNF and dopamine, the reward chemical. The combination of these five chemicals will boost your mood, and have been proved to help to relieve both anxiety and depression.
Exercise doesn’t just produce more hormones though, it actually helps to reduce the levels of cortisol and adrenaline in the body. Both of these chemicals in high levels can cause stress. So simply by reducing these, you’ll be able to reduce the stress your brain feels. It goes without saying that reducing negative chemicals and increasing positive chemicals result in a huge shift towards feeling happier.
28. What do the two findings in paragraph 2 have in common
A. They reveal a positive personality is important.
B. They tend to link happiness with athletic skills.
C. They show what makes a good mood possible.
D. They prove optimistic people exercise more.
29. How do endorphins cheer people up
A. By stopping pain signals from producing.
B. By producing various positive chemicals.
C. By regulating the activity of bad feelings.
D. By slowly increasing the happiness level.
30. Which is implied about endorphins according to the passage
A. They can work and exist with BDNF.
B. They reduce the quantities of cortisol.
C. They are released only during exercise.
D. They can absorb other positive hormones.
31. What is the suitable title for the text
A. What endorphins are made up of.
B. How a workout makes you delighted.
C. Why exercise helps protect your brain.
D. Which chemicals push you to exercise.
D
The distinction between biologically primary and biologically secondary knowledge described by Geary is an instructionally important categorisation method.
Biologically primary knowledge is knowledge we, as a species, have specifically evolved to acquire over generations. Primary skills, such as learning general problem solving strategies, recognising faces, communication through listening and speaking a native language, and social relations including our ability to communicate with each other, are modular, with each skill likely to have evolved during different evolutionary periods. We can acquire primary knowledge, easily, unconsciously, and without concrete instruction merely by membership in a group.
The ability to acquire vast aspects of the culture we grow up in is biologically primary. Nevertheless, in most cultures, there are many concepts and procedures that we have not specifically evolved to acquire such as reading, doing mathematics, working with a computer, or searching the internet. Those biologically secondary skills are acquired consciously, often requiring considerable effort. Unlike primary knowledge and skills, obvious instruction is important when dealing with secondary knowledge and skills, or this knowledge acquisition will be severely compromised.
Unlike the generic-cognitive (通用认知的) skills that tend to be biologically primary, biologically secondary skills tend to be field-specific. Examples of biologically secondary skills include almost everything that is taught in education and training institutions. The distinction between primary, generic-cognitive knowledge and secondary, field-specific knowledge explains why information tends to be acquired differently outside as opposed to inside educational contexts. We use primary knowledge to facilitate acquiring secondary knowledge. For example, to learn geometry in a traditional class or using computer-supported material requires primary skills such as visual recognition, attention, and senses about space, time and sequence, to name a few.
In this way, the theoretical machinery of evolutionary educational psychology can be used to suggest that the primary, generic-cognitive knowledge associated with cooperative learning may, under some circumstances, improve the acquisition of the biologically secondary, field-specific knowledge that is taught.
32. What does the underlined word in paragraph 2 mean
A. Consisting of separate parts. B. Looking like a piece of cake.
C. Witnessing constant changes. D. Serving as long-term abilities.
33. What is the feature of primary skills
A. They aims to solve rare problems.
B. They are acquired when one is born.
C. They require no formal teaching.
D. They are the product of observation.
34. Which writing way does the text skip when leading secondary skills
A. Posing contrasts. B. Quoting figures.
C. Giving definitions. D. Showing examples.
35. How do primary skills help secondary knowledge acquisition
A. By finding their similarities. B. By laying a solid foundation.
C. By bettering learners’ focus. D. By offering a familiar setting.
第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
It is no secret that social media is harmful to everyone for many reasons: from general internet safety, to causing insecurities or becoming a major distraction. 36 Social media can have a large impact on people’s perspectives, opinions and the way they view the world — especially teenagers.
In recent years, social media creators have done a really effective job of creating algorithms (算法) that can keep track of what you engage with, and provide more content based on your preferences and interests. 37 Exposure to only one perspective in the long run can lead to what are called echo chambers, or situations in which one’s beliefs are constantly supported by the people around them, rather than hearing other opinions.
38 By only being exposed to people who agree with you, you are prevented from considering other perspectives, which perpetuates (使持续) close-minded attitudes. Since social media users are used to seeing content they agree with, the first opinion that they see on a new issue is the one they are most likely to agree with, despite not hearing opposing thoughts. 39
Recently, the term “chronically online takes” has resurfaced on social media. This concept refers to opinions that only seem to exist online, and lack the support of real world experience.
40 In fact, chronically online takes are problematic themselves, successfully weakening actual issues that should be called out.
A. This fails to show respect for your privacy.
B. This ensures that you continue using social media.
C. Usually, it takes the form of calling things problematic.
D. However, the negatives of social media go even deeper than that.
E. The key issue is that people are content with being told what to think.
F. The problem with echo chambers is that they discourage critical thinking.
G. Echo chambers increase social media users’ impatience and kills their creativity.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Lately, I’ve been finding myself paying closer attention to fashion trends. I’m fond of looking at everyone’s 41 style, and I believe that fashion helps to 42 yourself.
The media we consume, the people we’re around, and the environment we’re in
43 how we dress and express ourselves. When I was in high school, I was afraid to wear the clothes I wanted because I feared I would be made fun of. When I wore an item seeming normal to a girl but was considered too 44 for my classmates — a pair of bright purple cargo pants (工装裤), people 45 me in the hall. 46 , I never wore them again after 47 them into the back of my closet.
Now, I don’t 48 as much; I like wearing a bit of everything — colorful clothes, preppy style, Y2K. Maybe it’s because I’m in college now, and college students have more significant
49 to worry about.
Another thing I’ve started wearing is 50 for my favorite shows and musical artists. I’ll never forget I wore a sweatshirt of my favorite K-pop group and that my 51 made fun of me again by 52 mispronouncing the members’ names.
What we wear tells a story about who we are. When I go outside wearing what I like to wear, I feel 53 and more like myself. I no longer feel like I’m wearing clothes that will make me blend in with the 54 . Going with the flow contributes to no 55 anyway.
41. A. natural B. unique C. habitual D. uniform
42. A. define B. comfort C. respect D. beautify
43. A. reflect B. warn C. mind D. affect
44. A. worn B. luxurious C. noticeable D. tight
45. A. laughed at B. chatted with C. met with D. passed by
46. A. So far B. In time C. After all D. As usual
47. A. sinking B. pushing C. stuffing D. inserting
48. A. care B. submit C. refuse D. escape
49. A. relationships B. struggles C. challenges D. matters
50. A. goods B. models C. labels D. presents
51. A. teachers B. parents C. friends D. classmates
52. A. dramatically B. specifically C. repeatedly D. deliberately
53. A. adaptable B. decisive C. confident D. obedient
54. A. school B. fashion C. crowd D. tradition
55. A. enhancement B. identity C. popularity D. recognition
第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In recent years, there has been much complaining about the “waning (减少) of nianwei” given the changes 56 (see) in the way people celebrated the Spring Festival. For instance, many people sent New Year’s 57 (greet) to their relatives through social media rather than visiting them in person and instead went to cinemas or played online games for fun
58 preference to going to dinner parties or playing mahjong with their old pals.
59 reduced number of Spring Festival travelers this year increased this concern. The logic is simple: the smaller the number of homegoers, the 60 (light) the feel of nianwei.
One fact, 61 , contradicts that concern. Since the beginning of the Chunyun period, many netizens have posted pictures on social media showing the food their parents or other relatives 62 (send) them. Some parents were so careful they cut the material into small pieces and shipped them along with ginger, spring onion and washed coriander as well as specific recipes for their children 63 (cook) a New Year’s Eve meal.
I also received several boxes of hometown specialties from my brother, sister, niece, and an old classmate in Hubei Province. The specialties include “fish cake”, ciba and wild lotus root,
64 (awaken) my nostalgia (思念) for the place 65 I grew up, as well as a strong sense of missing loved ones back in my old hometown. So long as that feeling does not wane, never would nianwei.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （满分15分）
假定你是李华，你发现外教Sam每次在学生活动室和同学们办完派对后，都未能及时组织打扫活动室卫生，作为学生会主席，请写一封信提醒Sam。内容包括：
1. 陈述事实；
2. 提出建议。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Sam, I’m Li Hua, the President of the Students’ Union. Yours sincerely, Li Hua
第二节 （满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
It was a gloomy afternoon, with dark clouds hanging low in the sky, making the already old-fashioned campus seem even more deserted. After the last class of the day, I walked across the campus with my close classmate, Tom. As we neared a quiet corner beside the old library, a series of faint meowing sounds (猫叫声) pierced the stillness. Our curiosity piqued, we exchanged a glance and immediately traced the source of the noise.
Behind a messy stack of old boxes, we discovered a minuscule, emaciated cat. Its once-soft fur was now caked with dirt, and its small body trembled ever so slightly, a clear indication that it had suffered from days of hunger and cold. A profound sense of pity welled up within us. Tom bent down slowly, his hand extended gently, his voice soft as he tried to lead the frightened animal out. At first, the cat was frightened, its wide-eyed gaze fixed on us in fear. But gradually, after a few moments of cautious sniffing (嗅), it timidly stepped out from its hiding spot.
We knew we couldn’t abandon this helpless creature. Tom proposed taking it to the school infirmary (医务室), believing the school doctor might be able to assess its condition. I nodded in instant agreement, yet a tinge of worry crept in as we pondered how the school authorities would respond to us bringing a cat into the infirmary.
Just at that moment, Lily, a classmate with a kind heart and a skill of animal care, happened to pass by. The moment she laid eyes on the pitiful cat in our arms, her expression softened. She informed us that she had experience in dealing with stray (走失的) animals and eagerly offered her assistance. With Lily on board, our determination to save the cat grew tenfold. We held the cat gently and made our way towards the infirmary, filled with hope and a touch of nervousness.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题纸相应位置作答。
On reaching the infirmary, the school doctor greeted us with a surprised look. Over the next few days, we took turns to take care of the cat.
参考答案
第一部分 听力
1—5 CABBA 6—10 CABAB 11—15 CCACA 16—20 BCBCA
第二部分 阅读
第一节
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇应用文：世界上三个美丽的沙漠。
【来源】
12 Most Beautiful Deserts in the World – Trips To Discover
21.【答案】A
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】由“An estimated 10 billion tons of salt can be found in this desert.”可知，Salar de Uyuni据估计有100亿吨盐；由“and the colors were created by minerals in the clay and sandstone rock”可知，Painted Desert的多种颜色是由黏土和岩石中的矿物质创造出来的。盐是矿物质的一种，因此，这两个沙漠的矿物质都很丰富。故选A。
22.【答案】B
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】由“This desert gets its name from the beautiful spires made of rock that rise from the sand dunes.”可知，这个沙漠获得这一名字是来自于它美丽的尖顶，尖顶是由岩石组成的，凸出沙丘。尖顶和凸出都是形状的一种。故选B。
23.【答案】D
【命题意图】推理判断题
【解析】由末尾的Share this story和Facebook, Twitter可知，这是鼓励看到这篇文章的人在网上进行分享，因此，最有可能摘自网站，D项的platform对应网站，trip discover呼应了第一段内容。故选D。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文：作者从岳父、朋友死亡前后明白的人生道理——要关注他们生前想要传递的信息，要及时表达自己对他们的感激和爱。
【来源】
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-empowerment-diary/201608/what-death-teaches-us-about-living
24.【答案】B
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】由第一段可知，作者的岳父长期跟帕金森综合征抗争，朋友长期与慢阻肺抗争。故选B。
25.【答案】A
【命题意图】词义猜测题
【解析】由第二段的“when I longed to have them answer some deep philosophical questions”可知，作者想要让将死之人回答一些深度的、有哲理的问题。由此可见，要回答这些问题，必须逻辑清晰，人要处于清醒状态。故选A。
26.【答案】D
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】由第三段的“Looking back, I think he was giving me an opening to talk to him as if he were dying.”可知，回首之前发生的事情，我认为Thom是在给我一个机会跟他交流。换言之，就是他想和作者聊聊。故选D。
27.【答案】C
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】由最后一段可知，作者认为，如果自己认真听了将死之人传递的信号，最终自己就能够确认自己对他们而言意味着什么。最终，作者也的确抓住机会告诉了他们：他们对自己而言很重要，自己也很爱他们。由此可见，这些都是作者在面对两人即将离世之时想说的，因此，说出那些自然而然就出现在脑海中的话是很重要的，作者对此也十分感激，表达了对他们的爱。故选C。
C
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文：运动如何让人变得更快乐。
【来源】
https://www.fitnesseducation.edu.au/blog/health/how-exercise-makes-you-happy/
28.【答案】C
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】由第二段的“One study of Stanford University student-athletes actually found that happiness for this group was more a result of their personality than it was of athletic skills. However, The University of Vermont found that just 20 minutes of exercise can boost someone’s mood for up to 12 hours.”可知，第一个发现表明快乐更多是由于性格而不是运动技能。Dierge发现表明仅20分钟的运动就能提振一个人的心情。二者都展现了什么能让人快乐。故选C。
29.【答案】C
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】由第三段的“Their main job is to stop the transmission of pain signals, but they also produce a feeling or euphoria. This is what makes you feel happier instantly, and the effects will last a good amount of time.”可知，endorphins的主要任务就是阻止痛疼信号的传递，并产生一种情感，让你马上感到更快乐，并且会持续很长时间。由此可见，疼痛信号代表的是不良情感，它的传递被阻止了，也就是它的运动被干扰了。故选C。
30.【答案】A
【命题意图】推理判断题
【解析】由第四段的“Your body will also produce serotonin, norepinephrine, BDNF and dopamine, the reward chemical. The combination of these five chemicals will boost your mood, and have been proved to help to relieve both anxiety and depression.”可知，你的身体也会产生四种化学物质（serotonin, norepinephrine, BDNF and dopamine，其中多巴胺是奖励性化学物质）。这五种化学物质的结合（前面四种，加上endorphins）会改善你的心情。由此可见，endorphins可以和这四种化学物质共存、共同工作。故选A。
31.【答案】B
【命题意图】主旨大意题
【解析】主旨大意题。第一段为引入，说了运动对大脑的好处；第二段讲了2个发现，第二段的第二个发现引出了主题——运动让人变得快乐；第三、四、五段都在解释运动如何让人变得快乐。故选B。
D
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文：初级知识与次级知识的区别和联系。
【来源】
https://link./article/10.1007/s11412-018-9277-y
32.【答案】A
【命题意图】词义猜测题
【解析】词义猜测题。由第二段的“with each skill likely to have evolved during different evolutionary periods”可知，每个初级技能可能在不同的进化时期进化。这句话的重点在于different，也就是说每个初级技能有自己对应要掌握的阶段，这些不同的阶段构成了不同的部分或模块，故选A项。B项“看起来像小菜一碟”，C项“见证经常性的变化”，D项“作为长期能力”均不符合语境。故选A。
33.【答案】C
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】由第二段的“We can acquire primary knowledge, easily, unconsciously, and without concrete instruction merely by membership in a group.”可知，我们可以很容易地、无意识地获取初级知识，只加入一个群体即可，不需要具体的讲授。故选C。
34.【答案】B
【命题意图】细节理解题
【解析】由第三段可知，“such as reading, doing mathematics, working with a computer, or searching the internet”是举例子，“Unlike primary knowledge and skills”是做对比，“there are many concepts and procedures that we have not specifically evolved to acquire”是下定义。只有引用数据这一说明文写作手法未被使用。故选B。
35.【答案】B
【命题意图】推理判断题
【解析】由第四段的“For example, to learn geometry in a traditional class or using computer-supported material requires primary skills such as visual recognition, attention, and senses about space, time and sequence, to name a few.”可知，学习几何（也就是获得次级知识）要求初级技能，比如说视觉识别、注意力、空间感、时间感、层次序列感。也就是说，初级技能的那些东西是在为学习次级知识打基础。故选B。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文：社交媒体妨碍批判性思维。
【来源】
https://fhsphoenix.org/how-social-media-negatively-affects-our-critical-thinking/
36.【答案】D
【命题意图】细节句
【解析】空前提到社交媒体的一些危害，比如造成不安全、让人分心，空后提到了社交媒体对人的世界观产生很大影响。中间的句子要能承上启下。故选D。
37.【答案】B
【命题意图】细节句
【解析】空后句子中的in the long run对应B选项的continue。故选B。
38.【答案】F
【命题意图】主旨句
【解析】前一段提出了echo chambers，它导致人们听不到其他观点，空后也提到了这一点，并指出只听一种观点让我思维僵化，故echo chambers妨碍了批判性思维。故选F。
39.【答案】E
【命题意图】细节句
【解析】补充说明前文内容，人们不仅只听到一种观点，还满足于被告知要思考的东西。故选E。
40.【答案】C
【命题意图】细节句
【解析】由空后的“In fact, chronically online takes are problematic themselves”可选出答案。故选C。
第三部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文：在高中的时候，我的穿衣风格遭到同学们的嘲笑和不理解，进入大学后，情况有所好转，我认为，穿衣影响着我们如何表达自己，在这方面没必要随波逐流。
【来源】
https://www.campustimes.org/2024/03/31/notes-by-nadia-expressing-yourself-through-fashion/
41.【答案】B
【解析】由最后一段的“What we wear tells a story about who we are. I’m not going to change myself for anyone.”可知，作者认为，我们穿的衣服讲述了我们是谁的故事，作者并不打算为任何人改变自己。因此，她应该是喜欢独特的风格。故选B。
42.【答案】A
【解析】见上题解析。故选A。
43.【答案】D
【解析】我们消费的媒体、周围的人、我们所处的环境都会影响我们如何穿衣服、如何表达自己。后面提到的穿紫色工装裤被同学嘲笑体现了这一点。故选D。
44.【答案】C
【解析】由空后的bright可知，工装裤很亮眼，所以对于我同学来说，太过显眼了，显得格格不入。故选C。
45.【答案】A
【解析】由空后可知，我把工装裤收了起来，并且不再穿，可以推断，我是被同学嘲笑了。故选A。
46.【答案】B
【解析】In time此处是熟词生意，不翻译为“及时”，应该翻译为“最终”。故选B。
47.【答案】C
【解析】stuff sth. into翻译为“把……塞进”。故选C。
48.【答案】A
【解析】由空后的“I like wearing a bit of everything — colorful clothes, preppy style, Y2K.”可知，我现在不在意那么多了。故选A。
49.【答案】D
【解析】也许是因为现在我读大学了，大学生有更有意义的事情要担心。因为有其他更重要的事情要关心，那么，同学穿什么就显得不那么重要，就不会太在意。故选D。
50.【答案】A
【解析】另外一些我开始穿的东西是最喜欢的节目和音乐艺术家的商品。故选A。
51.【答案】D
【解析】原词复现，由again可知，这一次嘲笑我的人和之前的是同一批。故选D。
52.【答案】D
【解析】由空前可知，同学嘲笑我，这说明他们主观上是故意的，那么，在念名字时，发音错误也是故意的。故选D。
53.【答案】C
【解析】由空后的more like myself可知，作者感觉更像自己了，说明作者变得自信了。故选C。
54.【答案】C
【解析】近义词复现，blend in with the crowd相当于后面的Going with the flow，翻译为“随大流、随波逐流”。故选C。
55.【答案】B
【解析】由全文可知，作者追求时尚，认为穿衣是定义自己、表达自己的一种方式，在穿衣方面不过于在意他人看法，这就说明作者不喜欢随大流，毕竟，随大流会让人丧失自己的身份特性。故选B。
第二节
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文：随着过年习俗的变化，年味是否变淡了。
【来源】
https://news.cgtn.com/news/2021-02-11/Spring-Festival-spirit-never-wanes-XN9F7dAsOA/index.html
56.【答案】seen
【命题意图】考查非谓语动词
【解析】given the changes表“鉴于一些改变”，changes与see是被动关系，还原后就是changes which are seen，用过去分词作后置定语。故填seen。
57.【答案】greetings
【命题意图】考查词形变换
【解析】New Year’s是所有格形式，类似于形容词用法，后面接名词，greeting表“问候语”，此处要用复数形式。故填greetings。
58.【答案】in
【命题意图】考查介词
【解析】in preference to表“而不是”，短语中的to也是介词，所以后面跟了动名词。故填in。
59.【答案】The
【命题意图】考查冠词
【解析】the reduced number of表“XX日益减少的数量”。故填The。
60.【答案】lighter
【命题意图】考查形容词比较级
【解析】 “the+比较级+…, the+比较级+…”的结构，翻译为“回家的人越少，年味就越淡”。故填lighter。
61.【答案】however
【命题意图】考查副词
【解析】前文讲的是年味变淡了，这里讲的是事实并非如此，前后是转折关系。故填however。
62.【答案】had sent
【命题意图】考查时态
【解析】考查动词时态。the food their parents or other relatives 62 (send) them是定语从句，前面的have posted pictures为现在完成时，表示从过去延续到现在的动作，而send them发生在have posted pictures的过去，因此要用过去完成时表“过去的过去”。故填had sent。
63.【答案】to cook
【命题意图】考查非谓语动词
【解析】不定式表目的，cook和children构成主动关系。故填to cook。
64.【答案】awakening
【命题意图】考查非谓语动词
【解析】考查非谓语动词。the specialties与awaken构成主动关系，要用现在分词作定语。故填awakening。
65.【答案】where
【命题意图】考查定语从句
【解析】先行词是the place，定语从句中缺地点状语。故填where。
第四部分 写作
第一节
参考范文：
Dear Sam,
I’m Li Hua, the President of the Students’ Union. I am writing to bring up an issue regarding the activity room after the parties you host with students.
Recently, we have noticed that the room is left in a mess after the parties. Empty bottles and food waste are scattered everywhere, and the desks and chairs are in disorder. This not only makes it inconvenient for the next user but also poses a health risk. To address this, I suggest we arrange a cleaning schedule for each party by dividing the students into groups to clean up right after the event.
Thank you for your understanding and cooperation.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
第二节
参考范文：
Paragraph 1:
On reaching the infirmary, the school doctor greeted us with a surprised look. However, after listening to our earnest plea and the cat’s tragic situation, her expression softened. She quickly got to work, conducting a thorough examination. She told us the cat was severely malnourished and had a respiratory infection. While treating the cat, she patiently explained to us the care it needed. We listened intently, absorbing every word, grateful for her expertise. With the doctor’s professional treatment, the cat’s breathing gradually became more stable, and we felt a glimmer of hope.
Paragraph 2:
Over the next few days, we took turns to take care of the cat. We divided the tasks among us. I was in charge of bringing fresh food and water every morning, Tom cleaned the cat’s temporary shelter, and Lily monitored its health closely. As the days passed, the cat’s condition improved remarkably. Its fur became smoother, and its eyes sparkled with newfound vitality. It even started to play with a small ball we brought for it. This experience not only saved a life but also strengthened the bond between us classmates. We realized that with unity and compassion, we could make a difference.
听力材料
Text 1
W: If you do not mind, may I borrow your book Harry Potter after you are done with it
M: John will borrow it after I get it back from Mary. You are welcome to have it once John is finished. John is a fast reader. He will finish it in no time.
Text 2
W: What are you going to do for your birthday
M: I am going to have a picnic in the park. I want to invite all my classmates from college and my football team members.
Text 3
M: Tom Cruise plays the role of a successful New York lawyer who learns that life is not as simple as he thought in the movie.
W: Absolutely right.
M: I really like him. He is so handsome.
Text 4
M: Hey Jane. There is a musical concert in the park. Do you want to see the band play
W: I have finished my homework, so I can join you.
Text 5
W: Where are you taking your wife for your wedding anniversary
M: I thought I’d take her to the French restaurant downtown. We haven’t been there yet.
W: Be sure to make reservations. They are always fully booked since they opened.
Text 6
M: Susan, did you go to the 2023 Beijing International Film Festival
W: Yes. The festival began on April 22nd and didn’t end until April 29th. I was in the city all the time.
M: How many films competed for this year’s Tiantan Award
W: 15. They were selected from record-breaking 1,488 films from 93 countries and regions that had applied for the competition.
M: Did you watch many films on those days
W: Yes. During the festival, over 160 international films of diverse themes were screened in 27 theaters in the city. I watched two films on average daily.
Text 7
M: Are you taking any vacation time in the next few months
W: I’m not sure. Why do you ask
M: I’m trying to create a schedule of vacations, so we can plan better.
W: Well, I was thinking of going away in October, but I don’t have any plans yet.
M: It’s only January now, so I guess we don’t have to worry about that.
W: I can’t go before then. I have to wait till the marketing conference is over in September.
M: And I have to go in July or August when my kids are out of school.
Text 8
W: Today, writer Jack Spears is going to share his writing with us. Jack, some people think that writers write when they feel like writing and that it is more like a hobby than a job. Do you agree
M: Of course not. Although it’s only recently that writing has become my only job, I’ve never seen it as a hobby. Even when I was a child, I took my stories very seriously. When I was a teacher, I used to start writing at about 9 o’clock in the evening, and go on until about two in the morning.
W: And what about now
M: I get up at seven in the morning six days a week and go for a 30-minute run. On Sundays I go swimming. Always sitting at a computer is so unhealthy. I think all writers should at least go for a walk during their working day.
W: Where do you write
M: I have my own office, but sometimes I write in the bedroom, in the sitting room, anywhere in the house if I want to, even on the kitchen table.
Text 9
M: Hi Alice. How are you today
W: I am quite fine. I just finished my math class. What about you You look so upset today.
M: Yeah, I am a little bit confused about my future. I can’t decide which major to choose.
W: Oh, I see. What do you think is best for you
M: My father is a doctor and he wants me to become a doctor. He has advised me to study biology in college. I have attended a few lectures of biology, but I don’t think I like it.
W: So you are interested in math, aren’t you
M: No, not really. I am interested in IT and computer. You know I love to be among technological products. I have a good knowledge of the Internet.
W: Have you talked to your father about it
M: No, not yet. Actually, I am afraid of talking to my father about it.
W: Look, this is the matter of your future. Just try to convince him to accept your point of view.
M: Thank you for your advice. Oh, my class is about to start in 5 minutes. See you.
Text 10
W: Virtual reality is already widespread in entertainment and is starting to spread to fields ranging from education to health care. But while vision and hearing are extremely advanced, and touch is improving, one key sense has been missing from the virtual world: smell.
That may be about to change. Engineer Xinge Yu of the City University of Hong Kong and his colleagues have developed a light, flexible and wireless device that can precisely deliver smells such as pineapple or green tea. VR users can fully immerse in a fragrant virtual world. “Bringing smell into VR expands it into another dimension,” Yu says.
The team’s design was described in a paper. It was published in a journal called Nature Communications. A key advantage of this design is that it can control smell intensity. One demonstration in the study was when a woman in a four-dimensional movie brought a rose up to her nose, the intensity of the smell increased.
