参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 C C B D C B D B C A
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 D D B D A F E G A C
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 D C D C A B C C A B
题号 31 32 33 34 35
答案 D D B A C
1．C 2．C 3．B
【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了三种在秋天亲近大自然的方式。
1．细节理解题。根据文章Get Closer to Nature部分的“Research shows that spending time in a natural setting has many benefits — it can help reduce anxiety and stress, improve concentration and attention, and even lead to better sleep. (研究表明，在自然环境中度过时间有很多好处——它可以帮助减少焦虑和压力，提高注意力和专注力，甚至有助于改善睡眠。)”可知，接近大自然可以提高人们的健康水平，包括改善注意力和专注力，即可以提高身体素质。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据文章 Try bird-watching部分的“The highly-recommended Merlin Bird ID app is a free bird guide with photos, bird sounds, and maps that can help you identify the bird species you hear or see. (强烈推荐的Merlin Bird ID应用程序是一个免费的鸟类指南，包含照片、鸟的声音和地图，可以帮助您识别您听到或看到的鸟类。)”可知，推荐使用鸟类相关的应用程序来观鸟。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Autumn is a special time to enjoy the outdoors, when the weather is cool and refreshing for experiencing the sights and sounds of nature. Research shows that spending time in a natural setting has many benefits — it can help reduce anxiety and stress, improve concentration and attention, and even lead to better sleep. (秋天是享受户外活动的特殊时刻，此时天气凉爽宜人，适合体验大自然的景色和声音。研究表明，在自然环境中度过时间有很多好处——它可以帮助减少焦虑和压力，提高注意力和专注力，甚至有助于改善睡眠。)”以及接下来提到的几种接近大自然的方式，可知本文主要讲述的是秋季在自然环境中度过时间的好处和一些相关建议，这些内容更符合健康杂志的风格。因此，选项B“A health magazine.(一本健康杂志)”是本文可能的来源。故选B。
4．D 5．C 6．B 7．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了在 2020 年新冠疫情高峰期，Alex Wcislo 和朋友向天蚕树射泥球时，一球意外击中树干留下伤口。次日Alex和身为昆虫学家的父亲发现伤口竟完全修复。出于好奇，Alex等人加入史密森热带研究所（STRI）的志愿者项目，通过实验发现，在22个钻孔案例中有 14 个，阿兹特克蚂蚁会迅速聚集到受损区域，利用树干材料在两半小时内大幅缩小洞口，多数情况下24小时内完全封住洞口。该研究成果于2021年12月30 日发表，但蚂蚁为何未修复所有洞口仍是未解之谜，他们希望未来能探索其选择性行为的原因。
4．推理判断题。根据第二段“The event began during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic in mid-2020.To pass time during that time, Alex Wcislo and his friends decided to shoot clay balls at trees. They targeted the flat, broad leaves of the slender Cecropia trees to make the task more challenging. Things were going well until one of the 9 mm clay balls accidentally hit one of the tree trunks, leaving a clean exit and entry wound.( 该活动始于2020年年中COVID-19大流行最严重的时期。在那段时间里，为了打发时间，Alex Wcislo和他的朋友们决定向树发射粘土球。他们的目标是细长的天蚕树的平坦、宽阔的叶子，以使这项任务更具挑战性。一切都很顺利，直到一颗9毫米的泥弹意外击中了一棵树干，留下了一个干净的进出伤口。)”可推知，作者写第二段的主要目的是介绍新发现的背景。故选D项。
5．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“The young scientists found that in 14 of the 22 cases, a crowd of Azteca alfari ants instantly gathered in the damaged area. The hardworking insects instantly got to work and, using material from the stems, significantly reduced the size of the hole within two and a half hours.( 年轻的科学家们发现，在22个案例中，有14个案例中，一群阿兹特克蚂蚁立即聚集在受损区域。勤劳的昆虫立即开始工作，利用茎上的材料，在两个半小时内显著缩小了洞的大小。)”可知，这个发现是关于蚂蚁修复受损树木的能力。故选C项。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段中“After setting up the experiment parameters (实验参数) with William, the teens got to work. They drilled holes in the Cecropia trees in the neighbourhood and then carefully documented what followed.( 和William一起设置好实验参数后，孩子们开始工作了。他们在附近的天蚕树上钻了洞，然后仔细记录了随后发生的事情。)”可知，这些年轻的科学家通过设置实验参数，在附近的树上钻孔并记录后续情况，即通过做实验得出发现。故选B项。
7．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“Alex and his team, who published their findings in the Journal of Hymenoptera Research on December 30, 2021, still have one mystery to solve. They are not sure why the insects did not repair all the holes. Understanding this selective behavior is something they hope to explore in the future.( Alex和他的团队于2021年12月30日在《膜翅目研究杂志》上发表了他们的研究结果，但仍有一个谜团有待解决。他们不确定为什么昆虫没有修复所有的洞。了解这种选择性行为是他们希望在未来探索的东西。)”可知，文章主要讲的是Alex因为好奇树干伤口为何被修复，进而参与研究并发现蚂蚁修复树木的能力，这体现了好奇心能带来意想不到的结果。故选D项。
8．B 9．C 10．A 11．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一项新研究发现，圣莫尼卡山脉的美洲狮通过调整活动模式来适应环境，尤其是那些生活在人类活动频繁区域的美洲狮变得更加夜行性，以减少与人类的接触，同时研究还指出了雌性美洲狮和雄性美洲狮活动模式的差异，并强调了人类应采取措施与美洲狮共存。
8．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“This is different from those living far away from people, who still hunt and play at sunrise and sunset like they used to.(这与那些远离人类的(美洲狮)不同，它们仍然像过去一样在日出和日落时狩猎和玩耍)”可知，偏远地区的美洲狮活动模式是传统的，故选B项。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Female mountain lions showed more activity during daylight hours to stay away from male lions that might threaten their babies.(雌性美洲狮在白天更加活跃，以避开可能威胁其幼崽的雄性美洲狮)”可知，雌性美洲狮在白天更活跃是为了避免与雄性美洲狮相遇，故选C项。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第四段“They suggest people should be more careful while driving at night and be aware that dawn and dusk remain active periods for mountain lion movement.(他们建议人们在夜间开车时应该更加小心，并意识到黎明和黄昏仍然是美洲狮活动的活跃时期)”可知，研究人员建议我们了解美洲狮的活跃期，故选A项。
11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“This flexibility we see in mountain lion activity is what allows us to share these natural areas together. Mountain lions are doing the work so that coexistence can happen(我们看到的美洲狮活动的这种灵活性，使得我们能够共同分享这些自然区域。美洲狮正在努力做到这一点，从而实现人类与它们的共存)”可知，美洲狮活动的灵活性，使得我们能够共同分享这些自然区域，可推理出Bolas对美洲狮的夜行性持钦佩态度，故选D项。
12．D 13．B 14．D 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是微塑料的定义、来源及其对人类健康的潜在威胁，特别是纳米塑料在瓶装水中的惊人发现及未来研究方向。
12．词句猜测题。根据首段中的“In fact, previous research suggests that the average person takes in a credit card-worth of microscopic plastic particles every week.(事实上，先前的研究表明，平均每人每周会摄入相当于一张信用卡重量的微小塑料颗粒。)”可知，以前的研究表明每人每周摄入相当于一张信用卡重量的微塑料颗粒，结合下文“But new research shows that this could actually be an understatement.(但新的研究表明，这可能实际上是一种低估。)”可知，新研究表明这可能实际上是一种低估，由此可判断，其中的this指的是每人每周所摄入的微塑料颗粒的量。故选D项。
13．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Thanks to a technique called Raman microscopy, the team were able to measure an average of 240,000 particles of plastic in each liter of bottled water, 90 percent of which were nanoplastics.(得益于一种名为拉曼显微镜的技术，研究团队能够在每升瓶装水中测量到平均240,000个塑料颗粒，其中90%为纳米塑料。)”可知，研究人员利用了一种叫做拉曼显微镜的技术（Raman microscopy）来测量瓶装水中存在的纳米塑料。故选B项。
14．细节理解题。根据尾段中的“The team hope to expand their research into tap water and other water sources to better inform our exposure to these potentially harmful particles.(该研究团队希望扩展他们的研究，涵盖自来水和其他水源，以便更好地了解我们对这些潜在有害颗粒的暴露情况。)”可知，研究团队希望研究包括自来水和其他水源中有害颗粒的情况。故选D项。
15．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Thanks to a technique called Raman microscopy, the team were able to measure an average of 240,000 particles of plastic in each liter of bottled water, 90 percent of which were nanoplastics. This is 10 to 100 times larger than previous estimates. (得益于一种名为拉曼显微镜的技术，研究团队能够在每升瓶装水中测量到平均240,000个塑料颗粒，其中90%为纳米塑料。这比之前的估计高出10到100倍。)”和尾段中的“These plastics likely originate from the bottle material, filters used to “purify” the water, and the source water itself. “It is not totally unexpected to find so much of this stuff,” the study’s lead author, Columbia graduate student Naixin Qian, said in a statement. (这些塑料可能来自瓶子材料，用于“净化”水的过滤器，以及水源本身。该研究的主要作者、哥伦比亚大学研究生Naixin Qian在一份声明中说：“发现这么多这种东西并不完全出乎意料。”)”可知，使用拉曼显微镜的技术发现瓶装水中的微颗粒是以前估计的10到100倍，而研究者认为，发现这么多的微颗粒并不完全出乎意料，由此可推断，瓶装水的问题可能比先前认为的更为严重。故选A项。
16．F 17．E 18．G 19．A 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是拥抱树木对人类身心健康的各种益处，包括减轻压力、改善心情、提升能量及对抗抑郁等积极影响。
16．根据空前的“We know that spending time in nature reduces stress and improves our mood. We also know that the act of hugging ourselves or another living thing can improve our well-being. (我们知道，花时间在大自然中可以减轻压力并改善我们的心情。我们同样知道拥抱自己或另一个生物的行为能够改善我们的福祉)”可知，此处描述的是花时间在大自然中和身体接触对个人都有正面影响，结合空后的“That’s exactly what hugging a tree does! Read on to learn more about the benefits of hugging a tree! (这就是拥抱树木的作用！继续阅读以了解更多关于拥抱树木的好处！)”可知，上下文都在强调在自然中度过时间以及与自然实体进行身体接触所带来的益处，此空应为讲述结合两者好处的内容，F选项“Combining the two can create even greater effects. (结合这两种行为能产生更强大的效果)”讲述的是将接触自然和身体接触相结合可以创造更大的效应，其中的the two指的是上文中所提到的“spending time in nature”和“the act of hugging ourselves or another living thing”。故选F项。
17．根据本段的主题句“Take a Fresh Breath(呼吸新鲜空气)”可知，本段讲述的是拥抱树木能呼吸到新鲜空气，结合空后的“So, when you are close to a tree and hug it in a forest, you are naturally in a more oxygen-rich environment. (因此，当你靠近森林中的树木并拥抱它时，你自然处于一个更加富氧的环境中)”可知，此空应为说明树木如何影响周围环境的氧气含量，因为该句解释了为何靠近树木能够改善呼吸质量，E选项“It is well known that trees produce oxygen. (众所周知，树木产生氧气)”讲述的是树木是氧气的生产者，与本段的主题吻合，且与空后的内容为因果关系，符合逻辑。故选E项。
18．根据空前的“One study found that when we experience nature — whether by hiking in nearby mountains or simply looking at trees and birds on the way to work— we can increase our heart rate variability. (一项研究发现，当我们体验自然时——无论是徒步附近的山脉还是仅仅是在上班路上看树和鸟——我们都可以增加心率变异性)”可知，此处描述的是接触自然对心率变异性的影响，结合空后的“This can lower the risks of many heart-related diseases. (这可以降低许多心脏疾病的风险)”可知，此空应为解释心率变异性增加所带来的健康益处，G选项“This can lower the risks of many heart-related diseases. (这可以降低许多心脏疾病的风险)”讲述的是心率变异性增加对心脏健康的积极影响，符合语境。故选G项。
19．分析语篇可知，此处为本段的主题句，结合其它段落的主题句为祈使句可知，此空也应为祈使句，根据空后的“Trees are one of nature’s greatest stress-reducers. It works by connecting you to the environment and allowing you to feel grounded in both space and time. When you hug a tree, you receive grounding energy through its roots. This has proven effective for people who have high levels of anxiety or fear, or those who suffer from nervousness and worry. (树木是自然界最大的减压器之一。它的工作原理是将你与环境联系起来，让你在空间和时间上都有脚踏实地的感觉。当你拥抱一棵树时，你通过它的根部接收接地能量。事实证明，这对那些高度焦虑或恐惧的人，或者那些紧张和担心的人是有效的。)”可知，此空应为解释拥抱树木如何帮助人们减压，A选项“Reduce stress. (减少压力)”为祈使句，且讲述的是树木作为减压工具的作用，概括了本段的主题，符合语境。故选A项。
20．根据空前的“If you don’t have a tree in your yard, go visit the local park or the botanic gardens or hike in the closest woodlands. Find a tree that speaks to you or is impressive in its appearance. Go give it a hug. (如果你的院子里没有树，去拜访当地的公园或植物园，或者徒步到最近的林地。找到一棵对你说话或外观令人印象深刻的树。去给它一个拥抱)”可知，此处描述的是鼓励读者即使在家里没有树木也可以寻找机会去拥抱树木，结合空后的“So what if passers-by laugh at you The hug you give is not just to the tree but to yourself and your spirit. (所以如果路人嘲笑你呢？你给予的拥抱不仅是给树的，也是给自己的精神的)”可知，此空应为鼓励读者不要在意他人的眼光，勇敢地拥抱树木，因为这里提到了面对可能的社会尴尬应该采取的态度，C选项“Get over your fear of embarrassment. (克服尴尬恐惧)”讲述的是鼓励读者克服可能的社交尴尬，符合语境。故选C项。
21．D 22．C 23．D 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．C 28．C 29．A 30．B 31．D 32．D 33．B 34．A 35．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了作者收养宠物鸽Ernie和Bert，后来小鸽子Murray破壳而出，作者很幸运能见证这一切。
21．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每天都悉心照顾它们——总是确保它们有足够的食物和水，能够接触到阳光和阴凉处，甚至有一次我还吓跑了一只好奇的老鹰。A. solution解决办法；B. addiction上瘾；C. commitment承诺；D. access(使用或见到的)机会。根据后文“to both sun and shade”可知，作者确保鸽子能够接触到阳光和阴凉处。have access to意为“能够到达或进入某个地方；具有使用某物或接触某人的权利或机会”。故选D项。
22．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. laid铺设；B. pulled拉；C. scare使害怕；D. took拿。根据后文“off a curious eagle”可知，作者吓跑了一只好奇的老鹰。故选C项。
23．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“养宠物鸽是学会放手的一堂课，”父亲安慰我说。A. make sacrifice做出牺牲；B. get ready准备好；C. come along来吧；D. let go放手。根据前文“Why did they manage to take flight ”以及“Keeping pet pigeons was a lesson in learning to”可知，作者的宠物鸽飞走了，父亲说，养宠物鸽是要学会放手。故选D项。
24．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我有了Ernie和Bert一年后，我才真正明白了这一点。A. Thus因此；B. Furthermore而且；C. However然而；D. Besides此外。根据前文““Keeping pet pigeons was a lesson in learning to 3 ,” my father comforted me.”和后文“this really began to sink in after I’d had Ernie and Bert for a year”可知，作者在有了Ernie和Bert一年后，才真正明白了养宠物鸽就是学会放手。故选C项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我在宠物搜寻网站上找到它们的那一刻，我对它们产生了好感，并立即决定收养它们。A. affection喜爱，感情；B. emotion情感；C. gratitude感谢；D. sorrow悲伤。根据后文“immediately determined to adopt them”可知，作者对Ernie和Bert产生了好感，并立即决定收养它们。故选A项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我像以前一样照料它们。A. accepted接受；B. tended照料；C. overlooked忽略；D. trained训练。根据语境和后文“them as before”可知，作者像以前一样照料Ernie和Bert。故选B项。
27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我想靠近它，但Ernie和Bert总是在巢上盯着我，直到我离开。A. address演讲；B. occupy占用；C. approach接近；D. swallow吞。根据前文“A few weeks later, I screamed when I spotted one small egg on the bottom of the cage.”和后文“either Ernie or Bert was always on the nest, glaring at me until I 8 the pigeons”可知，作者想靠近鸽子蛋。故选C项。
28．考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A. put away收起；B. got through通过；C. left alone独自留下；D. stood by袖手旁观。根据前文“Though I wanted to 7 it, either Ernie or Bert was always on the nest, glaring at me until I”和后文“the pigeons”可知，作者想靠近鸽子，但Ernie和Bert总是在巢上盯着作者，直到他离开（让它们独自留下）。故选C项。
29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：两周后，小鸽子Murray破壳而出。A. shell外壳；B. cage笼子；C. fence围栏；D. dilemma困境。根据前文“the baby pigeon Murray broke out of the”可知，小鸽子Murray破壳而出。故选A项。
30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Murray似乎对所有的新空间感到兴奋，跳来跳去，吃鸟食，拍打翅膀，练习跳跃。A. upset心烦意乱的；B. thrilled激动的；C. panicked惊慌失措的；D. calm冷静的。根据后文“with all the new space, hopping around, eating bird seed, flapping his wings and taking little practice jumps”可知，Murray似乎对所有的新空间感到兴奋，跳来跳去，吃鸟食，拍打翅膀，练习跳跃。故选B项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到有一天它独自飞了起来！A. leapt跳跃；B. charged指控；C. marched前进；D. flew飞。根据常识和后文“up all by himself”可知，Murray这只小鸽子独自飞了起来。故选D项。
32．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那一刻，我为这一成就感到非常自豪。A. attraction吸引力；B. trick技巧；C. ambition野心；D. accomplishment成就。根据前文“Until one day he 11 up all by himself!”可知，Murray会飞了，这是作者的成就。故选D项。
33．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你给你爱的人他们需要的空间时，这样非凡的事情就会自然而然地发生。A. unforgettable难忘的；B. remarkable非凡的；C. enjoyable愉快的；D. respectable可敬的。根据第五段中“Murray seemed 10 with all the new space, hopping around, eating bird seed, flapping his wings and taking little practice jumps. Until one day he 11 up all by himself!”可知，作者认为，Murray会飞了是一件非凡的事情。故选B项。
34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我既没有有意饲养鸽子，也没有帮助Murray学习飞行。A. assist帮助；B. press按；C. encourage鼓励；D. command命令。根据前文Murray 自己会飞了和后文“Murray to learn to fly”可知，作者没有帮助Murray学习飞行。故选A项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这一切就这么发生了，我很幸运地见证了这一切。A. sponsor赞助；B. motivate激励；C. witness见证；D. cover覆盖。根据语境，从作者收养鸽子Ernie和Bert到小鸽子Murray会飞，并结合前文“It all just happened, and I was lucky to”可知，作者很幸运地见证了这一切的发生。故选C项。
36．known 37．were planted 38．making 39．completely 40．a 41．challenging 42．which 43．measures 44．and 45．to prevent
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国西北部新疆维吾尔自治区地方当局表示，被称为“死亡之海”的塔克拉玛干沙漠已被一条长达3046公里的沙障绿化带完全包围。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国西北部新疆维吾尔自治区地方当局表示，被称为“死亡之海”的塔克拉玛干沙漠已被一条长达3046公里的沙障绿化带完全包围。短语be known as表示“被称为”，过去分词作定语。故填known。
37．考查时态语态。句意：周四上午，在沙漠南缘玉田县的沙地上种植了几种植物，标志着绿化带最后一段的完成。主语several plant species与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文On Thursday morning可知为一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were planted。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意：塔克拉玛干沙漠面积33.76万平方公里，是中国最大的沙漠，也是世界第二大漂流沙漠。此处make与上文句子构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填making。
39．考查副词。句意：用绿化带把沙漠完全围起来花了40多年的时间。修饰动词enclose用副词completely，故填completely。
40．考查冠词。句意：到2023年底，一条2761公里长的绿化带连接了不同的绿洲，只剩下最后一个最具挑战性的部分。belt为泛指，且2,761是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
41．考查形容词。句意：到2023年底，一条2761公里长的绿化带连接了不同的绿洲，只剩下最后一个最具挑战性的部分。修饰名词section用形容词challenging。故填challenging。
42．考查定语从句。句意：最后一段大约285公里长，穿过沙漠的南部，面临最严重的风沙问题。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The final part，在从句作主语，指物。故填which。
43．考查名词的数。句意：今年以来，新疆采取了有针对性、科学的措施，努力缩小这一差距。前文没有冠词说明数量大于一应用复数形式。故填measures。
44．考查连词。句意：“将生物和工程固沙与太阳能农场相结合，我们将继续扩大绿化带，防止沙源扩散，”地区林业和草原管理局荒漠化防治主任王说。短语combine…and…表示“把……和……结合”。故填and。
45．考查非谓语动词。句意：“将生物和工程固沙与太阳能农场相结合，我们将继续扩大绿化带，防止沙源扩散，”地区林业和草原管理局荒漠化防治主任王说。此处prevent在句中作目的状语，用不定式。故填to prevent。
46．Dear schoolmates,
Nowadays, an increasing number of wild animals are close to extinction. I am writing to appeal to everyone to make their own contribution to the protection of wild animals.
The key reason for wild animal extinction is that we humans hunt too much and destroy animal habitats. Then there is the damage caused by warming. In order to save the world’s wild animals, we should do our part to publicize the need to not destroy the habitats of wild animals and to not kill rare animals.
Here, I sincerely advocate that we all love animals and protect the environment.
Yours,
Li Hua
【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给校英文报写一封倡议信，呼吁大家保护动物，爱护环境。
【详解】1.词汇积累
呼吁：appeal to→call on
破坏：destroy→damage
为了：in order to→so as to
真诚地：sincerely→heartfeltly
2.句式拓展
合并句子
原句：Nowadays, an increasing number of wild animals are close to extinction. I am writing to appeal to everyone to make their own contribution to the protection of wild animals.
拓展句：Since an increasing number of wild animals are close to extinction, I am writing to appeal to everyone to make their own contribution to the protection of wild animals.
【点睛】[高分句型1] The key reason for wild animal extinction is that we humans hunt too much and destroy animal habitats. (运用了that引导表语从句)
[高分句型2] In order to save the world’s wild animals, we should do our part to publicize the need to not destroy the habitats of wild animals and to not kill rare animals. (运用了不定式作目的状语)
47．Ally headed out for the woods where she and Dad used to go. Overhead the sky was filled with birds busily diving to gather dried grass to place in their nests. She was searching in the woods when a ringing birdsong floated down to her. A flash of orange dashed down and rested on a nearby branch. For a moment Ally couldn’t believe her eyes, but it was true. The tiny wood warbler just sat there, looking around as if it were waiting for something. Ally blinked back tears, “Thanks, Dad,” she whispered slowly lifting her camera and taking careful aim.
Ally carefully placed the new photo she had taken into her photo album. It was a picture of the very same wood warbler that they had been searching for all these years. Her heart swelled with a mix of sadness and happiness. It was a beautiful creature, just as her father had described. She smiled, feeling a sense of peace wash over her. She knew her father would be proud of her. As she closed the album, she whispered, “Thank you, Dad, for teaching me to see the beauty in the world.”
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。Ally的爸爸去世了，但是她常回忆起和爸爸一起的美好时光。他们一直在寻找一种叫林莺的小鸟，但是还没有找到。今年，Ally独自来到和爸爸过去常去的树林。Ally终于发现了他们想找的林莺并拍下了照片。Ally把照片放进了相册，感到骄傲和快乐。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“Ally朝她和爸爸过去常去的树林走去。”可知，第一段可描写Ally去树林里发现了他们想找的林莺。
②由第二段首句内容“Ally小心地把她拍的新照片放进她的相册里。”可知，第二段可描写Ally看着照片时的感受。
2.续写线索：来到树林——发现林莺——拍照——看照片——感受
3.词汇激活
行为类
①放置：place/put
②举起：lift/raise
③俯冲：dive/nose down
情绪类
①为……感到自豪：be proud of/take pride in
②快乐：happiness/pleasure
【点睛】[高分句型1]. She was searching in the woods when a ringing birdsong floated down to her.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句）
[高分句型2] It was a picture of the very same wood warbler that they had been searching for all these years.（运用了关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句）Unit 1 Nature in the Balance单元测试
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答第Ⅰ卷时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答第Ⅱ卷时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力（共30分，略）
第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Get Closer to Nature
Autumn is a special time to enjoy the outdoors, when the weather is cool and refreshing for experiencing the sights and sounds of nature. Research shows that spending time in a natural setting has many benefits — it can help reduce anxiety and stress, improve concentration and attention, and even lead to better sleep. Here are some ways to get started.
Go for a walk, bike, or hike
The easiest way to get closer to nature is to simply step outside. Gather family or friends and go for a walk or bike ride in your neighborhood or a local park. Besides getting exercise, you’ll be stimulating (刺激) your senses, from seeing a variety of colors in autumn leaves to feeling a gentle wind blow through the trees.
Try bird-watching
November is a great time of year for bird-watching. It’s when many bird species take flight on their migratory (迁徙的) journeys to warm destinations to the south. You can visit a bird reserve in your area or learn more about the birds in your neighborhood. The highly-recommended Merlin Bird ID app is a free bird guide with photos, bird sounds, and maps that can help you identify the bird species you hear or see.
Plant a fall garden
Fall is a good time to plant because it’s less hot for plants but the soil is still warm. In parts of the US where the weather is milder, you may be able to plant leafy crops like spinach, broccoli, and kale through December. You can also bring nature inside by having plants in your home.
1．Why is it good to get closer to nature
A．People can plant leafy crops. B．People can build new friendship.
C．People can improve their fitness. D．People can learn much about climate.
2．Which way is recommended for bird-watching
A．Referring to maps. B．Turning to a bird guide.
C．Using an app for birds. D．Taking photos of birds.
3．Where is this text probably taken from
A．A course plan. B．A health magazine.
C．A travel brochure. D．A museum guidebook.
B
Ants are known to undergo extreme measures to save their own. Past studies have shown the industrious insects carrying wounded partners back to the nest to heal and even exploding and sacrificing themselves to save their regions from predators (捕食者). Now, a team of young researchers in Panama has an amazing discovery.
The event began during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic in mid-2020.To pass time during that time, Alex Wcislo and his friends decided to shoot clay balls at trees. They targeted the flat, broad leaves of the slender Cecropia trees to make the task more challenging. Things were going well until one of the 9 mm clay balls accidentally hit one of the tree trunks, leaving a clean exit and entry wound.
Concerned that he had caused permanent damage, Alex returned to examine the tree the following morning. He was accompanied by his father, William Wcislo, an entomologist at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI). To their surprise, the hole had been completely repaired!
Curious to find out what was going on, Alex and his friends joined the STRI’s volunteer program. After setting up the experiment parameters (实验参数) with William, the teens got to work. They drilled holes in the Cecropia trees in the neighbourhood and then carefully documented what followed.
The young scientists found that in 14 of the 22 cases, a crowd of Azteca alfari ants instantly gathered in the damaged area. The hardworking insects instantly got to work and, using material from the stems, significantly reduced the size of the hole within two and a half hours. In most cases, the gap was completely sealed within 24 hours.
Alex and his team, who published their findings in the Journal of Hymenoptera Research on December 30, 2021, still have one mystery to solve. They are not sure why the insects did not repair all the holes. Understanding this selective behavior is something they hope to explore in the future.
4．What is the author’s main purpose of writing paragraph 2
A．To show the special skills ants possess.
B．To prove how creative the young researchers are.
C．To explain how hard life was during that time.
D．To introduce the background of the new discovery.
5．What is the discovery about
A．The trouble the pandemic has caused.
B．The way parents educate their children.
C．The ability ants repair the damaged trees.
D．The forms of entertainment in daily life.
6．How did the young scientists get their finding
A．By comparing different studies.
B．By conducting an experiement.
C．By consulting other scientists.
D．By analyzing previous data.
7．What can we learn from Alex’s story
A．A good beginning is half done.
B．Usually a fall into a pit, a gain in your wit.
C．Care and hard work bring luck.
D．Curiosity can lead to an unexpected outcome.
C
Mountain lions in the Santa Monica Mountains are showing remarkable adaptability by adjusting their activity patterns, according to a new study.
The study, led by University of California Davis researcher Ellie Bolas, tracked 22 mountain lions in the region. The findings show that mountain lions living in areas with higher human presence are becoming more nocturnal(夜行性) to minimize interactions with humans. This is different from those living far away from people, who still hunt and play at sunrise and sunset like they used to. This behavioral adaptation allows these large wild animals to successfully coexist in one of the world’s largest urban(城市) areas.
The study identified interesting differences in activity patterns. Female mountain lions showed more activity during daylight hours to stay away from male lions that might threaten their babies. The most nocturnal behavior was observed in two male lions living in areas with high human activity and development.
These behavioral changes demonstrate the cats’ natural tendency to avoid human contact rather than become habituated to people. Seth Riley, branch chief for wildlife at Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area, notes that these adaptations reflect subtle(微妙的) ways humans impact wildlife beyond direct threats like the vehicle hitting them. The research team recommends that humans also adapt their own behavior to support coexistence. They suggest people should be more careful while driving at night and be aware that dawn and dusk remain active periods for mountain lion movement.
“This flexibility we see in mountain lion activity is what allows us to share these natural areas together. Mountain lions are doing the work so that coexistence can happen,” explains Bolas. The study highlights the need for continued human effort in conservation. As Bolas notes, “Coexistence is happening, and it’s in large part because of what mountain lions are doing.”
8．Which best describes the activity patterns of mountain lions in remote locations
A．Nocturnal. B．Traditional. C．Changeable. D．Controllable.
9．Why are female mountain lions more active during the daytime
A．To hunt more effectively for babies. B．To enjoy competing with others.
C．To avoid encounters with male lions. D．To deal with urban development.
10．What do the researchers advise us to do for mountain lions
A．Get to know their active periods. B．Try to drive in the daytime carefully.
C．Reduce human activity in urban areas. D．Relocate them to the undeveloped areas.
11．What is Bolas’ attitude to mountain lions’ being nocturnal
A．Worried. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. D．Admiring.
D
Microplastics refer to any plastics that are smaller than 5 millimeters (0.2 inches) long. They can be found in industrial waste and various beauty products and can also be formed during the degradation (降解) of larger pieces of plastic waste. In fact, previous research suggests that the average person takes in a credit card-worth of microscopic plastic particles (颗粒) every week. But new research shows that this could actually be an understatement.
Over time, these microplastics can break down even further into so-called nanoplastics (纳米塑料). They are so tiny that they can pass through our body directly into our bloodstreams and travel through our bodies into our important organs, including our hearts and brains. Many of these nanoplastics are washed into the ocean, which contains somewhere between 50,000 and 75,000 billion pieces of plastic, according to researches by UNESCO’s Ocean Literacy Portal. And eventually, these plastics end up in our food and waterways.
While the idea of eating plastic is unsettling in itself, the major concern here is that these plastic particles contain chemicals that can disturb our body’s natural release of hormones, potentially increasing our risk of reproductive disorders and certain cancers. They can also carry heavy metals on their surface.
In the past, researchers have shown bottled water can contain tens of thousands of identifiable plastic pieces in a single container. However, until recently, only the larger microplastics were detectable with available measuring tools. The field of the nanoplastics was largely a mystery. Thanks to a technique called Raman microscopy, the team were able to measure an average of 240,000 particles of plastic in each liter of bottled water, 90 percent of which were nanoplastics. This is 10 to 100 times larger than previous estimates.
These plastics likely originate from the bottle material, filters used to “purify” the water, and the source water itself. “It is not totally unexpected to find so much of this stuff,” the study’s lead author, Columbia graduate student Naixin Qian, said in a statement. “The idea is that the smaller things get, the more of them there are.” The team hope to expand their research into tap water and other water sources to better inform our exposure to these potentially harmful particles.
12．What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 1 refer to
A．The formation of microplastics. B．The size of the particles.
C．The process of the degradation. D．The amount of absorption.
13．How did researchers detect the nanoplastics in bottled water
A．By using a simple glass. B．By employing a special technique.
C．By observing the boiling water. D．By asking the consumers.
14．What might be the future plan of the team
A．To remove plastic from the ocean. B．To stop people from using bottled water.
C．To find a new material to replace plastic. D．To study plastic particles in other water sources.
15．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs
A．Bottled water is much worse than thought. B．Microplastics in bottled water can be removed.
C．The nanoplastics can be measured easily. D．The research on tap water has been finished.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
Hug a Tree
We know that spending time in nature reduces stress and improves our mood. We also know that the act of hugging ourselves or another living thing can improve our well-being. 16 That’s exactly what hugging a tree does! Read on to learn more about the benefits of hugging a tree!
Take a Fresh Breath
17 So, when you are close to a tree and hug it in a forest, you are naturally in a more oxygen-rich environment. You are also more likely to be breathing in fewer pollutants, especially if the forest or woods are away from a main road or air line.
Improve Heart Health
One study found that when we experience nature — whether by hiking in nearby mountains or simply looking at trees and birds on the way to work — we can increase our heart rate variability. 18
Fight Against Depression
Trees’ positive effects on our mental health have been well documented. Researchers are even calling trees nature’s Prozac. They note that feeling grounded or connected to nature can reduce anxiety and depression. When you hug a tree, you become grounded to its powerful roots, receiving energy that can help to fight seasonal affective disorder or depression year-round.
19
Trees are one of nature’s greatest stress-reducers. It works by connecting you to the environment and allowing you to feel grounded in both space and time. When you hug a tree, you receive grounding energy through its roots. This has proven effective for people who have high levels of anxiety or fear, or those who suffer from nervousness and worry.
If you don’t have a tree in your yard, go visit the local park or the botanic gardens or hike in the closest woodlands. Find a tree that speaks to you or is impressive in its appearance. Go give it a hug. 20 So what if passers-by laugh at you The hug you give is not just to the tree but to yourself and your spirit.
A．Reduce stress.
B．Receive more energy.
C．Get over your fear of embarrassment.
D．Both methods require little effort or time.
E．It is well known that trees produce oxygen.
F．Combining the two can create even greater effects.
G．This can lower the risks of many heart-related diseases.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
One day, when I was cleaning the enclosure for my pet pigeons, they took the opportunity to fly away. I took intensive care of them every day - always making sure they were provided with enough food and water, had 21 to both sun and shade, and even once I 22 off a curious eagle. “Why did they manage to take flight ” I wondered.
“Keeping pet pigeons was a lesson in learning to 23 ,” my father comforted me. 24 , this really began to sink in after I’d had Ernie and Bert for a year.
Yes, they were my new pet pigeons. The instant I found them on Pet Finder, I felt 25 for them and immediately determined to adopt them.
I 26 them as before. A few weeks later, I screamed when I spotted one small egg on the bottom of the cage. Though I wanted to 27 it, either Ernie or Bert was always on the nest, glaring at me until I 28 the pigeons.
A fortnight later, the baby pigeon Murray broke out of the 29 . Father said, “This is a pretty small space for three pigeons.” Thinking twice, I moved the trio to the outdoor loft. Murray seemed 30 with all the new space, hopping around, eating bird seed, flapping his wings and taking little practice jumps. Until one day he 31 up all by himself! At that moment, I felt so proud of this 32 .
When you give the ones you love the room they need, such 33 things can happen all on their own. I neither intentionally bred (饲养) the pigeons nor did anything to 34 Murray to learn to fly. It all just happened, and I was lucky to 35 it.
21．A．solution B．addiction C．commitment D．access
22．A．laid B．pulled C．scared D．took
23．A．make sacrifice B．get ready C．come along D．let go
24．A．Thus B．Furthermore C．However D．Besides
25．A．affection B．emotion C．gratitude D．sorrow
26．A．accepted B．tended C．overlooked D．trained
27．A．address B．occupy C．approach D．swallow
28．A．put away B．got through C．left alone D．stood by
29．A．shell B．cage C．fence D．dilemma
30．A．upset B．thrilled C．panicked D．calm
31．A．leapt B．charged C．marched D．flew
32．A．attraction B．trick C．ambition D．accomplishment
33．A．unforgettable B．remarkable C．enjoyable D．respectable
34．A．assist B．press C．encourage D．command
35．A．sponsor B．motivate C．witness D．cover
第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Taklimakan Desert, 36 (know) as the “Sea of Death,” has been fully encircled with a sand-blocking green belt stretching (绵延) 3,046 km, said local authority in northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.
On Thursday morning, several plant species 37 (plant) on sandy land in Yutian County on the southern edge of the desert, marking the completion of the final stretch of the green belt.
The Taklimakan covers 337,600 square km, 38 (make) it the largest desert in China and the second-largest drifting desert in the world. It has taken more than 40 years to 39 (complete) enclose the desert with a green belt. By the end of 2023, 40 2,761-km-long green belt had connected separated oases (绿洲), leaving only the final, most 41 (challenge) section.
The final part, 42 is approximately 285 km long, runs through the southern part of the desert and faces the most severe wind and sand problems. Since this year, Xinjiang has taken targeted and scientific 43 (measure) to close this gap.
“Next, we will focus on the overall environmental governance of the Taklimakan bining biological 44 engineering sand-fixation (固沙) efforts with solar farms, we will continue to widen the green belt 45 (prevent) the spread of sand sources,” said Wang, a director of desertification control of the regional forestry and grassland administration.
第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
46．目前世界上许多野生动物濒临灭绝，假如你是李华，请你给校英文报写一封倡议信，呼吁大家保护动物，爱护环境。内容包括：
1. 写信目的；
2. 分析原因；
3. 提出措施。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear schoolmates,
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Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
“Nothing will ever be the same again,” Ally said to herself.
Ally’s father died last summer. It wasn’t fair, Ally thought. Dad was young and had never been sick. Why had his heart suddenly slopped Ally sank slowly into her father’s favorite chair and looked at his picture on the bookcase. Ally smiled. “I miss you, Dad,” she said softly.
Ally reached for the photo album she and Dad had put together. On the cover was a photo of wood warbler, a tiny yellow bird with blue-gray wings and black eyes. Dad cut it from a local newspaper. Ally smiled, remembering the excited look on Dad’s face when he showed her the pretty bird. “I can’t believe someone spotted this little guy way up here in New Jersey,” he said. “Wood warblers are usually found in the south, not this far north. I bet if we search really hard, Ally, we’ll see this little guy together someday.”
Ally closed her eyes. She loved thinking about the times she and Dad had spent searching the woods for the little bird. They’d never spotted the warbler, but her father had an amazing way of making each outing seem special. He was her best friend, and when they were together, Ally felt comfortable.
“If only I could get that good feeling back.” she thought, sighing.
She felt a hand smoothing her hair and looked up. “Why don’t you come outside, Ally ” her mother asked. “The birds are nesting in the woods. By this time last year you’d already taken dozens of pictures.”
But her mother must know birdwatching wouldn’t be the same this year. How could it be Ally wondered. Ever since she could remember, she and Dad had been a team, searching the woods for the special wood warbler. “I’ll be out in a while, I promise,” she answered.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Ally headed out for the woods where she and Dad used to go.
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Ally carefully placed the new photo she had taken into her photo album.
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