Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth!单元话题阅读理解（含答案+解析） -2024-2025学年九年级英语下册单元重难点高频易错题专练（人教版）

Unit 13 We're trying to save the earth!
单元话题阅读理解
一、阅读理解
1．阅读理解
The world uses about a thousand million (百万) tons of water a day. Water is a human right and everyone should have his share. Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water.
Treating wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water for us. And it also helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans. 80% of wastewater around the world is not treated at all, and it is running into oceans. But now we have got the technology to treat and reuse the wastewater.
While 75% of our planet is covered with water, only 2%is fresh water—that comes from rivers, lakes, ice and snow. The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans. It is too salty to drink. Then desalination businesses come in. More than 19, 000 factories have been built around the world, mostly in coastal countries. They process (加工) more than 92 million tons of water every day. But the technology they use requires a lot of energy.
Scientists are working to create a less costly technology. They want to produce 20 times more clean water and make sure everyone has enough. But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone.
（1）How many people have trouble in getting clean water around the world
A．Under 10 million. B．Only 19 million
C．About 92million. D．Over 700 million.
（2）Treating wastewater helps the environment by ___________.
A．storing waste in ice and snow
B．letting waste run into oceans
C．keeping waste out of rivers and oceans
D．sending waste to coastal countries
（3）What does the underlined word "desalination" in Paragraph 3 mean
A．远洋运输 B．潮汐发电 C．食盐销售 D．海水淡化
（4）At present, the technology to process water _______.
A．needs much energy B．saves much money
C．satisfies everyone D．causes pollution
（5）What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Water should be a human right.
B．The water problem is still serious.
C．Our planet is covered with water.
D．Everyone has enough clean water.
2．阅读理解
How green are you Do you know how to be green
We all need a healthy environment, but we produce waste every day and it does harm to our environment. Though we are young, we can still do something to help. In fact, even the simplest everyday activities can make a real difference to the environment. Here are some ideas for you.
Reduce
Reduce means "use less". Don't waste things. This saves money and reduces pollution and waste going into the environment. Before we buy something new, think whether it is really necessary—or maybe the old one will be just as good! When we buy things, choose local products as possible as you can, and try not to buy too many things from abroad.
Reuse
Reuse means "use again". Use things for as long as possible. When we buy things, make sure that they last a long time. We should look after them so that they will last, and we should repair them if we can instead of throwing them away and buying new ones. Don't use a paper cup or a paper bag. It's better to use a china (瓷器) cup and a lunch box because you can use them again.
Recycle
Recycle means "change things into something else". Though it takes energy to change something into something else, it's better than throwing things away or burning them. Find out what can be recycled in your neighborhood and take part in recycling programs. We should also buy products made from recycled materials, such as recycled paper, to help save trees.
So please remember these three words: reduce, reuse and recycle.
（1）What is the passage about
A．How to produce things. B．How to burn things.
C．How to help others. D．How to be green.
（2）Which of the following is RIGHT
A．Don't waste things. B．Always throw away old things.
C．Always buy new things. D．Buy too many things from abroad.
（3）Why is it better to use a china cup and a lunch box
A．You can burn them.
B．You can use them again.
C．You can throw them away.
D．You can change them into something else.
（4）To protect the environment, we should remember these three words: __________.
A．waste, reuse and recycle B．repair, burn and recycle
C．reduce, reuse and recycle D．reduce, waste and recycle
（5）The passage may come from a __________.
A．menu B．dictionary C．storybook D．magazine
3．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能正确回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
When Jason's parents saw him for the first time, they were shocked(震惊). This lovely little baby with shining blue eyes and curly hair was born disabled(残疾的). But soon the young couple accepted this fact. Jason's arms are just half without hands and his legs aren't fully grown either. They even forgot to think of him as disabled. At the age of six, he told his mother he wanted to get down from the prosthetics(假肢)and play with other kids. This was the last time Jason had worn them. He now has an electric wheelchair(轮椅), but he never uses it at home or when it is easy for him to move using only his body.
Jason learned handwriting and coloring at school, holding the pen between the ends of his arms. He also learned to eat with forks at home. When he was ten, he fell in love with football. He never had a pair of shoes in his life because of the shape of his feet. He only wore socks on the football field. He never won a match, but he refused to give up. His strong arms and body, as well as some fantastic ways made him a respected(受尊重的) player on the school team. He went to a famous university after high school.
Now Jason still faces many hardshipsin life, but he will make you believe that you can do what he has done.
"Never be afraid of any difficulty", Jason often encourages others in his speeches.
（1）Why were Jason's parents shocked when they saw him for the first time
A．Because he was born disabled.
B．Because he had big hands.
C．Because his hair was curly
（2）Jason learned to write and color by holding the pen ______.
A．between his legs B．between his arms C．between his teeth
（3）What does the underlined word "hardships" mean in this passage
A．成就 B．贫穷 C．困难
（4）From the passage, we learn the following about Jason EXPECT ______.
A．he only uses his electric wheelchair at home
B．he only wore socks while playing football
C．he is never afraid of any difficulty in life
（5）What is the best title（标题）of this passage
A．Disabled but still able
B．Playing football brings good luck
C．Never wear prosthetics even disabled
4．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能正确回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
What does it mean to be green "Green" is more than just a color. It also means taking special steps to protect the environment—the water, the land, and the air we breathe. Why green Plants are green, and without them the earth wouldn't be such a lovely home for us human beings.
Sometimes people call ours a "throw—away society". That means we are always throwing away old things and buying new ones. Many times, if you no longer need something, someone else just might need it. For example, if your brother is old enough not to play with his plastic bike, why not give it to another family who has a little kid so that they don't need to buy one And one less large plastic toy doesn't need to be produce.
Recycling(回收利用)has never been easier. Many organizations will pick it up right in front of your house and some towns even require(要求)it. Tell your mom or dad you want to become "Chief of Recycling" for your family. Now that you know what things you can recycle, find a place to keep them. Make sure you encourage everyone in your house to think whether things can be reused or recycled before they're thrown away.
Almost everyone likes traveling. But next time before you travel around the world, take a look at your own backyard. Is there a place where you could plant a tree or put in a little fruit or vegetable garden If so, get there and get your hands dirty. Then you can watch with pride as your tree takes root, and your garden plants grow into big plants full of ripe, red tomatoes or tiny, juicy blueberries. Who knew being green would taste so good
（1）In the first paragraph, the writer introduces the topic of the passage by ________.
A．telling an interesting story
B．explaining the word "green"
C．giving some special examples
（2）In a "throw-away" society, ________.
A．people shouldn't produce any plastic things
B．people can get anything they want from others
C．people always throw away the used things and buy new ones
（3）To be "Chief of Recycling". you should________.
A．recycle things all by yourself
B．ask your family to use the old things all the time
C．find a place to keep the things that can be recycled
（4）You are advised to run a fruit or vegetable garden in order to________.
A．create a green environment
B．make a lot of money
C．get your hands dirty
（5）The purpose of the passage is to tell us that________.
A．we must enjoy nature
B．we had better eat more green food
C．we should protect our environment
5．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能正确回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
Pollution
Hundreds of years ago，life was much harder than it is today. People didn't have modern machines. There was no modern medicine，either.
Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. It's bad to all living things in the world.
Cars，planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt over a city. This kind of quilt is called haze (雾霾).
Many countries are making rules to fight against pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away，and they mustn't blow dirty smoke into the air.
We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and not throw it on the ground. We can go to work by bus or with our friends in the same car. If there are fewer people driving，there will be less pollution.
Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight against pollution.
（1）Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today because________.
A．there were not any modern machines B．there was no modern medicine
C．both A and B D．there were not many people
（2）What is the biggest problem in today's life
A．Water pollution. B．Air pollution.
C．Noise. D．Pollution.
（3）The most serious kind of pollution is________.
A．noise pollution B．air pollution
C．water pollution D．A，B and C
（4）Factories must clean their water________.
A．before they are thrown away B．when they are thrown away
C．after it is thrown away D．before it is thrown away
（5）From the passage we know that________.
A．a few years ago, there was no haze at all
B．today people don't have to talk to each other in a loud voice
C．we can drink water from the polluted rivers and lakes
D．people are making rules in order to fight against pollution
6．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能正确回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
More and more advertisements appear on the Web. You have to be careful not to be fooled or tricked (欺骗) by the advertisements on the Internet. Something is said to be a bargain, but it isn't always cheap. And some so-called new things just have a new outside.
However, shopping online is a kind of fashionable thing today. I love to buy things for everyday use, so I often get lots of information about them on websites online. For example, if I want an MP4, I can choose my favorite one, and look for what the users like or don't like about it, then decide whether to buy or not. And at the same time, you don't have to go to a shop or walk around a crowded shopping area, so you don't have to waste much time. The Internet is really useful for shopping, but be careful not to spend too much.
（1）If you want to shop online, you should ________.
A．spend too much B．always believe the advertisements
C．never believe the advertisements D．be careful not to be fooled
（2）What does the writer think of the advertisements online
A．They're always true. B．They're not useful.
C．They're sometimes not true. D．They're always fashionable.
（3）What does the underlined word "bargain" in the passage probably mean
A．谈判 B．协议 C．贵重物品 D．便宜物品
（4）What does the writer often buy online
A．So-called new things. B．Things like an MP4.
C．So-called cheap things D．Things like a house.
（5）If you shop online, you________.
A．can save time
B．have to waste time
C．have to get expensive things
D．can only buy things with a new outside
7．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能正确回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
Andrew Holleman, a 12-year-old boy, loved playing in the open land near his home. The land was wet and forested, and made a home for birds, other animals and many different plants.
It made the perfect place for him to study and get to know the nature. He had seen some red-tail hawks, red foxes, wood turtles and other animals. He also found special native flowers.
Suddenly it was announced that the "empty" land would be improved by a lot of houses on it. The plants would be removed, the animals would run away and most would probably die. Then the wet soil would be covered with extra grounds.
When he heard about the news, he was not happy. He was very worried that the land and water would be polluted.
Andrew wrote down clearly all the research he had down about the area, and how the houses would affect the local environment. He sent letters to members of local government and television reporters. He also called on his neighbors to opposethe building of the houses.
Although he was only 12 years old, he had the courage and wisdom of a person much older. Andrew' s teachers described him as gentle, shy and active. His classmates also admired how much he knew about local animals and plants, and the environment. Each day after school, Andrew went door-to-door, to ask the people to sign, who did not want the houses to be built. In only one month, he got the signatures of 250 people.
In the end, the land remained a safe place for birds, animals and plants that belonged there.
Andrew won many prizes for his brave and great work to stop the houses being built, and thus help save the environment.
（1）The passage is mainly about_______.
A．250 people who signed to help Andrew.
B．a brave boy who cared for the environment.
C．the open land that suited animals and plants
D．the research of improving the environment.
（2）The underlined word "oppose" in the passage probably means_______.
A．support B．dislike C．disagree D．prefer
（3）Andrew was very worried because________.
A．the animals would be killed
B．new houses would be built on the open land
C．not all the neighbors were going to sign
D．was praised by his teachers and classmates
（4）According to the passage, Andrew__________.
A．was good at going door-to door
B．got in no touch with the reporters
C．usually acted like a person much older
D．was praised by his teachers and classmates
（5）We can infer that_______.
A．the land would remain as it used to be
B．the open land would be built into a park
C．the neighbors would have to move away
D．Andrew would soon work for the government
8．阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能正确回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
Hundreds of years ago, life was harder than it is today. People didn't have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either.
Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution. Water pollution has made our rivers and lakes dirty. It kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us talk louder and become angry more easily. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution to all living things in the world.
Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt (被状物) over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog.
Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away, and they mustn't let dirty smoke go into the air.
We need to do many other things. We can put waste things in the dustbin and do not throw them on the ground. We can go to work by bus with our friends in the same car. If there are fewer people driving, there will be less pollution.
Rules are not enough. Every person must help to fight pollution.
（1）Hundreds of years ago, life was much harder than it is today because _______.
A．there were not modern machines B．there was no modern medicine
C．both A and B D．there were not many people
（2）______ is the biggest pollution in today's life.
A．Water pollution B．Air pollution
C．Noise pollution D．Pollution
（3）The most serious kind of pollution is ________.
A．noise pollution B．air pollution
C．water pollution D．A, B and C
（4）Factories must clean their water ________.
A．before they are thrown away B．when they are thrown away
C．after it is thrown away D．before it is thrown away
（5）From the passage, we know that _______.
A．a few years ago, there was no smog at all
B．today people don't have to talk to each other loudly
C．we can drink water from the polluted rivers and lakes
D．people are making rules in order to (为了)fight pollution
9．阅读理解
When on the go or traveling, a Disposable(一次性) Toothbrush might be just the product for you, Typically, a Disposable Toothbrush is made out of a plastic material, with toothpaste already on the brush head. Just add water while you are using it. In some new Disposable Toothbrush models, the toothpaste comes automatically(自动地) as you squeeze (挤) the handle of the toothbrush.
Colgate has upped the competition in the Disposable Toothbrush market by creating a Disposable Toothbrush that you can use at your desk at work, in your car, or after eating at a restaurant. This toothbrush is called the Colgate Wisp, and is about the size of an index finger. The toothbrush can get to those places that are hard to reach just like a regular toothbrush. No water is necessary when using this toothbrush, making it very useful and convenient. A pack of four of the Colgate Wisp's run at about $2.99. If you are one of those people that like to brush your teeth throughout the day but hate the hassle of carrying a toothbrush and toothpaste around, this is perfect!
Gadgets. is a website that allows different people to share their thoughts and experiences on a certain product. The website gives a general review on the Colgate Wisp，and following the review, people are able to share their first-hand feelings with readers. This is helpful if you are interested in purchasing the Wisp. Visit their website here: gadgets..
However, people throw them away after using them only once. It is a kind of waste and is very bad for the environment. If you travel to Beijing， remember to bring your own things. Starting from June, some hotels in Beijing will no longer provide guests with these disposable goods.
（1）What do you need to do when you use a typical Disposable Toothbrush
A．Use my index finger.
B．Add water to the toothbrush.
C．Brush my teeth three times,
D．Buy it from gadgets. .
（2）What does the underlined word "hassle" in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Trouble. B．Habit. C．Time. D．Idea.
（3）What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph
A．We should try to avoid using the disposable goods.
B．Hotels in Beijing don't like the disposable goods.
C．Travelers like the disposable goods very much.
D．The disposable goods are made out of plastics.
（4）What is the best title for the passage
A．Environment protection B．The Disposable Toothbrush
C．Colgate Wisp D．Gadgets.
答案解析部分
1．（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
（4）A
（5）B
文章大意：世界仍然每天都面临着没有足够的水供应给每个人，水的问题仍然很严重。
（1）细节理解题。根据 Yet more than 700 million people around the world have trouble getting clean, safe water. 可知世界上有超过7亿人在获得清洁用水方面遇到困难，故答案为D。
（2）细节理解题。处理污水有利于环境______。 A 在冰雪中储存废物。与文章意思不符合。 B 让废物流入海洋，与文章意思不符合。C 防止废物进入河流和海洋。与文章意思相符。D 将废物运往沿海国家，与文章意思不符，故答案为C 。
（3）词义猜测题。It is too salty to drink. Then desalination businesses come in. 它(海水）太咸了，不能喝。然后______企业也来了。 海水淡化符合题意，故答案为D。
（4）细节理解题。根据 But the technology they use requires a lot of energy. . 可知水处理技术需要大量的能量，故答案为A。
（1）推理题。根据 But for now, the world still faces each day with not having enough water for everyone. 可知水问题依然很严重，故答案为B。
考查阅读理解。本文涉及词义猜测题、细节理解题和推断题题三种常考题型，词义猜测题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
2．（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
（4）C
（5）D
短文大意：我们都需要一个健康的环境，但我们每天产生废物，它对我们的环境有害。本文为我们提了三点：“使用更少”；“再次使用”；回收在利用；所以请记住这三个字:减少，重用和回收。
（1）主旨大意题。A.How to produce things如何生产产品；B.How to burn things.怎样烧东西；C.How to help others.如何帮助别人；D.How to be green.如何做到环保。根据短文内容和句子 How green are you Do you know how to be green 可知这篇短文是关于如何环保的，故答案为D。
（2）细节理解题。 A.Don't waste things.不要浪费东西。B.Always throw away old things.总是扔掉旧东西。C.Always buy new things. 经常买新东西。D.Buy too many things from abroad.从国外买太多东西。根据常识和文中句子 Don't waste things. 可知不浪费东西是对的，故答案为A。
（3）细节理解日。A.You can burn them.A:你可以烧掉它们。B.You can use them again.你可以再用。C.You can throw them away.你可以把它们扔掉。D.You can change them into something else.你可以把它们变成别的东西。 根据句子 It's better to use a china (瓷器) cup and a lunch box because you can use them again. 可知瓷杯和饭盒可以重复使用，故答案为B。
（4）细节理解题。根据短文内容和最后的总结句子 So please remember these three words: reduce, reuse and recycle. 可知我们应该记住：减少，重用和回收。故答案为C。
（5）推理判断题。A.menu菜单；B.dictionary字典；C.storybook故事书；D.magazine杂志；根据全文内容可知本文是关于环保的，最有可能来自杂志，故答案为D。
考查环保类阅读。细节理解题，这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节，就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。
3．（1）A
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
（5）A
短文大意：这篇短文主要讲述了詹森生来残疾，但是他勇敢的面对生活，战胜了一个有一个的困难。
（1）细节理解题。根据This lovely little baby with shining blue eyes and curly hair was born disabled（残疾的）.描述，可知是因为这个小男孩生来残疾。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据Jason learned handwriting and coloring at school, holding the pen between the ends of his arms.描述，可知詹森用双胳膊夹住笔来书写和涂色 。故选B。
（3）词意猜测题。根据 "Never be afraid of any difficulty", Jason often encourages others in his speeches.“不要害怕任何困难”Jason经常在演讲中鼓励他人。可知hardship是困难的意思，故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据He now has an electric wheelchair（轮椅）, but he never uses it at home描述，可知詹森在家从来不用轮椅。故答案选项A与本文不符。故选A。
（5）标题归纳题。阅读短文可知，这篇短文主要讲述了残疾人詹森勇敢面对生活的故事，可知是虽然残疾但是仍旧有能力做事。故选A。
考查阅读理解。先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息。细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。细节理解题，可直接从文章中找出答案。对于词意猜测题，要根据上下文的联系确定。对于标题归纳题，要根据文章的中心思想确定。
4．（1）B
（2）C
（3）C
（4）A
（5）C
短文大意：这篇短文讲解了绿色并不只是指颜色，知道是我们要采取措施来保护环境，我们应该采取那些方法。
（1）细节理解题。根据 What does it mean to be green "Green" is more than just a color. It also means taking special steps to protect the environment—the water, the land, and the air we breathe. 本段解释了green的含义。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据 Sometimes people call ours a "throw—away society". That means we are always throwing away old things and buying Rew ones.”可知在“一次性社会”我们扔掉旧东西，买新东西，故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据 Tell your mom or dad you want to become "Chief of Recycling" for your family. Now that you know what things you can recycle, find a place to keep them.”可知作为回收主管要找到一个地方存放可回收利用的东西，故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据 But next time before you travel around the world, take a look at your own backyard. Is there a place where you could plant a tree or put in a little fruit or vegetable garden ”可推断，建议种植一片果园或菜园是为了创建一个绿色的环境。故选A。
（5）主旨大意题。根据文章的主题句 What does it mean to be green "Green" is more than just a color. It also means taking special steps to protect the environment 可知，本文教育我们要保护环境。故选C。
考查阅读理解。先阅读短文，理解短文大意。然后分析问题，带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出和问题相关的语句，确定细节理解问题答案。对于推理判断题，根据文章的细节和作者的意图来推理判断，不要主观臆断，做出正确的判断。对于主旨大意题要根据文章的中心句和中心思想确定。
5．（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）D
（5）D
短文大意：本文介绍了污染是我们现在生活中的最大问题之一，空气污染是最严重的污染。为了抵抗污染，许多国家正在制定规则。
（1）细节理解题。根据Hundreds of years ago life was much harder than it is today. People didn't have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either.可知几百年前，生活比现在更加困难，因为人们没有现代机器，也没有现代医学，故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据Life today has brought new problems. One of the biggest is pollution.可知今天生活中最大问题是污染，故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution.可知空气污染是最严重的污染，故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away，and they mustn't blow dirty smoke into the air.可知工厂必须在排放水之前，把水清洁干净。故选D。
（5）细节理解题。根据Many countries are making rules to fight against pollution.可知为了抵抗污染，人们正在制定规则，故选D。
考查阅读理解。先阅读短文，理解短文大意。然后分析题干，带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找到和问题相关的语句，确定细节理解问题答案。
6．（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
（5）A
短文大意：在短文中，作者结合自己的网购体验，谈了网购的好处，同时提醒网购虽然很有用，但要注意不要花太多钱。
（1）考查细节理解题。根据You have to be careful not to be fooled or tricked by the advertisements on the Internet. 可知你必须小心不要被互联网上的广告所欺骗，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据Something is said to be a bargain, but it isn't always cheap. And some so-called new things just have a new outside. 有些东西据说很便宜但它并不总是便宜的，一些所谓的新东西只是外面是新的，可知有些广告是不真实的，故选C。
（3）考查词意猜测题。根据Something is said to be a bargain, but it isn't always cheap. 并不总是便宜的，可知bargain意思是便宜物品，故选D。
（4）考查细节理解题。根据I love to buy things for everyday use,……For example, if I want an MP4,可知作者经常买MP4之类的日常用品，故选B。
（5）考查细节理解题。根据And at the same time, you don't have to go to a shop or walk around a crowded shopping area, so you don't have to waste much time. 不需要去商店或在一个拥挤的购物区所以你不需要浪费很多时间，可知网购可以节省时间，故选A。
考查阅读理解。先分析题干，弄清题意。然后带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找到和问题相关的语句，找出细节理解问题的答案。对于词意猜测题要根据上下文的联系，推断划线单词在文章中的意思。
7．（1）B
（2）C
（3）B
（4）D
（5）A
短文大意：本文介绍了一个关心环境，保护环境的小男孩的故事。他喜欢他家附近的一片空旷的土地，他照顾那里的小鸟和动物。得知这里要建很多房子，他担心这样会破坏环境，就写信给政府官员，并且让不想在这里建房子的邻居签名。最后这片土地仍然是属于小鸟，动物和植物的安全家园。
（1）主旨大意题。根据Andrew won many prizes for his brave and great work to stop the houses being built, and thus help save the environment.可知全文围绕着一个勇敢的男孩为保护环境所做的事展开的，故选B。
（2）词意猜测题。根据The plants would be removed, the animals would run away and most would probably die. 可知在这块土地上建很多房子会导致植物被除去，动物逃走或死去，有很多坏影响，因此Andrew号召邻居们不同意在这里建很多房子，可知oppose是反对的意思，故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据Suddenly it was announced that the "empty" land would be improved by a lot of houses on it和 When he heard about the news, he was not happy. He was very worried that the land and water would be polluted.可知因为Andrew听说将要在这片开阔的土地上建造很多新房子，他担心了，故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据Andrew' s teachers described him as gentle, shy and active. His classmates also admired how much he knew about local animals and plants, and the environment. 可知Andrew的老师表扬他，他的同学钦佩他，故选D。
（5）推理判断题。根据In the end, the land remained a safe place for birds, animals and plants that belonged there. 可知那片土地仍和过去一样属于小鸟，动物和植物的安全家园，故选A。
考查阅读理解。细节理解题，通过阅读短文,可以直接从阅读材料中找到这类问题的答案。对于推理判断题。注意原文出现的语句不是我们做出的推理判断，而是原文给出的细节信息。判断对已知的事实仔细评价后做出的合理决定并非唯一决定，要对事实进行合乎情理的判断，有时还需借助常识进行判断。词意猜测题要根据上下文的语境对某个生词做出推测和判断。对于主旨大意题，要根据主题句和文章的中心思想确定。
8．（1）C
（2）B
（3）B
（4）C
（5）A
短文大意：作者主要介绍了当代生活中存在的污染问题，水污染、空气污染、噪音污染等，对于污染问题，人们应作出努力。
（1）细节理解题。根据People didn't have modern machines. There was no modern medicine, either.可知古代人没有现代化的机器和医药。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据 Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution.可知，空气污染是最严重的一种污染。故选B。
（3）细节理解题。根据 Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution to all living things in the world. 可知，污染是当今生活最大的问题。故选B。
（4）细节理解题。根据Factories must now clean their water before it is thrown away, they mustn't blow dirty smoke into the air可知工厂的水在排放之前必须先清洁，故选C。
（5）细节推理题。根据 Cars, planes and factories all pollute our air every day. Sometimes the polluted air is so thick that it is like a quilt over a city. This kind of quilt is called smog. 描述可推知，雾霾是在由于汽车、飞机等空气污染造成的，几年前根本没有雾霾。故选A。
考查阅读理解。先阅读短文，理解短文大意。然后分析问题，弄清题干意思，然后带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找到和问题相关的语句，确定细节理解问题答案。
9．（1）B
（2）A
（3）A
（4）B
文章大意：本文介绍了一次性产品比较方便，同时也给环境带来了污染，为了保护环境，我们应该避免使用一次性物品。
（1）细节题。根据 a Disposable Toothbrush is made out of a plastic material, with toothpaste already on the brush head. Just add water while you are using it.可知一次性牙刷上面带有牙膏，所以使用时只需加点水，故选B。
（2）词义猜测题。根据 If you are one of those people that like to brush your teeth throughout the day but hate the hassle of carrying a toothbrush and toothpaste around, this is perfect! 如果你一天刷牙，用一次性牙刷，不用自己带，那是好的，这样可以减少自己携带的麻烦，可知猜测出 hassle是麻烦的意思，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据 However, people throw them away after using them only once. It is a kind of waste and is very bad for the environment. 可知作者想告诉人保护环境，避免一次性物品，故选A。
（4）主旨题。根据文章内容介绍一次性产品的好处及坏处，故选B。
考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，推断题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。