湖南省安乡县2024-2025学年高一下学期开学英语试题（含解析，含听力原文无音频）
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| 名称 | 湖南省安乡县2024-2025学年高一下学期开学英语试题（含解析，含听力原文无音频） |  | |
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湖南省常德市安乡县2024-2025学年
高一下学期开学考试英语试题
一、听力选择题
1．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．The whales. B．The weather. C．A voyage.
2．How does the man feel about the coming game
A．Nervous. B．Confident. C．Careless.
3．What does the man think of the exam
A．Quite easy. B．Just so-so. C．Very difficult.
4．What does the woman ask the man to do
A．Pick up some papers.
B．Tell her the order of papers.
C．Place the papers where they were.
5．Where is the man probably now
A．At the airport. B．On the subway. C．At home.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．How old is the woman’s grandfather
A．79. B．78. C．80.
7．What did the woman’s grandfather do last winter
A．He went in the hospital. B．He went on a cycling holiday.
C．He attended a skiing contest.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What did the man do last weekend
A．He watched TV. B．He stayed at home. C．He visited a friend.
9．What will the woman probably do this weekend
A．Play tennis. B．Do some shopping. C．Go to a dance party.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．What does the man think of the woman's idea at first
A．He doubts it. B．He agrees with it. C．He strongly opposes it.
11．Why does the woman want to plant things
A．To work outside more.
B．To be like the neighbors.
C．To make the house more beautiful.
12．What flowers does the woman want
A．Pink ones. B．Purple ones. C．Yellow ones.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．What is the woman doing
A．Hosting a program. B．Reporting news. C．Having a treatment.
14．How many standards of a healthy lifestyle are mentioned
A．4. B．5. C．6.
15．What does the man say about smoking
A．It’s hard to quit smoking.
B．It’s okay to smoke a little.
C．Smoking is not healthy at all.
16．What is the man’s last suggestion
A．Exercising regularly. B．Drinking less. C．Getting enough sleep.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．Where is the talk given
A．At a birthday party. B．At a routine meeting. C．At an opening of a club.
18．Why does the speaker give Joan Miller a special welcome
A．To wish her a happy birthday.
B．To thank her for her coming.
C．To invite her to join the club.
19．What can the participants do after lunch
A．Chat with each other.
B．Clean the meeting room.
C．Have a birthday party.
20．What can be one of the club’s aims
A．Expanding members. B．Donating food. C．Offering companionship.
二、阅读理解
Activities for the St. Patrick’s Day
Celtic Journey with the Nashville Symphony (交响乐)
Enrico Lopez-Ya ez, the Principal Pops Conductor of the Nashville Symphony, leads the Nashville Symphony joining the Scott-Ellis School of Irish Dance for a night of Irish music and dancing. Put on your best green dress and get ready for a night of entertainment you’ll never forget.
615-687-4040
All ages. Schermerhorn Symphony Center, One Symphony Place, Nashville. $38~$126.
St. Patrick’s Day Hands-on Cooking Class
Learn the techniques for silky braised meat such as Lamb Stew & Corned Beef, as well as Irish classics Colcannon & Rarebit. Participate in karaoke and enjoy St. Patrick’s Day-inspired snacks.
615-942-7169
Adults. Green Door Gourmet, 7007 River Road Pike, Nashville. $55.
Annual St. Patrick’s Music City Long-distance Running
Runners will start on Victory Avenue, onto South First Street, continue into Shelby Park, turn left to Greenway, 1oop (环绕) around Sevier Lake, then exit Sevier Lake, and go onto Shelby Bottoms till the finish point. For 10K runners, turn around to complete a second loop of the above course.
615-898-1862
Ages 18-50. Nissan Stadium, One Titans Way, Nashville. $60 for the 5K and $80 for the 10K.
Note: For group participants (at least 3 people), there is a 10% discount for the registration.
Lucky Leprechaun Hunt
Bounce on inflatable mats(充气垫)and search for gold coins for prizes. Here we can give kids their best birthday party. It’s the perfect place for great, bouncy fun with huge bounce houses and plenty of games - there is even a special birthday throne!
615-893-8386
Ages 3-6. Bounce U Murfreesboro, 1222 Park Ave., Murfreesboro. $11.95.
21．What can visitors do at the Schermerhorn Symphony Center
A．Learn how to conduct bands from Enrico. B．Acquire some cooking techniques.
C．Enjoy a feast of music and dancing. D．Dance with the performers on stage.
22．How much should they pay if an adult man and his parents take part in the 5K
A．$162. B．$180. C．$200. D．$216.
23．Where can a mom go to get information about birthday celebrations for her son
A．Schermerhorn Symphony Center. B．Green Door Gourmet.
C．Nissan Stadium. D．Bounce U Murfreesboro.
During his life Dr James Naismith worked as a doctor, taught P.E and wrote several books. While he never thought it very important, Dr Naismith is today best known for one thing. He was the inventor of basketball.
Dr James Naismith was born in Canada in 1861 and his first job was at a special sports school in the USA．One day the school principal told James he was having a problem with the students. Because of heavy snow, the students could not go outside. He told James that they needed a sport the boys could play indoors and gave the teacher two weeks to think of something.
It was on the very last day that James came up with his idea. The “birth of basketball” is said to be on December 21, 1891, when two teams from the school played the first game. It was quite different from the basketball games of today. It had 9 players on each team and footballs were used instead of basketballs. Soon after, the game changed to 5 players on each side, using special “basketballs” through nets.
Although Dr Naismith did not live to see basketball become the worldwide game it is today, in 1936, just three years before his death, basketball became an Olympic sport at the Games in Berlin.
24．Which of the following things did Dr James Naismith NOT do
A．Teach P.E in school. B．Write some books.
C．Work at a hospital. D．Take part in the Olympic Games.
25．In which season did Dr Naismith invent basketball
A．Summer. B．Winter. C．Spring. D．Autumn.
26．Why is December 21 thought to be the birthday of basketball
A．It was on this day that Dr Naismith came up with his idea for basketball.
B．It was the day on which Dr Naismith was born.
C．It was the day on which Dr Naismith was asked by his boss to invent a new game.
D．It was on this day that the first game of basketball was played.
27．At the time of Dr Naismith’s death, which of the following was true
A．Basketball was already a worldwide game.
B．Basketball was played with 9 players on each side.
C．Basketball was an Olympic sport.
D．Basketball was still played using footballs.
All of us face a variety of risks to our health in our daily life. Driving cars and being exposed to environmental pollutants all pose certain degrees of risk. Some risks would restrict our ability to lead a good life. And some are risks we might decide to avoid if we had the opportunity to make informed choices. Indoor air pollution is one risk that you can do something about.
Scientific evidence has indicated that the air within homes can be more seriously polluted than the outdoor air in even the most industrialized cities. Other research indicates that people spend approximately 90 percent of their time indoors. Thus, for many people, the risks to health may be greater due to exposure to air pollution indoors than outdoors.
In addition, people exposed to indoor air pollutants for the longest periods of time are often those most susceptible to the effects of indoor air pollution. Such groups include kids, the elderly and the chronically ill, especially those suffering from respiratory disease.
While pollutant levels from individual sources may not pose a significant health risk by themselves, most homes have more than one source that contributes to indoor air pollution. There can be a serious risk from the cumulative effects of these sources. Fortunately, there are steps that most people can take both to reduce the risk from existing sources and to prevent new problems from occurring. This brochure was prepared by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) to help you decide whether to take action that can reduce the level of indoor air pollution in your own home.
Because so many Americans spend a lot of time in offices with mechanical heating and cooling systems, there is also a short section on the causes of poor air quality in offices and what you can do if you suspect that your office may have a problem.
28．Who will be exposed to indoor air pollution more often according to the text
A．A driver. B．A housewife. C．A farmer. D．A cyclist.
29．What does the underlined word “susceptible” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Sensitive. B．Essential. C．Accustomed. D．Familiar.
30．What can the brochure of EPA and CPSC help people do
A．Lead a healthier and richer life. B．Throw individual things away.
C．Get rid of the risk of air pollution. D．Reduce the risk of indoor air pollution.
31．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text
A．To show Americans’ unhealthy lifestyle.
B．To stress the negative influence of pollution.
C．To tell people to reduce the time spent at home.
D．To remind people to take note of indoor air pollution.
Christmas can easily become an expensive time of a year. From gifts to decorating, the money spent on the celebration adds up quickly. But there’s no reason to completely break the bank. 32 Make a budget. Set the amount you’re willing to spend for the holiday, including gift giving, decorating and travel. 33 And if you can keep to your budget, you’ll lead an easy life in the following weeks and months.
34 Stores have sales for decorations between Halloween and Thanksgiving. And it’s after Thanksgiving that the prices begin to go up. Better yet, go shopping for next year’s decorations the day after Christmas. You can buy many things at very low prices right after Christmas.
Shop for gifts all year round. Whenever you are out shopping, keep an eye out for great Christmas presents. 35 Shopping early can prevent you from spending more money than you can afford. And if you spend little here and there throughout the year, Christmas will have a much smaller influence on your wallet in December.
Scale down your gift giving. Sometimes you just can’t afford to get something for everyone. Remove the people from your list whom you rarely speak with. 36 The people you do choose to buy for don’t need something expensive. Keep in mind that it’s the thought that is more important.
A．Send them simple cards instead.
B．This budget is perfect for many people.
C．Once you have a budget set, keep to it.
D．Start shopping for Christmas decorations early.
E．Christmas is known as the season of giving, sharing and receiving.
F．There are ways to celebrate well and spend wisely at the same time.
G．It doesn’t matter when you get the gift, whether it’s January or June.
All of us face a variety of risks to our health in our daily life. Driving cars and being exposed to environmental pollutants all pose certain degrees of risk. Some risks would restrict our ability to lead a good life. And some are risks we might decide to avoid if we had the opportunity to make informed choices. Indoor air pollution is one risk that you can do something about.
Scientific evidence has indicated that the air within homes can be more seriously polluted than the outdoor air in even the most industrialized cities. Other research indicates that people spend approximately 90 percent of their time indoors. Thus, for many people, the risks to health may be greater due to exposure to air pollution indoors than outdoors.
In addition, people exposed to indoor air pollutants for the longest periods of time are often those most susceptible to the effects of indoor air pollution. Such groups include kids, the elderly and the chronically ill, especially those suffering from respiratory disease.
While pollutant levels from individual sources may not pose a significant health risk by themselves, most homes have more than one source that contributes to indoor air pollution. There can be a serious risk from the cumulative effects of these sources. Fortunately, there are steps that most people can take both to reduce the risk from existing sources and to prevent new problems from occurring. This brochure was prepared by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) to help you decide whether to take action that can reduce the level of indoor air pollution in your own home.
Because so many Americans spend a lot of time in offices with mechanical heating and cooling systems, there is also a short section on the causes of poor air quality in offices and what you can do if you suspect that your office may have a problem.
37．Who will be exposed to indoor air pollution more often according to the text
A．A driver. B．A housewife. C．A farmer. D．A cyclist.
38．What does the underlined word “susceptible” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Sensitive. B．Essential. C．Accustomed. D．Familiar.
39．What can the brochure of EPA and CPSC help people do
A．Lead a healthier and richer life. B．Throw individual things away.
C．Get rid of the risk of air pollution. D．Reduce the risk of indoor air pollution.
40．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text
A．To show Americans’ unhealthy lifestyle.
B．To stress the negative influence of pollution.
C．To tell people to reduce the time spent at home.
D．To remind people to take note of indoor air pollution.
三、完形填空
After more than 40 years of service to the Sunset Hills Community, Ricky Woods, a beloved bus driver, said goodbye to his role.
Two days before his 41 , Woods was greeted with a 42 as he arrived at his usual working spot. The streets were lined with signs bearing warm messages and a celebratory cake 43 him. Deeply touched, Woods expressed, “It was unexpected and very emotional. My heart is 44 .”
Woods’ impact on the community was 45 . His acts of kindness and willingness to go the extra mile made him an 46 part of Sunset Hills.
One neighbor 47 recalled an instance where Woods 48 in an emergency. “One day, my grandfather had a heart attack. It was Ricky who took immediate action and 49 to take my grandfather to hospital. My grandfather received timely 50 and recovered,” the neighbor shared.
Woods’ 51 nature extended beyond just people. Besides kindly interacting with kids, Woods always had a treat on hand for their 52 .
To show their 53 , the community came together to create lasting memories for Woods. Neighbors 54 their resources to make a plaque (牌匾) gifted to Woods, which reads, “In appreciation of your many years of 55 .”
41．A．travel B．mission C．retirement D．graduation
42．A．surprise B．wedding C．chance D．routine
43．A．waited for B．fell off C．changed into D．came from
44．A．functional B．freezing C．full D．broken
45．A．temporary B．avoidable C．slight D．significant
46．A．impossible B．irreplaceable C．insensitive D．uncontrollable
47．A．jokingly B．regretfully C．hesitantly D．fondly
48．A．apologized B．helped C．talked D．trained
49．A．managed B．declined C．wished D．pretended
50．A．education B．information C．treatment D．advice
51．A．modest B．creative C．adventurous D．caring
52．A．signs B．pets C．neighbors D．teachers
53．A．wealth B．honesty C．gratitude D．generosity
54．A．loaned B．returned C．distributed D．pooled
55．A．devotion B．guidance C．ambition D．tolerance
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese war film The Battle at Lake Changjin 56 (arouse) enthusiastic discussion on Chinese social media since it debuted around the country on September 30.
The film tells the story about how Chinese People's Volunteer soldiers held their ground during fierce cold and the enemy's more 57 (advance) weapons. However, the real battlefield is far 58 impressive. Changjin Lake 59 (locate) in North Korea. The war was 60 in severely cold winter with temperature of around -40℃. CPV soldiers did not only need to fight against enemies, but had to battle over the nature with their strong will. Chinese People's Volunteer Army won the battle by 61 (fight) against impossible odds. The Battle of Changjin Lake became a critical moment in the war. It is not the film itself but the 62 (hero) of the war years who fought 63 (bloody) for our country and the people 64 make people moved
Song Zhongping, 65 military expert and TV commentator, emphasized that the film shows that the Chinese people don't provoke troubles, but never flinch(退缩) when troubles come their way and are able to defeat provocations.(挑衅)
五、书信写作
66．近几年全球地震频发。地震会造成包括房屋倒塌、人员伤亡等在内的一系列可怕后果。因此在发生地震时如何保护自己成为了一个重要的话题。请你以”How to Survive in an Earthquake”为题写一篇文章。
内容要点:1.地震来临时不要慌张。如果在室外请远离大树、高楼、高压线等物。
2.如果在室内，要尽量躲在桌子等坚固家具下面，并注意保护好头部、颈部。
3.逃生时不要选择乘坐电梯。
注意:1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
How to Survive in an Earthquake
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
六、书面表达
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One morning after a storm, a boy named Lucas took a walk along the beach. He noticed many small fish were trapped in the puddles (小水坑) on the sand, unable to return to the sea. Without help, these fish would surely die. As Lucas continued walking, he spotted a man near the puddles. The man was tirelessly bending down, picking up the fish and gently throwing them back into the ocean. Lucas watched in puzzlement as the man saved the lives of the helpless fish.
Then Lucas couldn’t resist approaching the man and said, “There are hundreds, even thousands of fish in these puddles. You can’t save them all.” “I know,” the man replied without looking back, “but this fish cares.” As he spoke, he picked up another fish and returned it to the sea. He added, “This one cares, and this one, and this one…”
As Lucas stood there, watching the man save the fish, he couldn’t help but feel a sense of admiration mixed with a lot of guilt. Here was a man, who was making a difference in the lives of these creatures, while Lucas had never taken such simple yet meaningful actions.
Minutes later, Lucas had another talk with the man. He learned that the man usually came to the beach before going to work to help the stuck fish. The man explained that he had witnessed the result of a storm a few years back, in which countless fish died on the shore. Since then, he had made it his mission to do whatever he could to prevent such a tragedy from happening again.
Lucas was still puzzled by what the man was doing, so he asked the man, “Does it make sense for you to do that Even if you could save these fish, could you make any great impact ” The man smiled and said, “I know my own efforts are insignificant, but if I don’t even try a little bit, I will feel guilty inside.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Moved by the man’s determination, Lucas decided to lend a hand.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, Lucas couldn’t help but reflect on his own life.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
《湖南省常德市安乡县2024-2025学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 C B C C C A C C A A
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 C A A B C C C A A C
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 C A D D B D C B A D
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 D F C D G A B A D D
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 C A A C D B D B A C
题号 51 52 53 54 55
答案 D B C D A
1．C
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
2．B
【原文】W: we are days away from our biggest game of the year, are you nervous
M: Not at all. I think we will win. All of us are busy practicing basketball skill now.
3．C
【原文】W: I think I can get an A in this exam. It’s not so difficult as far as I’m concerned.
M: How I envy you, Lisa! This exam is a real killer for me. I’ll be satisfied if I can get a pass mark.
4．C
【原文】W: Don’t get those papers out of order, whatever you do.
M: Uh, oh. You should have told me that sooner.
W: You’d better put them back on the desk, then!
5．C
【原文】W: Hello, this is Police Station. How can I help you
M: Hello, I’m calling to report a lost wallet, I think I left it on the subway when I came back from the airport. I just realized that when I began to unpack my luggage.
6．A 7．C
【分析】W: My grandfather hasn’t been too well lately.
M: Oh dear. I’m sorry to hear that.
W: He’s 79. Don’t you think he should slow down a bit at his age
M: Absolutely.
W: But he won’t listen to me. He says he wants to enjoy his life to the full.
M: Fair enough.
W: Last summer he went on a two-week cycling holiday in France. Last winter he attended a skiing contest.
M: You are kidding. I can’t believe it.
W: We’re going to give him a big party for his 80th birthday.
M: That’s great.
W: But before that, I’m going to have a word with him and tell him to take things more easy.
M: Good for you.
6．此题为听力题，解析略。
7．此题为听力题，解析略。
8．C 9．A
【分析】W: What did you do last weekend, Bob Stayed at home again
M: No, I visited a friend. Then I went to a dance party.
W: Did you enjoy the dance
M: No, I didn’t. There were too many people. And what about you, Ann
W: I watched TV on Saturday morning and went shopping in the afternoon. ⑦I played tennis on Sunday.
M: Ah, did you win
W: Yes, I did.
M: Great. Can I have a game with you sometime this weekend
W: Sure.
8．此题为听力题，解析略。
9．此题为听力题，解析略。
10．A 11．C 12．A
【原文】
13．A 14．B 15．C 16．C
【原文】W: Hello, ladies and gentlemen! Today, we’ve invited Dr. Green from General Hospital to talk about the importance of a healthy lifestyle. Welcome to our show, Dr. Green!
M: Hello, everyone. I’m Steven Green. As it turns out, healthy habits make a big difference. So I want to share my opinions with you.
W: Well, can you tell us the standards of a healthy lifestyle
M: Yes. They are diet, physical activity level, body weight, smoking and alcohol intake.
W: Really Smoking is one of the standards
M: Yes. There is no health y amount of smoking. “Healthy” here means never smoking. And this is the most basic standard of a healthy lifestyle.
W: Can you give us some suggestions on keeping a healthy lifestyle
M: Sure. Eat healthily and regularly. Exercise for at least 30 minutes a day. Quit smoking. And drink moderately. I’d like to add that enough sleep is good for staying active. Stick with these things, and you’ll make a difference.
W: Thanks a million, Dr. Green.
17．C 18．A 19．A 20．C
【原文】
W: Ladies and gentlemen, it is my great pleasure to present the first meeting of the Woodville Lunch for Senior Citizens. We all hope that this will be a great success and that there will be more to come. I’m extremely pleased that so many of you are able to be here today and I give a warm welcome to you all. I would like to say a particularly warm welcome to Joan Miller, who is ninety-four years old today. I’m sure that you will all join me in wishing Joan a very happy birthday.
The aim of the club is, of course, not only to provide food, but also to provide companionship. It is extremely important that people of all ages eat nutritious food, and I can tell you now that it is delicious! I have already tasted it. I’m sure that many of you would like to stay on after the lunch things have been cleared away so that you can have a chat. Today, we’re not in a hurry so that you can get to know each other. Indeed, I hope you will enjoy yourselves and this is the main point of this club. Have fun!
21．C 22．A 23．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍圣帕特里克节的一些活动。
21．细节理解题。由Celtic Journey with the Nashville Symphony (交响乐)中“Enrico Lopez-Ya ez, the Principal Pops Conductor of the Nashville Symphony, leads the Nashville Symphony joining the Scott-Ellis School of Irish Dance for a night of Irish music and dancing. Put on your best green dress and get ready for a night of entertainment you’ll never forget.(纳什维尔交响乐团首席流行音乐指挥Enrico Lopez Ya ez带领纳什维尔交响曲加入Scott Ellis爱尔兰舞蹈学院，享受爱尔兰音乐和舞蹈之夜。穿上你最好的绿色连衣裙，为一个你永远不会忘记的娱乐之夜做好准备。)”可知，在 Schermerhorn Symphony Center可以享受爱尔兰音乐和舞蹈。故选C项。
22．细节理解题。由Annual St. Patrick’s Music City Long-distance Running中“Ages 18-50. Nissan Stadium, One Titans Way, Nashville. $60 for the 5K and $80 for the 10K. Note: For group participants (at least 3 people), there is a 10% discount for the registration.(18-50岁。 Nissan体育场，一条泰坦之路，纳什维尔5公里60美元，10公里80美元。注：对于团体参与者（至少3人），注册可享受10%的折扣。)”可知，一个成年男子和他的父母参加5公里赛跑需要支付3*60*90%=162。故选A项。
23．细节理解题。由Lucky Leprechaun Hunt中“Bounce on inflatable mats(充气垫)and search for gold coins for prizes. Here we can give kids their best birthday party. It’s the perfect place for great, bouncy fun with huge bounce houses and plenty of games - there is even a special birthday throne!(在充气垫上蹦蹦跳跳，寻找金币作为奖品。在这里，我们可以为孩子们举办他们最好的生日派对。这是一个非常棒的地方，有巨大的弹跳屋和大量的游戏，甚至还有一个特别的生日王座！)”可知，母亲可以带孩子在Bounce U Murfreesboro庆祝生日。故选D项。
24．D 25．B 26．D 27．C
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Dr James Naismith发明篮球的过程，并且篮球最终成为世界性运动并被纳入奥林匹克比赛项目。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“During his life Dr James Naismith worked as a doctor, taught P.E and wrote several books.”（在他的一生中，Dr James Naismith当过医生，教过体育，并写了几本书。）可知，Dr James Naismith在医院工作过，在学校交过体育，写过书，但没有提及参加奥运会。故选D项。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段“Because of heavy snow, the students could not go outside. He told James that they needed a sport the boys could play indoors and gave the teacher two weeks to think of something.”（因为大雪，学生们不能出去。他告诉James，他们需要一种孩子们可以在室内玩的运动，并给老师两周时间想想。）可推知，当时下大雪，可推断是冬天。故选B项。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段“The “birth of basketball” is said to be on December 21, 1891, when two teams from the school played the first game.”（据说“篮球的诞生”是在1891年12月21日，学校的两支球队进行了第一场比赛。）可知，12月21日被称为篮球的诞生日是因为那天举行了第一场篮球赛。故选D项。
27．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Although Dr Naismith did not live to see basketball become the worldwide game it is today, in 1936, just three years before his death, basketball became an Olympic sport at the Games in Berlin.”（尽管Dr Naismith 没能活着看到篮球成为今天这样的世界性运动，但在1936年，也就是他去世的前三年，篮球成为了柏林奥运会的一项比赛项目。）可知，在他去世之前，篮球已经成为奥运会比赛项目。故选C项。
【点睛】
28．B 29．A 30．D 31．D
【分析】本文是说明文。科学家们发现室内空气污染有很大危害，因此我们要更加关注室内空气污染。
28．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Scientific evidence has indicated that the air within homes can be more seriously polluted than the outdoor air in even the most industrialized cities.(科学证据表明，即使在工业化程度最高的城市，室内空气污染也可能比室外空气污染更严重)”可知，一个家庭主妇会更经常地暴露在室内空气污染中。故选B。
29．词句猜测题。根据画线部分后一句“Such groups include kids, the elderly and the chronically ill, especially those suffering from respiratory disease.”可知，那些暴露在被污染的室内空气中的人包括了小孩、老人和患有慢性病的人，而这些人都是对室内空气污染很敏感的人。故画线词意思是“敏感的”。A. Sensitive.敏感的；B. Essential.必不可少的；C. Accustomed.习惯的；D. Familiar.熟悉的。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据第四段中“This brochure was prepared by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) to help you decide whether to take action that can reduce the level of indoor air pollution in your own home.(这本小册子是由美国环境保护署(EPA)和美国消费品安全委员会(CPSC)编写的，帮助您决定是否采取行动，以减少您家中的室内空气污染水平)”可知，由EPA和CPSC制定的资料手册中的内容可以帮助人们减少室内空气污染。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Driving cars and being exposed to environmental pollutants all pose certain degrees of risk. Some risks would restrict our ability to lead a good life. And some are risks we might decide to avoid if we had the opportunity to make informed choices. Indoor air pollution is one risk that you can do something about.(开车和暴露在环境污染物中都有一定程度的风险。有些风险会限制我们过上美好生活的能力。如果我们有机会做出明智的选择，有些风险我们可能会决定避免。室内空气污染是你可以采取措施的风险之一)”结合文章分析了室内空气污染的危害，以提醒人们注意室内空气污染。可推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是提醒人们注意室内空气污染。故选D。
32．F 33．C 34．D 35．G 36．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要就圣诞节的时候怎样减少花销提出了一些建议。
32．根据上文“But there’s no reason to completely break the bank.(但没有理由让你倾家荡产)”以及下文提出了圣诞节的时候怎样减少花销提出了一些建议，可知，这有一些方法既可以帮你节省钱同时也能让你好好庆祝圣诞节。故F选项“有一些方法既可以庆祝又可以明智地消费”符合语境，故选F。
33．根据后文“And if you can keep to your budget, you’ll lead an easy life in the following weeks and months.(如果你能遵守你的预算，你会在接下来的几周或几个月里过着轻松的生活)”可知，后文提到了遵守预算，故本句是在说明制定预算的情况。故C选项“可知，我们一旦制定了预算，就要遵守我们的预算”符合语境，故选C。
34．根据后文“Stores have sales for decorations between Halloween and Thanksgiving. And it’s after Thanksgiving that the prices begin to go up. Better yet, go shopping for next year’s decorations the day after Christmas. You can buy many things at very low prices right after Christmas.(商店在万圣节和感恩节之间进行装饰品销售。感恩节过后，价格开始上涨。更好的是，在圣诞节后的第二天去采购明年的装饰品。圣诞节过后，你可以以很低的价格买到很多东西)”可知，本段主要是关于圣诞节采购的建议。故D选项“尽早开始采购圣诞装饰”符合语境，故选D。
35．根据上文“Shop for gifts all year round. Whenever you are out shopping, keep an eye out for great Christmas presents.(一年到头买礼物。无论你什么时候出去购物，都要留心那些很棒的圣诞礼物)”可知，上文提到了买礼物什么时候都可以，故G选项“不管是一月还是六月，你什么时候买礼物都没关系”符合语境，故选G。
36．根据上文“Remove the people from your list whom you rarely speak with.(把那些你很少联系的人从你的名单上删除)”可知，本句承接上文说明如何给那些很少联系的人送礼物。故A选项“给他们寄些简单的卡片吧”符合语境，故选A。
37．B 38．A 39．D 40．D
【分析】本文是说明文。科学家们发现室内空气污染有很大危害，因此我们要更加关注室内空气污染。
37．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Scientific evidence has indicated that the air within homes can be more seriously polluted than the outdoor air in even the most industrialized cities.(科学证据表明，即使在工业化程度最高的城市，室内空气污染也可能比室外空气污染更严重)”可知，一个家庭主妇会更经常地暴露在室内空气污染中。故选B。
38．词句猜测题。根据画线部分后一句“Such groups include kids, the elderly and the chronically ill, especially those suffering from respiratory disease.”可知，那些暴露在被污染的室内空气中的人包括了小孩、老人和患有慢性病的人，而这些人都是对室内空气污染很敏感的人。故画线词意思是“敏感的”。A. Sensitive.敏感的；B. Essential.必不可少的；C. Accustomed.习惯的；D. Familiar.熟悉的。故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据第四段中“This brochure was prepared by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) to help you decide whether to take action that can reduce the level of indoor air pollution in your own home.(这本小册子是由美国环境保护署(EPA)和美国消费品安全委员会(CPSC)编写的，帮助您决定是否采取行动，以减少您家中的室内空气污染水平)”可知，由EPA和CPSC制定的资料手册中的内容可以帮助人们减少室内空气污染。故选D。
40．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Driving cars and being exposed to environmental pollutants all pose certain degrees of risk. Some risks would restrict our ability to lead a good life. And some are risks we might decide to avoid if we had the opportunity to make informed choices. Indoor air pollution is one risk that you can do something about.(开车和暴露在环境污染物中都有一定程度的风险。有些风险会限制我们过上美好生活的能力。如果我们有机会做出明智的选择，有些风险我们可能会决定避免。室内空气污染是你可以采取措施的风险之一)”结合文章分析了室内空气污染的危害，以提醒人们注意室内空气污染。可推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是提醒人们注意室内空气污染。故选D。
41．C 42．A 43．A 44．C 45．D 46．B 47．D 48．B 49．A 50．C 51．D 52．B 53．C 54．D 55．A
【导语】本文是记叙文。介绍了一位深受社区爱戴的公交车司机 Ricky Woods 退休前的故事，详细描述了他在社区中的影响和他与社区居民之间的温馨互动。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在伍兹退休的前两天，当他来到他平时工作的地方时，受到了一个惊喜。A. travel旅行；B. mission任务；C. retirement退休；D. graduation毕业。根据前文“After more than 40 years of service to the Sunset Hills Community, Ricky Woods, a beloved bus driver, said goodbye to his role.”可知，瑞奇·伍兹，一位受人爱戴的巴士司机，告别了他的角色，也就是退休了。故选C项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在伍兹退休的前两天，当他来到他平时工作的地方时，受到了一个惊喜。A. surprise惊喜；B. wedding婚礼；C. chance机会；D. routine日常。根据后文“Deeply touched, Woods expressed, “It was unexpected and very emotional. My heart is 4 .””可知，伍兹没有料到，所以是受到了一个惊喜。故选A项。
43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：街道两旁都是写着温暖信息的标语，还有一个庆祝蛋糕等着他。A. waited for等待；B. fell off跌落；C. changed into变成；D. came from来自。根据前文“The streets were lined with signs bearing warm messages”可知，是社区的人在为伍兹的退休庆祝，所以是有一个庆祝蛋糕等着他。故选A项。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伍兹深受感动，他说：“这是出乎意料的，非常感人。我的心很充实”。A. functional功能性的；B. freezing极冷的；C. full满的；D. broken损坏的。根据前文“Deeply touched”可知，伍兹深受感动，所以他的心很充实。故选C项。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伍兹对社区的影响是巨大的。A. temporary临时的；B. avoidable可避免的；C. slight轻微的；D. significant有重大意义的。根据后文“His acts of kindness and willingness to go the extra mile made him an 6 part of Sunset Hills.”可知，他的善举和愿意付出额外的努力影响着社区，所以是影响巨大的。故选D项。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的善良和愿意付出额外的努力使他成为日落山不可替代的一部分。A. impossible不可能的；B. irreplaceable无可替代的；C. insensitive不敏感的；D. uncontrollable无法控制的。根据前文“Woods’ impact on the community was 5 .”可知，伍兹对社区的影响是巨大的，所以是不可替代的一部分。故选B项。
47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一位邻居深情地回忆起伍兹在紧急情况下提供帮助的一个例子。A. jokingly开玩笑地；B. regretfully遗憾地；C. hesitantly犹豫地；D. fondly深情地。根据后文“One day, my grandfather had a heart attack. It was Ricky who took immediate action and 9 to take my grandfather to hospital.”可知，伍兹救了他爷爷，应该是非常感激的，所以是深情地回忆。故选D项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位邻居深情地回忆起伍兹在紧急情况下提供帮助的一个例子。A. apologized道歉；B. helped帮助；C. talked谈话；D. trained训练。根据后文“One day, my grandfather had a heart attack. It was Ricky who took immediate action and 9 to take my grandfather to hospital.”可知，伍兹及时采取行动送完医院救了他爷爷，所以是提供帮助。故选B项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：是里奇立即采取行动，设法把我祖父送到了医院。A. managed管理，设法；B. declined下降，拒绝；C. wished希望；D. pretended假装。根据前文“One day, my grandfather had a heart attack”以及后文“take my grandfather to hospital”可知，他的爷爷心脏病犯了，所以应是设法把祖父送到了医院。故选A项。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我的祖父得到了及时的治疗，康复了”，邻居分享道。A. education教育；B. information信息；C. treatment治疗；D. advice建议。根据前文“One day, my grandfather had a heart attack. It was Ricky who took immediate action and 9 to take my grandfather to hospital.”可知，爷爷被送往医院，应是得到了及时的治疗。故选C项。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伍兹的爱心不仅仅局限于人。A. modest谦虚的；B. creative有创造力的；C. adventurous爱冒险的；D. caring关心他人的。根据前文“His acts of kindness and willingness to go the extra mile”可知，伍兹是善良的，也就是关心人的。故选D项。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了与孩子们友好相处外，伍兹总是为他们的宠物准备好食物。A. signs标志；B. pets宠物；C. neighbors邻居；D. teachers老师。根据前文“Woods’ 11 nature extended beyond just people.”可知，伍兹的爱心不仅仅局限于人，所以除了与孩子们友好相处外，伍兹总是为他们的宠物准备好食物。故选B项。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了表达他们的感激之情，社区聚集在一起，为伍兹创造了永恒的回忆。A. wealth财富；B. honesty诚实；C. gratitude感激；D. generosity慷慨。根据前文“His acts of kindness and willingness to go the extra mile”可知，伍兹是善良的，总是帮助他人，所以此处是表达他们的感激之情。故选C项。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：邻居们聚集他们的资源制作了一块牌匾送给伍兹，上面写着：“感谢你多年来的奉献。”A. loaned借出；B. returned返回；C. distributed分发；D. pooled集中资源。根据前文“To show their 13 , the community came together to create lasting memories for Woods.”可知，社区聚集在一起表达他们的感激之情，所以应是聚集他们的资源制作了一块牌匾。故选D项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：邻居们聚集他们的资源制作了一块牌匾送给伍兹，上面写着：“感谢你多年来的奉献。”A. devotion奉献；B. guidance指导；C. ambition抱负；D. tolerance宽容。根据前文“After more than 40 years of service to the Sunset Hills Community”可知，伍兹在为日落山社区服务了40多年，所以应是感谢他多年来的奉献。故选A项。
56．has aroused 57．advanced 58．more 59．is located 60．on 61．fighting 62．heroes 63．bloodily 64．that 65．a
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是中国战争电影《长津湖之战》的背景和引起的极大反响。
56．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中国战争电影《长津湖之战》自9月30日在全国上映以来，在中国社交媒体上引发了热烈的讨论。由since可知，主句用现在完成时，主语film The Battle at Lake Changjin是单数，因此空格处是has aroused，故填has aroused。
57．考查形容词。句意：这部电影讲述了中国人民志愿军如何在严寒中坚守阵地，以及敌人如何使用更先进的武器。空格处用形容词作定语，advance的形容词是advanced，意为“先进的”，故填advanced。
58．考查比较级。句意：然而，真正的战场更令人印象深刻。far修饰比较级，impressive的比较级是more impressive，因此空格处是more，故填more。
59．考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：长津湖位于朝鲜。locate是及物动词，意为“把……建在”，长津湖是位于朝鲜，应用被动语态，主语Changjin Lake是单数，因此空格处是is located。故填is located。
60．考查形容词。句意：战争发生在一个极度寒冷的冬天，气温在零下40℃左右。根据语境可知，句子意为“战争发生在一个极度寒冷的冬天”，空格处意为“发生着的”，用on，是形容词作表语，故填on。
61．考查动名词。句意：中国人民志愿军克服重重困难赢得了这场战役。by是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，因此空格处是动名词fighting，故填fighting。
62．考查名词的复数。句意：不是电影本身，而是战争年代为国家和人民浴血奋战的英雄们，让人感动。hero是可数名词，战争中的英雄不止一个，因此用复数，即heroes。故填heroes。
63．考查副词。句意：不是电影本身，而是战争年代为国家和人民浴血奋战的英雄们，让人感动。空格处用副词bloodily修饰动词fought，bloodily意为“血腥地”，故填bloodily。
64．考查强调句。句意：不是电影本身，而是战争年代为国家和人民浴血奋战的英雄们，让人感动。去掉it is和设空处句子依然完整，故此处是强调句，结构是“it is/was+被强调的部分+who/that+其他部分”，句中被强调的是not the film itself but the____ (hero) of the war years who fought ____ (bloody) for our country and the people，既有人又有物，因此空格处用that，故填that。
65．考查冠词。句意：军事专家、电视评论员宋忠平强调，这部电影展示了中国人不挑起麻烦，但在麻烦来的时候从不退缩，并且能够战胜挑衅。expert意为“专家”，是可数名词，此处表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，military是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。
66．How to Survive in an Earthquake
Earthquakes have happened in many places recently, causing significant damage. So how to keep safe during an earthquake has become an important issue. Here are some guidelines.
Above all, don’t be nervous and try to keep calm. If you are outdoors, it’s necessary to get into an open area away from trees，buildings, walls, power lines and anything else that might fall on you. If you are indoors, quickly move to a safe place such as under a strong desk. Cover your head and neck with your arms to protect yourself from falling objects. Finally, never use the lift.
Actually we can reduce the damage that earthquakes bring us if we take right measures.
【分析】本篇书面表达是提纲类作文，要求以”How to Survive in an Earthquake”为题写一篇文章。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求以”How to Survive in an Earthquake”为题写一篇文章：近几年全球地震频发。地震会造成包括房屋倒塌、人员伤亡等在内的一系列可怕后果。因此在发生地震时如何保护自己成为了一个重要的话题。请你以”How to Survive in an Earthquake”为题写一篇文章。内容要点:1.地震来临时不要慌张。如果在室外请远离大树、高楼、高压线等物；2.如果在室内，要尽量躲在桌子等坚固家具下面，并注意保护好头部、颈部；3.逃生时不要选择乘坐电梯。时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如；significant（重大的），damage（损毁），calm（冷静的），protect（保护）， measure（措施），power lines （高压线），cover（遮盖），necessary（必要的）及reduce（减少）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。
【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有above all（首先），keep calm（保持冷静），try to do (努力做某事)，protect sb from sth（使某人免受），get into（进入）以及be away from（远离），而且还使用了状语从句“Actually we can reduce the damage that earthquakes bring us if we take right measures.”及“If you are indoors, quickly move to a safe place such as under a strong desk.”，祈使句“Above all, don’t be nervous and try to keep calm.”及“Cover your head and neck with your arms to protect yourself from falling objects.”，形式主语“it’s necessary to get into an open area away from trees，buildings, walls, power lines and anything else that might fall on you.”，非谓语动词“Earthquakes have happened in many places recently, causing significant damage.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。
67．参考范文：
Moved by the man’s determination, Lucas decided to lend a hand. He knelt down beside the man and began picking up the fish and putting them back into the ocean. Together, they worked tirelessly. Lucas felt a newfound sense of purpose with each fish he saved. As the sun began to rise higher in the sky, the puddles on the beach started to dry up, and the number of trapped fish decreased. Lucas and the man continued their work, and their hearts filled with the idea that they had made a difference, no matter how small.
Finally, Lucas couldn’t help but reflect on his own life. He realized that he had been so caught up in his own worries and concerns that he had neglected the simple act of kindness towards others. But watching what the man had done, he saw the power of one person’s actions to make a difference in the world. He thanked the man for showing him the importance of kindness and promised to carry the lesson with him. He decided to be a kind person to help others.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个暴风雨过后的清晨，一个叫卢卡斯的小男孩在海滩散步，发现一个人正在不知疲倦地捡起被困在沙滩上的鱼放回到海里，卢卡斯质疑这么多的鱼怎么能救的过来，那个人告诉卢卡斯后，让卢卡斯不禁产生了一种钦佩之情，同时又有一种负罪感，他认为自己从来没有采取过如此简单而有意义的行动，于是加入到那个人救援被困在沙滩上的鱼的行动中的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“卢卡斯被这个人的决心所感动，决定伸出援手。”可知，第一段可描写卢卡斯接下来做了些什么。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，卢卡斯忍不住反思自己的一生。”可知，第二段可描写卢卡斯在这次事件中感悟到了什么，并决定以后如何做。
2.续写线索：伸出援手——帮助被困沙滩的鱼——反思人生——哲理感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①跪下：knelt down/go down on one’s knees
②忽略：neglect/ignore
③承诺：promise/pledge
情绪类
①忧虑：worries/concerns/anxiety/trouble
【点睛】[高分句型1] Lucas and the man continued their work, and their hearts filled with the idea that they had made a difference, no matter how small. （运用了that引导的同位语从句和no matter how引导的让步状语从句中的省略）
[高分句型2] He realized that he had been so caught up in his own worries and concerns that he had neglected the simple act of kindness towards others.（运用了“so…that…”引导的结果状语从句）
[高分句型3] But watching what the man had done, he saw the power of one person’s actions to make a difference in the world.（运用了现在分词短语作状语和what引导的宾语从句）
高一下学期开学考试英语试题
一、听力选择题
1．What are the speakers mainly talking about
A．The whales. B．The weather. C．A voyage.
2．How does the man feel about the coming game
A．Nervous. B．Confident. C．Careless.
3．What does the man think of the exam
A．Quite easy. B．Just so-so. C．Very difficult.
4．What does the woman ask the man to do
A．Pick up some papers.
B．Tell her the order of papers.
C．Place the papers where they were.
5．Where is the man probably now
A．At the airport. B．On the subway. C．At home.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6．How old is the woman’s grandfather
A．79. B．78. C．80.
7．What did the woman’s grandfather do last winter
A．He went in the hospital. B．He went on a cycling holiday.
C．He attended a skiing contest.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8．What did the man do last weekend
A．He watched TV. B．He stayed at home. C．He visited a friend.
9．What will the woman probably do this weekend
A．Play tennis. B．Do some shopping. C．Go to a dance party.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
10．What does the man think of the woman's idea at first
A．He doubts it. B．He agrees with it. C．He strongly opposes it.
11．Why does the woman want to plant things
A．To work outside more.
B．To be like the neighbors.
C．To make the house more beautiful.
12．What flowers does the woman want
A．Pink ones. B．Purple ones. C．Yellow ones.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
13．What is the woman doing
A．Hosting a program. B．Reporting news. C．Having a treatment.
14．How many standards of a healthy lifestyle are mentioned
A．4. B．5. C．6.
15．What does the man say about smoking
A．It’s hard to quit smoking.
B．It’s okay to smoke a little.
C．Smoking is not healthy at all.
16．What is the man’s last suggestion
A．Exercising regularly. B．Drinking less. C．Getting enough sleep.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
17．Where is the talk given
A．At a birthday party. B．At a routine meeting. C．At an opening of a club.
18．Why does the speaker give Joan Miller a special welcome
A．To wish her a happy birthday.
B．To thank her for her coming.
C．To invite her to join the club.
19．What can the participants do after lunch
A．Chat with each other.
B．Clean the meeting room.
C．Have a birthday party.
20．What can be one of the club’s aims
A．Expanding members. B．Donating food. C．Offering companionship.
二、阅读理解
Activities for the St. Patrick’s Day
Celtic Journey with the Nashville Symphony (交响乐)
Enrico Lopez-Ya ez, the Principal Pops Conductor of the Nashville Symphony, leads the Nashville Symphony joining the Scott-Ellis School of Irish Dance for a night of Irish music and dancing. Put on your best green dress and get ready for a night of entertainment you’ll never forget.
615-687-4040
All ages. Schermerhorn Symphony Center, One Symphony Place, Nashville. $38~$126.
St. Patrick’s Day Hands-on Cooking Class
Learn the techniques for silky braised meat such as Lamb Stew & Corned Beef, as well as Irish classics Colcannon & Rarebit. Participate in karaoke and enjoy St. Patrick’s Day-inspired snacks.
615-942-7169
Adults. Green Door Gourmet, 7007 River Road Pike, Nashville. $55.
Annual St. Patrick’s Music City Long-distance Running
Runners will start on Victory Avenue, onto South First Street, continue into Shelby Park, turn left to Greenway, 1oop (环绕) around Sevier Lake, then exit Sevier Lake, and go onto Shelby Bottoms till the finish point. For 10K runners, turn around to complete a second loop of the above course.
615-898-1862
Ages 18-50. Nissan Stadium, One Titans Way, Nashville. $60 for the 5K and $80 for the 10K.
Note: For group participants (at least 3 people), there is a 10% discount for the registration.
Lucky Leprechaun Hunt
Bounce on inflatable mats(充气垫)and search for gold coins for prizes. Here we can give kids their best birthday party. It’s the perfect place for great, bouncy fun with huge bounce houses and plenty of games - there is even a special birthday throne!
615-893-8386
Ages 3-6. Bounce U Murfreesboro, 1222 Park Ave., Murfreesboro. $11.95.
21．What can visitors do at the Schermerhorn Symphony Center
A．Learn how to conduct bands from Enrico. B．Acquire some cooking techniques.
C．Enjoy a feast of music and dancing. D．Dance with the performers on stage.
22．How much should they pay if an adult man and his parents take part in the 5K
A．$162. B．$180. C．$200. D．$216.
23．Where can a mom go to get information about birthday celebrations for her son
A．Schermerhorn Symphony Center. B．Green Door Gourmet.
C．Nissan Stadium. D．Bounce U Murfreesboro.
During his life Dr James Naismith worked as a doctor, taught P.E and wrote several books. While he never thought it very important, Dr Naismith is today best known for one thing. He was the inventor of basketball.
Dr James Naismith was born in Canada in 1861 and his first job was at a special sports school in the USA．One day the school principal told James he was having a problem with the students. Because of heavy snow, the students could not go outside. He told James that they needed a sport the boys could play indoors and gave the teacher two weeks to think of something.
It was on the very last day that James came up with his idea. The “birth of basketball” is said to be on December 21, 1891, when two teams from the school played the first game. It was quite different from the basketball games of today. It had 9 players on each team and footballs were used instead of basketballs. Soon after, the game changed to 5 players on each side, using special “basketballs” through nets.
Although Dr Naismith did not live to see basketball become the worldwide game it is today, in 1936, just three years before his death, basketball became an Olympic sport at the Games in Berlin.
24．Which of the following things did Dr James Naismith NOT do
A．Teach P.E in school. B．Write some books.
C．Work at a hospital. D．Take part in the Olympic Games.
25．In which season did Dr Naismith invent basketball
A．Summer. B．Winter. C．Spring. D．Autumn.
26．Why is December 21 thought to be the birthday of basketball
A．It was on this day that Dr Naismith came up with his idea for basketball.
B．It was the day on which Dr Naismith was born.
C．It was the day on which Dr Naismith was asked by his boss to invent a new game.
D．It was on this day that the first game of basketball was played.
27．At the time of Dr Naismith’s death, which of the following was true
A．Basketball was already a worldwide game.
B．Basketball was played with 9 players on each side.
C．Basketball was an Olympic sport.
D．Basketball was still played using footballs.
All of us face a variety of risks to our health in our daily life. Driving cars and being exposed to environmental pollutants all pose certain degrees of risk. Some risks would restrict our ability to lead a good life. And some are risks we might decide to avoid if we had the opportunity to make informed choices. Indoor air pollution is one risk that you can do something about.
Scientific evidence has indicated that the air within homes can be more seriously polluted than the outdoor air in even the most industrialized cities. Other research indicates that people spend approximately 90 percent of their time indoors. Thus, for many people, the risks to health may be greater due to exposure to air pollution indoors than outdoors.
In addition, people exposed to indoor air pollutants for the longest periods of time are often those most susceptible to the effects of indoor air pollution. Such groups include kids, the elderly and the chronically ill, especially those suffering from respiratory disease.
While pollutant levels from individual sources may not pose a significant health risk by themselves, most homes have more than one source that contributes to indoor air pollution. There can be a serious risk from the cumulative effects of these sources. Fortunately, there are steps that most people can take both to reduce the risk from existing sources and to prevent new problems from occurring. This brochure was prepared by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) to help you decide whether to take action that can reduce the level of indoor air pollution in your own home.
Because so many Americans spend a lot of time in offices with mechanical heating and cooling systems, there is also a short section on the causes of poor air quality in offices and what you can do if you suspect that your office may have a problem.
28．Who will be exposed to indoor air pollution more often according to the text
A．A driver. B．A housewife. C．A farmer. D．A cyclist.
29．What does the underlined word “susceptible” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Sensitive. B．Essential. C．Accustomed. D．Familiar.
30．What can the brochure of EPA and CPSC help people do
A．Lead a healthier and richer life. B．Throw individual things away.
C．Get rid of the risk of air pollution. D．Reduce the risk of indoor air pollution.
31．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text
A．To show Americans’ unhealthy lifestyle.
B．To stress the negative influence of pollution.
C．To tell people to reduce the time spent at home.
D．To remind people to take note of indoor air pollution.
Christmas can easily become an expensive time of a year. From gifts to decorating, the money spent on the celebration adds up quickly. But there’s no reason to completely break the bank. 32 Make a budget. Set the amount you’re willing to spend for the holiday, including gift giving, decorating and travel. 33 And if you can keep to your budget, you’ll lead an easy life in the following weeks and months.
34 Stores have sales for decorations between Halloween and Thanksgiving. And it’s after Thanksgiving that the prices begin to go up. Better yet, go shopping for next year’s decorations the day after Christmas. You can buy many things at very low prices right after Christmas.
Shop for gifts all year round. Whenever you are out shopping, keep an eye out for great Christmas presents. 35 Shopping early can prevent you from spending more money than you can afford. And if you spend little here and there throughout the year, Christmas will have a much smaller influence on your wallet in December.
Scale down your gift giving. Sometimes you just can’t afford to get something for everyone. Remove the people from your list whom you rarely speak with. 36 The people you do choose to buy for don’t need something expensive. Keep in mind that it’s the thought that is more important.
A．Send them simple cards instead.
B．This budget is perfect for many people.
C．Once you have a budget set, keep to it.
D．Start shopping for Christmas decorations early.
E．Christmas is known as the season of giving, sharing and receiving.
F．There are ways to celebrate well and spend wisely at the same time.
G．It doesn’t matter when you get the gift, whether it’s January or June.
All of us face a variety of risks to our health in our daily life. Driving cars and being exposed to environmental pollutants all pose certain degrees of risk. Some risks would restrict our ability to lead a good life. And some are risks we might decide to avoid if we had the opportunity to make informed choices. Indoor air pollution is one risk that you can do something about.
Scientific evidence has indicated that the air within homes can be more seriously polluted than the outdoor air in even the most industrialized cities. Other research indicates that people spend approximately 90 percent of their time indoors. Thus, for many people, the risks to health may be greater due to exposure to air pollution indoors than outdoors.
In addition, people exposed to indoor air pollutants for the longest periods of time are often those most susceptible to the effects of indoor air pollution. Such groups include kids, the elderly and the chronically ill, especially those suffering from respiratory disease.
While pollutant levels from individual sources may not pose a significant health risk by themselves, most homes have more than one source that contributes to indoor air pollution. There can be a serious risk from the cumulative effects of these sources. Fortunately, there are steps that most people can take both to reduce the risk from existing sources and to prevent new problems from occurring. This brochure was prepared by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) to help you decide whether to take action that can reduce the level of indoor air pollution in your own home.
Because so many Americans spend a lot of time in offices with mechanical heating and cooling systems, there is also a short section on the causes of poor air quality in offices and what you can do if you suspect that your office may have a problem.
37．Who will be exposed to indoor air pollution more often according to the text
A．A driver. B．A housewife. C．A farmer. D．A cyclist.
38．What does the underlined word “susceptible” in paragraph 3 mean
A．Sensitive. B．Essential. C．Accustomed. D．Familiar.
39．What can the brochure of EPA and CPSC help people do
A．Lead a healthier and richer life. B．Throw individual things away.
C．Get rid of the risk of air pollution. D．Reduce the risk of indoor air pollution.
40．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text
A．To show Americans’ unhealthy lifestyle.
B．To stress the negative influence of pollution.
C．To tell people to reduce the time spent at home.
D．To remind people to take note of indoor air pollution.
三、完形填空
After more than 40 years of service to the Sunset Hills Community, Ricky Woods, a beloved bus driver, said goodbye to his role.
Two days before his 41 , Woods was greeted with a 42 as he arrived at his usual working spot. The streets were lined with signs bearing warm messages and a celebratory cake 43 him. Deeply touched, Woods expressed, “It was unexpected and very emotional. My heart is 44 .”
Woods’ impact on the community was 45 . His acts of kindness and willingness to go the extra mile made him an 46 part of Sunset Hills.
One neighbor 47 recalled an instance where Woods 48 in an emergency. “One day, my grandfather had a heart attack. It was Ricky who took immediate action and 49 to take my grandfather to hospital. My grandfather received timely 50 and recovered,” the neighbor shared.
Woods’ 51 nature extended beyond just people. Besides kindly interacting with kids, Woods always had a treat on hand for their 52 .
To show their 53 , the community came together to create lasting memories for Woods. Neighbors 54 their resources to make a plaque (牌匾) gifted to Woods, which reads, “In appreciation of your many years of 55 .”
41．A．travel B．mission C．retirement D．graduation
42．A．surprise B．wedding C．chance D．routine
43．A．waited for B．fell off C．changed into D．came from
44．A．functional B．freezing C．full D．broken
45．A．temporary B．avoidable C．slight D．significant
46．A．impossible B．irreplaceable C．insensitive D．uncontrollable
47．A．jokingly B．regretfully C．hesitantly D．fondly
48．A．apologized B．helped C．talked D．trained
49．A．managed B．declined C．wished D．pretended
50．A．education B．information C．treatment D．advice
51．A．modest B．creative C．adventurous D．caring
52．A．signs B．pets C．neighbors D．teachers
53．A．wealth B．honesty C．gratitude D．generosity
54．A．loaned B．returned C．distributed D．pooled
55．A．devotion B．guidance C．ambition D．tolerance
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese war film The Battle at Lake Changjin 56 (arouse) enthusiastic discussion on Chinese social media since it debuted around the country on September 30.
The film tells the story about how Chinese People's Volunteer soldiers held their ground during fierce cold and the enemy's more 57 (advance) weapons. However, the real battlefield is far 58 impressive. Changjin Lake 59 (locate) in North Korea. The war was 60 in severely cold winter with temperature of around -40℃. CPV soldiers did not only need to fight against enemies, but had to battle over the nature with their strong will. Chinese People's Volunteer Army won the battle by 61 (fight) against impossible odds. The Battle of Changjin Lake became a critical moment in the war. It is not the film itself but the 62 (hero) of the war years who fought 63 (bloody) for our country and the people 64 make people moved
Song Zhongping, 65 military expert and TV commentator, emphasized that the film shows that the Chinese people don't provoke troubles, but never flinch(退缩) when troubles come their way and are able to defeat provocations.(挑衅)
五、书信写作
66．近几年全球地震频发。地震会造成包括房屋倒塌、人员伤亡等在内的一系列可怕后果。因此在发生地震时如何保护自己成为了一个重要的话题。请你以”How to Survive in an Earthquake”为题写一篇文章。
内容要点:1.地震来临时不要慌张。如果在室外请远离大树、高楼、高压线等物。
2.如果在室内，要尽量躲在桌子等坚固家具下面，并注意保护好头部、颈部。
3.逃生时不要选择乘坐电梯。
注意:1.词数100左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
How to Survive in an Earthquake
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六、书面表达
67．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
One morning after a storm, a boy named Lucas took a walk along the beach. He noticed many small fish were trapped in the puddles (小水坑) on the sand, unable to return to the sea. Without help, these fish would surely die. As Lucas continued walking, he spotted a man near the puddles. The man was tirelessly bending down, picking up the fish and gently throwing them back into the ocean. Lucas watched in puzzlement as the man saved the lives of the helpless fish.
Then Lucas couldn’t resist approaching the man and said, “There are hundreds, even thousands of fish in these puddles. You can’t save them all.” “I know,” the man replied without looking back, “but this fish cares.” As he spoke, he picked up another fish and returned it to the sea. He added, “This one cares, and this one, and this one…”
As Lucas stood there, watching the man save the fish, he couldn’t help but feel a sense of admiration mixed with a lot of guilt. Here was a man, who was making a difference in the lives of these creatures, while Lucas had never taken such simple yet meaningful actions.
Minutes later, Lucas had another talk with the man. He learned that the man usually came to the beach before going to work to help the stuck fish. The man explained that he had witnessed the result of a storm a few years back, in which countless fish died on the shore. Since then, he had made it his mission to do whatever he could to prevent such a tragedy from happening again.
Lucas was still puzzled by what the man was doing, so he asked the man, “Does it make sense for you to do that Even if you could save these fish, could you make any great impact ” The man smiled and said, “I know my own efforts are insignificant, but if I don’t even try a little bit, I will feel guilty inside.”
注意：
1. 续写词数应为150个左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Moved by the man’s determination, Lucas decided to lend a hand.
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Finally, Lucas couldn’t help but reflect on his own life.
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《湖南省常德市安乡县2024-2025学年高一下学期开学考试英语试题》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 C B C C C A C C A A
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 C A A B C C C A A C
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 C A D D B D C B A D
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 D F C D G A B A D D
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 C A A C D B D B A C
题号 51 52 53 54 55
答案 D B C D A
1．C
【原文】此题为听力题，解析略。
2．B
【原文】W: we are days away from our biggest game of the year, are you nervous
M: Not at all. I think we will win. All of us are busy practicing basketball skill now.
3．C
【原文】W: I think I can get an A in this exam. It’s not so difficult as far as I’m concerned.
M: How I envy you, Lisa! This exam is a real killer for me. I’ll be satisfied if I can get a pass mark.
4．C
【原文】W: Don’t get those papers out of order, whatever you do.
M: Uh, oh. You should have told me that sooner.
W: You’d better put them back on the desk, then!
5．C
【原文】W: Hello, this is Police Station. How can I help you
M: Hello, I’m calling to report a lost wallet, I think I left it on the subway when I came back from the airport. I just realized that when I began to unpack my luggage.
6．A 7．C
【分析】W: My grandfather hasn’t been too well lately.
M: Oh dear. I’m sorry to hear that.
W: He’s 79. Don’t you think he should slow down a bit at his age
M: Absolutely.
W: But he won’t listen to me. He says he wants to enjoy his life to the full.
M: Fair enough.
W: Last summer he went on a two-week cycling holiday in France. Last winter he attended a skiing contest.
M: You are kidding. I can’t believe it.
W: We’re going to give him a big party for his 80th birthday.
M: That’s great.
W: But before that, I’m going to have a word with him and tell him to take things more easy.
M: Good for you.
6．此题为听力题，解析略。
7．此题为听力题，解析略。
8．C 9．A
【分析】W: What did you do last weekend, Bob Stayed at home again
M: No, I visited a friend. Then I went to a dance party.
W: Did you enjoy the dance
M: No, I didn’t. There were too many people. And what about you, Ann
W: I watched TV on Saturday morning and went shopping in the afternoon. ⑦I played tennis on Sunday.
M: Ah, did you win
W: Yes, I did.
M: Great. Can I have a game with you sometime this weekend
W: Sure.
8．此题为听力题，解析略。
9．此题为听力题，解析略。
10．A 11．C 12．A
【原文】
13．A 14．B 15．C 16．C
【原文】W: Hello, ladies and gentlemen! Today, we’ve invited Dr. Green from General Hospital to talk about the importance of a healthy lifestyle. Welcome to our show, Dr. Green!
M: Hello, everyone. I’m Steven Green. As it turns out, healthy habits make a big difference. So I want to share my opinions with you.
W: Well, can you tell us the standards of a healthy lifestyle
M: Yes. They are diet, physical activity level, body weight, smoking and alcohol intake.
W: Really Smoking is one of the standards
M: Yes. There is no health y amount of smoking. “Healthy” here means never smoking. And this is the most basic standard of a healthy lifestyle.
W: Can you give us some suggestions on keeping a healthy lifestyle
M: Sure. Eat healthily and regularly. Exercise for at least 30 minutes a day. Quit smoking. And drink moderately. I’d like to add that enough sleep is good for staying active. Stick with these things, and you’ll make a difference.
W: Thanks a million, Dr. Green.
17．C 18．A 19．A 20．C
【原文】
W: Ladies and gentlemen, it is my great pleasure to present the first meeting of the Woodville Lunch for Senior Citizens. We all hope that this will be a great success and that there will be more to come. I’m extremely pleased that so many of you are able to be here today and I give a warm welcome to you all. I would like to say a particularly warm welcome to Joan Miller, who is ninety-four years old today. I’m sure that you will all join me in wishing Joan a very happy birthday.
The aim of the club is, of course, not only to provide food, but also to provide companionship. It is extremely important that people of all ages eat nutritious food, and I can tell you now that it is delicious! I have already tasted it. I’m sure that many of you would like to stay on after the lunch things have been cleared away so that you can have a chat. Today, we’re not in a hurry so that you can get to know each other. Indeed, I hope you will enjoy yourselves and this is the main point of this club. Have fun!
21．C 22．A 23．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍圣帕特里克节的一些活动。
21．细节理解题。由Celtic Journey with the Nashville Symphony (交响乐)中“Enrico Lopez-Ya ez, the Principal Pops Conductor of the Nashville Symphony, leads the Nashville Symphony joining the Scott-Ellis School of Irish Dance for a night of Irish music and dancing. Put on your best green dress and get ready for a night of entertainment you’ll never forget.(纳什维尔交响乐团首席流行音乐指挥Enrico Lopez Ya ez带领纳什维尔交响曲加入Scott Ellis爱尔兰舞蹈学院，享受爱尔兰音乐和舞蹈之夜。穿上你最好的绿色连衣裙，为一个你永远不会忘记的娱乐之夜做好准备。)”可知，在 Schermerhorn Symphony Center可以享受爱尔兰音乐和舞蹈。故选C项。
22．细节理解题。由Annual St. Patrick’s Music City Long-distance Running中“Ages 18-50. Nissan Stadium, One Titans Way, Nashville. $60 for the 5K and $80 for the 10K. Note: For group participants (at least 3 people), there is a 10% discount for the registration.(18-50岁。 Nissan体育场，一条泰坦之路，纳什维尔5公里60美元，10公里80美元。注：对于团体参与者（至少3人），注册可享受10%的折扣。)”可知，一个成年男子和他的父母参加5公里赛跑需要支付3*60*90%=162。故选A项。
23．细节理解题。由Lucky Leprechaun Hunt中“Bounce on inflatable mats(充气垫)and search for gold coins for prizes. Here we can give kids their best birthday party. It’s the perfect place for great, bouncy fun with huge bounce houses and plenty of games - there is even a special birthday throne!(在充气垫上蹦蹦跳跳，寻找金币作为奖品。在这里，我们可以为孩子们举办他们最好的生日派对。这是一个非常棒的地方，有巨大的弹跳屋和大量的游戏，甚至还有一个特别的生日王座！)”可知，母亲可以带孩子在Bounce U Murfreesboro庆祝生日。故选D项。
24．D 25．B 26．D 27．C
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Dr James Naismith发明篮球的过程，并且篮球最终成为世界性运动并被纳入奥林匹克比赛项目。
24．细节理解题。根据第一段“During his life Dr James Naismith worked as a doctor, taught P.E and wrote several books.”（在他的一生中，Dr James Naismith当过医生，教过体育，并写了几本书。）可知，Dr James Naismith在医院工作过，在学校交过体育，写过书，但没有提及参加奥运会。故选D项。
25．推理判断题。根据第二段“Because of heavy snow, the students could not go outside. He told James that they needed a sport the boys could play indoors and gave the teacher two weeks to think of something.”（因为大雪，学生们不能出去。他告诉James，他们需要一种孩子们可以在室内玩的运动，并给老师两周时间想想。）可推知，当时下大雪，可推断是冬天。故选B项。
26．细节理解题。根据第三段“The “birth of basketball” is said to be on December 21, 1891, when two teams from the school played the first game.”（据说“篮球的诞生”是在1891年12月21日，学校的两支球队进行了第一场比赛。）可知，12月21日被称为篮球的诞生日是因为那天举行了第一场篮球赛。故选D项。
27．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Although Dr Naismith did not live to see basketball become the worldwide game it is today, in 1936, just three years before his death, basketball became an Olympic sport at the Games in Berlin.”（尽管Dr Naismith 没能活着看到篮球成为今天这样的世界性运动，但在1936年，也就是他去世的前三年，篮球成为了柏林奥运会的一项比赛项目。）可知，在他去世之前，篮球已经成为奥运会比赛项目。故选C项。
【点睛】
28．B 29．A 30．D 31．D
【分析】本文是说明文。科学家们发现室内空气污染有很大危害，因此我们要更加关注室内空气污染。
28．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Scientific evidence has indicated that the air within homes can be more seriously polluted than the outdoor air in even the most industrialized cities.(科学证据表明，即使在工业化程度最高的城市，室内空气污染也可能比室外空气污染更严重)”可知，一个家庭主妇会更经常地暴露在室内空气污染中。故选B。
29．词句猜测题。根据画线部分后一句“Such groups include kids, the elderly and the chronically ill, especially those suffering from respiratory disease.”可知，那些暴露在被污染的室内空气中的人包括了小孩、老人和患有慢性病的人，而这些人都是对室内空气污染很敏感的人。故画线词意思是“敏感的”。A. Sensitive.敏感的；B. Essential.必不可少的；C. Accustomed.习惯的；D. Familiar.熟悉的。故选A。
30．细节理解题。根据第四段中“This brochure was prepared by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) to help you decide whether to take action that can reduce the level of indoor air pollution in your own home.(这本小册子是由美国环境保护署(EPA)和美国消费品安全委员会(CPSC)编写的，帮助您决定是否采取行动，以减少您家中的室内空气污染水平)”可知，由EPA和CPSC制定的资料手册中的内容可以帮助人们减少室内空气污染。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Driving cars and being exposed to environmental pollutants all pose certain degrees of risk. Some risks would restrict our ability to lead a good life. And some are risks we might decide to avoid if we had the opportunity to make informed choices. Indoor air pollution is one risk that you can do something about.(开车和暴露在环境污染物中都有一定程度的风险。有些风险会限制我们过上美好生活的能力。如果我们有机会做出明智的选择，有些风险我们可能会决定避免。室内空气污染是你可以采取措施的风险之一)”结合文章分析了室内空气污染的危害，以提醒人们注意室内空气污染。可推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是提醒人们注意室内空气污染。故选D。
32．F 33．C 34．D 35．G 36．A
【分析】这是一篇说明文。主要就圣诞节的时候怎样减少花销提出了一些建议。
32．根据上文“But there’s no reason to completely break the bank.(但没有理由让你倾家荡产)”以及下文提出了圣诞节的时候怎样减少花销提出了一些建议，可知，这有一些方法既可以帮你节省钱同时也能让你好好庆祝圣诞节。故F选项“有一些方法既可以庆祝又可以明智地消费”符合语境，故选F。
33．根据后文“And if you can keep to your budget, you’ll lead an easy life in the following weeks and months.(如果你能遵守你的预算，你会在接下来的几周或几个月里过着轻松的生活)”可知，后文提到了遵守预算，故本句是在说明制定预算的情况。故C选项“可知，我们一旦制定了预算，就要遵守我们的预算”符合语境，故选C。
34．根据后文“Stores have sales for decorations between Halloween and Thanksgiving. And it’s after Thanksgiving that the prices begin to go up. Better yet, go shopping for next year’s decorations the day after Christmas. You can buy many things at very low prices right after Christmas.(商店在万圣节和感恩节之间进行装饰品销售。感恩节过后，价格开始上涨。更好的是，在圣诞节后的第二天去采购明年的装饰品。圣诞节过后，你可以以很低的价格买到很多东西)”可知，本段主要是关于圣诞节采购的建议。故D选项“尽早开始采购圣诞装饰”符合语境，故选D。
35．根据上文“Shop for gifts all year round. Whenever you are out shopping, keep an eye out for great Christmas presents.(一年到头买礼物。无论你什么时候出去购物，都要留心那些很棒的圣诞礼物)”可知，上文提到了买礼物什么时候都可以，故G选项“不管是一月还是六月，你什么时候买礼物都没关系”符合语境，故选G。
36．根据上文“Remove the people from your list whom you rarely speak with.(把那些你很少联系的人从你的名单上删除)”可知，本句承接上文说明如何给那些很少联系的人送礼物。故A选项“给他们寄些简单的卡片吧”符合语境，故选A。
37．B 38．A 39．D 40．D
【分析】本文是说明文。科学家们发现室内空气污染有很大危害，因此我们要更加关注室内空气污染。
37．推理判断题。根据第二段中“Scientific evidence has indicated that the air within homes can be more seriously polluted than the outdoor air in even the most industrialized cities.(科学证据表明，即使在工业化程度最高的城市，室内空气污染也可能比室外空气污染更严重)”可知，一个家庭主妇会更经常地暴露在室内空气污染中。故选B。
38．词句猜测题。根据画线部分后一句“Such groups include kids, the elderly and the chronically ill, especially those suffering from respiratory disease.”可知，那些暴露在被污染的室内空气中的人包括了小孩、老人和患有慢性病的人，而这些人都是对室内空气污染很敏感的人。故画线词意思是“敏感的”。A. Sensitive.敏感的；B. Essential.必不可少的；C. Accustomed.习惯的；D. Familiar.熟悉的。故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据第四段中“This brochure was prepared by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the U. S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) to help you decide whether to take action that can reduce the level of indoor air pollution in your own home.(这本小册子是由美国环境保护署(EPA)和美国消费品安全委员会(CPSC)编写的，帮助您决定是否采取行动，以减少您家中的室内空气污染水平)”可知，由EPA和CPSC制定的资料手册中的内容可以帮助人们减少室内空气污染。故选D。
40．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Driving cars and being exposed to environmental pollutants all pose certain degrees of risk. Some risks would restrict our ability to lead a good life. And some are risks we might decide to avoid if we had the opportunity to make informed choices. Indoor air pollution is one risk that you can do something about.(开车和暴露在环境污染物中都有一定程度的风险。有些风险会限制我们过上美好生活的能力。如果我们有机会做出明智的选择，有些风险我们可能会决定避免。室内空气污染是你可以采取措施的风险之一)”结合文章分析了室内空气污染的危害，以提醒人们注意室内空气污染。可推知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是提醒人们注意室内空气污染。故选D。
41．C 42．A 43．A 44．C 45．D 46．B 47．D 48．B 49．A 50．C 51．D 52．B 53．C 54．D 55．A
【导语】本文是记叙文。介绍了一位深受社区爱戴的公交车司机 Ricky Woods 退休前的故事，详细描述了他在社区中的影响和他与社区居民之间的温馨互动。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在伍兹退休的前两天，当他来到他平时工作的地方时，受到了一个惊喜。A. travel旅行；B. mission任务；C. retirement退休；D. graduation毕业。根据前文“After more than 40 years of service to the Sunset Hills Community, Ricky Woods, a beloved bus driver, said goodbye to his role.”可知，瑞奇·伍兹，一位受人爱戴的巴士司机，告别了他的角色，也就是退休了。故选C项。
42．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在伍兹退休的前两天，当他来到他平时工作的地方时，受到了一个惊喜。A. surprise惊喜；B. wedding婚礼；C. chance机会；D. routine日常。根据后文“Deeply touched, Woods expressed, “It was unexpected and very emotional. My heart is 4 .””可知，伍兹没有料到，所以是受到了一个惊喜。故选A项。
43．考查动词短语辨析。句意：街道两旁都是写着温暖信息的标语，还有一个庆祝蛋糕等着他。A. waited for等待；B. fell off跌落；C. changed into变成；D. came from来自。根据前文“The streets were lined with signs bearing warm messages”可知，是社区的人在为伍兹的退休庆祝，所以是有一个庆祝蛋糕等着他。故选A项。
44．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伍兹深受感动，他说：“这是出乎意料的，非常感人。我的心很充实”。A. functional功能性的；B. freezing极冷的；C. full满的；D. broken损坏的。根据前文“Deeply touched”可知，伍兹深受感动，所以他的心很充实。故选C项。
45．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伍兹对社区的影响是巨大的。A. temporary临时的；B. avoidable可避免的；C. slight轻微的；D. significant有重大意义的。根据后文“His acts of kindness and willingness to go the extra mile made him an 6 part of Sunset Hills.”可知，他的善举和愿意付出额外的努力影响着社区，所以是影响巨大的。故选D项。
46．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的善良和愿意付出额外的努力使他成为日落山不可替代的一部分。A. impossible不可能的；B. irreplaceable无可替代的；C. insensitive不敏感的；D. uncontrollable无法控制的。根据前文“Woods’ impact on the community was 5 .”可知，伍兹对社区的影响是巨大的，所以是不可替代的一部分。故选B项。
47．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一位邻居深情地回忆起伍兹在紧急情况下提供帮助的一个例子。A. jokingly开玩笑地；B. regretfully遗憾地；C. hesitantly犹豫地；D. fondly深情地。根据后文“One day, my grandfather had a heart attack. It was Ricky who took immediate action and 9 to take my grandfather to hospital.”可知，伍兹救了他爷爷，应该是非常感激的，所以是深情地回忆。故选D项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一位邻居深情地回忆起伍兹在紧急情况下提供帮助的一个例子。A. apologized道歉；B. helped帮助；C. talked谈话；D. trained训练。根据后文“One day, my grandfather had a heart attack. It was Ricky who took immediate action and 9 to take my grandfather to hospital.”可知，伍兹及时采取行动送完医院救了他爷爷，所以是提供帮助。故选B项。
49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：是里奇立即采取行动，设法把我祖父送到了医院。A. managed管理，设法；B. declined下降，拒绝；C. wished希望；D. pretended假装。根据前文“One day, my grandfather had a heart attack”以及后文“take my grandfather to hospital”可知，他的爷爷心脏病犯了，所以应是设法把祖父送到了医院。故选A项。
50．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我的祖父得到了及时的治疗，康复了”，邻居分享道。A. education教育；B. information信息；C. treatment治疗；D. advice建议。根据前文“One day, my grandfather had a heart attack. It was Ricky who took immediate action and 9 to take my grandfather to hospital.”可知，爷爷被送往医院，应是得到了及时的治疗。故选C项。
51．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：伍兹的爱心不仅仅局限于人。A. modest谦虚的；B. creative有创造力的；C. adventurous爱冒险的；D. caring关心他人的。根据前文“His acts of kindness and willingness to go the extra mile”可知，伍兹是善良的，也就是关心人的。故选D项。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了与孩子们友好相处外，伍兹总是为他们的宠物准备好食物。A. signs标志；B. pets宠物；C. neighbors邻居；D. teachers老师。根据前文“Woods’ 11 nature extended beyond just people.”可知，伍兹的爱心不仅仅局限于人，所以除了与孩子们友好相处外，伍兹总是为他们的宠物准备好食物。故选B项。
53．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了表达他们的感激之情，社区聚集在一起，为伍兹创造了永恒的回忆。A. wealth财富；B. honesty诚实；C. gratitude感激；D. generosity慷慨。根据前文“His acts of kindness and willingness to go the extra mile”可知，伍兹是善良的，总是帮助他人，所以此处是表达他们的感激之情。故选C项。
54．考查动词词义辨析。句意：邻居们聚集他们的资源制作了一块牌匾送给伍兹，上面写着：“感谢你多年来的奉献。”A. loaned借出；B. returned返回；C. distributed分发；D. pooled集中资源。根据前文“To show their 13 , the community came together to create lasting memories for Woods.”可知，社区聚集在一起表达他们的感激之情，所以应是聚集他们的资源制作了一块牌匾。故选D项。
55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：邻居们聚集他们的资源制作了一块牌匾送给伍兹，上面写着：“感谢你多年来的奉献。”A. devotion奉献；B. guidance指导；C. ambition抱负；D. tolerance宽容。根据前文“After more than 40 years of service to the Sunset Hills Community”可知，伍兹在为日落山社区服务了40多年，所以应是感谢他多年来的奉献。故选A项。
56．has aroused 57．advanced 58．more 59．is located 60．on 61．fighting 62．heroes 63．bloodily 64．that 65．a
【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是中国战争电影《长津湖之战》的背景和引起的极大反响。
56．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：中国战争电影《长津湖之战》自9月30日在全国上映以来，在中国社交媒体上引发了热烈的讨论。由since可知，主句用现在完成时，主语film The Battle at Lake Changjin是单数，因此空格处是has aroused，故填has aroused。
57．考查形容词。句意：这部电影讲述了中国人民志愿军如何在严寒中坚守阵地，以及敌人如何使用更先进的武器。空格处用形容词作定语，advance的形容词是advanced，意为“先进的”，故填advanced。
58．考查比较级。句意：然而，真正的战场更令人印象深刻。far修饰比较级，impressive的比较级是more impressive，因此空格处是more，故填more。
59．考查被动语态和主谓一致。句意：长津湖位于朝鲜。locate是及物动词，意为“把……建在”，长津湖是位于朝鲜，应用被动语态，主语Changjin Lake是单数，因此空格处是is located。故填is located。
60．考查形容词。句意：战争发生在一个极度寒冷的冬天，气温在零下40℃左右。根据语境可知，句子意为“战争发生在一个极度寒冷的冬天”，空格处意为“发生着的”，用on，是形容词作表语，故填on。
61．考查动名词。句意：中国人民志愿军克服重重困难赢得了这场战役。by是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，因此空格处是动名词fighting，故填fighting。
62．考查名词的复数。句意：不是电影本身，而是战争年代为国家和人民浴血奋战的英雄们，让人感动。hero是可数名词，战争中的英雄不止一个，因此用复数，即heroes。故填heroes。
63．考查副词。句意：不是电影本身，而是战争年代为国家和人民浴血奋战的英雄们，让人感动。空格处用副词bloodily修饰动词fought，bloodily意为“血腥地”，故填bloodily。
64．考查强调句。句意：不是电影本身，而是战争年代为国家和人民浴血奋战的英雄们，让人感动。去掉it is和设空处句子依然完整，故此处是强调句，结构是“it is/was+被强调的部分+who/that+其他部分”，句中被强调的是not the film itself but the____ (hero) of the war years who fought ____ (bloody) for our country and the people，既有人又有物，因此空格处用that，故填that。
65．考查冠词。句意：军事专家、电视评论员宋忠平强调，这部电影展示了中国人不挑起麻烦，但在麻烦来的时候从不退缩，并且能够战胜挑衅。expert意为“专家”，是可数名词，此处表泛指，前面需加不定冠词，military是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。
66．How to Survive in an Earthquake
Earthquakes have happened in many places recently, causing significant damage. So how to keep safe during an earthquake has become an important issue. Here are some guidelines.
Above all, don’t be nervous and try to keep calm. If you are outdoors, it’s necessary to get into an open area away from trees，buildings, walls, power lines and anything else that might fall on you. If you are indoors, quickly move to a safe place such as under a strong desk. Cover your head and neck with your arms to protect yourself from falling objects. Finally, never use the lift.
Actually we can reduce the damage that earthquakes bring us if we take right measures.
【分析】本篇书面表达是提纲类作文，要求以”How to Survive in an Earthquake”为题写一篇文章。
【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求以”How to Survive in an Earthquake”为题写一篇文章：近几年全球地震频发。地震会造成包括房屋倒塌、人员伤亡等在内的一系列可怕后果。因此在发生地震时如何保护自己成为了一个重要的话题。请你以”How to Survive in an Earthquake”为题写一篇文章。内容要点:1.地震来临时不要慌张。如果在室外请远离大树、高楼、高压线等物；2.如果在室内，要尽量躲在桌子等坚固家具下面，并注意保护好头部、颈部；3.逃生时不要选择乘坐电梯。时态应为一般现在时。
第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如；significant（重大的），damage（损毁），calm（冷静的），protect（保护）， measure（措施），power lines （高压线），cover（遮盖），necessary（必要的）及reduce（减少）等。
第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。
【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有above all（首先），keep calm（保持冷静），try to do (努力做某事)，protect sb from sth（使某人免受），get into（进入）以及be away from（远离），而且还使用了状语从句“Actually we can reduce the damage that earthquakes bring us if we take right measures.”及“If you are indoors, quickly move to a safe place such as under a strong desk.”，祈使句“Above all, don’t be nervous and try to keep calm.”及“Cover your head and neck with your arms to protect yourself from falling objects.”，形式主语“it’s necessary to get into an open area away from trees，buildings, walls, power lines and anything else that might fall on you.”，非谓语动词“Earthquakes have happened in many places recently, causing significant damage.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。
67．参考范文：
Moved by the man’s determination, Lucas decided to lend a hand. He knelt down beside the man and began picking up the fish and putting them back into the ocean. Together, they worked tirelessly. Lucas felt a newfound sense of purpose with each fish he saved. As the sun began to rise higher in the sky, the puddles on the beach started to dry up, and the number of trapped fish decreased. Lucas and the man continued their work, and their hearts filled with the idea that they had made a difference, no matter how small.
Finally, Lucas couldn’t help but reflect on his own life. He realized that he had been so caught up in his own worries and concerns that he had neglected the simple act of kindness towards others. But watching what the man had done, he saw the power of one person’s actions to make a difference in the world. He thanked the man for showing him the importance of kindness and promised to carry the lesson with him. He decided to be a kind person to help others.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了一个暴风雨过后的清晨，一个叫卢卡斯的小男孩在海滩散步，发现一个人正在不知疲倦地捡起被困在沙滩上的鱼放回到海里，卢卡斯质疑这么多的鱼怎么能救的过来，那个人告诉卢卡斯后，让卢卡斯不禁产生了一种钦佩之情，同时又有一种负罪感，他认为自己从来没有采取过如此简单而有意义的行动，于是加入到那个人救援被困在沙滩上的鱼的行动中的故事。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“卢卡斯被这个人的决心所感动，决定伸出援手。”可知，第一段可描写卢卡斯接下来做了些什么。
②由第二段首句内容“最后，卢卡斯忍不住反思自己的一生。”可知，第二段可描写卢卡斯在这次事件中感悟到了什么，并决定以后如何做。
2.续写线索：伸出援手——帮助被困沙滩的鱼——反思人生——哲理感悟
3.词汇激活
行为类
①跪下：knelt down/go down on one’s knees
②忽略：neglect/ignore
③承诺：promise/pledge
情绪类
①忧虑：worries/concerns/anxiety/trouble
【点睛】[高分句型1] Lucas and the man continued their work, and their hearts filled with the idea that they had made a difference, no matter how small. （运用了that引导的同位语从句和no matter how引导的让步状语从句中的省略）
[高分句型2] He realized that he had been so caught up in his own worries and concerns that he had neglected the simple act of kindness towards others.（运用了“so…that…”引导的结果状语从句）
[高分句型3] But watching what the man had done, he saw the power of one person’s actions to make a difference in the world.（运用了现在分词短语作状语和what引导的宾语从句）
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